THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

DAVIS 


V 


DICTIONARY 


OF 


THE   UNITED   STATES   CONGRESS, 


AND 


THE   GENERAL  GOVERNMENT; 


COMPILED    AS 


f0r 


BT 

CHARLES   LANMAN, 

\ 

AUTHOR  OF  THE  "  PRIVATE  LIFE  OF  DANIEL  WEBSTER,"  ETC.,  ETC. 


FIFTH    EDITION: 

REVISED  AND  BROUGHT  DOWN  TO  INCLUDE  THE  FORTIETH  CONGRESS. 


HARTFOED : 
T.    BELKNAP    AND    H.    E.    GOODWIN. 

1868. 

LIBRARY 

.UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
DAVIS 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1868,  by 

CHARLES    LANMAN, 
ID  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  for  the  District  of  Columbia. 


Htnuftotured    by 
CASE,     I.OCKWOOD    i     BRAINAUD, 


DICTIONARY 


THE   UNITED    STATES    CONGRESS, 


ETC.,    ETC. 


PREFACE. 


POLITICAL  laws,  wisely  framed,  have  made  the  United  States  powerful 
and  wealthy  to  a  degree  unexampled  in  modern  times ;  and  I  have  thought 
that  a  book  of  facts,  recording  the  public  services  of  our  national  law 
makers,  would  be  a  deserved  tribute  to  them,  and,  at  the  same  time,  be 
generally  useful.  The  record  embraces  the  Senators,  Representatives,  and 
Delegates,  who  have  served  under  the  Federal  Constitution,  as  well  as  the 
Delegates  to  the  Continental  Congress,  and  has  been  made  in  each  case 
as  correct  and  concise  as  possible.  Of  many  men  Inore  might  have  been 
written,  but  that  was  not  deemed  expedient  in  a  work  of  this  kind ;  and 
where  not  enough  has  been  said,  the  fault  must  be  attributed  to  the  indif 
ference  of  the  persons  mostly  interested,  or  to  the  neglect  of  their  friends. 
Not  being  a  politician,  it  has  given  me  but  little  trouble  to  be  impartial. 
My  intention  has  been  to  express  no  opinions  of  living  men,  and  but  seldom 
to  echo  public  opinion  in  regard  to  the  dead.  My  leading  object  has  been 
to  prepare  a  kind  of  labor-saving  machine,  compiled  from  original  data 
and  the  National  Archives,  for  the  benefit  of  Members  of  Congress  and  of 
State  Legislatures,  of  the  Civil  Officers  of  the  Government,  of  Politicians 
and  Lawyers,  and  all  who  feel  an  interest  in  the  political  history  and 
future  prosperity  of  the  Republic. 


CONTENTS. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 

PAGE 

SENATORS,  REPRESENTATIVES,  AND  DELEGATES 9 

STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 

SUCCESSIVE  SESSIONS  OF  CONGRESS 433 

SPEAKERS  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES 435 

PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 435 

SECRETARIES  OF  THE  SENATE 437 

CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES 437 

CHAPLAINS  TO  CONGRESS 438 

SUCCESSIVE  ADMINISTRATIONS,  WITH  BIOGRAPHICAL  RECORDS    ....  439 

EXECUTIVE  OFFICERS  OF  THE  CIVIL  SERVICE 450 

PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTORS •     .        .        .  454 

Tus  JUSTICES  OF  THE  SUPREME  COURT,  WITH  BIOGRAPHICAL  RECORDS    .       .  496 

MINISTERS  TO  FOREIGN  COUNTRIES 502 

PAY  TABLE  OF  LEADING  CIVIL  OFFICERS 575 

THE  DECLARATION  OF  INDEPENDENCE 523 

DELEGATES  TO  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS 629 

PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS 633 

SESSIONS  OF  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS 533 

ARTICLES  OF  CONFEDERATION 534 

THE  CONSTITUTION  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES 639 

THE  SEAT  OF  THE  GENERAL  GOVERNMENT 551 

ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS 653 

THE  STATES  AND  TERRITORIES  OF  THE  AMERICAN  UNIOX 664 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  NAMES  OF  STATES 570 

PROGRESS  OF  POPULATION  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES 672 

POPULATION  AND  RATIO  OF  REPRESENTATION       .......  673 

LEADING  GOVERNMENT  PUBLICATIONS 675 

THE  STATE  AND  TERRITORIAL  GOVERNORS   .        .        .       •  •.-       •       *  -    •   »       •  578 

RIGHT  OF  SUFFRAGE  IN  THE  SEVERAL  STATES «       « •  687 

QUALIFICATIONS  FOR  GOVERNORS,  SENATORS,  AND  REPRESENTATIVES        .       .  691 

INDEX  OF  BIOGRAPHIES  BY  STATES 699 

INDEX  TO  STATISTICAL  RECORDS *       •  697 

INDEX  TO  CABINET  MINISTERS  NOT  IN  CONGRESS 624 

INDEX  TO  JUSTICES  OF  THE  SUPREME  COURT  NOT  IN  CONGRESS       .       .       .  624 


BIOGRAPHICAL   RECORDS. 


Abbot,  Joel. — Was  born  in  Fairfleld, 
Connecticut,  emigrated  to  Georgia,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Wilkes  County,  in  that  State,  from 
1817  to  1825,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Commerce  and  the  Slave- 
Trade.  Died  November  19,  1826. 

Abbott,  Amos.  —  Born  in  Andover, 
Massachusetts,  September  10,  178G.  He 
was  educated  at  a  district  school,  but 
spent  the  most  of  his  life  as  a  trader  and 
merchant.  During  the  years  1835,  1836, 
and  1842,  he  was  a  Representative  in  the 
Massachusetts  Legislature ;  and  from  1840 
to  1842  a  member  of  the  State  Senate.  He 
represented  his  native  State  in  Congress 
from  1843  to  1849,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  the  Militia  and  on 
Manufactures. 

Abbott,  NeJiemiah.—Romin Sidney, 
Maine,  March  29,  1806.  He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession ;  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Representatives,  jn  the  Maine  Legisla 
ture,  in  1842  and  1843,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Abercrombie,  James. — He  was  born 
in  Georgia,  and,  removing  to  Alabama, 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1851  to  1855. 

Adair,  John. — He  was  born  in  1758, 
in  Chester  County,  South  Carolina ;  emi 
grated  to  Kentucky  in  1787 ;  served  as  a 
Major  in  the  border  warfare  of  the  time ; 
was  elected  to  the  Kentucky  Legislature, 
serving  one  year  as  Speaker ;  was  a  mem 
ber  in  1799  of  the  Convention  which  formed 
the  State  Constitution ;  subsequently  held 
the  office  of  Register  of  the  Land  Office  in 
Kentucky;  and  was  a  Senator  of  the 
United  States,  from  Kentucky,  during  the 
years  1805  and  1806 ;  commanded  the  Ken 
tucky  troops  at  the  battle  of  New  Orleans, 
under  General  Jackson ;  and  was  appoint 
ed  a  General  in  the  army.  He  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1831  to  1833,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 
He  died  at  Harrodsburg,  May  19,  1840. 

Adams,  Andretv.—lLe  was  born  in 


Stratford,  Connecticut,  in  January,  1736 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1760;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law,  and  settled  in 
the  practice  at  Litchfield,  in  1764;  from 
1777  to  1782  he  was  a  Delegate  from  Con 
necticut  to  the  Continental  Congress,  and 
was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Articles  of 
Confederation;  and  in  1789  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Connecticut,  and  in  1793  Chief  Justice  of 
said  Court.  He  received  from  Yale  Col 
lege  the  degree  of  LL.D. ;  and  died  No 
vember  26,  1799. 

Adams,  Benjamin.— Born  at  Wor 
cester,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Legislature,  as  Representative,  from 
1809  to  1814,  and  as  Senator,  in  1814  and 
1815 ;  and  from  1822  to  1825 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  his  na 
tive  State,  from  1816  to  1821,  having  first 
been  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  E.  Brigham ;  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  Revolutionary 
Pensions  and  Public  Expenditures.  He 
died  at  Uxbridge,  Massachusetts,  in  April, 
1837. 

Adams,  Charles  F.—  Born  in  Bos 
ton,  August  18,  1807;  spent  the  most  of 
his  boyhood  in  St.  Petersburg  and  Lon 
don,  whilst  his  father,  John  Quincy  Adams, 
was  Minister  to  Russia  and  England ;  he 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1825 ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1828 ;  served  three  years  in  the  Lower 
House,  and  two  years  in  the  Upper  House 
of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature;  in  1848 
he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Buffalo  Conven 
tion,  and  elected  President ;  was  the  can 
didate  for  Vice-President  on  the  ticket 
with  Mr.  Van  Buren ;  and  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  Massachusetts  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Manufac 
tures,  and  as  a  member  of  the  Special 
Committee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebel 
lious  States.  He  was  at  one  time  the 
editor  of  a  paper  called  the  "  Boston 
Whig;"  was  a  contributor  to  the  North 
American  Review,  and  the  editor  of  the 
well-known  Adams  Letters,  and  is  the 
author  of  the  standard  Biography  of  his 
grandfather,  John  Adams.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  but  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Lincoln  Minister  to 

9 


10 


DIOGEAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


England  iu  1SG1.  In  1864  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  Harvard 
University. 

Adams,  George  M.—  Born  in  Knox 
County,  Kentucky,  December  20,  1837; 
educated  at  Centre  College ;  studied  law ; 
was  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Knox 
County  from  1859  to  1861 ;  subsequently 
served  for  a  few  months  as  a  Captain  in 
the  Union  Army ;  was  an  additional  Pay 
master  of  Volunteers  from  1861  to  1865 ; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  the  Militia  and 
Freedmen's  Affairs. 

Adams,  Green. — Born  in  Barbours- 
ville,  Knox  County,  Kentucky,  August  20, 
1812;  was  bred  a  farmer,  but  read  law 
and  adopted  that  profession ;  in  1832  and 
1833  he  was  Deputy  Sheriff  of  Knox 
County;  in  1839  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature,  and  re-elected ;  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  Ken 
tucky  from  1847  to  1849,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Engraving.  He 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1844 
and  1856,  and  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court 
of  Kentucky  from  1851  to  1856.  In  1859- 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  from  Ken 
tucky  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Post  Offices  and 
Post  Roads.  In  18G1  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  Sixth  Auditor  of  the 
Treasury. 

Adams,  Jolm. — Born  at  Braintree, 
Massachusetts,  October  30,  1735;  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  University  in  1755 ;  in 
structed  a  class  of  scholars  in  Latin  and 
Greek  for  a  subsistence ;  studied  law,  and 
having  been  admitted  to  the  bar,  settled 
at  Quincy  to  practise  his  profession.  As 
a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  1774  to  1777,  he  was  among  the  fore 
most  in  recommending  an  independent 
Government.  In  1777  lie  was  chosen 
Commissioner  to  the  Court  of  Versailles. 
On  his  return  he  was  chosen  a  member  of 
the  Convention  called  to  prepare  a  form 
of  government  for  Massachusetts.  In 
September,  1779,  he  was  appointed  Min 
ister  Plenipotentiary  to  negotiate  a  peace, 
and  had  authority  to  form  a  commercial 
treaty  with  Great  Britain.  In  June,  1780, 
he  was  appointed  Ambassador  to  Holland ; 
and,  in  1782,  he  went  to  Paris  to  engage 
in  the  negotiation  for  peace,  having  pre 
viously  obtained  assurance  that  Great 
Britain  would  recognize  the  independence 
of  the  United  States.  After  serving  on 
two  or  three  commissions  to  form  treaties 
of  amity  and  commerce  with  foreign  pow 
ers,  in  1785  he  was  appointed  first  Min 
ister  to  London;  and,  in  1788,  having 
been  absent  nine  years,  he  returned  to 
America.  In  March,  1789.  the  new  Con 
stitution  of  the  United  States  went  into 
operation,  and  he  became  the  first  Vice- 


President,  which  office  he  held  during 
the  whole  of  Washington's  administra 
tion.  On  the  retirement  of  Washing 
ton,  he  became,  March  4,  1797,  President 
of  the  United  States.  This  was  the 
termination  of  his  public  functions ;  and 
he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  days  upon 
his  farm  in  Quincy,  occupying  himself 
with  agriculture,  and  obtaining  amuse 
ment  from  the  literature  and  politics  of 
the  day.  He  died  on  the  fourth  of  July, 
1826,  with  the  same  words  on  his  lips 
which,  fifty  years  before,  on  that  day,  he 
had  uttered  on  the  floor  of  Congress : 
"Independence  forever!"  His  principal 
publications  are,  "  Letters  on  the  American 
Revolution,"  "Defence  of  the  American 
Constitution,"  an  "Essay  on  Canon  and 
Feudal  Law,"  a  series  of  letters  under 
the  signature  of  Novanglus,  and  Discourses 
on  Davila.  It  was  as  Vice-President  that 
he  had  a  seat  in  the  Senate.  In  1856  his 
life  and  writings  were  published,  in  ten 
volumes,  edited  by  his  grandson,  C.  F. 
Adams. 

Adams,  JoJin. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  Greene  County, 
New  York,  from  1833  to  1835,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions.  He  died  at  Catskill,  New  York, 
September  28,  1854. 

Adams,  John  Quincy.  —  Born  in 
Braintree,  now  Quincy,  Massachusetts, 
July  11,  1767.  When  ten  years  of  age,  he 
accompanied  his  father  to  France ;  and 
when  fifteen,  was  Private  Secretary  to  the 
American  Minister  in  Russia.  He  was 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1787; 
studied  law  in  Newburyport,  and  settled 
in  Boston.  From  1794  to  1801  he  was 
American  Minister  to  Holland,  England, 
Sweden,  and  Prussia.  He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  1803  to  1808 ;  Professor 
of  Rhetoric  in  Harvard  University,  with 
limited  duties,  from  1806  to  1808 ;  was  ap 
pointed,  in  1809,  Minister  to  Russia;  as 
sisted  in  negotiating  the  Treaty  of  Ghent, 
in  1814;  and  assisted,  also,  as  Minister,  at 
the  Convention  of  Commerce  with  Great 
Britain,  in  1815.  He  was  Secretary  of 
State  under  President  Monroe ;  and  was 
chosen  President  of  the  United  States  in 
1825,  serving  one  term.  In  1831  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  and 
continued  in  that  position  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  the  Speaker's  room,  two 
days  after  falling  from  his  seat  in  the 
House  of  Representatives,  February  23, 
1848.  His  last  words  were  :  "This  is  the 
end  of  earth;  I  am  content."  He  was 
Chairman  of  several  of  the  most  important 
committees,  and  always  a  working  mem 
ber  of  the  House.  He  published  "  Letters 
on  Silesia,"  "Lectures  on  Rhetoric  and 
Oratory,"  and  various  "  Poems,"  beside 
many  occasional  letters  and  speeches.  His 
unpublished  writings,  it  is  said,  would 
make  many  volumes. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECOBDS. 


11 


Adams,  Parmenio. — He  was  born 
in  Hartford,  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Batavia, 
Genesee  County,  New  York,  from  1823  to 

1827. 

Adams,  Robert  H.— He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  by  appointment,  from 
Mississippi,  from  January  to  May,  in  1830, 
and  died  on  the  second  day  of  July  fol 
lowing.  • 

Adams,  Samuel. — Born  in  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  in  1722;  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1740;  was  one  of 
the  first  who  organized  measures  of  re 
sistance  to  the  mother  country;  was  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ 
ence;  was  a  Delegate  from  Massachu 
setts  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1774  to  1782;  signed  the  Articles  of  Con 
federation  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  Convention  which  accepted  the 
Federal  Constitution;  and,  on  the  adop 
tion  of  the  State  Constitution,  he  was 
elected  President  of  the  Senate.  He  was 
Lieutenant  Governor  of  Massachusetts 
from  1789  to  1794,  and,  subsequently, 
Governor  until  1797;  and  he  died  October 
3,  1803. 

Adams,  Stephen.— He  was  a  native 
of  Franklin  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
had  been  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  that 
State.  Removing  to  Mississippi,  he  took 
an  active  part  in  public  affairs;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1845  to 
1847 ;  he  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court,  and  from  1852  to  1857  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress  from  Mississippi,  serving 
on  several  committees.  He  removed  to 
Tennessee  with  the  intention  of  practis 
ing  law  at  Memphis,  where  he  died,  May 
11,  1857. 

Adams,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Virginia  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1778  to  1780,  and  signed 
the  Articles  of  Confederation. 

Addams,  William.— He  was  born 
in  Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1825  to  1829,  and  served 
on  a  Committee  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb 
Institutions  of  New  York  and  Ohio.  He 
was,  also,  Auditor  of  Berks  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1813  and  1814;  Commissioner 
of  the  County  from  1814  to  1817;  member 
of  the  State  Legislature  from  1822  to 
1824;  and  Associate  Judge  of  Berks 
County  from  1839  to  1842.  Died  in  the 
spring  of  1858,  aged  82  years. 

Adgate,  Asa. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  In  the  Legislature  of  New  York  from 
Clinton  County,  from  1798  to  1799,  and 
elected  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Essex  County,  in  that  State,  from  1815  to 


1817,  and  was  again  a  member  of  the  Leg 
islature  in  1823. 

Adrain,  Garnett  B.—  Born  in  the 
City  of  New  York,  December  20, 1816.  He 
graduated  at  Rutgers  College,  New  Jersey, 
in  1833;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1837;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  the  Thirty -fifth  Congress  from  New 
Jersey,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Engraving.  He  was  also  elected 
a  member  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on. 
Engraving.  In  January,  1861,  he  offered 
the  resolution  of  thanks  to  Major  Robert; 
Anderson  for  his  defence  of  Fort  Sumter. 
After  leaving  Congress  he  was  devoted  to 
his  profession. 

AM,  t7o7inA.—He  was  born  in  Stans- 
bury,  Franklin  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
August,  1815;  received  a  good  English 
education ;  studied  medicine  with  his  fa 
ther,  and  graduated  at  the  "  Washington 
Medical  College  "  of  Baltimore.  He  aban 
doned  his  profession  in  1850,  and  turned 
his  attention  to  various  kinds  of  manufac 
tures,  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Thirty -fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Manufactures. 

AiJcen,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in  180G ;  grad 
uated  at  the  South  Carolina  College  in 
1825 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature  in  1838,  1840,  and  1842 ;  was  Gover- 
ernor  of  South  Carolina  in  1844;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  that 
State  from  1851  to  1857.  He  was  consid 
ered  one  of  the  most  successful  rice  plant 
ers'  in  his  native  State ;  and  was  one  of 
the  leading  men  of  his  State  who  did  not 
take  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Akers,    Thomas   Peter. — He   was 

elected  a  Representative  from  Missouri  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  for  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  J.  G.  Miller,  and  served  one 
session. 

Albertson,  Nathaniel.  —  He  was 
born  in  Virginia,  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  the  First 
Congressional  District  of  Indiana,  from 
1849  to  1851,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Lands. 

Albright,  Charles  «/.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  elected,  from  the 
State  of  Ohio,  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Aldrich,  Cyrus.— Born  in  Smith- 
field,  Rhode  Island,  in  June,  1808;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education;  has 
followed  the  various  occupations  of  a 
sailor,  a  boatman,  a  fanner,  a  contractor 
on  public  works,  and  a  mail  contractor ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Illinois  Legislature ; 


12 


BIOGRAPHICAL   BECOEDS. 


also  a  Register  of  Deeds  and  Register  of 
the  Land  Office  at  Dixon,  in  that  State, 
for  four  years;  and,  having  removed  to 
Minnesota,  was  a  member  of  the  Consti 
tutional  Convention  of  that  State ;  mem 
ber  of  the  County  Board  of  Hampshire 
County,  in  that  State ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Minnesota  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Agriculture. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Indian  Affairs.  After  leaving  Con 
gress  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  a  Commissioner  to  settle  claims 
against  the  Sioux  Indians.  In  February, 
1867,  he  was  appointed  by  President  John- 
sou  Postmaster  at  Minneapolis,  Minnesota. 

Alexander,   Adam  It.  —  He   was 

born  in  Washington  County,  Virginia,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Madison  County,  Tennessee,  from 
1823  to  1827,  and  served  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post 
Roads. 

Alexander,  Z7vcm.— Born  in  North 
Carolina;  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1787 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature 
for  two  years ;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  North  Carolina  from  1805 
to  1809.  Died  October  28,  1809. 

Alexander ,  Henry  P.  —  He    was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  Herkimer  County, 
in  that  State,  from  1849  to  1851,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  State  Department. 

Alexander,  James,  Jr.—  He  was 

born  in  Maryland ;  was  a  resident  of  St. 
Clairsville,  Belmont  County,  Ohio,  and 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
the  Eleventh  District  in  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1839,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Expenditures.  Died 
August  G,  1846. 

Alexander,  John.— lie  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  Ohio, 
May  4,  1813,  serving  till  1817. 

Alexander,  MarJc.—lle  was  born 
in  Mecklenburg  County,  Virginia,  and 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1833,  and  served 
on  the  Committees  on  Revolutionary  Pen 
sions,  Ways  and  Means,  and  Expendi 
tures  in  the  State  Department,  and  the 
District  of  Columbia. 

Alexander,  Nathaniel.  —  Gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1776,  and, 
after  studying  medicine,  entered  the  army. 
At  the  close  of  the  war  he  resided  at  the 
High  Hills  of  Santee,  pursuing  his  profes 
sion,  and  afterwards  at  Mecklenburg. 
While  he  held  a  seat  in  Congress,  as  a 


Representative  from  North  Carolina,  from 
1803  to  1805,  the  Legislature  elected  him 
Governor  for  1806.  He  died  at  Salisbury, 
March  8,  1808,  aged  fifty-two.  In  all  his 
public  stations  he  is  said  to  have  dis 
charged  his  duty  with  ability  and  firm- 


Alexander,    Robert.  —  He   was    a 

Delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  from  1775  to  1777. 

Alford,  Julius  C. — He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  Troup  County,  in 
that  State,  from  1839  to  1842,  and  served 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Indian 
Affairs. 

Allen,  Andrew.— lie  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  in  1775  to  1776. 

Allen,  Charles. — He  was  born  in 
Worcester,  Massachusetts,  August  9, 1797, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  that  State  from  1849  to  1853,  and  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  the  District 
of  Columbia.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature  in  1829,  1833,  1834, 
1838,  and  1840 ;  and  a  State  Senator  in 
1835, 1838,  and  1839 ;  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  from  1842  to  1844 ;  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Suffolk 
County  from  1858  to  1859 ;  and  subsequent 
ly  Chief  Justice  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
the  State.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention  of  1853; 
and  a  Commissioner  to  negotiate  the 
Webster  Treaty  in  1842.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861. 

Allen,  Chilton.  —  He  was  born  in 
Albemarle  County,  Virginia,  April  6, 1786, 
and  settled  in  Kentucky  as  a  wheelwright. 
He  educated  himself  for  the  legal  pro 
fession;  from  Clark  County  was  elected 
in  1811  to  the  Legislature  of  Kentucky  for 
several  terms ;  and  he  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  that  State  from 
1831  to  1837,  officiating  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Territories,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Af 
fairs.  In  1838  he  was  President  of  the 
Board  of  Internal  Improvement ;  and  in 
1842  he  was  again  returned  to  the  State 
Legislature,  which  was  the  last  public 
position  he  occupied.  He  died  at  Win 
chester,  September  3,  1858.  He  was  a 
man  of  ability  and  of  rare  virtues. 

Allen,  Elisha    JET.  —  Born  in  New 

Salem,  Massachusetts,  January  28,  1804; 
was  bred  a  lawyer ;  served  in  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Maine  from  1836  to  1841,  and  in 
1846;  in  1838  as  speaker;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  Maine, 
from  1841  to  1843,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Manufactures.  In  1847 
he  removed  to  Boston,  and  was  elected  to 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


13 


the  Massachusetts  Legislature  in  1849; 
after  which  he  was  appointed  Consul  to 
Honolulu,  and  has  since  that  time  been 
connected  with  the  Government  of  the 
Sandwich  Islands.  In  1856  he  visited  the 
United  States  as  Envoy ;  and  in  1857  was 
Chief  Justice  and  Chancellor  of  the  Sand 
wich  Islands,  serving  until  1864. 

Allen,  Heman.  —  He  was  born  in 
1776;  was  a  resident,  if  not  a  native  of 
Milton,  Vermont ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law,  in  which  he  became  distinguished ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Vermont  from  1833  to  1839,  serving 
as  an  active  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Claims.  He  subsequently  settled  in  Bur 
lington,  Vermont,  where  he  died  Decem 
ber  11, 1844. 

Allen,  Heman.  —  He  was  born  in 
1779,  and  a  resident  of  Colchester,  Ver 
mont  ;  he  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College 
in  1795,  and  adopted  the  profession  of  law. 
He  was  Sheriff  of  Chittenden  County  in 
1808  and  1809;  from  1811  to  1814  he  was 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Chittenden  County 
Court;  from  1812  to  1817  he  was  an  active 
member  of  the  State  Legislature ;  was  ap 
pointed  Quartermaster  of  Militia,  with  the 
title  of  Brigadier;  and  was  a  trustee  of 
the  University  of  Vermont.  He  was  first 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Vermont  in  1817,  but  resigned  in  1818  to 
accept  from  President  Munroe  the  appoint 
ment  of  United  States  Marshal  for  the  Dis 
trict  of  Vermont.  In  1823  he  received 
from  the  same  President  the  appointment 
of  Minister  to  Chili,  which  he  resigned  in 
1828 ;  in  1830  he  was  appointed  President 
of  the  United  States  Branch  Bank,  at  Bur 
lington,  which  he  held  until  the  expiration 
of  its  charter,  after  which  he  settled  in  the 
town  of  Highgate,  Vermont,  where  he  died 
of  heart  disease,  April  9,  1852. 

Allen,  James  C.  —  He  was  born  in 
Shelby  County,  Kentucky,  January  28, 
1823;  received  a  good  common-school  ed 
ucation,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Indiana  in  1843 ;  in  1846  was 
elected,  for  two  years,  Prosecuting  Attor 
ney  in  the  Seventh  Judicial  District  of  In 
diana  ;  and,  having  removed  to  Illinois  in 
1848,  was  elected  a  member,  in  1850  and 
1851,  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
chosen  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Illinois,  from  1853  to  1855,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  when  his 
scat  was  contested  unsuccessfully.  He  was 
chosen  Clerk  of  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  in 
1862  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  as  a  Representative,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Indian  Affairs  and  Un 
finished  Business. 

Allen,  John.  —  Born  in  Great  Bar- 
rington,  Massachusetts,  in  1763;  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession,  and  a  member  of  the 


State  Council  of  Connecticut  for  several 
years ;  was  a  Representative  from  that 
State  during  the  last  Congress  which  was 
held  in  Philadelphia,  from  1797  to  1799. 
He  died  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  July 
31,  1812. 

Allen,  John  J. — He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia  ;  was  a  resident  of  Harrison  County, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Virginia,  from  1833  to  1835, 
and  served  as  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  the  District  of  Columbia.  He  subse 
quently  held  the  office  of  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  Virginia. 

Allen,  John  W. — Born  in  Litchfleld, 
Connecticut,  in  1802 ;  settled  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  in  1825,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Senate  of  that  State  from  1835  to  1837;  al 
so  Mayor  of  Cleveland ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1837  to 
1841,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  the  Militia  and  Military  Affairs.  He 
was  the  son  of  John  Allen,  of  Great  Bar- 
rington,  Massachusetts. 

Allen,  Joseph.  —  He  was  born  in 
Boston ;  was  a  merchant  in  Leicester,  and 
benefactor  of  the  Academy  there ;  twice 
Elector  for  President ;  was  a  Clerk  of  the 
County  Court  and  a  State  Councillor ;  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1811  to  1813,  having  suc 
ceeded  J.  Upham,  resigned.  He  died  at 
Worcester,  September  2,  1827,  aged  sev 
enty-eight  years. 

Allen,  Judson.  —  He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and  removing  to  New  York: 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Mile 
age. 

Allen,  Nathaniel.— lie  was  born  in 
Dutchess  County,  New  York;  served  in 
the  Assembly  of  that  State  in  1812,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1819  to  1821,  and  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Manufactures. 

Allen,  fhilip. — He  was  born  in  Prov 
idence,  Rhode  Island,  September  1,  1785; 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1803; 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in 
1819,  1820,  and  1821 ;  devoted  much  atten 
tion  to  the  business  of  manufacturing ;  was 
Governor  of  Rhode  Island  during  the  years 
1851,  1852,  and  1853;  and  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  his  native  State, 
from  March  3,  1853,  for  six  years,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Com 
merce  and  on  Naval  Affairs.  Died  in  Prov 
idence,  Rhode  Island,  December  16,  1865. 

Allen,  Robert.  —  Born  in  Augusta 
County,  Virginia.  He  was  a  Colonel  ia 
the  army  under  General  Jackson ;  a  Rep 
resentative  iu  Congress,  from  Tennesee, 


14 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


from  1819  to  1827,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  Commerce,  the  Libra 
ry,  and  Kevolutionary  Claims.  He  died  at 
Carthage,  Tennessee,  August  19,  1864, 
aged  sixty-seven  years. 

Allen,  Robert. — Born  in  "Woodstock, 
Shenandoah  County,  Virginia,  July  30, 
1794.  He  was  educated  at  Dickinson  and 
Washington  Colleges,  having  left  the  lat 
ter  institution  on  a  furlough  of  three 
months,  for  the  purpose  of  joining  a  vol 
unteer  military  force  in  1813,  but  returned 
and  graduated.  He  studied  law,  and  prac 
tised  in  his  native  place.  He  held  for  a 
time  the  office  of  Prosecutor  for  the  Com 
monwealth  ;  served  five  years  in  the  Sen 
ate  of  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to 
1833,  serving  on  the  Committee  for  the 
District  of  Columbia. 

Allen,  Samuel  C.—  Born  in  Frank 
lin  County,  Massachusetts;  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1794;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Massachusetts  Legislature 
from  1806  to  1810;  a  State  Senator  from 
1812  to  1815,  and  in  1831 ;  and  a  member 
of  the  Executive  Council  in  1829  and  1830; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1817  to  1829,  officiat 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Ac 
counts.  He  died  at  Northtield,  February 
8,  1842,  aged  seventy  years. 

Allen,  William. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio;  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Ross  County,  Ohio,  from  1833  to  1835, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Indian  Affairs ;  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1837  to  1849,  serving  as  a 
member  of  several  important  committees 
in  the  Senate  during  his  first  term. 

Allen,  William.  —  Born  in  Butler 
County,  Ohio,  August  13,  1827;  received  a 
good  English  education,  and  taught  school 
for  a  time ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1849 ;  in  1850  he  was  elected 
a  County  Prosecuting  Attorney,  and  re- 
elected  in  1852 ;  and  in  1858  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Accounts.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Expenditures  in  Interior 
Department.  Was  a  Delegate  to  the  Chi 
cago  Convention  in  1864,  and  also  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  1866. 

Allen,  William  J".— He  was  born  in 
Tennessee  in  1828 ;  removed  with  his  fa 
ther  to  Illinois  in  1829 ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848;  in  1854 
he  was  elected  to  the  Illinois  Legislature ; 
in  1855  was  appointed  United  States  At 
torney  for  the  District  of  Illinois,  which 
lie  resigned  in  18GO,  and  was  then  elected 


Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court.  In  1862  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Illi 
nois,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  for 
the  unexpired  term  of  John  S.  Logan,  re 
signed,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Claims. 

Allen,  Willis. — He  was  born  in  Ten 
nessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Illinois,  from  1851  to  1855. 

Alley,  John  B.—  Born  in  Lynn,  Mas 
sachusetts,  January  7,  1817,  received  a 
good  common-school  education;  was  ap 
prenticed  to  a  shoemaker,  and  received  his 
freedom  when  nineteen  years  of  age,  after 
which  he  devoted  himself  to  trading;  he 
subsequently  entered  largely  into  the  shoe 
and  leather  business,  which  he  has  since 
followed;  he  served  several  years  in  the 
City  Councils  of  Lynn ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Governor's  Council  in  1851 ;  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  in  1852 ;  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  held 
in  1853,  and  in  1858  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Massachusetts,  to  the  Thir 
ty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh,  and  also  to 
the  Thirty-eighth,  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Post  Offices 
and  Post  Roads.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  again  on  the  Post 
Office  Committee,  and  as  a  member  of  that 
on  the  Bankrupt  Law.  He  was  also  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention"  of  1866. 

Allison,  James. — He  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Beaver 
County,  Pennsylvania,  from  1823  to  1825. 

Allison,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851 
to  1853,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress. 

Allison,  Robert. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1831  to  1833. 

Allison,  William  B.— He  was  born 
in  the  township  of  Perry,  Wayne  County, 
Ohio,  March  2,  1829;  spent  the  most  of 
his  boyhood  on  a  farm;  was  educated 
chiefly  at  Alleghany  College,  Pennsylva 
nia,  and  at  the  Western  Reserve  College, 
Ohio;  studied  law,  came  to  the  bar  in 
1851,  and  practised  the  profession  in  Ohio 
until  1857,  when  he  settled  in  Dubuque, 
Iowa.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago 
Convention  of  1860;  in  1861  he  was"  a 
member  of  the  Governor's  staff,  and  ren 
dered  essential  service  in  raising  troops 
for  the  war ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Iowa  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


15 


tees  on  Public  Lands  and  Roads  and 
Canals.  He-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Ways  and  Means,  Mines  and  Mining,  and 
Expenses  in  the  Interior  Department,  lie- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Alsop,  tlohn.—llQ  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1774  to  1776. 

Alston,  Lemuel  J". — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1807  to  1811. 

Alston,  William  J".— He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and  removing  to  Alabama,  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1849  to  1851,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Post  Offices  and 
Post  Roads. 

Alston,  Willis.  —  Born  in  Halifax 
County,  North  Carolina.  He  appeared  in 
public'life  as  early  as  1794,  serving  in  the 
State  Legislature  for  several  years,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
North  Carolina,  from  1799  to  1803.  Died, 
April  10,  1837. 

Alston,  Willis,  Jr.—  Born  in  North 
Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1803  to 
1815,  and  from  1825  to  1831.  During  the 
war  of  1812  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  of  Ways  and  Means. 

Alvord,  James  C, — He  was  a  native 
of  Massachusetts ;  received  a  liberal  edu 
cation  ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
served  one  term  in  each  branch  of  the 
State  Legislature;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  but  died  before 
taking  his  seat,  in  the  latter  part  of  1839. 

Ames,  Fislier. — He  was  born  in  Ded- 
ham,  Massachusetts,  April  9,  1758 ;  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  University  in  1774 ; 
studied  law  in  Boston,  and  commenced 
the  practice  of  it  in  his  native  town.  He 
distinguished  himself  as  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  Convention  for  ratifying 
the  Constitution  in  1788 ;  from  that  body 
he  passed  into  the  State  Legislature ;  and 
was  soon  afterwards  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  where  he  served  from 
1789  to  1797,  and  gained  great  reputation 
for  his  eloquence  and  exalted  patriotism. 
He  was  devotedly  attached  to  Washing 
ton,  and  was  the  author  of  the  "Address" 
from  the  House  of  Representatives  to  the 
President  prior  to  his  retirement  from 
office.  After  leaving  Congress,  he  de 
voted  himself  for  a  few  years  to  the  prac 
tice  of  his  profession ;  but,  giving  that  up, 
he  devoted  himself  exclusively  to  farm 
ing.  He  was  elected  President  of  Har 
vard  University  in  1804,  but  declined  the 
honor,  and  received  from  that  institution 


the  degree  of  LL.D.  He  wrote  much  for 
the  papers  on  the  public  affairs  of  America, 
England,  and  France,  and  both  as  a  writer 
and  orator  he  attained  a  very  prominent 
position,  and  exerted  an  extensive  influ 
ence.  He  died  in  Declham,  July  4,  1808 ; 
in  1809  a  collection  of  his  writings  and 
his  life  were  published  by  Rev.  Dr.  Kirk- 
ham  ;  and  in  1854  a  more  complete  edition 
was  issued,  edited  by  his  son. 

Ames,  OaJces. — He  was  born  in  Eas- 
ton,  Bristol  County,  Massachusetts,  Janu 
ary  10,  1804;  has  ever  been  a  manufac 
turer  by  profession;  was  a  member,  for 
two  years,  of  the  Executive  Council  of 
the  State,  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims  and 
Manufactures.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  the  Pacific  Railroad  and  Manufac 
tures;  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
18G6 ;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress. 

Ancona,  SydenJiain  E.—Ilo  was 
born  in  Warwick,  Lancaster  County, 
Pennsylvania,  November  20,  1824,  and, 
removing  to  Berks  County,  was  for  sev 
eral  years  connected  with  the  Reading 
Railroad  Company.  He  was  elected  in 
1860  a  Representative,  from  Pennsylvania, 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  the  Militia  and  on 
Manufactures.  In  1862  he  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Manufac 
tures  and  on  the  Militia.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs;  and  he 
was  one  of  the  Representatives  designated 
by  the  House  to  attend  the  funeral  of 
General  Scott  in  1866.  In  March,  1867, 
he  was  appointed  by  President  Johnson 
Navy  Agent  at  Philadelphia,  but  was  not 
confirmed  by  the  Senate. 

Anderson,  Alexander. — He  was  a 

Senator  in  Congress,  from  the  Knoxville 
District,  Tennessee,  during  the  years  1840 
and  1841,  a  part  of  a  term,  and  served  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  the  Mili 
tia. 

Anderson,  George  W. —  Born  in 
Jefferson  County,  Tennessee,  May  22, 
1832 ;  received  a  liberal  education ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law ;  settled  in  Mis 
souri  in  1853;  in  1854  became  the  editor 
of  the  "North  East  Missourian"  news 
paper;  was  elected,  in  1858,  to  the  State 
Legislature,  after  a  previous  defeat;  in 
1862  he  was  chosen  a  State  Senator,  re 
maining  in  that  capacity  until  1865,  when, 
he  resigned,  having  been  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Missouri  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit- 


16 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


tee  on  Public  Lands,  and  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Mileage.  Early  in  18G1 
he  organized  a  Home  Guard,  and  was 
chosen  Colonel  thereof,  and  was  subse 
quently  commissioned  a  Colonel  of  Mili 
tia,  and  had  command  of  the  Forty-ninth 
Regiment  of  his  State.  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention"  of  1866,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Anderson,  Hugh  J".— Born  in  1801, 
in  Maine,  and  was  Clerk  of  the  Waldo 
County  Courts  from  1827  to  1837,  and  a 
llepresentutive  in  Congress,  from  Maine, 
from  1837  to  1841,  and  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Naval  Affairs.  He  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession ;  Governor  of  Maine 
from  1844  to  1847 ;  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1849;  and  Commissioner  of  Customs  in 
Washington,  from  1853  to  1858.  In  Octo 
ber,  I860,  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson  Sixth  Auditor  of  the  Treasury. 

Anderson,  Isaac.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1803  to  1807. 

Anderson,  John.— He  was  born  in 
Cumberland,  Maine;  was  a  graduate  of 
Bowdoin  College  in  1813;  studied  law 
and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816;  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Maine  Senate  in  1824,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Cumberland  County,  Maine,  from 
1825  to  1833,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Elections  and  Naval  Af 
fairs.  He  was  also  Mayor  of  Portland  in 
1833  and  1842 ;  United  States  District  At 
torney  from  1833  to  1837;  and  Collector 
of  Customs  at  Portland  from  1837  to  1841, 
and  from  1843  to  1848.  He  died  August 
21,  1853,  aged  sixty-one  years. 

Anderson,  Joseph* — He  was  born 
near  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  Novem 
ber  5,  1757;  enjoyed  what  was  called  at 
the  time  a  good  education;  studied  law; 
was  appointed  an  Ensign  in  the  New  Jer 
sey  line  in  1775;  was  promoted  to  an 
Adjutancy;  as  a  Captain  fought  at  the 
battle  of  Monmouth ;  he  also  went,  in 
1779,  with  Sullivan  against  the  Six  Na 
tions  ;  in  1780  he  was  at  Valley  Forge ;  in 
1781  at  the  siege  of  York;  and  after  the 
war  he  retired  with  the  rank  of  Brevet 
Major.  He  practised  law  in  Delaware  for 
seven  years.  In  1791  was  appointed  by 
Washington  Judge  of  the  territory  south 
of  the  Ohio  River;  remained  in  that  posi 
tion  until  the  first  Constitution  of  Ten 
nessee  was  formed,  which  he  aided  in 
forming  in  convention ;  and  he  was  an 
influential  member  of  the  United  States 
Senate,  from  Tennessee,  from  1797  to 
1815,  serving  at  all  times  upon  important 
committees,  and  acting  on  two  occasions 
»s  President  pro  tcmpore  of  the  Senate. 
He  was  appointed,  in  1815,  First  Comp 
troller  of  the  Treasury,  where  he  remained 


until  1836.  He  died  in  AVashington,  April 
17,  1837. 

Anderson,   Joseph  H.  —  He  was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1843  to  1847,  and  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Agriculture, 
and  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Ex 
penditures  in  the  Treasury  Department. 

Anderson,    JosiaJi  M.  —  He  was 

born  in  Tennessee,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  the 
Third  District  in  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1852,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Private  Land  Claims.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861. 

Anderson,  J.  F. — He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  elected  a  Delegate  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  from  the  Ter 
ritory  of  Washington. 

Anderson,  Lucien.—Was  born  in 
Mayfield,  Kentucky,  in  June,  1824;  re 
ceived  a  good  English  education ;  adopted 
the  profession  of  the  law;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1852;  and  served  for 
two  terms  as  a  member  of  the  Kentucky 
Legislature.  In  1803  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia.  During  the  month  of  November, 
1863,  he  was  taken  prisoner  by  a  party  of 
"  Confederates,"  and  retained  in  custody 
until  just  before  the  meeting  of  Congress, 
when  he  was  exchanged.  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Baltimore  Convention  of  1864, 
a  Presidential  Elector  in  1853,  and  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention  "  of  1866. 

Anderson,  Richard  C.,  Jr.— Born 
in  Jefferson  County,  Kentucky ;  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1817  to  1821,  and  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lands 
during  the  Sixteenth  Congress.  In  1823 
he  was  appointed  Minister  Plenipotentiary 
to  Colombia,  and  in  1827  Envoy  Extraor 
dinary  to  Panama;  but  died  November  6, 
1826. 

Anderson,  Samuel.— Born  in  1774, 
in  Pennsylvania.  He  served  repeatedly  in 
the  Legislature  of  that  State ;  was  Speaker 
of  its  House  during  two  sessions;  and 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1827  to  1839,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  the  Boun 
dary  Line  of  Missouri.  He  died  in  Ches 
ter,  Pennsylvania,  January  17,  1850. 

Anderson,  Simeon  JET.— Born  in 
Garrard  County,  Kentucky,  March  2,  1832; 
studied  law  and  practised  with  success; 
served  frequently  in  the  Kentucky  Legis 
lature;  was  elected  a  Representative  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


17 


Congress  from  the  Fifth  Congressional 
District  of  Kentucky,  from  1831)  to  1841, 
and  served  as  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads.  He  died 
at  his  residence  near  Lancaster,  Kentucky, 
August  11,  1840,  before  the  expiration  of 
his  term  of  service.  He  had  the  reputation 
of  being  a  remarkably  industrious,  useful, 
and  amiable  man. 

Anderson,  Thos.  L.—  Born  in  Greene 
County,  Kentucky,  December  8,  1808.  He 
was  self-educated,  and  removed  to  Mis 
souri  in  1830,  where  he  commenced  the 
practice  of  law  at  twenty-one  years  of  age. 
He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that 
State  in  1840 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1844,  1848,  1852,  and  1856;  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  for  remodelling  the 
State  Constitution  in  1845,  and  was  elected 
a  Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Invalid  Pensions.  He  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Private  Laud  Claims. 

Anderson,  William. — Born  in  Ches 
ter  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  17G3,  and 
served  throughout  the  Revolutionary  War 
with  credit,  taking  a  prominent  part  at  the 
siege  of  Yorktown.  After  the  war  he  re 
turned  to  Delaware  County,  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1809  to  1815,  and 
from  1817  to  1819.  He  was  afterwards  a 
Judge  of  Deleware  County  Court,  and  a 
Custom-house  officer  at  Chester,  in  that 
county,  where  he  died,  December  13, 1829. 

Anderson,  William  C.  —  Born  in 
Lancaster,  Garrard  County,  Kentucky,  De 
cember  G,  1826;  educated  at  the  College 
of  Danville ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  served  in  the  Kentucky  Legislature 
in  1851  and  1853;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1856;  and  in  1859  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  District  of 
Columbia.  Died  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky, 
December  23,  1861. 

Andrews,  Charles.— Born  in  Paris, 
Maine,  in  1814 ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1837 ;  was  Clerk  of 
the  County  Court  of  Oxford  County ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  from 
'1839  to  1843,  a  portion  of  the  time  Speaker 
of  the  House;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1851  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  Paris 
Hill,  Maine,  April  30,  1852. 

Andrews,  George  It,.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  the  Fourteenth  Congres 
sional  District  in  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Elections. 


Andrews,  John  T. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1839,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenditures  in  the  State  De 
partment. 

Andreivs,    Landaff   W»— Born  in 

Fleming  County,  Kentucky,  February  12, 
1803 ;  graduated  at  Transylvania  Univer 
sity  in  1824 ;  and  commenced  the  practice 
of  law  in  1826,  in  which  profession  he  has 
since  been  actively  engaged.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Kentucky  Legislature  in 
1834,  and  in  1838  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  serving  from  1839  to  1843, 
and  acted  on  the  Committees  on  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions  and  Accounts.  He  was 
also'a  member  of  the  Kentucky  Senate. 

Andrews,  Samuel  G. — He  was  born 
in  Derby,  New  Haven  County,  Connecti 
cut,  October  16, 1799 ;  received  an  academi 
cal  education,  and  removed  with  his  father 
to  Rochester,  New  York,  in  1816.  He  was 
occupied  chiefly  in  mercantile  and  manu 
facturing  pursuits ;  was  for  several  years 
Mayor  of  Rochester ;  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Legislature  in  1831  and  1832, 
from  Monroe  County,  New  York ;  Clerk  of 
the  Monroe  County  Court;  Secretary  of 
the  State  Senate  of  New  York  for  four 
years ;  Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Dernier  Re 
sort  for  four  years;  and  was  Postmaster 
of  Rochester.  He  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  Died  in 
Rochester,  New  York,  in  18G3. 

Andrews,  Sherlock  J. — Born  iii 
Wallingford,  Connecticut,  in  1801 ;  grad 
uated  at  Union  College,  settled  in  Cleve 
land,  Ohio,  in  1825,  and  practised  law;  was 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  that  State, 
and  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  from  1841  to  1843,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 

Angel,  William  G.—IIe  was  a  native 
of  Newshoreham,  Rhode  Island ;  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Bur 
lington,  Otsego  County,  New  York,  from 
1825  to  1827,  and  again  from  1829  to  1833, 
and  Avas  a  member  of  the  Committees  oa 
Indian  Affairs  and  on  Territories. 

Anthony,  Henry  1?.— He  was  born, 
in  Coventry,  Rhode  Island,  April  1,  1815, 
of  Quaker  ancestry;  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1833,  and  in  1838  he  assumed 
the  editorial  charge  of  the  "  Providence 
Journal,"  which  he  retained  until  called  to 
a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate.  He 
Avas  elected  Governor  of  Rhode  Island  in 
1849,  re-elected  in  1850,  and  declined  a  re 
election.  He  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  Rhode  Island  for  the  term 
commencing  in  1859  and  ending  in  1865, 


18 


BIOGBAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Printing;  and  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Senate  for  the  term  ending  in  1871,  again 
serving  at  the  head  of  the  Printing  Com 
mittee  and  as  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  Claims,  Naval  Affairs,  Mines  and  Min 
ing,  and  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  National  Com 
mittee  appointed  to  accompany  the  re 
mains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois ; 
and  was  one  of  the  Senators  designated  by 
the  Senate  to  attend  the  funeral  of  General 
Scott  in  18GG.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention" 
of 18G6. 

Anthony,  Joseph  B.—  Born  in  Penn 
sylvania  ;  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1838,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tees  on  Territories  and  Military  Affairs. 
He  died  at  Williamsport,  Pennsylvania, 
January  17,  1851. 

Appleton,  John. — Born  in  Beverly, 
Massachusetts,  February  11,  1815;  gradu 
ated  at  Bowdoin  College,  Maine,  in  1831; 
was  admitted  to  practise  law  at  Portland, 
Maine,  in  1837.  In  the  winter  of  183S-'39 
be  became  editor  of  a  Democratic  news 
paper  in  that  city,  "  The  Eastern  Argus," 
and  continued  to  be  its  editor  for  the  next 
four  or  five  years,  during  a  part  of  which 
time  he  was  also  Register  of  Probate  for 
the  County  of  Cumberland.  In  1845  he 
accepted  an  invitation  from  Mr.  Bancroft, 
the  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  to  become  Chief 
Clerk  of  the  Navy  Department;  subse 
quently  he  succeeded  Mr.  Trist  as  Chief 
Clerk  of  the  State  Department,  which  was 
then  presided  over  by  Mr.  Buchanan.  In 
1848  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Polk, 
Charge  d'Affaires  of  the  United  States  to 
Bolivia.  On  his  return  from  that  mission, 
Avhich  he  resigned  after  the  election  of 
General  Taylor,  he  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  at  Portland,  in  partnership  with 
Nathan  Clifford,  now  one  of  the  judges 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States; 
but  soon  afterwards,  in  September,  1850, 
he  was  elected,  from  the  Portland  Dis 
trict,  a  member  of  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress.  In  1855  he  joined  Mr.  Buchan 
an,  at  London,  as  Secretary  of  Legation, 
but  returned  home  in  time  for  the  Presi 
dential  canvass  of  185G.  In  1857,  having 
been  obliged  from  ill  health  to  decline  the 
position  to  which  he  had  been  invited,  of 
editor  of  the  "  Washington  Union,"  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  As 
sistant  Secretary  of  State.  In  May,  1SGO, 
he  was  appointed  Minister  to  Russia.  He 
died  in  Portland,  Maine,  August  22,  1864. 

Appleton,  Nathan.— Born  at  New 
Ipswich,  New  Hampshire,  October  6,  1779. 
He  entered  Dartmouth  College  in  1794,  but 
left  his  studies  there,  after  being  invited 
by  his  brother  to  join  him  in  the  mercantile 
business  iu  Boston.  He  became  interested 


in  the  cotton  manufacture,  and  in  1821  was 
one  of  the  three  original  founders  of  Low 
ell.  He  was  at  different  periods  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  and 
from  1831  to  1833,  and  again  in  1842,  was 
elected  a  Representative  of  that  State  in 
Congress,  serving  on  important  commit 
tees  ;  but  soon  resigned  his  seat,  and  has 
since  taken  no  part  in  public  affairs.  He 
published  pamphlets  and  essays  on  Curren 
cy,  Banking,  and  the  Tariff.  He  died  in 
Boston,  July  14,  1861.  A  memoir  of  his 
life  was  published  by  Robert  C.  Winthrop. 

Appleton,  William.  —  Born  in 
Brookiield,  Massachusetts,  November, 
178G,  and  was  educated  for  mercantile 
pursuits,  in  which  he  was  engaged  exten 
sively  and  successfully  for  more  than 
fifty  years.  He  ever  took  a  prominent 
part  in  various  public  enterprises  and 
benevolent  objects ;  gave  much  attention 
to  banking  and  financial  operations,  and 
was  for  some  years,  and  until  the  close 
of  the  institution,  President  of  the  Branch 
Bank  of  the  United  States  iu  Boston.  In 
1850  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  and  re- 
elected  in  1852.  He  was  also  elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  but  died  iu. 
February,  18G2,  in  Boston. 

Archer,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Harford  County,  Maryland,  in  1741,  and 
graduated  at  Nassau  Hall  in  1760.  He  stud 
ied  divinity,  but,  on  account  of  a  throat 
affection,  turned  his  attention  to  medicine, 
and  went  through  a  course  of  study  at 
the  Philadelphia  Medical  College,  having 
received  the  n'rst  medical  diploma  ever 
issued  in  the  New  World.  At  the  com 
mencement  of  the  Revolution  he  had 
command  of  a  military  company;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature ;  and 
after  the  war  he  practised  his  profession ; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1797 ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  Mary 
land,  from  1801  to  1807 ;  and  died  in  1810. 
As  a  medical  man  he  commanded  great 
influence,  and  several  discoveries  were 
made  by  him,  which  have  been  adopted 
by  the  profession. 

Archer  Stevenson. — He  was  born  in 
Harford  County,  Maryland ;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1805 ;  was  a  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals ;  and  elected  a 
Representative  iu  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1811  to  1817,  when  he  was 
appointed  Judge  in  Mississippi  Territory. 
lie  was  chosen  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  again,  from  1819  to  1821,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  He  was  the  son  of  John  Archer. 

Archer,  Stevenson. — He  was  born 
in  Harford  County,  Maryland,  1827; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College,  in  1846 ; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  was  a 
member  of  the  Maryland  Legislature  iu 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


19 


1854,  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Naval  Affairs,  Expenditures  on  Public 
Buildings,  and  Education  in  the  District 
of  Columbia.  His  father,  bearing  his  own 
name,  and  his  grandfather,  named  John, 
were  both  Representatives  in  Congress 
from  the  same  district  which  he  now 
represents. 

ArcJier,  William  S.— Born  in  Ame 
lia  County,  Virginia,  March  5,  1789.  He 
came  of  a  Welsh  family,  a  number  of 
whom  acquitted  themselves  with  honor 
in  the  Revolutionary  war.  He  obtained 
the  rudiments  of  his  education  at  the  best 
grammar  schools  of  the  day;  graduated 
at  the  CoUege  of  William  and  Mary ;  and 
studied  law.  In  1812  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature,  where  he  served, 
excepting  one  year,  until  1819.  In  1820 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Virginia,  where  he  remained 
until  1835,  taking  an  active  part  in  all 
matters  of  national  importance,  and  ex 
erting  a  paramount  influence,  especially 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Relations,  and  member  of  the  Committee 
on  the  Missouri  Compromise.  In  1841  he 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
where  he  remained  until  1847,  having, 
from  the  start,  been  placed  at  the  head  of 
the  Committee  on  Foreign  Relations  in 
that  body.  By  his  public  acts,  he  com 
manded  the  respect  of  the  country ;  and 
by  the  charms  of  his  private  character, 
won  the  friendship  of  many  of  the  leading 
men  of  his  day.  On  his  retirement  from 
public  life,  he  devoted  himself  to  the 
improvement  of  his  paternal  estate ;  and 
died  March  28,  1855,  of  neuralgia,  with 
which  he  had  been  afflicted  for  twenty 
years. 

Armstrong,  James.— A.  native  of 
Pennsylvania;  distinguished  himself  in 
the  Indian  wars,  and  was  consulted  by  the 
proprietors  of  Pennsylvania  on  all  matters 
connected  with  Indian  affairs.  In  1776, 
Congress  promoted  him  from  the  rank  of 
Colonel  to  that  of  Brigadier-General,  and 
he  assisted  in  the  defence  of  Fort  Moul- 
trie,  and  in  the  battle  of  Germantown ;  in 
1777  he  resigned  his  commission  inconse 
quence  of  dissatisfaction  as  to  rank.  He 
was  subsequently  elected  a  Representa 
tive  to  Congress  from  Pennsylvania,  serv 
ing  from  1793  to  1795,  and  sustained  a 
number  of  other  honorable  offices.  He 
died  at  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  March  9, 
1795,  a  few  days  after  the  expiration  of 
his  term  in  Congress.  Was  brother  of 
John. 

Armstrong,  e/b7m.— He  was  born 
in  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  November  25, 
1755,  and  served  as  an  officer  in  the  Revo 
lutionary  war.  At  the  close  of  the  war, 
in  order  to  obtain  redress  for  the  griev 


ances  sustained  by  the  officers  of  the 
army,  he  prepared  the  celebrated  "  New- 
burgh  Letters."  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1778  and 
1787,  from  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was 
made  Secretary  of  State  and  Adjutant- 
General  of  the  State;  and  to  him  was 
intrusted  the  direction  of  the  last  Penn 
sylvania  war  against  the  Connecticut  set 
tlers  of  Wyoming.  Returning  to  New 
York,  he  was  sent  to  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States,  serving  from  1800  to  1804, 
when  he  resigned.  On  the  return  of 
Chancellor  Livingston  from  the  French 
embassy,  he  was  commissioned  Minister 
in  his  place  in  1804;  and  was  also  ap 
pointed  a  Commissioner  Plenipotentiary 
to  Spain.  Returning  to  his  own  country, 
he  was  appointed  a  Brigadier-General  in 
1812;  in  1813,  Secretary  of  War,  by  Pres 
ident  Madison,  which  position  he  re 
signed  in  consequence  of  difficulties  grow 
ing  out  of  the  capture  of  Washington. 
From  that  time  he  lived  in  retirement 
upon  his  estate  at  Red  Hook,  but  passed 
a  few  years  in  Maryland.  He  published  a 
brief  history  of  the  last  war  with  Eng 
land.  He  died  at  Red  Hook,  New  York, 
April  1,  1843. 

Armstrong,    William.  —  He    was 

born  in  Lisburn,  Antrim  County,  Ireland, 
December  23,  1782.  He  came  to  this 
country  in  1792;  had  a  limited  education; 
studied  law  in  Winchester,  Virginia ;  de 
voted  himself  to  mercantile  pursuits.  In, 
1813  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Mad 
ison,  Collector  for  the  Sixth  District  of 
Virginia;  in  1818  and  1819  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Virginia  House  of  Delegates ; 
in  1822  and  1823,  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Public  Works ;  and  in  1820  and  1824  he 
was  a  Presidential  Elector;  for  many 
years  a  Justice  of  the  Peace;  one  year 
High  Sheriff  of  Hampshire  County;  and 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1825  to  1833.  Since  that  time  he  has 
lived  in  retirement  in  the  pleasant  valley 
of  the  South  Branch  of  the  Potomac. 

Arnell,  Samuel  M.— He  was  born  in 
Maury  County,  Tennessee,  May  3,  1833; 
his  grandfather  having  been  a  soldier  in 
the  Revolution,  and  acquitted  himself 
with  credit  at  "King's  Mountain."  He 
was  educated  for  the  Church,  but  taught  a 
classic  school  and  studied  law;  in  1859  he 
went  into  the  business  of  manufacturing 
leather;  in  1861  he  took  an  active  interest 
in  putting  down  the  Rebellion,  and  suf 
fered  in  person  and  property  from  the 
Confederate  Army;  was  elected  to  the 
Tennessee  Legislature  and  advocated  the 
passage  of  the  Constitutional  Amendment 
in  1865  and  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  from  Tennessee  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  taking  his  seat  near  the  close 
of  the  first  session  and  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Public  Expenditures.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress ;  serving 


20 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


on  the  Committee  on  Accounts  and  as 
Chairman  of  that  on  Expenditures  in  the 
State  Department. 

Arnold,  Benedict.— He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Assembly  of  New  York,  from 
Amsterdam,  Montgomery  County,  in  1816 
and  1817,  and  was  a  liepreseutative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to 
1831. 

Arnold,  Isaac  N.—  Born  in  Hard- 
wicke,  Otsego  County,  New  York,  in 
November,  1815;  while  engaged  in  ac 
quiring  an  education,  he  taught  school, 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1835 ; 
in  1836  he  removed  to  Chicago,  Illinois ; 
in  1837  he  was  First  Clerk  of  the  City  of 
Chicago;  in  1843  he  was  elected  to  the 
Illinois  Legislature,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  canal  improvements ;  in  1844 
he  was  a  Presidential  Elector ;  was  for  a 
time  Attorney  for  the  Illinois  and  Michi 
gan  Canal ;  and  in  I860  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Illinois,  to  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman 
of  the  Select  Committee  on  the  Defences 
and  Fortifications  of  the  Great  Lakes  and 
Rivers.  In  1862  he  was  elected  for 
another  term  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Man 
ufactures,  and  as  Chairman  of  that  on 
Eoads  and  Canals.  In  May,  1865,  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Johnson  Sixth 
Auditor  of  the  Treasury;  and  in  1866  he 
published  a  "History  of  Abraham  Lin 
coln." 

Arnold,  JonatJian.—He  was  a  Del 
egate  from  Ehode  Island  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1782  to  1784. 

Arnold,  Lemuel  H.— Born  in  St. 
Johnsbury,  Vermont,  January  29,  1792, 
and  removed  to  Rhode  Island  at  an  early 
age.  He  graduated  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege,  in  1811;  was  educated  for  the  bar, 
but  turned  his  attention  to  mercantile 
pursuits.  In  1831,  he  was  elected  Gov 
ernor  of  Rhode  Island,  and  re-elected  in 
1832 ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  Governor's 
Council  during  the  Dorr  Rebellion  in  1842 ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1845  to  1847;  and  died  in  Kingston, 
Rhode  Island,  June  27,  1852. 

Arnold,  Peleg.—VLe  was  a  Delegate 
from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1787  and  1788. 

Arnold,  Samuel.—  He  was  born  in 
Haddam,  Middlesex  County,  Connecticut, 
June  1,  1806;  received  his  education  at 
Plainfield  Academy,  in  Connecticut,  and 
Westfleld  Academy,  in  Massachusetts; 
has  devoted  the  most  of  his  life  to  agri 
cultural  pursuits,  and  to  various  interests 
of  commerce;  having  also  for  many  years 
carried  on  one  of  the  most  extensive  stone 
quarries  in  the  Union.  He  was,  also,  for 


a  number  of  years,  President  of  the  Bank 
of  East  Haddam.  He  served  his  native 
County,  in  the  Legislature,  during  the 
years  1839,  1842,  1844,  and  1851,  and  was 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  a 
Representative  from  Connecticut,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 

Arnold,  Samuel  G. — Born  in  Provi 
dence,  Rhode  Island,  April  12,  1821 ;  grad 
uated  at  Brown  University  in  1841 ;  having 
taken  a  year  from  the  course  to  travel  in 
Europe  and  the  East ;  spent  two  years  in 
a  counting-house  in  Providence,  and 
again  visited  Europe ;  spent  two  years  at 
the  Harvard  Law  School,  and,  having 
graduated,  came  to  the  bar  in  1845;  but 
instead  of  practising,  again  visited  Eu 
rope,  and  also  South  America.  In  1852 
he  was  elected  Lieutenant-Govtruor  of 
Rhode  Island ;  in  1859  and  1860,  he  pub 
lished  the  "  History  of  the  State  of  Rhode 
Island,"  a  work  upon  which  he  had  long 
been  engaged;  in  1861,  he  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Peace  Convention,  and  again 
chosen  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the  State; 
and,  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion, 
he  took  the  field,  for  a  few  weeks,  in  com 
mand  of  a  battery  of  artillery,  as  aide-de 
camp  to  Governor  Sprague.  In  1862,  he 
was  again  elected  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  Rhode  Island,  and  was  soon  afterwards 
chosen  Senator  in  Congress  from  Rhode 
Island,  for  the  unexpired  term  of  J.  F. 
Simmons,  resigned,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Commerce  and  Claims. 

Arnold,     Thomas   D.  —  He   was 

elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Knox  County,  Tennessee,  from  1831 
to  1833,  and  for  a  second  term,  from  1841 
to  1843,  representing  Greenville  County ; 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on 
Elections  and  Claims. 

Arrington,    H.   Archibald.  —  He 

was  born  in  North  Carolina,  and  repre 
sented  that  State  in  Congress,  from  1841 
to  1845,  after  which  he  retired  to  private 
life.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Expenditures  in  the  War  Department. 

Ash,  Michael  W.—  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Naval  Affairs. 

AsJie,  John  Baptlste. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1790  to  1793 ;  was  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 
Government  on  the  Potomac ;  was  elected 
Governor  of  the  State  of  North  Carolina 
in  1801 ;  and  died  November  27, 1802.  He 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1787  and  1788. 

AsJte,  John  B. — He  was  a  son  of 
John  Baptiste,  and  was  elected  a  Repre- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


21 


sentative  in  Congress  from  Tennessee, 
from  1843  to  1845,  representing  the  Tenth 
District,  and  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Invalid  Pensions  and  Ex 
penditures  in  the  State  and  Treasury  De 
partments. 

Ashe,  William  S.— Born  in  Wil 
mington,  North  Carolina,  and  was  the  son 
of  John  Baptiste ;  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  served  in  the  State  Legislature 
in  1846,  and  was  re-elected  in  1848;  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1849  to  1853,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Expenditures  in  the  State  Department. 
Was  killed  on  a  railroad,  near  Wilmington, 
in  1864. 

Ashley,  Chester.— Rom  at Westfleld, 
Massachusetts,  June  1,  1790,  but  was  re 
moved  in  infancy  to  Hudson,  New  York, 
where  he  resided  until  he  reached  the  age 
of  twenty-seven.  He  then  went  to  Illinois, 
and  after  practising  law  in  that  State  for 
t\vo  years,  removed  to  the  Territory  of 
Arkansas,  and  established  himself  in  Lit 
tle  Rock,  then  a  mere  landing.  He  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ar 
kansas,  in  1844,  and  was  Chairman  of  the 
Judiciary  Committee  in  that  body.  He 
served  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
Washington  City,  April  29,  1848. 

Ashley,  Delos  M. —  He  received  a 
general  education  and  studied  law  in  Mon 
roe,  Michigan ;  went  to  California  in  1849, 
where  he  held  the  office  of  District  Attor 
ney  in  1851,  1852,  and  1853;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  California  Assembly  in  1854  and 
1855 ;  a  State  Senator  in  1856  and  1857 ; 
and  State  Treasurer  in  1862  and  1863. 
Early  in  1864  he  removed  to  Nevada,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  that 
State  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Mines  and  Mining,  and  on  that  on  Free 
Schools  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Public  Lauds. 

Ashley  Henry. — He  was  born  in 
Cheshire  County,  New  Hampshire,  and 
was  elected,  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Delaware  and  Greene  counties, 
New  York,  from  1825  to  1827. 

Ashley,  James  M. — Born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  November  14,  1824;  was  self- 
educated;  became  an  adventurer  at  the 
age  of  fifteen,  at  one  time  acting  as  clerk 
on  the  store-boats  of  the  Ohio  and  Missis 
sippi,  and  then  doing  service  in  a  printing- 
office.  He  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  of  Ohio  in  1849 ;  but,  instead 
of  practising  his  profession,  he  went  into 
the  business  of  boat-building,  and  was 
connected  with  the  press.  He  subse 
quently  settled  at  Toledo,  and  went  into 
the  wholesale  drug  business,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to 


the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Territories. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  and  made  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Territories,  and  also  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  of  Claims,  and  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Territories,  and 
under  his  immediate  supervision  the  Ter 
ritories  of  Arizona,  Idaho,  and  Montana 
were  organized.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  again  at  the  head 
of  the  Committee  on  Territories,  and  as  a 
member  of  those  on  Unfinished  Business 
and  Mines  and  Mining.  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention  "  of  1866  ;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Ashley,  William  JET.— Born  in  Pow- 
hatan  County,  Virginia,  and  emigrated  to 
Missouri,  then  Upper  Louisiana,  in  1808, 
and  settled  near  the  Lead  Mines.  In  1822, 
he  projected  the  scheme  of  the  "Moun 
tain  Expedition,"  by  uniting  the  Indian 
trade  in  the  Rocky  Mountains  with  the 
hunting  and  trapping  business.  He  en 
listed  about  three  hundred  hardy  men  in 
the  business,  and,  after  various  successes 
and  reverses,  having  sustained  numerous 
losses  by  Indian  robbery  and  river  disas 
ters,  he  and  his  associates  realized  a  hand 
some  fortune.  He  was  the  first  Lieutenant- 
Governor  of  Missouri,  after  it  became  a 
State,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1831  to  1837.  He  died  near  Boou- 
ville,  Missouri,  March  26,  1838. 

Ashmore,  John  D. — Born  in  Green 
ville  District,  South> Carolina,  August  7, 
1819 ;  served  as  a  merchant's  clerk  for 
several  years,  and  then  taught  school  until 
he  became  of  age ;  studied  law,  but,  in 
stead  of  following  that  profession,  turned 
his  attention  to  agriculture ;  when  quite 
young  filled  various  offices  in  the  State 
Militia ;  was  a  member  of  the  South  Car 
olina  Legislature  in  1848,  1850,  and  1852 ; 
in  1853,  he  was  elected  Comptroller-Gen 
eral  of  the  State  for  two  years,  and  re- 
elected  for  a  second  term ;  and  he  was 
subsequently  elected  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress.  Withdrew  in  December,  1860. 

Ashmun,  Eli  Porter.— He  was  a 

distinguished  lawyer,  and  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  and  Senate  of  Massachusetts ; 
and  was  elected,  in  1816,  to  succeed  Gen 
eral  Varnum  as  Senator,  from  that  State, 
in  Congress;  this  office  he  resigned  in 
1818.  He  died  at  Northampton,  Massa 
chusetts,  May  10,  1819,  aged  forty-eight. 

Ashmun,  George.— Born  in  Brand- 
ford,  Massachusetts,  December  25,  1804 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1823 ;  stud 
ied  law  and  settled  in  Springfield  in  1828. 
He  served  in  the  State  Legislature  during 


22 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


the  years  1833,  1835,  1836,  1838,  and  1841, 
officiating  as  Speaker  of  the  House  in  the 
latter  year.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1845  to  1851,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committees  on  the  Judi 
ciary,  Indian  Affairs,  and  on  Rules.  Since 
that  time  he  has  been  devoted  to  the  prac 
tice  of  his  profession.  In  1860  he  was 
elected  President  of  the  Chicago  Conven 
tion,  convened  to  nominate  a  President 
and  Vice-President,  and  was  subsequently 
appointed  a  Director  of  the  Union  Pacific 
Railroad.  In  1866  he  was  chosen  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union 
Convention,"  but  did  not  take  part  in  its 
proceedings. 

AtcUison,  David  12.— He  was  born 
in  Frogtowu,  Fayette  County,  Kentucky, 
August  11,  1807;  was  educated  for  the 
bar;  and  removed  to  Missouri  in  1830. 
He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that 
State  in  1834,  and  1838.  In  1841  he  was 
appointed  Judge  of  the  Platte  County 
Circuit  Court;  and,  during  the  year  1843 
was  appointed  a  Senator  of  Congress,  to 
which  position  he  was  twice  elected,  serv 
ing  until  1855,  frequently  at  the  head  of 
important  committees,  and  for  several 
sessions  as  President  pro  tempore  of  the 
Senate.  He  was  subsequently  devoted  to 
agricultural  pursuits. 

Atherton,     Charles    G.— He    was 

born  in  Amherst,  Ilillsborough  County, 
New  Hampshire,  July  4,  1804 ;  graduated 
at  Cambridge  in  1822;  studied  law,  but 
engaged  in  politics  when  quite  young. 
He  was  for  many  years  in  the  Legislature 
of  New  Hampshire,  and  for  three  years 
Speaker  of  the  House.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  i a  Congress  from  1837  to  1843; 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1843  to  1849 ; 
and  in  November,  1852,  he  was  re-elected 
a  Senator  to  fill  a  vacancy,  and  died  of 
apoplexy  in  Manchester,  New  Hampshire, 
November  15,  1853.  He  was  Chairman, 
in  the  Senate,  of  the  Committee  on  Fi 
nance,  and  was  identified  with  a  measure 
on  the  Supression  of  Petitions  in  regard 
to  the  subject  of  Slavery. 

Atherton,    Charles  H.  —  He   was 

born  in  Amherst,  New  Hampshire,  Au 
gust,  14,  1773,  and  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1794.  He  held  the  office  of 
Register  of  Probate  from  1798  to  1807; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1815  to  1817;  and  stood  at  the  head  of  the 
bar  in  Ilillsborough  County  for  many 
years.  He  died  in  Amherst,  January  8, 
1853. 

Atkins,  John  D.  C.—lIe  was  born 
in  Henry  County,  Tennessee,  on  the  4th 
of  June,  1825;  graduated  at  the  University 
of  East  Tennessee  in  1846;  was  elected  to 
the  lower  branch  of  the  Legislature  in 
1849  and  1851;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1855;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 


in  1856;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  in  1857,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Post 
Office  and  Post  Roads. 

Atkinson,  Archibald. — Born  in  Isle 
of  Wight  County,  Viriginia,  September 
13,  1792.  He  left  school  at  the  age  of 
eighteen,  and  entered  the  office  of  the 
Clerk  of  the  County  Court,  and  performed 
the  duties  of  copyist,  devoting  his  leisure 
time  to  the  study  of  law,  which  he  com 
pleted  at  the  Law  School  of  William  and 
Mary  College.  In  1813  he  joined  the 
troops  at  Norfolk,  as  ensign  of  a  volun 
teer  company  which  was  attached  to  the 
29th  Regiment,  and  was  at  the  battle  of 
Craney  Island.  Upon  leaving  the  army 
he  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in 
Smithfield,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Gen 
eral  Assembly  from  1815  to  1817,  and  also 
of  the  House  of  Delegates  and  State  Sen 
ate  for  several  years.  In  1843  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Virginia,  and  served  until  1848,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on 
Naval  Affairs  and  Commerce.  He  waa 
Prosecuting  Attorney  for  his  county 
twenty  years,  Mayor  of  Smithfleld,  and 
a  magistrate. 

At  Lee,  Samuel  John.— Was   a 

Delegate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  from  1778  to  1782. 

Austin,  Archibald.  —  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1817  to  1819. 

Averett,  Thomas  IT.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia;  was  a  resident  of  Halifax 
County,  and  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  the  Third  District  in  that 
State,  from  1849  to  1853,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions,  and  on  Revisal,  and  Unfinished 
Business. 

Averi/,  Daniel. — He  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1811  to  1815,  and  again  from, 
1816  to  1817.  Resided  in  Cayuga  County. 

Avery,  William  T.— Born  inMaury 
County,  Tennessee,  November  11,  1819, 
and  was  very  early  in  life  thrown  upon 
his  own  resources  for  education  and  sup 
port  ;  he  is  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Tennes 
see  in  1843.  He  held  several  creditable 
positions  in  his  native  State,  and  was 
chosen  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  Expenditures  in  the 
State  Department,  and  on  Private  Land 
Claims.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Private  Land  Claims. 

Axtell,  Samuel  J3. — Born  in  Frank- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOBDS. 


23 


liu  County,  Ohio,  October  14,  1819 ;  was  a 
student  at  the  Western  Reserve  College ; 
studied  and  practised  law ;  emigrated  to 
California  in  1851,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  that  State  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Commerce  and  Weights  and 
Measures. 

Aycrigg,  John  J?.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1837  to  1839,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Expenditures  in  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment,  and  the  Joint  Committee  on  the 
Library,  and  on  Invalid  Pensions.  In 
1844  he  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector ; 
and  he  was  a  candidate  for  election  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and  although  he 
came  with  the  "Broad  Seal"  of  New  Jer 
sey,  he  was  not  admitted. 

Babbitt,  Elijah.  —  Born  in  Provi 
dence,  Rhode  Island,  in  1796 ;  received  a 
common-school  and  academic  education, 
in  the  States  of  New  York  and  Pennsyl 
vania;  studied  law  in  the  latter  State, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824 ;  was 
Prosecuting  Attorney  for  the  State  in 
1833;  served  in  the  State  Legislature  in 
18.36  and  1837;  was  a  State  Senator  in 
1844  and  1845 ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Pensions.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress. 

BabcocJc,  Alfred.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1841  to  1843,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 

BabcocJc,  Leander. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

BabcocJc,  William.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1831  to  1833,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Public  Accounts. 

Bacon,  Ezekiel. — He  was  born  in 
Stockbridge,  Massachusetts,  in  1776; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1804;  the 
son  of  John  Bacon ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1805  and  1806 ;  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for 
the  Western  District  of  Massachusetts,  in 
1813;  First  Comptroller  of  the  United 
States  Treasury  from  1813  to  1815 ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1807  to  1813.  He  subse 
quently  removed  to  Utica,  New  York,  and 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1821. 

Bacon,  <ToJin.—He  was  born  in  Can 


terbury,  Connecticut,  in  1737;  graduated 
at  the  College  of  New  Jersey  in  1765; 
studied  theology,  and,  after  preaching  for 
a  time  in  Maryland,  removed  to  Massa 
chusetts,  and  settled  in  Boston.  Owing 
to  some  difficulties  with  his  congregation, 
he  relinquished  the  ministry,  and  subse 
quently  held  the  positions  of  magistrate, 
Representative  in  the  State  Legislature, 
Presiding  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  a  member  and  President  of  the 
State  Senate,  and  that  of  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1801  to  1803.  He  died  in  Berkshire  Coun 
ty,  October  25,  1820. 

Badger,  George  E.  —  Born  in  the 
town  of  Newborn,  North  Carolina,  in 
1795.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1813 ;  studied  and  practised  law ;  and  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1816.  In 
1820  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court,  which  he  resigned  in  1825. 
He  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Navy 
by  President  Harrison  in  1841 ;  and  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  in  1846, 
and  re-elected  in  1849  for  a  term  of  six 
3rears,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Mili 
tary  and  Naval  Affairs.  He  was  subse 
quently  wholly  devoted  to  the  practice  of 
his  profession,  visiting  Washington  oc 
casionally  to  argue  cases  in  the  Supremo 
Court  of  the  United  States.  Died  at 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  May  11,  18G6. 

Badger,  LutJier.—'Born  in  Part- 
ridgefleld,  Berkshire  County,  Massachu 
setts,  April  10,  1785,  but  his  father  re» 
moved  to  Broome  County,  New  York,  in 
1786.  Having  made  sufficient  acquaint 
ance  in  the  common  branches  of  an 
English  education,  he  entered  Hamilton 
College  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  and  spent 
two  years  there.  In  1807  he  commenced 
the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1812,  and  continued  to  practise  his 
profession  until  1824,  when  he  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress.  He  had  been  engaged  in  mili 
tary  services  in  his  State,  and  in  1819  was 
appointed,  by  Governor  Clinton,  Judge- 
Advocate  for  the  27th  Brigade  of  Infantry 
of  New  York  State,  which  office  he  held 
for  eight  years.  In  1832  he  resumed  the 
practice  of  law,  and  in  1840  was  appoint 
ed  Examiner  in  Chancery  and  Commis 
sioner  of  United  States  Loans,  which 
office  he  held  for  three  years.  From  1846 
to  1849  he  was  United  States  District  At 
torney  for  New  York. 

Baer,  George. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1797  to  1801,  and  again  from  1815  to  1817. 

Bagby,  Arthur  P.—  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,' in  1794;  was  liberally  educated; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  settled 
in  Alabama  in  1818 ;  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  in  1820  and  1822, 


24 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECOBDS. 


and  was  Speaker  of  the  House;  was  Gov 
ernor  of  Alabama  from  1837  to  1843 ;  and 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1812  to  1849.  His  last  public  posi 
tion  was  that  of  Minister  to  Bussia,  to 
which  he  was  appointed  in  1848.  He  died 
of  yellow  fever,  at  Mobile,  September  21, 
1858. 

Bailey,  Alexander  H.— Born  in 
Miuisink,  Orange  County,  New  York, 
August  14,  1817;"graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1838;  studied  and  practised 
law;  in  1840,  1841,  and  1842  he  was  Ex 
aminer  in  Chancery  for  Green  County; 
was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  at  Catskill  for 
four  years ;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Assembly  in  1849 ;  was  Judge  of  Greene 
County  for  four  years  from  1851;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate  from  1861  to 
18(J4;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  New  York  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
in  the  place  of  Roscoe  Conkling,  resigned, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Private 
Land  Claims  and  Expenditures  in  the  In 
terior  Department. 

Bailey,  David  J. — He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1855. 

Bailey,    Goldsmith   F.  —  Born  in 

"Westmoreland,  New  Hampshire,  July  17, 
1823 ;  finished  his  schooling  at  the  age  of 
sixteen;  became  a  printer  and  edited  a 
country  paper ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1848 ;  in  1856  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Massachu 
setts  ;  in  1S58  and  I860,  to  the  Senate  of 
the  State;  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Massachusetts,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress.  His  health  was  im 
paired  when  he  took  his  seat  in  Congress, 
and  he  died  at  Fitchburg,  Massachusetts, 
May  8,  1862. 

Bailey,  JfereiniaJi. — He  was  born 
at  Little  Compton,  Rhode  Island ;  gradu 
ated  at  Brown  University,  and  studied 
law.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
Legislature  from  1811  to  1814;  a  Judge 
of  Probate  from  1814  to  1835 ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Lincoln 
County,  Maine,  from  1835  to  1837,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Agriculture  and 
Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment.  He  was  also  Collector  of  Cus 
toms  at  Wiscasset,  from  1849  to  1853; 
and  died  in  July  of  that  year. 

Bailey,  John. — He  was  born  in  Nor 
folk  County,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature 
from  1815  to  1818;  a  clerk  in  the  Depart 
ment  of  State  for  a  year;  a  State  Senator 
in  1831  and  1834 ;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1823 
to  1831,  serving  on  the  Committees  oa 
Public  Expenditures  and  Expenditures  in 


the  State  Department;  and  died  at  Dor 
chester,  Massachusetts,  June  26,  1835. 

Bailey,  TJieodorus. — He  was  born 
in  1752 :  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1793  to  1797,  and 
again  from  1799  to  1803;  and  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  1803  to  1804,  when  he  re 
signed,  and  was  appointed  Postmaster  of 
New  York  City.  He  died  September  G, 
1828. 

Baily,  Joseph.  —  He  was  born  on 
the  Brandywine  battle-ground,  Chester 
County,  Pennsylvania,  March  18,  1810; 
received  a  limited  education  through  his 
own  exertions,  on  account  of  the  moder 
ate  circumstances  of  his  father,  and  was 
early  apprenticed  to  a  mechanical  branch 
of  business,  which  was  his  first  step  to 
eminent  success.  From  1839  to  1845  he 
represented  his  native  county  in  both 
branches  of  the  Legislature,  and  from 
1850  to  1854  represented  Perry  County  in 
the  State  Senate.  In  1854  he  was  Treas 
urer  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  and  in 
1860  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Ag 
riculture  and  Printing.  He  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  same  Committees ;  and  he 
was  one  of  the  twelve  Democrats  in  Con 
gress  who  voted  for  the  Constitutional 
Amendment  abolishing  slavery. 

BaJcer,  Caleb.— He  was  born  in 
Providence,  Rhode  Island;  served  four 
years  in  the  New  York  Assembly;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1821. 

BaJcer,  David  J". — He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  from  1830 
to  1831. 

BaJcer,  Edward  D. — "Was  born  in 
England,  brought  to  this  country  when 
a  child,  and  was  early  left  an  orphan  in 
Philadelphia.  His  father  was  a  weaver, 
and  when  a  boy  he  worked  at  that  busi 
ness  himself.  He  obtained  an  education 
under  many  difficulties;  first  studied  for 
the  ministry,  but  soon  turned  his  atten 
tion  to  the  law,  becoming  famous  as  an 
advocate  in  Illinois,  to  which  State  he 
emigrated  in  his  nineteenth  year.  After 
serving  in  the  Illinois  Legislature  for  two 
years,  he  resigned,  and,  in  1846,  went  to 
Mexico  as  a  Colonel  of  Volunteers,  ac 
quitting  himself  with  credit  at  Cerro  Gor- 
do.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Illinois,  from  1849  to  1851; 
after  which,  he  took  an  active  part  in  the 
building  of  the  Panama  Railroad ;  in  1852 
he  settled  in  San  Francisco,  devoting 
himself  to  his  profession;  he  subsequent 
ly  removed  to  Oregon,  which  State  he 
represented  as  a  Senator  in  Congress, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


25 


taking  his  seat  in  March,  1861.  At  the 
outbreak  of  the  Eebeliion,  in  1861,  he 
raised  a  body  of  men  iii  Philadelphia, 
called  the  California  Regiment,  and  while 
gallantly  leading  them  in  battle  at  Lees- 
burg,  Virginia,  against  a  superior  force, 
he  was  shot  from  his  horse  and  killed, 
October  21,  1861. 

Baker,  Ezra.— lie  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1815  to  1817. 

Baker,  John. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1811  to  1813.  He  was  a  lawyer,  and  died 
in  Shepherdstown,  Virginia,  August  18, 
1823. 

Baker,  Jehu.— He  was  born  in  Fay- 

ette  County,  Kentucky,  November  4, 1822; 
received  a  good  education,  studied  law 
and  adopted  it  as  a  profession,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Illinois  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims, 
and  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment,  and  on  the  Special  Committee  on 
the  Civil  Service.  Re-elected  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Education  and  Labor  and  Freed- 
meu's  Affairs. 

Baker,   Osmyn.—Ke  was  born   in 

Amherst,  Massachusetts,  May  18,  1800; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1822 ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  his  native 
State,  from  1839  to  1845.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature 
in  1833  and  1834 ;  State  Councillor  in  1853 
and  1854. 

Baker,  Stephen.— He  was  born  in 
the  City  of  New  York,  August  12,  1819; 
at  an  early  age  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits,  from  which  he  retired,  in  1849, 
to  a  country  seat  in  Duchess  County,  New 
York;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  New  York  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Roads  and  Canals  and  on  Patents. 

Baldwin,  Abraham. — Was  a  native 
of  Connecticut,  and  a  graduate  of  Yale 
College  in  1772,  and  from  1775  to  1779  he 
was  a  tutor  in  that  institution.  Hav 
ing  studied  law,  he  settled  in  Savannah, 
Georgia,  and,  soon  after  his  arrival  there, 
he  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture.  He  originated  the  plan  of  the  Uni 
versity  of  Georgia,  drew  up  the  charter, 
and  persuaded  the  Assembly  to  adopt  it, 
and  was  for  some  time  its  President.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1785  to  1788,  and  a  member 
of  the  Convention  which  framed  the  Con 
stitution  of  the  United  States,  which  he 
duly  signed.  From  1789  to  1799  he  was  a 


Representative  in  Congress  from  Georgia, 
and  from  1799  to  1807  he  was  a  member 
of  the  United  States  Senate,  part  of  the 
time  President  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate. 
He  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locat 
ing  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Poto 
mac.  He  died  March  4,  1807,  aged  fifty- 
three  years. 

Baldwin,  Augustus  C. — Was  born 
in  Salina,  New  York,  December  24,  1817 ; 
received  a  common-school  education,  and 
having  lost  his  father  when  young,  be 
came  dependent  upon  his  own  efforts  for 
support ;  in  1837  he  emigrated  to  Michi 
gan  and  settled  in  Oakland  County;  stud 
ied  law,  and  at  the  same  time  taught 
school,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1842.  In 
1844  and  1846  he  was  elected  to  the  Legis 
lature  of  Michigan ;  in  1853  and  1854  was 
Prosecuting  Attorney  for  his  adopted 
county ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Charleston 
and  Baltimore  Conventions  of  1860;  and 
in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Michigan,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Agriculture  and  Expenditures  in  the  In 
terior  Department.  Was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Chicago  Convention  in  1864 ;  and  to 
the  Philadelphia  "National  Union  Con 
vention  "  of  1866. 

Baldwin,  Henry.— He  was  born  iu 
New  Haven,  Connecticut,  in  1779 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1797 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1817  to  1822,  when  he  re 
signed.  He  was  a  distinguished  lawyer, 
and  was  for  many  years  Associate  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States.  He  died  in  Philadelphia,  April 
21,  1844. 

Baldwin,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Windham,  Connecticut;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1825  to  1829,  serving  on  one  stand 
ing  and  one  select  committee. 

Baldwin,  John  D.— Was  born  in 

North  Stonington,  Connecticut,  Septem 
ber  28,  1810;  graduated  at  Yale  College, 
receiving  the  degree  of  A.M. ;  read  law, 
but  never  practised ;  went  through  a 
course  of  theological  studies,  devoted 
himself  to  literary  pursuits,  and  published 
a  volume  entitled  "Raymond  Hill  and 
other  Poems."  In  1842  he  became  asso 
ciated  with  the  press,  first  iu  Hartford, 
and  then  in  Boston,  and  was  editor  of  the 
"  Daily  Commonwealth,"  a  writer  for  the 
"Advertiser,"  and  subsequently  became 
the  proprietor  of  the  "Worcester  Spy." 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Chicago  Con 
vention  of  1860,  and  iu  1862  he  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  Massachusetts, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Expenditures,  on 
Public  Buildings,  and  on  Printing;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 


26 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia  and  Expenditures  on 
the  Public  Buildings.  He  has  for  many 
years  been  particularly  devoted  to  the 
study  of  ancient  history,  and  is  the  author 
of  a  work  on  that  subject,  not  yet  pub 
lished.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention "  of 
1866 ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Library. 

Baldwin,  Roger  Sherman.— Born 

at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  January  4, 
1793;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1811; 
studied  law  at  Litchfield  Law  School; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and 
established  himself  in  practice  at  New- 
Haven,  where  he  continued  to  reside.  In 
1837  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate ; 
re-elected  in  1838,  and  chosen  President 
pro  tern,  of  that  body,  and  was  a  Trustee 
of  Yale  College  in  1838  and  1839.  In  1840 
and  1841  he  was  a  Representative  in  the 
General  Assembly,  and  in  the  latter  year 
was  associated  with  J.  Q.  Adams  in  the 
argument  before  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States,  in  the  case  of  the  Afri 
cans  of  the  Amistad.  In  1844  and  1845  he 
was  Governor  of  the  State,  and  in  1847 
was  appointed,  and  in  1848  elected,  to  the 
United  States  Senate  by  the  Legislature 
of  Connecticut,  serving  until  1851.  He 
subsequently  engaged  in  his  profes 
sional  duties.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
the  Peace  Congress  of  1861,  and  also  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  that  year,  and  died 
in  New  Haven,  February  10,  1863. 

Baldwin,  Simeon.—  Born  at  Nor 
wich,  Connecticut,  December  14,  1761 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1781.  In 
1783  he  was  appointed  tutor  at  the  Col 
lege,  and  continued  in  that  station  until 
1786,  when  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
New  Haven,  and  commenced  the  practice 
of  law.  From  1790  to  1803  he  was  Clerk 
of  the  District  and  Circuit  Courts  of  the 
United  States;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1803  to 
1805,  and  declined  a  re-election.  In  1806 
lie  was  appointed,  by  the  Legislature,  As 
sociate  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  and 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Errors,  and  held 
the  office  until  1817.  In  1822  was  chosen 
by  the  General  Assembly  one  of  the  Com 
missioners  to  locate  the  Farmington  Ca 
nal,  and  was  made  President  of  that 
Board.  In  1826  was  elected  Mayor  of 
New  Haven.  In  1830  he  resigned  his 
office  as  Commissioner.  He  died  in  New 
Haven,  May  26,  1851. 

Ball,  Edward. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1853  to  1855, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress.  He  was  subsequently  elected 
Sergeant-at-Arms  in  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives. 


Ball,  William  Lee.— Born  in  Lan 
caster  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1817  to  1824.  Died  in  Washington, 
February  28,  1824,  aged  forty-five  years. 

Banister,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  Virginia  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1778  to  1779,  and  signed  the 
Articles  of  Confederation. 

BanJcs,  John. — "Was  born  in  Juniata 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1793;  was 
brought  up  on  his  father's  farm,  but  re 
ceived  a  classical  education ;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  settled 
in  the  western  part  of  the  State ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1831  to  1836,  when  he 
resigned  to  accept  the  appointment  of 
President  Judge  of  the  Third  Judicial 
District  of  the  State ;  in  1841  was  the 
Whig  Candidate  for  Governor,  but  failed 
to  be  elected;  and  in  1847  he  resigned  the 
judgeship  and  became  the  State  Treasurer. 
He  was  subsequently  engaged  in  the  prac 
tice  of  his  profession,  and  died  at  Read 
ing,  on  the  3d  of  April,  1864. 

BanJcs,  Linn. — Born  in  Virginia,  and 
was  for  twenty  successive  years  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Delegates  of  that  State, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Virginia,  from  1838  to  1842,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims.  He 
was  found  drowned  in  a  stream  in  Madi 
son  County,  Virginia,  February  24,  1842. 

BanJcs,  Nathaniel  P.  —Born  iu 
Waltham,  Massachusetts,  January  30, 
1816,  of  poor  but  respectable  parents, 
operatives  in  a  factory.  He  had  no  ad 
vantages  but  those  afforded  by  the  com 
mon  school,  but  he  became  a  lover  of 
books  at  an  early  day.  His  first  venture 
before  the  public  was  in  the  capacity  of 
newspaper  editor  in  his  native  town,  and 
he  followed  the  same  pursuit  at  Lowell. 
He  studied  law,  but  did  not  practise  to 
any  great  extent,  and  in  1848  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Massachu 
setts,  serving  in  both  houses,  and  officiat 
ing  for  a  time  as  Speaker.  He  was  chosen 
President  of  the  Convention  held  in  1853, 
for  revising  the  Constitution  of  Massa 
chusetts,  and  was  soon  afterwards  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  serving 
from  1853  to  1857,  when  he  was  elected 
Governor  of  Massachusetts,  by  a  majority 
of  24,000.  During  his  second  term  in 
Congress  he  was  elected  Speaker  of  the 
House,  after  a  remarkable  contest,  and  it  is 
said  that  not  one  of  his  decisions  was 
ever  overruled  by  the  House.  He  was 
elected  Governor  of  Massachusetts,  for  a 
second  term,  in  1858,  and  for  a  third  term 
in  1859.  During  the  Rebellion  of  1861- 
'64,  he  served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  Ma 
jor-General  of  Volunteers,  and  saw  much 
service  in  the  field ;  and  in  18G5  he  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


27 


elected  a  Representative,  from  Massachu 
setts,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  in 
the  place  of  D.  W.  Gooch,  resigned,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  the  Death  of 
President  Lincoln,  and  Rules,  and  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  He  was  also  one  of  the  Repre 
sentatives  designated  to  attend  the  funeral 
of  General  Scott  in  1866 ;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866,  and  of  the  "  Soldiers'  Con 
vention  "  held  at  Pittsburg ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Barber,  Levi.  —  He  was  born  in 
Litchfleld  County,  Connecticut,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1817  to  1819,  and  again  from  1821  to 
1823. 

Barber,  Noi/es.  —  He  was  born  in 
Groton,  Connecticut,  April  28,  1781 ;  was 
in  early  life  a  merchant,  but  a  lawyer  by 
profession ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  his  native  State,  from 
1821  to  1835.  He  died  at  Groton,  January 
3,  1845.  He  was  a  man  of  ability,  and 
while  in  Congress  accomplished  much 
good  for  his  native  State,  where  he  was 
universally  respected  as  a  inau  and  a 
statesman. 

Barbour,  James.— A.  native  of  Vir 
ginia  ;  was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Del 
egates,  and  Governor  of  that  State ;  and 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1815  to  1825, 
officiating  as  President  pro  tern,  of  the 
Senate,  as  Chairman  on  the  Committees 
on  Foreign  Relations  and  the  District  of 
Columbia,  and  serving  on  other  important 
committees.  He  was  appointed  Secretary 
of  War  in  1825,  and  Minister  to  England 
in  1828.  He  died  in  Orange  County,  Vir 
ginia,  June  8,  1842,  aged  sixty-six  years. 

Barbour,  John  S.  —  Born  in  Cul- 
pepper  County,  Virginia,  in  1810,  and  died 
in  Culpepper  County,  Virginia,  January  12, 
1855.  He  was  in  early  life  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature ;  was  from  1823  to  1833  a 
member  of  Congress  from  Virginia ;  again 
in  the  State  Legislature  in  1833-'34 ;  and 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention 
in  1S29-'30.  He  was  a  gentleman  of  much 
ability,  and  exercised  considerable  influ 
ence  in  the  public  affairs  of  his  State. 

Barbour,  Lucien. — He  was  born  in 
Canton,  Connecticut,  March  4,  1811; 
graduated  at  Amherst  College  in  1837, 
having,  while  receiving  his  own  educa 
tion,  been  a  teacher  himself;  he  removed 
to  Indiana,  studied  law,  and  settled  in  the 
practice  at  Indianapolis.  He  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Polk,  United  States 
District  Attorney;  acted  a  number  of 
times  as  arbitrator  between  the  State  of 
Indiana  and  private  corporations ;  in  1852 
was  appointed  a  Commissioner  to  prepare 
a  code  of  practice  for  the  State ;  and  was 


a  Representative,  from  Indiana,  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress ;  since  which  time 
he  has  been  devoted  to  his  profession. 

Barbour,  Philip  P.— Born  in  1779 ; 
was  educated  for  the  law,  in  the  practice 
of  which  he  was  successful;  he  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1814  to  1825 ;  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  in  1821 ;  in  1825  he  was 
appointed  Judge  of  the  Eastern  District 
of  Virginia ;  was  again  in  Congress  from 
1827  to  1830,  officiating  as  Chairman  of 
the  Judiciary  Committee ;  and  in  1836 
was  appointed  by  President  Jackson  an 
Associate  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States.  He  died  in  Washing 
ton  City,  of  ossification  of  the  heart,  Feb 
ruary  25,  1841. 

Barclay,  David. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  his  native  State,  from 
1855  to  1857. 

Bard,  David. — He  was  a  graduate 
of  Princeton  College  in  1773,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1795  to  1799,  and  again  from 
1803  to  1815.  Died  in  Virginia  in  1815. 

Barker,  Abraham  A.  —  Born  in 
Lovel,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  March  30, 
1816;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ; 
was  early  a  strenuous  advocate  of  tem 
perance  and  anti-slavery;  removed  to 
Pennsylvania  in  1854,  and  devoted  him 
self  to  the  lumber  and  mercantile  busi 
ness  ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Chicago  Con 
vention  of  1860,  and  in  1864  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Claims. 

BarJcer,  David.— He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from 
1827  to  1829,  and  died  in  Rochester,  New 
Hampshire,  April  1,  1834,  aged  thirty- 
seven  years. 

BarJcer,  Joseph.  —  He  commenced 
his  classical  studies  at  Harvard  Univer 
sity,  and  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1771 ;  was  an  ordained  Preacher  of  the 
Gospel ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1805  to 
1809.  He  died  in  1815,  aged  sixty-four 
years. 

BarJesdale,  William.  —  Born  in 
Rutherford  County,  Tennessee,  August 
21, 1821,  and  pursued  a  partial  course  of 
studies  at  the  Nashville  University.  He 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  held  a  com 
mission  in  the  staff  of  the  2d  Mississippi 
Regiment,  in  the  Mexican  war,  in  1847; 
was  a  member  of  the  Mississippi  Conven 
tion  called  in  1851  to  discuss  the  Compro- 


28 


B10GBAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


mise  measures  of  1850;  and  was  elected 
Representative,  from  Mississippi,  in  the 
Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth, 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses;  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  Joined  the  Great  Rebellion  in 
1861,  and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Get 
tysburg  in  1863. 

Barlow,  Stephen.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1827  to  1829,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Agriculture. 

Barnard,  Daniel  Dewey.—'Ke  was 

born  in  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts, 
in  1797;  graduated  at  Williams  College  in 
1818 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  in  New  York,  in  1821 ;  in  1826 
was  elected  District  Attorney  for  the 
County  of  Monroe,  New  York ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1827  to  1829,  and  again  from 
1839  to  1845,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Judiciary  Committee.  In  1850  he  was  ap 
pointed  Minister  to  Prussia.  He  devoted 
much  attention  to  literary  pursuits,  and 
the  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred  upon 
him  by  the  colleges  of  Geneva  and  New 
York.  Died  at  Albany,  April  24,  1861. 

Barnard,  Isaac  D.— He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1827  to  1831,  and  died  at  West  Chester, 
Pennsylvania,  February,  1834. 

Barnes,  Demas. — He  was  born  in 
Gorham  township,  Ontario  County,  New 
York,  April  4,  1827,  received  an  academi 
cal  and  classical  education ;  spent  his  boy 
hood  on  a  farm ;  became  a  clerk  in  a 
country  store ;  subsequently  a  merchant, 
and,  in  his  twenty-second  year,  he  re 
moved  to  New  York  city,  w*here  he  fol 
lowed  the  drug  and  medicine  business, 
with  branch  houses  in  New  Orleans  and 
Montreal.  After  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  as  Presi 
dent  of  several  incorporated  companies, 
he  crossed  the  American  continent  in  a 
wagon,  examining  the  mineral  resources 
of  Colorado,  Nevada,  and  California ;  and 
in  18G6  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  New  York  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Banking 
and  Currency,  and  Education  and  Labor. 

Barnett,  William.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Georgia,  from  1812  to  1815,  when  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  Commissioners  to 
run  the  Creek  boundary  line. 

Barney,  John.—  He  was  a  son  of 

Commodore  Joshua  Barney,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1825  to  1827.  He  died  in  Washington, 
District  of  Columbia,  January  26,  1857* 
aged  seventy-two  years.  He  was  known 
in  Washington  society  for  many  years  as 


an  agreeable  gentleman ;  and  he  left  be 
hind  him  an  unfinished  record  of  "Per 
sonal  Recollections  of  Men  and  Things," 
both  in  this  country  and  Europe. 

Barnitz,   Charles  A. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1833  to  1835,  and  died  at 
York,  in  that  State,  in  March,  1850. 

Barnum,   William  H.  —  He  was 

born  in  Connecticut,  September  17,  1818; 
received  a  common-school  education,  and 
when  eighteen  years  of  age  lie  became 
engaged  in  business  pursuits,  and  was  for 
many  years  largely  engaged  in  the  pro 
duction  of  iron  from  the  ore,  and  in  the 
manufacture  of  car-wheels.  In  1852  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ;  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Union 
National  Convention "  of  1866 ;  and  in 
April,  1867,  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  iFortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Manufactures,  and  Roads  and  Canals. 

Barnwell,  Robert.— Tic  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Car 
olina,  1791  to  1793. 

Barnwell,  R.  W.—Kc  was  born  in 
South  Carolina;  graduated  at  Harvard 
University  in  1821 ;  studied  law,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1829  to  1833 ;  was  Presi 
dent  of  the  South  Carolina  College  from 
1835  to  1843,  and  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  in  1850,  by  appointment,  to  fill  a 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Franklin 
H.  Elmore.  In  December,  1860,  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  Commissioners  to 
visit  Washington  in  behalfi  of  South  Car 
olina,  and  served  as  a  member  of  the 
"Confederate"  Congress. 

Barr,  Thomas  «7.  —  Born  in  New 
York  City  in  1812 ;  commenced  life  by  de 
voting  himself  to  a  variety  of  pursuits ; 
from  1835  to  1842  he  held  the  position  of 
a  landlord  in  New  Jersey;  in  1849  and 

1850  he    was    an     Assistant    Alderman 
in  the  City   Councils  of  New  York;    in 
1853  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  taking 
his  seat  during  the  second  session  of  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Expenses 
in    the    State    Department.      He    subse 
quently  held  an  office  in  New  York  con 
nected  with  the  Custom  House. 

Barrere,  Nelson. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 

1851  to  1853. 

Barrett,  «7.  Richard.  —  Born  in 
Kentucky,  and  removing  to  Missouri  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  that  State 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


29 


to  the  Thirty-Sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  ou  Public 
Lauds. 

Barringer,  Daniel  L.  —  Born  in 
Mecklenburg  County,  North  Carolina,  Oc 
tober  1,  1788;  had  a  good  classical  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law,  and  practised  with  suc 
cess  in  Wake  County ;  served  in  the  Leg 
islature  of  North  Carolina  in  1813,  and 
again  from  1819  to  1822;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1826  to  1835.  He  was  also  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1844.  He  subse 
quently  removed  to  Tennessee,  and  was 
elected  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  of  that  State.  He  died  October 
16,  1852. 

Barringer,   Daniel    Moreau.  — 

Was  born  in  Cabarras  County,  North  Car 
olina,  and  graduated  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1826;  he  selected  the 
law  as  a  profession,  having  commenced  to 
practise  in  18?9.  In  that  year  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  in  which  position  he  continued  for  a 
number  of  years.  In  1835  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  a  Contention  to  amend  the  State 
Constitution.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from 
1843  to  1849,  when  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Taylor  Minister  to  Spain,  and 
continued  in  that  mission  by  President 
Fillmore.  On  resigning  his  position  as 
minister,  after  serving  four  years,  he 
travelled  extensively  in  Europe,  and,  on 
his  return  home,  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  in  1855,  having  declined 
a  re-election,  retired  to  private  life,  de 
voting  himself  to  literary  studies  and 
pursuits.  He  was  also  elected  a  Delegate 
to  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861,  and  also  to 
the  Philadelphia  "National  Union  Con 
vention  "of  1866. 

Barrow,  Alexander.  —  Born  in 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  in  1801,  where, 
after  completing  his  education,  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  he  soon  after  removed 
to  Louisiana,  gave  up  the  practice  of  law, 
and  turned  his  attention  to  planting.  He 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Louisiana,  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Louisiana,  from  1841  to 
1846.  Died  December  29,  1846. 

Barrotv,  Washington. — He  was  a 

native  of  Tennessee ;  a  lawyer  by  educa 
tion  and  profession.  In  1841  was  ap- 
pointed  American  Charge  d' Affaires  to 
Portugal,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1847  to 
1849,  serving  on  the  Committee  for  the 
District  of  Columbia.  During  the  Rebel 
lion  he  was  arrested  by  the  Governor 
of  Tennessee  for  alleged  disloyalty ;  but 
was  soon  released  by  order  of  President 
Lincoln.  Died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri, 
October  19,  1866. 


Barry,  William  S.~  He  was  born 
in  Mississippi,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  that  State  from  1853  to 
1855.  Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Barry,  William  T.—  He  was  born 
in  Fairfax  County,  Virginia,  March  18, 
1780;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Kentucky,  from  1814  to  1816,  having 
previously  served  in  the  State  Legislature 
as  Speaker,  and  during  the  years  1810  and 
1811  been  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  the  same  State.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  President  Jackson's  cabinet, 
as  Postmaster-General  (the  flrst,  as  such, 
admitted  to  that  honor),  and  at  the  time 
of  his  death,  which  occurred  in  Liver 
pool,  England,  August  30,  1835,  he  was 
Minister  Plenipotentiary  of  the  United 
States  to  Spain. 

Barstoiv,   Gamaliel  H.—  He  was 

Treasurer  of  the  State  of  New  York  from 
1825  to  1838;  served  three  years  in  the 
Assembly  of  New  York;  four  years  in  the 
State  Senate,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1831  to 
1833.  Died  at  Nichols,  New  York,  in 
April,  1865,  aged  eighty  years. 

Barstoiv,  Gideon.  —  A  native  of 
Massachusetts;  was  a  member  of  both 
branches  of  the  Legislature  of  that  State, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1S21  to  1823.  He  died  in  St.  Augustine, 
Florida,  where  he  had  gone  for  his  health, 
March  26,  1852,  aged  sixty-nine  years. 

Bartlett,  Bailey.  —  He  was  Sheriff 
of  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  for 
many  years,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1797  to 
1801,  having  succeeded  T.  Bradbury. 

Bartlett,  Ichabod.—Ke  was  born  in 
Salisbury,  Merrimack  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  in  1786;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1808  ;  studied  law,  and  settled 
in  Portsmouth,  where  he  was  eminently 
successful  in  his  profession,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1823  to  1829,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs.  He  was 
also  frequently  in  the  State  Legislature, 
and  a  member  of  the  Convention  to  re 
vise  the  State  Constitution.  He  died  in 
Portsmouth,  October  19,  1853. 


Bartlett,  Jbstaft.—  Was  born  in  New 
Hampshire  in  1768,  and  died  at  Stratham, 
in  that  State,  April  14,  1838.  He  was  a 
physician  of  extensive  practice,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1811  to  1813;  also  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1792,  and  1825.  His 
father,  bearing  the  same  name,  was  a  man 
of  note,  and  the  flrst  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire  after  the  adoption  of  the 
Federal  Constitution. 


30 


EIOGItAPIIICAL    ItECOKDS. 


Bartlett,  Josiah.—Born  in  Ames- 
bury,  Massachusetts,  in  November,  1727, 
and  died  May  19,  1795.  He  was  educated 
for  the  medical  profession ;  held  commis 
sions,  both  military  and  civil,  under  the 
royal  government ;  accompanied  Stark  to 
Benningtou  as  medical  agent ;  was  a  Del 
egate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1775  to  1779,  and 
signed  the  Articles  of  Confederation ;  was 
appointed  in  the  latter  year  Chief  Justice 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  Justice  of 
the  Superior  Court  in  1784,  and  Chief  Jus 
tice  in  1788.  In  1790  he  was  appointed 
President  of  New  Hampshire,  and  elected 
.  by  the  people  in  1791  and  1792.  In  1793 
he  was  elected  Governor  of  New  Hamp 
shire  under  the  Constitution,  serving  two 
years;  and  he  was  the  President  of  a 
Medical  Society  established  by  his  efforts 
in  1791. 

Bartlett,   Thomas,  Jr.  —  He  was 

born  in  Vermont ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853. 
He  served  three  years  in  the  State  Legis 
lature,  both  houses ;  was  County  Attor 
ney  in  1839  and  1841;  and  President  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1850. 

Hartley,  Mordecai.—He  was  born 
in  Fayette  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1823  to  1831,  and  Governor  of  Ohio 
from  1844  to  1846. 

Barton,  David.— He  was  one  of  the 

first  emigrants  to  the  Territory  of  Mis 
souri  ;  President  of  the  Convention  which 
met  to  form  a  State  Constitution  in  1820; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Mis 
souri,  from  1821  to  1831,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lauds ; 
and  was  a  man  of  distinguished  talents. 
Died  near  Boonville,  Missouri,  September 
28,  1S37. 

Barton,  Richard  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843.  He  also  served  in  the  State  Legis 
lature,  and  was  the  flrst  President  of  the 
Valley  Agricultural  Society.  Died  in 
Frederick  County,  Virginia,  March  15, 
1859. 

Barton,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  served  three  years  in  the  As- 
scmbly  of  that  State,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  1835  to  1837. 

BasJiford,  Coles.— Born  near  Cold 
Spring,  Putnam  County,  New  York,  Jan 
uary  24,  1816;  educated  at  the  Genesee 
Wesleyan  Seminary;  studied  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1842 ;  in  1847  elected 
District  Attorney  for  Wayne  County; 
resigned  his  office  in  1850,  and  removed 


to  "Wisconsin ;  in  1852  he  was  chosen  to 
the  Senate  of  that  State ;  was  re-elected, 
but  resigned,  in  1855 ;  in  1856  he  was 
elected  Governor  of  Wisconsin.  In  1863 
he  removed  to  Arizona;  was  Attorney- 
General  of  that  Territory  from  1864  to 
1866;  was  a  member  and  also  President 
of  the  Territorial  Council;  and  in  1866 
was  elected  a  Delegate  from  Arizona  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Basset,  Richard. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  from  Delaware  of  the  Convention 
which  formed  the  Constitution,  and  signed 
that  instrument;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1797,  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1789  to  1793,  having  been  the 
first  man  who  cast  his  vote  for  locating 
the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 
He  was  also  a  Justice  of  the  Federal  Su 
preme  Court,  Governor  of  Delaware  from 
1798  to  1801,  and  died  in  September,  1815. 

Bassett,  Burtvell. — He  was  born  in 
New  Kent  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1805  to  1813,  from  1815  to 
1819,  and  from  1821  to  1831. 

Bateman,  TZpliraim.—  He  was  born 
in  Cumberland,  New  Jersey;  was  well 
educated,  and  adopted  the  profession  of 
medicine;  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1826  to  1829,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Ag 
riculture  and  Enrolled  Bills ;  having  pre 
viously  been  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  1815  to  1823,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Post  Office  and  Ac 
counts.  He  was  elected  to  the  Senate  by 
his  own  vote  in  joint  meeting  of  the 
Legislature,  and  a  Committee  of  the  Sen 
ate  reported  that  his  election  was  entirely 
legal.  Died  January  21,  1829. 

Bates,  Edward.  —  Was  born  Sep 
tember  4,  1793,  at  Belmont,  Goochlaud 
County,  Virginia.  His  education  was 
commenced  by  his  father,  and  succeeded 
by  several  years  of  academic  instruction, 
mostly  at  Charlotte  Hall,  Maryland,  and 
finished  by  an  accomplished  private  tutor. 
In  early  youth  he  declined  a  midshipman's 
warrant,  and  served,  in  1813,  at  Norfolk, 
in  the  Virginia  Militia,  from  February  to 
October.  In  1814  he  migrated  to  St. 
Louis,  there  studied  law,  and  began  to 
practise  in  1816.  In  1818  he  was  appoint 
ed  Prosecuting' Attorney  for  that  Circuit; 
in  1820  was  a  Delegate  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention,  and  was  the  same 
year  appointed  Attorney-General  of  the 
new  State  of  Missouri.  He  resigned  that 
office  in  1822,  and  was  elected  to  the  lower 
branch  of  the  State  Legislature.  In  1824 
he  was  appointed  by  President  Monroe 
United  States  Attorney  for  the  Missouri 
District;  in  1826  resigned,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Missouri,  serving  from  1827  to  1829, 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


31 


In  1830  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate,  and  iu  1834  again  to  the  lower 
house  of  the  Legislature.  In  1835,  being 
enfeebled  by  sedentary  labor,  he  moved  to 
the  country,  and  practised  law  for  seven 
years,  travelling  much  on  horseback 
around  the  prairies.  In  1842  he  returned 
to  St.  Louis,  and  in  1850  he  was  appointed 
by  President  Fillmore  Secretary  of  War, 
but  declined  the  office.  In  1853  was 
elected  Judge  of  the  St.  Louis  Land 
Court,  which  office  he  resigned  in  1856. 
During  that  year  he  presided  at  the  Whig 
Convention  of  Baltimore,  and  iu  1858  re 
ceived  from  Harvard  University  the  de 
gree  of  LL.D.  In  18G1  he  was  appointed 
Attorney-General  in  President  Lincoln's 
Cabinet. 

Bates,  Isaac  C. — Born  at  Granville, 
Massachusetts,  in  1780,  and  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1802.  He  studied  law 
and  attained  a  high  position  as  an  advo 
cate.  He  was  frequently  in  the  State 
Legislature  and  a  member  of  the  Execu 
tive  Council;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1827  to  1833,  and  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  1841  to  1845,  and  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Pensions. 
In  1837  and  1841  he  was  also  a  Presiden 
tial  Elector.  He  died  in  Washington  City, 
March  16,  1845. 

Bates,  James. — He  was  bred  a  physi 
cian;  for  some  years  connected  with  the 
Insane  Hospital  at  Augusta;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Somer 
set  County,  Maine,  from  1831  to  1833,  and 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Post  Office  Department. 

Sates,  dames  W.—llz  was  born  in 
Goochland  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Arkansas,  from  1820  to  1823. 

Bates,  Martin  W.— He  was  born  in 
Salisbury,  Litchfield  County,  Connecticut, 
February  24,  1787 ;  he  received  a  good 
English  education,  and  became  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  having  first  studied  medi 
cine.  He  removed  to  Delaware,  and  was 
several  times  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  that  State ;  and  in  1850  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  the 
State  of  Delaware.  He  took  his  seat  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  as  a  Senator 
from  Delaware,  serving  from  1857  to  1859, 
on  the  Committees  on  Pensions  and  Rev 
olutionary  Pensions. 

Baxter,  Portus.  —  Was  born  in 
Brownington,  Orleans  County,  Vermont; 
received  a  liberal  education,  adopted  the 
occupation  of  a  merchant,  and  was  elected 
n  Representative  from  Vermont  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Elections;  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  served 
on  the  same  committee,  and  also  oil  that 


of  Expenditures  in  the  Navy  Department. 
In  1852  and  in  1856  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Elections  and  Agriculture.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866.  Died  in  Washing 
ton,  March  4,  1868. 

Bay,  William  V.  N.—  He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and,  having  become  a  citi 
zen  of  Missouri,  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  1849  to  1851, 
from  that  State. 

Bayard,  James  A. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  in  1767,  and  graduated  at 
Princeton  College.  After  studying  law  at 
Philadelphia,  he  commenced  the  practice 
in  Delaware.  In  1796  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Dela 
ware,  serving  from  1797  to  1801,  when  he 
was  appointed  Minister  to  France.  In 
1804  he  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  of  which  body  he  continued  a 
member  till  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Madison,  in  1813,  a  Commissioner  to 
negotiate  a  peace  with  Great  Britain.  The 
absence  of  the  Emperor  from  St.  Peters 
burg  preventing  the  transaction  of  any 
business,  he  proceeded  to  Holland.  He 
lent  his  able  assistance  in  the  negotiation 
of  the  treaty  of  peace  at  Ghent.  At  Paris 
he  was  apprised  of  his  appointment  as 
Envoy  to  the  Court  of  St.  Petersburg; 
this  he  declined.  He  tendered,  however, 
his  co-operation  in  forming  a  commercial 
treaty  with  Great  Britain ;  but  an  alarm 
ing  illness  compelled  him  to  return  to  the 
United  States.  He  arrived  in  June,  and 
died  August  6,  1815. 

Bayard,  James  A. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Delaware,  a  graduate  of  Princeton 
College,  and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Delaware,  from  1851  to  1864,  and  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Judi 
ciary,  and  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  the  Library  and  on  Public  Grounds. 
In  1863  he  was  re-elected  for  his  third 
term,  but  resigned  in  January,  1864.  He 
was  the  sou  of  the  Senator  bearing  the 
same  name,  and  a  brother  of  Richard  H. 
Bayard.  In  April,  1867,  he  was  appointed 
to  a  seat  in  the  Senate  in  the  place  of 
George  R.  Riddle,  deceased. 

Bayard,  John.— He  was  a  Delegate 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1785  to  1787. 

Bayard,  Richard  .H". —He  was  born 
in  Wilmington,  Delaware,  in  1796 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1814,  was 
bred  to  the  law,  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Delaware,  from  1836  to 
1839,  and  again  from  1841  to  1845.  He 
was  subsequently  appointed  Charge  d'Af- 
faires,  in  1850,  to  Belgium.  Died  in  Phila 
delphia,  March  4,  1868. 


32 


BIOGEAPHICAL    BECOKD3. 


Bayley,  Thomas.— He  was  born  in 
Somerset  County,  Maryland;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1794,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1817  to  1823. 

Bayley,  Thomas  M.— Born  in  Vir 
ginia  iu  1775 ;  entered  public  life  in  1798, 
and  continued  therein  until  1830 ;  served 
in  both  branches  of  the  State  Legislature, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitu- 
titional  Convention  of  1830 ;  having  been 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1813  to  1815.  ~  It  was  said  of 
him  that  he  never  lost  an  election.  Died 
in  Accomac  County  in  1834. 

Baylies,  Francis.— Born  in  Bristol 
County,  Massachusetts,  in  1784;  was 
Register  of  Probate  in  Bristol  County, 
Massachusetts,  from  1812  to  1820;  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature  from  1827  to 
1832,  and  also  in  1835 ;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts, 
from  1821  to  1827,  and  in  1832  was  ap 
pointed  Charge  d'Affaires  to  Buenos 
Ayres,  and  died  October  28,  1852.  He 
was  the  author  of  "A  History  of  the 
Plymouth  Colony." 

Baylies,  William.— He  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1760;  was  a  member 
of  the  Provincial  Congress  in  1775 ;  often 
a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  State 
Council;  served  many  years  in  the  State 
Legislature;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1801;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1805  to  1809, 
when  his  seat  was  successfully  contested 
by  Charles  Turner.  He  died  at  Dighton, 
Massachusetts,  June  17, 1826,  aged  eighty- 
two  years. 

Baylies,  William.— Re  was  born  in 
Dighton,  Massachusetts,  September  15, 
1776;  graduated  at  Brown  University  in 
1795,  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1799.  He  held  a  number  of  local  offices, 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1830 
and  1831,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1813 
to  1817,  and  again  from  1833  to  1835, 
serving  on  important  committees.  Died 
in  Taunton,  Massachusetts,  September 
27,  1865.  His  father,  bearing  the  same 
name,  was  also  in  Congress. 

Baylor,  H,.  JE.  B.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Alabama,  from 
1829  to  1831. 

Bayly,  Thomas  Henry.— "Born  in 

Accomac  County,  Virginia,  in  1810;  grad 
uated  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1830.  At  the  age  of 
twenty- six  he  was  chosen  a  member  of  the 
General  Assembly  of  Virginia,  and  was 
re-elected  for  five  years  in  succession. 
While  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  he 


was  elected  by  that  body  a  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  of  the  Militia  of  Eastern  Virginia. 
He  resigned  his  seat,  and  was  elected 
Judge  of  the  Circuit  Superior  Court  of 
Law.  In  1844  he  resigned  his  seat  on  the 
bench,  and  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Representatives,  from  the  Accomac  Dis 
trict,  and  continued,  by  successive  elec 
tions,  a  member  of  the  House  for  twelve 
years,  until  the  time  of  his  death;  during 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  officiating  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Ways  and 
Means.  He  lived  and  died  on  the  same 
spot  where  his  ancestors  from  England 
landed  in  1666,  and  where  they  established 
the  family  home.  He  commanded  the  same 
brigade  which  his  grandfather  had  com 
manded,  and  he  held  the  same  seat  in  the 
General  Assembly  of  his  State  and  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  which  his  father 
had  occupied  before  him.  He  died  June 
22,  1856,  aged  forty-five  years. 

Beale,  Charles  L. — Born  in  Canaan, 
Columbia  County,  New  York,  March  5, 
1824 ;  was  prepared  for  college  by  a  pri 
vate  tutor,  and  graduated  at  Union  Col 
lege  in  1844 ;  studied  law  at  Kinderhook, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849 ;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  Repub 
lican  State  Central  Committee  of  New 
York;  and  in  1858  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
from  New  York,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds.  In  1864  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector,  and  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "  National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866,  and  also  to  the  "  State  Republican 
Convention  "  of  18G7. 

Beale,  James  M.  H.—  He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1837,  and  for  two  other  terms,  from  1849 
to  1853. 

•» 

Beale,  R.  L.  T.— Born  at  Hickory 
Hill,  Westmoreland  County,  Virginia,  May 
22, 1819 ;  his  education  was  obtained  chiefly 
at  Northumberland  Academy,  spending  a 
short  time  at  Dickinson  College,  Pennsyl 
vania.  In  1836  he  commenced  the  study 
of  law,  and  graduated  at  the  University 
of  Virginia,  as  a  student  of  that  profes 
sion,  in  1838,  and  was  licensed  to  practise 
in  1839.  In  1847  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  the  Militia.  He  de 
clined  a  re-election  at  the  expiration  of 
his  term.  In  1850  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Reform  Convention  of  Virginia, 
and  in  1857  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate. 

Beall,  Resin.—  He  was  an  officer  in 
Wayne's  army,  with  Harrison  and  Van 
Rensselaer;  occupied  various  public  sta 
tions  in  Ohio,  and  was  a  member  of  Con- 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KE  COEDS. 


gress,  from  that  State,  from  1813  to  1815, 
and  died  at  Wooster,  Ohio,  February  20, 
1843,  aged  seventy-three  years. 

Beaman,  Fernando  C.  —  He  was 

born  in  Chester,  Windsor  County,  Ver 
mont,  June  28,  1814;  removed  with  his 
father  to  New  York  when  a  boy,  and  left 
an  orphan  at  the  age  of  fifteen ;  received 
a  good  English  education«at  the  Franklin 
County  Academy ;  studied  law  in  Roches 
ter;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1838,  and 
commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession; 
was  for  six  years  Prosecuting  Attorney 
for  Lenawee  County ;  was  Judge  of  Pro 
bate  for  four  years;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  185G ;  and  in  1860  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Michigan,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and 
served  on  the  same  Committee,  and  also 
on  that  on  Territories.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Territories,  the  Death  of 
President  Lincoln,  and  Frauds  on  the  Rev 
enue,  and  as  Chairman  of  that  on  Roads 
and  Canals.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention" 
of  18GG;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Reconstruction  and  Appropriations. 

Bean,  Benning  M. — He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  in  1782 ;  occupied  a  seat 
in  the  State  Legislature  for  five  years,  and 
was  President  of  the  Senate  in  1832;  was 
a  State  Councillor  in  1829;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1833  to  1837, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Agriculture.  Died  at  Moultonborough, 
New  Hampshire,  February  9,  1866. 

Bearslei/,  Samuel.— He  was. born  in 
Otsego  County,  New  York;  studied  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  settled  at 
Rome,  Oneida  County,  and  was  District 
Attorney  of  the  same ;  also  held  the  post 
of  Attorney-General  of  the  State ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Oneida 
County,  New  York,  to  the  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  and  a  part  of  the  Twenty- 
fourth,  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses,  and 
was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Ju 
diciary.  .  He  also  held  the  offices  of  State 
Senator  in  1823,  and  those  of  Assistant 
Justice  and  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  State,  and  the  Federal  ap 
pointment  of  United  States  District  Attor 
ney  for  New  York.  Died  at  Utica,  New 
York,  May  6,  1860. 

Beatti/,  JoJm.  —  He  graduated  at 
Princeton  College,  in  1769,  and  studied 
medicine;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1793  to  1795, 
having  been  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1783  to  1785.  He  died  at 
Trenton,  April  30, 1826,  aged  seventy-seven 
years. 

3 


Beatty,  J~o7in. — He  was  born  in  San- 
dusky  City,  Ohio,  in  1828 ;  received  a  good 
English  education ;  engaged  in  the  bank 
ing  business  at  Cardington ;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1860;  at  the  beginning 
of  the  Rebellion  he  entered  the  Third  Ohio 
Infantry  as  a  private ;  but  was  at  once 
elected  Captain,  soon  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  as  such  par 
ticipated  in  several  of  the  battles  in  West 
Virginia;  as  Colonel  he  took  a  conspicu 
ous  part  in  the  campaigns  of  Kentucky, 
Tennessee,  and  Alabama ;  headed  his  regi 
ment  at  the  battle  of  Perrysville ;  he  com 
manded  a  brigade  at  Murfreesboro',  where 
he  had  two  horses  killed  under  him  ;  and 
as  a  Brigadier-General  he  commenced  the 
fighting  at  Chickamauga;  and  in  1864,  for 
private  reasons,  he  retired  from  the  army. 
In  January,  1868,  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Ohio,  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  for  the  unexpired  term  of  C.  S. 
Hamilton,  unfortunately  killed  by  his  in 
sane  son.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Invalid  Pensions. 

Beatty,  Martin.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky 
from  1833  to  1835. 

Beatti/,  William. — He  was  born  in 
Ireland,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress, from  Pennsylvania,from  1837  to  1841. 

Beaumont,  Andrew. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1837,  and  died  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylva 
nia,  October  30,  1853. 

BecJc,  James  B.  —  He  was  born  in 
Dumfriesshire,  Scotland,  February  13, 
1822 ;  received  a  good  classical  educa 
tion  ;  emigrated  to  this  country  when  six 
teen  years  of  age ;  graduated  at  Transyl 
vania  University,  Kentucky,  in  1846; 
subsequently  devoted  his  whole  attention 
to  the  practice  of  law ;  and  in  1867  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Reconstruction. 

Bedford,  Gunning. — He  was  a  Rev 
olutionary  Patriot;  was  a  Delegate  from 
Delaware  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1783  to  1787;  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  that  formed  the  Constitution  and 
signed  that  instrument ;  was  chosen  Gov 
ernor  of  Delaware  in  1796 ;  was  afterwards 
appointed  District  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
the  United  States.  He  was  a  graduate  of 
Princeton  College  in  1771,  and  died  in  1797. 

Bedinger,  George  M.— He  was  an 

officer  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  having 
served  as  Adjutant  in  the  expedition 
against  Chillicothe,  in  1779,  and  as  a  Major 
at  the  battle  of  Blue  Licks,  in  1782;  he 
was  one  of  the  earliest  emigrants  into  the 
State  of  Kentucky ;  was  a  member  of  the 


34 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Kentucky  Legislature  in  1792,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1803  to  1807. 
He  spent  the  close  of  his  life  in  retire 
ment,  and  died  at  an  advanced  age. 

Bedlnger,  Henri/.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia;  received  a  classical  education; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1845  to  1849,  where  he  was  distin 
guished  for  his  eloquence  as  a  debater.  In 
1853  he  was  appointed  Charge  d' Affaires 
to  Denmark,  and  returned  home  in  the 
autumn  of  1858.  He  died  of  pneumonia, 
at  Shepherdstown,  Virginia,  November 
26,  1858.  During  his  residence  in  Den 
mark  he  was  successful  in  bringing  about 
the  treaty  abolishing  the  Sound  Dues. 

Bee,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  South  Carolina  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1780  to  1782. 

BeecJier,  Philemon.— Born  in  New 
Haven,  Connecticut;  he  was  an  able  law 
yer,  and  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Ohio, 
to  which  he  emigrated  from  Connecticut. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Ohio,  from  1817  to  1821,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  Judiciary,  and 
re-elected  from  1823  to  1829.  He  died  at 
Lancaster,  Ohio,  November  30,  1839,  aged 
sixty-four  years. 

BeeJcman,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  iu  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1829  to  1831. 

Beers,  Cyrus.  —  He  was  elected,  in 
1838,  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  for  the  un- 
expired  term  of  Andrew  D.  W.  Bruyn,  de 
ceased. 

Beeson,  Henry  W.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,fromthat  State, from  1841  to  1843. 
j 

Belcher,  Hiram. — Born  in  Augusta, 
Maine;  educated  at  Hallowell  Academy; 
studied  law,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1812 ;  was  for  four  or  five  years  a  member 
of  the  Maine  Legislature;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1847  to  1848.  Died  May  7, 1857,  aged 
sixty-seven  years. 

Belcher,  Nathan.  —  Born  in  Gris- 
wold,  Connecticut,  June  23,  1813;  gradu 
ated  at  Amherot  College  in  1832 ;  studied 
law  with  Samuel  Ingham,  of  Essex,  and  at 
the  Cambridge  Law  School ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1836,  and  practised  at  Clin 
ton,  Connecticut,  until  1841,  when  he  re 
moved  to  New  London,  relinquished  the 
practice  of  law,  and  engaged  in  manufac 
turing.  He  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  of  Connecticut  in  1846 
and  1847,  and  of  the  State  Senate  in  1850; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1852 ;  and  a 


Representative  in  Congress  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Belden,  George  O. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1827  to  1829. 

Bell,  Hiram. — He  was  born  in  Ver 
mont,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohi»,  from  1852  to  1853. 

Bell,  James.  — ~Born  November  13, 
1804,  in  Francistown,  Hillsborough  Coun 
ty,  New  Hampshire;  graduated  at  Bow- 
doin  College  in  1822;  studied  law  and 
completed  his  course  at  Litchfield;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  com 
menced  to  practise  at  Gilmanton ;  removed 
to  Exeter,  and  thence  to  Gilford ;  and  for 
many  years  held  a  distinguished  rank  in 
his  profession.  In  1846  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  the  State  in 
1850.  He  was  elected  United  States  Sen 
ator,  in  June,  1855,  for  six  years ;  and  died 
in  Laconia,  New  Hampshire,  May  26, 1857, 
whither  he  had  gone  from  Washington,  to 
recruit  his  health. 

Bell,  James  M.  —  He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1835. 

Bell,  John. — He  was  born  near  Nash 
ville,  Tennessee,  February  15,  1797.  He 
commenced  his  studies  at  Cumberland  Col 
lege,  now  the  Nashville  University,  and 
graduated  at  the  latter  in  1814 ;  he  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816. 
In  1817  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate ; 
declined  a  re-election,  and  devoted  the 
next  ten  years  of  his  life  wholly  to  his  pro 
fession  ;  in  1827  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  and  continued  to*be 
re-elected  until  1841,  officiating  during  one 
term  as  Speaker;  in  1841  he  accepted  a 
seat  in  President  Harrison's  cabinet  as 
Secretaiy  of  War,  which  post  he  resigned 
in  five  months  after  the  accession  of  Presi 
dent  Tyler;  in  1847  he  accepted  a  seat  in 
the  House  of  Representatives  of  Tennes 
see,  but  before  the  close  of  the  year  he 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
aud  was  re-elected  in  1852,  serving,  from 
time  to  time,  as  Chairman  of  important 
committees  until  the  close  of  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress.  In  May,  1860,  he  received 
from  the  Union  party  the  nomination  for 
President  of  the  United  States,  but  was 
defeated. 

Bell,  John.— He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1850  to  1851. 

Bell,  Joshua  F.  —  He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Invalid  Pensions,  and  declined  are- 
election.  He  is  a  lawyer,  and  distinguished 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


35 


in  the  West  as  an  orator.    He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Peace  "  Convention  of  1SG1." 

Bell,  Peter  H. — He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Texas,  from  1853  to  1857.  He 
was  also  Governor  of  that  State  from  1849 
to  1853,  and  subsequently  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  that  State. 

Bell,  Samuel.  —  Born  in  1769,  and 
died  at  Chester,  New  Hampshire,  Decem 
ber  23,  1850.  He  was  a  graduate  of  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1793;  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  New  Hampshire  from  1816 
to  1819;  Governor  of  the  State  from  1819 
to  1823 ;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress  from 
1823  to  1835,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Foreign  Affairs  and  Claims, 
and  officiating  as  Chairman  of  the  latter 
during  the  Twenty-third  Congress. 

Bellinger,  Joseph.— He  was  a  Pres 
idential  Elector  in  1809 ;  and  a  Represen 
tative  in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

Belser,  J~ames  E. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Alabama,  from  1843  to 
1845.  Died  at  Montgomery,  Alabama, 
January  16,  1859. 

Benjamin,  John  F.— Born  in  the 
town  of  Cicero,  Onondaga  County,  New 
York,  January  23,  1817;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  spent  three  years 
in  Texas,  and  in  1848  settled  in  Missouri, 
in  the  practice  of  the  law.  In  1851  and 
1852  he  was  a  member  of  the  Missouri 
Legislature ;  in  1856  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector;  in  1861  he  entered  as  a  private  in 
the  Missouri  Cavalry ;  in  January,  1862,  he 
was  commissioned  a  Captain ;  in  May,  of 
the  same  year,  a  Major ;  in  September  fol 
lowing  a  Lieutenant-Colonel,  which  posi 
tion  he  resigned  on  being  appointed  Pro 
vost-Marshal  for  the  Eighth  District  of  his 
State.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Bal 
timore  Convention  of  1864,  and  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  Missouri  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Invalid  Pensions  and  Ex 
penditures  in  the  Interior  Department. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Retrenchment. 

Benjamin,  J"udah  P.—  Was  a  Pres 
idential  Elector  in  1849 ;  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  and  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Louisiana,  to  serve  from  1853 
to  1859,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Private  Land  Claims,  and  as  a 
member  of  the  Committees  on  the  Judi 
ciary  and  on  Commerce.  In  1859  was  re- 
elected  for  a  term  of  six  years,  but  was 
expelled  March  14, 1861.  He  is  of  Hebrew 
descent.  He  became  identified  with  the 
Rebellion  of  18G1,  and  was  Attorney-Gen 


eral  of  the  so-called  "  Southern  Confed 
eracy." 

Bennet,  Benjamin. — Born  in  1762; 
was  a  Baptist  minister,  and  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1815  to  1819.  He  died  at  Middletown,  New 
Jersey,  October  8,  1840. 

Bennett,  Henry.— He  was  born  in. 
New  Lisbon,  Otsego  County,  New  York, 
September  29,  1808 ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832;  and  having 
been  elected  to  Congress  as  a  Representa 
tive  from  that  State  in  1848,  has  continued 
to  be  re-elected,  so  that  at  the  end  of  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  he  had  served  in 
that  capacity,  continuously,  the  period  of 
ten  years.  During  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Public  Lands,  and  reported  a  number 
of  important  bills  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Western  States,  and  during  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  he  served  as  a  member  of 
the  same  committee. 

Bennett,  Hiram  P. — Was  born  in 
Carthage,  Maine,  September  2,  1826;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education  in  Ohio ; 
in  1852  he  was  elected  to  a  Judgeship  in 
Western  Iowa;  moved  to  Nebraska  Ter 
ritory  in  1854,  and  was  at  once  elected  a 
member  of  the  Territorial  Council;  in  1858 
he  was  re-elected  to  the  Nebraska  Legis 
lature,  and  made  Speaker  of  the  House ; 
removed  to  Colorado  Territory  in  1859, 
and  was  chosen  a  Delegate  therefrom  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress ;  and  in  1862 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress.  In  March,  1867,  he  was  appointed 
Secretary  of  the  Territory  of  Colorado. 

Bennett,  H.  S. — Born  in  Williamson 
County,  Tennessee,  March  7,  1807;  re 
ceived  a  limited  education;  studied  law, 
and  began  to  practise  in  1830,  when  he  re 
moved  to  Mississippi,  where  he  held  the 
office  of  Circuit  Judge  for  eight  years,  and 
of  which  State  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  during  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress. 

Benson,  Egbert. — He  was  eminent 
as  a  statesman  and  jurist,  and  died  at  Ja 
maica,  New  York,  in  August,  1833,  in  the 
eighty-seventh  year  of  his  age.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1789  to  1793,  taking  an  active 
part  in  its  deliberations.  He  had  previ 
ously  served  as  a  Delegate  in  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1784  to  1788.  He 
was  a  graduate  of  Columbia  College  in 
1765,  and  received  literary  honors  from 
Harvard  University  in  1808,  and  from 
Dartmouth  in  1811.  He  was  also  the  first 
President  of  the  New  York  Historical  So 
ciety;  and  was  again  a  Representative 
in  Congress  in  1813,  for  one  session,  when 
he  resigned  and  was  succeeded  by  William 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Irving.  From  1780  to  1780  he  was  Attor 
ney-General  of  New  York,  and  from  1794 
to  1801  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court. 

Benson,  Samuel  P.— He  was  born 
in  the  town  of  Winthrop,  Maine;  gradu 
ated  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1825 ;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature  in  1834  and  1836; 
Secretary  of  State  in  1833  and  1841;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  in  1853,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  when  he 
served  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs.  He  was  at  one  time  one  of 
the  Overseers  of  Bowdoin  College. 

Benton,  Charles  S. — He  was  born 
in  Maine,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1843  to 
1849. 

Benton,  Jacob. — Born  in  "Waterford, 
Vermont,  August  14,  1819;  attended  the 
Nevvbury  Seminary,  and  graduated  at  Man 
chester,  Vermont;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1843,  locating  himself  at  Lan 
caster,  New  Hampshire ;  in  1854,  1855,  and 
1856  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Chicago  Con 
vention  of  1860;  came  within  one  vote  of 
being  nominated  for  Congress  in  1862 ;  and 
in  1867  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Laud 
Claims  and  Retrenchment. 

Benton,  Samuel. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1793  to  1798. 

Benton,  Thomas  Hart.— He  was 
born  in  Hillsborough,  North  Carolina, 
March  14,  1782,  and  educated  at  Chapel 
Hill  College.  He  left  that  institution  with 
out  receiving  a  degree,  and  forthwith  com 
menced  the  study  of  law  in  William  and 
Mary  College,  Virginia,  under  Mr.  St. 
George  Tucker.  In  1810  he  entered  the 
United  States  Army,  but  soon  resigned  his 
commission  of  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  in 
1811  was  at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  where 
he  commenced  the  practice  of  the  lavv.  He 
soon  afterwards  emigrated  to  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  where  he  connected  himself  with 
the  press  as  the  editor  of  a  newspaper,  the 
"  Missouri  Argus."  In  1820  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  United  States  Senate, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  many  important 
committees,  and  remained  in  that  body 
till  the  session  of  1851,  at  which  time  he 
failed  of  re-election.  As  Missouri  was  not 
admitted  into  the  Union  till  August  10, 
1821,  more  than  a  year  of  his  first  term  of 
service  expired  before  he  took  his  seat. 
He  occupied  himself  during  this  interval 
before  taking  his  seat  in  Congress  in  ac 
quiring  a  knowledge  of  the  language  and 
literature  of  Spain.  Immediately  after  he 
appeared  in  the  Senate  he  took  a  prominent 


part  in  the  deliberations  of  that  body,  and 
rapidly  rose  to  distinction.  Few  public 
measures  were  discussed  between  the 
years  1821  and  1851  that  he  did  not  par 
ticipate  in  largely,  and  the  influence  he 
wielded  was  always  felt  and  confessed  by 
the  country.  He  was  one  of  the  chief  sup 
porters  of  the  administrations  of  Presi 
dents  Jackson  and  Van  Buren.  The  peo 
ple  of  Missouri  long  clung  to  him  as  their 
leader,  and  it  required  persevering  effort 
to  defeat  him.  But  he  had  served  them 
during  the  entire  period  of  thirty  years 
without  interruption,  and  others,  who  as 
pired  to  honors  he  enjoyed,  became  impa 
tient  for  an  opportunity  to  supplant  him. 
He  was  distinguished  for  his  learning,  iron 
will,  practical  mind,  and  strong  memory. 
As  a  public  speaker  he  was  not  interesting 
or  calculated  to  produce  an  effect  on  the 
passions  of  an  audience,  but  his  speeches 
were  read  with  avidity,  always  producing 
a  decided  influence.  He  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  for  the  District  of  St.  Louis,  and  on 
his  retirement  from  public  life  devoted 
himself  to  the  preparation  of  a  valuable 
register  of  the  debates  in  Congress,  upon 
which  he  labored  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  Washington,  on  the  10th  of 
April,  1858,  of  cancer  in  the  stomach.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  political  book,  giving 
an  account  of  his  observations  during  his 
Senatorial  Service  of  Thirty  Years. 

Beresford,  MicJiard. — He  was   a 

Delegate,  from  South  Carolina,  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  from  1783  to  1785. 

Bergen,  John  T.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1831  to  1833. 

Bergen,  Tennis  G. — Born  in  Go- 
wauus,  City  of  Brooklyn,  New  York,  Octo 
ber  6,  1806 ;  was  educated  at  the  Academy 
of  Erasmus  Hall,  FLftbush;  was  a  survey 
or  and  horticulturist;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1846;  was  Supervisor  of  the  town  of  New 
Utrecht  for  t \venty-three  years ;  served  in 
all  the  grades,  from  Sergeant  to  Colonel, 
in  the  State  Militia;  was  a  member  of  the 
Charleston  and  Baltimore  Conventions  of 
1860,  and  was  elected  in  1864  a  Represen 
tative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Agriculture. 

Bernhisel,  John  M.— Born  in  Cum 
berland  County,  Pennsylvania,  June  23, 
1799;  graduated  in  the*  Medical  Depart 
ment  of  Pennsylvania  University ;  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  medicine ;  and  was  elect 
ed  a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
from  the  Territory  of  Utah.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  aud  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses. 

Berrlen,  John  McPJierson.—Rorx. 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    KECOEDS. 


37 


in  New  Jersey,  August  23,  1781,  but  when 
a  child  removed  with  his  father  to  Geor 
gia.  He  graduated  at  Princeton  in  his 
fifteenth  year,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1799.  In  1809  he  was  elected  Solicitor- 
General,  and  the  next  year  Judge  of  the 
Eastern  Circuit.  During  the  war  of  1812 
he  had  command  of  a  regiment  of  volun 
teer  cavalry.  He  served  in  the  State  Leg 
islature  for  several  years.  In  1824  he  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  where 
he  remained  until  1829,  when  he  took  a  seat 
in  the  cabinet  of  President  Jackson  as  At 
torney-General.  For  a  while  afterwards 
he  held  various  positions  of  responsibility 
in  Georgia,  and  in  1840  was  re-elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  for  six  years, 
taking  an  active  part  in  all  leading  meas 
ures, "and  officiating  most  of  the  time  as 
Chairman  of  the  Judiciary  Committee. 
lu  1845  he  was  elected  one  of  the  Judges 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Georgia,  and  in 
1847  was  once  more  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  resigning  his  seat  in  May, 
1852.  On  his  return  to  Georgia,  he  still 
continued,  in  various  ways,  to  promote 
the  public  good,  and  he  died  at  Savannah, 
January  1,  1856,  universally  lamented.  He 
was  undoubtedly  one  of  the  best,  most 
distinguished,  and  high-minded  statesmen 
of  the  country. 

Bethune,  Laughlin.—A.  native  of 
North  Carolina,  for  several  years  a  Senator 
in  the  State  Legislature,  and  from  1831  to 
1833  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Cumberland  County,  in  that  State,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Elec 
tions. 

Betton,  Silas. — He  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1787;  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  New  Hampshire, 
from  1803  to  1807;  held  the  office  of  Sher 
iff  of  Rockingham  County  for  several 
years,  and  died  at  Salem,  New  Hampshire, 
in  1822,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Betts,  Samuel  JR.— He  was  born  in 
Richmond,  Berkshire  County,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1787;  spent  his  boyhood  on  his 
father's  farm ;  graduated  at  Williams  Col 
lege  in  1806 ;  studied  law,  and  settled  in 
Sullivan  County,  New  York.  He  took 
part  iu  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  appointed 
Judge  Advocate.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1815  to  1817,  after  which  he  settled  in 
Newburgh,  and  was  District  Attorney  of 
Orange  County.  In  1823  he  was  appointed 
a  Circuit  Judge  for  the  State;  and  in  1826 
he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  United 
States  District  Court  for  the  Southern 
District  of  New  York,  which  he  continued 
to  hold  until  May,  1867,  when  he  resigned 
and  retired  to  private  life.  His  labors  as 
a  Judge  have  long  been  held  in  the  highest 
estimation  by  the  legal  profession  of  New 
York. 


Befts,  TJiaddeus. — He  was  born  in 
Norwalk,  Connecticut,  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1807,  and  acquired  great  dis 
tinction  as  a  lawyer.  He  was  at  one  time 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  Connecticut,  and 
an  influential  member  of  the  United  States 
Senate  from  1839  to  the  date  of  his  death, 
April  7,  1840.  He  was  greatly  respected 
for  his  talents  and  character. 

Bibb,  George  M. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia  in  1772;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1792;  studied  law,  and  settled 
in  Kentucky.  He  was  a  Justice,  and  twice 
Chief  Justice,  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of 
Kentucky;  was  in  the  State  Senate  two 
years ;  held  the  position  of  Chancellor  of 
the  Court  of  Chancery ;  was  Secretary  of 
Treasury  under  President  Tyler;  after 
wards  practised  his  profession  in  the  City 
of  Washington,  and  acted  as  an  assistant 
in  the  office  of  the  Attorney-General  of 
the  United  States.  His  services  in  Con 
gress  were  rendered  as  a  Senator  from 
1811  to  1814,  and  again  from  1829  to  1835. 
He  died  in  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  April  14, 
1859.  One  of  his  marked  peculiarities 
was  a  fondness  for  fishing,  which  he  prac 
tised  with  enthusiasm. 

Bibb,  William  IF.— Died  at  his  res 
idence,  in  Fort  Jackson,  Alabama,  July  9, 
1820,  aged  thirty-nine  years.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1806  to  1814,  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1813  to  1816,  and  was  appointed 
in  1817  Governor  of  the  Territory  of  Ala 
bama.  He  was  elected  first  Governor 
under  the  Constitution  of  that  State  in 
1819.  He  was  originally  educated  for  the 
medical  profession. 

Bibighaus,  Thomas  M.—  Born  in 
Pennsylvania  in  1816,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1851  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  Lebanon,  Pennsylvania,  June 
18, 1853. 

BicJcnell,  Bennet. — He  was  born  in 
Mansfield,  Connecticut,  in  1803;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1837  to  1839 ;  having  been  in 
the  Assembly  of  the  State  in  1812,  and  a 
State  Senator  from  1815  to  1818.  Died  at 
Morrisville,  Madison  County,  in  1863. 

Blddle,  Charles  John. — Born  in 
Philadelphia  in  1819;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1837;  studied  law  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1840;  served  as  a  Captain  of 
Voltigeurs,  United  States  Army,  in  the 
war  with  Mexico,  and  was  in  the  actions 
of  Contreras,  Churubusco,  Molino  del 
Rey,  Chapultepec,  and  the  taking  of  the 
City  of  Mexico,  having  been  brevetted  a 
Major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services. 
After  the  Mexican  war  he  resumed  the 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Philadelphia. 


38 


SIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


In  18G1  he  was  appointed  a  Colonel  in  the 
Pennsylvania  Reserve  Volunteer  Corps, 
and  while  in  the  field  in  Virginia  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
E.  Joy  Morris.  Before  quitting  the  field 
he  was  tendered  the  commission  of  Brig 
adier-General,  but  declined  it,  preferring 
to  serve  his  constituents  in  a  civil  capacity. 

Biddle,  Edivard.  —  He  was  a  Dele- 
grate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1774  to  1776,  and  again 
1778  to  1789. 


Biddle,  John.—  He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia;  was  an  officer  in  the  war 
of  1812,  acquitting  himself  with  bravery; 
held  the  position  of  Paymaster  in  the 
army;  also  that  of  Indian  Agent;  and  was 
a  Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Michigan,  from  1829  to  1831,  when  he 
was  appointed  Register  of  the  Land  Office 
at  Detroit,  Michigan.  For  some  years  be 
fore  his  death  he  had  been  travelling  in 
Europe,  and  died  at  the  White  Sulphur 
Springs,  Virginia,  August  25,  1859,  aged 
about  seventy  years. 

Biddle,  Richard.  —  He  was  a  brother 
of  Nicholas  Biddle,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Western  Pensylvania, 
from  1837  to  1811,  and  died  at  Pittsbnrg, 
July  7,  1847.  Was  the  author  of  a  Life 
of  Sebastian  Cabot. 

BidlacTc,  Benjamin  A.—  Re  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1841  to  1845  ;  and  died  at  Bogota, 
New  Grenada,  February  29,  1849,  to  which 
country  he  had  been  appointed  Charge 
cl'  Affaires,  immediately  after  leaving  Con 
gress. 

Bidivell,  Barnabas.—  He  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1785;  received  the  de 
gree  of  LL.D.  from  that  institution, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1805  to  1807; 
from  1801  to  1805  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  Legislature,  and  Attorney- 
General  for  the  State  from  1807  to  1810. 
He  died  in  1833. 

Bldwell,  John.  —  Born  in  Chautau- 
qua  County,  New  York,  August  5,  1819  ; 
both  his  grandfathers  having  fought  in  the 
Revolutionary  war.  In  1829  he  went  with 
his  father's  family  to  Erie,  Pa.,  and  in 
1831  to  Ashtabula  County,  Ohio  ;  was  ed 
ucated  at  Kingsville  Academy;  taught 
school  in  Darke  County  in  the  winter  of 
1838-'39,  and  subsequently  followed  the 
same  employment  for  two  years  in  Mis 
souri.  In  1841  he  emigrated  to  California, 
having  been  one  of  the  first  to  cross  the 
wild  overland  route,  which  journey  occu 
pied  six  mouths.  His  first  employment 


on  the  Pacific  coast  was  to  take  charge  of 
Bodega  and  Fort  Russ.  He  also  had 
charge  of  Sutter's  Feather  River  posses 
sions.  He  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico 
until  its  close,  rising  from  Second  Lieu 
tenant  to  Major.  He  was  the  first  man  to 
find  gold  on  Feather  River,  in  1848.  In 
1849  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention,  and  during  the 
same  year  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of 
the  new  State.  In  1850  he  was  one  of  the 
two  appointed  to  convey  a  block  of  gold- 
bearing  quartz  to  Washington  City;  was 
a  dissatisfied  Delegate  to  the  Charles 
ton  Convention  in  1860.  Since  that  time 
he  has  been  a  Brigadier-General  of  Militia, 
and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  from  California  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress ;  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  Pacific  Railroad,  and  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Agriculture.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Bierne,  Andrew. — He  was  a  native 
of  Ireland,  and,  on  becoming  a  citizen  of 
Virginia,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1837  to  1841. 

Bigelow,  Abijah.—Rorn  in  West 
minster,  Worcester  County,  Massachu 
setts,  December  5,  1775.  He  graduated 
at  Dartmouth  College  in  1795;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1798 ; 
was  Town  Clerk  of  Leomiuster  for  five 
years ;  served  two  years  as  a  member  of 
the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1810  to  1815.  In  1838  he  was  appointed 
a  Master  in  Chancery  for  Worcester 
County;  from  1817  to  1833  he  was 
Clerk  of  the  County  Court  of  Worcester; 
atone  time  Treasurer  and  Trustee  of 
Leicester  Academy ;  and  held  the  minor 
office  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  about 
fifty  years.  Died  April  4,  1860. 

Bigelow,  Lewis. — Born  in  Worces 
ter  County,  Massachusetts,  in  1783;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  his 
native  State,  from  1821  to  1823 ;  was  the 
author  of  the  "Digest  of  the  First  Twelve 
Volumes  of  Massachusetts  Reports ;"  and, 
removing  to  Peoria,  Illinois,  became  Clerk 
of  the  County  Court  there,  and  died  in, 
October,  1838. 

Biggs,  Asa.—  Born  in  Williamstown, 
Martin  County,  North  Carolina,  February 
t,  1811.  He  was  educated  at  an  academy, 
Aorved  as  a  merchant's  clerk,  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  in  1831.  In 
1835  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Con 
stitutional  Convention  of  that  State;  in 
1840,  1842,  and  1844  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature.  He  was  chosen  a 
member  of  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress. 
In  1850  he  was  one  of  three  Commissioners 
appointed  to  revise  the  Statutes  of  the 
State.  In  1854  he  went  a  second  time  into 


BIOGRAPHICAL    BECOBDS. 


39 


the  State  Senate,  and  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  in  1854,  for  six  years, 
but  resigned  May,  1858,  for  the  appoint 
ment  of  Judge  of  the  United  States  Dis 
trict  Court  of  North  Carolina,  conferred 
upon  him  by  President  Buchanan.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on 
Finance  and  on  Private  Land  Claims. 

Biffler,  William.  —  Born  at  Sher- 
mausburg,  Cumberland  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  December,  1814.  He  received  a 
moderate  school  education,  and,  instead 
of  a  college,  graduated  in  a  printing-office ; 
by  his  own  personal  efforts,  he  established, 
and  for  several  years  carried  on,  entirely 
unaided,  the  "Cleartield  Democrat;"  dis 
posing  of  his  paper,  he  devoted  himself  for 
a  time  to  mercantile  pursuits  and  politics ; 
in  1841  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Con 
vention,  and  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate,  part  of  the  time  Speaker,  up  to 
1847;  in  1851  he  was  elected  Governor  of 
Pennsylvania ;  subsequently  became  Pres 
ident  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Erie  Hail- 
road  Company ;  and  in  1855  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress  for  six  years,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Commerce,  Post 
Offices  and  Post  Roads,  and  Engrossed 
Bills.  Was  a  Delegate  to  the  Chicago 
Convention  in  18G4,  and  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866. 

B  ill  in  o hurst,  Charles.  —  He   was 

born  iii  Brighton,  Monroe  County,  New 
York,  July  27,  1818;  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law,  and,  after  practising  a  few 
years,  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1847;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  first  Legislature  of 
that  State  in  1848;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1852 ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
from  Wisconsin,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Judiciary  Committee,  and  was 
also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty -sixth  Con 
gress.  Died  at  Juneau,  Wisconsin,  Au 
gust  18,  1865. 

Bines,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1814  to  1815,  and  again  from  1819  to 
1820. 

BingJiam,  John  A.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  in  1815;  received  an  aca 
demical  education ;  spent  two  years  in  a 
printing-office;  entered  Franklin  College, 
in  Ohio,  but  his  health  prevented  him  from 
graduating;  he  studied  law  in  Ohio,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840;  from 
1845  to  1849  he  was  Attorney  for  the  State 
in  Tuscarawas  County,  and  in  1854  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress.  During  his  first 
term,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Elections,  and  made  a  report  on  the 
Illinois  contested  cases,  which  was  adopt 


ed  by  the  House,  and  he  also  served  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  State  Department.  He  was 
also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Judiciary  Com 
mittee;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress ;  and,  in  1864,  was  appointed  a 
Judge-Advocate  in  the  army.  In  August 
of  the  same  year  he  was  appointed  Solic 
itor  of  the  Court  of  Claims ;  and  in  May, 
1865,  he  was  Assistant  Judge-Advocate 
in  the  trial  of  the  Conspirators,  who  were 
tried  for  murdering  President  Lincoln. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Military 
Affairs,  the  Freedmen,  and  Reconstruc 
tion  ;  and  he  was  one  of  the  Representa 
tives  designed  by  the  House  to  attend  the 
funeral  of  General  Scott  in  1866.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention,"  of  1866 ;  and  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Reconstruction,  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Claims  and  as 
one  of  the  Managers  in  the  Impeachment 
Trial  of  Andrew  Johnson. 

Binyham,  Kinsley  S.  —  He  was 
born  at  Camillus,  Ouondaga  County,  New 
York,  December  16,  1808 ;  received  a  fair 
academic  education ;  taught  school  for 
a  time  at  Beunington,  Vermont;  spent 
three  years  in  the  office  of  a  lawyer  as 
clerk ;  emigrated  to  Michigan  in  1833,  and 
settled  upon  a  farm ;  he  was  elected  to  the 
Michigan  Legislature  in  1835,  and  was 
five  years  a  member  of  that  body;  three 
years  elected  Speaker;  he  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Michigan, 
from  1847  to  1851,  and  served  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Commerce;  and  was  elected 
Governor  of  Michigan  in  1854  and  1856. 
He  has  also  held  in  other  years  the  offices 
of  Postmaster,  Supervisor,  Prosecuting 
Attorney,  Judge  of  Probate,  and  Briga 
dier-General  of  Militia.  In  1859  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Michigan  for  six  years.  Died  at  Oak 
Grove,  Livingston  County,  Michigan,  Oc 
tober  5,  1861. 

BingJiam,  William.— He  graduated 
at  the  College  of  Philadelphia  in  17G8,  and 
he  was  agent  for  this  country  at  Marti 
nique  during  the  Revolution.  In  1786  he 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  Pennsylvania,  and  was  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress  in  1795,  serving 
until  1801,  and  as  President  pro  tern,  of  the 
Senate  during  the  Fourth  Congress.  He 
died  at  Bath,  England,  February  7,  1804, 
aged  fifty-two  years. 

Binney,  Horace.— He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  January  4, 
1780;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1797 ;  and  was  educated  a  lawyer.  He  was 
a  Director  of  the  old  United  States  Bank, 
and  one  of  the  trustees  to  whom  its  affairs 
were  entrusted  when  it  was  wound  up. 


40 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


He  was  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Leg 
islature  in  1806-7,  and  declined  a  re-elec 
tion;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1833  to  1835 ;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Ways 
and  Means,  and  again  declined  a  re-elec 
tion.  In  1827  the  degree  of  LL.D.was  con 
ferred  upon  him  by  Harvard  University. 

Bird,  John. — A  native  of  Litchfleld, 
Connecticut;  afterwards  settled  in  Troy, 
New  York ;  and  was  early  distinguished 
at  the  bar  of  that  State  and  in  the  Legis 
lature.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  1799  to  1801,  from  New  York. 

Birdsall,  Ausburn.—He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849.  He  was  subsequently  appointed 
Naval  Storekeeper  in  New  York  City. 

Birdsall,  James. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1815  to  1817,  and  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  that  State  in  1837. 

Birdsall,  Samuel.— lie  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  New  York, 
from  1837  to  1839. 

Birdsei/e,  Victor}/. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1815  to  1817,  and  again  from  1841  to 
1843;  a  Delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1821 ;  and  a  State 
Senator  in  1821  and  1829,  as  well  as  a 
member  of  the  Assembly  for  three  years. 
Died  September  16, 1853,  aged  seventy-one 
years. 

Bishop,  James. — He  was  born  in 
New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1855  to  1857;  he  was  bred  a 
merchant,  and  has  served  in  the  Legisla 
ture  of  his  native  State. 

Bishop, Phanuel. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1799  to  1807.  From  1787  to 
1791  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ; 
and  in  1792,  1793,  1797,  and  1798,  a  Rep 
resentative  in  the  State  Legislature. 

BisJiop,  William  J>.— He  was  born 
in  Bloomfleld,  New  Jersey,  September  14, 
1827;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1849; 
studied  law  as  a  profession,  but  soon  en 
gaged  almost  exclusively  in  railroad  busi 
ness,  having  for  several  years  been  Presi 
dent  of  the  Naugatuck  Railroad  Company. 
He  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 
and  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Manufactures.  In  May,  1859,  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Buchanan  Commis 
sioner  of  Patents,  but  resigned  in  January, 
1860.  In  18GG  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
State  Legislature. 


Bissell,  William  H.—  Born  in  Hart- 
wick.  Otsego  County,  New  York,  April 
25,  1811.  He  was  self-educated,  attend 
ing  school  in  the  summer,  and  teaching 
school  in  the  winter;  he  studied  medicine, 
and  graduated,  in  1834,  at  the  Medical  Col 
lege  in  Philadelphia;  he  removed  to  Il 
linois,  and,  after  practising  his  profession 
until  1840,  was  elected  to  the  State  Legis 
lature  ;  he  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  of  Illinois;  after  practising 
with  success,  he  was,  in  1844,  elected  a 
Prosecuting  Attorney;  he  served  with 
distinction  in  the  Mexican  war,  and  es 
pecially  at  Buena  Vista,  as  Captain  of  the 
2d  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteers ;  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Il 
linois,  from  1849  to  1855 ;  and  in  185G  he 
was  elected  Governor  of  Illinois  for  four 
years,  to  the  duties  of  which  office  he  de 
voted  his  undivided  attention.  Died  at 
Springiield,  Illinois,  March  18,  1860. 

Black,  Edward  J. — Born  in  Bean- 
fort,  South  Carolina,  in  1806.  He  never 
attended  college,  but  read  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  Augusta,  Georgia, 
in  1827.  He  commenced  hfs  public  life  by 
going  into  the  State  Legislature,  where 
he  served  for  several  years,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Georgia,  in  1838,  remaining  there 
until  1845.  He  died  in  Barnwell  District, 
South  Carolina,  whither  he  had  gone,  for 
change  of  scene,  in  1846. 

Black,  Henry.— He  was  born  in 
Somerset  County,  Pennsylvania,  February 
25,  1783,  and  was  the  father  of  Judge  J. 
S.  Black;  in  1815  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature,  and  for  three  successive 
years  afterwards ;  and  in  1820  he  was  ap 
pointed  an  Associate  Judge  of  his  County, 
and  held  the  office  for  twenty  }rears.  In 
1841,  at  a  special  election,  he  was  chosen 
to  fill  the  seat  in  Congress  made  vacant  by 
the  death  of  Charles  Ogle,  serving  during 
the  extra  session  of  that  year;  and  when 
on  the  point  of  his  departure  for  Wash 
ington,  at  the  commencement  of  the  regu 
lar  session,  he  died  suddenly,  November 
28,  1841. 

Black,  James.  —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847. 

Black,  James  A.— He  was  born  la 
South  Carolina;  served  as  a  Captain  in  the 
war  of  1812 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
the  time  of  his  death.  Died  in  Washing 
ton,  April  5,  1848. 

Black,  John. — He  was  at  one  time  a 
resident  of  Louisiana,  but  removing  to 
Mississippi,  was  elected  a  Senator  in. 
Congress  from  1832  to  1838,  officiating  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Private 


BIOGBAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


41 


Land  Claims  during  the  first  term.  He 
died  in  Winchester,  Virginia,  August  29, 
1854. 

BlacTcledge,  William.  —  Presumed 
to  have  been  the  father  of  the  following. 
He  wag  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
General  Assembly  of  North  Carolina,  and 
served  that  State  as  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1803  to  1809,  and  from 
1811  to  1813.  Died  at  Spring  Hill,  Lenoir 
County,  North  Carolina,  October  19,  1828. 

Blackledge,  William  S.  —  He  was 
born  in  Pitt  County,  North  Carolina;  was 
a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
North  Carolina ;  and  he  was  elected  to  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  for  the  term  from 
1821  to  1823.  Died  in  Newbern,  North 
Carolina,  March  21,  1857,  aged  sixty-four. 

BlacJtmar,  Esbon. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  New  York,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1848  to 
1849,  for  the  unexpired  term  of  John  M. 
Holley.  He  also  served  two  years  in  the 
State  Assembly,  from  Wayne  County. 

BlacJcivell,    Julius    W.  —  He  was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1839  to 
1841,  and  again  from  1843  to  1845. 

Blaine,  James  Gillespie. — He  was 

born  in  Washington  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  in  1830;  graduated  at  Washington 
College  in  1847 ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  editor,  and,  having  removed  to  Maine, 
edited  the  "  Kennebec  Journal "  and 
"Portland  Advertiser"  for  several  years. 
He  served  four  years  in  the  Maine  Legis 
lature,  two  of  which  as  Speaker  of  the 
House ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Maine  to  the  Thirty- 
eiglith  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post 
Roads.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Military  Affairs  and  the  Special  Commit 
tee  on  the  Death  of  President  Lincoln, 
and  as  Chairman  of  that  on  the  War 
Debts  of  the  Loyal  States.  Re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Appropriations  and  Rules. 

Blair,  Austin.— Was  born  in  Caro 
line,  Tompkius  County,  New  York,  Feb 
ruary  8,  1818;  graduated  at  Union  College 
in  1839 ;  studied  law,  and,  removing  to 
Michigan,  practised  the  profession  in  that 
State.  After  holding  the  local  offices 
of  County  Clerk,  and  Prosecuting  Attor 
ney  for  his  county,  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature,  and  afterwards  to  the  Senate 
of  the  State ;  was  Governor  of  Michigan 
from  1861  to  1865,  and  in  I860  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  that  State 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Foreign  Affairs,  Rules,  and 
Militia. 


Blair,  Barnard.— lie  was  a  native 
of  New  York,  and  a  Representative  iu 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  ou  Elections. 

Blair,  Francis  P.,  Jr.  — Born  in 
Lexington,  Kentucky,  February  19,  1821; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Missouri  Legislature  in  1852  and  1854 ; 
and  elected  a  Representative  from  Mis 
souri  to  the  Thirty-Fifth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Private  Land 
Claims.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Military  Affairs.  Us  was  also  a 
Colonel  of  Volunteers  in  1861,  and  in 
1862  he  was  appointed  a  Major-General  in 
the  army,  and  was  subsequently  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress.  During 
the  first  session  of  that  Congress  he  re 
signed  his  seat  in  the  House  to  resume 
his  position  in  the  army,  but  by  the  ac 
tion  of  the  House,  subsequently  the  seat 
was  assigned  to  his  contestant,  Samuel 
Knox.  In  1866  he  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Johnson  Collector  of  Customs  for 
the  port  of  St.  Louis.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Cleveland  "  Soldiers'  Con 
vention"  of  1866 ;  and  in  December  of  that 
year  was  appointed  a  Commissioner  for 
the  Pacific  Railroad. 

Blair,  Jacob  B. — Was  born  in  Par- 
kersburg,  Wood  County,  Virginia,  April 
11,  1821;  studied  and  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law;  was  Prosecuting  Attorney 
for  Ritchie  County  for  several  years ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Vir 
ginia  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Buildings  and  Grounds.  In  1863  ho  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  West  Vir 
ginia  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Public  Expen 
ditures  and  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

Blair,  James.— He  was  born  in  Lan 
caster,  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1821  to  1822,  and  from  1829  to 
1834.  He  died  at  Washington,  by  his  own 
hand,  April  1,  1834. 

Blair,  John. — He  was  born  in  Wash 
ington  County,  Tennessee,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1823  to  1837,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Military 
Affairs.  Before  entering  Congress  he 
served  in  both  branches  of  the  State  Leg 
islature,  and  died  at  Jonesborough,  Ten 
nessee,  in  July,  1863. 

Blair,  Samuel  S.—  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a 'member  of  the 
Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims.  Re- 


42 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
and  was  placed  at  the  head  of  that  com 
mittee,  serving  also  on  several  other  com 
mittees. 

Blaisdell,  Daniel.— He  was  a  State 
Councillor  from  1803  to  1808,  and.aRepre- 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1808  to  1811.  Died  in  1832, 
aged  seventy- three  years. 

BlaJce,  Harrison  G.—  Born  in  New 
Fane,  Windham  County,  Vermont,  March 
17,  1818;  received  a  common-school  edu 
cation,  and  removed  to  Ohio  in  1830. 
Whilst  engaged  as  a  merchant's  clerk  he 
studied  law,  and  after  devoting  much  of 
his  life  to  mercantile  pursuits,  he  adopted 
the  profession  of  law.  He  has  served  four 
years  in  the  Ohio  Legislature,  and  was 
President  of  the  State  Senate  in  1848-'49 ; 
and  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Ac 
counts.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  Post  Office.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention" 
of  1866. 

BlaJce,  John,  J~r. — He  was  a  native 
of  New  York,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1805  to 
1809,  and  was  a  member'  of  the  Assembly 
of  that  State  in  1819. 

BlaJce,  TJiomas  If. —He  was  born 
in  Calvert  County,  Maryland,  June,  1792, 
and  spent  his  boyhood  in  Washington 
City.  ^  He  served  at  the  battle  of  Bladens- 
burg  in  1814;  was  an  early  emigrant  to 
the  State  of  Kentucky,  and  afterwards  to 
Indiana  while  a  Territory ;  upon  the  for 
mation  of  the  State  Government,  he  set 
tled  at  Terre  Haute ;  there  practised  law, 
and  served  on  the  bench  of  the  Circuit 
Court,  and  was  District  Attorney;  and 
subsequently  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits.  He  was,  for  many  years,  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from 
1827  to  1829.  Under  President  Tyler's 
administration  he  was  Commissioner  of 
the  General  Laud  Office,  and,  upon  his 
resignation,  was  appointed  President  of 
the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal  Company. 
He  held  this  office  at  the  time  of  his  death, 
having  just  returned  from  England,  where, 
as  the  financial  agent  of  his  State,  he  had 
made  satisfactory  arrangements  with  its 
public  creditors.  He  died  at  Cincinnati, 
while  on  liis  return  from  Washington,  No 
vember  28,  1849. 

Blanchard,  Jonathan.— lie  was  a 

Delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  in  1783  and  1784. 

Blanc7iard,  Jolin.  —  Born  in  the 
County  of  Caledonia,  Vermont,  Septem 


ber  30,  1787.  He  spent  his  boyhood  on  a 
farm ;  prepared  himself  for  college,  and 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  in  1812;  removed 
to  Pennsylvania,  and  taught  school ;  read 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1845  to  1849.  He  died 
in  Columbia,  Lancaster  County,  March  8, 
1849. 

Bland,  Richard. — He  was  a  native 
of  Virginia;  was  for  some  years  a  lead 
ing  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses. 
In  1768  he  was  one  of  the  committee  ap 
pointed  to  remonstrate  with  Parliament 
on  the  subject  of  taxation;  in  1773  was 
one  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence; 
and  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1776.  He  died  in 
1790,  aged  forty-eight  years. 

Bland,  Theodoric.  —  Was  a  native 
of  Virginia;  having  been  born  in  1742, 
and  was  the  uncle  of  John  Randolph.  He 
was  bred  a  physician,  but  upon  the  com 
mencement  of  the  American  war  he 
quitted  the  practice  for  the  army,  and 
rose  to  the  rank  of  Colonel,  and  had  the 
command  of  a  regiment  of  dragoons.  In 
1779  he  had  command  of  the  troops  at  Albe- 
marle  Barracks,  and  continued  in  that 
station  till  elected  to  a  seat  in  Congress, 
from  Virginia,  in  1780.  He  served  in  that 
body  three  j'ears.  He  was  then  chosen  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  Legislature.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  the  first  Con 
gress  under  the  Constitution,  having 
voted  for  its  adoption.  He  died  at  New 
York,  June  1,  1790,  while  attending  a  ses 
sion  of  Congress.  He  was  the  first  mem 
ber  of  Congress  whose  death  was  an 
nounced  in  that  body;  and  although 
buried  in  Trinity  church-yard,  the  sermon 
in  the  church  was  preached  by  a  pastor 
of  the  Dutch  Reformed  denomination. 
He  was  present  at  the  battle  of  Brandy- 
wine,  and  enjoyed  the  confidence  of 
George  Washington.  He  was  a  man  of 
literary  culture,  and  his  correspondence 
with  eminent  men  was  published  in  1843, 
as  "The  Bland  Papers." 

Bledsoc,  Jesse. — He  was  at  one  time 
a  distinguished  advocate  and  jurist  of 
Kentucky,  and  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1813  to  1815;  he 
was  also  Professor  of  Law  in  the  Univer 
sity  of  Transylvania,  and  Chief  Justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Kentucky.  He 
died  at  Nacogdoches,  Texas,  June  30, 
1837. 

BleecJeer,  Hermanns.  — lie   was 

born  at  Albany,  New  York,  in  1779,  and 
died  there  July  19,  1849.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1811  to  1813,  and,  by  President  Van  Bu- 
ren,  was  appointed,  in  1839,  Charge  d'Af- 
faircs  at  the  Hague.  In  1822  he  was  a 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


43 


Regent  of  the  University  of  New  York, 
aud  received  the  degree  of  LL.D. 

Bliss,  George.— Was  born  in  Jericho 
Chittenden  County,  Vermont,  January  1, 
1813;  received  an  academical  education; 
went  to  Ohio  in  his  twentieth  year,  and 
spent  one  year  in  Granville  College; 
studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1841 ; 
in  1850  he  was  appointed  President  Judge 
of  the  Eighth  Judicial  District  of  Ohio, 
serving  one  year,  or  until  the  State  Con 
stitution  was  changed ;  in  1852  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  and  in  1862  he 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  the 
Judiciary.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Uniou  Conven 
tion  "of  1866. 

Bliss,  Philemon. — Born  in  Canton, 
Connecticut,  Jtly  28,  1814;  educated  at 
rail-field  Academy,  Oneida  Institute,  and 
Hamilton  College,  New  York;  was  a  law- 
3Ter  by  profession ;  removed  to  Ohio,  and 
was  elected  President  Judge  of  the  Four 
teenth  Circuit  Court,  and,  in  1854,  a  Rep 
resentative  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Manufactures. 

Bloodworth,   Timothy.  —  He  was 

born  in  North  Carolina,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Car 
olina,  in  1790  and  1791,  and  a  Senator  of 
the  United  States  from  1795  to  1801.  He 
was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating 
the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 
He  died  August  24,  1814. 

Bloom,  Isaac.— He  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  New  York  to  the 
Eighth  Congress,  but  died  before  taking 
his  seat,  in  1803. 

Bloomfteld,  Joseph.— Born  in  the 
town  of  Woodbridge,  Middlesex  County, 
New  Jersey;  studied  law  until  1775,  when 
he  became  an  active  friend  of  the  Revolu 
tion  ;  was  afterwards  Attorney-General  for 
New  Jersey;  Governor  of  that  State  from 
1801  to  1812 ;  was  appointed  a  Brigadier- 
General  by  President  Madison;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1817  to  1821.  As  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Pen 
sions  he  reported  the  bill  granting  pen 
sions  to  soldiers  of  the  Revolutionary 
army.  He  resided  in  Burlington,  New 
Jersey,  many  years  before  his  death. 

Blount,  Thomas.— He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina;  was  a  General  of  Militia 
in  that  State;  and  a  Representative  from 
the  same  in  the  Twelfth  Congress.  Died 
in  Washington,  February  9,  1812. 

Blount,  William.— He  was  a  Dele 


gate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1782, 
1783,  1786,  and  1787,  from  North  Carolina; 
and  was  Governor  of  the  territory  south 
of  the  Ohio,  having  been  appointed  to 
that  office  in  1790.  In  1796  he  Avas  chosen 
President  of  the  Convention  of  Tennessee. 
He  was  elected  the  same  year,  by  that 
State,  to  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Sen 
ate,  but  was  expelled  in  1797,  for  having, 
as  it  was  alleged,  instigated  the  Creeks 
and  Cherokees  to  assist  the  British  in 
conquering  the  Spanish  territories  near 
the  United  States.  While  his  impeach 
ment  was  being  tried  in  the  United  States 
Senate  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  and  made  President  thereof. 
He  died  at  Knoxville,  March  10,  1810, 
aged  fifty-six  years. 

Blount,    William    G.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1815  to  1819.  Died  May  21, 
1827. 

Blow,  Henry  T. — Born  in  Southamp 
ton  County,  Virginia,  July  15,  1817;  re 
moved  to  Missouri  in  1830,  and  graduated 
at  the  St. Louis  University;  devoted  him 
self  to  the  drug  and  lead  business ;  served 
four  years  in  the  State  Senate ;  in  1861  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  Min 
ister  to  Venezuela,  which  he  resigned  in 
less  than  a  year,  and  in  1862  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Missouri, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Baltimore  Con 
vention  of  1864.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Appropriation,  Bankrupt  Law,  and 
Reconstruction. 

Boardman,  Elijah. — Born  in  New 
Milford,  Connecticut,  March  7,  1760,  and 
became  a  successful  merchant.  He  was 
frequently  a  member  of  the  Legislature, 
member  of  the  Council,  and  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1821  to 
1823.  He  died  in  Boardman,  Ohio,  Octo 
ber  8,  1823. 

Boardman  William  W.—  He  was 

born  in  New  Milford,  Connecticut,  Octo 
ber  10,  1794 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1812;  studied  law  at  Litchtield  and 
Cambridge,  aud  practised  with  success; 
was  at  one  time  Jr.dge  of  Probate ;  for 
several  years  in  the  State  Legislature, 
and  Speaker  of  the  House ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 
from  1841  to  1843. 

Bockee,  Abraham. — Born  in  the 
town  of  Northeast,  Duchess  County, 
New  York,  in  1783 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1820;  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1829  to  1831,  and  again  from  1833  to  1837; 
and  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  from 
1842  to  1845.  He  also  held  the  position, 


44 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    EECOEDS. 


in  1846,  of  first  Judge  of  the  Duchess 
County  Court.  Died  at  Poughkeepsie, 
June  1,  1865. 

BococJc,  Thomas  S.—  He  was  born 
in  Buckingham  County,  Virginia,  in  1815 ; 
graduated  at  Hampden  Sidney  College; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  was  Com 
monwealth  Attorney  for  the  County  of 
Appomattox  in  1845  and  1846;  for  several 
sessions  a  member  of  the  Virginia  House 
of  Delegates ;  and  has  been  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1847  to  1861,  serv 
ing,  for  some  jrears,  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Naval  Affairs.  Took  part 
in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a  member  of 
the  "Confederate"  Congress. 

Boden,  Alexander.— RQ  was  born 
in  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1817  to  1821. 

Bodle,  Charles. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1833  to  1835,  and  died  in  New  York 
City,  in  1836. 

Boermn,  Simon.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1777. 

BoJcee,  David  A.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  October  6,  1805 ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1849  to  1851,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Indian  Affairs ;  and  his  last  public 
position  was  that  of  Naval  Officer  of  the 
port  of  New  York,  under  President  Fill- 
more.  He  died  in  Washington,  March  16, 
1860;  he  was  on  a  visit  to  that  city,  and 
was  found  dead  in  his  room. 

Bond,  S7iadrack.—He  was  elected 
a  Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Terri 
tory  of  Illinois,  from  1811  to  1815;  and 
was  the  first  Governor  under  the  State 
Constitution.  In  1814  was  appointed  Re 
ceiver  of  Public  Moneys  in  Kaskaskia, 
Illinois.  He  died  at  Kaskaskia,  April  13, 
1832. 

Bond,  William  Key. — He  was  born 
in  St.  Mary's  County,  'Maryland ;  emi 
grated  to  Ohio  in  1812;  studied  law  and 
settled  in  the  practice  of  the  profession 
at  Chillicothe,  and  subsequently  at  Cin 
cinnati;  was  at  one  time  a  Colonel  of 
Militia ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  from  1835  to  1841.  Died  at 
Cincinnati,  February  17,  1864. 

BonJiam  Milledge  L.— He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  Col 
lege  of  that  State  in  1834 ;  is  a  lawyer  by 
profession ;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from 
his  native  State,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 


gress,  but  withdrew  in  December,  18GO. 
He  was  a  Major-General  of  Militia,  and 
served  in  Mexico  at  the  head  of  a  bat 
talion  of  South  Carolina  troops.  Served 
as  a  Major-General  in  the  Rebel  Army  iu 
1861,  and  was  Governor  of  South  Carolina 
from  1862  to  1864. 

Boody,  Azariah.  —  lSorn  in  New 
York,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  but  resigned  in  October,  1853. 

Boon,  Jtatllff.  —  He  was  born  in 
Franklin  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1781, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Indiana,  from  1825  to  1827,  and  again 
from  1829  to  1839,  officiating  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lands  during 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress.  He  died  in. 
Louisiana,  November  20,  1844. 

Booth,  Walter.  — Jiorn  in  Wood- 
bridge,  New  Haven  County,  Connecticut, 
December  8,  1791,  and  after  receiving  a 
good  school  education  in  New  Haven  he 
settled  in  the  town  of  Meridcn,  where  he 
still  resides.  He  was  for  several  years  a 
merchant  and  manufacturer,  and  for 
eighteen  years  President  of  the  Meriden 
Bank ;  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  Gen 
eral  Assembly  and  State  Senate ;  and  in 
1834  was  Associate  Judge  of  the  County 
Court.  He  was  Major-General  of  Militia, 
and  elected  a  member  of  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Public  Expenditures.  He  has  since  been 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits. 

Borden,   Nathaniel  B. — He  was 

born  in  Fall  River,  Massachusetts,  April 
15,  1801,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  the  Fall  River  District,  in 
that"  State,  from  1835  to  1839,  and  again 
from  1841  to  1843,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  Elections  and  Territo 
ries.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  in  1831,  1834,  and  1851,  and  a 
State  Senator  from  1845  to  1848.  Died  at 
Fall  River,  April  10,  1865. 

Borland,   Charles,  Jr.  —  He  was 

born  in  Orange  County,  New  York,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  Assembly 
in  1820;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1821  to  182:3;  and 
was  again  elected  to  the  Assembly  in 
1836. 

Borland,  Solon.— lie  was  born  in 
Virginia ;  was  educated  in  North  Caroli 
na;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico  as  a 
volunteer;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1844 ;  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Arkansas,  from  1848  to  1853,  and  was 
appointed,  by  President  Pierce,  Minister 
to  Central  America.  He  also  received, 
from  President  Pierce,  the  appointment 
of  Governor  of  the  Territory  of  New 
Mexico,  but  declined.  He  took  part  in. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


45 


the  Rebellion  of  18G1  as  a  Brigadier-Gen 
eral.    Died  in  Texas  early  in  1864. 

Borst,  Peter  I. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  the  County 
of  Schoharie,  New  York,  from  1829  to 
1831,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  De 
partment.  Died  at  Middleburg,  New 
York,  November  14,  1848. 

Boss,  John  L.,  Jr. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Rhode  Isl 
and,  from  1815  to  "1819. 

Bossier,  Peter  E. — Tie  was  descend 
ed  from  an  old  French  family  of  Louisi 
ana,  and,  after  serving  ten  years  in  the 
State  Senate,  he  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  from  that 
State,  and  died  in  Washington  before  the 
expiration  of  his  term,  April  24,  1844. 

Boteler,  Alexander  B.— Born  in 
Shepherclstown,  Jefl'erson  County,  Vir 
ginia,  May  1C,  1815.  After  going  through 
an  academic  course  of  studies  in  his  na 
tive  town,  he  entered  Princeton  College, 
and  graduated  in  1835,  and  since  that 
time  has  been  chiefly  devoted  to  rural  and 
literary  pursuits.  In  1852  and  185G,  he 
was  on  the  Electoral  tickets,  Whig  and 
American ;  and  in  1859  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Virginia,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  During 
a  part  of  the  Rebellion  he  served  as  a 
Representative  in  the  so-called  "  Confed 
erate  "  Congress. 

Botts,  John  M. — Born  in  Dumfries, 
Prince  William  County,  Virginia,  Septem 
ber  1C,  1802,  but  removed  with  his  father 
to  Fredericksburg,  and  subsequently  to 
Richmond.  In  1811  he  lost  his  parents, 
at  the  conflagration  of  the  Richmond  the 
atre,  and  was  sent  to  a  boarding-school. 
At  eighteen  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
practised  for  six  years,  and  then  retired 
to  a  farm  in  Henrico  County.  He  served 
in  the  Legislature  from  1833  to  1839,  when 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Virginia,  and  occupied  that 
position  until  1843 ;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  and  was  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 
He  afterwards  resumed  the  practice  of 
his  profession  in  Richmond,  where  he 
now  resides,  having,  since  1851,  declined 
all  nominations  for  public  office  in  his 
State.  During  the  Rebellion  he  remained 
faithful  to  the  Government  of  the  United 
States.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
18GG.  He  was  one  of  those  who  gave 
bail  for  Jefferson  Davis  in  18G7. 

BoucJe,  Joseph* — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1831  to 


1833,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Im 
prisonment  for  Debt. 

Bolide,  Thomas.— H.e  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1801  to  1803. 

Boudinot,  Ellas. — Was  born  in  Phil 
adelphia,  May  2,  1740.  He  studied  the  law 
and  became  eminent  in  that  profession. 
At  an  early  period  of  the  Revolutionary 
war  he  was  appointed  by  Congress  Com 
missary  General  of  Prisoners.  In  the 
year  1777  he  was  chosen  a  member  of 
Congress,  and  in  1782  was  made  Presi 
dent  of  that  body.  After  the  adoption  of 
the  Constitution  he  entered  the  House 
of  Representatives  from  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  continued  from  1781)  to  1795. 
He  then  succeeded  Rittenhouse  as  Direc 
tor  of  the  Mint  of  the  United  States,  —  an 
office  which  he  resigned  in  the  course  of  a 
few  years,  and  lived  from  that  time  at 
Burlington,  New  Jersey.  He  devoted 
himself  earnestly  to  biblical  literature, 
and,  being  possessed  of  an  ample  fortune, 
made  munificent  donations  to  various 
charitable  and  theological  institutions. 
The  American  Bible  Society,  of  which  he 
became  President,  was  particularly  an  ob 
ject  of  his  bounty.  He  died  at  Burling 
ton,  New  Jersey,  October  24,  1821.  He 
published  several  books,  and  was  devoted 
to  Natural  History. 

Bouldin,  James  W. — He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1833  to 
1839,  having  been  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  in  place  of  his  brother, 
T.  T.  Bouldiu,  deceased. 

Bouldin,  Thomas  T. — He  was  born 
in  Virginia ;  spent  his  youth  in  farming ; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  reached 
a  high  judicial  position ;  was  a  member 
of  Congress  from  Virginia,  from  1829  to 
1833,  and  died  in  the  Capitol,  at  Wash 
ington,  February  11,  1834.  He  had  been 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
but  died  soon  after  entering  upon  his 
third  term.  On  the  day  preceding  his 
death  he  was  censured  by  a  colleague  for 
omitting  to  call  the  attention  of  the  House 
to  the  death  of  his  predecessor,  John  Ran 
dolph  ;  and  he  had  risen  to  reply,  when  he 
was  seized  with  paralysis,  sank  down  into 
a  chair,  and  died  immediately.  Before 
entering  Congress  he  had  been  a  lawyer 
of  high  rank,  and  an  able  and  upright 
judge,  and  highly  respected  for  his  talents 
and  integrity. 

Bouligney,  Dominique.— lie  was 

born  in  Louisiana;  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1824  to  1829,  and  died  in 
1833. 

BouUgney,  John  Edmund.— HQ 


46 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECORDS. 


was  born  in  New  Orleans,  February  5, 
1824,  and  was  of  Creole  descent ;  received 
a  good  education;  held  several  offices  of 
trust  in  his  native  city,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Louisiana,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress.  Of  the  represent 
atives  of  twelve  millions  of  people,  he 
was  the  only  one  who  refused  to  abandon 
his  State  to  the  leaders  of  the  secession 
movement,  and  he  continued  in  Congress 
until  the  close  of  his  term.  He  died  in 
Washington,  of  consumption,  February 
20,  1864.  Dominique  Bouliguey,  formerly 
a  Senator  from  Louisina,  was  his  uncle. 

Bourne,  Benjamin. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Bristol,  lihode  Island,  and  was 
born  about  the  year  1755,  and  educated  at 
Harvard  College,  where  he  graduated  in 
1775.  He  was  conspicuous  for  talents 
and  learning,  and  spent  a  large  part  of  his 
life  in  public  and  honorable  employments. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Rhode  Island,  from  1790  to  1796, 
when  he  resigned,  and  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  United  States  District  Court 
of  Rhode  Island.  'He  died  September  17, 
1808. 

Bourne,    Shearjasub.—  He  was  a 

graduate  of  Harvard  College  in  1764;  was 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  for  Suffolk  County,  Massachusetts ; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1791  to  1795.  He  died  in  1806. 

Boutivell,  George  S. — He  was  born 
in  Brooklinc,  Norfolk  County,  Massachu 
setts,  January  28,  1818.  When  a  boy  he 
had  some  experience  in  farming;  was  in 
the  mercantile  business,  as  apprentice, 
clerk,  and  proprietor,  for  twenty  years ; 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  some 
what  late  in  life;  served  seven  years  in 
the  Massachusetts  Legislature,  between 
the  years  1842  and  1850;  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1853,  and  also  of  the  Peace 
Congress  of  1861 ;  was  a  Bank  Commis 
sioner  in  1849  and  1850;  was  Governor 
of  Massachusetts  in  1851  and  1852;  Sec 
retary  of  the  Massachusetts  Board  of 
Education  for  five  years ;  member  for  six 
years  of  the  Board  of  Overseers  of  Har 
vard  College ;  and  was  the  first  Commis 
sioner  of  Internal  Revenue  from  July, 
1862,  to  March,  1863.  In  1862  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Massachu 
setts,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Judiciary  Committee.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Ju 
diciary,  Reconstruction,  on  a  Bureau  of 
Education,  and  Free  Schools  in  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  " Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
1866,  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  his  old  committees.  A 
volume  of  his  "  Speeches  and  Papers " 
was  published  in  1867;  and  in  1868  he 


was  one  of  the  Managers  in  the  Impeach 
ment  trial  of  Andrew  Johnson. 

Bovee,  Matthias  J".— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Ex 
penditures  in  the  War  Department. 

Bowden,  Lemuel  .J.— Was  born  in 
the  North  Neck  of  Virginia,  in  1812;  grad 
uated  at  William  and  Mary  College ;  was 
a  lawyer  by  profession ;  served  three  ses 
sions  in  the  Virginia  Legislature;  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  for  amending 
the  State  Constitution  in  1849;  also  of  the 
Convention  for  the  same  purpose  in  1851 ; 
was  Presidential  Elector  in  1861;  and 
suffered  much  in  his  estate,  from  the 
rebel  armies,  during  the  early  part  of 
the  Rebellion.  While  our  troops  were  at 
Williamsburg,  he  did  much  for  the  com 
fort  of  our  officers  and  men ;  and  in  1863 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Virginia,  but  died  in  Washington 
City,  January  2,  1864.  In  the  Senate  he 
served  on  the  Committees  on  Pensions 
and  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads. 

Boivdon,  FranTclin  W.—  Born  in 
Alabama,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1846  to  1851,  from  his  na- 
tive'State.  In  1852  he  removed  to  Texas, 
and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  the  law. 
He  died  at  Henderson,  Texas,  June  6,  1857. 

Boiven,  John  S. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1813  to  1815. 

Bower,    Gustavus    B.  —  He    was 

born  iu  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Missouri,  from 
1843  to  1845. 

Boivers,  <To7m  M. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative-  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1813  to  1814. 

Botvle,  Ulchard  I. — He  was  born  in 
Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia,  June 
23,  1807.  He  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  his 
nineteenth  year,  and,  subsequently,  to 
practice  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Uni 
ted  States.  In  1836  and  1837  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Maryland; 
in  1840  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Harris- 
burg  Convention,  called  to  nominate  a 
President;  and  he  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1849  to  1853.  It  is 
claimed  by  his  friends  that  he  made  the 
first  speech  in  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  on  the  Compromise  measures  of 
1850. 

Botvie,  TJiomas  F.—  Born  at  Queen 
Ann,  Prince  George's  County,  Maryland, 
April  7,  1808;  graduated,  in  1837,  at 
Union  College,  New  York-  adopted  tho 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


47 


profession  of  law;  served  as  Deputy 
Attorney-General  for  Prince  George's 
County  sixteen  years ;  served  three  terras 
in  the  Legislature  of  Maryland,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Maryland, 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gresses.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Bowie,  Walter.— Re  was  born  in 
Maryland;  was  a  member  of  the  Mary 
land  Convention  of  1776 ;  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1802  to  1805. 

Bowlin,  James  B.— Born  in  Spott- 
sylvania  County,  Virginia,  in  1804.  He 
was  reared  a  mechanic,  but  obtained  a  com 
mon-school  education;  and,  after  study 
ing  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  in 
Greenbrier  County,  in  1827.  In  1833  he 
removed  to  St.  Louis,  Missouri;  in  1834 
was  appointed  Chief  Clerk  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives,  and  in  1835 
was  elected  a  momber  of  the  Legislature. 
In  1837  he  was  made  District  Attorney  for 
St.  Louis;  soon  after  Attorney  for  the 
Bank  of  St.  Louis;  in  1839  he  was  elected 
Judge  of  the  Criminal  Court;  and  was  a 
Representative,  in  Congress,  from  Mis 
souri,  from  1843  to  1851.  In  1858  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  Com 
missioner  to  Paraguay. 

Boivne,  Obadiah.—Ke  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Boivne,  Samuel  S.—  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1834, 
and  a  Representative,  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1841  to  1843.  In  1857  he 
was  Judge  of  Otsego  County,  and  held 
various  other  positions  of  trust  and  honor, 
among  them  that  of  Deputy  Collector  of 
New  York  City.  Died  in  Otsego  County, 
July  15,  18G5,  aged  seventy  years. 

Boyce,     William     W.  —  Born     in 

Charleston,  South  Carolina,  October  24, 
1819,  and  was  educated  at  the  South  Caro 
lina  College  and  Virginia  University.  He 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  of  South  Caro 
lina  in  1842,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1853  to  December,  I860, 
when  he  resigned.  He  took  part  in  the 
Rebellion  as  a  member  of  the  "  Confeder 
ate"  Congress.  His  tastes  are  of  a  liter- 
aiy  character,  and  he  is  said  to  be  a  hard 
student.  When  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  he  served  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  of  Elections,  and  at  the 
time  of  his  leaving  Congress  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  of  Thirty-three 
on  the  Rebellious  States.  He  subsequent 
ly  settled  in  Washington  City. 

Boyd,  Adam,— He  was  a  Represent 


ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1803  to  1805,  and  again  from  1808  to  1813. 
He  was  an  active  supporter  of  the  Revolu 
tion,  and  a  man  of  strong  natural  ability. 
He  died  in  Hackensack,  New  Jersey,  at  an 
advanced  age. 

Boyd,  Alexander. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1813  to  1815. 

Boyd,  John  S. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853.  He  was  a  member,  in  1840,  of  the 
State  Assembly,  from  Washington  County. 

Boyd,  Linn. — Was  born  in  Nashville, 
Tennessee,  November  22,  1800.  His  early 
advantages  were  limited,  but  on  arriving 
at  man's  estate  he  removed  to  Kentucky, 
entered  into  politics,  and  in  1827  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that  State, 
from  Galloway  County,  serving  three  ses 
sions,  and  in  1831  was  re-elected  for  an 
other  session,  from  Trigg  County.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Kentucky,  from  1835  to  1837,  from  1839  to 
1847,  and  again  from  1847  to  1855.  He  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Territories 
during  the  Thirty-first  Congress ;  and  dur 
ing  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  occupied  the  chair  of  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Representatives,  lie  also 
served  one  term  as  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  Kentucky.  During  his  career  in  Congress 
he  labored  faithfully  and  constantly  for  his 
constituents,  and  retired  to  private  life 
with  a  high  reputation.  Died  in  Paclucah, 
Kentucky,  December  16,  1859. 

Boyd,    Sempronius   JET.— He   was 

born  in  Williamson  County,  Tennessee, 
May  28,  1823;  received  a  good  English 
education;  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
in  1861  raised  a  regiment  for  the  war  and 
became  its  commander,  the  same  having 
acquired  reputation  as  the  "  Lyon  legion ; " 
and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Missouri,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Indian  Affairs,  and  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Unfinished  Business.  Sub 
sequently  resumed  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession. 

Boyden,  NatJianiel.—TSoi'n  in  Frank 
lin  Township,  Massachusetts,  August  16, 
1796 ;  he  graduated  at  Union  College,  New 
York,  in  1820;  in  1821  removed  to  North 
Carolina;  there  he  taught  school,  studied 
law,  and  was  elected  a  number  of  times  to 
the  State  Legislature.  He  was  in  Con 
gress  as  a  Representative,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1847  to  1849,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Navy  Department ;  he  declined 
a  re-election,  for  the  purpose  of  devoting 
his  whole  attention  to  the  practice  of  his 
profession. 


48 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


Boyer,  Benjamin   M.  —  He    was 

born  in  Montgomery  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  January  22, 1823 ;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Pennsylvania  in  1841 ;  studied 
law  and  adopted  that  profession ;  was 
District  Attorney  for  his  native  county 
from  1848  to  1850 ;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Revolutionary  Pensions,  the 
Militia,  the  War  Debts  of  Loyal  States, 
and  the  New  Orleans  Riots.  Re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 

Boyle,  John. — He  was  born  in  Ken 
tucky  j  liberally  educated,  and  a  lawyer  by 
profession,  lie  was  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Kentucky,  also  Chief  Jus 
tice  of  the  State;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1803  to 
1803,  when  he  was  appointed  Governor  of 
Illinois  Territory.  He  was  a  distinguished 
and  successful  lawyer,  and  able  judge, 
and  died  in  Kentucky,  January  28,  1834. 
During  the  eight  years  immediately  pre 
ceding  his  death,  he  was  Judge  of  the 
United  States  District  Court  for  Ken 
tucky,  having  been  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Adams. 

Brabson,  Reese  B.— Born  in  Ten 
nessee,  and  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Invalid  Pensions.  Died  in  Tennessee,  in 
September,  1863. 

Brace,  Jonathan, — He  was  born  in 
Harrington,  Connecticut,  November  12, 
1754,  and  died  at  Hartford,  Connecticut, 
August  26,  1837.  He  was  a  graduate  of 
Yale  College  in  1779,  and  was  elected  a 
Judge  of  "Probate,  Chief  Judge  of  the 
Hartford  County  Court,  and  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  1798  to  1800.  He 
was  also  frequently  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  at  one  time  State  Attorney  for  Hart 
ford  County,  and  for  nine  years  Mayor  of 
Hartford. 

Bradbury,  George.— Was  born  in 
Portland,  then  called  Falmouth,  Massa 
chusetts,  in  1770.  He  graduated  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1789,  and  immediately 
commenced  the  study  of  law.  He  estab 
lished  himself  in  the  practice  at  Portland, 
now  Maine.  From  1806  to  1810  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  also 
in  1811  and  1812.  In  1812  he  was  chosen 
to  represent  the  Cumberland  District, 
Massachusetts,  in  Congress,  as  successor 
to  William  Widgery,  whose  vote  on,  and 
support  of  war  measures,  rendered  him 
unpopular  with  his  constituents.  Mr. 
Bradbury  received  the  approbation  of  a 
second  election  in  1814.  After  this  ser 
vice  he  returned  to  his  profession,  which 
he  pursued  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
took  place  in  Portland,  November  7,  1823, 


having  been  Associate  Clerk  of  a  Court  in 
Portland  from  1817  to  1820,  and  a  State 
Senator  in  1822. 

Bradbury,  James  IF.— He  was 
born  in  Maine,  in  1805;  graduated  at 
Bowdoin  College  in  1825;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law;  was  a  County  Attorney 
from  1834  to  1838 ;  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1844 ;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1847  to  1853,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Printing. 

Bradbury,  Theophilus. — Was  born 
in  that  portion  of  Newbury  now  New- 
buryport,  in  1739.  Having  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  at  the  age  of  eighteen, 
he  then  studied  law,  and  practised  in 
Falmouth,  Maine,  until  1779,  Avhen  he 
returned  to  his  native  town.  After  filling 
several  local  offices,  he  was  chosen  to 
represent  the  Essex  District  in  Congress, 
from  1795  to  1797,  when  he  resigned. 
He  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1801. 
About  six  years  before  his  death,  which 
occurred  September  G,  1803,  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Massachusetts. 

Bradford,  Allen  A.— He  was  bora 
in  Friendship,  Lincoln  County,  Maine, 
July  23,  1815 ;  spent  his  boyhood  on  a 
farm,  and  received  a  common-school  and 
academical  education ;  emigrated  to  Mis 
souri  in  1841,  where  he  studied  law  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1843 ;  and  in  1845  he 
was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of 
Atchison  County,  which  office  he  held  for 
five  years.  In  1851  he  removed  to  Iowa, 
and  in  1852  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the 
Sixth  Judicial  District  of  that  State, 
which  he  resigned  in  1855.  During  the 
latter  year  he  removed  to  the  Territory 
of  Nebraska,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislative  Council  of  the  Territory  in 
1856,  1857,-  and  1858.  In  1800  he  settled 
in  Colorado,  and  was  appointed,  in  1862, 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  that  Ter 
ritory,  which  position  he  held  until  elected 
a  Delegate  from  Colorado  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
National  Committee  appointed  to  accom 
pany  the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to 
Illinois. 

Bradford,  William.— Was  born  at 
Plympton,  Massachusetts,  November  4, 
1729.  He  studied  medicine,  and  estab 
lished  himself  in  practice  at  Warren, 
Rhode  Island,  but  afterwards  removed  to 
Bristol.  He  then  turned  his  attention  to 
the  law,  and  became  one  of  the  most  dis 
tinguished  civilians  of  that  State.  He 
took  an  active  part  in  the  cause  of  his 
country  during  the  Revolution,  and  after 
wards  held  many  important  stations.  He 
was  Lieutenaut-Governor  of  the  State, 
and  a  member  of  the  United  States  Sen 
ate,  from  Rhode  Island,  from  1793  to  1797, 
when  he  resigned.  He  was  President  pro 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


49 


tern,  of  the  Senate  during  a  part  of  the 
Fifth  Congress.    He  died  July  6,  1808. 

Bradley,  Edward. — He  was  born 
in  East  Bloomtield,  Ontario  County,  New 
York,  in  April,  1808 ;  spent  his  boyhood 
on  a  farm;  when  twenty-eight  years  of 
age  he  was  appointed  Associate  Judge  of 
the  Common  Pleas  of  that  County ;  in 
1839  he  removed  to  Michigan  and  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law;  in  1842  he  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  Michigan;  and 
was  a  Representative  from  that  State  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress.  He  died  in  New 
York  City,  while  on  a  tour  for  the  benefit 
of  his  health,  August  5,  1847. 

Bradley,  Stephen  H.—  He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1775.  He  was  a  General  of 
Militia,  the  intimate  friend  of  General 
Ethan  Allen,  and  the  aid  of  General  Woos- 
ter  when  that  officer  fell  in  a  skirmish 
with  the  enemy.  He  was  a  lawyer  by 
profession,  and  the  first  Senator  from 
Vermont  in  the  Congress  of  the  United 
States,  serving  from  1791  to  1795,  and 
from  1801  to  1813 ;  a  man  of  eminent  abil 
ity,  but  of  eccentric  habits ;  and  died  in 
New  Hampshire,  December  16,  1830,  aged 
seventy-six  years.  During  a  part  of  the 
Seventh  and  Tenth  Congresses  he  offi 
ciated  as  President  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate. 

Bradley,  William  C. — Born  at 
Westminster,  Vermont,  March  23,  1782. 
He  entered  Yale  College,  and  was  com 
pelled  to  leave  when  a  freshman,  in  1796, 
and  yet,  in  1817,  the  Corporation  of  the 
Institution  surprised  him  with  the  degree 
of  M.  A.  He  studied  law  with  his  father, 
Stephen  R.  Bradley,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1802.  The  public  positions 
held  by  him  are  as  follows :  From  1800 
to  1803,  Secretary  of  Commissioners  of 
Bankruptcy;  from  1804  to  1811,  State's 
Attorney  for  Windham  County,  and  part 
of  this  period  Clerk  of  Westminster;  in 
1806-7,  Representative  in  the  State  Legis 
lature  ;  in  1812,  member  of  the  State 
Council;  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1813  to  1815;  from  1817  to  1822, 
agent  of  the  United  States  under  the 
Treaty  of  Ghent ;  again  in  Congress  from 
1823  to  1827;  in  1850  again  in  the  State 
Legislature ;  in  1856  a  Presidential  Elec 
tor  ;  in  1857  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention ;  and  in  1858  took 
formal  leave  of  the  bar,  at  which  he  had 
practised  for  fifty-four  years,  conferring 
honor  upon  his  native  State  and  winning 
a  spotless  reputation  .as  a  man.  Died  at 
Westminster,  Vermont,  March  3,  1867. 

Bradshaw,  Samuel  C.— He  was 
born  in  Plumstead  Township,  Bucks 
County,  Pennsylvania,  June  10,  1809; 
received  a  common-school  education; 
studied  medicine,  and  graduated  at  the 
Pennsylvania  Medical  College  in.  1833; 


and  was  a  Representative,  from  his  native 
State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Brady,  Jasper  E.—  He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1847 
to  1849.  He  subsequently  settled  in  the 
practice  of  law  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylva 
nia,  and  afterwards  in  Washington  City. 

Bragg,  John.  —  He  was  born  iu 
North  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Alabama,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Bragg,  T/towas.— Born  in  Warren- 
ton,  Warren  County,  North  Carolina,  No 
vember  9,  1810;  was  chiefly  educated  at 
the  Military  Academy,  at  Middletown, 
Connecticut ;  studied  law  and  commenced 
practice  in  1831 ;  in  1842  was  elected  to 
the  Assembly  of  his  State ;  in  1853  was  a 
Presidential  Elector;  was  Governor  of 
North  Carolina  for  two  terms,  from  1855 
to  1859;  and  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1859,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Pub 
lic  Lands  and  Claims.  Expelled  from  the 
Senate  in  July,  1861,  having  previously 
taken  part  in  the  Rebellion  as  Attorney- 
General  of  the  so-called  Confederate 
States. 

Brainerd,  Lawrence  L.— He  was 

a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
during  the  session  of  1854-'5,  for  the 
tinexpired  term  of  William  Upham,  de 
ceased.  He  was  for  many  years  a  leading 
business  man  in  the  town  of  St.  Albans. 

Branch,  John.  —  Born  in  Halifax 
County,  North  Carolina,  November  4, 
1782 ;  '  graduated  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1801 ;  studied  and  prac 
tised  law;  in  1811  was  elected  a  State 
Senator;  re-elected  every  year  until  1817; 
was  then  elected  Governor  of  the  State; 
again  entered  the  State  Senate  in  1822; 
served  in  the  United  States  Senate  from 
1823  to  1829 ;  and  was  in  the  latter  year 
appointed  Secretary  of  the  Navy  by  Presi 
dent  Jackson.  On  his  return  home  from 
Washington,  in  1831,  he  was  elected  to  a 
seat  in  Congress  as  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  in  1834  he  was  again 
elected  to  the  State  Senate;  in  1835, 
elected  a  member  of  the  Convention  to 
revise  the  State  Constitution ;  and  in  1843, 
was  appointed  Governor  of  the  Territory 
of  Florida ;  after  which  he  retired  to  pri 
vate  life,  to  enjoy  iu  peace  the  love  and 
respect  of  his  many  friends.  Died  at 
Enficld,  North  Carolina,  January  4,  1863. 

Branch,  Lawrence    O'Brien. — 

Born  in  North  Carolina  in  1820;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1838 ;  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  North  Carolina  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  re-elected 


50 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gresses,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittees  on  Territories  and  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  He  took  part  in  the  Great  Re 
bellion  as  a  General,  and  was  killed  at 
the  battle  of  Sharpsburg,  September  17, 
1862. 

Brandegee,    Augustus.— He    was 

born  in  New  London,  Connecticut,  July 
15,  1828;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1849,  and  at  the  Yale  Law  School  in  1851 ; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  was  elected 
in  1854,  1858,  1859,  and  1861,  a  member  of 
the  Connecticut  Legislature,  having  been 
chosen  Speaker  in  the  latter  year;  in 
1861,  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Con 
necticut  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  Naval  Affairs  and  Expenditures  on 
Public  Buildings,  and  also  as  Chairman 
of  a  special  Committee  on  the  Air-line 
Railroad  from  Washington  to  New  York. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Baltimore 
Convention  of  1864.  He-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Naval  Affairs,  Revolution 
ary  Pensions,  and  the  Postal  Railroad  to 
New  York.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention" 
of  1866. 

Bray  ton,    Willlain  D.  —  He  was 

born  in  Warwick,  Kent  County,  Rhode 
Island,  November  6,  1815.  He  was  edu 
cated  at  Brown  University,  and,  ill  health 
preventing  him  from  following  a  seden 
tary  profession,  he  entered  into  active 
mercantile  pursuits ;  he  held  the  position 
for  some  time  of  Town  Clerk;  was  elected 
in  1841  to  the  State  Assembly,  serving 
two  terms ;  after  serving  for  two  years  in 
the  Town  Councils,  part  of  the  time  as 
President,  he  was  in  1848  elected  to  the 
State  Senate;  again  elected  to  the  State 
Assembly  in  1851 ;  elected  a  second  time 
to  the  Senate  in  1855,  was  Presidential 
Elector  in  1856 ;  and  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  from  Rhode  Island  of  the  Thirty-fifth 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Patents  and  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Expenditures 
on  the  Public  Buildings. 

Braxton,  Carter.  —  Born  on  the 
Mattapony  River,  Virginia,  September  10, 
1736 ;  graduated  at  the  College  of  William 
and  Mary;  inheriting  a  large  fortune,  he 
spent  three  years  in  England ;  in  1760,  he 
was  elected  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  in 
which  he  was  conspicuous;  was  Sheriff 
of  King  and  Queen  County  for  a  time ;  on 
the  commencement  of  the  Avar,  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  of  Safety ;  was 
a  Delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1776,  and  signed  the 
Declaration  of  Independence;  after  that 
service,  frequently  served  in  the  Virginia 
Legislature;  and,  having  lost  his  large 


property  by  the  war,  was,  subsequently, 
greatly  perplexed  in  his  financial  circum 
stances.  Died  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  of 
paralysis,  October  10,  1797. 

BrecJe,  Daniel. — He  was  born  near 
Boston,  Massachusetts,  in  1788 ;  graduated 
at  Dartmouth  College  in  1812 ;  he  studied 
law,  and  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1814; 
soon  after  commenced  the  practice  of  his 
profession  there.  His  first  public  position 
in  Kentucky  was  that  of  Judge  of  a  County 
Court;  in  1824  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  re-elected  five  years ;  from 
1835  until  1843  he  was  President  of  the 
Branch  Bank  of  Kentucky,  at  Richmond; 
in  1840  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector;  in 
1843  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Kentucky ;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1849  to  1851,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Manufactures. 
The  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred  upon 
him  by  the  Transylvania  University  in 
1843,  and  he  has  attained  the  title  of 
Colonel  in  the  Militia  service.  After  leav 
ing  Congress  he  resumed  the  office  of  Bank 
President. 

BrecJc,  Samuel.  —  He  was  born  in 
Boston,  July  17,  1771;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1823  to  1825,  and  died  in  Philadelphia, 
September  1,  1862. 

BrecJcinridge,  James.—  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1809  to  1817. 

BrecJcinridge,  James  D.— He  was 

born  in  Jefferson  County,  Kentucky,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1821  to  1823.  He  died  at 
Louisville,  May,  1849. 

BrecJcinridge,  JoJin.  —  Was  a  Vir 
ginian  by  birth,  and  the  author  and  advo 
cate  of  the  celebrated  "Resolutions  of 
1798-'99  "  in  the  Legislature  of  that  State. 
Emigrating  to  Kentucky,  he  was  elected 
United  States  Senator  in  1801,  and  was 
appointed  Attorney-General  of  the  United 
States,  by  President  Jefferson,  in  January 

1805,  holding  that  office  until   January, 

1806.  One  of  his  sons,  Robert  C.  Breck- 
inridge,  is  a  distinguished  Presbyterian 
divine ;  another,  John  Cabell  Breckinridge, 
was  an  eminent  lawyer,  and  the  father  of 
Vice-President  Breckinridge.    He  died  at 
Lexington,  Kentucky,  December  14,  1806. 

BrecJcinridge,  John  C.  —  He  was 

born-near  Lexington,  Kentucky,  January 
16,  1821 ;  was  educated  at  Centre  College, 
Kentucky ;  spent  a  few  months  at  Prince 
ton  ;  studied  law  at  the  Transylvania  Insti 
tute,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Lex 
ington.  He  emigrated  to  Burlington, 
Iowa,  where  he  remained  for  a  time,  but 
returned  to  Lexington,  where  he  has  since 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


51 


resided,  and  when  not  engaged  in  public 
duties  has  practised  his  profession  with 
success.  He  served  as  a  Major  of  Infantry 
during  the  war  with  Mexico,  and  while  in 
that  country  distinguished  himself  as  the 
counsel  of  Major-General  Pillow  during 
the  famous  court-martial.  On  his  return 
from  Mexico  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  the  Ashland  District,  from 
1851  to  1855.  During  his  administration, 
President  Pierce  tendered  to  him  the  mis 
sion  to  Spain;  but  family  affairs  compelled 
him  to  decline  the  honor.  He  was  elected 
Vice-President  of  the  United  States  in 
1856,  on  the  ticket  with  James  Buchanan, 
and  entered  upon  the  duties  of  his  office  in 
March,  1857,  as  President  of  the  United 
States  Senate.  In  18G1  he  went  into  the 
Senate  as  the  successor  of  Mr.  Crittenden. 
In  1860  he  was  nominated  by  the  Southern 
Democratic  party  as  their  candidate  for 
President,  but  was  defeated.  He  was  ex 
pelled  from  the  Senate  on  the  4th  December, 
1801 ;  and  took  part  in  the  Great  llebellkm 
as  a  General. 

Breese,  Sidney.  —  He  was  born  in 
Whitesborough,  Oiieida  County,  New 
York.  July  15,  1800.  He  attended  Hamil 
ton  College,  but  graduated  at  Union  Col 
lege.  He  removed  to  Illinois,  and,  after 
due  preparation,  and  before  becoming  of 
age,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  His  first 
public  position  was  that  of  Captain  of 
Militia,  after  which  he  became  Assistant 
Secretary  of  State  under  Secretary  Kane, 
and  was  appointed  Postmaster  of  Kaskas- 
kia.  In  1822  he  was  appointed  State  Attor 
ney,  which  office  he  held  until  1827,  when 
he  was  appointed  Attorney  of  the  United 
States  for  Illinois.  In  1829  he  published 
a  volume  of  Decisions  of  t,he  Supreme 
Court,  which  now  bears  his  name,  and 
was  the  first  octavo  volume  published  in 
the  State;  he  served  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war  as  a  Lieutenant  of  Volunteers.  In 
1835  he  was  elected  a  Circuit  Judge.  He 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Illinois, 
from  1843  to  1849  and  officiated  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lands ; 
he  was  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Insti 
tute  during  President  Polk's  administra 
tion.  In  1850  he  went  into  the  Illinois 
Legislature,  and  was  elected  Speaker.  He 
was  one  of  the  originators  of  the  Illinois 
Central  Railroad.  In  1855  he  was  again 
placed  under  the  Circuit  Court  bench,  and 
having  been  made  Chief  Judge,  still  holds 
the  position. 

Brengle,  Francis. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845.  Died  December  10,  1846. 

Brent,  Richard. — He  was 'born  in 
Virginia;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Virginia,  from  1795  to  1799, 
and  again  from  1801  to  1803 ;  and  a  Sena 


tor  in  Congress  from  1809  to  1814.    He 
died  December  30,  1814. 

Brent,  William  L.—  He  was  born  in 
Charles  County,  Maryland,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Louisiana, 
from  1823  to  1829.  Died  in  July,  1848. 

Brenton,  Samuel.— lie  was  a  native 
of  Gallatin  County,  Kentucky;  was  a 
Minister  of  the  Gospel  from  the  age  of 
twenty  until  1848,  when,  stricken  by  pa 
ralysis,  he  resigned,  and  was  appointed 
Register  of  the  Fort  Wayne  Land  Office. 
He  was  elected  to  Congress,  from  Indiana, 
in  1851,  and  again  in  1855.  He  was  also 
President  of  the  Fort  Wayne  College.  He 
died  March  29,  1857,  aged  forty-eight 
years. 

Brevard,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Iredell  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1819  to  1821. 

Breivster,  David  P.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1843. 

Bridges,  George  W.—  Was  born  in 
McMinn  County,  Tennessee,  October  9, 
1825 ;  was  educated  at  the  East  Tennessee 
University;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  was  Attorney-General  of  the  State  in 
1849  and  in  1854,  holding  the  office  for 
eleven  years ;  held  the  positions  of  Bank 
Attorney  and  Railroad  Director;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1860;  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  in  1861,  to  serve  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress ;  but,  having  been  ar 
rested  by  the  "Confederates"  during  the 
Rebellion,  did  not  take  his  seat  until  to 
wards  the  close  of  the  last  session. 

Bridges,  Samuel  A.—  He  was  born 
in  Colchester,  Connecticut,  January  27, 
1802 ;  received  an  academic  education,  and 
graduated  at  Williamstown  College  in 
1826;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1829.  In  1830  he  removed  to 
Pennsylvania ;  was  for  seven  years  Deputy 
Attorney-General  of  the  State  for  Lehigh 
County;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1848  to 
1849,  and  from  1853  to  1855. 

Briggs,  George.  — lie  was  born  in 
Fulton  County,  New  York,  in  1805,  but  re 
moved  to  Vermont  in  1813,  to  the  Legis 
lature  of  which  State  he  was  elected  in 
1837.  In  1838  he  settled  in  the  City  of 
New  York,  and  for  many  years  devoted 
himself  to  the  hardware  business,  by  which 
he  amassed  a  fortune.  He  represented  the 
City  of  New  York  in  Congress,  from  1849 
to  1853,  and  in  1858  was  elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 


52 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


Claims.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  1866. 

Brif/gs,  George  N. — He  was  born  in 
Adams,  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts, 
April  12,  1796;  commenced  life  by  learning 
the  trade  of  a  hatter ;  spent  one  year  in  an 
academy;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1818 ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1831  to  1843,  officiating  during  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  Post  Office;  and  from  1844 
to  1851  was  Governor  of  Massachusetts. 
From  1853  to  1859  he  also  held  the  position 
of  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas; 
having  been  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  of  1853,  and  Regis 
ter  of  Deeds  from  1824  to  1831.  He  was  a 
Trustee  of  Williams  College  for  sixteen 
years;  a  noted  advocate  of  the  Temper 
ance  Cause;  died  in  1861  from  the  efl'ects 
of  an  accident  received  from  a  gun;  and 
an  interesting  biography  of  him  was  pub 
lished  in.  1866,  by  Rev.  Win.  C.  Richards. 

BriffJiam,  Elijah.— He  was  a  native 
of  Northborough,  Massachusetts ;  a  grad 
uate  of  Dartmouth  College  in  1778 ;  studied 
law  at  Harvard ;  was  a  merchant  by  occu 
pation  ;  held  many  positions  of  trust  and 
responsibility;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1811  to  1816,  when  he  resigned.  He  died 
in  Washington  City,  of  croup,  April  22, 
1816,  aged  sixty-six  years. 

Bright,  Jesse  D.— Born  at  Norwich, 
Chenango  County,  New  York,  December 
18,  1812;  received  an  academic  education, 
and  studied  law  as  a  profession.  He  was 
Circuit  Judge  of  Indiana,  State  Senator, 
Marshal  of  the  United  States  for  the  Dis 
trict  of  Indiana,  and  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  that  State.  He  was  a  United  States 
Senator  from  Indiana,  from  1845  to  1857, 
and  President  of  the  Senate  during  several 
sessions.  He  was  elected  for  an  additional 
term  in  1857,  for  six  years,  and  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings 
and  Grounds,  and  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittees  on  Finance  and  the  Pacific  Rail 
road.  Expelled  for  disloyalty  in  February, 
1862.  He  subsequently  settled  in  Ken 
tucky  and  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of 
that  State. 

BrinJcerJioff,  Henry  JR.— He  was 
born  in  Adams  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1788,  and  emigrated  at  an  early  period  to 
New  York.  During  the  last  war  with 
England  he  served  in  command  of  a  vol 
unteer  company,  and  distinguished  him 
self  at  the  battle  of  Queenstown.  He  was 
twice  elected  to  the  New  York  Legisla 
ture,  and  for  many  years  held  the  office  of 
Major-General  of  the  New  York  Militia. 
In  1837  he  removed  to  Ohio,  and  was 
elected  to  Congress,  as  Representative 


from  that  State,  in  1843,  but  died  before 
the  expiration  of  his  term,  in  Huron 
County,  Ohio,  April  30,  1844. 

BrinJeerhoff,  Jacob.— lie  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1843  to 
1847. 

Bristow,  Francis  M.  —  Born  near 
Nicholasville,  Jessamine  County,  Ken 
tucky,  August  11,  1804;  received  a  good 
English  education;  studied  law,  but  di 
vided  his  time  between  that  profession 
and  farming;  in  1831  and  1833  he  was 
elected  to  the  Kentucky  Legislature ;  in 
1846  to  the  State  Senate;  in  1849  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  ;  in  1854  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  for  the  unexpired  term 
of  Presley  Ewing;  and  in  1859  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  from  Kentucky  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Agriculture  and  of  the 
Special  Committee  of  Thirty-three.  Died 
at  Elktou,  Kentucky,  June  10,  1864. 

Broadhead,  John  C.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1831  to  1833,  and  again  from 
1837  to  1839. 

BrocJcenbrough,    William  If. — 

Born  in  1813;  he  originally  went  to  Flori 
da  for  the  benefit  of  his  health,  which, 
during  his  residence  there,  was  a  contin 
ual  depression  upon  his  physical  and 
mental  energies.  He,  however,  held  no 
undistinguished  position  as  a  citizen, 
having  been,  under  the  Territorial  gov 
ernment,  a  Senator  from  the  Western 
District,  and  at  one  time  President  of 
the  Senate,  also  United  States  District 
Attorney,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Florida,  from  1845  to  1847. 
He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  on 
several  occasions ;  and  he  died  in  Talla 
hassee,  Florida,  in  June,  1850,  of  pulmo 
nary  consumption. 

Brockwmj,  John  H.~ Born  in  El 
lington,  Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1820;  he  commenced  active  life 
by  teaching  the  academy  at  East  Windsor 
Hill ;  he  studied  law,  and  has  been  devot 
ed  to  the  practice  of  the  profession  ever 
since.  He  has  frequently  served  in  the 
two  Houses  of  the  State  Legislature,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Connecticut,  from  1839  to  1843. 

Brodericlc,  David  C.— Born  in  the 
District  of  Columbia,  of  Irish  parentage, 
in  December,  1818;  when  a  boy  of  five 
years  removed  to  New  York  City  with  his 
father;  during  his  youth  he  was  appren 
ticed  to  the  trade  of  a  stone-cutter,  which 
was  the  trade  of  his  father ;  was  for  many 
years  foreman  of  a  fire-engine  company  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECOBDS. 


53 


New  York,  during  which  period  he  was  an 
active  politician ;  removed  to  California 
in  1849,  and  engaged  in  the  business  of 
smelting  and  assaying  gold;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  which  draughted 
the  Constitution  of  that  State;  served 
two  years  in  the  California  Senate,  and 
was  President  of  that  body  in  1851;  and 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  California,  in  1856,  for  the  long  term, 
taking  his  seat  during  the  second  session 
of  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress.  Died  in 
San  Francisco,  California,  September  16, 
1859,  from  a  wound  received  in  a  duel 
fought  with  David  S.  Terry,  Chief  Justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  that  State,  on 
the  13th  of  the  same  month.  He  was  the 
first  member  of  the  United  States  Senate 
ever  killed  in  a  duel ;  and  it  is  said  that 
some  of  the  marble  pillars  in  the  old  Sen 
ate  Chamber,  where  he  had  a  seat,  were 
cut  by  his  own  father. 

Brodhead,  John  C.  —  He    was    a 

minister  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church  for  forty-four  years,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1829  to  1833.  He  died  at  New 
Market,  New  Hampshire,  April  7,  1838, 
aged  sixty-seven  years. 

Brodhead,  Richard.  —  He  was  a 

native  of  Pike  County,  Pennsylvania ;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  1843 
to  1849,  and  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  from  1851  to  1857,  from  Pennsyl 
vania.  Died  at  Easton,  Pennsylvania, 
September  17,  1863. 

Bromivell,  Henry  P.  JET.—  Born  in 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  August  26,  1823; 
spent  seven  years  of  his  boyhood  in  Ohio ; 
went  with  his  father  to  Illinois  in  1836 ; 
received  a  good  English  and  classical  edu 
cation;  studied  law,  came  to  the  bar  in 
1853,  and  practised  in  different  parts  of 
the  State ;  from  1852  to  1854  he  was  the 
publisher  and  editor  of  the  "  Age  of  Steam 
and  Fire,"  at  Vandalia;  in  1853  he  was 
elected  Judge  of  Fayette  County  for  four 
years ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1860, 
and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Illinois,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Patents,  Expenses  in  the  State  Depart 
ment  and  the  Civil  Service.  Re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Public  Expenditures. 

Bronson,  David. — Born  in  Suffield, 
Connecticut;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1819 ;  studied  law  and  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1823 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature,  as  Representative,  in  1832 
and  1834,  and  as  Senator  in  1846;  and 
Avas  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Norridgewock,  Maine,  from  1841  to  1843, 
and  served  as  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Public  Lands.  From  1850  to  1853,  he 
was  Collector  of  Customs  at  Bath,  Maine ; 


and  from  1854  to  1857  was  Judge  of  Pro 
bate  for  Sagadahock  County.  Died  in 
Talbot  County,  Maryland,  in  November, 
1863. 

Bronson,  Isaac  H.— Born  in  Rut 
land,  New  York,  October  16,  1802,  and 
died  at  Pilatka,  Florida,  August  13,  1855. 
He  was  educated  for  the  bar,  and  admit 
ted  to  practise  in  1822 ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1837  to  1839,  officiating  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  oa  Territories,  when 
he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Territorial 
Judges  of  Florida,  and  from  that  time 
until  his  death  he  served  continually  on 
the  bench ;  at  the  time  of  his  death  being 
District  Judge  of  the  United  States  for 
Northern  Florida. 

BrooJee,  Walter. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Mississippi,  from  1852, 
to  1853,  in  place  of  H.  S.  Foote,  resigned. 
Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

BrooJes,  David. — Was  born  in  1736; 
entered  the  army  in  1776  as  a  Lieutenant 
in  the  Pennsylvania  line ;  was  captured  at 
Fort  Washington,  and  remained  a  prison 
er  for  two  years.  Upon  being  exchanged, 
he  was  promoted  Assistant  Clothier  Gen 
eral  at  head-quarters, — an  office  of  respon 
sibility,  which  he  so  filled  as  to  secure 
the  friendship  of  Washington.  After  the 
close  of  the  war  he  removed  to  New 
York,  and  afterwards  settled  in  Duchess 
County,  representing  each  locality  in  the 
State  Legislature.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
May,  1797,  to  July,  1797;  a  Commissioner 
for  making  the  first  treaty  with  the  Sene 
ca  Indians  (signed  where  the  city  of 
Utica  now  stands),  and  subsequently  first 
Judge  of  Duchess  County  for  sixteen 
years.  He  died  at  his  home,  where  he 
was  universally  esteemed,  in  August, 
1838. 

BrooJcs,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Portland,  Maine,  November  10,  1810. 
When  only  eleven  years  old  he  became  a 
clerk  in  a  store ;  when  sixteen  was  a 
school  teacher,  and  at  the  age  of  nearly 
twenty-one  he  graduated  at  the  Water- 
ville  College.  He  has  been  an  extensive 
traveller  both  in  this  country  and  Europe, 
and  has  published  a  large  number  of  let 
ters  descriptive  of  his  tours.  In  1835  he 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Maine ; 
in  1836  he  established  the  "New  York 
Daily  Express,"  of  which  he  has  since 
been  the  chief  editor  and  proprietor;  in 
1847  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Legislature,  and  from  1849  to  1853 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
the  city  of  New  York,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Public  Lands.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv  ing  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Post  Of 
fices  and  Post  Roads.  Re-elected  to  the 


54 


BIOGEAPH1CAL    EECOEDS. 


Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Ways  and  Means  and  the 
Pacific  Railroad,  but  his  seat  was  success 
fully  contested  by  W.  E.  Dodge.  He  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention  "  of  I860 ;  and  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Ways  and  Means,  Re 
construction  and  on  Rules.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1867. 

Brooks,  Micah.  —  He  was  born  in 
Cheshire,  Connecticut,  in  1775 ;  was  edu 
cated  by  his  father,  with  whom  lie  re 
moved  to  Western  New  York,  and  where 
ho  taught  school.  He  settled  on  a  farm, 
but  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  1806, 
and  for  twenty  years  thereafter  he  was  a 
County  Judge.  lie  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Assembly  in  1808  and  1809; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1815  to  1817;  a  member 
of  the  State  Constitutional  Convention  of 
1821 ;  and  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1824. 
He  died  in  Livingston  Count}-,  New  York, 
July  7,  1857. 

Brooks,  Preston  S. — He  was  born 
in  Edgelield  District,  South  Carolina,  in 
August,  1819;  graduated  at  the  South 
Carolina  College  in  1839;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  was 
a  State  Representative  in  1844..  In  1846 
he  raised  a  company  of  volunteers,  was 
made  Captain,  aud  served  in  the  Palmet 
to  regiment  during  most  of  the  Mexican 
war.  After  the  war  he  devoted  himself 
to  planting.  He  was  elected  to  Congress 
in  1853,  aud  again  in  1855.  In  1856  he 
made  a  personal  assault  upon  Charles 
Sumner,  in  the  United  States  Senate 
Chamber,  which  event  caused  much  ex 
citement  throughout  the  country.  The 
attack  was  caused  by  words  uttered  in 
debate  by  Senator  Sunnier  against  A.  P. 
Butler,  who  was  Mr.  Brooks'  relative. 
He  died  in  Washington,  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  January  27,  1857. 

Broom,    Jacob.— He  was   born   in 

Baltimore,  Maryland,  July  25,  1808 ;  re 
ceived  a  classical  education ;  on  removing 
to  Pennsylvania,  was  appointed,  in  1840, 
Deputy  Auditor  of  that  State ;  in  1849  he 
was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Orphan's  Court 
for  the  City  and  County  of  Philadelphia; 
and  was  elected  a  Rcpresentive,  from  that 
State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 
Died  in  Washington  in  November,  1864. 

Broomall,  John  M.—W&s  born 
in  Upper  Chichester,  Delaware  County, 
Pennsylvania,  January  19,  1816 ;  received 
a  good  classical  and  mathematical  educa 
tion  in  the  schools  of  the  Quakers,  to 
which  his  family  had  belonged  for  sev 
eral  generations ;  studied  law,  and  was 
devoted  to  that  profession  ;  served  in  the 


Legislature  of  the  State;  was  a  Presiden 
tial  Elector  in  1861;  and  in  1862  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on 
Accounts  and  Public  Expenditures;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Public  Ex 
penditures,  on  Accounts,  and  on  the  Mem 
phis  Riots ;  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Accounts. 

Broome,    James    M.— He   was    a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Dela 
ware,  from  1805  to  1807;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1794. 

Brown,  Aaron  V.—  Born  in  Bruns 
wick  County,  Virginia,  August  15,  1795. 
He  graduated  at  Chapel  Hill  University  in 
1814,  and  in  1815  removed  with  his  parents 
to  Tennessee,  where  he  devoted  himself 
to  the  study  of  law;  and,  when  admitted 
to  practice,  became  a  partner  of  the  late 
James  K.  Polk,  in  Giles  County,  serving 
in  the  mean  time  for  a  number  of  years  iu 
the  Legislature  of  Tennessee.  In  1839  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
Tennessee,  and  re-elected  in  1841  and 
1843.  On  his  retirement  from  Congress, 
in  1845,  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Ten 
nessee;  and  he  was  at  all  times  con 
sidered  one  of  the  most  faithful  and  in 
dustrious  leaders  of  the  Democratic  party 
in  Tennessee.  His  last  position  was  that 
of  Postmaster-General  in  the  cabinet  of 
President  Buchanan.  Among  the  meas 
ures  which  marked  his  administration  of 
our  postal  affairs  may  be  mentioned  the 
establishment  of  a  new  and  shorter  oceanic 
communication  to  California,  by  Tehuan- 
tepec;  of  the  great  overland  mail  from 
Memphis  and  St.  Louis  to  San  Francisco, 
and  another,  across  the  continent,  by  the 
way  of  Salt  Lake.  His  speeches,  con 
gressional  and  political,  were  published  at 
Nashville,  in  1854.  He  died  iu  AVash- 
ington,  March  8,  1859. 

Brown,  Albert  G. — He  was  born  in 
Chester  District,  South  Carolina,  May  31, 
1813;  taken  to  Mississippi  when  a  boy; 
adopted  the  law  as  a  profession;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  from 
1835  to  1839 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Mississippi,  in  1840  and 
1841.  He  was  also  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit 
Superior  Court  in  1852  and  1853;  Gov 
ernor  of  Mississippi  from  1844  to  1848 ; 
was  again  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1848  to  1854;  was  elect 
ed  a  United  States  Senator  from  1854  to 
1858 ;  and  re-elected  for  six  years,  com 
mencing  March  4,  1859,  but  was  expelled 
in  March,  1861,  and  joined  the  Great  Re 
bellion.  He  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  District  of  Columbia  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  a  member  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


55 


the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs  and  that 
of  Enrolled  Bills.  His  collected  speeches 
were  published  in  one  volume  in  1859. 

Brown,  Anson.—He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  during  the 
years  1339  and  1840,  and  died  at  Ballston, 
New  York,  June  21,  1840,  much  respected 
for  his  character  and  acquirements. 

Broivn,  Bedford. — Born  in  Caswell 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1795;  was 
elected  to  the  House  of  Commons,  of  that 
State,  in  1815,  in  which  capacity  he  served 
many  years ;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to  1841, 
officiating  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Agriculture  during  several  sessions. 
He  was  subsequently  elected  to  the  Gen 
eral  Assembly,  and  at  the  end  of  his  term 
retired  to  private  life.  He  was  first  elected 
to  the  Senate  by  one  majority,  and  to  a 
great  extent,  by  a  mere  accident;  but, 
having  acquitted  himself  with  ability,  was 
re-elected  by  a  large  majority. 

Broivn,  Benjamin.— He  was  a  Rep- 
reseutative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1815  to  1817,  having  served  in 
the  State  Legislature  in  1809,  1811,  and 
1812. 

Brown,  B.  Gratz.—Rorn  in  Lexing 
ton,  Kentucky,  May  28,  1826;  graduated 
at  the  Transylvania  University  in  1845, 
and  at  Yale  College  in  1847 ;  studied  law 
in  Louisville,  and  settled  at  St.  Louis, 
Missouri;  was  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  that  State  from  1852  to  1858; 
assisted  in  establishing  the  "  Missouri 
Democrat,"  and  edited  that  journal  from 
1854  to  1859.  A  speech  that  he  delivered  in 
the  Legislature,  in  1857,  was  the  initial 
movement  in  behalf  of  freedom  in  that 
State.  When  the  war  broke  out,  in  1861, 
he  volunteered  and  raised  a  regiment, 
which  assisted  in  the  capture  of  Camp 
Jackson,  and  which  he  commanded  during 
its  term  of  service.  He  subsequently 
commanded  a  Brigade  of  militia  during 
an  invasion  of  the  State.  His  efforts  in 
behalf  of  freedom  were  continued  during 
the  progress  of  the  rebellion,  and  he  was 
foremost  in  organizing  the  movements 
which  resulted  in  the  ordinance  of  free 
dom  in  1864.  He  was  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  Missouri  for  the  term 
commencing  in  1863  and  ending  in  1867, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Military 
Affairs,  Pacific  Railroad,  Indian  Affairs, 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  Printing, 
and  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Contingent  Expenses  of  the  Senate,  and, 
subsequently,  on  the  death  of  S.  Foot,  as 
Chal-rtian  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Buildings  and  Grounds.  John  Brown, 
formerly  a  Senator  from  Kentucky,  was 
his  grandfather. 


Brown,  Charles. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841 
to  1843,  and  again  from  1847  to  1849.  He 
subsequently  held  the  office  of  Collector 
of  the  Port  of  Philadelphia.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

Broivn,  Ellas. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1829  to  1831. 

Brown,  Etha^^  A. — He  was  Governor 
of  Ohio  from  1818  to  1822,  and  from  1822 
to  1825  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Judi 
ciary  Committee.  He  was  also  appointed 
Commissioner  of  the  Land  Office  in  Wash 
ington,  in  1834 ;  and  was  for  several  years 
a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ohio. 

Broivn,  George  H. — He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey;  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1828;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  was  a  membej  of  the  Convention 
which  formed  the  State  Constitution  of 
1844;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Brown,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  October,  1766;  studied  law; 
settled  first  in  Mississippi,  at  Natchez ; 
and  was  appointed,  by  President  Jcffer- 
son,  Secretary  of  the  Territory  of  Louis 
iana,  after  its  acquisition.  This  led  him 
to  New  Orleans,  which  became  his  home. 
He  was  appointed  United  States  Attorney 
for  the  District  of  Louisiana,  and  rose  to 
a  high  rank  at  the  bar.  He  was  chosen  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  from  Louisiana, 
and  served  from  1812  to  1817;  and  again 
from  1819  to  1824,  officiating  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Relations, 
and,  having  resigned,  was  appointed  Min 
ister  Plenipotentiary  to  France.  He  re 
mained  five  years  abroad,  and  subsequently 
settled  in  Philadelphia,  where  he  died  of 
apoplcxj',  April  7, 1835. 

Broivn,  James  S.—  He  was  born  in 
Hampton,  Maine,  February  1,  1824;  re 
moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1840,  where 
he  studied  law,  and  in  1844  took  up  his  per 
manent  residence  in  Milwaukee,  Wiscon 
sin.  In  1846  he  was  chosen  Prosecuting- 
Attorney  for  Milwaukee  County ;  in  1848 
he  was  elected  Attorney-General  of  the 
State;  in  1861  was  Mayor  of  Milwaukee; 
and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  from  Wisconsin  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Elections. 

Broivn,  Jeremiah.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania  in  1776;  served  in  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State,  as  a  member  of  one 
or  two  State  Conventions ;  was  the  first 
Associate  Judge,  elected  by  *he  people, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1841  to  1845.  Died  at 
Lancaster,  March  2,  1848. 

Brown,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Virginia,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1780  to  1788. 

Brown,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Rockbridge,  Virginia,  in  1757;  was  chosen 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  a  west 
ern  district  of  Virginia,  serving  in  that 
capacity  from  1783  to  171)3 ;  he  subse 
quently  removed  to  Kentucky  and  settled 
at  Frankfort;  from  1793  to  1805  he  repre 
sented  Kentucky  in  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States,  and  during  the  first  session 
of  the  "Eighth  Congress  officiated  as  Presi 
dent,  pro  tern.,  of  that  body.  He  was  a 
warm  supporter  and  personal  friend  of 
President  Jefferson  through  life.  He  was 
one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating  the 
Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 
Died  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  August  28, 
1837. 

Brown,  John.— -fie  was  born  in  Prov 
idence,  Rhode  Island,  January  27,  1736 ; 
was  bred  to  mercantile  pursuits;  was  one 
of  the  men  who  captured  the  "  Gaspee  "  in 
Providence  River  in  1772;  took  an  active 
part  in  the  Revolution,  and  was  an  ardent 
friend  of  the  Constitution.  He  was  chosen 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1784,  but  did  not  take  his  seat  in  that 
body;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Rhode  Island,  from  1799  to  1801 ;  and 
died  September  20,  1803. 

Brown,  John. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1809  to  1810. 

Broivn,  John. — He  was  born  in  Mif- 
flin  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1821  to  1825. 

Brown,  John  W. — He  was  born  in 
Scotland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Orange  County,  New  York, 
from  1833  to  1837,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  Invalid  Pensions,  Ter 
ritories,  and  Expenditures  on  Public  Build 
ings. 

Brown,   John    Young.— lie   was 

born  in  Claysville,  Hardin  County,  Ken 
tucky,  June  28,  1835 ;  graduated  at  Centre 
College,  Danville,  in  1855 ;  studied  law  and 
adopted  the  profession;  in  1859  he  was 
elected  to  Congress,  but  not  having  at 
tained  the  constitutional  age,  declined  to 
take  his  seat;  and  in  18G7  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Brown,  Milton. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  on  taking  up  his  residence  in 
Tennessee,  was  elected  a  Representative 


in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1847. 

Brown,  Robert. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1798  to  1815. 

Brown,  Titus. — He  was  born  in  Che 
shire  County,  New  Hampshire ;  graduated 
at  Middlebury  College  in  1811 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  of  New  Hampshire, 
from  1820  to  1825 ;  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1825  to  1829,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  Memorial  of  the 
Legislature  of  Tennessee.  In  1842  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate  and  made  Pres 
ident;  and  he  also  held  the  offices  of  So 
licitor  of  Hillsborough  County,  from  1823 
to  1825,  and  from  1829  to  1834,  and  Rail 
road  Commissioner.  Died  at  Francistown, 
New  Hampshire,  January  31,  1849,  aged 
sixty-three  years. 

Brown,  William.— lie  was  born  in 
Frederick  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1819  to  1823. 

Brown,  William,  G.—He  was  born 
in  Preston  County,  Virginia,  September 
25,  1801 ;  received  a  good  English  educa 
tion;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1823 ;  in  1832  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  Virginia,  and  served  in  that 
capacity  again  from  1840  to  1843.  He  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1845  to  1849;  in  1850  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Virginia  State  Conven 
tion  ;  in  I860  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Charleston 
Convention,"  and  also  to  that  held  in  Balti 
more  ;  he  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Vir 
ginia  Convention"  of  1861,  and  opposed  the 
action  of  the  secessionists;  and  on  his  re 
turn  home  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Manufactures  and 
the  Militia;  and  in  1863  he  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Repre 
sentative  from  West  Virginia,  and  served 
on  the  Committee  on  Claims. 

Brown,  William  J.— He  was  born  in 
Kentucky  in  1805.  He  emigrated  to  Indi 
ana  in  1821,  and  was  at  one  time  Secretary 
of  State  for  Indiana,  and  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature;  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1843  to  1845, 
and  again  from  1849  to  1851;  lie  was  also 
Assistant  Postmaster-General  under  Pres 
ident  Polk;  editor  of  the  "  Indiana  Senti 
nel;"  State  Librarian  of  Indiana;  and,  at 
the  time  of  his  death,  Special  Agent  of  the 
Post  Office  Department  for  Indiana  and  Il 
linois.  He  died  near  Indianapolis,  March 
18,  1857. 

Browne,  George  H. — Was  born  in 
Gloucester,  Rhode  Island,  in  1818;  was 
left  an  orphan  at  an  early  age,  but  manag- 


BIOGBAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


57 


ing  to  obtain  a  common-school  education 
by  his  own  exertions,  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1840.  He  studied  law,  but, 
soon  entering  into  politics,  was  elected  to 
both  the  Charter  and  Suffrage  Legislatures 
of  his.  State  in  1842 ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1844;  was  again  elected  to  the 
Rhode  Island  Legislature,  and  re-elected 
until  1852;  during  that  year  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Pierce,  United  States 
Attorney  for  Rhode  Island;  was  re-ap 
pointed  by  President  Buchanan,  which 
office  he  held  until  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Rhode  Island,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Elections.  He  was  also  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Charleston  and  Baltimore 
Conventions,  and  to  the  Peace  Congress 
of  1861. 

Browning,   Orville    H.  —  He  was 

born  in  Harrison  Count3r,  Kentucky ;  after 
acquiring  a  good  English  education,  he  re 
moved  to  Bracken  County,  and,  while  per 
forming  the  duties  of  a  Clerk  in  the  office 
of  the  County  and  Circuit  Clerk,  went 
through  a  course  of  classical  studies  at 
Augusta  College.  He  studied  law,  and,  on 
being  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  settled 
in  Quincy,  Illinois,  where  he  subsequently 
resided.  He  served  through  the  Black 
Hawk  war  in  1832;  in  1836  he  was  elected 
a  Senator  in  the  Illinois  Legislature,  and 
served  in  that  capacity  four  years ;  in  1840 
he  was  elected  to  the  lower  house,  serving 
two  years;  and,  in  conjunction  with  his 
friend  Abraham  Lincoln,  he  was  mainly 
instrumental  in  forming  the  Republican 
party  of  Illinois  at  the  Bloomington  Con 
vention.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Chi 
cago  Convention  of  1860,  and  was  a  warm 
supporter  of  the  government  during  the 
Rebellion.  On  the  death  of  S.  A.  Douglas, 
in  1861,  he  was  appointed  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  to  fill  the  vacancy  until  the  subse 
quent  election  of  W.  A.  Richardson,  in 
1863.  On  the  organization  of  the  National 
Union  Executive  Committee,  in  June,  1866, 
he  became  an  active  member  of  the  same, 
and  on  the  retirement  of  James  Harlan  as 
Secretary  of  the  Interior,  on  the  1st  of 
September,  1866,  he  entered  President 
Johnson's  Cabinet  as  Secretary  of  the  In 
terior  Department.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National  Union 
Convention  "  of  1866.  On  the  resignation 
of  Mr.  Stanbery  as  Attorney-General,  in 
March,  1868,  he  was  designated  by  Presi 
dent  Johnson  to  perform  the  duties  of  that 
office,  in  addition  to  his  own  as  Secretary 
of  the  Interior  Department. 

Broivnson,  Nathan.— Us  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1761,  and  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1776  to  1778.  He  was  also 
one  of  the  Governors  of  Georgia  before 
the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution. 
Died  in  1796. 


Bruce,  PJiineas. — He  was  born  June 
17,  1762 ;  was  a  graduate  of  Yale  College 
in  1786;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachu 
setts  Legislature  in  1792,  1793,  1796,  and 
1800,  and  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1803  to 
1805.  Died  October  4,  1809. 

Brush,  Henry.  — He  was  born  in 
Duchess  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1819  to  1821.  He  settled  in  Ohio  in 
1803;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  a  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ohio;  and  died 
January  19, 1855,  aged  seventy-seven  years. 

Bruyn,  Andrew  D.  W.— Born  in 
New  York,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1838,  and  died  at  Ithaca  in  July, 
1838,  before  the  expiration  of  his  terra. 

Bryan,  Guy  M. — Was  born  in  Mis 
souri,  June  12,  1821 ;  received  a  liberal 
education  and  studied  law ;  bore  a  part  in 
the  military  campaign  of  Texas  in  1836; 
in  1846  he  went  to  the  Rio  Grande,  under 
General  Taylor;  in  1847  was  elected  to 
the  Texas  Legislature,  and  served  in  the 
House  and  Senate  seven  years ;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Texas,  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Agriculture. 

Bryan,  Henry  H. — Born  in  Martin 
County,  North  Carolina,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1819  to  1823,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims. 
He  died  in  Montgomery  County,  of  that 
State,  in  May,  1835. 

Bryan,  John  H. — He  was  born  in 
Newbern  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1798, 
and  graduated  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1815.  He  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  served  a  number  of  years  in  the 
State  Legislature,  and  was  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from  1825 
to  1827. 

Bryan,  Joseph. — He  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1803  to  1806. 

Bryan,  Joseph  H.—Ke  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1815  to  1819. 

Bryan,  Nathan.  —  Born  in  Jones 
County,  North  Carolina,  and  in  1791  rep 
resented  that  County  in  the  House  of  Com 
mons.  He  was  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  North  Carolina,  from  1795  to  1798, 
and  died  at  Philadelphia,  June  4,  during 
the  latter  year.  He  was  a  prominent  man 
among  the  Baptists,  and  a  most  exemplary 
Christian. 


58 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Bryde,  Archibald  M. — Born  in 
Moore  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1809  to  1813,  and  subsequently 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  two 
years. 

Buchanan,  Andrew.—  He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1835  to  1839. 

Buchanan,  James. — Born  in  Frank 
lin  County,  Pennsylvania,  April  23,  1791. 
After  a  regular  course  of  classical  educa 
tion  he  studied  and  practised  law  in  Lan 
caster,  Pennsylvania.  In  1814  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  of  Penn 
sylvania,  and  re-elected  the  next  .year.  In 
1821  he  entered  Congress  as  a  Representa 
tive  fi'om  the  Lancaster  District,  where  he 
continued  until  1831,  when  he  declined  a 
re-election.  In  1832  he  was  appointed 
Minister  to  Russia  by  President  Jackson, 
and  on  his  return  from  that  mission,  in 
1834,  he  was  elected  by  the  Pennsylvania 
Legislature  to  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States,  to  fill  the  nnexpired  term  of  Wil 
liam  Wilkins,  who  had  resigned.  He  was 
re-elected  in  1837,  and  again  in  1843.  In 
1845  he  resigned  his  seat  in  the  Senate, 
and  became  Secretary  of  State,  and  the 
head  of  the  Cabinet  of  President  Polk.  At 
the  close  of  that  eventful  administration 
he  retired  to  private  life  at  his  residence 
of  "  Wheatland,"  near  Lancaster;  but  he 
was  summoned  again  to  the  public  service 
in  1853,  when  he  accepted  the  appoint-, 
ment,  from  President  Pierce,  of  Minister 
of  the  United  States  to  the  Court  of  St. 
James.  Having  resigned  this  office,  he 
returned  home  in  1856,  and  in  the  summer 
of  that  year  received  the  Democratic  nom 
ination  for  President  of  the  United  States. 
In  the  following  November  he  was  elected 
to  that  position,  and  in  March,  1857,  he  en 
tered  upon  its  duties,  and  served  until  the 
commencement  of  the  Rebellion  iu  1861. 
In  1865  he  published  a  book  giving  a  his 
tory  of  the  close  of  his  administration. 

Buc7ier,  John  C.—  He  was  for  many 
years  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of 
Pennsylvania;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1831  to  1833; 
and  died  in  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania, 
October  2G,  1851. 

BucJc,  Daniel. — He  was  a  lawyer  by 
profession,  and  one  of  the  earliest  settlers 
in  Vermont,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1795  to 
to  1797,  and  died  in  1817.  He  was  the 
father  of  the  Hon.  Daniel  A.  A.  Buck. 

BucJz,  Daniel  Azro  A*  —  He  was 

born  in  Vermont  in  1789;  graduated  at 
Midcllebury  College  in  1807 :  and  also  at 
the  West  Point  Military  Academy  in  1808, 


when  he  entered  the  army.  He  icsigned 
his  commission  in  1811;  was  reappointed 
as  a  Captain  in  the  army  in  1813,  but 
finally  left  the  military  profession  in  1815. 
He  then  established  himself  as  a  lawyer 
at  Chelsea,  Vermont,  and  was  for  fourteen 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature, 
officiating  about  half  of  that  time  as 
Speaker  of  the  lower  house.  He  tilled 
the  office  of  State  Attorney  for  Orange 
County,  for  six  years;  in  1821  he  was  a 
Presidential  Elector;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from 
1823  to  1825,  and  again  from  1827  to  1829 ; 
and  was  subsequently  connected  with  the 
Indian  Bureau  of  the  War  Depai'tment  in 
Washington,  where  he  died  December 
24,  1841. 

BucJcalew,  diaries  R.— Was  born 
in  Columbia  County,  Pennsylvania,  De 
cember  28,  1821 ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
1843 ;  was  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  his 
native  County  from  1845  to  1847;  was  a 
Senator  in  the  State  Legislature  from 
1850  to  1856;  in  1854  he  was  a  Commis 
sioner  to  exchange  the  ratifications  of  a 
Treaty  with  Paraguay;  was  a  Senatorial 
Presidential  Elector  in  1856 ;  in  1857  was 
Chairman  of  the  State  Democratic  Com 
mittee,  and  during  the  same  year  was  re- 
elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  also 
appointed  a  Commissioner  to  revise  the 
Penal  Code  of  Pennsylvania;  iu  1853 
resigned  the  two  latter  positions,  and  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  Resi 
dent  Minister  to  Ecuador,  returning  home 
iu  1861.  In  1863  he  was  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  Pennsylvania,  by  a  ma 
jority  of  one  vote,  for  the  term  ending  in 
1869,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  In 
dian  Affairs,  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads, 
Pensions,  Mines  and  Mining,  Foreign 
Relations,  Contingent  Expenses  of  the 
Senate,  and  Retrenchment,  and  also  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Ventilation. 

BucMand,   Ralph    P.  —  Born   in 

Leydeu,  Massachusetts,  January  20,  1812, 
and  was  removed  to  Ohio  in  the  same 
year;  was  educated  at  Kcnyon  College, 
but  did  not  graduate ;  studied  law  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1837 ;  was  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1855  and  1857,  serv 
ing  four  years;  in  1861  was  appointed 
Colonel  of  the  Seventy-second  Ohio  in 
fantry,  and  fought  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh, 
as  the  commander  of  a  brigade ;  was 
made  a  Brigadier-General,  in  the  winter 
of  1862-'G3,  and  in  that  capacity  fought  at 
Vicksburg;  was  subsequently  in  command 
of  the  District  of  Memphis,  and  during 
his  absence  in  the  field  in  1864  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Banking  and  Currency  and 
on  the  Militia.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven- 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECOltDS. 


59 


tion"  of  I860,  and  of  the  "  Soldiers'  Con 
vention,"  held  at  Pittsburg,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

BucJener,  Alexander.— He  emigrat 
ed  from  Indiana  to  Missouri  in  1818;  was 
a  member  of  the  Convention  which  formed 
the  Constitution  of  that  State;  served 
several  years  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Mis 
souri,  from  1831  to  1833,  and  died  in  May, 
1833.  His  term  would  have  expired  in 
1837.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tees  on  Pensions  and  Engrossed  Bills. 

BucJcner,  Aylett.—IIe  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1817  to 
1849. 

Buclcner,  Hichard  A.  —  Born  in 
Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  1763 ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1823  to  1829;  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1841 ;  and  died  at  his  residence 
in  Greensburg,  Kentucky,  December  8, 
1847. 

Buel,  Alexander  U. — Born  in  Fair- 
field,  llerkimer  County,  New  York;  re 
ceived  a  limited  education ;  was  a  prom 
inent  and  successful  merchant;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1850  until  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  occurred  ia  Washington 
City,  January  30,  1853. 

Buel,  Alexander  W. — Was  born  in 
Rutland  County,  Vermont,  in  1813;  grad 
uated  at  Mid'dlebnry  College  in  1830; 
taught  school  for  several  years  in  Ver 
mont  and  New  York,  during  which  period 
he  prepared  himself  for  the  practice  of 
the  law.  In  1834  he  took  up  his  residence 
in  Michigan ;  in  1836  was  Attorney  for  the 
City  of  Detroit;  in  1837  was  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature;  in  1843  and  1844 
was  Prosecuting  Attornej'  for  Wayne 
County ;  in  1847  was  again  elected  to  the 
Legislature;  and  from  'l849  to  1851  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  Michigan, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs.  Died  in  Detroit,  April 
17,  1868. 

Buffington,  Joseph.—  He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843 
to  1847. 

Buffinton,  James.  —  Born  in  Fall 
River,  Massachusetts,  March  16,  1817; 
educated  at  the  Friends'  College,  Provi 
dence  ;  served  for  a  time  in  a  factory  at 
Fall  River;  studied  medicine,  and  went 
upon  a  whaling  voyage;  afterwards  be 
came  a  merchant  by  occupation;  was 
Mayor  of  the  city  of  Fall  River  during 
the  years  1854  and  1855 ;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Massachusetts,  to 


the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gresses,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Military  Affairs.  He  was  also 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Military  Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Accounts.  In 
March,  1867,  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Johnson,  a  Collector  of  Internal 
Revenue  for  Massachusetts. 

Biiffum,  Joseph,  Jr. — He  was  born 
in  Fitchburg,  Massachusetts ;  graduated 
at  Dartmouth  College  in  '1806 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1819  to  1821,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  Expenditures 
in  the  Navy  Department,  and  on  Public 
Buildings. 

Buffff,  Robert  M.—  He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Bull,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate  from 
South  Carolina  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1784  to  1787. 

Bull,  John. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Missouri,  from 
1833  to  1835. 

Billiard,  Henry  Adams.— Born  in 
Groton,  Massachusetts,  September  9, 
1781;  he  was  educated  at  Harvaid  Univer 
sity,  and  graduated  in  1807.  He  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession,  but  his  knowledge 
of  the  modern  languages  brought  him  in 
contact  with  General  Toledo,  in  Philadel 
phia,  who  was  organizing  an  expedition 
to  revolutionize  New  Mexico.  He  joined 
him  as  his  Aid  and  Military  Secretary,  and 
spent  the  winter  of  1812  with  him  at 
Nashville,  and  accompanied  him  into  New 
Mexico  in  the  spring.  They  were  defeat 
ed  in  a  pitched  battle  by  the  royal  troops 
at  San  Antonio,  and  suffered  severe  hard 
ships,  but  he  managed  to  reach  Natchito- 
ches,  and  there  remained  and  commenced 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  In  1822  he 
was  elected  to  a  seat  on  the  District  Court 
Bench,  and  performed  its  duties  for  sev 
eral  years.  In  1831  he  was  chosen  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  Louisiana, 
and  served  till  1834 ;  he  was  then  elevated 
to  the  Supreme  Bench  of  Louisiana,  and 
filled  the  office  until  1846,  with  the  excep 
tion  of  a  few  mouths  in  1839,  when  he 
acted  as  Secretary  of  State.  He  then  re 
moved  to  New  Orleans.  In  1847  he  was 
appointed  Professor  of  the  Civil  Law  in 
the  Law  School  of  Louisiana,  and  de 
livered  two  courses  of  lectures.  In  1850 
he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature,  and  a 
few  weeks  after  was  chosen  to  fill  a  va 
cancy  in  Congress,  occasioned  by  the 
resignation  of  C.  M.  Conrad,  and  served 
again  in  the  House  of  Representatives 


60 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    BECOItDS. 


one  year.  On  his  return  journey  home 
ward  he  was  prostrat  id  by  fatigue  and 
exposure ;  he  lingered  three  weeks,  and 
died  in  New  Orleans,  April  17,  1851. 

BullocJi,  William  "B. — Born  in 
Georgia  in  1776 ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profes 
sion,  being  a  prominent  member  of  the 
bar  as  early  as  1800.  In  1809  he  was 
Mayor  of  Savannah,  and  subsequently 
Collector  of  that  port.  He  was  United 
States  Senator  from  Georgia  in  1813,  by 
appointment,  but  was  superseded  by  W. 
B.  Bibb ;  and  in  1816  was  chosen  Presi 
dent  of  the  Bank  of  Georgia,  of  which  he 
was  one  of  the  founders,  and  held  the  of 
fice  twenty-seven  years.  He  died  in  Sa 
vannah,  Georgia,  March  6,  1852. 

Bullock,  Archibald.— Re  was  a  Del 
egate  from  Georgia  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1775  to  1776. 

Bullock,  Stephen.—  Born  in  Massa 
chusetts  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  formed  the  Constitution  of  that 
State ;  frequently  served  in  the  State  Leg 
islature  ;  and  was  aEcpresentative"  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1797  to 
1799.  He  subsequently  became  Judge  of 
the  Common  Pleas  for  Bristol  County, 
and  served  in  the  State  Senate  and  as  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council  of  Mas 
sachusetts.  He  died  in  1816,  in  Massa 
chusetts,  aged  eighty-one  years. 

BullocJc,  TFlngfleld. — He  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  during  the  years  1820  and  1821. 
Died  October  13,  1821,  before  taking  his 
seat. 

Bunch,  Samuel.— Was  born  in  1786. 
He  commanded  a  regiment  in  the  Indian 
war,  under  General  Andrew  Jackson,  and, 
in  the  charge  of  the  battle  of  the  Horse 
shoe,  was  the  first  or  second  man  over 
the  breastworks  of  the  enemy.  He  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1833  to  1837;  and  died  in 
Granger  County,  Tennessee,  September 
5,  1849. 

Bundy,  HezeMah  S.— Born  in  Mari 
etta,  Ohio,  August  15,  1817;  received  a 
plain  education,  and  his  father  having 
been  killed  by  the  falling  of  a  tree  when 
he  was  a  mere  boy,  he  took  upon  himself 
the  support  of  the  family ;  was  in  the 
mercantile  business  as  clerk  and  proprie 
tor  from  1835  to  1846 ;  after  that  he  turned 
his  attention  to  farming,  and  in  1854  be 
came  connected  with  the  furnace  business. 
During  all  these  avocations  he  studied 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1850;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1848 ; 
re-elected  in  1850 ;  in  1855  chosen  a  State 
Senator;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1860,  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Ohio  to  the  Thirty-ninth 


Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Manufactures  and  Weights  and  Measures. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "Loyalists'  Convention " of  1866. 

Bunner,  Rudolph. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1827  to  1829,  and  died  at  Otsego, 
July  23,  1837,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Burch,    John    Chilton.  —  Eorn  in 

Boone  County,  Missouri,  February  1, 1826 ; 
received  a  liberal  education  and  studied 
law ;  held  the  position  of  Military  Secre 
tary  to  the  Governor  of  Missouri ;  in  1850 
he  emigrated  to  California,  and  turned  his 
attention  to  mining ;  in  1853  he  was  elect 
ed  District  Attorney  for  his  County,  and 
commenced  the  practice  of  law ;  in  1856 
was  returned  to  the  Assembly,  and  in  1857 
to  the  State  Senate,  where  he  remained 
until  1859,  when  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  California,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Agriculture,  and  of  the 
Special  Committee  of  Thirty-three. 

Burd,  George. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1831  to  1835,  anddiedatBedford,Penn- 
sylvauia,  January  13, 1844,  aged  fifty  years. 

Buryes,  Tristam. — Born  in  Plym 
outh  County,  Massachusetts,  February 
26,  1770,  and  died  in  Rhode  Island,  Octo 
ber  13,  1853.  He  graduated  at  the  Rhode 
Island  College  in  1796;  studied  law  and 
taught  school  at  the  same  time ;  com 
menced  the  practice  of  his  profession  in 
Providence,  and  acquired  great  influence 
and  distinction  as  an  advocate;  in  1818 
was  elected  Chief  Justice  of  Rhode  Island; 
occupied  the  Chair  of  Oratory  in  Brown 
University ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  'from  1825 
to  1835.  He  acquired  great  reputation  by 
a  parliamentary  contest  with  John  Ran 
dolph,  and  left  behind  him  many  interest 
ing  pamphlets  on  political  and  literary 
subjects.  His  characteristics  as  a  debater 
were  withering  sarcasm,  combined  with 
fervid  eloquence  and  rare  reasoning 
power. 

Burgess,  Dempseij.—He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Provincial  Congress  of  North 
Carolina;  a  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  mi 
litia;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  North  Carolina,  from  1795  to  1798. 

BurJce,  Edanus. — He  was  born  in 
Galway,  Ireland,  and  came  to  America  at 
the  beginning  of  the  Revolution.  In  1778 
he  was  appointed  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1789  to  1791.  He  was  an  earnest  Re 
publican,  and  died  at  Charleston,  March 
30,  1802,  aged  fifty-nine  years.  He  pub 
lished  a  pamphlet  against  the  Order  of  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


61 


Cincinnati;  and,  because  he  would  not  re 
sign  his  Judgeship  on  being  elected  to 
Congress,  the  Legislature  passed  a  law 
prohibiting  any  State  Judge  from  leaving 
the  State,  and  he  resigned  his  seat  iii 
Congress. 

Burke,  Edmund.  —  Born  in  West 
minster,  Vermont,  January  23,  1809;  was 
educated  by  private  tutors ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829 ;  and 
removed  to  New  Hampshire  in  1833,  where 
he  established,  in  Sullivan  County,  the 
"New Hampshire  Argus,"  which  he  edited 
a  number  of  years.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  ia  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 
from  1839  to  1845,  and  was  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  the  Library,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  Commerce  and 
Claims;  and,  by  President  Polk,  was  ap 
pointed  Commissioner  of  Patents  in  Wash 
ington.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion  "  of  186G. 

Burke,  Thomas. — He  was  born  in 
Ireland  in  1747 ;  when  about  seventeen 
years  of  age  he  left  Ireland,  and  settled  in 
Accomac  County,  Virginia,  where  he  re 
sided  some  years,  engaged  in  the  study 
and  practice  of  medicine.  He  subse 
quently  changed  his  profession  for  that 
of  law,  removed  to  Norfolk  and  practised. 
In  1772  he  removed  to  Hillsborough, 
Orange  County,  North  Carolina.  He  first 
attracted  public  attention  in  Virginia  by 
his  writings  in  opposition  to  the  Stamp 
Act,  and  in  North  Carolina  participated  in 
the  formation  of  the  Constitution  for  that 
State.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1777  to  1781.  In  the 
latter  year  he  was  chosen  Governor  of 
North  Carolina.  While  in  that  position 
he  was  seized  by  the  Tories  as  a  prisoner 
of  State,  and,  being  transferred  to  Charles 
ton,  he  was  sent  by  General  Leslie  to 
James'  Island  on  parole,  where  he  was  de 
tained  as  a  hostage ;  and,  becoming  exas 
perated,  after  four  months'  imprisonment, 
he  determined  to  escape,  in  which  purpose 
he  was  successful.  He  addressed  a  letter 
to  General  Leslie,  informing  him  of  his 
reasons  for  withdrawing,  but  considered 
himself  subject  to  the  disposal  of  the 
British  authority.  An  exchange  was 
effected  by  General  Greene,  and  he  re 
turned  to  his  position  as  Governor.  He 
retired  from  public  life  the  next  year,  and 
died  near  Ilillsborough,  December  2, 1783. 

Burleigh,  Walter  A*  —  He  was  a 

Delegate  from  the  Territory  of  Dakota  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress. 

Burleigh,  William.— He  was  born 
In  Rockingham,  New  Hampshire,  bred  a 
lawyer,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  South  Berwick,  York  County, 
Maine,  for  two  terms,  from  1823  to  1827, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 


Expenditures    in  the   State  Department. 
Died  in  July,  1827. 

Burlingaine,  Anson. — Born  in  New 
Berlin,  Chenango  County,  New  York,  No 
vember  14,  1822.  His  youth  was  spent  on 
the  Western  frontiers,  at  one  time  acting 
with  surveying  parties,  and  at  another 
participating  in  the  making  of  Indian 
treaties,  far  beyond  the  confines  of  civil 
ization.  He  laid  the  foundation  of  his 
education  at  the  Branch  University  of 
Michigan,  but,  removing  to  Massachusetts, 
he  entered  Harvard  University,  where  he 
received  a  degree  in  1846.  He  studied 
law  and  practised  in  Boston.  In  1852  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  in 
1853  was  a  member  of  the  Convention  for 
revising  the  Constitution  of  Massachu 
setts.  He  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  He  was  also  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
same  committee.  In  1861  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Lincoln  Minister  to 
Austria,  and  subsequently  to  China,  which 
latter  position  he  resigned  in  1867  to  ac 
cept  a  diplomatic  appointment  from  China 
to  the  European  Powers,  as  well  as  to  the 
United  States. 

Burnett,  Barker. — He  was  a  native 
of  Nautucket.  When  only  twenty-two 
years  of  age  he  was  chosen  a  member  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  in  his  na 
tive  Commonwealth.  A  few  years  later 
he  passed  into  the  senatorial  body,  where, 
in  spite  of  his  youth,  he  became  a  leading 
member.  He  sat  also  in  the  Convention 
which  framed  the  present  Constitution  of 
Massachusetts ;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
Harrftburg  Convention  of  1840;  and 
served  as  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1841  to  1843. 
He  died  in  Washington,  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  June  4,  1843,  aged  forty-five  years. 

Burnett,  Jacob. — Was  born  in  New 
ark,  New  Jersey,  on  the  22d  of  February, 
1770.  He  was  a  graduate  of  Princeton 
College  in  1791;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
by  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Jersey  in 
1796,  and  removed  to  Cincinnati  imme 
diately  thereafter,  where  he  continued  to 
reside  until  his  death.  During  the  first 
twenty  years  of  that  residence  he  devoted 
himself  to  the  practice  of  his  profession, 
and  was  ranked  among  the  most  distin 
guished  members  of  the  bar.  When  the 
second  grade  of  the  Territorial  govern 
ment  was  established,  in  1799,  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Adams,  a  member 
of  the  Legislative  Council,  which  appoint 
ment  he  held  till  the  establishment  of  the 
State  government  of  Ohio,  in  the  winter 
of  1802-3.  He  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  during  the  war  of  1812,  and 
took  an  active  part  in  sustaining  the  mcas- 


62 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


ures  proposed  in  that  body  to  aid  the  Gen 
eral  Government  in  maintaining  the  con 
test.  In  1821  he  was  appointed  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ohio, 
which  commission  he  resigned  in  Decem 
ber,  1828,  and  was  immediately  afterwards 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States, 
to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resig 
nation  of  his  friend  General  Harrison, 
serving  until  1831.  In  the  same  year  he 
was  chosen,  by  the  Legislature  'of  the 
State  of  Kentucky,  one  of  the  Commission 
ers  to  settle  the  matters  in  controversy 
between  that  State  and  the  Common 
wealth  of  Virginia,  in  regard  to  the  com 
plaints  of  the  latter  against  the  statute  of 
limitation.  He  was  the  flrst  President  of 
the  Astronomical  Society  of  Cincinnati, 
and  still  continued,  in  1852,  an  active 
member  of  that  institution.  He  was  for 
many  years  the  President  of  the  Coloni 
zation  Society  of  Hamilton  County,  Presi 
dent  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the 
Medical  College  of  Ohio,  and  President 
of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Cincin 
nati  College,  and,  upon  the  nomination  by 
Lafayette,  had  been  elected  a  member  of 
the  French  Academy.  In  1847  he  pub 
lished  a  volume  entitled  "  Notes  on  the 
Early  Settlement  of  the  North-western  Ter 
ritory,"  which  is  considered  as  containing 
much  interesting  information,  especially 
as  to  Ohio,  the  progress  of  which  he  wit 
nessed  from  a  Territory.  He  died  at  Cin 
cinnati  in  1853. 

Burnett,  Henry  C. — Born  in  Essex 
County,  Virginia,  October  5, 1825 ;  studied 
law  as  a  profession,  and  practised  in  Ken 
tucky  ;  was  Clerk  in  the  Circuit  Court  of 
Trigg  County,  in  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853,  and  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses.  He 
was  Chairman,  during  the  first  session  of 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  of  the  Commit 
tee  of  Inquiry  in  regard  to  the  sale  of  Fort 
Snelling,  and  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  the  District  of  Columbia.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  also  to 
the  Thirty-seventh,  but  was  expelled  for 
treasonable  conduct  in  December,  18G1, 
and  took  part  in  the  Rebellion.  Died  of 
cholera  near  Hopkinton,  Kentucky,  Oc 
tober  1,  1866. 

Burnett,  William.— He  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1749,  and  was  a 
Delegate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1780  and  1781.  Died 
in  1791. 

Burnham,  Alfred  A.  —  Born  in 
"Windham,  Windham  County,  Connecticut, 
March  8,  1819;  prepared  himself  for  col 
lege  at  the  Sufileld  Literaiy  Institution; 
taught  school  for  a  while,  and  spent  one 
vear  at  Washington  College,  which  he  left 
lor  want  of  means,  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843;  was  elected 
to  the  Connecticut  Legislature  in  1844  and 


1845;  was  Clerk  of  the  State  Senate  iu 
1847;  and  was  subsequently  appointed 
Judge  of  Probate  for  the  District  of  Dan- 
bury.  In  1850  he  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature;  in  1857  Lieutenant- 
Governor  of  Connecticut;  in  1858  again 
elected  to  the  Legislature  and  made 
Speaker ;  and  in  1859  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Thir 
ty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Patents.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs. 

Burns,  Joseph, — Born  in  Waynesbo- 
rough,  Augusta  County,  Virginia,  March 
11,  1800;  was  educated  at  the  Ohio  Union 
Schools ;  was  by  trade  a  hatter  and  then  a 
farmer;  filled  various  County  and  State 
offices;  and  was  elected,  from  the  State 
of  Ohio,  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Expenditures  in  the  Post 
Office  Department  and  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions. 

Burns,  Robert. — He  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire ;  served  three  years  in  the  State 
Legislature  as  Senator  and  Representa 
tive,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from  1833 
"to  1837.  Died  at  Plymouth,  New  Hamp 
shire,  June  20,  186G. 

Burnside,  Tliomas.—  Was  an  Asso 
ciate  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1815  to  1816, 
when  he  resigned.  He  died  at  German- 
town,  Pennsylvania,  March  25,  1827. 

Burr,  Aaron.  —  He  was  born  in 
Newark,  New  Jersey,  February  G,  1756. 
He  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1772, 
at  the  age  of  sixteen;  in  1775,  in  his 
twentieth  year,  he  joined  the  American 
army  under  Washington,  at  Cambridge; 
accompanied  General  Arnold  as  a  private 
soldier  in  his  expedition  against  Quebec; 
after  his  arrival  there,  he  acted  as  an  aide- 
de-camp  to  General  Montgomery ;  and  on 
his  return,  in  1776,  General  Washington 
invited  him  to  join  his  family  at  head 
quarters.  Some  circumstances  soon  took 
place  by  which  he  forever  lost  the  confi 
dence  of  Washington ;  and  the  hostility 
of  the  former  to  the  latter,  from  that  time, 
was  undisguised  and  unmitigated.  In 
1777  he  was  appointed  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
and  distinguished  himself  as  an  able  and 
brave  officer;  but  in  March,  1799,  he  was, 
on  account  of  the  state  of  his  health,  com 
pelled  to  resign  his  office  and  retire  from 
military  life.  He  then  devoted  himself  to 
the  study  of  law ;  commenced  practice  at 
Albany  in  1782,  but  soon  removed  to  the 
city  of  New  York ;  he  became  distinguished 
in  his  profession ;  was  appointed  Attorney- 
General  of  New  York  in  1789;  from  1791 
to  1797  he  was  a  member  of  the  United 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    EECOEDS. 


States  Senate,  and  bore  a  conspicuous 
part  as  a  leader  of  the  Democratic  or  Re 
publican  party.  At  the  election  of  Presi 
dent  of  the  United  States  for  the  fourth 
Presidential  term  Thomas  Jefferson  and 
Aaron  Burr  had  each  seventy -three  votes, 
and  the  choice  was  decided  by  Congress, 
on  the  thirty-sixth  ballot,  in  favor  of  Jef 
ferson  for  President,  and  Burr  for  Vice- 
President.  On  the  12th  of  July,  1804, 
Colonel  Burr  gave  Alexander  Hamilton, 
long  his  professional  rival  and  political 
opponent,  a  mortal  wound  in  a  duel.  He 
soon  after  conceived  the  project  of  his 
enterprise  in  the  Western  country  of  the 
United  States ;  for  which  he  was  at  length 
apprehended  and  brought  to  Richmond,  in 
August,  1807,  on  a  charge  of  treason ;  and 
after  a  long  trial  was  acquitted.  He  after 
wards  returned  to  the  city  of  New  York, 
practised  law  to  some  extent,  but  passed 
the  remainder  of  his  life  in  comparative 
obscurity  and  neglect.  He  was  of  small 
stature,  yet  he  had  a  lofty  mien,  a  military 
air,  a  remarkably  brilliant  eye,  and  a 
striking  appearance.  He  possessed  dis 
tinguished  talents  and  many  accomplish 
ments.  He  died  on  Staten  Island,  New 
York,  September  14,  183(5,  and  his  life  was 
published  iu  1838  by  Matthew  L.  Davis. 
• 

Burr,  Albert  G.  —  He  was  born  in 
Illinois  in  1829 ;  received  a  good  English 
education;  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
was  elected  to  the  Illinois  Legislature  in 
1861 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  of  18G2,  and  author  of 
the  address  accompanying  the  constitution 
to  the  people ;  re-elected  in  1863,  and  in 
18GG  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Illinois  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving- 
on  the  Committees  on  Revolutionary  and 
Invalid  Pensions. 

Burritt,  James.— He  was  born  in 
Providence,  Rhode  Island,  April  25,  1772 ; 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1788; 
studied  law,  devoted  himself  to  its  prac 
tice,  and  was  Attorney-General  of  the 
State  of  Rhode  Island  from  1797  to  1813; 
was  a  member  and  Speaker  of  the  Assem 
bly  in  1814;  and  was  Chief  Justice  of  the 
State  in  1S1G.  He  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1816,  and  served 
as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  the 
Judiciary,  on  Commerce,  on  Manufactures, 
and  on  Accounts.  He  died  at  Washing 
ton,  before  the  expiration  of  his  term, 
December  25,  1820.  lie  was  considered 
an  able  scholar  and  a  wise  judge. 

BurrouffJis,  Silas  flf. — He  was  born 
in  New  York;  served  four  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  that  State,  and  was  elected 
a  Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Indian  Affiiirs.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  and  died  at  Medina,  New  York, 
June3,  I860. - 


Burrows,  Daniel. — He  was  born  in 
Groton,  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  iu  Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from 
1821  to  1823. 

Burrows,  Ijorcnzo. — He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1849  to 
1S">3;  and  in  1855  he  was  elected  Comp 
troller  of  New  York. 

Burt,  Armistcad.—He  Avas  born  iu 
South  Carolina,  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion,  adopted  the  profession  of  law.  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
South  Carolina,  from  1843  to  1853.  Dur 
ing  a  part  of  the  Thirtieth  Congress  he 
officiated  as  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives. 

Burton,  Hutcliins  G.— He  was  born 
in  Granville  County,  North  Carolina; 
studied  law;  in  1810  represented  Mecklen 
burg  in  the  State  Legislature,  and,  in  181G, 
the  County  of  Halifax;  was  for  several 
years  Attorney-General  of  the  State.  He 
served  as  a  Representative  iu  Congress, 
from  North  Carolina,  from  1819  to  1824.  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  the 
Judiciary  and  Military  Affairs ;  he  was 
then  elected  Governor  of  North  Carolina, 
from  1824  to  1827.  He  died  in  Iredell 
County,  April  21,  1836. 

Burton,  Robert. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1787  to  1788. 

Burwell,   William  E. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1806  to  1821.  Died  February 
16,  1821,  iu  Washington  City,  before  the 
expiration  of  his  term. 

Busby,  George  JET.— He  was  born  in 
Darstowu,  Northumberland  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  July  10,  1794.  In  1810  he  re 
moved  with  his  father  to  Ohio,  where  he 
acquired  a  knowledge  of  the  cabinet-mak 
ing  business  and  devoted  himself  to  farm 
ing.  In  1824  he  was  appointed  Clerk  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  and  of  the  Su 
preme  Court,  and  subsequently  a  Recorder 
of  Deeds  in  the  County  of  Marion ;  and  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1851  to  1853,  from  Ohio. 

Butler,  Andrew  Pic7cens.—Re  was 

born  in  Edgefleld  District,  South  Carolina, 
November  19,  1796.  He  graduated  at 
South  Carolina  College  in  1817,  studied 
law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1818,  became 
a  member  of  the  Legislature  when  quite  a 
young  man,  and  was  appointed,  in  1835, 
one  of  the  Judges  of  the  General  Sessions 
of  Common  Pleas,  which  office  ho  held 
until  1847,  when  he  was  appointed  by  the 
executive  to  fill  the  vacancy  in  the  United 
States  Senate  caused  by  the  death  of  Mr. 
McDuffie.  He  was  subsequently  elected 


64 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


and  re-elected  to  the  same  position,  and 
was  in  this  office  at  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  at  his  home,  May  25, 
1857.  He  was  a  statesman  of  ability  and 
influence;  was  a  relative  of  Preston  S. 
Brooks ;  and  it  was  because  of  remarks 
made  about  him  in  debate,  by  Charles 
Sumner,  that  Mr.  Brooks  made  a  personal 
assault  upon  Mr.  Sumner. 

Butler,  Chester. — Born  in  Wilkes- 
barre,  Luzerne  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
March,  1798 ;  graduate'd  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1817;  read  law  at  the  Litchfielcl 
School,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1820.  He  served  three  terms  in  the  Leg 
islature  of  Pennsylvania;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1845  to  1850,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Claims. 
He  died  in  Philadelphia,  October  5,  18cO. 

Butler,  Benjamin  FranMin.—lle 

was  born  in  South  Deerfleld,  New  Hamp 
shire,  November  5, 1818;  his  grandfather, 
Zephaniah,  having  been  an  officer  in  the 
Revolution,  and  his  father,  John,  having 
served  under  General  Jackson  at  New  Or 
leans.  He  graduated  at  Waterville  Col 
lege  in  1838 ;  studied  law,  and  on  being 
admitted  to  the  bar  settled  in  Lowell, 
Massachusetts,  practising  his  profession 
in  that  city  and  in  Boston ;  in  1853  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
subsequently  a  member  of  the  Convention 
to  revise  the  State  Constitution ;  in  1859 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate;  in 
1860  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Charleston 
Convention;  in  1861  was  appointed  a 
Brigadier-General,  and  entered  actively 
into  the  war  movements ;  before  the  close 
of  that  year  he  was  made  a  Major-Gen- 
eral,  serving  as  such  in  New  Orleans  and 
various  other  portions  of  the  rebellious 
States ;  at  the  conclusion  of  the  Rebellion 
he  resumed  his  profession  of  law  in  Low 
ell,  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Massachusetts,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress ;  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Ordnance  and  Appropria 
tions,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Special 
Committee  on  the  Assassination  of  Presi 
dent  Lincoln;  and  he  was  one  of  the 
Managers  in  the  Impeachment  Trial  of 
Andrew  Johnson. 

Butler,  Ezra. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from 
1813  to  1815,  and  Governor  of  that  State 
during  the  years  1826  and  1827.  He  died 
at  Waterbury,  Vermont,  July  19,  1838. 

Butler,  Josiah, — Born  in  Rocking- 
ham  County,  New  Hampshire,  in  1780,  and 
died  at  Deerfleld,  October  29,  1854.  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1803 ; 
studied  law  in  Virginia,  and  practised  it 
in  his  native  State.  He  was  repeatedly 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature;  was  a 
County  Sheriff,  and  a  Clerk  of  the  Courts. 


He  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Hampshire,  in  1817,  and 
served  in  that  capacity  until  1823,  officiat 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Agriculture  during  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress.  He  was  then  appointed  Judge  of 
the  Superior  Court  of  New  Hampshire, 
which  he  held  until  the  office  was  abol 
ished. 

Butler  Pierce. — He  came  of  the  fam 
ily  of  the  Dukes  of  Ormond,  in  Ireland. 
Before  the  Revolution  he  was  a  Major  in 
a  British  regiment  in  Boston,  but  after 
wards  attached  himself  to  the  republican 
institutions  of  America.  In  1787  he  was 
a  Delegate,  from  South  Carolina,  to  the 
old  Congress;  in  1788,  a  member  of  the 
Convention  which  framed  the  Constitu 
tion  of  the  United  States,  having  signed 
the  same;  and,  under  it,  was  one  of  the 
first  Senators  from  South  Carolina,  and 
remained  in  Congress  till  1796.  He  waa 
one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating  the 
Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 
On  the  death  of  J.  E.  Calhoun,  in  1802, 
he  became  again  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
but  resigned  in  1804.  He  was  opposed  to 
some  of  the  measures  of  Washington's  ad 
ministration,  but  approved  of  the  war  of 
1812.  He  died  at  Philadelphia,  February 
15,  1822,  aged  seventy-seven. 

Butler,  RodericJc  JR.— He  was  born 
in  Wytheville,  Virginia;  received  a  lim 
ited  education;  commenced  life  as  a  me 
chanic,  but  having  studied  law,  adopted 
that  profession  and  settled  in  Tennessee ; 
he  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  a  Major  of 
the  Militia,  a  Postmaster  under  President 
Fillmore;  served  two  years  in  the  State 
Assembly  and  one  in  the  State  Senate; 
was  a  County  Judge,  and  a  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  during  the  Rebellion;  and  was 
subsequently  Judge  of  the  First  Judicial 
District  of  the  State,  holding  the  office 
from  1865  to  1867,  when  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Tennessee,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress.  He  was  also  Chairman 
of  the  Republican  State  Committee.  , 

Butler,  Samson  JET.— He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1840  to  1843. 

Butler,  Thomas.— He  was  born  in 
Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Louisiana, 
from  1818  to  1821.  Died  August  14, 
1847. 

Butler,  TJwmas  B.—lle  was  born 
in  Wethersfleld,  Connecticut,  in  1807; 
was  educated  a  lawyer;  served  in  the 
Connecticut  Legislature ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecti 
cut,  from  1849  to  1851. 

Butler,  William.— He  was  the  father 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


of  the  late  Senator  A.  P.  Butler,  and 
graduated  at  the  College  of  South  Caro 
lina  as  a  student  of  medicine ;  served  as 
an  Officer  and  Surgeon  both  in  the  Army 
and  Navy  of  the  United  States ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1801  to  1811.  He  died 
December  8,  1821. 

Butler,  William.—  He  was  a  native 
of  South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the 
South  Carolina  College  in  1810;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1841  to  1843.  He  was  the 
brother  of  the  late  Senator  A.  P.  Butler, 
and  his  wife  was  the  sister  of  the  late 
Commodore  O.  H.  Perry. 

Sutler,  William  O.— He  was  born 
in  Jessamine  County,  Kentucky,  in  1793, 
and  came  of  a  family  honorably  identified 
with  the  Revolution.  He  was  liberally 
educated,  and  when  the  war  of  1812  broke 
out  he  enlisted  as  a  soldier ;  was  an  en 
sign  under  General  Winchester,  at  the 
battle  of  the  River  Raisin;  and  under 
General  Jackson,  in  the  South,  he  attained 
the  rank  of  Captain,  and  was  made  a 
Colonel  in  1817.  After  spending  many 
years  in  retirement,  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
in  1839,  and  re-elected  in  1841 ;  and  dur 
ing  the  war  with  Mexico  he  obtained  such 
distinction  that  he  was  promoted  to  the 
position  of  Major-General  in  the  regular 
army ;  a  sword  was  voted  to  him  by  Con 
gress,  March  2,  1847 ;  and  when  General 
Scott  was  recalled  from  the  City  of  Mex 
ico,  General  Butler  was  left  chief-in-com- 
mand,  and  announced  the  ratification  of 
the  treaty  of  peace,  May  29,  1848.  In 
1848  he  was  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
Vice-President,  on  the  ticket  with  Lewis 
Cass  for  President.  He  was  appointed, 
by  President  Pierce,  Governor  of  Nebraska 
Territory,  but  declined  the  appointment. 
He  is  the  author  of  many  fugitive  pieces 
of  poetry,  several  of  which  possess  un 
common  merit,  and  one,  entitled  "  The 
Boat  Horn,"  has  attained  great  popularity. 
In  1861  he  was  member  of  the  Peace  Con 
gress  held  in  .Washington. 

Butman,  Samuel.— He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Maine  Legislature  in  1822, 
1826,  and  1827,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Penobscot  County,  Maine, 
from  1827  to  1831,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Internal  Improvements. 
In  1846  he  was  a  County  Commissioner, 
and  in  1853  was  re-elected  to  the  Legisla 
ture,  and  made  President  of  the  Senate. 
Died  in  1864. 

Buttcrfleld,    Martin.  —  He    was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Agricul 
ture. 

5 


B)/nam,  Jesse  A. — Born  in  Halifax 
County,  North  Carolina.  He  was  edu 
cated  at  Union  College,  New  York ;  served 
a  number  of  years  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture;  was  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
North  Carolina,  from  1833  to  1841.  While 
in  Congress  lie  fought  a  duel  with  Daniel 
Jenifer,  which  terminated  harmlessly; 
and  at  the  close  of  his  last  term  he  re 
moved  to  Louisiana. 

Cabell,  Edward  C. — Born  in  Rich 
mond,  Virginia,  1817;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Virginia;  and  in  1837  re 
moved  to  the  Territory  of  Florida,  where 
he  settled  as  a  cotton  planter.  He  repre 
sented  the  State  of  Florida  in  Congress, 
from  1847  to  1853. 

Cabell,  Samuel  J. — In  the  begin 
ning  of  the  war  of  the  Revolution  he  was 
at  William  and  Mary  College,"  and  left 
there  to  join  the  first  armed  corps  raised 
in  Virginia,  and  soon  attained  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant  -  Colonel  in  the  Continental 
Army,  serving  with  honor  in  all  the  cam 
paigns,  till  the  fall  of  Charleston,  May  12, 
1780,  when  he  became  a  prisoner,  and  the 
close  of  the  war  restored  him  to  liberty. 
For  many  years  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Virginia  Assembly,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1795  to 
1803.  He  died  in  Nelson  County,  Vir 
ginia,  September  4,  1818,  aged  sixty-oue 
years. 

Cable,  Joseph. — He  was  born  iu 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1853. 

Cabot,  George.  —  Born  in  Salem, 
Massachusetts,  in  1752,  and  emplojTed  the 
early  part  of  his  life  in  foreign  commerce. 
Before  he  was  twenty-six  years  old  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Provincial 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  where  he 
advocated  those  principles  of  political 
economy  for  which  he  was  afterwards  dis 
tinguished  ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  Constitution  of 
that  State,  and  also  of  that  which  ratified 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  to 
promote  which  he  made  the  most  strenu 
ous  exertions.  From  1791  to  1796  he 
served  in  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
was  one  of  the  most  distinguished  mem 
bers  of  that  body ;  a  confidential  friend 
of  Washington  and  Hamilton,  to  the  lat 
ter  of  whom  he  rendered  most  important 
assistance  in  forming  his  financial  system. 
In  1808  he  was  a  member  of  the  Council 
of  Massachusetts,  and  in  1814  a  Delegate 
to  the  Hartford  Convention,  and  was 
made  President  of  that  body.  He,  after 
that  period,  retired  from  public  life,  and 
died  at  Boston,  April  18,  1823,  aged 
seventy-two. 

Cadw,alader>  John.— lie  was  born 
in,  Pennsylvania,,  and  was  a  Representa- 


66 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Cadwalader,  Lambert.  —  He  was 
born  in  Trenton,  New  Jersey.  He  com 
manded  a  regiment  early  in  the  Revolu 
tion,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1789  to 
1791,  and  again  from  1793  to  1795.  He 
was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating 
the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 
He  died  in  Trenton,  September  12,  1823, 
aged  eighty-two  years.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  1784  to  1787. 

Cacti/,  Daniel.  —  He  was  born  in 
Chatham,  Columbia  County,  New  York, 
April  29,  1773;  was  bred  a  shoemaker; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1795, 
and  practised  with  success;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1815  to  1817,  having  previous 
ly  served  five  years  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture.  In  1846  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  New  York,  which 
he  resigned  in  1856 ;  and  he  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1856,  when  he  presided 
over  the  College.  In  April,  1859,  without 
a  moment's  warning,  he  became  totally 
blind.  Died  in  Johnstown,  New  York, 
October  31,  1859. 

Cady,  John  W. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1822,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1823  to  1825. 

Cage,  Harry. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi,  from 
1833  to  1835. 

Cahoon,  William,. — He  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1809,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from 
1829  to  1833.  From  1815  to  1820  he  was 
also  a  State  Councillor;  County  Judge  for 
nine  years ;  Lieutenant  Governor  of  Ver 
mont  in  1820  and  1821;  and  for  seven 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature. 

CaJee,  Henry  L.—  Born  in  Northum 
berland,  Pennsylvania,  October  6,  1827; 
educated  in  the  schools  of  his  native  town ; 
learned  the  business  of  printing  at  Harris- 
burg,  and  settled  in  Schuylkill  County  in 
1847;  was  elected  Brigadier-General  of 
Militia  in  1854;  on  the  18th  of  April,  1861, 
he  arrived  in  Washington  in  command  of 
the  first  five  hundred  soldiers  enlisted  to 
put  down  the  Rebellion,  and  was  quartered 
in  the  Capitol  twenty-four  hours  before 
any  other  volunteers  had  arrived ;  in  May, 
these  troops  were  organized  as  the  25th 
Regiment  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and 
he  was  elected  its  Colonel;  after  serving 
for  a  time  under  Generals  Stone  and  Pat 
terson,  he  reorganized  his  regiment,  which 
became  the  96th,  and  continued  in  the 
service  until  1803,  when  he  resigned.  Be 


fore  entering  the  arrny  he  was  twice  a 
candidate  for  the  State  Senate ;  and  in 
1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Printing, 
the  Library  and  Roads  and  Canals. 

Caldwell,  George  A.— He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845,  and  again  from  1849  to  1851.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  National  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Caldwell,  Greene  W.— Born  in  Gas- 
ton  County,  North  Carolina,  April  13, 1811. 
He  studied  medicine,  and  practised  with 
success,  but  subsequently  devoted  himself 
to  the  law.  He  served  a  number  of  years 
in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
from  1841  to  1843.  He  was  subsequently 
•appointed  Superintendent  of  the  United 
States  Mint,  at  Charlotte,  which  position 
he  resigned.  He  participated  in  the  war 
with  Mexico  as  volunteer  Captain  of  a 
company  of  dragoons. 

Caldwell,  James.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1813  to  1817. 

Caldwell,  Joseph  P.— Born  ,in  Ire- 
dell  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1808.  He 
was  educated  at  Bethany  Academy; 
studied  law;  and  entered  public  life  in 
1838,  as  a  member  of  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  where  he  served  a  number  of  years, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  North  Carolina,  from  1849  to  1853. 

Caldwell,  Patriclc  C.—  He  was  a 
native  of  South  Carolina,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1841  to  1843,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Manufactures. 

Calhoun,  John.— Re  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1839. 

Calhoun,  John  C.— Born  in  Abbe 
ville  District,  South  Carolina,  March  18, 
1782.  He  was  of  an  Irish  family.  His 
father,  Patrick  Calhoun,  was  born  in  Ire 
land,  and  at  an  early  age  came  to  Pennsyl 
vania,  thence  went  to  the  western  part  of 
Virginia,  and  after  Braddock's  defeat, 
moved  to  South  Carolina  in  1756.  At  the 
age  of  thirteen  he  was  put  under  the  charge 
of  his  brother-in-law,  Dr.  Wacldell,  in  Co 
lumbia  County,  Georgia.  He  entered  Yale 
College  in  1802,  and  graduated  with  dis 
tinction  ;  studied  law"  at  Litchfielcl,  Con 
necticut  ;  and  in  1807  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  of  South  Carolina.  The  next  year  he 
entered  the  Legislature  of  tluit  State, 
where  he  served  for  two  sessions  with 
ability  and  distinction,  and  in  1811  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


67 


elected  to  Congress,  where  he  continued 
until  1817,  when  lie  became  Secretary  of 
War  under  President  Monroe,  and  con 
ducted  the  affairs  of  that  department  with 
energy  and  ability  for  seven  years.  In 
1825  he  was  elected  Vice-President,  and  in 
1831,  upon  General  Haync's  leaving  the 
Senate  to  become  Governor  of  South 
Carolina,  Mr.  Calhoun  resigned  the  Vice- 
Presidenc}',  and  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  United  States  Senate  by  the  Legisla 
ture  of  South  Carolina.  After  the  expira 
tion  of  his  senatorial  term,  he  went  vol 
untarily  into  retirement.  Upon  the  death 
of  Mr.  Upshur,  in  1843,  he  assumed  the 
conduct  of  the  State  Department,  which 
he  held  until  the  close  of  President  Tyler's 
administration.  In  1845  he  was  again 
elected  Senator,  which  office  he  held  until 
his  decease.  From  1811,  when  he  entered 
Congress,  until  his  death,  he  was  rarely 
absent  from  Washington,  and  during  the 
most  of  that  period  he  was  in  the  public 
service  of  his  State  and  country.  He  en 
tered  Congress  at  a  time  of  unusual  ex 
citement,  preceding  the  declaration  of  war 
of  1812,  and  had  great  influence  in  favor 
of  that  measure.  In  the  difficulties  and 
embarrassments  upon  the  termination  of 
war,  and  the  transition  to  a  peace  estab 
lishment,  he  took  a  responsible  part.  As 
a  presiding  officer  of  the  Senate  he  was 
punctual,  methodical,  and  accurate,  and 
had  a  high  regard  for  the  dignity  of  the 
body,  which  he  endeavored  to  preserve 
and  maintain.  His  connection  with  nulli 
fication,  his  views  of  the  tariff,  his  opin 
ions  in  regard  to  slaveiy,  and  the  many 
and  exciting  questions  arising  from  it, 
are  well  known.  He  shaped  the  course 
and  moulded  the  opinions  of  the  people 
of  his  own  State,  and  of  some  other 
Southern  States,  upon  all  these  subjects. 
Amid  all  the  strifes  of  party  politics,  there 
always  existed  between  him  and  his  politi 
cal  opponents  a  great  degree  of  personal 
kindness.  He  died  in  Washington  City, 
March  31,  1850,  leaving  behind  him  the 
reputation  of  one  of  the  greatest  and  the 
purest  of  American  statesmen.  His  col 
lected  writings  and  speeches  were  pub 
lished  in  six  volumes,  in  1854-'7,  accom 
panied  with  a  biography. 

Calhoun,  JoJin  E. — Born  in  1749, 
and  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in 
1774.  He  afterwards  studied  law,  in  which 
profession  he  became  distinguished.  Af 
ter  being  for  many  years  in  the  State  Leg 
islature  of  South  Carolina,  he  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
from  1801  to  1802.  He  was  a  decided 
republican,  and  supporter  of  Mr.  Jeffer 
son.  He  was  one  of  the  Committee  who 
were  instructed  to  report  a  modification 
of-  the  judiciary  system  of  the  United 
States.  He  died  in  Pendleton  District, 
Novembers,  1802. 

Calhoun,  Joseph.— E.e  was  a  Repre 


sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1807  to  1811. 

Calhoun,  William  B. — He  was  born 
in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  December  29, 
1796;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1814; 
bred  to  the  law;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in.  Congress,  from  his  native  State, 
from  1835  to  1843.  He  was  also  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature  from  1825  to 
1835,  and  Speaker  for  two  years;  Presi 
dent  of  the  State  Senate  in  1846  and  1847; 
Secretary  of  State  from  1848  to  1851; 
Bank  Commissioner  from  1853  to  1855 ; 
Presidential  Elector  in  1844 ;  and  Mayor 
of  Springfield  in  1859.  Died  in  Spring 
field,  Massachusetts,  November  8,  1865. 

Call,  Jacob. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1824: 
to  1825. 

Call,  Michard  K. — He  was  born  ia 
Kentucky;  and  having  taken  an  interest 
in  military  affairs,  became  Aide-de-camp 
to  General  Jackson  in  1818,  and  was  pro 
moted  to  a  Captain  soon  afterwards,  and 
subsequently  was  appointed  Brigadier- 
General  of  the  Florida  Militia.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Legislative  Council  of 
Florida  in  1822 ;  a  Delegate  to  Congress, 
from  that  Territory,  from  1823  to  1825; 
Receiver  of  Public  Money  from  the  Land 
Office;  and  he  held  the  position  of  Gov 
ernor  of  Florida  from  1836  to  1839,  and 
again  from  1841  to  1844.  Died  at  Talla 
hassee  in  September,  1862. 

Calvert,  Charles  B. — He  was  born 
in  Prince  George  County,  Maryland,  Au 
gust  24,  1808 ;  received  his  earliest  educa 
tion  in  Philadelphia,  but  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Virginia  in  1827.  His  whole 
life  has  been  devoted,  on  a  large  scale,  to 
the  pursuits  of  agriculture.  He  was  for 
many  years  President  of  the  Maryland 
Agricultural  Society;  also  of  the  Prince 
George  County  Society;  and  Vice-Presi 
dent  of  the  United  States  Agricultural 
Society.  He  has  devoted  special  atten 
tion  to  the  I'aising  of  superior  breeds  of 
cattle,  every  variety  of  which  he  has  tried 
on  his  extensive  farms.  He  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  of  Maryland  in  1839, 
1843,  and  1844 ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Maryland  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  the  District  of  Columbia,  and 
on  Agriculture.  Died  at  Riverside,  Mary 
land,  May  14,  1864. 

Calvin,  Samuel.— Born  in  Washing- 
touville,  Columbia  County,  Pennsylvania, 
July  30,  1811.  At  the  age  of  sixteen, 
after  the  death  of  his  father,  he  was 
thrown  upon  his  own  resources,  and  be 
came  a  school-teacher,  with  the  view  of 
supporting  his  father's  family  and  obtain 
ing  the  means  for  a  classical  education ; 
he  accomplished  this  object;  subsequently 


G8 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOBDS. 


studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
iu  1836,  and  practised  in  Hollidaysburg, 
Pennsylvania.  In  1848  he  was  elected  a 
member,  from  Pennsylvania,  of  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  and  in  1850  declined  a  re 
election. 

Cainbreleng,   Churchill    C.  —  He 

•was  born  in  Washington,  North  Carolina, 
in  1786,  and  received  an  academical  educa 
tion  at  Newbern,  in  that  State.  He  had 
a  special  fondness  for  Held  sports,  but  did 
not  let  them  interfere  with  his  duties  as  a 
clerk  in  a  Carolina  store,  where  he  was 
engaged  for  two  years.  He  removed  to 
New  York  City  in  1802,  which  has  since 
that  time  been  his  home,  excepting  the 
year  1806,  when  he  was  a  counting-house 
clerk  in  Providence,  Khode  Island.  He 
engaged  at  an  early  day  in  mercantile 
pursuits  with  John  Jacob  Astor,  and 
travelled  extensively  over  the  world.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1821  to  1839,  and  offici 
ated  as  Chairman  of  the  Committees  on 
Commerce,  Ways  and  Means,  and  on  For 
eign  Affairs.  His  reports  and  political 
pamphlets  were  at  one  time  very  numerous, 
—  one  of  the  former,  on  Commerce  and 
Navigation,  having  gone  through  several 
editions  and  been  republished  in  London. 
While  travelling  in  Europe,  in  1839,  he  re 
ceived  the  appointment  of  Minister  to 
Russia,  and  on  his  return  to  the  United 
States  he  retired  to  private  life.  Died  at 
West  Neck,  Long  Island,  April  30,  1862. 

Cameron,  Simon. — He  was  born  in 
Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1799, 
and  was  left  an  orphan  when  only  nine 
years  of  age.  He  educated  himself  while 
pursuing  the  employment  of  a  printer  in 
newspaper  offices  at  Harrisburg  and  in 
Washington  City,  and  when  twenty-two 
years  of  age  edited  and  published  a  Demo 
cratic  journal  at  the  former  city,  having 
previously  had  charge  of  a  paper,  the 
"Pennsylvania  Intelligencer,"  at  Doyles- 
town,  Pennsylvania.  In  1832  he  estab 
lished  the  Middletown  Bank,  and  devoted 
much  of  his  attention  to  the  railroad  inter 
ests  of  his  native  State,  and  before  enter 
ing  Congress  lie  was  the  Cashier  of  a 
bank,  President  of  two  railroad  compa 
nies,  and  Adjutant-General  of  the  State. 
He  was  first  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress 
in  1845,  where  he  served  until  1849,  and 
lie  was  re-elected  to  the  same  position  in 
1857,  for  the  term  ending  in  1863,  but  re 
signed  in  1861.  He  was  spoken  of  in  1860 
as  one  of  the  candidates  for  the  Presi 
dency,  and  in  1861  became  Secretary  of 
War  under  President  Lincoln.  He  re 
signed  that  position,  and  was  appointed 
Minister  to  Russia  in  1862.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Baltimore  Convention 
of  1864,  and  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyal 
ists'  Convention"  of  1866;  and  in  January, 
1867,  he  was  again  chosen  a  Senator  in 
Congress  for  the  term  ending  iu  1873, 


serving  on  the  Committees  on  Foreign 
Relations,  Military  Affairs,  and  Ordnance, 
and  as  Chairman  of  that  on  Agriculture. 

Cambell,  Alexander.— He  was  bora 
in  Virginia  in  1779 ;  was  bred  a  physician ; 
removed  to  Kentucky  in  1785;  was  a 
member  of  the  Kentucky  Legislature  in 
1800;  removed  to  Ohio  in  1803;  was  a 
member  of  the  Ohio  Legislature  iu  1806; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  that 
State  from  1809  to  1813 ;  served  as  a  State 
Senator  from  1813  to  1823;  and  died  at 
Ripley,  Ohio,  November  5,  1857. 

Cambell,  BrooJcins. — He  was  born 
in  Washington  County,  Tennessee,  iu 
1808 ;  was  for  many  years  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature,  and  In  1845  was 
unanimously  elected  Speaker.  He  was  an 
officer  in  the  Quartermaster's  Department 
in  the  war  with  Mexico,  and  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1853  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  De 
cember  25,  1853. 

Campbell,   George   W.  —  He  was 

born  in  Tennessee,  in  1768 ;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1794;  received  a 
good  education ;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1803  to 
1809,  serving  during  the  last  two  years  of 
his  term  as  Chairman  of  the'  Committee 
on  Ways  and  Means ;  was  Judge  of  the 
United  States  District  Court ;  was  elected 
Senator  of  the  United  States  in  1811,  but 
resigned  on  being  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  in  1814.  He  resumed  his 
seat  In  the  Senate  the  following  year,  and 
served  till  1818,  when  he  was  appointed 
Minister  to  Russia,  where  he  remained 
until  1821.  In  1831  he  was  appointed  one 
of  the  Commissioners  to  settle  the  claims 
on  France.  He  died  at  Nashville,  Tennes 
see,  February  17,  1848. 

Campbell,  James  H.— He  was  born 
in  Williamsport,  Lycoming  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  February  8,  1820 ;  graduated  at 
the  Carlisle  Law  School ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1841 ;  was  a  member  in  1844  of 
the  Whig  Baltimore  Convention  ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1855  to  1857,  and  again 
from  1859  to  1861,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Elections  and  as  a  member  of 
the  Special  Committee  of  thirty-three  on 
the  rebellious  States.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Pa 
cific  Railroad.  In  1864  he  was  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln,  Minister  Resident 
to  Sweden. 

Campbell,  John.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1801  to  1811;  also  Judge  of  the  Or 
phans'  Court  in  Charles  County,  where  he 
died  June  23, 1828,  aged  sixty-three  years. 


BIOGBAPHICAL    ItECOEDS. 


69 


Campbell,  John.— Tie  was  born  in 
South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  South 
Carolina  College  in  1819;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1829  to  1838,  and  again  from  1837  to 
1845.  Died  at  his  residence  in  Marlbor- 
ough  District,  South  Carolina,  May  19, 
1845. 

Campbell,  John.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1837  to  1813. 

Campbell,  John  JET.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1845  to  1847. 

Campbell,  JoJin  P.— He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress. 

Campbell,  John  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Augusta  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1817  to  1827.  Died  September  24, 
1833. 

Campbell,  JLetvis  D.  —  Born  in 
Franklin,  Warren  County,  Ohio,  August 
9, 1811.  He  received  a  limited  education ; 
was  attached  at  an  early  day  to  the  "Cin 
cinnati  Gazette,"  as  printer  and  assistant 
editor;  subsequently  had  the  entire  con 
trol  of  another  political  paper ;  and,  hav 
ing  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  practice. 
He  was  elected  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  in  1848,  and  was  re-elected 
to  each  successive  Congress,  down  to  the 
Thirty-fifth,  when  his  seat  was  contested, 
and  the  House  of  Representatives  decided 
against  his  claim.  During  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  he  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Ways  and  Means.  In  De 
cember,  1865,  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Johnson,  Minister  to  Mexico ;  but 
before  leaving  the  country,  he  attended 
as  a  Delegate,  the  Philadelphia  "  National 
Union,"  and  the  Cleveland  "  Soldiers' 
Convention  "  of  186G. 

Campbell,  Roberts.— He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  South 
Carolina  College  in  1809 ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1823  to  1825,  and  again  from 
1835  to  1837.  He  was  subsequently  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Fillmore,  American 
Consul  at  Havana,  Cuba. 

Campbell,  Samuel.— He  was  born 
in  Mansfield,  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1821  to  1823,  having  previously 
served  five  years  in  the  Assembly  of  that 
State. 

Campbell,   Thomas  F.—Re  was  a 

native  of  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Rep 


resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1834  to  1835. 

Campbell,  Thomas  J.—  He  was  a 

native  of  Tennessee,  and  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843,  and  twice  Clerk  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  from  1847  to  1850;  he 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1837  and 
1841.  During  the  years  1813  and  1814  ho 
was  an  Assistant  Inspector-General  of 
Militia.  He  died  in  Washington,  District 
of  Columbia,  April  13,  1850. 

Campbell,  Thompson.  —  He  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  from 
1851  to  1853. 

Campbell,    William  B.  —  He  was 

born  in  Tennessee;  read  law  at  Abingdou 
and  Winchester,  Virginia;  came  to  the 
bar  in  his  native  State  and  was  soon  af 
terwards  chosen  Attorney-General  for  the 
Fourth  District;  was  elected  to  the  Ten 
nessee  Legislature  in  1835 ;  raised  a  com 
pany  and  served  as  Captain  in  the  Creek 
and  Florida  wars  of  183G;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1837  to  1843,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Claims,  Territories,  and  Mili 
tary  Affairs.  In  1844  he  was  elected 
Major-Gencral  ofJVIilitia,  and  was  Colonel 
of  the  First  Regiment  of  Tennessee  Vol 
unteers  in  the  Mexican  war ,  distinguishing 
himself  at  the  battles  of  Monterey  and 
Cerro  Gordo.  From  1850  to  1853  he  was 
Governor  of  Tennessee,  and  in  1857  was 
chosen,  by  an  unanimous  vote  of  the 
Legislature,  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court 
of  Tennessee.  In  1862,  without  solicita 
tion  on  his  part,  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  a  Brigadier-General  in 
the  Union  Army,  which  he  soon  resigned 
on  account  of  bad  health.  At  the  close 
of  the  war,  in  1865,  he  was  re-elected  a 
Representative  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  but  was  not  admitted  to  his  seat 
until  near  the  close  of  the  first  session  of 
that  Congress,  and  during  the  second 
session  he  was  placed  on  the  Committee 
on  the  New  Orleans  Riots.  Died  in  Leba 
non,  Tennessee,  August  19,  1867. 

Campbell,  William  W.—  Born  in 
Cherry  Valley,  New  York,  June  10,  180G  ; 
graduated  at  Union  College  in  1827,  and 
studied  law  with  Judge  Kent,  of  New 
York,  and  in  1831  he  commenced  the  prac 
tice  of  his  profession  in  that  city,  having 
previously  written  and  published  a  histo 
ry  of  the  Border  War  of  New  York.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1845  to  1847,  and  then 
spent  a  year  in  Europe.  On  his  return  he 
was  appointed  a  Justice  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  New  York  City,  and  served  seven 
years,  and  was  subsequently  elected  a 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State. 


70 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Caiiby,  Richard  S.—  He  was  born 
In  Ohio,  and  was  a  Kepresentative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849. 

Cannon,  Newton. — He  was  born  in 
Guilford  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was 
a  Kepresentative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1814  to  1817,  and  again  from 
1819  to  1823,  and  was  also  appointed  by 
President  Monroe,  in  1819,  one  of  two 
Commissioners  to  treat  with  the  Chicka- 
saws.  He  was  also  Governor  of  Tennes 
see  from  1835  to  1839.  Died  September 
29,  1842. 

Cantine,  John. — He  was  elected  a 
Kepresentative  from  New  York  to  the 
Eighth  Congress,  but  resigned  soon  after 
taking  his  seat,  and  Josiah  Hasbrouck 
was  elected  in  his  place. 

Caperton,  Hugh.— lie  was  born  in 
Virginia  in  1780;  was  a  farmer  by  occupa 
tion  ;  a  member,  for  many  years,  of  the 
State  Legislature ;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  the  Greenbrier  region  of 
Virginia,  from  1813  to  1815.  He  died  in 
Monroe  County,  Virginia,  February  9, 
1847. 

Carey,  George.— He  was  a  native  of 
Charles  County,  Maryland,  but  removed  to 
Georgia,  and  died  in  Upson  County  in  1844. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Georgia,  from  1823  to  1827. 

Carey,  Jeremiah  E. — Born  in  Cov 
entry,  Rhode  Island,  April  30,  1803 ;  com 
menced  active  life  in  the  State  of  New 
York,  by  working  on  a  farm  and  in  the 
tannery  of  an  uncle ;  he  received  a  good 
common-school  education,  which  he  paid 
for  by  his  own  exertions  as  a  teacher ;  he 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1829 ;  was  elected  to  Congress,  from 
Cherry  Valley  County,  in  1842,  and,  after 
his  term  as  a  Representative,  removed  to 
the  City  of  New  York,  where  he  has  since 
been  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession,  and  holding  many  important  local 
offices  connected  with  the  cause  of  educa 
tion. 

Carey,  John. — Born  in  Monongahela 
County,  Virginia,  April  5,  1792;  removed 
with  his  parents  to  the  North-west  Terri 
tory  in  1798 ;  from  that  period  until  1812 
lie  labored  with  his  father  in  the  tanning 
business ;  in  1814  he  assisted  in  building 
the  first  stone  house  in  Columbus ;  after 
•which  he  devoted  himself  to  the  various 
employments  of  carpentering,  milling  in 
its  various  branches,  and  farming;  in  1825 
lie  was  elected  an  Associate  Judge,  which 
office  he  held  for  seven  j'cars-;  he  was 
elected  -to  the  Ohio  Legislature  in  1828, 
1830,  and  1843 ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 


Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Agriculture. 

Carlile,  John  S.—  Born  in  Winches 
ter,  Frederick  County,  Virginia,  Decem 
ber  16,  1817.  He  was  educated  by  his 
mother  until  fourteen  years  of  age,  and 
then  went  into  a  country  store  as  sales 
man  and  clerk,  and  at  the  age  of  seventeen 
commenced  business  for  himself.  At  the 
the  same  time  he  read  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  settled  in 
Beverly,  Randolph  County,  in  1842,  to 
practice.  He  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1847,  and  served  till  1851.  In 
1850  he  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  Virginia,  and  in 
1855  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  serving  one  term.  In  1861  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  and  was 
soon  afterwards  transferred  to  the  Sen 
ate,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Public 
Lands  and  Territories.  His  term  expired 
in  1865. 

Carlton,  Peter.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1807  to  1809. 

Carmichael,  KicJtard  B.  —  Was  a 

native  of  Maryland ;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1828,  and  studied  law ;  was 
a  Representative  from  Maryland  in  the 
Twenty-third  Congress;  was  President 
of  the  courts  of  Queen  Anne's  County, 
Maryland,  in  1861. 

Carmichael,  William,.  —  Was  a 
native  of  Maryland.  In  1776  he  aided 
Mr.  Deane,  the  American  Minister  at 
Paris,  in  his  correspondence;  went  to 
Berlin  to  communicate  to  the  King  of 
Prussia  intelligence  concerning  American 
commerce,  and  assisted  the  American 
Commissioners  in  Paris.  He  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1778  to  1780;  was  Secretary  of  Legation 
during  Mr.  Jay's  mission  to  Spain,  and  re 
mained  as  Charge  d'Atfaires  after  Mr.  Jay 
left  in  1782,  and,  receiving  a  commission 
in  1790,  retained  the  office  for  about  fif 
teen  years.  In  1792  he  was  authorized, 
jointly  with  William  Short,  to  negotiate 
with  Spain  concerning  the  navigation  of 
the  Mississippi  River.  He  died  in  1795. 

Carnes,  Thomas  P. — He  was  born 
and  educated  in  Maryland,  studied  law, 
and  settled  in  Georgia.  He  was  there 
successively  Solicitor-General,  Attorney- 
General,  and  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Georgia,  from  1793  to  1795.  He  died 
at  Milledgeville,  May  8,  1822. 

Carpenter,  Davis.— He  was  born  in 
Walpole,  Cheshire  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  December  25,  1799;  received  an 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


71 


academical  education;  studied  medicine, 
and  took  the  degree  of  M.D.  at  Middle- 
bury  College,  Vermont,  in  1824.  He  re 
moved  to  the  State  of  New  York  in  1825, 
and  there  attained  the  position  of  Colonel 
of  a  rifle  corps,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1853 
to  1855,  in  place  of  A.  Boody,  resigned. 
He  was  subsequently  devoted  to  his  pro 
fession  and  to  surveying. 

Carpenter,  Levi  D.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  iu  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1843  to  1845,  in  the  place  of  Samuel 
Beardsley,  resigned. 

Carr,  Francis. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature  from 
1806  to  1811,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1811 
to  1813.  Died  in  October,  1821,  aged  six 
ty-nine  years. 

Carr,  James.— He  served  three  years 
in  the  Massachusetts  Legislature  from 
Bangor,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1815  to 
1817. 

Carr,  JoJin. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1831 
to  1837,  and  again  from  1839  to  1841,  and 
died  in  Clarke  County,  Indiana,  January 

20, 1845. 

Carrington,   Edward.  —  He    was 

born  in  Virginia,  February  11,  1749;  was 
an  efficient  officer  during  the  Revolution ; 
was  for  some  time  Quartermaster-General 
of  the  Army  under  General  Greene,  in  the 
South,  and  greatly  contributed  to  the  ad 
vantage  gained  over  the  enemy.  He  was 
afterwards  attached  to  the  Army  of  the 
North,  but  previously  to  the  evacuation 
of  Charleston  resumed  his  former  station. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1785  to 
1786 ;  was  foreman  of  the  jury  which  tried 
Aaron  Burr  for  treason.  He  died  October 
28,  1810. 

Carroll,  Charles,  of  Carrollton. 

— He  was  born  in  Annapolis,  Maryland, 
on  the  20th  of  September,  1737 ;  was  de 
scended  from  a  respectable  Irish  family ; 
was  of  the  Roman  Catholic  religion,  and 
inherited  a  very  large  estate.  He  was 
sent  at  an  early  age  to  St.  Omer  to  be 
educated,  and  afterwards  removed  to 
Rheims.  After  having  studied  civil  law 
iu  France,  he  went  to  London  and  pursued 
the  study  of  common  law  at  the  Temple, 
and  returned  to  America  at  the  age  of 
twenty-seven.  He  soon  became  known 
as  an  advocate  for  liberty,  and  was  one  of 
the  ablest  political  writers  of  Maryland. 
In  1776  lie  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the 
old  Congress,  and  subscribed  his  name  to 
the  Declaration  of  Independence,  and  at 
the  time  of  his  death  was  the  last  surviv 


ing  signer  of  that  document.  In  1778  he 
left  Congress,  and  devoted  himself  to  the 
councils  of  his  native  State ;  in  1789  he 
was  elected  a  Senator  to  the  new  Congress ; 
and  in  1810  he  quitted  public  life,  and 
passed  the  remainder  of  his  days  in  tran 
quillity,  beloved  and  revered  by  his  friends 
and  neighbors,  and  honored  by  his  coun 
try.  He  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for 
locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac ;  was  ever  considered  a  model 
of  regularity  in  conduct  and  sedateness  iu 
j  udgment ;  and  died  in  Baltimore,  Novem- 
ber  14,  1832. 

Carroll,  Charles  H.— He  was  born 
in  Maryland;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1843  to 
1847 ;  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of  the 
State  in  1836;  and  a  State  Senator  in 
1837.  He  was  a  lawyer  by  education,  but, 
instead  of  practising,  devoted  his  whole 
time  to  managing  a  large  estate  in  the 
Genesee  country.  Died  in  Groveland,  Liv 
ingston  County,  New  York,  in  1865,  aged 
seventy-one  years. 

Carroll,  Daniel.— -He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1780  to  1784;  signed  the 
Articles  of  Confederation,  and  also  the 
Constitution ;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maryland,  from  1789  to  1791, 
and  was  that  year  appointed  Commission 
er  for  Surveying  the  District  of  Columbia. 
He  was  also  one  of  those  who  voted  for 
locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac. 

Carroll,  JTames. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  RepresentativAin 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

Carson,  Samuel  J?. — Born  at  Pleas 
ant  Garden,  Burke  County,  North  Caroli 
na.  He  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  Legislature,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
from  1825  to  1833.  He  killed  Doctor  Rob 
ert  B.  Vance  in  a  duel  in  1827 ;  and  at  the 
close  of  his  services  in  Congress  removed 
to  Arkansas,  where  he  died  in  November, 
1840. 

Carter,  John.  —  Born  on  Black 
River,  Su inter  District.  South  Carolina, 
September  10,  1792;  and  graduated  at 
South  Carolina  College,  Columbia.  He 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Car 
olina,  from  1822  to  1829,  when  he  declined 
a  re-election.  His  residence  was  Cam- 
den,  but  he  removed  to  Georgetown,  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia,  in  1836,  where  he 
remained  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
June  20,  1850. 

Carter,  Luther  C. — Born  in  Bethel, 
Oxford  County,  Maine,  February  25, 1805 ; 


72 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


received  an  academic  education ;  settled 
in  New  York  City,  and  devoted  himself  to 
mercantile  pursuits  with  success ;  was  a 
member  for  some  years  of  the  Board  of 
Education  in  that  city ;  and,  having  retired 
from  business,  he  settled  on  a  farm  on 
Long  Island ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Carter,  Timothy  J~. — He  was  edu 
cated  for  the  legal  profession ;  was  Secre 
tary  of  the  Maine  Senate  in  1833 ;  County 
Attorney  from  1833  to  1837;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Maine, 
from  1837  to  the  date  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  Washington,  March  14,  1838. 

Carter,  William  B.—  Born  in  Ten 
nessee  in  1812;  was  a  member  of  the 
House  and  Senate  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
President  of  the  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  ;  and  from  1835  to  1841  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  his  native  State. 
Ho  died  in  Carter  County,  Tennessee, 
April  17,  1848. 

Cartter,  David  K.—Kc  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1849  to  1853. 
In  1861  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  Minister  to  Bolivia,  and  subse 
quently  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  District  of  Columbia. 

Caruthers,  Robert  L. — Was  born 
in  Smith  County,  Tennessee,  July  31. 1800 ; 
obtained  the  rudiments  of  an  English  ed 
ucation  by  his  own  unaided  exertions ; 
fr?>m  1816  to  1818  he  was  clerk  in  a  store ; 
subsequently  improved  his  education  at 
Woodward- Academy  and  Greenville  Col 
lege  ;  studied  law  and  carne  to  the  bar  in 
1823;  served  one  year  as  Clerk  in  the 
Legislature  of  Tennessee.  Returning  to 
his  native  county,  was  appointed  Clerk 
of  the  Chancery  Court  there;  edited  a 
paper  for  one  year;  settled  in  Wilson 
County  in  1826,  and  was  soon  afterwards 
elected  State  Attorney,  holding  the  office 
live  years ;  in  1834  he  was  elected  a  Brig 
adier-General  of  Militia;  was  a  member 
of  the  Tennessee  Legislature  in  1835; 
Avas  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1845,  declin 
ing  to  run  for  Governor;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1841  to  1843,  declining  a  re-election  ; 
in  1852  was  called  to  a  seat  on  the  Su 
preme  Bench  of  Tennessee,  holding  the 
position  many  years ;  and  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Peace  Convention  of  1861. 

Caruthers,  Samtiel.—Rorn  in  Madi 
son  County,  Missouri,  October  13,  1820; 
was  educated  at  Clinton  College,  Tennes 
see  ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  Congress,  from  Missouri, 


from  1853  to  1859 ;  and  died  at  Cape  Girar- 
deau,  Missouri,  July  20,  1860. 

Cary,  George  B. — A  member  of  Con 
gress  from  the  Petersburg  District,  Vir 
ginia,  in  1842  and  1843.  He  died  in  South 
ampton  County,  Virginia,  March  5,  1850. 

Cary,  Samuel  F. — Born  in  Cincin 
nati  Ohio,  February  18,  1814;  spent  his 
early  life  on  a  farm ;  graduated  at  the 
Miami  University  in  1835,  and  at  the  Cin 
cinnati  Law  School  in  1837 ;  practised  law 
until  1845,  when  he  retired  to  a  farm ;  was 
a  warm  advocate  for  many  years  of  the 
cause  of  Temperance ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Ohio  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Education  and  Labor,  and  Weights  arid 
Measures.  He  was  the  only  member  of 
his  party  who  voted  against  the  Impeach 
ment  of  President  Andrew  Johnson. 

Cary,  Shepard.  —  He  was  a  mer 
chant  and  farmer;  was  a  member  of  the 
Maine  Legislature  in  1832,  1833,  from  1839 
to  1842,  in  1843,  and  from  1848  to  1854. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1844  to  1845,  and  served 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 
In  1836  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector. 
Died,  in  Maine,  in  August,  1866. 

Case,  Charles. — Born  at  Austinburg, 
Ashtabula  County,  Ohio,  December  21, 
1817 ;  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
from  Indiana.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions.  He  was 
also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Ter 
ritories. 

Case,  Walter. — He  was  born  in 
Duchess  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1821. 

Casey,  Joseph. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1849 
to  1851.  In  1863  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Lincoln,  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Claims. 

Casey,  Levi. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  'Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
from  1803  to  1807.  Died  February  1, 1807. 

Casey,  Samuel  L.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  and  was  subse 
quently  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln, 
a  Commissioner  to  look  after  certain  na 
tional  interests  in  the  South-western 
States. 

Casey,  Zadoc.  —  He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and,  on  removing  to  Illinois,  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


73 


a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1833  to  1843,  and  also  held  the 
office  of  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the  State, 
and  was  a  member  of  one  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Conventions.  Died  at  Ca 
sey  ville,  Illinois,  in  1862,  aged  sixty-six 
years. 

CasJeie,  John  S.—  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  his  native  State, 
from  1851  to  1855,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  the  Judiciary. 

Cass,  Lewis.— Born  in  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  October  9,  1782.  Having  re 
ceived  a  limited  education  at  his  native 
place,  at  the  early  age  of  seventeen  he 
crossed  the  Alleghany  Mountains  on  foot, 
to  seek  a  home  in  the  "  Great  West,"  then 
an  almost  unexplored  wilderness.  Settled 
at  Marietta,  Ohio ;  he  studied  law,  and 
was  successful.  Elected  at  twenty-five  to 
the  Legislature  of  Ohio,  he  originated  the 
bill  which  arrested  the  proceedings  of 
Aaron  Burr,  and,  as  stated  by  Mr.  Jeffer 
son,  was  the  first  blow  given  to  what  is 
known  as  Burr's  conspiracy.  In  1807  he 
was  appointed,  by  Mr.  Jefferson,  Marshal 
of  the  State,  and  held  the  office  till  the 
latter  part  of  1811;  when  he  volunteered  to 
repel  Indian  aggressions  on  the  frontier. 
He  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  Third  Regi 
ment  of  Ohio  Volunteers,  and  entered  the 
military  service  of  the  United  States  at 
the  commencement  of  the  war  of  1812. 
Having  by  a  difficult  march  reached  De 
troit,  he  urged  the  immediate  invasion  of 
Canada,  and  was  the  author  of  the  proc 
lamation  of  that  event.  He  was  the  first 
to  land  in  arms  on  the  enemy's  shore, 
and,  with  a  small  detachment  of  troops, 
fought  and  won  the  first  battle,  that  of  the 
Tarontoe.  At  the  subsequent  capitulation 
of  Detroit  he  was  absent,  on  important 
service,  and  regretted  that  his  command 
and  himself  had  been  included  in  that 
capitulation.  Liberated  on  parole,  he  re 
paired  to  the  seat  of  government  to  report 
the  causes  of  the  disaster  and  the  failure 
of  the  campaign.  He  was  immediately  ap 
pointed  a  Colonel  in  the  regular  army, 
and,  soon  after,  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Brigadier-General;  having,  in  the  mean 
time,  been  elected  Major-General  of  the 
Ohio  Volunteers.  On  being  exchanged 
and  released  from  parole,  he  again  re 
paired  to  the  frontier,  and  joined  the  army 
for  the  recovery  of  Michigan.  Being  at 
that  time  without  a  command,  he  served 
and  distinguished  himself,  as  a  volunteer 
aide-de-camp  to  General  Harrison,  at  the 
battle  of  the  Thames.  He  was  appointed, 
by  President  Madison,  in  October,  1813, 
Governor  of  Michigan.  His  position  com 
bined,  with  the  ordinary  duties  of  chief 
magistrate  of  a  civilized  community,  the 
immediate  management  and  control,  as 
superintendent,  of  the  relations  with  the 
numerous  and  powerful  Indian  tribes  in 


that  region  of  country.  He  conducted 
with  success  the  affairs  of  the  Territory 
under  embarrassing  circumstances.  Under 
his  sway  peace  was  preserved  between  the 
whites  and  the  treacherous  and  disaffected 
Indians,  law  and"  order  established,  and 
the  Territory  rapidly  advanced  in  popula 
tion,  resources,  and  prosperity.  He  held 
this  position  till  July,  1831,  when  he  was, 
by  President  Jackson,  maete  Secretary  of 
War.  In  the  latter  part  of  1836  President 
Jackson  appointed  him  Minister  to  France, 
where  he  remained  until  1842,  when  he 
requested  his  recall,  and  returned  to  this 
country.  In  January,  1845,  he  was  elected, 
by  the  Legislature  of  Michigan,  to  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States ;  which  place 
he  resigned  on  his  nomination,  in  May, 
1848,  as  a  candidate  for  the  Presidency  by 
the  political  party  to  which  he  belonged. 
After  the  election  of  his  opponent  (General 
Taylor)  to  that  office,  the  Legislature  of  his 
State,  in  1849,  re-elected  him  to  the  Senate 
for  the  unexpired  portion  of  his  original 
term  of  six  years.  When  Mr.  Buchanan 
became  President,  he  invited  General  Cass 
to  the  head  of  the  Department  of  State, 
which  position  he  resigned  in  December, 
1860.  He  devoted  some  attention  to  literary 
pursuits,  and  his  writings,  speeches,  and 
State  papers  would  make  several  volumes ; 
among  which  is  one  entitled  "  France,  its 
King,  Court,  and  Government,"  published 
in  1840.  He  died  in  Detroit,  June  17, 
1866. 

Cassedy,  George. — He  was  born  in 
Bergen  County,  New  Jersey,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1821  to  1827,  and  died  in 
Hackensack,  New  Jersey,  December  31, 
1842,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Casivell,  Richard. — Born  in  Mary 
land,  August  3,  1729 ;  emigrated  to  North 
Carolina  in  1746,  where,  for  some  years, 
he  was  employed  in  the  public  offices,  and 
afterwards  studied  and  practised  law  with 
success.  From  1754  to  1771  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Colonial  Assembly,  and 
for  the  last  two  years  was  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Delegates.  He  commanded  the 
right  wing  of  Tryon's  forces  at  the  battle 
of  Allamance,  in  1771.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  1774  to 
1776.  In  1775  he  was  President  of  the 
Provincial  Congress  which  framed  the 
Constitution  of  the  State,  and  he  was 
elected  first  Governor  of  North  Carolina 
under  it,  holding  that  office  till  1779.  In 
1780  he  led  the  North  Carolina  troops  in 
the  battle  of  Camclen.  In  1782  he  was 
Speaker  of  the  Senate,  and  Comptroller- 
General,  performing  the  duties  of  both 
offices  till  1784,  when  he  was  again  elected 
Governor,  and  held  that  position  till  he 
became  ineligible  by  the  laws  of  the  State. 
In  1787  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conven 
tion  for  framing  the  Federal  Constitution. 
In  1789  was  elected  State  Senator,  and 


74 


BIOGKAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


was  a  member  of  the  Convention  which 
ratified  the  Constitution.  He  was  also 
Speaker  of  the  Senate,  and,  whilst  pre 
siding  over  that  body,  November  5,  1789, 
he  was  struck  with  paralysis,  which 
proved  fatal  in  ten  days. 

CatJtcart,  Charles  IF.— He  was 
born  in  the  Island  of  Madeira  in  1809; 
went  to  sea^in  early  life  and  studied 
mechanics ;  removed  to  Indiana  in  1831 ; 
was  for  several  years  a  United  States 
Surveyor;  served  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1845 ; 
was  elected  a  representative  in  Congress, 
from  Indiana,  from  1845  to  1849,  and  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1852  to  1853, 
by  appointment.  Of  late  years  he  has 
been  devoted  to  farming. 

Catlin,  George  S.—  Born  in  liar- 
wington,  Litchfleld  County,  Connecticut, 
in  1809;  received  a  common-school  and 
academic  education;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830 ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  1843 
to  1845.  He  was  also  a  number  of  years 
in  the  State  Legislature,  State  Attorney, 
and  Judge  of  the  Windham  County  Court. 
He  died  in  December,  1851. 

Cnttell,   Alexander    G. — He    was 

born  in  Salem,  New  Jersey,  February  12, 
1816;  was  educated  at  the  village  school; 
spent  a  part  of  his'  youth  as  a  Clerk  in  his 
father's  store ;  was  elected  in  1840  to  the 
State  Legislature;  from  1842  to  1844  he 
was  Clerk  of  the  General  Assembly ;  and 
in  the  latter  year  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention.  In  1846 
he  settled  in  Philadelphia  as  a  merchant; 
became  a  Director  in  the  Mechanics  Bank ; 
and  was  elected  to  the  city  Councils  from 
1850  to  1854.  In  1855  he  returned  to  New 
Jersey,  but  continued  his  business  in  Phil 
adelphia  ;  was  one  of  the  early  Presidents 
of  the  Corn  Exchange  association  of  that 
city;  in  1858  he  organized  the  Corn  Ex 
change  Bank  and  was  president  of  the 
same ;  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress  from  New  Jersey,  for  the 
term  ending  in  1871,  in  the  place  of  J.  P. 
Stockton,  unseated  by  the  Senate,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Finance,  and  Agri 
culture,  and  Public  Lands.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866. 

Causin,  John  M.  £.— He  was  born 
in  Maryland ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession ; 
served  several  terms  in  the  Legislature ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
his  native  State,  from  1843  to  1845 ;  and 
in  1849  a  Presidential  Elector.  Died  at 
Cairo,  Illinois,  January  30,  1861. 

CavanaugJi,  James  M. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  from  Minnesota.  He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  and,  after  leaving  Congress, 


settled  in  the  Territory  of  Colorado,  and, 
subsequently  removing  to  Montana,  he 
was  elected  a  Delegate  from  that  Territory 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Chaffee,  Calvin  C.—  Born  in  Sara 
toga,  New  York,  August  28, 1811.  lie  early 
devoted  himself  to  the  study  of  medicine ; 
graduated  at  Micldlebury  College,  Ver 
mont;  and  on  becoming  a  citizen  of  Mas 
sachusetts,  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Invalid  Pensions.  In  1859  he  was  ap 
pointed  Librarian  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  which  office  he  held  until  1861, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  the  compiler 
of  this  volume. 

Chalmers,  Joseph  IF.— He  was  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi, 
from  1845  to  1847. 

Chamberlain,  Ebenezer  M.—Ro 
was  born  in  Maine,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1853 
to  1855. 

Chamberlain,  Jacob  JR.— He  was 
born  in  Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Agriculture. 

Chamberlain,  John  C.—Ile  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  University  in  1793 ;  prac 
tised  law  at  Alstead,  New  Hampshire ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1809  to  1811.  He  died  at 
Utica,  New  York,  December  8,  1834,  aged 
sixty-two  years. 

Chamberlain,  William.— He  was  a 

Presidential  Elector  in  1801,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1803  to  1805,  and  again  from  1809  to 
1811.  He  was  a  State  Councillor  from  1796 
to  1803;  served  five  years  in  the  State 
Legislature ;  was  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
Vermont  from  1813  to  1815;  and  Chief 
Justice  of  a  State  Court  from  1801  to  1803, 
and  in  1814. 

Chambers,  David. — He  was  born  in 
Allentown,  Northampton  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1780.  He  was  educated  by 
his  father,  who  was  a  school-teacher;  and 
in  1794  was  employed  as  a  confidential 
express  to  carry  despatches  from  General 
Henry  Lee  to  President  Washington  dur 
ing  the  Whiskey  Insurrection ;  in  1796  he 
was  placed  in  the  office  of  the  "Aurora" 
newspaper  to  learn  the  printer's  trade; 
and,  after  spending  the  sixteen  subsequent 
years  on  a  farm  in  Virginia,  he  removed  to 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  where  he  conducted  a 
newspaper,  and  was  elected  State  printer. 
When  the  seat  of  government  was  re 
moved  to  Columbus,  he  was  appointed 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


75 


Secretary  of  the  Senate ;  during  the  years 
1812  and  1813  he  was  Aide-de-camp  to  Gen 
eral  Cass ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1821  to  1823. 
He  subsequently  served  a  number  of  years 
in  the  State  Legislature  of  Ohio;  was 
Speaker  in  1844,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1851 ;  having 
also  been  elected  Mayor  of  Zanesville,  Re 
corder,  and  Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas.  Of  late  years  he  has  been  wholly 
devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits.  Died  at 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  August  8,  18G4. 

Chambers,   EzeMel   F.  —  Born  in 

Kent  County,  Maryland,  February  28, 1788 ; 
graduated  at  Washington  College  when 
seventeen  years  of  age ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1808 ;  he  per 
formed  some  military  service  in  1812,  and 
subsequently  attained  the  rank  of  Briga 
dier-General;  in  1822  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  against  his  will;  he  took  an 
active  part,  in  1825,  in  arranging  a  system 
of  legislation  for  the  recovery  of  slaves; 
he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1S26  to  1834;  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  the  District  of 
Columbia ;  in  1834  he  was  appointed  Chief 
Judge  of  the  Second  Judicial  District,  and 
a  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  which 
offices  he  held  until  1851,  when  the  Judi 
ciary  became  elective;  having  been  in  1850 
an  active  member  of  the  Convention  which 
changed  the  State  Constitution.  He  was 
offered,  in  1852,  by  President  Fillmore,  the 
post  of  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  in  the  place 
of  Secretary  Graham,  who  resigned,  but 
his  health  compelled  him  to  decline  the 
honor.  In  1833  Yale  College  conferred 
upon  him  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws, 
and  in  1852  he  received  the  same  honor 
from  the  Delaware  College.  He  died  in 
Chestertown,  Maryland,  January  30,  1867. 

Chambers,  George.— Born  in  Cham- 
bersburg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1786;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1804 ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807, 
and  practised  extensively  in  the  Franklin 
County  Courts.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1833 
to  1837,  and  was  then  elected  a  Delegate 
to  the  Pennsylvania  Constitutional  Con 
vention.  In  1851  he  was  appointed  by  the 
Governor,  with  the  unanimous  consent  of 
the  Senate,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  State,  which  office  he  held  until  the 
expiration  of  its  tenure  under  the  Consti 
tution.  Since  that  time  he  has  lived  in 
retirement,  discharging  many  trusts  and 
offices  in  promotion  of  religion  and  educa 
tion,  in  the  town  of  his  birth,  which  bears 
his  father's  name.  Died  in  March,  1866. 

Chambers,  Henry.—  He  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  1825  to  1826,  from 
Alabama,  and  died  January  25,  1826. 

Chambers,  John.— Born  in  New  Jer 


sey  in  1779 ;  emigrated  to  Kentucky  when 
thirteen  years  of  age ;  studied  law,  and 
practised  the  profession  with  success ;  was 
an  Aide-de-camp  to  General  Harrison  at 
the  battle  of  the  Thames ;  was  appointed 
Governor  of  the  Territory  of  Iowa  by  Pres 
ident  Harrison,  manifesting  great  ability 
and  prudence  in  his  intercourse  with  the 
Indians ;  and  by  President  Taylor  he  was 
appointed  a  Commissioner  to  make  a  trea 
ty  with  the  Sioux  Indians.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1827 
to  1829,  and  again  from  1835  to  1839.  He 
died  near  Paris,  Kentucky,  September  21, 
1852. 

Champion,    Epaphroditus. — He 

was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Connecticut,  from  1807  to  1817;  a  man 
greatly  respected  for  his  public  and  private 
character ;  and  died  at  East  Haddam,  Con 
necticut,  November  22, 1835,  aged  seventy- 
eight  years. 

Champlin,    Christopher  G.  —  llQ 

was  a  native  of  Newport,  Rhode  Island; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1786; 
was  a  member  of  Congress,  from  Rhode 
Island,  from  1797  to  1801,  and  a  Senator  of 
the  United  States  from  1809  to  1811.  At 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred 
March  18,  1840,  in  the  seventy-fourth  year 
of  his  age,  he  was  President  of  the  Rhode 
Island  Bank. 

Chandler,  John. — Was  a  native  of 
Maine  when  a  part  of  Massachusetts,  rep 
resenting  it  in  the  State  Senate,  from  1803 
to  1805,  and  in  Congress  from  1805  to  1808, 
and  for  three  years  was  Sheriff  of  Kenue- 
beck  County.  In  1812  he  was  appointed 
Brigadier-General,  and  took  an  active  part 
in  the  Canadian  campaign,  having  his  horse 
shot  under  him  at  the  battle  of  Stony 
Creek,  where  he  was  wounded  and  taken 
prisoner.  He  was  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1820,  being  one  of  the 
first  two  Senators  from  Maine  after  its 
separation  from  Massachusetts,  serving 
two  terms,  until  1829.  In  1829  he  was  ap 
pointed  Collector  of  the  port  of  Portland, 
serving  until  1837 ;  and  he  died  at  Augusta, 
September,  1841. 

Chandler,  Joseph  JR. — He  was  born 
in  Kingston,  Plymouth  County,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1792  ;  was  liberally  educated,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  edited  for 
many  years  a  newspaper  in  Philadelphia, 
entitled  the  "  United  States  Gazette ; "  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1849  to  1855 ;  and  in  1858 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Buchanan, 
Minister  to  Naples.  After  his  return  he 
became  editor  of  the  Philadelphia  "North 
American."  In  1821  he  published  a  "  Gram 
mar  of  the  English  Language,"  and  subse 
quently  a  large  number  of  Essays  and  Ad 
dresses  on  subjects  connected  with  Social 
Life  and  Literature. 


76 


B10GEAPHICAL    KECORDS. 


Chandler,  Thomas. — He  was  born 
in  Bedford,  New  Hampshire,  August  10, 
1772;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  a  farmer  by  occupation ;  and  had 
a  fondness  for  sacred  music,  which  he 
taught  to  a  limited  extent  among  his  neigh 
bors.  He  was  a  Justice  of  the  Quorum  in 
1808;  a  Captain  of  Militia  in  1815;  was  a 
member  of  the  New  Hampshire  Legisla 
ture  in  1827 ;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  his  native  State,  from  1829  to 
1833.  Died  in  Bedford,  January  28,  1866. 
His  brother,  John  Chandler,  was  also  in 
Congress,  and  he  was  the  uncle  of  the  Sen 
ator,  Zachariah  Chandler. 

Chandler,  ZachariaJi.  —  Born  in 
Bedford,  New  Hampshire,  December  10, 
1813;  received  an  academical  education: 
was  bred  a  merchant ;  was  Mayor  of  De 
troit,  Michigan,  in  1851;  defeated  candi 
date  for  Governor  of  Michigan  in  1852; 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Michigan, 
having  succeeded  Senator  Cass  in  that  ca 
pacity,  and  taking  his  seat  in  the  Thirty- 
flfth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  the  District  of  Columbia, 
and  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Com 
merce.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Senate 
in  1863,  for  the  term  ending  in  1869,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Revolutionary 
Claims  and  on  Mines  and  Mining,  and 
again  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Commerce.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Na 
tional  Committee  appointed  to  accompany 
the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illi 
nois  ;  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Chanei/,  John. — He  was  born  in  Ma 
ryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1833  to  1839. 

Chanler,  John  WintJirop.—Bomiu 

the  City  of  New  York  in  1826 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1859  and 
1860,  and  declined  a  re-nomination ;  and  in 
1862  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Patents.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  the  Bankrupt 
Law,  on  Patents,  and  Southern  Railroads. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and 
was  placed  on  the  Committees  on  Elec 
tions,  Southern  Railroads,  and  Patents. 

Chapin,  Graham  H.— He  was  born 
in  Connecticut ;  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1817 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1835  to  1837, 
and  died  in  1843. 

Chapman,  Augustus  A.—  He  was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1843  to  1847. 

Chapman,  Bird  B. — He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and,  on  removing  to  Nebras 


ka,  was  elected  a  Delegate,  from  that  Ter 
ritory,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

CJiapman,  Charles. — Born  at  New- 
town,  Fairfield  County,  Connecticut,  June 
21,  1799 ;  received  a  classical  education ; 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession;  was  three 
times  a  member  of  the  House  of  Represent 
atives  of  the  State;  he  was  United  States 
Attorney  during  the  Administration  of 
President  Tyler,  and  a  Representative  in 
the  Thirty-second  Congress,  from  Connect 
icut. 

Chapman,  Henry.—  Born  in  Bucks 
County,  Pennsylvania,  about  the  year  1805 ; 
received  a  good  education,  and  read  law 
under  the  competent  direction  of  his 
father ;  admitted  to  the  bar  about  1826 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  three 
years,  from  January,  1843 ;  President  Judge 
of  the  Fifteenth  Judicial  District  of  Penn 
sylvania  for  some  years  after  leaving  the 
Senate ;  was  a  Representative  in  the  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania;  and 
elected  President  Judge  of  the  Seventh 
Judicial  District  of  Pennsylvania  in  1861. 

CJiapman,  John.— ile  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1797  to  1799. 

Chapman,  John  G.—  He  was  born 
in  Charles  County,  Maryland,  July  5,  1798, 
and  died  December  10,  1856.  He  laid  the 
foundation  of  his  education  at  Yale  Col 
lege,  which  he  left  during  his  senior  term, 
on  account  of  his  health,  and  afterwards 
refused  a  diploma  which  was  tendered  to 
him  by  the  faculty.  He  studied  law  with 
William  Wart,  and,  after  practicing  for 
some  time,  turned  his  attention  to  politics, 
and  between  the  years  1824  and  1844  he 
was  almost  constantly  in  the  Legislature 
of  Maryland.  In  1845  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  and  again  re- 
elected  in  1847,  serving  on  important 
Committees,  and  doing  much  good  for  his 
constituents  and  the  public  at  large.  He 
was  chosen  President  of  the  Convention 
which  framed  the  present  Constitution  of 
Maryland ;  and  his  last  public  act  was  to 
preside  as  Chairman  of  the  National  Whig 
Convention,  which  met  in  Baltimore,  in 
1856,  to  nominate  Millard  Fillmore  for  the 
Presidency.  He  was  an  eloquent  speaker, 
filled  all  his  public  trusts  with  fidelity,  and 
died  lamented  by  a  large  number  of  warm 
personal  friends. 

Chapman,  Reuben.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Alabama,  from  1835  to 
1848 ;  also  Governor  of  that  State  from 
1847  to  1849. 

Chapman,  WilliamW. — He  was  a 

Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Iowa,  from  1839  to  1841. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


77 


Chappell,  Absalom  H.  —  He  was 

born  in  Georgia,  and  was      Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Twenty-eighth 

Congress. 

Chappell,  John  J~. — Born  in  Fair- 
field  District,  South  Carolina,  January  19, 
1782 ;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1804 ;  was  a  Solicitor  of  Equity, 
Colonel  of  Militia,  a  Trustee  of  the  State 
College  in  1809,  and  a  Bank  Director;  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1813  to  1817. 

Charlton,  Robert  M.— He  was  born 
in  Savannah,  Georgia,  January  19,  1807; 
was  liberally  educated;  studied  law  and 
came  to  the  bar  before  attaining  his  ma 
jority;  served  in  the  State  Legislature; 
became  United  States  District  Attorney ; 
and  in  his  twenty-seventh  year  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Eastern  Georgia.  He  was  a  poet,  and 
published  a  volume  of  poems  in  1839 ;  and 
also  published  a  prose  work  entitled 
"Leaves  from  the  Portfolio  of  a  Georgia 
Lawyer,"  as  well  as  a  variety  of  Historical 
and  other  Lectures  and  Literary  Address 
es.  His  service  in  Congress  was  as  a 
Senator  from  Georgia,  by  appointment, 
during  a  part  of  the  years  1852  and  1853. 
He  died  at  Savannah,  January  8,  1854. 

Chase,  Dudley. — Was  born  in  Cor 
nish,  Sullivan  County,  New  Hampshire. 
December  30,  1771.  H,e  received  an 
academic  education,  and  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1791.  Having  been 
admitted  to  the  bar,  he  commenced  prac 
tice  in  Vermont,  and,  from  1803  to  1811,  he 
was  State's  Attorney  for  Orange  County. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Conventions  of  1814  and  1822.  He  was  a 
Representative,  from  Randolph,  to  the 
Legislature  of  Vermont,  in  1805,  and  the 
seven  succeeding  years,  during  five  of 
which  he  was  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  and  was  again  elected 
Representative,  from  the  same  town,  in 

1823  and  1824.    He  was  elected  United 
States  Senator  from  Vermont,  from  1813 
to  1819,  but  ha  resigned  his  seat  in  1817. 
He  was  chosen  Chief  Justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Vermont  in  1817,  holding 
the  same   office,   by  annual  re-elections, 
until  1821.    He  then  returned  to  his  pro 
fession  of  the  law  for  a  few  years,  and  in 

1824  he  was  again  chosen  United  States 
Senator,  from  1825  to  1831,  inclusive,  when 
he  retired  wholly  from  public  life,  and  de 
voted  his  attention  to  farming  and  garden 
ing,  of  which  he  was  excessively  fond. 
He  was  a  brother  of  the  late  Philander 
Chase,   Bishop  of  Illinois ;    and  died  at 
Randolph,  Vermont,  February  23, 1846. 

Chase,  George  W.—  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 


Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Chase,  tTeremiaJi    T.  —  He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1783  to  1784. 

Chase,  Lucien  B. — He  was  born  in 
Vermont,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1845  to 
1847,  and  for  a  second  term,  ending  in 
1849.  He  was  the  author  of  a  work  enti 
tled  "  History  of  President  Polk's  Admin 
istration."  Died  in  December,  18G4,  aged 
forty- seven  years. 

Chase,  Salmon  P.—  He  was  born  in 
Cornish,  New  Hampshire,  January  13, 
1808.  His  education  began  at  home,  and 
was  continued  at  the  schools  and  acade 
mies  of  New  Hampshire  and  Central  Ohio, 
and  completed  at  the  Cincinnati  College, 
and  at  Dartmouth,  in  New  Hampshire, 
graduating  in  1826.  He  studied  law,  iu 
Washington  City,  with  William  Wirt,  and 
practised  his  profession  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  for  many  years.  His  first  public  po 
sition  was  that  of  School  Examiner,  in 
Cincinnati,  in  1839 ;  in  1840  he  was  a  City 
Councilman;  in  1845  he  projected  what 
was  called  a  Liberty  Convention;  was  a 
member  of  the  Free-soil  Convention  held 
at  Buffalo  in  1848 ;  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1849  to  1855; 
and  elected  Governor  of  Ohio,  in  1855,  and 
re-elected  in  1857.  In  1860  he  was  again 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress ;  but  on  the 
day  after  he  took  his  seat  he  was  appoint 
ed  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in  President 
Lincoln's  Cabinet,  but  resigned  in  Septem 
ber,  1864.  It  was  while  the  country  was 
passing  through  the  trials  of  the  Rebel  liou 
that  the  National  Finances  were  success 
fully  carried  through  under  his  adminis 
tration.  He  was  a  member,  also,  of  the 
Peace  Congress  of  1861.  On  the  6th  of 
December,  1864,  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  Chief  Justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  the  United  States,  to  suc 
ceed  R.  B.  Taney.  By  virtue  of  his  posi 
tion  as  Chief  Justice  he  presided  over  the 
Senate  while  acting  as  a  Court  of  Im 
peachment,  during  the  trial  of  President 
Andrew  Johnson,  in  1868. 

Chase,  Samuel. — Born  in  Somerset 
County,  Maryland,  April  17,  1741 ;  re 
ceived  a  good  education,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  his  twenty-second  year,  settling 
at  Annapolis ;  lie  wns  one  of  the  "  Sons 
of  Liberty ; "  was  sent  by  Maryland  as  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
where  he  served  from  1774  to  1778,  and  in 
1784  and  1785 ;  was  a  signer  of  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence;  and  he  it  was 
who  proclaimed  on  the  floor  of  Congress 
that  they  had  a  Judas  among  them,  in  the 
person  of  J.  J.  Zubly,  of  Georgia,  and  also 
made  a  severe  demonstration  against  the 


78 


BIOGBAPHICAL   RECOBDS. 


Society  of  Friends  for  alleged  disloyalty. 
In  1786  he  settled  in  Baltimore,  and  in 
1788  was  appointed  Chief  Justice  of  the 
Criminal  Court,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  that  ratified  the  Federal  Con 
stitution.  In  1796  he  was  appointed  by 
Washington  an  associate  on  the  Supreme 
Bench ;  in  1804,  at  the  instigation  of  John 
Eandolph,  lie  was  impeached,  and  having 
been  arraigned  in  1803,  after  a  long  trial, 
his  alleged  improper  conduct  on  the  bench 
was  approved.  Died  June  19,  1811.  He 
was  a  man  of  high  character  and  rare 
benevolence,  and  it  was  to  him  that  Wil 
liam  Pinkney  was  indebted  for  his  educa 
tion  and  subsequent  success  in  life. 

Chase,  Samuel.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1827  to 
1829. 

CJiastain,  Edward  W,  —  He  was 

born  in  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 

1851  to  1855. 

Chavez,   J~.  Francisco, — He  was 

born  in  Padillas,  Bernalillo  County,  New 
Mexico,  June  27,  1833 ;  received  a  liberal 
education  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri;  studied 
medicine  at  the  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  in  New  York;  and  was  devoted 
for  several  years  to  mercantile  pursuits, 
and  to  the  raising  of  cattle  for  the  Califor 
nia  market.  In  1861  he  entered  the  mili 
tary  service  of  the  United  States,  and  was 
appointed  Major  of  the  First  Regiment  of 
Infantry  raised  in  New  Mexico,  and,  after 
participating  in  several  battles  and  seeing 
much  active  service  on  the  frontier,  he 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant- 
Colonel,  and  was  mustered  out  at  his  own 
request  in  1804 ;  and  in  1805  he  was  elected 
a  Delegate  from  New  Mexico  to  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress. 

Cheatham,  Richard.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1837  to  1839.  Died  in  Sep 
tember,  1845. 

Chestnut,  Jr.  James. — Born  near 
Camden,  South  Carolina,  in  1815 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College;  from  1842  to 

1852  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  from  1854  to  1858  he  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate ;  he  was  appointed  to 
a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate,  taking 
the  same  during  the  second  session  of  the 
Thirty-fifth    Congress,    and    was    subse 
quently  elected  to  that  position,  but  was 
expelled  July  11,  1861.    He  became  iden 
tified  with  t'.ie  Rebellion  of  1861,  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  so-called  Confederate  Congress. 

CJietivood,  William.  —  Born  in 
New  Jersey  in  1769 ;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1792,  and  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1798.  During  the  Whiskey  Insur 


rection  he  attended  Major-General  Lee  as 
Aide-de-camp ;  at  one  time  served  in  the 
State  Council  of  New  Jersey,  and  was 
elected  to  Congress,  from  that  State,  to 
fill  a  vacancy  during  the  administration 
of  President  Jackson.  He  was  an  able 
lawyer,  practised  his  profession  until  his 
seventieth  year,  and  died  December  18, 
1857. 

Cheyes,  Langdon. — He  was  born  in 
Abbeville  District,  South  Carolina,  Sep 
tember  17.  1776 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1801 ;  elected  to  the  State  Legislature 
in  1808 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1809 ;  and  afterwards  Attorney-General 
of  the  State.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina,  from 
1811  to  1816,  and  was  Speaker  during  the 
second  session  of  the  Thirteenth  Con 
gress.  He  was  also  a  Commissioner  of 
Claims  under  the  Treaty  of  Ghent;  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  from 
1816  to  1819,  and  for  a  time  President  of 
the  United  States  Bank.  Resigning  this 
trust,  he  returned  to  Carolina,  and  with 
drew  from  public  life.  He  died  June  26, 
1857. 

Chilcott,  G.  M.—  Born  in  Huntingdon 
County,  Pennsylvania,  January  2,  1828 ; 
in  1844  removed  with  his  father  to  Iowa; 
studied  medicine,  but  did  not  practise  the 
profession.  In  1852  he  was  chosen  Sher 
iff  of  Jefferson  County;  emigrated  to  Ne 
braska  Territory  in  1856;  during  the 
latter  part  of  that  year  he  was  elected  to 
the  Territorial  Legislature;  in  1859  he 
settled  in  Colorado,  and  in  18(51  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that  Terri 
tory  ;  in  1862  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
of  the  same ;  in  1863  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  a  Register  of  the  Land 
Office,  serving  four  years ;  in  1865  he  was 
elected  to  Congress  as  a  Representative 
under  the  State  organization,  but  not  ad 
mitted  ;  and  in  1806  he  was  elected  a  Del 
egate  from  Colorado  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress.  In  1866  he  was  admitted  to 
practice  before  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States. 

CJiilds,    Jr.     Thomas.  —  He   was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  during  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress. 

Childs,  Timothy.—  He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  New  York  in  1828  and  1833 ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1829  to  1831,  from 
1835  to  1839,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843. 
Died  at  Santa  Cruz,  in  November,  1847. 

Chilton,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia  in  1804,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1843  to  1845.  After  receiving  a  good  edu 
cation,  he  studied  and  adopted  the  profes- 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


79 


sion  of  law ;  filled  various  offices  of  trust 
and  honor,  and  after  retiring  from  Con 
gress  was  a  member  of  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention.  Died  at  his  residence 
in  Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  January  14, 
1867. 

Chilton,  TJiomas.—B.e  was  a  na 
tive  of  Kentucky,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to 
1831,  and  for  a  second  term  from  1833  to 
1835. 

Chinn,  Joseph  W.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1831  to  1835,  and  died  at  Richmond, 
December  5,  1840. 

Chinn,  Thomas  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and,  removing  to  Louisiana, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841. 

Chipman,  Daniel. — Born  in  1765, 
in  Salisbury,  Connecticut;  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  in  1788 ;  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession,  and  practised  at  Ripton,  Vermont. 
He  was  for  many  years  in  the  Legislature, 
and  was  frequently  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  of  his  State,  and  a 
member  of  the  last  State  Constitutional 
Convention ;  he  was  the  first  reporter  of 
the  decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and 
author  of  an  able  work  on  "Law  Contracts 
for  the  Sale  of  Specific  Articles,"  which  is 
highly  esteemed  by  the  profession.  He 
was  a  member  of  Congress  from  1814  to 
1817,  and  died  in  Ripton,  April  23,  1850. 

Chipman,  John  8.— He  was  born 
in  Vermont,  graduated  at  Middlebury  Col 
lege  in  1823,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Michigan,  from  1845  to 
1847. 

Chipman,  Nathaniel.  —  Born  in 
Salisbury,  Connecticut,  November  15, 
1752 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1777 ; 
and  settled  as  a  lawyer  in  Tinmouth,  Ver 
mont;  and  was  Professor  ol  Law  for 
twenty-eight  years  in  Middlebury  College. 
In  1786  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court;  in  1789  he  was  chosen  Chief 
Justice ;  and  in  1791  was  appointed  Judge 
of  the  United  States  District  Couit.  He 
was  subsequently  again  elected  Chief  Jus 
tice,  and  from  1797  to  1803  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  United  States  Senate,  from 
Vermont.  In  1793  he  published  "  Sketches 
of  the  Principles  of  Government,"  and 
"  Reports  and  Dissertations."  He  died 
at  Tinmouth,  February  15,  1843. 

Chittenden,  Martin. — He  was  born 
in  1769,  in  Salisbury,  Connecticut.  He 
was  a  member  of  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  from  1803  to  1813,  and  Governor  of 
Vermont  in  1813  and  1814.  He  was  a 
graduate  of  Dartmouth  College  in  1789, 
and  died  1840. 


Chittenden,  T.  C.— He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and  having  removed  to 
New  York,  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress. 

Choate,  Mufiis.  —  Was  born  at  Ip 
swich,  Massachusetts,  October!,  1799.  He 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1819, 
and  was  afterwards  chosen  a  tutor  in  that 
institution,  but  having  selected  the  law  for 
his  profession,  he  entered  the  Law  School 
at  Cambridge,  and  after  spending  a  few 
months  there  went  to  Washington  and 
studied  with  William  Wirt.  He  complet 
ed  his  legal  studies  at  an  office  in  Salem, 
and  commenced  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  in  the  town  of  Danvers  in  1824. 
In  1825  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Massachusetts  Legislature,  and  iu 
1827  he  was  in  the  Senate  of  the  same 
State.  He  took  a  prominent  part  in  the 
debates,  and  won  much  reputation  by  his 
energy  and  sagacity.  In  1832  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  Congress  from  the 
Essex  District,  but  declined  a  re-election 
in  1834,  and  removed  to  Boston,  to  devote 
himself  to  his  profession.  Here  he  took 
an  eminent  position  at  the  bar,  and  soon 
came  into  an  extensive  practice.  In  1841, 
on  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Webster  from 
the  Senate,  Mr.  Choate  was  elected  to  fill 
the  vacancy,  and  at  the  close  of  his  term 
he  gave  himself  up  wholly  to  his  profes 
sion.  He  was  a  Regent  of  the  Smithso 
nian  Institution,  but  resigned  the  position. 
He  was  greatly  distinguished  for  his  elo 
quence,  but  his  style  of  speaking  was 
peculiar ;  his  judgment  in  the  management 
of  cases  was  considered,  consummate. 
His  published  orations  and  arguments 
are  quite  numerous,  and  all  of  a  high  or 
der.  From  Yale  College  he  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  He  died  at  Halifax, 
Nova  Scotia,  while  on  his  way  to  Europe 
for  his  health,  July  12,  1859.  His  life  and 
writings  were  published  by  Dr.  S.  G. 
Brown,  and  another  life  by  E.  G.  Parker. 

Chrisman,     James  S.  —  He   was 

born  in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  that  State  from  1853 
to  1855. 

Christie,  Gabriel.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1793  to  1797,  and  from  1799  to  1801. 

Christie  Henry.— Re  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1809  to  1811. 

Churchill,  John  Charles.— Re  was 

born  in  Mooers,  Clinton  County,  New 
York,  January  17, 1821 ;  graduated  at  Mid 
dlebury  College,  Vermont,  in  1843 ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law;  from  1857  to 
1859  he  was  the  District  Attorney  for  Os- 
wego  county ;  was  County  Judge  of  the 
same  county  from  1860  to  1863,  and  in 


80 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOBDS. 


1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
New  York  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  the  Judiciary. 

Churchwell,     William    M.  —  He 

was  bora  in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1852  to  1855. 

Cilley,  Bradbury.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1813  to  1817. 

Cilley,  Jonathan. — He  was  born  in 
Nottingham,  New  Hampshire,  July  2, 
1802;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College  in 
1825 ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829 ;  was  at  one 
time  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  of  Maine,  of  which  he  was  a  mem 
ber  from  1832  to  1837 ;  a  Presidential  Elec 
tor  in  1832 ;  and  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1837  to  the  time  of  his 
death.  He  was  killed,  at  the  third  fire,  at 
a  duel  fought  with  William  J.  Graves,  at 
'Bladensburg,  Maryland,  February  24,  1838, 
with  rifles,  at  eighty  yards'  distance. 

Cilley,  Joseph.— He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1846  to 
1847. 

Claggett,  Clifton.— KQ  was  born  in 
Ilockingham  County,  New  Hampshire; 
was  Judge  of  Probate  of  Hillsborough 
County  from  1823  to  1827 ;  Judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  one  or  two  years ;  was  a 
Representative  iu  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1803  to  1805,  and  again  from 
1817  to  1821 ;  and  died  in  1829,  aged  fifty- 
six  years. 

Claiborne,  John.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1805  to  1808.  Died  during  the  latter 
year. 

Claiborne,    John  F.   IT.—  Was   a 

native  of  Natchez,  Mississippi;  educated 
and  licensed  as  a  lawyer  in  Virginia;  was 
a  Representative  in  the  Legislature  of 
Mississippi  during  three  sessions,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Missis 
sippi,  from  1835  to  1838 ;  afterwards  con 
ducted  the  Natchez  "  Free  Trader,"  and 
also  the  "Louisiana  Courier,"  leading 
journals  of  the  South,  and  was  editor  of 
an  agricultural  journal  published  in  New 
Orleans.  He  held  the  office  of  United 
States  Timber  Agent  for  the  Districts  of 
Louisiana  and  Mississippi,  to  which  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce.  He 
wrote  an  historical  work  relating  to  the 
South-west. 

Claiborne,  Nathaniel  JET.— He  was 
born  in  Sussex  County,  Virginia;  served 
many  years  in  the  Legislature  of  that 
State ;  was  also  a  member  of  t?ie  Execu 


tive  Council;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1825  to 
1837.  Died  in  Franklin  County,  Virginia, 
August  15,  1859,  aged  eighty-three  years. 

Claiborne,  Thomas.  —  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1793  to  1799,  and  again  from 
1801  to  1805. 

Claiborne,  Thoma.s.—Ke  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

Claiborne,    William    C.    C.  —  He 

studied  law,  and  settled  in  Tennessee,  of 
which  State  he  assisted  in  forming  the 
Constitution,  and  afterwards  represented 
it  in  Congress  from  1797  to  1801.  In  1801 
he  was  appointed  Governor  of  the  Missis 
sippi  Territory,  and  in  1804  of  Louisiana, 
and  to  that  office  he  was  also  chosen  by 
the  people,  after  the  adoption  of  its  Con 
stitution,  from  1812  to  1816;  He  was  then 
elected  a  Senator  of  the  United  States, 
but  died  before  he  took  his  seat,  at  New 
Orleans,  November  23,  1817. 

Clapp,  Asa  W.  IT.— He  was  born 
in  Maine,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849. 

Clark,  Abraham.— Born  nearEliza- 
bethtown,  New  Jersey,  February  15,  1726. 
He  was  a  self-made  man,  and  because  of 
his  habit  of  giving  legal  advice  gratuitous 
ly,  he  was  called  the  "Poor  Man's  Coun 
sellor."  He  was  Sheriff  and  Clerk  of  the 
Colonial  Assembly,  one  of  the  Delegates 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  and  a  signer 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  and, 
after  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1791  to  1794,  when  he  re 
signed.  He  died  September  15,  1794,  of 
stroke  of  the  sun. 

Clark,  Ainbrose  W. — He  was  born 
near  Cooperstowu,  Otsego  County,  New 
York,  February  19,  1810;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  was  employed  in  a 
printing-office  at  Cooperstown  until  he 
became  of  age ;  published  for  five  years 
the  "  Otsego  Republican ;  "  established  and 
published  for  eight  years,  in  Lewis  Coun 
ty,  the  "Northern  Journal;"  and  also 
published  for  sixteen  years  the  "  Northern 
New  York  Journal,"  in  Watertown,  Jefler- 
son  County.  In  1859  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Printing.  He  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  in  1862,  and 
was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Print 
ing  and  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Accounts.  In  18G5  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  Consul  at  Valparaiso. 

Clark,  Christopher.— -He  was  a  Rep- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


81 


resentative  in  Congress,   from  Virginia, 
from  1804  to  1806. 

ClarJc,  Daniel. — He  was  born  iu  Strat- 
ham,  Rockingham  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  October  24,  1809;  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1834;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1837 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  Hampshire  Legislature  in 
the  years  1842,  1843,  1846,  1854,  and  1855; 
in  1857  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  New  Hampshire,  and  in  1861 
•was  re-elected  for  the  term  ending  in  1867, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committees  on 
Claims,  the  Judiciary,  Indian  Affairs,  and 
as  a  member  of  other  important  commit 
tees.  During  the  first  session  of  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  he  was  chosen 
President  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate,  but  re 
signed  the  position  at  the  close  of  the 
second  session  of  the  same  Congress.  In 
July,  18G6,  he  resigned  his  seat  in  the  Sen 
ate,  and  was  appointed  by  President  John- 
sou  Judge  of  the  United  States  District 
Court  for  New  Hampshire.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  "  Loyalists'  Convention  " 
held  in  Philadelphia  in  1866. 

ClarJc,  Jr.  Ezra. — He  was  born  in 
Vermont,  and  having  removed  to  Connect 
icut,  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Elections. 

ClarJc,  FranJclin.—He  was  born  in 
Maine ;  a  merchant  by  occupation ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1847  to  1849.  Before  en 
tering  Congress  he  served  in  the  State 
Legislature,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Ex 
ecutive  Council  in  1855. 

ClarJc,  Henry  S.—  Born  in  Beaufort 
County,  North  Carolina.  He  studied  law ; 
went  into  the  State  Legislature  in  1834 ; 
was  Solicitor  for  the  State  in  1842;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1845  to  1847. 

ClarJc,  Horace  F. — He  was  born  in 
Southbury,  New  Haven  County,  Connect 
icut;  graduated  at  Williams  College, 
Massachusetts ;  adopted  the  law  as  a  pro 
fession;  and  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  New  York, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
the  Judiciary.  He  was  also  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Indian  Af 
fairs. 

ClarJc,  James. — He  was  born  in  Bed 
ford  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1813  to  1816,  and  again  from  1825  to 
1831,  and  was  Governor  of  the  State  in 
1836.  He  died  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky, 
August  27,  1839. 
6 


ClarJc,  James  W. — Born  in  Bertie 
County,  North  Carolina;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1796;  was  for  sev 
eral  years  in  the  House  of  Commons ;  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1812;  three  years 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1815  to  1817.  He  was  in  1823 
appointed  Chief  Clerk  of  the  Navy  Depart 
ment,  and  died  in  January,  1844,  in  the 
sixty-fifth  year  of  his  age. 

ClarJc,  John  B.—  Born  in  Madison 
County,  Kentucky,  April  17,  1802.  A  law 
yer  by  profession ;  removed  to  Missouri, 
and  was  appointed  Clerk  of  Howard  Coun 
ty  Court  in  1824,  serving  till  1834.  In  1332 
commanded  a  regiment  of  mounted  militia 
during  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  inado 
Major-Geueral  of  Militia  in  1848 ;  elected 
to  the  Legislature  during  the  session  of 
1850-'51 ;  was  chosen  by  the  State  as  com 
manding  officer  to  expel  the  Mormons  from 
Missouri,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Thirtj*- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Territories.  He  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Territories.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  but  took 
part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a  Colonel, 
having  been  expelled  from  the  House  ia 
July,  1861. 

ClarJc,  Lincoln, — He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  was  a  Judge  for  several  years  in 
Alabama ;  and,  on  removing  to  Iowa,  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress* 
from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853. 

ClarJc,  Lot.— He  was  born  in  New 
York;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1823  to  1825,  when  he  was  appointed 
Postmaster  at  Norwich,  New  York;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  Assembly 
in  1846. 

ClarJc,  M.  S.— He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  dur 
ing  the  years  1820  and  1821. 

ClarJc,  Mobert.—IIe  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  New  York,  and  was 
of  Scotch  descent;  was  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  that  State  from  1812  to  1815 , 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1819  to  1821 ;  and  a  Delegate 
to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention 
held  in  the  latter  year.  He  subsequently 
adopted  the  medical  profession,  and  set 
tled  in  Monroe,  Michigan  Territory,  and 
by  President  Monroe  was  appointed  Reg 
ister  of  the  Land  Office  for  the  Second 
Land  District  of  said  Territory. 

ClarJc,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1833  to 
1835 ;  on  removing  to  Michigan  was  elect- 


82 


VIOGKAPHICAL    BECOEDS. 


ed  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Clark,  William.— He  was  for  some 
time  prior  to  1828  State  Treasurer  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1828  he  was  appointed 
Treasurer  of  the  United  States,  and  held 
the  office  for  one  year.  From  1833  to 
1837  he  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Eepresentatives  in  Congress  from  Penn 
sylvania.  He  died  in  Dauphin  County, 
Pennsylvania,  April  28,  1821. 

Clarice,   Archibald  £.— He  was  a 

member  of  the  New  York  Senate  for  four 
years,  beginning  with  1813,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1816  to  1817.  He  held  the 
several  positions  of  Clerk,  Surrogate, 
and  Judge  of  Saratoga  County.  Died  at 
Clarence,  New  York,  December  4,  1821, 
aged  forty-three  years. 

Clarice,    Bayard.— 'Bom    in    New 

York  City,  March  17,  1815;  educated  at 
Geneva  College,  and  studied  law.  In  1836 
he  was  Attache  and  Secretary  to  General 
Cass's  Embassy  to  France,  and  continued 
in  that  position  four  years.  He  then  took 
a  course  of  study  at  the  Royal  School  of 
Cavalry,  in  France,  and  afterwards  served 
in  the  Second  Regiment  of  Dragoons 
through  the  Florida  war.  He  resigned  in 
1843,  and  settled  at  Westchester,  New- 
York,  which  District  he  represented  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Clarice,  Beveri/  I.  —He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1847  to 
1849.  In  1858  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Buchanan  minister  to  Guatemala ;  and 
died  March  7,  1860. 

Clarice,  Charles  E.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851.  In  1839  and  1840  he  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  from  Jefferson 
County.  Died  December  29,  1863,  aged 
seventy-four  years. 

Clarice,  Daniel. — He  was  a  Delegate 
to  Congress,  from  the  Territory  of  Orleans 
or  Louisiana,  from  1806  to  1809. 

Clarice,  Freeman. — He  was  born  in 
Troy,  New  York,  March  22,  1809;  com 
menced  active  life  as  a  merchant,  but  for 
twenty-seven  years  was  engaged  in  the 
banking  business,  first  as  Cashier  of  the 
Bank  of  Orleans,  at  Albion,  and  subse 
quently  as  President  of  several  banks  in 
Rochester.  He  also  held  the  offices  of 
Vice-President  and  Treasurer  of  one  or 
more  savings  banks  and  of  several  impor 
tant  railroad  companies.  In  1856  he  was  a 
Presidential  Elector,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was  a  mem 


ber  of  the  Committees  on  Manufactures 
and  Invalid  Pensions.  In  March,  1865,  he 
was  appointed  Comptroller  of  the  Curren 
cy  in  the  Treasury  Department ;  and  he 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1867. 

ClarJce,  John  C.—  He  was  born  in 
Connecticut;  graduated  at  Williams  Col 
lege  in  1811;  served  in  the  Assembly  of 
New  York  in  1826 ;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1827  to  1829,  and  again  from  1837  to  1843. 
Died  in  1852,  aged  fifty-nine  years. 

Clarice,  John  JET. — He  was  born  in 
Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey,  in  1791 ;  grad 
uated  at  Brown  University  in  1809 ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law;  served  in  the 
State  Legislature ;  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  from  1847 
to  1853. 

Clarice,  Header  Wright.— He  was 

born  in  Bethel,  Clermont  County.  Ohio, 
May  18, 1812.  He  obtained  a  good  English 
education,  and  when  fifteen  years  of  age 
learned  the  trade  of  a  printer,  with  which 
he  has  since  been  connected.  He  studied 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1836.  In  1840 
and  1841  he  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  Legis 
lature  ;  was  a  Delegate,  in  1844,  to  the  Bal 
timore  Convention,  and  was  a  Presiden 
tial  Elector  at  the  ensuing  election;  in 
1846  he  was  appointed  Clerk  of  the  Su 
preme  and  Common  Pleas  Courts  of  Cler 
mont  County,  which  he  held  for  six  years ; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Conven 
tion  "  of  1860,  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Revolutionary  Pensions  and  on 
Printing.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
1866 ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  Post  Office  and  Expenditures  in  the 
State  Department. 

Clarice,  Sidney.  —  Born  in  South- 
bridge,  Massachusetts,  October  16,  1831 ; 
received  a  common-school  education; 
adopted  the  profession  of  an  editor,  and 
published  the  "  Southbridge  Press."  In 
1858  he  emigrated  to  Kansas,  and  settled 
in  Lawrence ;  was  a  member,  in  1862,  of  the 
State  Legislature ;  subsequently  rendered 
military  service  against  the  Rebellion  as  a 
Captain  of  Volunteers,  and  Assistant  Prov 
ost-Marshal-General  for  Kansas,  Nebraska, 
Colorado,  and  Dakota,  serving  in  the  lat 
ter  capacity  until  1864,  when  he  was  elect- 
pd  a  Representative,  from  Kansas,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Pacific  Railroad,  In 
dian  Affairs,  and  on  the  Death  of  Presi 
dent  Lincoln,  and  also  on  the  National 
Committee  appointed  to  accompany  the 
remains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


83 


"  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1863 ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Clarice,  Stale]/  2V.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1841  to  1843. 

Clarkson,    Matthetv.  —  He  was    a 

Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1785  to  1786. 

Clawson,  IsaiaJi  D. — He  was  born  in 

Woodstowu,  New  Jersey,  March  30,  1822 ; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1840; 
studied  medicine  in  the  University  of  Penn 
sylvania,  taking  his  degree  in  1843;  was  a 
member  of  the  New  Jersey  Assembly  in 
1853 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Claims. 

Clay,  Brutus  J".— Tie  was  born  in 
Madison  County,  Kentucky,  July  1,  1808 ; 
was  educated  at  Danville  College,  Ken 
tucky,  and  settled  in  Bourbon  County  as  a 
farmer  in  1837.  In  1840  he  served  in  the 
State  Legislature ;  was  subsequently  elect 
ed  President  of  the  Bourbon  County  Agri 
cultural  Society,  which  position  he  still 
holds.  In  1853  he  was  elected  President 
of  the  State  Agricultural  Society,  was  re- 
elected  for  four  years,  and  then  declined  a 
re-election ;  was  again  elected  to  the  Leg 
islature  in  1860 ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Agriculture,  and  as  a 
member  of  that  on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 
Ever  since  his  bo57hood  he  has  been  de 
voted  to  agriculture,  and  especially  to  the 
raising  of  choice  breeds  of  cattle. 

Clay,  Clement  C. — He  was  born  in 
Halifax  County,  Virginia,  December  17, 
1780 ;  graduated  at  the  University  of  East 
Tennessee ;  studied  law,  and  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1809;  and  removed  to 
Iluntsville,  Alabama,  in  1811,  where  he 
has  resided  ever  since.  During  the  Creek 
war  he  saw  some  service  as  a  soldier.  He 
practised  his  profession  until  1817,  when 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Territo 
rial  Council  of  Alabama;  in  1819  he  was 
chosen  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Circuit 
Court;  in  1820  was  chosen  Chief  Justice 
of  that  Court,  and  resigned  in  1823;  in 
1828  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  and  was  made  Speaker;  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Alaba 
ma,  from  1827  to  1835;  in  1835  he  was 
elected  Governor  of  Alabama,  serving  two 
years;  and  in  1837  he  was  elected  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress  for  the  term  ending  in 
1842.  Died  at  Hnntsville,  Alabama,  Sep 
tember  9,  1866.  His  son,  bearing  the  same 
name,  was  also  in  Congress. 

Clay,   Clement  C.,  Jr.  — He  was 


born  in  Madison,  Alabama,  about  the  year 
1819 ;  graduated  at  the  University  of  Ala 
bama,  and  spent  two  years  at  the  Univer- 
siy  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  and  com 
menced  the  practice  at  Iluntsville,  Alaba 
ma,  in  1840;  served  in  the  Legislature  of 
Alabama  in  1842,  1844,  and  1815;  and  was 
elected  by  the  Legislature,  in  1846,  Judge 
of  the  Madison  County  Court,  serving  two 
years,  when  ho  resigned.  In  1852  he  was 
a  Presidential  Elector,  and  in  1853  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ala 
bama,  and  in  1859  was  re-elected  for  the 
term  of  six  years,  receiving  every  vote  in 
the  Legislature.  Expelled  from  the  Senate 
March  14,  1861,  and  took  part  in  the  Re 
bellion  of  that  year.  He  was  subsequently 
confined  in  Fortress  Monroe  as  a  prisoner 
of  state,  but  finally  released  by  President 
Johnson  on  his  parole. 

Clay,  Henry.  —  Born  in  Hanover 
County,  Virginia,' April  12,  1777.  Having 
received  a  common-school  education,  he 
became,  at  an  early  age,  a  copyist  in  the 
office  of  the  Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Chan 
cery,  at  Richmond.  At  nineteen  he  com 
menced  the  study  of  law,  and  shortly  after 
wards  removed  to  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799, 
and  soon  obtained  extensive  practice.  He 
began  his  political  career  by  taking  an  ac 
tive  part  in  the  election  of  Delegates  to 
frame  a  new  Constitution  for  the  State  of 
Kentucky.  In  1803  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  by  the  citizens  of  Fayette 
County,  and  in  1803  he  was  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate  for  the  remainder 
of  the  term  of  General  Adair,  who  had  re 
signed.  In  1807  he  was  again  elected  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Ken 
tucky,  and  was  chosen  Speaker.  In  the 
following  year  occurred  his  duel  with 
Humphrey  Marshall.  In  1809  he  was  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the 
uuexpired  term  of  Mr.  Thurston,  resigned. 
In  1811  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives,  and  was  chosen 
Speaker  on  the  first  day  of  his  appearance 
in  that  body,  and  was  five  times  re-elected 
to  this  office.  During  this  session  his  elo 
quence  aroused  the  country  to  resist  the 
aggressions  of  Great  Britain,  and  awak 
ened  a  national  spirit.  In  1814  he  was  ap 
pointed  one  of  the  Commissioners  to  nego 
tiate  a  treaty  of  peace  at  Ghent.  Returning 
from  this  mission,  he  was  re-elected  to 
Congress,  and  in  1818  he  spoke  in  favor  of 
recognizing  the  independence  of  the  South 
American  Republics.  In  the  same  year  he 
put  forth  his  strength  in  behalf  of  a  na 
tional  system  of  internal  improvements. 
A  monument  of  stone,  inscribed  with  his 
name,  was  erected  on  the  Cumberland 
Road,  to  commemorate  his  services  in  be 
half  of  that  improvement.  In  the  session 
of  1819-20  he  exerted  himself  for  the  estab 
lishment  of  protection  to  American  indus 
try,  and  this  was  followed  by  services  In 
adjusting  the  Missouri  Comoromise.  After 


84 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


the  settlement  of  these  questions  he  with 
drew  from  Congress,  in  order  to  attend  to 
his  private  affairs.  In  1823  he  returned  to 
Congress,  and  was  re-elected  Speaker;  and 
at  this  session  he  exerted  himself  in  sup 
port  of  the  independence  of  Greece.  Un 
der  John  Quiucy  Adams  he  filled  the  office 
of  Secretary  of  State.  The  attack  upon 
Mr.  Adams'  administration,  and  especially 
upon  the  Secretary  of  State,  by  John  Ran- 
dolph,  led  to  a  hostile  meeting  between 
him  and  Mr.  Clay,  which  terminated  with 
out  bloodshed.  In  1829  he  returned  to 
Kentucky,  and  in  1831  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  where  he  com 
menced  his  labors  in  favor  of  the  tariff. 
In  the  same  month  of  his  reappearance  in 
the  Senate  he  was  unanimously  nominated 
for  President  of  the  United  States.  In  183G 
he  was  re-elected  to  the  Senate,  where  he 
remained  until  1812,  when  he  resigned,  and 
took  his  final  leave,  as  he  supposed,  of  that 
body.  la  1839  he  was  again  nominated  for 
the  Presidency,  but  General  Harrison  was 
selected  as  the  candidate.  He  also  received 
the  nomination  in  1844  for  President,  and 
was  defeated  in  this  election  by  Mr.  Polk. 
He  remained  in  retirement  in  Kentucky 
until  1849,  when  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the  term 
ending  in  1855.,  Here  he  devoted  all  his 
energies  to  the  measures  known  as  the 
Compromise  Acts.  His  efforts  during  this 
session  impaired  his  strength,  and  he  went 
for  his  health  to  Havana  and  New  Orleans, 
but  with  110  permanent  advantage.  He  re 
turned  to  Washington,  but  was  unable  to 
participate  in  the  active  duties  of  the  Sen 
ate,  and  resigned  his  seat,  to  take  effect 
upon  the  Cth  of  September,  1852.  He  died 
in  Washington  City,  June  29,  1852.  He 
was  interested  in  the  success  of  the  Colo 
nization  Society,  and  was  for  a  long  time 
one  of  its  most  efficient  officers,  and  also 
its  President.  His  "Life  and  Letters, "and 
also  his  "  Speeches,"  were  published  in 
several  volumes  by  the  late  Calvin  Colton. 

Clay,  James  B.—  Born  in  Washing 
ton  City,  November  9,  1817.  He  received 
his  classical  education  at  Transylvania 
University,  in  Kentucky,  and  at  the  age 
of  fifteen  went  to  Boston,  where  he  spent 
two  years  in  a  counting-house.  From 
Boston  he  emigrated  to  St.  Louis,  Mis 
souri,  then  a  city  of  only  eight  thousand, 
and  settled  upon  a  farm ;  and  when  twenty- 
one  years  of  age,  he  returned  to  Kentucky. 
After  spending  two  years  in  the  manufac 
turing  business,  he  graduated  at  the  Law 
School  of  Lexington,  and  practised  law 
as  the  partner  of  his  father,  the  Honor 
able  Henry  Clay,  until  1849;  "and  during 
that  year  President  Taylor  appointed  him 
Chargu  d' Affaires  to  Lisbon;  and  having 
returned  home  by  order  of  the  Govern 
ment,  he  was  mentioned  by  name  in  Pres 
ident  Fillmore's  Message  of  1850.  In 
1851  he  again  took  up  his  residence  in 
Missouri,  "but  returned  to  Kentucky  in 


1853,  when  he  bacame  the  proprietor  of 
Ashland.  He  was  elected  to  Congress  in 
1857,  serving  one  term,  and  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Foreign  Relations.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  Peace  Convention 
of  1861,  held  in  Washington.  He  was 
identified  with  the  Rebellion  of  1861,  and 
died  in  Montreal,  January  26,  1864. 

Clay,  Joseph. — He  was  an  earnest 
patriot  during  the  Revolution,  and  was  a 
Delegate,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1778  to  1780,  when  he  re 
signed.  His  son,  bearing  the  same  name, 
became  prominent  as  a  Judge,  and  also  as 
a  Baptist  preacher. 

Clay,  Joseph.  —  He  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1784 ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1803  to  1808,  when  he  resigned,  and 
died  in  1811. 

Clay,  Matthew.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1797  to  1813.  Died  in  1815. 

Clayton,   Augustin    S.—  Born   in 

Frcdericksburg,  Virginia,  November  27, 
1783,  and  died  at  his  residence,  in  Athens, 
Georgia,  June  21,  1839.  He  was  educated 
at  the  University  of  Georgia;  read  law, 
and  practised  it  with  eminent  success ; 
served  in  the  State  Legislature ;  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court ;  was 
a  Presidential  Elector  in  1829 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1831  to  1835.  He  was  for  many 
years  sceptical  on  the  subject  of  the 
Christian  religion,  but  at  the  time  of  his 
death  was  a  sincere  believer,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 
He  acquired  some  distinction  as  a  politi 
cian,  and  the  political  pamphlet  called 
"Crockett's  Life  of  Van  Buren,"  is  said 
to  have  been  the  production  of  his  pen. 

Clayton,  John  JH. — Born  in  Sussex 
County,  Delaware,  July  24,  1796;  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1815 ;  was  bred  to 
the  bar,  having  studied  law  in  the  office 
of  John  Clayton,  and  for  a  time  in  the 
Law  School  at  Litchfielcl,  Connecticut. 
He  commenced  practice  in  1818,  and  soon 
attained  eminence  in  his  profession.  He 
was,  in  1824,  elected  to  the  State  Legis 
lature,  and  subsequently  Secretary  of 
State  of  Delaware;  and  in  1829  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress.  He  was 
re-elected  in  1835,  and  resigned  in  Decem 
ber,  1836.  In  January,  1837,  was  ap 
pointed  Chief  Justice  of  Delaware,  which 
office  he  resigned  in  1839.  He  was  again 
elected  to  the  Federal  Senate  in  1845,  and 
was  a  Senator  until  -1849,  when  he  be 
came  Secretary  of  State  under  President 
Taylor,  which  position  he  occupied  until 
the  death  of  Taylor,  in  July,  1850.  Dur 
ing  this  period  he  negotiated  the  famous 
Clayton-Bulvver  Treaty.  He  was  for  the 


BIOGEAPniCAL    EECO.RDS. 


85 


third  time  elected  to  the  Senate,  and  took 
his  seat  March,  1851,  and  died  a  Senator, 
November  9,  1856.  During  his  last  term 
in  the  Senate,  he  vindicated,  with  marked 
ability,  the  principles  of  the  treaty  which 
he  inaugurated.  At  the  bar  he  was  a 
learned  lawyer  and  an  eloquent  advocate  ; 
and  during  his  whole  public  career  ac 
quitted  himself  uprightly,  with  dignity 
and  recognized  ability. 

Clayton,  Joshua. — He  was  the  Gov 
ernor  of  Delaware  from  1793  to  1796,  and 
was  chosen  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  in  1798,  and  died  the  following  year. 

Clayton,  Thomas, — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Delaware, 
from  1813  to  1817,  and  United  States  Sen 
ator  from  1823  to  1826,  and  again  from 
1837  to  1847.  He  had  been  at  different 
periods  a  member  of  the  Delaware  Legis 
lature,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas,  and  of  the  Superior  Court. 
He  died  in  Newcastle,  Delaware,  August 
21,  1854,  aged  seventy-six  years. 

Cleav eland,  J.  F. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1836  to  1839,  but  subsequently  removed  to 
Charleston,  where  he  became  a  merchant, 
and  died  May  19,  1841. 

Clemens,  Jeremiah.—  He  was  born 
in  Huutsville,  Alabama,  December  28, 
1814,  and  was  educated  at  La  Grange  Col 
lege  and  the  University  of  Alabama.  He 
studied  law  at  the  University  of  Transyl 
vania,  in  Kentucky,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1834.  In  1838  he  was  appointed 
United  States  Attorney  for  the  Northern 
District  of  Alabama;  in  1839,  1840,  and 
1841,  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture;  in  1842  raised  a  company  of  volun 
teer  troops,  and  went  to  Texas,  having 
been  appointed  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and 
subsequently  to  the  same  office  in  the 
regular  army;  in  1843  and  1844  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  Legislature;  in  1844 
served  as  a  Presidential  Elector;  in  1848 
was  appointed  Governor  of  the  Civil  and 
Military  Department  of  Purchase  in  Mex 
ico,  which  position  he  held  until  the  close 
of  the  war ;  and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Alabama,  from  1849  to  1853. 
He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1856.  As  an  author  Mr.  Clemens  has 
published  two  novels,  entitled  "Bernard 
Lile  '  and  "  Mustang  Gray,"  the  first  in 
1853  and  the  last  in  1857.  'He  was  subse 
quently  an  editor.  Died  in  Huntsville, 
May  21,  1865, 

Clemens,  Sherrard.  —  Born  at 
Wheeling,  Virginia,  April  28,  1826 ;  grad 
uated  at  Washington  College,  Pennsylva 
nia;  a  lawyer  by  profession;  and  during 
political  campaigns  has  held  several  con 
fidential  positions  in  his  native  State ;  and 
was  elected  a  member  of  Congress,  from 


December,  1852,  to  March,  1853,  and  elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Manufactures  and 
Revolutionary  Pensions.  In  1856  he  was 
chosen  a  Presidential  Elector.  In  1859 
he  was  wounded  in  a  duel  fought  with 
Mr.  Wise,  and  was  prevented  from  at 
tending  the  second  session  of  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress.  He  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Commerce.  Took  part  ia 
the  Rebellion. 

Clements,  Andrew  J~. — Born  in 
Jackson  County,  Tennessee,  in  1832 ; 
received  a  common-school  education; 
studied  medicine,  and  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Tennessee  in  1858,  after 
which  he  practised  his  profession;  and  in 
1861  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Tennessee,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress.  In  1866  he  was  elected  to  the  Leg 
islature  of  Tennessee. 

Clendenen,  David. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1815  to  1817. 

Cleveland,  Chauncey  .F.— Born  in 
Hampton,  Connecticut,  in  1799 ;  was  edu 
cated  in  the  common  schools  of  that  vi 
cinity;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1819;  he  was  in  the  Connecti 
cut  Legislature  in  1826,  1827,  1828,  1829, 
1832,  1835,  1836,  1838,  1847,  and  1848,  and 
twice  elected  Speaker.  He  was  appointed 
Attorney  for  the  State  in  1832 ;  was  Gov 
ernor  of  Connecticut  in  1842  and  1843; 
and  he  received  from  Yale  College  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1849  to  1853;  a 
member  of  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861 ; 
and  Presidential  Elector  in  1860. 

Clever,  Charles  P. — He  was  born  in 
Cologne,  Province  of  Prussia,  Germany, 
February  23,  1830;  was  educated  at  the 
Gymnasium  of  Cologne  and  University 
of  Bonn;  adopted  the  profession  of  law, 
and  having  removed  to  New  Mexico  prac 
tised  it  there  with  success ;  filled  the  offi 
ces  in  that  Territory  of  United  States 
Marshal,  Attorney-General,  Adjutant-Gen 
eral,  as  wrell  as  several  others,  and  was 
elected  a  Delegate  from  New  Mexico  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress.  In  1868  he  pub 
lished  a  small  work  on  the  Resources  of 
New  Mexico. 

Clifford,  Nathan.— He  was  born  iu 
Rumncy,  Grafton  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  August  18,  1803.  He  fitted  for  col 
lege  at  the  Haverhill  Academy,  and  com 
pleted  his  education  at  the  Hampton 
Literary  Institution.  He  studied  law, 
and,  after  being  admitted  to  the  bar,  re 
moved  to  Maine  in  1827.  He  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature,  from  York  County,  in 
1830,  and  re-elected  for  three  years,  dur 
ing  the  last  two  occupying  the  post  of 


86 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Speaker.  In  1834  he  was  appointed  At 
torney-General  for  the  State  of  Maine, 
which  office  he  held  four  .years ;  and  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1839  to  1843.  In  1846  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Polk,  Attorney-General  of 
the  United  States,  which  office  he  held 
until  March,  1847,  when  he  was  appointed 
Commissioner  to  Mexico.  When  peace 
was  declared  between  this  country  and 
Mexico  he  was  appointed  Minister  to  that 
Republic.  On  his  return  to  the  United 
States  he  settled  in  Portland,  devoting 
himself  to  his  profession;  and  in  1858 
Avas  appointed,  by  President  Buchanan, 
an  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States. 

Clinch  f  Duncan  L. — Was  a  General 
in  the  United  States  Army,  and  from  1843 
to  1845  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Georgia.  He  was  a  brave  soldier  and 
noble-hearted  man.  Died  at  Macon, 
Georgia,  October  28,  1849. 

Clingan,  William.— He  was  a  Del 
egate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1777  to  1779,  and 
was  a  signer  of  the  Articles  of  Confeder 
ation. 

Clingman,  Thomas  L.—  Born  in 
Iluntsville,  Surry  County,  North  Carolina; 
graduated  at  Chapel  Hill  University; 
studied  law,  but  just  as  he  was  about  to 
enter  upon  the  practice  he  was  elected  to 
the  House  of  Commons  of  the  State.  On 
his  retirement  from  the  Legislature,  in 
183G,  he  removed  to  Ashville,  in  Bun 
combe  County.  He  was  soon  after  elected 
to  a  seat  in  the  State  Senate  of  North 
Carolina.  In  1843  he  was  elected  to  Con 
gress,  and,  with  the  exception  of  one  term, 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Represent 
atives  until  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
when  he  was  appointed  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  On  the 
resignation  of  A.  Biggs,  he  was  appointed 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  and  in  November, 
1858,  his  appointment  was  confirmed  by 
the  Legislature.  He  made  contributions 
to  the  sciences  of  geology  and  mineralogy, 
and  brought  to  light  many  facts  connected 
with  the  mountains  of  North  Carolina, 
one  of  the  highest  peaks  of  which  it  was 
his  fortune  to  explore  and  measure,  and 
which  now  bears  his  name.  He  took  part 
in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a  Colonel,  hav 
ing  been  expelled  from  the  Senate  in  July, 
1861,  to  which  he  had  been  re-elected  for 
the  term  commencing  in  March,  1861. 

Clinton,  De  Witt. — Born  at  Little 
Britain,  in  Orange  County,  New  York, 
March  2,  1769.  He  graduated  at  Colum 
bia  College,  with  the  highest  honors,  in 
1786.  He  studied  law,  but  never  engaged 
much  in  its  practice,  lie  was  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  New  York  in  1799.  In  July, 
1802,  he  fought  a  duel  with  Mr.  Swart- 


wout,  arising  from  political  controversy 
concerning  Mr.  Burr.  He  was  a  Senator 
of  the  United  States  from  1802  to  1803, 
and  was  chosen  Mayor  of  New  York  iu 
1803,  holding  this  office  uutil  1815,  except 
ing  the  years  1807  and  1810.  While  he 
was  Mayor,  he  was  also  for  several  years 
a  State  Senator,  and  the  Lieuteuant-Gov- 
ernor.  Under  his  auspices,  also,  the  His 
torical  Society  of  New  York,  of  which  he 
was  at  one  time  President,  and  the  Acad 
emy  of  Fine  Arts  were  incorporated,  the 
New  York  City  Hall  was  founded,  the 
Orphan  Asylum  established,  and  the  City 
fortified.  He  took  a  great  interest,  as 
early  as  1817,  in,  and  did  more  than  any 
other  man  in  behalf  of,  the  Euie  Canal, 
and  that  great  work  was  finished  during 
his  administration  as  Governor,  in  1825. 
In  1812  he  consented  to  become  the  can 
didate  of  the  Peace  party  for  the  Presi 
dency  of  the  United  States.  In  1823  and 
1824  he  was  President  of  the  Board  of 
Canal  Commissioners,  and  during  the 
latter  year  was  elected  Governor  of  the 
State,  and  in  1826  was  re-elected  to  the 
same  office ;  he  afterwards  declined  the 
embassy  to  England,  offered  to  him  by 
President  Adams.  He  died  at  Albany, 
February  11,  1828. 

Clinton,  George.— Born  in  Ulster 
County,  New  York,  July  26,  1739,  and 
died  at  Washington  City,  April  20,  1812. 
He  commenced  life  by  sailing  in  a  priva 
teer  ;  served  as  a  Lieutenant  in  the  expe 
dition  against  Fort  Froutenac;  he  after 
wards  studied  law ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Colonial  Assembly,  and  also  of  the  Pro 
vincial  Congress  in  1775 ;  he  was  appoint 
ed  a  Brigadier-General  in  1777 ;  was  Gov 
ernor  of  New  York  for  eighteen  years; 
from  1795  to  1800  he  lived  in  retirement; 
was  again  chosen  Governor  in  1804 ;  and, 
having  been  elected  Vice-President  of  the 
United  States  during  the  last  year,  he  re 
tained  the  office  until  his  death,  conse 
quently  officiating  as  President  of  the 
Senate  a  period  of  eight  years. 

Clinton,  Jr.  George.  —He  was  born 
in  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Assembly  in  1801  and  1802 ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1804  to  1809. 

Clinton,  James  G. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1841  to 
1845. 

Clapton,  David. — Born  in  Georgia 
in  1820,  and  elected  a  Representative,  fiom 
Alabama,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  ou 
Public  Expenditures.  Resigned  in  Feb 
ruary,  1861,  to  take  part  iu  the  Rebellion 
of  that  year. 

Clopton,    tTb/m.— He  was  a  Repre- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


87 


sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1795  to  171)9,  and  again  from  1801  to  181G. 
Died  September  11,  181G. 

Cloivnei/,     William    K.  —  He    was 

born  in  South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the 
South  Carolina  College  in  1848;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law  ;  was  Commissioner 
in  Equity  of  South  Carolina;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1833  to  1835,  and  again  from 
1837  to  1S39. 


,  George.  —  He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia  in  1739,  and  was  a  patriot  of 
the  Revolution.  He  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits,  and  early  espoused  the  cause 
of  his  country.  In  1773  he  resolutely  op 
posed  the  sale  of  tea  sent  out  by  the  Brit 
ish  Government,  and  not  a  pound  was  sold 
in  Philadelphia.  In  1775  he  was  one  of 
the  iirst  Continental  Treasurers.  In  1776 
he  was  a  member  of  Congress,  and  signed 
the  Declaration  of  Independence.  In  1774 
his  furniture  was  destroyed  by  the  enemy. 
In  1780  he  co-operated  with  Robert  Mor 
ris  in  the  establishment  of  a  bank  for  the 
relief  of  the  country.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  old  Congress  in  1780,  and  a  Repre 
sentative,  under  the  Constitution,  from 
1789  to  1791,  from  Pennsylvania.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  Convention  which 
formed  the  Federal  Constitution,  and 
signed  that  instrument.  In  1791  he  was 
placed  at  the  head  of  the  Excise  Depart- 
meut  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1796  he  was 
sent  to  Georgia  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with 
the  Creek  and  Cherokee  Indians.  He  was 
afterwards  President  of  the  Philadelphia 
Bank  and  of  the  Academy  of  Fine  Arts. 
He  died  at  Morrisville,  Bucks  County, 
January  23,  1813. 

Cobb,  Atnasa.  —  Born  in  Crawford 
County,  Illinois,  September  27,  1823;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education;  emi 
grated  to  Wisconsin  Territory  in  1842; 
spent  five  years  in  the  lead-mining  busi 
ness,  and  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  a 
private  soldier,  during  which  time  he  oc 
casionally  read  law,  and  at  the  end  of  the 
war  he  began  to  practise  the  legal  profes 
sion.  In  1850  he  was  elected  a  District 
Attorney,  and  served  four  years;  in  1854 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  served 
two  years  ;  in  1855  he  was  appointed  Ad 
jutant-General  of  the  State,  and  again  in 
1857  ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature 
in  1800;  re-elected  in  18G1,  and  chosen 
Speaker;  in  18G1  and  1862  he  served  in 
the  volunteer  service  as  Colonel  of  the 
Fifth  Wisconsin  Regiment,  and  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  Wisconsin,  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  the  Militia, 
and  Chairman  of  the  Joint  Committee  on 
Enrolled  Bills.  During  the  recess  of  Con 
gress  he  was  again  commissioned  a  Colo 
nel,  and  raised  the  Forty-third  Regiment 
of  Wisconsin  Volunteers,  which,  he  com 


manded  until  July,  1865,  when  he  was 
mustered  out.  He  was  brevetted  for  gal 
lant  services  at  Williamsburg,  Golden's 
Farm,  and  Antietam.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  tho 
Committees  on  Enrolled  Bills,  District  of 
Columbia,  and  Mines  and  Mining.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Claims  and  Public 
Buildings  and  Grounds. 

Cobb,  David. — He  was  born  in  At- 
tleborough,  Massachusetts,  September  14, 
1748;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1766,  and  adopted  the  Medical  profession ; 
served  in  the  Revolution,  in  1777,  as  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel;  served  as  an  Aide  to 
General  Washington  in  the  capacity  of 
Colonel;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Brevet  Brigadier-General;  after  the  war 
was  made  judge  of  a  County  Courb;  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  and  served  as 
Speaker  from  1789  to  1793 ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1793  to  1795;  was  President 
of  the  State  Senate  from  1801  to  1805 ; 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  the  State  in  1809; 
a  State  Councillor  in  1803,  and  from  1812 
to  1818 ;  and  was  subsequently  appointed 
Major-General  of  the  State  Militia.  Died 
April  17,  1830. 

Cobb,  George  T.—lle  was  bora  in, 
New  Jersey,  and  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  ou 
Invalid  Pensions. 

Cobb,  Hoivell.—The  uncle  of  Secre 
tary  Cobb,  and  for  whom  he  was  named, 
was  born  in  Granville,  North  Carolina, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Georgia,  from  1807  to  1812.  During 
the  last  war  with  England  he  served  with 
credit  as  a  Captain  in  the  army,  and  after 
peace  was  declared  he  settled  upon  a  plan 
tation,  and  devoted  his  whole  attention  to 
agriculture.  He  died  about  the  year  1820. 

Cobb,  Howell. — He  was  born  at  Cher 
ry  Hill,  in  Jefferson  County,  Georgia,  Sep 
tember  7,  1815.  When  a  child,  his  father 
removed  to  Athens,  Georgia,  where  he  has 
since  resided.  He  graduated  at  Franklin 
College  in  1834 ;  he  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836 ;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  that  year;  in  1837  he 
received  the  appointment  of  Solicitor- 
General  of  the  Western  Circuit,  which  he 
held  four  years ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  in  1842,  having 
been  re-elected  in  1844,  1846,  and  1848, 
and  during  his  latter  term  he  was  elected 
Speaker.  On  his  retirement  from  Con 
gress,  he  was  chosen  Governor  of  Geor 
gia  ;  in  1855  he  was  again  elected  to 
Congress ;  and  on  the  accession  of  Mr. 
Buchanan  to  the  Presidency,  Governor 
Cobb  went  into  his  cabinet  as  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury.  He  took  a  prominent 


88 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1SG1,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  so-called  Confederate  Con 
gress,  and  a  Brigadier-General. 

Cobl>,  Thomas  W.—  He  was  born  in 
Columbia  County,  Georgia,  in  1784,  and 
attained  a  high  position  as  a  lawyer.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Georgia,  from  1817  to  1821,  and  again  from 
1823  to  1824 ;  and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1824  to  1828.  lie  was  subse 
quently  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Superior 
Court,  and  died  in  Greeusborough  Febru 
ary  1,  1830.  He  was  the  author  of  many 
political  Essays. 

Cobb,  Williamson  It.  W.—  He  was 

born  in  Ray  County,  Tennessee,  in  1807, 
and  in  1809  his  father  removed  to  Madison 
County,  Alabama,  with  the  prosperity  of 
which  State  his  name  has  been  identified 
for  many  years.  He  received  a  good  com 
mon-school  education,  and  then  turned  his 
attention  to  farming.  From  this  pursuit 
he  was  called,  in  1845,  to  a  seat  in  the 
State  Legislature,  where  he  remained  two 
years,  in  1847  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Alabama,  in 
which  capacity  he  served  his  adopted 
State,  by  successive  re-elections,  down  to 
18GO.  During  eight  years  of  his  Congres 
sional  career  lie  has  officiated  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Unfinished  Business, 
and  the  balance  of  the  time  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lands.  The 
credit  is  awarded  to  him  of  having  engi 
neered  through  Congress  the  Bounty  Laud 
Bill  of  1850,  and  the  Graduation  Bill  of 
1854.  He  was  killed  by  the  accidental  dis 
charge  of  a  pistol  in  Alabama,  in  No 
vember,  1804.  He  had  served  in  the 
Confederate  Congress,  but  was  expelled 
therefrom  on  account  of  disloyalty  to  the 
Confederacy. 

Cobiirn,  Jolin. — He  was  born  in  In 
dianapolis,  Indiana,  October  27,  1825; 
graduated  at  Wabash  College  in  184G; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1850 
and  1851;  was  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  in  the  "Twelfth  District  from 
1859  to  1861 ;  resigned,  and  served  in  the 
army  during  the  Rebellion,  first  as  Colonel 
of  the  Thirty-third  Regiment  Indiana  Vol 
unteers,  when  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  Brigadier-General  for  gallant  and  meri 
torious  services ;  was  with  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  and  having  gone  with 
General  Sherman  to  Atlanta,  received  in 
person  the  surrender  of  that  city ;  in  Octo 
ber,  1805,  he  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Fifth 
Judicial  Circuit  of  Indiana,  which  he  re 
signed  in  August,  1800 ;  and  in  the  subse 
quent  autumn  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Indiana  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Banking  and  Currency  and  Public  Expend 
itures. 


CoTjurn,  StepJien.—IIe  was  born  in 
Maine,  and  in  January,  1801,  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  that  State,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  for  the  unexpired 
term  of  Israel  Washburu,  Jr.,  resigned. 

Cochran,  James.— Ke  was  a  Major 
of  Militia,  and  represented  the  State  of 
New  York  in  Congress,  from  1797  to  1799. 
He  died  at  Oswego,  New  York,  November 
7,  1848,  aged  seventy-nine  years.  lie  was 
at  one  time  Postmaster  of  Oswego. 

Cochrane,  Clark  B. — Born  in  New 
Boston,  New  Hampshire,  May  31,  1815; 
graduated  at  Union  College,  Schenectady, 
New  York;  a  lawyer  by  profession;  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Legislature  in  1843 
and  1844;  and  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  New  York, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Expenditures 
in  the  War  Department.  He  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Private  Land  Claims.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Baltimore  Convention  of  1804, 
and  re-elected  to  the  Assembly  in  1805. 
Died  at  Albany,  March  5,  1867. 

Cochrane,  JoJin. — Born  at  Palatine, 
Montgomery  County,  New  York;  studied 
at  Union  College  and  graduated  at  Hamil 
ton  College,  New  York;  is  a  lawyer  by 
profession;  was  Surveyor  of  the  port  of 
New  York  for  four  years,  and  elected  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  acting  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce.  He 
was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Commerce.  Also  served  as 
a  General  of  Volunteers  in  the  Union  army 
in  1861-'2;  and  he  was  subsequently  elected 
Attorney-General  of  the  State  of  New 
York.  In  1804  he  was  nominated  for  the 
office  of  Vice-President  of  the  United 
States,  on  the  ticket  with  J.  C.  Fremont; 
and  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"National  Union  Convention"  of  1800. 

CocJce,  John. — He  was  born  in  Bruns 
wick  County,  Virginia,  1772;  in  early  life 
he  emigrated  to  Tennessee,  adopted  the 
profession  of  law,  and  became  a  member 
of  the  first  Legislature  of  the  State,  in 
1796;  he  was  Speaker  of  the  House  for 
many  years,  and  also  a  member  of  the 
Senate.  From  1819  to  1827  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  his  adopted 
State.  He  died  in  Grundj'-  County,  Ten 
nessee,  February  10,  1854. 

CocJce,  William. —  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  participated  in  the  military,  civil, 
legislative,  and  judicial  services  of  that 
State ;  and,  on  removing  to  Tennessee,  be 
came  a  General  of  Militia;  served  in  the 
State  Legislature  in  1813;  became  one  of 
the  Judges  of  the  Circuit  Court;  and  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  iu 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


89 


1797,  but  was  superseded  by  A.  Jackson, 
and  again  from  1799  to  1805 ;  and  was  ap 
pointed,  in  1814,  by  President  Madison, 
Indian  Agent  for  the  Chickasaw  nation. 

Coclce,  William  M.— He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847,  and  for  a  second  term,  ending  in 
1849. 

CocJcerill,  Joseph  JB. — He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and,  having  removed  to  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Public  Expenditures  and 
Expenses  in  the  "War  Department. 

CocJcran,  James, — A  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from 
1809  to  1813. 

Coffee,  John. — He  was  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1833  to 
1837,  and  died  in  Telfair  County,  of  that 
State,  September  25,  1836. 

Coffin,  Charles  G.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in.  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1838  to  1839. 

Coffin,  Pelcg. — He  was  born  Septem 
ber,  1750,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1793 
to  1795.  He  served  a  number  of  years  in 
the  State  Senate,  and  was  State  Treasurer 
from  1797  to  1802.  Died  March  G,  1805. 

Coffroih,  Alexander  JEf«— Born  in 
Somerset,  Somerset  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  May  18,  1828 ;  was  self-educated ; 
read  law  and  commenced  the  practice  iu 
1851 ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Charleston 
Convention  in  I860,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Pensions 
and  on  Expenditures  in  the  Interior  De 
partment.  He  was  also  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions,  but  his 
seat  was  successfully  contested  by  Mr. 
Koontz.  In  1867  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Johnson  an  Assessor  of  Internal 
Revenue. 

Coif,  Joshua. — Born  in  New  London, 

Connecticut,  October  7,  1758;  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1776 ;  he  studied 
law  and  settled  in  New  London  in  1779; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Connecticut,  from  1793  to  1798.  He 
also  served  a  number  of  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  Connecticut.  Died  in  New 
London,  September  5,  1798,  of  yellow 
fever. 

CoJce,  Richard. — He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  and  posssssed  talents  of  a 
high  order,  and  an  energy  seldom  equalled. 


He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Virginia,  from  1829  to  1833,  and  for 
many  years  a  prominent  member  of  the 
bar.  He  died  in  Abiugdon,  Virginia, 
March  30,  1851. 

ColcocJc,  William  F. — He  was  born 
in  Soutli  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  South 
Carolina  College  in  1823;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature,  and  Speaker  of  the 
House ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  South  Carolina,  from  1849  to 
1853. 

Colden,  CadwalladerD.—Ra  was 

for  many  years  a  prominent  member  of 
the  New  York  bar;  served  also  in  the 
Legislature  of  that  State ;  held  the  post 
of  District  Attorney  of  the  United  States 
for  many  years ;  was  at  one  time  Mayor 
of  New  York ;  and  a  member  of  Congress 
from  1821  to  1823.  He  was  an  early  and 
intimate  friend  of  Robert  Fulton,  and 
wrote  his  biography ;  he  was  highly  re 
spected  for  his  talents  and  virtues,  and. 
died  in  Jersey  City,  New  Jersey,  Febru 
ary  7,  1834,  aged  sixty-five  years. 

Cole,  Cornelius. — Born  in  Lodi,  New 
York,  September  17,  1822;  bred  to  the 
business  of  a  farmer;  graduated  at  the 
Wesleyan  University  in  Connecticut; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  emigrated 
to  California  in  1849,  and  mined  for  gold 
one  year;  subsequently  prosecuted  his 
profession  in  San  Francisco  and  Sacra 
mento  ;  was  District  Attorney  at  the  lat 
ter  place  for  two  years;  and  in  1863  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Cali 
fornia,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Post  Offices 
and  Post  Roads.  From  1856  to  1860  he 
was  a  member  of  the  National  Republican 
Committee,  and  during  the  Presidential 
campaign  of  1860  was  the  editor  of  a 
newspaper  in  California,  He  was  elected 
to  the  Senate  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1867,  and  ending  in  1873,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Appropriations,  Manufac 
tures,  and  Claims ;  and  was  a,  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelohia  "Lo3-alists'  Convention" 
of  1866. 

Cole,  George  E.  —  Was  born  in 
Oneida  County,  New  York,  December  23, 
1826 ;  went  to  Iowa  in  1849 ;  crossed  the 
plains  to  California  in  1850,  and  went  to 
Oregon  the  same  year;  was  a  nfbmbcr  of 
the  Oregon  Legislature  in  1851,  1852  and 
1853 ;  during  the  years  1859  and  1860  he 
was  Clerk  of  the  United  States  District 
Court  for  Oregon ;  removed  to  Washing 
ton  Territory  in  1861 ;  and  in  1863  he  was 
elected  a  Delegate  from  Washington  Ter 
ritory  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress. 

Cole,  Orsamus.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 


90 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Congress,  from  Wisconsin,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

Coleman,  Nicholas  1>. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1829  to  1831,  and  was  in  that 
year  appointed  Postmaster  at  Maysville, 
Kentucky. 

Coles,  Isaac. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1789  to  1791,  and  again  from  1793  to  1797; 
and  he  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for 
locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac. 

Coles ,  Walter. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1845. 

Coif  ax,  ScJiuyler. — Born  in  New 

York  City,  March  23, 1823 ;  attended  a  pub 
lic  school ;  was  a  merchant's  clerk  for  three 
years ;  and  in  183G,  removed  with  his  wid 
owed  mother  to  Indiana,  where  he  held  a 
county  office  and  studied  law.  In  1845  he 
established  the  "  St.  Joseph  Valley  Regis 
ter"  at  South  Bend,  which  he  conducted 
until  1855.  He  was  a  member  in  1850,  of 
the  "  State  Constitutional  Convention ;  "  in 
1848  and  1852,  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Whig 
National  Conventions  "  of  those  years,  and 
was  Secretary  of  each.  He  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Indiana  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  and  to  the  successive  Con 
gresses,  including  the  Fortieth,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Post  Offi 
ces,  and  as  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian 
Institution.  He  was  chosen  Speaker  dur 
ing  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was 
twice  re-elected  to  the  same  position.  In 
1865  he  made  an  overland  journey  to  the 
Pacific  Coast,  which  formed  the  subject  of 
a  popular  Lecture  which  he  delivered  in 
several  States ;  and  in  May,  1868,  he  was 
nominated  for  the  office  of  Vice-President 
on  the  ticket  with  General  Grant  for  Pres 
ident. 

Collamer,  Jacob. — He  was  born  in 
Troy,  New  York,  in  1792,  but  when  a  child 
removed  with  his  father  to  Burlington, 
Vermont.  He  graduated  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  Vermont  in  1810;  served  as  a  sub 
altern  during  the  first  campaign  of  the 
last  war  with  England;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813 ;  practised 
his  profession  until  1833,  during  which 
time  he  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  State  Legislature,  and  from  1833  to 
1841  he  was  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Vermont.  In  1843  he  took  his  seat  as 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  serving  by  re-elections  until  1849 ; 
in  March  of  that  year  he  was  appointed 
Postmaster  -  General  in  the  cabinet  of 
President  Taylor;  resigned  in  1850,  with 
the  rest  of  the  cabinet,  on  the  death  of  the 
President,  and  was  soon  afterwards  rcap- 


pointed  on  the  Supreme  Bench  of  his 
State,  which  office  he  held  until  1854,  when 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Vermont,  for  six  years,  from  1855 ; 
and  in  1861  he  was  re-elected  for  the  term 
ending  in  1867  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads, 
also  that  on  the  Library,  and  as  a  member 
of  several  other  important  committees. 
He  received  the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  the 
University  of  Vermont,  and  from  Dart 
mouth  College,  New  Hampshire.  Died  in 
Woodstock,  Vermont,  ^November  8,  1865. 

Collier,  JToJin  A. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1831  to  1838. 

Collln,  John  F.— Born  in  Hillsdale, 
Columbia  County,  New  York,  April  30, 
1802.  He  received  a  common-school  ed 
ucation,  and  lias  devoted  himself  to  agri 
cultural  pursuits.  He  served  in  the  State 
Legislature  in  1834;  was  a  member  for 
some  years  of  the  County  Board  of  Super 
visors  ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Collins,    Ela.  —  Born   in    Meriden, 

Connecticut,  February  14,  1786;  studied 
law,  and  commenced  practice  in  Oaeida 
County,  New  York ;  was  for  twenty  3~ears 
a  District  Attorney,  displaying  ability  as 
an  advocate,  and  during  the  latter  part  of 
his  life  devoted  much  attention  to  farm 
ing.  He  commanded  a  regiment  of  Mili 
tia  near  Sackett's  Harbor,  New  York,  in 
1814;  represented  Lewis  County  in  the 
Legislature  of  the  State,  and  in  1821  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Constitutional 
Convention.  He  was  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1823  to  1825 ;  and  died  at 
Lowville,  Lewis  County,  November  23, 
1848. 

Collins,  John, — Governor  of  Rhode 
Island,  from  1786  to  1789,  succeeding 
William  Greene.  He  was  a  patriot  of  the 
Revolution,  a  Delegate  to  the  old  Congress 
from  1778 -to  1783,  and  a  signer  of  the 
Articles  of  Confederation ;  and  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  in  1789.  He 
died  at  Newport,  in  March,  1795,  aged 
seventy-eight. 

Collins,  William.— lie  was  the  sou 
of  Ela,  and  born  in  Oueida  County,  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1849. 
He  studied  law,  and  was  District  Attorney 
for  Lewis  County,  until  he  removed  to 
Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Colqultt,  Alfred  H.—lle  was  a  na 
tive  of  Georgia;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1844;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1855, 
and  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1861. 

Colqultt ,    W.    T.—  He  was  boru  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


91 


Halifax  County,  Virginia,  December  27, 
1799;  was  educated  at  Princeton.  College, 
and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820.  He  was 
a  Brigadier-General  of  Militia  at  the  age 
of  twenty-one ;  iu  182G  he  was  appointed 
a  District  Judge,  and  held  the  first  court 
ever  held  in  Columbus ;  was  appointed  to 
the  same  office  in  1829  ;  was  a  member  of 
"the  State  Senate  in  1834  and  1837;  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1839  to  1843,  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1843  to  1849.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Nashville  Convention  in 
1850 ;  and  he  died  at  Macon,  Georgia,  May 
7,  1855. 

Colston,  Edward. — Born  in  Berke 
ley  County,  Virginia,  in  1788,  and  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  1806.  He 
served  for  a  long  time  as  Magistrate  of 
the  County,  and  in  the  capacity  of  High 
Sheriff;  was  frequently  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature ;  and  was  a  Represent- 
tivein  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1817 
to  1819.  He  died  April  23,  1851. 

Comegi/s,  Joseph  P. — Son  of  Cor 
nelius  P.  Comegys,  formerly  Governor  of 
the  State  of  Deleware ;  was  born  in  St. 
Joue's  Neck,  at  Cherbourg,  near  Dover, 
Delaware,  December  29,  1813;  was  edu 
cated  at  Dover  Academy.  In  May,  1831, 
entered  the  office  of  J.  M.  Clayton,  as  a 
student  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  iu  1835;  elected  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  State  in 
1842  and  1848.  In  January,  1851,  was  ap 
pointed  by  the  General  Assembly  one  of  a 
Committee  of  three  to  revise  the  Statutes 
of  the  State.  In  November,  1856,  was 
chosen  by  the  Governor  to  fill  the  vacancy 
in  the  United  States  Senate  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  John  M.  Clayton.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  National  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Comins,  lAnus  B.—  Born  in  Charl- 
ton,  Massachusetts,  in  1817;  graduated  at 
the  "Worcester  County  Manual  Labor  High 
School ; "  and  was  devoted  to  mercantile 
business,  and  to  manufacturing.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Roxbury  City  Council  in 
1846,  and  in  1847  and  1848  President  of  the 
Council.  In  1854  he  was  Mayor  of  Rox 
bury,  and  having  been,  soon  after,  elected 
to  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  con 
tinued  in  that  position  to  the  close  of  the 
Thirty-tifth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Commerce. 

Comstoclc,  Oliver  C. — He  was  bi-ed 
a  Baptist  minister,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  Assembly  in  1810  and  1812, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
that  State,  from  1813  to  1819.  He  subse 
quently  officiated  as  Chaplain  of  the  House 
of  Representatives ;  and  died  at  Marshall, 
Michigan,  January  11,  I860,  aged  seventy- 
six  years. 


Conflict,  John.— He  was  born  in 
1755;  was  a  soldier  and  surgeon  during 
the  Revolutionary  war.  He  was  a  mjem- 
ber  of  the  New  Jersey  Legislature  for 
several  years ;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1799  to  1803 ; 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1803  to  1817; 
and  again  a  Representative  during  the 
years  1819  and  1820.  He  died  May  4^  1834. 

Condict,  Lewis. — Born  at  Morris- 
town,  New  Jersey,  in  March,  1773,  and 
was  a  physician  of  eminence.  From  1805. 
to  1810  he  was  a  member  of  the  New 
Jersey  Legislature,  the  two  latter  years 
officiating  as  Speaker;  in  1807 was  a  Com 
missioner  for  settling  the  boundary  be 
tween  New  York  and  New  Jersey;  and 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1811  to  1817  and  from  1821  to  1833.  In 
1841  he  was  also  a  Presidential  Electoi-. 
He  was  also  at  one  time  Sheriff  of  Morris 
County,  and  died  at  Morristowu,  New 
Jersey,  May  26,  1862. 

Condit,  Silas. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1781  to  1784;  and  his  son 
bearing  the  same  name  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  the  Federal  Congress. 

Condlt,  Silas.— Born  in  New  Jersey 
in  1777;  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1795;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1831  to 
1833.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  formed  the  State  Constitution 
of  1844;  for  many  years  President  of  the 
Newark  Banking  Company,  and  was  fre 
quently  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  New 
Jersey.  Died  at  Newark,  New  Jersey, 
November  29,  1861. 

Conger,    Harmon   S. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1847  to  1851.  His  native 
State  was  Connecticut. 

Conger,  James  L.— He  was  born 
in  New  Jersey,  and,  on  removing  to  Mich 
igan,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Con7cling,  Alfred.— He  was  born  in 
East  Hampton,  Suffolk  County,  New 
York,  October  12,  1789;  graduated  at 
Union  College;  studied  law,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1812;  was  District  Attorney 
for  Montgomery  County  for  two  or  three 
years;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  New  York  to  the  Seventeenth  Con 
gress.  He  then  settled  in  Albany,  and  in 
1825  was  appointed  by  President  Adams 
Judge  of  the  United  States  for  the  North 
ern  District  of  New  York,  his  nomination 
having  been  unanimously  confirmed  by 
the  Senate.  While  upon  the  bench  he 
wrote  two  law-books  that  were  much 
needed  by  the  profession ;  one  of  them 
entitled  "  Conkling's  Treatise,"  and  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


other  "  Conkling's  Admiralty."  In  1852 
he  was  appointed  by  President  Fillmore 
Minister  to  Mexico,  and  on  his  return  from 
that  mission  he  settled  at  Gcnesee,  New 
York,  and  devoted  himself  mainly  to  lit 
erary  pursuits,  including  the  preparation 
and  publication  of  -new  editions  of  his 
law-books.  In  1867  he  published  a  work 
on  "The  Powers  of  the  Executive  De 
partments  of  the  United  States."  Two 
of  his  sous  were  Kepresentatives  in  Con 
gress. 

ConJclinff,  Frederick  A. — He  was 

born  in  Montgomery  County,  New  York, 
August  22,  18 1G;  was  bred  a  merchant, 
and  has  followed  that  occupation  in  the 
City  of  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  New  York  in  1854,  1859,  and 
I860;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Thirt}--seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Naval  Affairs. 

ConJcling,  JRoscoe. — Was  born  in 
Albany  in  1828 ;  received  a  good  educa 
tion;  adopted  the  profession  of  law;  in 
1849  he  was  appointed  District  Attorney 
for  Oneida  County ;  in  1858  he  was  elected 
Mayor  of  Utica,  to  which  place  he  had 
removed  in  1846;  and  at  the  close  of 
1858  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
the  District  of  Columbia;  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  a  Bankrupt 
Law,  and  also  as  Chairman  of  that  on  the 
District  of  Columbia;  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress.  His  father,  Al 
fred  Conkling,  and  his  brother,  Fred 
erick  A.,  were  also  Representatives  in 
Congress.  In  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress  he  served  on  the  Committees  on 
Ways  and  Means  and  Reconstruction.  He 
was  re-elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  but  in  January,  1867, 
was  chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  the 
term  ending  in  1873,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Appropriations,  the  Judiciary, 
and  Mines  and  Mining.  He  was  also 
President  of  the  Republican  State  Conven 
tion  of  1867. 

Conner,  Samuel  £.— He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1806;  was  a  Lieutenant-Colonel  in 
the  United  States  Army  in  1812  (18th  In 
fantry)  ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1815  to  1817. 
He  also  held  the  office  of  Surveyor-Gene 
ral  in  Ohio  in  1819.  He  died  at  Coving- 
ton,  Kentucky,  December  17,  1820. 

Conness,  John. — He  was  born  in  Ire 
land,  September  20,  1821,  but  came  to  this 
country  when  thirteen  years  of  age ;  was 
among  the  first  emigrants  to  California, 
where  he  became  engaged  in  mining  and 
mercantile  pursuits.  In  1852  he  was  elect 


ed  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
re-elected  three  times.  In  1859  he  was  can 
didate  for  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Califor 
nia,  and  in  1861  a  candidate  for  Governor 
of  the  Union  Democratic  party.  In  1863 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
California,  for  the  term  ending  in  1869,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Finance  and  the 
Pacific  Railroad;  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Mines  and  Mining,  and  as  a  mem 
ber  also  of  that  on  Post  Offices  and  Post 
Roads.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Phil 
adelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Connor,  Henry  W. — Born  in  Prince 
George  County,  Virginia,  in  August,  1793  ; 
educated  at  the  University  of  South  Caro 
lina,  where  he  graduated  in  1812;  in  1814 
he  was  Aide-de-camp  to  General  Joseph 
Graham  in  the  Creek  war;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1821  to  1841,  when  he  declined 
a  re-election;  and  having,  in  1848,  served 
in  the  General  Assembly,  he  also  declined 
a  re-election  to  that  office,  and  retired  to 
private  life.  Died  in  North  Carolina,  Jan 
uary  15,  1866. 

Conrad,  Charles  M. — He  was  born 
in  Winchester,  Virginia,  and  when  an  in 
fant  went  with  his  father,  first  to  Missis 
sippi,  and  then  to  Louisiana,  where  he  lias 
since  resided.  In  1828  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  New  Orleans;  served  a 
number  of  years  in  the  State  Legislature; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress  in  1842  and 
1843;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  in  1844 ;  and  a  Repre- 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Louisiana, 
from  1849  to  August,  1850,  when  he  be 
came  Secretary  of  War  under  President 
Fillmore.  Served  in  the  Southern  Re 
bellion  as  a  Brigadier-General. 

Conrad,    Frederick.  — He    was   a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  fron  1803  to  1807. 

Conrad,  John.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pensylvauia, 
from  1813  to  1815. 

Constable,  Albert. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Contee,  Benjamin.— He  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1787 
and  1788,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Maryland,  from  1789  to 
1791.  He  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for 
locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac. 

Comvay,  Henry  W.— He  was  born 
in  Greene  County,  Tennessee,  and  was  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Arkansas,  from  1823  to  1829. 

Conway,  Martin  F.—Was  born  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


93 


Charleston,  South  Carolina,  about  the  year 
1830;  removed  to  Baltimore  in  his  four 
teenth  year;  was  bred  a  printer;  followed 
that  business  for  a  time,  and  took  part  in 
originating  the  National  Typographical 
Union.  He  subsequently  studied  law  and 
practised  for  several  years  ;  went  to  Kan 
sas  in  1854,  and  was  elected  to  the  Council 
of  the  first  Territorial  Legislature.  Under 
the  Topeka  Convention  he  was  chosen 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court.  In 
185(5  he  was  President  of  the  Leavenworth 
Constitutional  Convention  ;  and  in  1859 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Kansas,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Indian  Af 
fairs. 


,  Burton  C,  —  Born  in  Monroe 
County,  New  York,  May  11,  1819  ;  received 
a  collegiate  education  ;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law;  elected  State  Attorney  for 
the  Ninth  Circuit,  in  1846,  for  two  years 
by  the  Legislature  ;  re-elected  in  1848  for 
four  years  by  the  people  ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  from  1852  to  1860,  and 
in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  the  Judici 
ary.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Elections 
and  Niagara  Ship  Canal,  and  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals. 

CooJc,  Daniel  P.  —  He  was  born  in 
Scott  County,  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Illinois, 
from  1820  to  1827,  and  filled  with  great 
ability  his  duties  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  of  Ways  and  Means.  By  such 
men  as  Mr.  Calhoun  and  Judge  McLean 
he  was  considered  a  man  of  remarkable 
talents.  He  died  at  the  age  of  thirty-two 
years,  in  October,  1827. 

CooJc,  John  P.  —  He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and,  on  taking  up  his  residence  in 
Iowa,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Cook,  Orchard.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1805  to  1811.  He  was  a  mer 
chant  by  occupation,  and  for  some  years 
Sheriff  of  Lincoln  County. 

CooJc,  Thomas  B.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1811  to  1813,  and  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  that  State  in  1838  and  1839. 

Coolc,  Zadoclc.  —  Born  in  1769;  was 
frequently  in  the  Legislature  of  Georgia; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1817  to  1819.  His  memory  is  said  to  have 
been  remarkable,  as  he  could,  after  read 
ing  a  chapter  in  the  Bible,  repeat  the  same 
from  beginning  to  end.  In  1854  he  was 
still  living. 


CooJce,  Bate. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1831  to  1833.  At  one  time,  from  1839  to 
1841,  he  held  the  office  of  Comptroller  of 
New  York,  and,  was  also  a  Bank  Commis 
sioner  in  1840.  Died  in  1841. 

Coolie,  EleutJieros.—TSorn  in  Gran- 
ville,  Washington  County,  New  York, 
December  25, 1787.  He  received  a  liberal 
education,  and  having  studied  law,  prac 
tised  it  with  success  both  in  New  York 
and  Ohio  until  1830.  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1831 
to  1833;  served  for  many  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  that  State,  before  and  after 
entering  Congress ;  and  though  ostensibly 
living  in  retirement,  he  was  for  many 
years  very  frequently  called  upon  to  ad 
dress  the  citizens  of  Ohio  on  topics  of  a 
varied  nature,  on  account  of  his  populari 
ty  as  an  orator.  Died  at  Samlusky,  Ohio, 
December  27,  18G5.  He  was  the  father  of 
the  distinguished  banker,  Jay  Cooke. 

CooJce,  Joseph  P. — He  was  born  in 
1730;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1750; 
was  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the 
Continental  Congress  from  1784  to  1788; 
and  died  at  Danbury,  Connecticut,  in  1816. 

Cooper,  Edmund.—  He  was  born  in 
Franklin,  Williams  County,  Tennessee, 
September  1 1, 1821 ;  graduated  at  Jackson 
College  in  1839 ;  read  law  and  attended 
lectures  at  Harvard  University  and  settled 
in  the  practice  of  the  profession  in  Bed 
ford  Count}';  in  1849  he  was  elected  to 
the  Tennessee  Legislature ;  was  elected  a 
"Union  Delegate"  to  the  State  Conven 
tion  proposed  in  1861 ;  was  again  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature  in  1865,  but  re 
signed  on  being  elected  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  taking  his  seat  near  the  close  of 
the  first  session,  and  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  the  Murders  in  South  Carolina 
and  on  Territories.  In  November,  1867, 
he  was  appointed  Assistant  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury. 

Cooper,  George  B. — Born  at  Long 
Hill,  Morris  County,  New  Jersey,  June  6, 
1808 ;  received  a  good  common-school 
education;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1830; 
served  in  the  two  houses  of  the  State 
Legislature ;  served  two  terms  as  State 
Treasurer  of  Michigan ;  held  the  position 
of  Postmaster  at  Jackson  for  eleven  years, 
which  he  resigned  when  chosen  Treas 
urer  ;  and  was  elected  a  Repi'csentative, 
from  Michigan,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress.  His  seat,  however,  was  contested 
by  William  A.  Howard,  and  before  tha 
close  of  the  first  session  the  latter  was 
admitted. 

Cooper,  James.  —  He  was  born  in 
Frederick  County,  Maryland,  May  8,  1810. 
He  commenced  his  education  at  the  com- 


94 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


mon  schools  of  the  county,  spent  some 
little  time  at  St.  Mary's  College,  and 
graduated  at  Washington  College,  Penn 
sylvania.  He  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  Pennsylvania  in  1834 ; 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  in  1838,  and  re-elected 
in  1840;  in  1843  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature,  and  re-elected  in  1844, 
1846,  and  1848,  serving  in  1847  as  Speaker; 
in  1848  he  was  appointed  Attorney-Gen 
eral  of  Pennsylvania,  and  in  1849  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  the  term 
of  six  years.  During  his  service  in  Con 
gress  his  health  was  feeble,  so  that  he 
could  not  participate  in  the  debates  of  the 
Senate  to  the  extent  that  he  desired,  and 
on  his  return  to  Pennsylvania  settled  in 
Philadelphia  and  subsequently  in  Freder 
ick,  Maryland.  He  afterwards  became  a 
Brigadier-General  in  the  army,  and  died 
at  Columbus,  Ohio,  March  28,  1863. 

Cooper,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1776. 

Cooper,  flfarJc  A. — He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841, 
and  again  from  1842  to  1843. 

Cooper,    Richard   M.  —  Born    in 

Gloucester  County,  New  Jersey;  was  a 
member  of  the  Society  of  Friends ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  Jersey,  from  1829  to  1833.  He  also 
served  in  the  Legislature,  and  was  Presi 
dent  of  the  State  Bank  at  Camden.  Died 
March  10,  1844,  aged  seventy-six  years. 

Cooper,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Delaware, 
from  1813  to  1817. 

Cooper,  Thomas  B. — He  was  born 
in  Cooperstown,  Lehigli  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  December  29,  1823 ;  was  educated 
at  Pennsylvania  College  at  Gettysburg, 
and  also  at  the  University  of  Pennsylva 
nia,  where  he  graduated  in  1843;  and 
having  adopted  the  profession  of  a  physi 
cian,  he  was  successful  therein.  He  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  for  the  term  ending 
in  1863,  but  died  at  Cooperstown,  April 
4,  1862,  during  the  second  session  of  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress. 

Cooper,  William.  —  Born  in  New 
Jersey;  and  having  removed  to  Otsego 
County,  New  York,  became  the  founder 
of  Cooperstown.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1795  to  1797,  and  again  from  1799  to  1801. 
He  was  the  father  of  the  eminent  author, 
James  Fenimore  Cooper. 

Cooper,  W.  K.— He  was  a  Represent 


ative    in    Congress,    from    New   Jersey, 
from  1839  to  1841. 

Corbett,  Henry  W.—  He  was  born 
in  Westborougli,  Massachusetts,  February 
18,  1827.  When  quite  young,  he  removed 
to  Washington  County,  New  York;  was 
educated  chiefly  at  the  Cambridge  Acad 
emy  in  that  County ;  when  sixteen  years 
of  age  he  removed  to  New  York  City, 
where  he  remained  nearly  eight  years,  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits.  In  1830  he 
shipped  a  stock  of  goods  to  Portland,  in 
Oregon,  and  removed  to  that  Territory  in 
the  following  year,  where  he  has  since 
followed  the  mercantile  business.  He 
took  an  active  part  in  politics,  and  was 
identified  with  the  organization  of  the 
Republican  and  Union  parties  in  the 
State;  was  a  Delegate  from  Oregon  to 
the  Chicago  Convention  which  nominated 
Abraham  Lincoln  for  the  Presidency,  and 
in  186G  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Oregon,  for  the  term  com 
mencing  in  18G7  and  ending  in  1873,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Commerce, 
Indian  Afl'airs,  and  District  of  Columbia. 

Cornell,  EzeJclel.—lle  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  from  1780  to  1783. 

Cornell,  TJiomas.—lle  was  born  at 
White  Plains,  Westchester  County,  New 
York,  January  27,  1814;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  has  been  engaged 
in  the  business  of  transportation  and 
banking,  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  New  York  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Roads  and  Canals,  and  Educa 
tion  and  Labor. 

Corning,  Erastus.—'Born  in  Nor 
wich,  Connecticut,  December  14,  1794. 
When  thirteen  years  of  age  he  went  to 
Troy,  New  York,  and  entered  the  hard 
ware  store  of  his  uncle,  Benjamin  Smith, 
the  bulk  of  whose  property  he  subse 
quently  inherited.  In  1S14  he  removed  to 
Albany,  and  continued  in  the  same  busi 
ness,  establishing  the  well-known  house, 
still  in  existence,  of  Erastus  Corning  & 
Co.  His  first  public  position  was  that  of 
Alderman  of  the  city  of  Albany;  from 
that  he  was  promoted  to  Mayor,  which 
office  he  held  for  three  years.  He  was 
also  for  several  years  an  influential  Rail 
road,  Bank,  and  Canal  Company  Presi 
dent;  for  several  terms  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Naval  Af 
fairs.  In  1860  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Ways  and  Means ;  and  was 
also  a  member  of  the  Peace  Congress  of 
1861.  Re-elected  in  1862  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  but  resigned  on  account 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


95 


of  his  health.  In  1833  he  was  a  Regent 
of  the  University  of  New  York,  and  he 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  1867. 

Corwin,  Moses  B. — He  was  born  in 
Bourbon  County,  Kentucky,  January  5, 
1790;  spent  his  boyhood  on  a  farm  in 
Ohio ;  received  a  good  education ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1812.  In  1838  and  1839  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature ; -and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1849  to 
1851,  and  from  1853  to  1855,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  the  Post 
Office  Department. 

Corwin,  Thomas-. — Born  in  Bour 
bon  County,  Kentucky,  July  29,  1794. 
Rising  from  humble  life,  he  became  dis 
tinguished  as  a  lawyer,  having  come  to 
the  bar  in  1817;  was  elected  to  the  Ohio 
Legislature  in  1822,  and  afterwards  a 
Representative  to  Congress,  from  the 
Warren  District,  in  1831.  He  continued 
a  member  of  the  House  until  1840;  was 
chosen  Governor  of  Ohio  in  October  of 
thnt  year;  and  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1844.  He  was  Governor  but  two  years, 
Wilson  Shannon  succeeding  him  in  1842. 
The  Whigs  having  a  majority  in  the  Leg 
islature  of  Ohio  in  1845,  elected  him 
a  United  States  Senator,  which  office  he 
held  till  his  appointment  in  the  cabinet, 
in  1850,  as  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
tinder  President  Fillmore.  He  was  long 
known  in  Congress  as  an  advocate  of  the 
Whig  measures  of  policy.  As  a  stump 
speaker  and  before  a  jury,  his  eloquence 
was  singularly  effective.  In  October, 
1858,  he  ^vas  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  for  the  term  com 
mencing  in  1859 ;  and  during  that  year  a 
volume  of  his  Speeches  was  published. 
He  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs,  and  of  the  Special  Com 
mittee  of  Thirty-three,  in  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  on  the  Rebellious  States. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  but  in  1801  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Lincoln  Minister  to  Mexico.  After 
his  return  from  Mexico  ho  resided  in 
Washington,  where  he  died  December  18, 
1805.  His  Life  and  Speeches  were  pub 
lished  in  1859,  edited  by  Isaac  Strohm. 

Cotteral,  J.  L.  T. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Alabama, 
from  1846  to  1847. 

Cottman,  Joseph  S.—  Born  in  Som 
erset  County  Maryland,  August  10,  1803; 
received  a  classical  education;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1826;  served  in  the  Mary 
land  Legislature ;  was  a  Presidential  Elec 
tor  in  1849 ;  and  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  1851  to  1853.  Died  in  Somerset 
County,  Maryland,  in  18G3. 

Coulter f    Richard,  —  He    attained 


eminence  as  a  lawyer,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1827  to  1835,  and  died  in  Westmore 
land  County,  Pennsylvania,  April  21, 1852. 
At  the  time  of  his  death,  he  was  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania. 

Covington,    Leonard.  —  He   was 

born  at  Aquasco,  Prince  George  County, 
Maryland,  October  30,  1768.  In  1793  he 
obtained  from  General  Washington  the 
commission  of  Lieutenant  of  Dragoons, 
and  joined  the  army  under  General 
Wayne ;  he  distinguished  himself  at  Fort 
Recovery  and  the  battle  of  Miami,  and 
was  honorably  mentioned  in  the  official 
report  of  General  Wayne.  After  the  war 
he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Captain, 
by  Washington,  in  1794,  and  retired  to  the 
pursuits  of  agriculture.  He  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  Legislature  of 
Maryland,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1805  to  1807.  He  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Jefferson,  in  1809,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  a  regiment  of  cavalry,  and  in 
1810  was  in  command  at  Fort  Adams,  oil 
the  Mississippi,  and  took  possession  of 
Baton  Rouge,  and  a  portion  of  West 
Florida.  In  1813  he  was  ordered  to  the 
Northern  frontier,  and  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Madison  Brigadier-General.  At  the 
battle  of  Williamsburg  he  received  a 
mortal  wound  while  animating  his  men, 
and  leading  them  to  the  charge,  and  died 
at  French  Mills,  November  13,  1813,  two 
days  after  his  fall.  His  remains  were 
removed  to  Sackett's  Harbor,  August  13, 
1820,  and  the  place  of  his  burial  is  now 
known  as  Mount  Covington.  He  had  the 
reputation  of  being  one  of  the  best  offi 
cers  in  the  service. 

Covode,  John. — Born  in  Westmore 
land  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  17, 
1808 ;  a  farmer  and  manufacturer  by  occu 
pation,  and  extensively  engaged  in  the 
coal  business.  He  was  elected,  from 
Pennsylvania,  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Public  Expenditures.  He  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and 
was  made  Chairman  of  a  Special  Com 
mittee  appointed  to  investigate  certain 
charges  made  against  President  Buchanan 
and  his  administration.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Expenditures.  Was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
1866 ;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  the 
Pacific  Railroad,  and  Chairman  of  that  on 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

Coivan,  Edgar.  —  He  was  born  in. 
Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania,  Sep 
tember  19,  1815.  After  spending  one 
year  at  Franklin  College,  Ohio,  he  gradu- 


96 


BIOGKAPIIICAL    EECOEDS. 


ated  at  that  institution  in  1839.  While 
yet  a  mere  boy  he  was  thrown  upon  his 
own  resources  for  a  support,  and  until 
1842  followed  various  employments,  hav 
ing  been  a  clerk,  boat-builder,  school 
master,  and  a  student  of  medicine.  He 
subsequently  studied  law,  aud  practised 
the  profession  until  18G1,  when  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  for  the  term  ending  in  1867, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Judi 
ciary  and  Enrolled  Bills,  aud  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Patents  and  the 
Patent  Office,  aud  those  on  Finance  and 
Agriculture.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
the  National  Committee  appointed  to  ac 
company  the  remains  of  President  Lin 
coln  to  Illinois.  In  I860  he  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector,  aud  he  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "National  Union  Con 
vention  "  of  18G6,  and  in  January,  1867, 
he  was  appointed  by  President  Johnson 
Minister  to  Austria,  but  was  not  con 
firmed. 

Cowen,  Benjamin  S.— He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  18-11  to  1843. 

Coivles,  Henri/  B. — Born  at  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut,  March  18, 1798.  When 
eleven  years  old  he  removed  to  Duchess 
County,  New  York,  with  his  father,  and 
graduated  at  Union  College  in  1816.  He 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1819 ;  in  1826, 1827,  and  1828,  he  served 
as  a  member  of  the  New  York  Legisla 
ture,  from  Putnam  County,  and  during  his 
first  term  was  Chairman  of  the  Select 
Committee  raised  to  investigate  the  "  As- 
tor  Claim ;  "  and  he  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1829 
to  1831.  In  1834  he  took  up  his  residence 
in  the  City  of  New  York,  Avhere  he  con 
tinued  in  the  practice  of  his  profession. 

Cox,  James. — He  was  a  native  of 
Moumouth  County,  New  Jersey,  having 
been  born  in  1753;  several  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  Speaker 
of  the  Assembly ;  commanded  a  company 
of  Militia  in  the  Revolution,  having  been 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  Germantovvn 
and  Monmouth ;  was  subsequently  a  Brig 
adier-General  of  Militia ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
during  the  years  1809  and  1810.  Died 
September  12,  1810. 

Cox,  Leander  3f. — He  was  born  in 
Virgiuia,  and  removing  to  Kentucky,  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  that  State, 
to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth 

Congresses. 

Cox,  Samuel  S.—  He  was  born  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio;  graduated  at  Brown 
University;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law,  and  was  also  an  editor  in  Ohio.  He 
was  appointed  Secretary  of  Legation  to 


Peru  in  1855 ;  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Claims.  As  an  author,  he  published  a 
book  of  foreign  travel  called  "  The  Buck 
eye  Abroad,"  and  on  literary  topics  is  an 
occasional  lecturer.  He  was  elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  same  Committee. 
He  was  also  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian 
Institution,  to  serve  until  December, 
1865,  and  a  Delegate  to  the  "Chicago 
Convention"  in  1864.  On  his  retirement 
from  Congress  he  settled  in  the  City  of 
New  York,  and  in  1865  published  a  politi 
cal  work  entitled  "  Eight  Years  in  Con 
gress."  He  was  a  Delegate,  also,  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  18G6. 

Coxe,  William. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1813  to  1815;  served  in  the  State 
Legislature,  and  was  chosen  Speaker  of 
the  Assembly;  and  died  in  Burlington. 

Crabb,  George  W. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Alabama,  from  1839  to 
1841, 

Crabb,  Jeremiah. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1795  to  1796. 

Cradlebauffh,  J"o7m.—He  was  born 
in  Ohio,  and  elected  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Nevada  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 

Crafts,  Samuel  C.—lle  was  born  in 
Windham  County,  Connecticut ;  and  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  University  in  1790.  His 
father  effected  the  settlement  of  Crafts- 
bury,  Vermont,  and  upon  the  organization 
of  the  town,  in  1792,  Mr.  Samuel  C.  Crafts 
was  chosen  Town  Clerk,  and  held  the  office 
for  thirty-seven  successive  years.  He  was 
the  youngest  Delegate  to  the  Convention 
for  revising  the  State  Constitution  in  1793. 
In  1796,  1800,  1801,1803,  and  1805,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  of  the  State.  From  1796  to 
1815  he  was  Register  of  Probate  for  Or 
leans  District.  In  1798  and  1799  he  was 
Clerk  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 
From  1809  to  1812,  and  from  18_>5  to  1827, 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Coun 
cil,  lu  1800  he  was  appointed  a  Judge  of 
Orleans  County  Court,  and  remained  such 
till  1816,  during  the  last  six  years  as  Chief 
Judge.  From  1825  to  1828  he  was  again 
Chief  Judge,  and  from  1836  to  1838  Clerk 
of  the  Court.  In  1816  he  was  elected  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  and  served  for 
that  and  the  three  succeeding  terras,  — 
that  is,  from  1817  to  1825,  inclusive.  la 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


1828  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Vermont, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1829  and  1830.    In 

1829  he  was  President  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention.    In   1842  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  Governor  Paine,  and  after 
wards  elected  by  the  Legislature,  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress  for  the  unexpirecl  term  of 
one  year.     He  thus  lilled  every  office  in 
the  gift  of  Vermont.    He  died  in  Crafts- 
bury,  Vermont,  November  19,  1853,  aged 
eighty-four  years. 

Cragin,  Aaron  JET.— Born  in  Wes- 
tou,  Vermont,  February  3,  1821 ;  adverse 
circumstances  prevented  him  from  obtain 
ing  a  collegiate  education;  but  having 
studied  law,  came  to  the  bar  in  Albany, 
New  York,  in  1847,  and  the  same  year  re 
moved  to  Lebanon,  New  Hampshire,  and 
practised  his  profession.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  Hampshire  Legislature 
from  1852  to  1855 ;  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Revolutionary  Claims  and  Printing. 
He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  same  Committees. 
In  1851)  he  was  again  elected  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature ;  and  in  I860  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "Chicago  Convention" 
which  nominated  Abraham  Lincoln.  In 
18C4  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  for  the  term  of  six 
years  from  1865,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Naval  Affairs,  Territories,  the  Pa 
cific  Railroad,  and  Engrossed  Bills ;  and 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1866.  He  was 
subsequently  made  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Contingent  Expenses  of  the 
Senate. 

Craig,  Hector  » — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1823  to  1825,  and  again  from  1829  to  1830. 

Craig,  James. — Born  in  Pennsylva 
nia  ;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Missouri  Legislature  in 
1847 ;  was  a  Captain  of  a  Volunteer  Com 
pany  in  the  Mexican  war;  Circuit  Attor 
ney  for  the  Twelfth  Judicial  Circuit  in 
Missouri  from  1852  to  1856;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  from  Missouri,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads.  He 
was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads. 

Craig,  Robert.— He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to  1833, 
and  again  from  1835  to  1841. 

Craige,  Burton.— Born  in  Rowan 
County,  North  Carolina,  March  13,  1811; 
graduated  at  Chapel  Hill  in  1829 ;  is  a  law 
yer  by  profession ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1832  and  1834 ;  and 
7 


was  elected  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Judiciary  Com 
mittee;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Revolutionary  Pensions.  He  took  part  in 
the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a  member  of  the 
Confederate  Congiess. 

CraiJc,  William. — He  was  a  Repi  e- 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1796  to  1801. 

Cramer ',  John. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1833  to  1837 ;  having  been  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1805,  elected  to  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1821,  and  having 
served  three  years  in  the  Assembly  and 
three  years  in  the  Senate  of  the  State  of 
New  York. 

Crane,  Joseph  If. — Born  in  Eliza- 
bethtown,  New  Jersey;  studied  law;  was 
for  many  years  President  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1829  to  1837 ;  and  died  at  Dayton,  Ohio, 
November  12,  1852,  aged  seventy  years. 

Crane,  Stephen. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1774  to  1776. 

Cranston,  Henry  I".— Born  in  New 
port,  Rhode  Island,  October  9,  1789;  re 
ceived  a  limited  education ;  worked  at  a 
trade  for  five  years  from  the  age  of  twelve, 
then  commenced  the  business  of  commis 
sion  merchant ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  three  years.  In  1818 
he  was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas,  and  held  the  office  until  1833 ; 
he  was  for  twenty-five  years  annually 
elected  Moderator  for  the  town  of  New 
port  ;  was  a  member  of  the  several  Con 
ventions  for  framing  and  remodeling  the 
State  Constitution,  and  was  Vice-President 
of  the  Convention  in  1842.  From  1827  to 
1843  he  was  a  member  of  the  lower  branch 
of  the  Legislature,  aud  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1843  to  1847,  when 
he  was  returned  to  the  Legislature,  and 
was  several  times  Speaker  of  that  body, 
until  1854,  after  which  time  he  lived  in  re 
tirement.  Died  at  Newport,  February  ]  2, 
1864. 

Cranston,  Robert  J3.— He  was  born 
in  Rhode  Island,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1843,  and  again  from  1847  to  1849. 
In  1864  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Crary,  Isaac  E.— He  was  born  in 
Preston,  New  London  County,  Connecti 
cut;  received  a  good  English  education; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  re 
moved  to  the  Territory  of  Michigan ;  was 
there  appointed  a  General  of  Militia ;  was 


98 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


elected  a  Delegate  to  Congress  from  the 
Territory  in  1835  and  183G;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  the  time  of  its  admission  into 
the  Union  in  1836  to  1841.  He  died  in 
Marshall,  Michigan,  May  8,  1854. 

Cravens,  James  A. — Born  in  Rock- 
ingham  County,  Virginia,  November  4, 
1818;  removed  with  his  father  to  Indiana 
in  1820;  spent  his  boyhood  in  Washington 
County,  where  he  received  a  common- 
school  education,  and  devoted  much  of  his 
life  to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  especially 
to  the  raising  of  the  best  breeds  of  cattle. 
In  1841  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector.  He 
served  as  a  Major  in  the  Mexican  war  un 
der  General  Taylor,  and  was  present  at  the 
battle  of  Buena  Vista.  In  1848  and  1849 
he  Avas  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Indi 
ana;  in  1850  elected  to  the  State  Senate, 
serving  three  years ;  in  1854  he  was  com 
missioned  a  Brigadier-General  of  Militia; 
frequently  presided  over  the  Board  of 
School  Trustees  for  his  township;  was 
Vice-President  and  President  of  the  Wash 
ington  and  Orange  Counties  Agricultural 
Societies ;  in  1859  he  was  appointed  by  the 
Legislature  of  Indiana  to  the  important 
position  of  Agent  for  the  State,  which  he 
resigned,  and  in  1860  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Indiana,  to  the  Thir 
ty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Territories.  He  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Territories. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Cravens,  James  JET.—  He  was  born 
in  Rockingham  County,  Virginia,  in  1798 ; 
in  early  life  removed  to  Indiana,  and  set 
tled  in  Ripley  County ;  held  a  number  of 
important  local  offices  in  the  State ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Indiana,  from  1841  to  1843.  He  was  sub 
sequently  a  candidate  of  the  Free-soil  par 
ty  for  the  office  of  Governor,  but  was  un 
successful  ;  and  he  served  as  Colonel  of  an 
Indiana  regiment  during  the  war  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Rebellion. 

Crawford,  George  IT.— Born  in 
Columbia  County,  Georgia,  December  22, 
1798.  He  graduated  at  Princeton  in  1820 ; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  the  practice 
at  Augusta  in  1822.  In  1827  he  was  elect 
ed  Attorney-General,  and  continued  in  that 
office  until  1831 ;  he  was  in  the  State  Leg 
islature  from  1837  to  1842;  and  in  1843 
was  elected  to  Congress  to  fill  a  vacancy. 
He  was  elected  Governor  of  the  State  in 
1843,  and  re-elected  in  1845.  He  was  a 
member  of  President  Taylor's  Cabinet  as 
Secretary  of  War,  and  subsequently  vis 
ited  Europe,  after  which  time  he  lived  in 
retirement  in  Georgia.  . 

Cratvford,  Joe?.— Born  in  Columbia 


County,  Georgia,  June  15,  1783.  He  was 
educated  by  private  tutors ;  became  a  stu 
dent  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice 
in  1808.  In  1813  he  joined  the  army  of 
General  Floyd,  and  served  through  the 
whole  campaign  as  Aide-de-camp  to  the 
General.  After  the  war  he  resumed  the 
practice  of  his  profession;  served  three 
years  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1817  to  1821.  Died  April  5,  1858. 

Crawford,  Martin «/".-— He  was  born 
in  Jasper  County,  Georgia,  March  17, 1820; 
was  educated  at  the  Mercer  University ;  is 
a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Georgia  Legislature  from  1845  to 
1847.  In  1853  he  was  appointed  Judge  of 
the  Superior  Court  for  the  Chattahoochee 
Circuit,  and  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses, 
serving  in  the  last  on  the  Committees  on 
Ways  and  Means  and  Roads  and  Canals. 
He  was  also  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  still  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Ways  and  Means.  Withdrew  in  1861 
and  joined  the  great  Rebellion  of  that  year 
as  a  member  of  the  Rebel  Congress,  and 
was  a  Commissioner  to  Washington. 

Crawford,  Thomas  -H.  —  Born  at 
Chambersburg,  Pennsylvania,  November, 
14,  1786.  He  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1804 ;  studied  law  for  three  years, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807 ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1829  to  1833.  During 
the  last  year  named  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature;  in  1836  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Commissionerto  investigate  cer 
tain  alleged  frauds  in  the  purchase  of  the 
reservation  of  land  of  the  Creek  Indians; 
in  1838  he  was  appointed  by  President  Van 
Buren  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  and 
took  up  his  residence  in  Washington,  hold 
ing  that  office  for  seven  years ;  and  in  1845 
he  was  appointed  by  President  Polk,  Judge 
of  the  Criminal  Court  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  which  arduous  position  he  oc 
cupied  until  his  death,  which  took  place 
in  Washington,  January  27,  1863. 

Craivford,  William.— He  graduated 
at  Princeton  College,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1809  to  1817. 

Crawford,  William  JET.— Born  in 
Amherst  County,  Virginia,  February  24, 
1772,  and  with  his  father  settled  in  Georgia 
in  1783.  He  received  an  academical  edu 
cation,  and  subsequently  had  the  manage 
ment  of  Richmond  Academy.  He  studied 
law  and  took  a  high  position  as  a  lawyer, 
and  in  1799  was  appointed  to  prepare  a 
Digest  of  the  Laws  of  Georgia.  A  con 
spiracy  having  been  organized  to  drive 
him  from  the  bar,  he  was  challenged  by 
a  man  named  Van  Allen,  whom  he  killed 
at  the  first  fire.  He  served  four  years  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


99 


the  State  Legislature,  and  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1807  to 
1813,  and  during  a  part  of  the  Twelfth 
Congress  officiated  as  President  pro  tern. 
of  the  Senate.  President  Madison  invited 
him  into  his  cabinet  as  Secretary  of  War, 
but  he  declined  the  honor,  accepting,  in 
stead,  the  post  of  Minister  to  France,  in 
1813;  on  his  return,  however,  at  the  end 
of  two  years,  he  went  into  the  War  De 
partment.  In  1817  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Monroe,  Secretary  of  the  Treas 
ury,  where  he  served  with  marked  ability 
until  1825,  during  which  year  he  received 
a  flattering  vote  for  President  of  the 
United  States.  In  1827  he  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Northern  Circuit  of  Georgia, 
which  office  he  held  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  Albert  County,  Georgia,  Sep 
tember  15,  1834. 

Creighton,  William. — Born  iii 
Berkeley  County,  Virginia,  October  29, 
1778;  graduated  at  Dickinson  College 
when  quite  young;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  at  the  age  of  twenty ; 
and  in  1798  he  settled  in  Chillicothc,  Ohio, 
devoting  himself  to  his  profession,  and 
holding  many  positions  of  public  trust. 
He  was  the  first  Secretary  of  State  for 
Ohio ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1813  to  1817, 
and  again  from  1827  to  1833.  Died  at 
Chillicothe,  October  8,  1851,  having  for 
many  years  previously  declined  all  public 
office. 

Cresivell,  John  A.  «7.— Was  born  in 
Port  Deposit,  Cecil  County,  Maryland, 
November  18,  1828 ;  graduated  at  Dickin 
son  College,  Pennsylvania,  in  1848 ;  stud 
ied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  of  Maryland 
in  1850.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Mary 
land  House  of  Delegates  in  1861  and  1862. 
From  August,  1862,  to  April,  1863,  he  was 
an  Assistant  Adjutant-General  for  Mary 
land,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Maryland,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Com 
merce  and  Invalid  Pensions.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Baltimore  Conven 
tion  of  1864.  In  March,  1865,  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  the  un- 
expired  term  of  T.  H.  Hicks,  deceased, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Agriculture 
and  Mines  and  Mining,  and  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  the  Library.  By  re 
quest  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  he 
delivered  an  Eulogy  on  his  friend  and 
colleague  Henry  Winter  Davis,  on  the  22d 
of  February,  1866.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Con 
vention,"  of  1866  and  the  "  Border  States 
Convention,"  held  in  Baltimore  in  1867. 

Crisfield,  John  W.— Was  born  in 
Kent  County,  Maryland,  November  6, 
1808 ;  received  his  education  at  Washing- 
*on  College,  Chestertown;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830 ;  set 


tled  in  the  practice  of  his  profession,  in 
Somerset  County;  was  elected  to  the 
Maryland  Legislature  in  1836;  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary- 
laud,  from  1847  to  1849 ;  in  1850  he  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  ;  in  1S61  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Peace  Congress ;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  Maryland,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Public  Lands,  and  on  Public 
Expenditures.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention,"  of  1866. 

Crittenden,  John  J.—  He  was  born, 
in  Woodford  County,  Kentucky,  in  Sep 
tember,  1786.  When  quite  young  he  en 
tered  the  army,  and  during  the  war  of 
1812  served  as  Major  under  General  Hop 
kins,  in  his  expedition,  and  was  Aide-de 
camp  to  Governor  Shelby,  at  the  battle 
of  the  Thames.  After  adopting  the  pro 
fession  of  law,  he  served  a  number  of  years 
in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  chosen 
Speaker  of  the  House ;  he  entered  Con 
gress  as  a  member  of  the  Senate,  from 
Kentucky,  in  1817,  serving  then  but  two 
years.  From  1819  to  1835  he  continued  in 
the  practice  of  his  profession,  residing 
principally  at  Frankfort,  and  a;>ain  occa 
sionally  representing  his  county  in  the 
State  Legislature.  In  1835  he  was  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
continued  to  serve  in  that  body  until 
March,  1841,  when  he  was  appointed  At 
torney-General  by  President  Harrison.  In 
September,  1841,  he  resigned  with  the 
other  members  of  the  cabinet,  except  Mr. 
Webster,  and  retired  to  private  life,  from 
which,  however,  he  was  soon  called  by  the 
Legislature  to  resume  his  seat  in  the 
United  States  Senate,  in  1842,  in  the  place 
of  Henry  Clay,  resigned.  He  was  also 
elected  a  Senator  for  another  term  of  six 
years,  from  March,  1843;  but,  in  1848, 
having  received  the  Whig  nomination  for 
Governor  of  Kentucky,  he  retired  from 
the  Senate,  and  was  elected  to  that  office, 
which  he  held  until  his  appointment  as 
Attorney-General  by  President  Fillmore, 
in  July,  1850.  He  was  again  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  in  1855,  for  the 
term  ending  in  1861,  and  was,  when  he  re 
tired,  the  oldest  member  of  that  body.  He 
was  elected  in  1860  a  Representative,  from 
Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving,  as  he  had  always  done  in  the  Sen 
ate,  on  the  more  important  committees, 
and  a  Compromise  measure  which  he 
originated  has  passed  into  history  bearing 
his  name.  Died  at  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
July  25,  1863. 

Crocheron,  Henr »/.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1815  to  1817. 

Crocheron,  Jacob.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 


100 


BIOaEAPHICAL    BECOKDS. 


from  1829  to  1831.  In  1837  lie  was  a 
Presidential  Elector. 

CrocJcer,  Samuel  L.—  Was  born  in 
Taunton,  Massachusetts,  March  31,  1804; 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1822 ; 
held  various  municipal  oilices ;  and  iu  1849 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Executive 
Council  of  Massachusetts;  was  devoted 
to  the  manufacturing  business;  and  was 
a  Eepresentative,  from  Massachusetts,  to 
the  Thirty-third  Congress. 

CrocJcett,  David. —  Born  in  Greene 
County,  Tennessee,  August  17,  178G,  of 
Irish  descent,  his  father  having  fought  in 
the  'Revolutionary  war.  He  commenced 
the  active  duties  of  life  when  twelve  years 
old,  by  turning  drover,  and,  instead  of  go 
ing  to  school,  he  chose  the  fortunes  of  an 
adventurer.  lie  served  under  General 
Jackson,  in  some  of  the  Indian  wars,  as  a 
Colonel,  and  became  his  fast  friend.  He 
had  a  natural  bias  for  politics,  and  his 
smartness  and  eccentricities  made  him 
very  popular  on  the  frontiers,  and  caused 
him  to  be  elected  to  the  Legislature  of 
Tennessee.  He  was  fond  of  the  woods, 
and  had  no  equal  as  a  bear-hunter.  He 
was  elected  to  Congress,  in  1827,  from 
Tennessee,  and  served  until  1831,  and  then 
again  in  1833,  serving  until  1835.  While 
in  Washington  he  was  always  at  his  post 
of  duty,  never  forgetting  the  welfare  of 
his  constituents,  and  he  was  one  of  the 
most  popular  men  in  Congress.  The 
most  striking  features  of  his  disposition 
and  mind  were,  undoubtedly,  of  a  whim 
sical  character;  but  behind  these  there 
was  much  to  command  respect  and  admira 
tion.  He  told  stories  or  related  his  wild 
adventures  with  wonderful  effect.  He  was 
killed  at  the  Alamo,  Texas,  March  1, 
1836.  In  1833  he  published  a  '•  Tour  to  the 
North  and  Down  East,"  and  in  1847  ap 
peared  a  volume  about  him,  entitled 
"  Sketches  and  Eccentricities." 

CrocJzett,  John  W. — He  was  the  son 

of  the  celebrated  David  Crockett,  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1838  to  1843,  and  died  at  Memphis, 
November  24,  1852. 

Cross,  Edward. — He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and,  on  taking  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Arkansas,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1839  to  1845. 

Crouch,  Edward. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1813  to  1815. 

Crowell,  John.  — Born  in  Halifax 
County,  Alabama;  was  chosen  Delegate 
to  Congress  when  the  Territory  of  Ala 
bama  was  established  in  1817,  and  served 
till  1819,  when  the  State  Constitution  was 
formed,  -and  he  was  elected  first  Repre 


sentative  to  Congress,  serving  till  1821, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Private  Land  Claims.  Soon  afterwards 
he  was  appointed  Agent  for  the  Creek 
Indians,  then  inhabiting  large  portions  of 
Alabama  and  Georgia,  and  exercised  ex 
tensive  influence  over  them,  until  their 
removal  west  of  the  Mississippi,  in  1836. 
He  died  near  Fort  Mitchell,  Alabama,  June 
25,  184G. 

Crowell,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1847  to  1851, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Indian  Alfairs. 

Crowninshield,  Benjamin   W.— 

Born  in  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  iu 
1774.  He  filled  with  general  acceptance 
the  office  of  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  to 
which  he  was  appointed  in  December, 
1814.  by  President  Madison,  and  served 
until  his  resignation,  in  November,  1818. 
In  1820  he  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector. 
In  1823  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  the  Salem  District  of 
Massachusetts,  and  continued  in  that  po 
sition  until  1831.  He  died  in  Boston, 
February  8,  1851. 

Crowninshield,  Jacob.— He  was  a 

member  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature 
in  1801,  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1803  to  1805,  and  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Navy,  by  President  Jefferson,  March 
3,  1805.  Died  April  14,  1808. 

Crozier,  John  H.— He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847,  and  for  a  second  term,  ending  iu 
1849. 

Crudup,  Josiah. — He  was  born  in 
Wake  County,  North  Carolina ;  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1821  to  1823,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Private  Claims. 

Cruger,  Daniel. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  a  number  of 
years,  and  a  Representative  iu  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1817  to  1819. 

Crump,  George  William.— Born 
in  Powhatan  Count}',  Virginia ;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College ;  studied  medicine 
and  practised  the  profession;  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  Virginia, 
from  1826  to  1827,  in  the  place  of  John 
Randolph,  resigned.  From  1832  to  the 
time  of  his  death  in  1850  he  was  Chief 
.Clerk  of  the  Pension  Bureau  in  Washing 
ton. 

CulbretJi,  Thomas,— Born  in  Kent 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


101 


County  5  Delaware,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  iu  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1817  to  1821. 

Cullen,  Elislia  D.— He  was  born  in 
Delaware,  and  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress. 

Cullom,  Alvan. — He  was  a  native  of 
Kentucky ;  adopted  the  law  as  his  profes 
sion;  served  frequently  in  the  Legislature 
of  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1815 
to  1847.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Peace 
Congress  of  1861. 

Cullom,  Shelby  M. — He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  November  22,  1829 ;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  on  removing  to 
Illinois  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legis 
lature  in  1856 ;  re-elected  in  I860,  and 
chosen  Speaker;  was  a  member  of  the 
War  Commission  which  sat  in  Cairo  in 
1862 ;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Illinois,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Foreign  Affairs  and  Expenditures 
in  the  Treasury  Department.  Re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Territories. 

Cullom,  William. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1851  to  1855,  and  Clerk  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  during  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress. 

Culpepper,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Ansou  County,  North  Carolina,  and  rep 
resented  that  State  in  Congress  from  1807 
to  1808,  when  his  seat  was  vacated  by  res 
olution  of  the  House;  but  he  was  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  1813  to  1817, 
from  18 11)  to  1821,  and  from  1823  to  1825. 
He  was  a  Baptist  preacher,  and  elected 
to  the  General  Assembly ;  but  his  seat  was 
vacated  on  constitutional  grounds. 

Culver,  Charles  Vernon.— He  was 

born  in  Logan,  Ohio,  September  6,  1830; 
spent  the  most  of  his  life  actively  engaged 
in  business  pursuits,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Banking  and  Currency 
and  Expenditures  in  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment.  Having  been  unfortunate  in  busi 
ness  lie  was  prosecuted  in  1866  for  alleged 
illegal  practices,  but  after  a  prolonged 
trial  was  duly  acquitted  of  the  charges 
brought  against  him. 

Culver,  Erastus  D.— lie  was  born 
in  New  York;  graduated  at  the  University 
of  Vermont  in  1826 ;  served  in  the  Assem 
bly  of  New  York  in  1838  and  1841,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1845  to  1847. 


Cumbacfc,  William.— lie  was  born 
in  Franklin  County,  Indiana,  March  24, 
1829 ;  was  educated  at  the  Miami  Univer 
sity,  Ohio;  taught  school  for  one  or  two 
years ;  attended  the  Law  School  at  Cin 
cinnati,  and  adopted  the  legal  profession; 
and  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Indiana,  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 
He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1861,  and  during  that  year  was  appointed 
an  Additional  Paymaster  in  the  army. 

Cumming,   Thomas  W.— He  was 

born  in  Maryland,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1853  to  1855. 

Cumming,  William.  —  He  was  a 
Delegate,  from  North  Carolina,  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1784. 

Cummins,  John  D. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Ohio,  during  the  Thirtieth 
Congress.  He  died  of  cholera  at  Milwau- 
kie,  Wisconsin,  September  11,  1848. 

Cunningham,   Francis   A.  —  He 

was  born  in  South  Carolina,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1845  to  1847. 

Curry,  Jdbez  L.  M.—  Born  in  Lin 
coln  County,  Georgia,  June  5,  1825,  and 
removed  with  his  father,  in  1838,  to  Tal- 
ladega  County,  Alabama,  where  he  has 
since  resided ;  he  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Georgia  in  1843,  and  at  the 
Dane  Law  School,  Harvard  University, 
in  1845,  and  practised  law  with  success  in 
Alabama.  In  1846  he  joined  the  Texas 
Rangers  for  the  Mexican  war,  but  soon 
returned  on  account  of  ill  health.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  lower  branch  of  the 
Legislature  of  Alabama  iu  1847,  1853,  and 
1855 ;  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1856 ;  and 
in  1857  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Alabama,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims  and 
Expenditures  in  the  State  Department. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Naval  Af 
fairs.  Withdrew  in  1861,  and  took  part 
in  the  Rebellion  of  that  year  as  a  member 
of  the  Rebel  Congress.  After  the  close 
of  the  Rebellion  he  was  ordained  a 
Preacher  of  the  Gospel  in  the  Baptist 
church.  In  1865  he  was  appointed  Pres 
ident  of  Howard  College,  in  Alabama. 

Curtis,  Carlton  JS.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1851 
to  1855. 

Curtis,  Edward. — Born  in  Vermont ; 
graduated  at  Union  College,  New  York, 
and  practised  law  in  New  York  City.  He 
took  a  prominent  part  in  the  councils  of 
that  citv,  aud  was  a  Reoresentative  in 


102 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1837  to 
1841.  He  was  appointed  Collector  of  New 
York  by  President  Harrison,  and  removed 
by  President  Polk.  He  was  an  intimate 
friend  of  Daniel  Webster. 

Curtis,  Samuel  _R.— Born  in  Ohio 
(while  his  parents  were  emigrating  to  the 
West  from  Connecticut),  February  3, 
1807.  He  graduated  at  the  West  Point 
Academy  in  1831,  and  was  appointed  a 
Lieutenant  in  the  United  States  Infantry, 
but  resigned  in  1832.  He  studied  and 
pursued  the  profession  of  law  in  Ohio; 
was  subsequently  an  engineer  in  Ohio  and 
Iowa;  from  1837  to  1840  Chief  Engineer 
of  the  Muskingum  Works;  during  the 
Mexican  war  he  served  as  an  Adjutant- 
General  in  mustering  the  State  troops; 
lie  went  to  Mexico  as  a  Colonel  under 
General  Taylor,  and  acted  for  a  time  as 
Governor  of  Matamoras,  Camargo,  Mon 
terey,  and  Saltillo,  performing  much  im 
portant  service ;  on  his  return  from  Mex 
ico  he  practised  law  for  a  time,  but  was 
called  to  Iowa  and  Missouri  to  perform 
important  labors  as  an  engineer,  in  im 
provements  of  harbors  and  the  building 
of  railroads ;  and  having  finally  settled  at 
Keokuk,  in  Iowa,  he  was  elected  from 
that  State  a  member  of  the  House  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress.  He  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Military  Af 
fairs,  and  also  on  the  Special  Committee 
of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious  States. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Peace  Con 
gress  in  18G1.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  but  resigned,  in  1861, 
to  serve  as  a  Brigadier  and  Major  General 
in  the  Union  Army  during  the  Rebellion. 
He  was  subsequently  appointed  a  Com 
missioner  to  inspect  the  Union  Pacific 
Railroad.  Died  at  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa, 
December  25,  1866. 

Gushing,  Caleb. — Was  born  in  Salis 
bury,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  Jan 
uary  17,  1800.  He  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1817,  and  was  subsequently  a 
tutor  there  of  mathematics  and  natural 
philosophy;  studied  law  at  Cambridge, 
and  settled  in  Newburyport  to  practise, 
Laving  come  to  the  bar  in  1822.  In  1825 
and  1826  he  served  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  and  in  1829  visited  Europe  for  pleas 
ure,  publishing,  on  his  return,  "  Remi 
niscences  of  Spain,"  and  "Review  of  the 
Revolution  in  France."  He  also  wrote 
for  the  "North  American  Review."  In 
1833  and  1834  he  was  again  elected  to  the 
Legislature ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1835  to  1843.  He  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Tyler,  Commissioner 
to  China,  and  as  such  negotiated  an  im 
portant  treaty.  In  1846  he  was  again 
elected  to  the  Legislature.  In  1847  he  was 
chosen  Colonel  of  the  Massachusetts  Reg 
iment  of  Volunteers  for  the  Mexican  war, 
and  was  afterwards  appointed  Brigadier- 


General  by  President  Polk.  In  1850  he  was 
for  the  fifth  time  elected  to  the  Legisla 
ture,  and  in  1851  was  made  a  Justice  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State.  When 
President  Pierce  came  into  power,  he  in 
vited  General  Gushing  into  his  cabinet, 
as  Attorney-General ;  and  on  his  return 
home  he  was  again  re-elected  to  the  Leg 
islature  of  his  native  State.  In  office,  or 
out  of  it,  he  has  the  reputation  of  being 
a  hard  student,  and  his  success  as  a  law 
yer  is  unquestioned.  In  1860  he  was 
elected  President  of  the  Charleston  Con 
vention  to  nominate  a  President.  In 
July,  1866,  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson  one  of  three  to  revise  and  cod 
ify  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  under 
a  late  law  of  Congress. 

Gushing,  Thomas. — He  was  born  in 
1728 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1744;  was  early  a  Representative  in  the 
Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  and  Speaker 
of  the  House;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  from  1774  to  1776;  a 
member  of  the  Governor's  Council,  and 
subsequently  elected  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  the  State,  and,  while  holding  that  office, 
he  died,  in  1788.  Received  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  from  Harvard  College. 

Cushman,  John  Paine.—  He  was 

born  in  Pomfret,  Connecticut,  in  1784,  and 
graduated  at  Yale  College,  in  1807.  He 
studied  law  and  removed  to  Troy,  New 
York,  where  he  practised  his  profession. 
He  served  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1817  to  1819,  and  in  1838  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court,  hav 
ing  previously  been  Recorder  of  the  City 
of  Troy,  and  one  of  the  Regents  of  the 
State  University.  Died  in  Troy,  New 
York,  September  16, 1848.  He  was  a  man 
of  eminence  in  his  profession,  and  dis 
charged  with  ability  the  various  offices 
with  which  he  was  intrusted. 

Cushnnan,  Joshua. — He  was  born  in 
Plymouth,  Massachusetts ;  graduated  at 
Cambridge  in  1787 ;  studied  divinity;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mas 
sachusetts,  from  1819  to  1821 ;  and  repre 
sented  Maine,  in  Congress,  from  1821  to 
1825,  after  its  separation  from  Massachu 
setts.  He  was  also  a  State  Senator  in  1809, 
1810,  1819,  and  1820,  and  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  in  1811,  and  1834,  when  he  died. 

Cushman,  Samuel.— Born  in  1783 ; 
was  Judge  of  the  Police  Court  of  Ports 
mouth,  New  Hampshire,  and  held  several 
offices  of  trust  in  the  State ;  such  as  Coun 
cillor,  from  1833  to  1835 ;  County  Treas 
urer,  from  1823  to  1828 ;  and  Navy  Agent 
at  Portsmouth,  from  1845  to  1849.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  Hampshire,  from  1835  to  1839,  and 
died  in  Portsmouth,  May  20,  1851. 

Cuthbertj  Alfred.— Born  in  Savaa- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECORDS. 


103 


nah,  Georgia;  lie  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1803 ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1814  to 
1817;  again,  from  1821  to  1827,  and  a 
Senator  of  the  United  States,  from  1837 
to  1843.  Died  in  185G. 

Cutlibert,  John  A.—  He  was  born  in 
Savannah,  Georgia;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1805 ;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  his  native  State, 
from  1819  to  1821,  and  was  appointed  by 
the  President,  in  1822,  a  Commissioner  to 
treat  with  the  Creek  and  Cherokee  In 
dians. 

Cutler,  Manasseh.—He  was  born 
in  Killingly,  Connecticut,  in  1742,  and 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1765 ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1767 ; 
removed  to  Dedham,  Massachusetts,  in 
1769;  studied  for  the  ministry,  and  was 
ordained  in  1771 ;  and  was  settled  as  pastor 
of  a  church  in  Hamilton,  Massachusetts, 
September  11, 1771.  He  distinguished  him 
self  by  his  attention  to  several  branches  of 
natural  history,  particularly  by  making  the 
first  essay  toward  a  scientific  description 
of  the  plants  of  New  England ;  an  account 
of  several  hundred  of  which,  communi 
cated  by  him,  was  published  by  the  Amer 
ican  Academy,  of  which  he  was  a  member, 
and  the  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred 
upon  him  by  Harvard  College.  He  was 
one  of  the  first  scientific  explorers  of  the 
White  Mountains.  In  1787  he  organized 
an  expedition  for  the  North-west  Terri 
tory,  and  in  1788,  with  General  Rufus  Put 
nam,  commenced  a  settlement  at  Mariet 
ta,  on  the  Muskingum,  Ohio.  In  1790  he 
returned  with  his  family  to  New  England, 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  Legisla 
ture,  and  was  pastor  of  the  church  at 
Hamilton,  Massachusetts,  until  his  death. 
In  1800  he  was  elected  to  a  seat  in  Con 
gress,  and  retained  it  till  1804,  when  he 
declined  any  further  political  employment, 
from  its  interference  with  his  professional 
duties.  He  died  July  28,  1823. 

Cutler,  William  P.— Born  near  Ma 
rietta,  Ohio,  July  12,  1813;  was  elected  to 
the  Ohio  Legislature  in  1844,  1845,  and 
1846,  officiating  as  Speaker  of  the  House 
during  the  last  term ;  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1850; 
from  that  period  until  elected  to  Congress 
he  was  President  of  the  Marietta  and  Cin 
cinnati  Railroad  Company;  and  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Militia  and  on  Invalid 
Pensions. 

Cutting,  Francis  B.— He  was  born 
in  New  York ;  was  liberally  educated,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  in  1836 
and  1837  he  was  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  New  York,  from  the  City  of  New 
York ;  and  was  a  Representative  iu  Con 


gress,  from  his  native  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Cutls,  Charles.— Born  in  Massachu 
setts  in  1769;  entered  Harvard  College  in 
1786;  graduated  in  1790;  studied  law  with 
Judge  Pickering;  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  in  1804,  and  then 
Speaker  of  the  House;  was  sent  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1810,  from  New 
Hampshire,  and  served  till  1813;  and 
chosen  Secretary  of  the  Senate,  from  1814 
to  1825.  By  appointment,  he  entered  the 
Senate,  for  a  second  term,  in  1813,  but  re 
signed  in  June  of  that  year.  He  died  in 
Virginia,  in  1846. 

Cutts,  Richard.— Born  June  22, 1771, 
at  Cutts  Island,  Saco,  in  the  Province  or 
District  of  Maine,  then  constituting  a  part 
of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts, 
and  received  his  early  education  at  Har 
vard  University,  at  which  institution  he 
graduated  in  1790,  and  in  the  twentieth 
year  of  his  age.  He  studied  law;  was  ex 
tensively  engaged  in  commerce,  and  took 
an  active  part  iu  politics.  He  visited 
Europe,  and,  on  his  return,  after  serving 
two  successive  years  as  a  member  of  the 
General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  he  was, 
at  the  age  of  twenty-nine,  in  1800,  elected 
a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
of  the  United  States.  He  took  his  seat  iu 
the  House,  December  7, 1801,  and  through 
six  successive  Congresses,  constantly  sus 
tained  by  the  continued  confidence  of  his 
constituents,  he  gave  a  firm  support  to 
President  Jefferson's  adminstration,  and  to 
that  of  his  successor,  President  Madison, 
until  the  close  of  his  first  term,  March  3, 
1813,  having  patriotically  sustained,  by  his 
votes,  non-importation,  non-intercourse, 
the  embargo,  and  finally  war,  as  measures 
called  for  by  the  honor  and  interest  of  the 
nation,  although  ruinous  to  his  private 
fortune.  On  the  3d  of  June,  of  that  year, 
he  was  appointed  Superintendent  General 
of  Military  Supplies,  an  office  created  by 
the  act  of  March  3,  1813,  the  functions  of 
which  were  required  only  during  the  con 
tinuance  of  the  war.  The  office  was  ac 
cordingly  abolished  by  the  act  of  March  3, 
1817,  to  provide  for  the  prompt  settlement 
of  public  accounts.  By  the  same  act  the 
office  of  Second  Comptroller  of  the  Treas 
ury  was  created,  to  which  Mr.  Cutts  was 
immediately  appointed  by  President  James 
Monroe,  and  which  he  held  until  1829 ; 
after  which  he  resided  in  the  City  of 
Washington,  iu  the  retirement  of  private 
life,  until  his  death,  April  7,  1845. 

Daggett,  David, — Born  in  Attlebor- 
ough,  Massachusetts,  December  31,  1764; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1783,  and  was 
Professor  of  Law  in  that  institution  for 
many  years,  and  subsequently  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  from  that  institution.  He 
was  State's  Attorney  and  Mayor  of  New 
Haven,  and  frequently  a  member  of  the 


104 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOItDS. 


Legislature,  and  member  of  the  Council ; 
and  also  served  as  a  Presidential  Elector 
on  several  occasions.  From  1813  to  1819 
he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Con 
necticut  ;  from  182(3  to  1832  he  was  a  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State,  and 
was  Chief  Judge  from  1832  to  1834,  when 
he  attained  the  age  of  seventy  years.  He 
died  April  12,  1851. 

Daily,  Samuel  6?.— He  was  born  in 
Indiana  in  1819;  was  elected  a  Delegate, 
fror".  yje  Territory  of  Nebraska,  to  the 
Tnirty-seventh  Congress,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress.  He  was 
subsequently  appointed  a  Deputy  Collect 
or  in  New  Orleans,  where  he  died  Septem 
ber  14,  18G5. 

Dallas,  George  Mifllin.—lle  was 

born  July  10,  1792,  in  the  City  of  Philadel 
phia,  where  he  received  his  early  educa 
tion.  He  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1810;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in 
his  father's  ofllce  in  Philadelphia,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813.  In  the  same 
year  he  accompanied  Mr.  Gallatin  to  Rus 
sia  as  his  private  secretary,  when  that 
gentleman  was  appointed  a  member  of  the 
Commission  to  negotiate  a  peace  under  the 
jnediation  of  Alexander.  During  his  ab 
sence,  he  visited  Russia,  France,  England, 
Holland,  and  the  Netherlands.  He  re- 
tui'ued  to  the  United  States  in  1814,  and, 
after  assisting  his  father  for  a  time  in  his 
duties  as  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  he 
commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession 
at  Philadelphia.  In  1817  he  was  ap 
pointed  the  deputy  of  the  Attorney-Gen 
eral  of  Philadelphia,  and  soon  won  a  high 
reputation  as  a  criminal  lawyer.  He  took 
an  active  part  in  politics,  and  in  1825  he 
•was  elected  Mayor  of  Philadelphia,  and 
on  the  accession  of  General  Jackson,  in 
1829,  he  was  appointed  to  the  office  of 
District  Attorney,  the  same  office  which 
had  been  held  by  his  father.  This  post  he 
held  until  1831,  when  a  vacancy  having 
occurred  in  the  representation  from  Penn 
sylvania  in  the  United  States  Senate,  Mr. 
Dallas  was  chosen  to  fill  it.  He  took  an 
'ictive  part  in  the  debates  of  the  stormy 
session  of  1832-'33.  On  the  expiration  of 
his  term  of  office  in  1833,  he  declined  a  re 
election,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  his 
profession.  In  1337  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Van  Buren,  Ambassador  to  Rus 
sia,  and  remained  in  that  country  until 
October,  1839,  when  he  returned  home, 
and  once  more  devoted  himself  to  the 
practice  of  law.  In  1844  lie  was  elected 
Vice-Presideut  of  the  United  States,  and 
entered  upon  the  duties  of  his  office  in 
March  of  the  following  year.  His  term  of 
office  expired  in  March,  1849,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Fillmore.  He  was 
appointed,  by  President  Pierce,  in  185G,  to 
succeed  Mr.  Buchanan  as  Minister  at  the 
Court  of  Saint  James,  in  which  position 
he  was  retained  by  Mr.  Buchanan,  when 


he  became  President.  Died  in  Philadel 
phia,  December  31,  1864. 

Dalton,  Tristam. — Was  born  in  that 
portion  of  Newbury,  Massachusetts,  now 
Newburyport,  in  1743,  and  at  the  early 
age  of  seventeen  graduated  at  Harvard 
University.  He  studied  law  as  an  accom 
plishment, — the  fortune  which  he  inherited 
from  his  father  not  requiring  him  to  prac 
tise  it  as  a  profession, — and  he  took  a  deep 
interest  in  the  cultivation  of  a  large 
landed  estate,  in  what  is  now  the  town 
of  West  Newbury.  Washington,  John 
Adams,  Louis  Philippe,  Talleyrand,  and 
other  distinguished  guests  partook  of  his 
hospitalities.  As  eminent  for  piety  as  he 
was  for  mental  endowments,  the  Episco 
pal  Church,  of  which  he  was  a  warden, 
shared  in  his  generous  liberality;  and  he 
was  also  noted  for  the  affectionate  interest 
which  he  took  in  the  welfare  of  his  ser 
vants,  both  black  and  white.  He  was  a 
Representative,  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  and  a  Senator  in  the 
Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  and  a  Sen 
ator  of  the  United  States  in  the  First  Con 
gress  after  the  adoption  of  the  Federal 
Constitution.  When  Washington  City 
was  founded,  Mr.  Dalton  invested  his  en 
tire  fortune  in  lands  there,  and  lost  it  by 
the  mismanagement  of  a  business  agent. 
At  the  same  time  a  vessel,  which  was 
freighted  with  his  furniture  and  valuable 
library,  was  lost  on  her  voyage  from  New 
buryport  to  Washington,  and  he  thus 
found  himself,  after  having  lived  sixty 
years  in  affluence,  penniless.  Several 
offices  of  profit  and  honor  were  immedi 
ately  tendered  him  by  the  government, 
and  he  accepted  the  Surveyorship  of  Bos 
ton.  He  died  in  Boston,  in  June,  1817, 
and  his  remains  were  taken  to  Newbury 
port,  where  they  were  iutei'red  in  the 
burial-ground  of  St.  Paul's  Church. 

Dainrell,    William  S.  —  Born    in 

Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  November 
20,  1809 ;  never  had  the  privilege  of  even 
a  common-school  education ;  was  by  trade 
a  printer;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Massachusetts,  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  where  he  served  on  the 
Committee  on  Engraving,  and  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  Died 
at  Boston,  May  17,  1860. 

Dana,  Ainasa.—TLe  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1828  and 
1829,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841,  and 
again  from  1843  to  1845. 

Dana,  Francis. — He  was  born  in 
1743;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1762 ;  and,  after  studying  law,  resided  a 
year  in  England.  He  was  a  Delegate 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1776  to  1779  and  in  1784; 


EIOGKAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


105 


signed  the  Articles  of  Confederation ;  was 
Secretary  of  Legation  at  Paris  under  John 
Adams ;  was  appointed  Minister  to  Rus- 
sia,  but  not  officially  received;  was  Chief 
Justice  of  the  State  from  1792  to  1806, 
when  he  resigned;  and  he  died  in  1811. 

Dana,  J~udah. — Born  in  Massachu 
setts  in  1772;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1795 ;  commenced  the  practise 
of  law  in  Fryeburg;  was  Attorney  for 
Oxford  County  for  six  years;  Judge  of 
Probate  for  twenty  years ;  Judge  of  the 
Common  Pleas  for  nine  years ;  one  of  the 
Committee  which  drafted  the  Constitu 
tion  of  Maine ;  a  member  of  the  Execu 
tive  Council  of  the  State  in  1834 ;  and,  by 
appointment  of  the  Governor,  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  during  the 
years  1836  and  1837.  He  died  at  Frye- 
burg,  Maine,  December  27,  1845. 

Dana,  Samuel.—  He  was  a  respecta 
ble  lawyer  and  a  Judge,  and  during  the 
years  1814  and  1815  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  Massachusetts,  in  place  of 
W.  M.  Richardson,  resigned.  Ho  died  at 
Charleston  in  November,  1835,  in  the 
sixtieth  year  of  his  age. 

Dana,  Samuel  IT.— He  was  born  in 
Connecticut  in  1747,  and  died  July  21, 
1830.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1775,  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Connecticut,  from  1810  to  1821. 

Dane,  Joseph. — He  was  born  in  Bev 
erly,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  Octo 
ber  25,  1778,  and  graduated  at  Harvard 
University  in  1799.  He  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law,  and  removing  to  Kenne- 
bunk,  Maine,  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1816  and 
1819;  in  1820  he  was  elected  to  Congress 
for  the  unexpired  term  of  J.  Homes ;  and 
from  1821  to  1823  he  represented  the 
York  District  of  Maine  in  Congress,  when 
he  resigned ;  was  subsequently  in  the  Leg 
islature  as  a  member  of  the  House  for  six 
years,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Senate 
in  1829.  He  was  chosen  a  member  of  the 
Executive  Council  of  Massachusetts  in 
1817,  and  to  a  similar  station  in  Maine  in 
1841 ;  but  he  declined  both  offices.  He 
settled  in  Kentucky  early  in  the  present 
century,  where  he  died  May  1,  1858. 

Dane,  Nathan. — Born  at  Ipswich, 
Massachusetts,  in  1752;  graduated  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1778;  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Massachusetts,  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1785  to  1788;  was  the 
framer  of  the  celebrated  ordinance  passed 
by  Congress  in  1787;  and,  though  devoted 
to  the  practice  of  law,  found  time  to  pre 
pare  a  Digest  of  American  Law  in  nine 
volumes.  He  established  a  Professorship 
of  Law  in  Harvard  University;  and  after 
he  had  attained  his  seventieth  year,  he 
•was  in  the  habit  of  spending  fourteen 


hours  of  each  day  engaged  in  reading  and 
writing.  Died  at  Beverly,  Massachusetts, 
February  15,  1834.  He  received  from 
Harvard  College  the  degree  of  LL.D. 

Daniel,  Henry. — He  was  born  in 
1793,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1827  to  1833, 
where  he  had  a  famous  encounter  with 
Tristam  Burgess. 

Daniel,  John  R.  J".— Born  in  Halifax 
County,  North  Carolina ;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  that  State  in  1821 ;  studied 
law,  and  practised  it  with  success.  He 
served  for  several  years  in  the  General 
Assembly,  and  was  elected  Attorney-Gen 
eral  of  the  State;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
from  1841  to  1853,  serving  through  several 
sessions  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Claims. 

Danner,  W.  Z».— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1850  to  1851. 

Darby,  Ezra.— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1804  to  1808,  when  he  resigned.  Died 
January  28,  1808. 

Darby,  Jolin  Fletcher*— Born  in 
Person  County,  North  Carolina,  Decem 
ber  10,  1803.  In  1818  he  removed  with 
his  father  to  Missouri,  and  settled  in  St. 
Louis  County,  where,  until  1823,  he 
worked  on  a  farm,  pursuing  his  studies 
under  many  difficulties,  having  previously 
received  a  good  English  education  in  his 
native  town.  After  the  death  of  his  par 
ents,  in  1825  he  applied  for  an  appoint 
ment  at  West  Point,  but  being  unsuccess 
ful,  sold  out  his  father's  estate,  and  went 
to  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  and  studied  law. 
In  May,  1827,  having  a  license  to  practise 
from  the  Supreme  Court  of  Kentucky,  he 
returned  to  Missouri  and  commenced  his 
professional  life.  He  was  four  times 
chosen  Mayor  of  the  City  of  St.  Louis, 
and  once  a  member  of  the  State  Senate, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1851  to  1853,  from  that  State. 

Daryan,  Edward  £.— He  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  removed  in  early  youth 
to  Alabama,  where  he  subsequently  taught 
school  and  studied  law.  In  1844  he  was 
elected  Mayor  of  Mobile ;  from  1845  to 
1847  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Alabama;  and  during  the  latter  year 
was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Alabama. 

Darling,  Mason  C.— Born  in  Bel- 
lingham,  Massachusetts,  May  18,  1801; 
received  a  common-school  education; 
commenced  active  life  as  a  school-teacher 
in  New  York;  and  having  studied  med 
icine,  graduated  at  the  Berkshire  Medical 


106 


EIOaBAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


Institution  of  Massachusetts  in  1824.  He 
practised  his  profession  for  thirteen  years, 
when  he  removed  to  Wisconsin,  and  aided 
in  establishing  the  towns  of  Sheboygan 
and  Fond  du  Lac.  The  principal  offices 
held  by  him  in  Wisconsin  were  those  of 
Judge  of  Probate,  Mayor  of  Fond  du  Lac, 
a  member  for  several  years  of  the  Terri 
torial  Legislature,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  the  State  of  Wisconsin, 
from  1847  to  1849. 

Darling,  William  A.— He  was  born 
in  Newark,  New  Jersey,  December  17, 
1817,  but  shortly  afterwards  settled  in 
New  York  City;  received  a  commercial 
education,  and,  as  clerk  and  proprietor, 
was  devoted  to  the  wholesale  business ; 
in  1838  he  was  a  director  of  the  Mercantile 
Library  Association ;  was  for  eleven  years 
a  member,  as  officer  and  private,  of  the 
Seventh  Regiment,  National  Guard ;  from 
1847  to  1854  he  was  Deputy  Receiver  of 
Taxes  for  New  York;  from  1854  to  1865 
was  President  of  a  railroad  company  in 
New  York;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1860;  in  1863  and  1864  lie  was  President 
of  the  Union  and  Republican  organization 
of  New  York  City ;  and  in  the  latter  year 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
New  York  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Naval  Af 
fairs,  ^Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office 
Department,  and  the  War  Debts  of  Loyal 
States ;  and  also  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revenue  Frauds. 

Darlington,    Edward.  —  He  was 

born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1833  to  1839. 

Darlington,  Isaac.— Born  in  West- 
town,  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  De 
cember  13,  1781,  and  died  April  27,  1839. 
He  was  brought  up  to  hard  labor,  partly 
on  a  farm,  and  in  the  shop  of  his  father,  a 
worthy  blacksmith,  and  was  a  Quaker  in 
religion.  He  educated  himself,  taught 
school,  studied  law,  and  was  successful  as 
a  practitioner.  In  1807  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature ;  served  as  a  volun 
teer  Lieutenant  in  the  last  war  with  Eng 
land;  and  was  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1817  to  ISlt); 
declining  a  re-election.  In  1820  he  was 
appointed  Deputy  Attorney-General  for 
Chester  County,  and  in  1821  was  appoint 
ed  President  Judge  of  the  County  Court, 
which  he  held  until  his  death. 

Darlington,  William.  —  Born  in 
Birmingham,  Chester  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  April  28,  1782.  He  was  brought  up 
on  a  farm  until  eighteen  years  old,  trained 
in  the  religion  of  George  Fox,  and  when 
young  had  but  a  limited  education.  He 
studied  medicine,  and  in  1804  graduated 
at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  In 
1806  he  was  disowned  by  the  Society  of 


Friends  for  accepting  the  appointment  of 
Surgeon  to  a  military  regiment.  In  1807 
he  went  to  India  as  Surgeon  of  a  merchant 
ship;  in  1811  and  1812  he  assisted  in  es 
tablishing  the  West  Chester  Academy, 
Pennsylvania,  of  which  he  was  long  a 
Trustee  and  the  Secretary;  in  1813  he 
prepared  a  catalogue  of  plants  of  his 
native  county;  in  1814  he  took  part  in  es 
tablishing  the  Bank  of  West  Chester,  and 
was  its  President.  When  Washington 
City  was  attacked  by  the  British,  he  went 
to  camp  as  a  volunteer ;  and  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1815  to  1817,  and  again  from  1819  to  1823. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  "  American 
Philosophical  Society ;"  was  a  Canal  Com 
missioner  in  1825.  In  1826  he  aided  in 
forming  a  Natural  History  Society  in 
West  Chester,  and  was  elected  President 
of  the  same ;  and  on  account  of  his  devo 
tion  to  science,  and  his  scientific  learning, 
a  number  of  rare  plants  were  named  after 
him  by  leading  naturalists  of  Switzerland 
and  America.  He  also  held  the  office  of 
Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Chester  County; 
aided  in  founding  and  was  President  of 
the  "West  Chester  Medical  Society;" 
was  President  of  a  railway  company ;  in 
1847  he  was  robbed  of  $50,000  belonging 
to  the  bank  of  which  he  was  President ; 
his  publications  on  botany  and  kindred 
subjects  are  quite  numerous;  in  1848  he 
received  from  Yale  College  the  degree  of 
Doctor  of  Laws,  and  in  1855  that  of  Doc 
tor  of  Physical  Science  from  Dickinson 
College ;  and  he  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  some  forty  learned  societies  in 
America  and  Europe.  Died  in  1863. 

Darragh,    Cornelius.  —  He    was 

born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  that  State, 
from  1843  to  1847.  Died  in  January, 
1855. 

Davee,  Thomas.—  Born  in  Plym 
outh,  Massachusetts,  December  9,  1797; 
removed  to 'Maine,  and  was  bred  a  mer 
chant  ;  served  six  years  in  the  two  Houses 
of  the  Maine  Legislature ;  served  a  second 
term  in  the  State  Assembly,  and  was 
chosen  Speaker ;  he  was  also  High  Sher 
iff  of  Somerset  County,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  frem  1837  to  1841. 
He  was  also  for  many  years  a  Postmaster 
in  Maine,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was 
a  Senator  elect  of  the  State  Legislature. 
He  died,  supported  by  the  hopes  of  the 
Christian,  December  9,  1841. 

Davenport,  Franklin.— He  was  a 

Senator  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1798  to  1799,  but  was  superseded  by 
J.  Schureman,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1799  to  1801. 

Davenport,  James.  —  He  was  a 
graduate  of  Yale  College  in  1777,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Con- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


107 


necticut,  from  1796  to  1797,  in  which  year 
he  died. 

Davenport,  John.— lie  was  born  in 
Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1770;  was  a  tutor  in  that  College  in 
1773-'74 ;  and  a  llepresentative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1799  to 
1817.  lie  died  in  1830. 

Davenport,  John.— lie  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1827  to  1829. 

Davenport,  Thomas.  —  He  was 
born  in  Cumberland  County,  Virginia, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Virginia,  from  1825  to  1835,  and 
died  in  Halifax  County  iu  November, 
1838. 

Davidson,  Thomas  £?.— Born  in 
Jefferson  County,  Mississippi,  August  6, 
1805 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1827 ;  in  1833  was  Register  of 
the  Land  Office  at  Greensburg,  Louisiana ; 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that 
State  in  1833,  where  he  served,  from  dif 
ferent  parishes,  some  thirteen  years;  and 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Louisiana  in  1855 ;  re-elected 
in  1857,  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Enrolled  Bills,  and  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Claims.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  but  withdrew 
in  February,  1861. 

Davidson,     William. —He  was  a 

native  of  Mecklenburg  County,  North 
Carolina,  having  been  born  September 
12,  1778 ;  represented  that  County  in  the 
State  Legislature  as  a  Senator  in  1813, 
1815,  1816,  and  1817;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  his  native 
State,  from  1818  to  1821.  He  served 
again  in  the  State  Senate  in  1827,  1828, 
and  1829.  He  died  in  Charlotte,  Meck 
lenburg  County,  September  16,  1857,  from 
injuries  which  he  received  by  being 
thrown  from  his  carriage  while  taking  a 
drive  with  a  fractious  horse.  Though 
leading  the  quiet  life  of  a  planter,  he  was 
a  man  of  great  influence  and  usefulness. 

Davies,  Edward. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1841. 

Davis,  Amos. — He  represented  Ken 
tucky  in  Congress,  from  1833  to  1835,  and 
died  in  Owingsville,  Kentucky,  June  5, 
1835. 

Davis,  Garret.  —  He  was  born  at 
Mount  Stirling,  Kentucky,  September  10, 
1801 ;  received  an  English  and  classical 
education;  while  yet  a  boy,  he  was  em 
ployed  as  a  writer  in  the  County  and 
Circuit  Courts  of  his  district;  studied  law 


and  came  to  the  bar  in  1823.  In  1833  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and 
was  twice  re-elected;  in  1839  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  ;  from  1839  to  1847  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  Kentucky, 
and  declined  a  re-election;  and,  though 
always  actively  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession,  he  has  ever  devoted 
much  attention  to  the  pursuits  of  agri 
culture.  In  1861  he  was  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  Kentucky  for  the  term 
ending  in  1867,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Foreign  Relations,  on  Territories, 
Claims,  and  Pensions.  From  early  man 
hood  until  the  death  of  Henry  Clay  he 
was  one  of  the  most  intimate  personal  and 
political  friends  of  that  statesman.  In  1864 
he  was  appointed  a  Regent  of  the  Smith 
sonian  Institution,  and  in  1866  he  was  one 
of  the  Senators  designated  by  the  Senate 
to  attend  the  funeral  of  General  Scott. 
In  January,  1867,  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Senate  for  the  term  ending  in  1873. 

Davis,  George  T. — He  was  born  in 
Sandwich,  Massachusetts,  January  12, 
1810;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1829;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1832 ;  was  elected  to  the  Senate 
of  Massachusetts  in  1839  and  1810 ;  and 
was  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Davis,  Henry  Winter. — Was  born 
in  Annapolis,  Maryland,  August  1G,  1817; 
graduated  at  Kenyon  College  in  1837.  In 
1839  he  entered  the  University  of  Virginia 
and  went  through  a  course  of  studies  at 
that  institution;  he  then  settled  in  the 
practice  of  law  at  Alexandria,  Virginia; 
in  1850  he  settled  iu  Baltimore,  Maryland, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
that  State  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty- 
fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means, 
and  also  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  and  on  the 
Special  Committee  on  the  Rebellious 
States.  In  1864  he  was  appointed  a  Re 
gent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  and 
from  Hampden  Sidney  College  he  received 
the  degree  of  LL.D.  He  was  a  man  of 
superior  power  as  an  orator,  and  as  an 
author  he  published,  in  1852,  a  book  en 
titled  "  The  War  of  Ormuzd  and  Ahrinam 
in  the  Nineteenth  Century."  Died  in 
Baltimore,  December  20,  1865;  and  by  a 
resolution  of  the  National  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  a  eulogy  was  pronounced 
upon  him  on  the  22d  of  February,  1866, 
by  his  friend  and  late  colleague,  Senator 
John  A.  J.  Creswell.  This  is  said  to 
have  been  the  only  occasion  when  a  pri 
vate  citizen  was  thus  honored  by  Con 
gress.  In  1867. his  collected  speeches 
were  published  under  the  editorship  of 
his  friend  Creswell. 


108 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Davis,  Jefferson. — He  was  born  in 
Christian  County,  Kentucky,  June  3, 1803, 
but  his  father  removed  to  Mississippi  in 
his  infancy.  He  commenced  his  education 
at  the  Transylvania  University,  Kentucky, 
but  left  it  for  the  West  Point  Academy, 
where  he  graduated  in  1823.  He  followed 
the  fortunes  of  a  soldier  until  1835,  when 
he  became  a  planter.  He  was  a  cadet 
from  1824  to  1828 ;  Second  Lieutenant  of 
Infantry  from  1828  to  1833;  First  Lieu 
tenant  of  Dragoons  from  1833  to  1835; 
serving  in  various  campaigns  against  the 
Indians;  was  Adjutant  of  Dragoons,  and 
at  different  times  served  in  the  Quarter 
master's  Department ;  in  1844  was  a  Pres 
idential  Elector;  in  1845  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  Mis 
sissippi  for  one  term,  but  resigned  in  1846 
to  become  Colonel  of  a  Volunteer  regi 
ment  to  serve  in  Mexico ;  in  Mexico  he 
received  the  appointment  of  Brigadier- 
General;  in  1847  was  appointed  a  Sen 
ator  of  Congress,  to  fill  a  vacancy,  and 
was  elected  for  the  term  ending  in  1851, 
but  resigned  in  1850;  was  re-elected  for 
a  term  of  six  years,  but  resigned;  was 
appointed  Secretary  of  War  by  President 
Pierce,  serving  throughout  his  administra 
tion  ;  and  in  1857  again  took  his  seat  in 
the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term  of 
six  years,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs,  and  a 
member  of  those  on  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds  and  on  Printing.  In  February, 
1861,  he  withdrew  from  the  Senate,  be 
came  identified  with  the  Great  Rebellion, 
and  was  elected  President  of  the  so-called 
"  Southern  Confederacy."  He  was  subse 
quently  confined  as  a  prisoner  of  state  in 
Fortress  Monroe,  and  after  remaining  in 
that  stronghold  as  a  prisoner  for  two 
years,  he  was,  in  1867,  released  on  bail, 
and  went  to  Canada. 

Davis,  John.  —  Born  in  North- 
borough,  Massachusetts,  January  13,  1787 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1812;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law ;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1815;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1825  to  1834;  Governor  of 
Massachusetts  during  the  years  1834  and 
1835,  and  1841  and  1842;  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1835  to  1841,  and  again 
from  1845  to  1853,  always  serving  on  im 
portant  committees  and  exerting  much 
influence.  On  account  of  his  many  popu 
lar  qualities,  he  was  called  "  Honest  John 
Davis."  He  died  suddenly,  at  Worcester. 
April  19,  1854. 

Davis,  John.— He  was  born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841. 

Davis,  John  G.— Born  in  Fleming 
County,  Kentucky,  October  10,  1810.  His 
education  was  obtained  at  a  country 
school,  where,  during  the  winter  months, 
he  studied  the  rudiments  of  reading,  writ 


ing  and  arithmetic.  lie  was  bred  to  the 
occupation  of  a  farmer;  was  elected 
Sheriff  of  Parke  County,  Indiana,  and  re 
signed  in  1832.  He  was  Clerk  of  the  Su 
perior  and  Inferior  Courts  of  that  county 
from  1833  to  1851,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Indiana,  in  the  Thirty-second, 
Thirty-third,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Public  Lands,  and  also  served  on  the  Com 
mittee  to  Examine  into  the  accounts  of 
the  late  Clerk  of  the  House,  William  Cul- 
lom.  He  was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Public  Lands.  Died  at 
Terre  Haute,  Indiana,  January  18,  1866. 

Davis,  John  IF.— He  was  born  in 
Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  in  1799 ;  after 
completing  his  medical  studies  in  Balti 
more,  in  1821,  at  the  Medical  College,  he 
emigrated  in  1823  to  Indiana.  He  served 
first,  in  1829,  as  a  Surrogate,  and  then  in 
the  Legislature  of  that  State,  and  was 
Speaker  of  the  lower  branch,  both  before 
and  after  his  services  in  Congress,  namely, 
in  1832  and  1841 ;  and  was  also  a  Commis 
sioner  to  make  a  treaty  with  the  Indians. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Indiana,  from  1835  to  1837,  from  1839 
to  1841,  and  again  from  1843  to  1847,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Public  Lands,  and  Avas  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  during  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress.  He  was,  in  1848, 
appointed  Minister  to  China,  and,  subse 
quently,  held  the  position  of  Governor  of 
Oregon  Territory.  He  was  also  President 
of  the  Baltimore  Convention,  which  nom 
inated  Franklin  Pierce  for  President,  in 
1852.  Died  at  Carlisle,  Indiana,  August 
22,  1859. 

Davis,  Reuben.— Born  in  Tennessee, 
January  18,  1813.  He  was  self-educated, 
owing  to  the  limited  means  of  his  father. 
He  studied  and  practised  medicine  for  a 
few  years,  and  afterwards  pursued  the  law 
as  a  profession.  In  1835  he  was  chosen 
District  Attorney  for  the  Sixth  Judicial 
District  of  Mississippi.  In  1837  he  was 
re-elected  to  the  same  office ;  served  four 
months,  in  1842,  on  the  bench  of  the  High 
Court  of  Errors  and  Appeals ;  was  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  Colonel  Commandant  of 
the  Mississippi  Rifles,  but  resigned  on  ac 
count  of  sickness,  and  was  in  no  battle ; 
was  elected  to  the  lower  branch  of  the 
State  Legislature  from  1855  to  1857;  and 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads,  and  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Navy  Department.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Special  Committee  of 
Thirty-three.  Joined  the  Rebellion  in 
1861. 

Davis,  Richard  D. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  graduated  at  Yale  College 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


109 


in  1818,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  his  native  State,  from  1841  to 
1845. 

Davis,  Roger. — He  was  a  Represent- 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1811  to  1815. 

Davis,  Samuel.  — He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1813 
to  1815.  In  1803,  from  1808  to  1812,  and 
in  1815  and  1816,  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature. 

Davis,  Samuel  B. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Louisiana,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Davis,  Thomas. — He  was  born  in 
Ireland,  and  having  emigrated  to  Rhode 
Island,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Davis,  Thomas  T. — He  was  a  Rep- 
lesentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1797  to  1803,  and  was  appointed  in 
that  year  Judge  in  the  Territory  of  In 
diana. 

Davis,  Thomas  T.  —  Was  born  in 
Mkldlebury,  Addison  County,  Vermont, 
August  22,  1810;  graduated  at  Hamilton 
College,  New  York,  in  1831 ;  studied  law 
in  Syracuse,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1833.  As  a  public  man,  his  time  has 
been  chiefly  devoted  to  business  connect 
ed  with  railroads,  with  various  kinds  of 
manufacturing,  and  with  the  mining  of 
coal ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  the  District  of  Columbia.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals. 

Davis,  Timothy.— He  was  born  in 
Newark,  New  Jersey,  in  March,  1794;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky  in  1816,  and  was  there 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817;  spent  twenty 
years  of  his  life  in  Missouri ;  and,  having 
removed  to  Iowa,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post 
Roads. 

Davis,  Timothy.— He  was  born  in 
Gloucester,  Massachusetts,  April  12,  1821 ; 
was  educated  at  a  district  school,  which 
he  did  not  attend  after  reaching  the  age 
of  twelve  years;  spent  two  years  in  a 
printing-office ;  lived  a  number  of  years 
in  Boston  as  a  clerk  and  as  a  merchant ; 
in  1854,  by  an  unusually  large  majority, 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  his  native  district;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and 


served  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs.  He  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Lincoln  to  a  place  in  the  Boston 
Custom  House  in  1861. 

Davis,  Warren  It. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina ;  graduated  at  the  College 
of  South  Carolina  in  1810;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  came  to  the  bar  in 
1814;  was  appointed  Solicitor  for  South 
Carolina  in  1818 ;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
from  1825  to  1835,  and  died  in  Washing 
ton,  District  of  Columbia,  January  29, 
1835,  aged  forty-two  years.  It  was  while 
attending  his  funeral  that  President  Jack 
son  was  tired  at  by  a  man  named  Lawrence. 

Davis,  William  M.— Was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  District  of  Columbia. 

Dawes,  Henry  £.—  Born  in  Cum- 
mington,  Hampshire  County,  Massachu 
setts,  October  30,  1816.  He  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1839,  and  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law.  He  taught  school  for  a 
time,  and  edited  a  paper  called  the  "  Green 
field  Gazette."  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  during  the 
years  1848,  1849,  and  1852;  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1850,  and  also  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1853.  He  was 
also  District  Attorney  for  the  Western 
District  of  his  native  State,  from  1853 
until  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
wherein  he  served  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Revolutionary  Claims ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Elections ; 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Elections ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving 
again  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Elections.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  continuing  at  the  head  of  the 
Committee  on  Elections,  and  serving  on 
that  on  Weights  and  Measures.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loy 
alists'  Convention"  of  1866,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  again  at 
the  head  of  the  Committee  on  Elections. 

Dawson,  John.  —  He  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1782 ;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1793;  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1797  to  1814;  served  in  one  of 
the  State  Conventions  of  Virginia,  and  in 
the  General  Assembly ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Council  of  Virginia ;  ren 
dered  service  in  the  war  of  1813,  as  Aid  to 
the  Commanding  General,  on  the  Lakes ; 
and  was  appointed  Bearer  of  Despatches 
to  France,  in  1801,  by  President  Adams. 
He  died  in  Washington  City,  March  30, 
1814,  aged  fifty-two. 


110 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Daivson,  John  B. — He  was  born  at 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  in  1800,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Lou 
isiana,  from  1841  to  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  at  St.  Francisville,  Lou 
isiana,  June  2G,  1845.  He  had  repeatedly 
served  in  the  Legislature  of  Louisiana; 
was  a  Militia  General  of  the  State ;  and 
was  Judge  of  the  Parish  Court  in  which 
he  resided  before  his  election  to  Con 
gress. 

Dawson,  John  L. — He  was  born  in 
Uniontown,Fayette  County,  Pennsylvania, 
February  7,  1813;  was  educated  at  Wash 
ington  College ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  was  appointed  by  President  Polk,  in 
1845,  United  States  Attorney  for  the  West 
ern  District  of  Pennsylvania;  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to 
the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Con 
gresses,  serving  during  the  last  term  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Agricul 
ture;  and  in  1862  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs, 
and  also  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands.  He  was  the  author  of  the  Home 
stead  Bill  which  passed  in  1854;  and  a 
Delegate  to  the  Baltimore  Conventions 
of  1844,  1848,  and  1860,  and  of  the  Cin 
cinnati  Convention  of  1856,  when,  on  the 
part  of  Pennsylvania,  he  delivered  the 
speech  acknowledging  the  nomination  of 
Mr.  Buchanan.  He  was  appointed  Gov 
ernor  of  Kansas,  by  President  Pierce,  in 
1855,  but  declined  the  appointment;  re- 
elected  in  1864,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Rules  and  Foreign  Affairs. 

Daivson,  William  C.  —  Born  in 
Greene  County,  Georgia,  January  4,  1798, 
and  died  May  5,  1856.  He  graduated  at 
Franklin  College  in  1816;  studied  law  at 
home  and  at  Litchfleld,  Connecticut;  and 
having  been  admitted  to  the  bar,  settled 
at  Greensborough,  in  1818,  where  he  was 
eminently  successful  as  a  jury  lawyer. 
He  was  for  twelve  years  Clerk  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  Georgia,  and 
several  times  Senator  and  Representative 
in  the  Legislature.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1837  to  1842 ;  and  in  1845  he  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Ockmulgee  Circuit;  and 
from  1849  to  1855  he  was  a  Senator  of  the 
United  States,  where  he  served  on  im 
portant  committees,  and  spoke  on  many 
questions  of  national  interest,  and  com 
manded  a  wide  influence. 

Dawson,  William  «7.— A  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1793  to  1795. 

Day,  Rowland.  —  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1816 
and  1817,  and  was  a  Representative  in 


Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1823  to 
1825,  and  again  from  1833  to  1835. 

Dai/,  Timothy  C. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress. 

Day  an,  Charles. — Born  at  Amster 
dam,  New  York,  July  16,  1792;  until  four 
teen  years  of  age  lie  worked  in  a  mill;  at 
that  time  he  began  to  stud}r,  and  was  suc 
cessful;  taught  school  for  four  winters  at 
a  monthly  price  of  two  dollars  per  month; 
studied  law,  and  was  a  successful  practi 
tioner  for  many  years.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1831  to  1833;  a  State  Senator  in  1827 
and  1828 ;  acting  Lieutenant-Governor  in 
1829 ;  and  a  member  of  the  Assembly  in 
1835  and  1836.  He  was  also  District  At 
torney  for  Lewis  County  for  five  years. 

Dayton,  Elias.—Hc  was  an  officer 
of  the  Revolution,  and  in  1778  was 
appointed  by  Congress  Colonel  of  the  New 
Jersey  Regiment,  and  at  the  close  of  the 
war  was  promoted  to  Brigadier-General, 
and  held  the  office  of  Major-General  of 
Militia.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  from  1787  to  1788.  He 
died  at  Elizabethtown,  July,  1807,  aged 
seventy-one. 

Dayton,  Jonathan. — A  native  of 
New  Jersey;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1776;  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention,  in  1787,  which  formed  the 
Constitution  and  signed  that  instrument; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  frojn 
1791  to  1799;  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  from  1795  to  1797;  and 
was  a  Senator  of  the  United  States,  from 
New  Jersey,  from  1799  to  1805.  He  was 
a  distinguished  statesman,  and  died  at 
Elizabethtovvn,  New  Jersey,  October  9, 
1824,  aged  about  sixty-eight  years. 

Dayton,  William  £.  —  Born  in 
Somerset  County,  New  Jersey,  February 
17,  1807;  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1825 ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  hav 
ing  come  to  the  bar  in  1830;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  of  New  Jersey  in 
1837 ;  was  appointed  one  of  the  Justices 
of  the  Superior  Court  of  the  State  Feb 
ruary  28,  1838,  and  resigned  said  office  in 
1841,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1842  to 
1851.  In  March,  1857,  was  appointed 
Attorney-General  of  New  Jersey,  which 
office  he  held  until  1861,  when  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  Minister 
to  France.  He  was  also  a  Regent  of  the 
Smithsonian  Institution.  Died  in  Paris, 
December  2,  1864. 

Dean,  Ezra, — He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1841  to  1845. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Ill 


Dean,  Gilbert. — Was  born  in  Pleas 
ant  Valley,  Duchess  County,  New  York. 
In  May,  1837,  he  entered  the  Amcnia 
Seminary,  and  in  September  of  the  same 
year  he  went  to  Yale  College,  and  grad 
uated  in  1841.  He  studied  law  in  Pine 
Plains,  and  commenced  practice  in  Pough- 
keepsie  in  1844,  attaining  eminence  in  his 
profession ;  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1851  to  1853.  Was  re-elected  for  a  second 
term,  but  resigned  in  1855  to  accept  the 
office  of  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State. 

Dean,  Josiah. — He  was  born  in 
Baynham,  Massachusetts,  March  16, 
1748 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1805 ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1807  to  1809.  From 
1804  to  1807  he  was  a  State  Senator;  and 
in  1810  and  1811  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature.  Died  October  14, 
1818. 

Dean,  Sidney. — He  was  born  in 
Glustenbury,  Hartford  County,  Connecti 
cut,  November  16,  1818.  He  received 
only  a  common-school  education ;  entered 
npon  active  life  as  a  manufacturer;  but 
subsequently  became  a  clergyman.  He 
served  one  year  in  the  Legislature  of  Con 
necticut,  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  in  1855,  and 
re-elected  in  1857;  officiating  during  his 
first  term  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Public  Expenditures,  and  as  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  the  District  of 
Columbia.  In  1860  tie  settled  in  Rhode 
Island  as  a  clergyman. 

Deane,  Silas. — A  native  of  Connecti 
cut;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1758. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1774  to  1776,  when  he  was 
appointed  a  political  and  commercial  agent 
to  France,  but  was  recalled  by  Congress, 
in  consequence  of  certain  contracts  which 
he  made.  In  1784  he  published  an  address 
to  the  citizens  of  the  United  States,  com 
plaining  of  the  manner  in  which  he  had 
been  treated.  He  went  to  Europe  soon 
after  and  died  in  extreme  poverty  at  Deal, 
England,  in  1789.  His  intercepted  letters 
to  his  brothers  and  others  were  published 
in  1782. 

Dearborn,  Henry. — Was  a  native 
of  New  Hampshire,  and  settled,  in  the 
practice  of  Physic,  at  Portsmouth.  He 
was  a  Captain  in  Stark's  regiment  at  the 
battle  of  Bunker  Hill;  he  accompanied 
Arnold  in  the  expedition  through  the 
wilderness  of  Maine  to  Quebec;  he  was 
captured  by  the  British,  and  put  into  close 
confinement ;  but  in  May,  177G,  was  per 
mitted  to  return  on  parole ;  in  March, 
1777,  he  was  exchanged ;  he  served  as  a 
Major  in  the  army  under  Gates  at  the 
capture  of  Burgoyne.  He  distinguished 


himself  at  the  battle  of  Monmouth  by  a 
gallant  charge  on  the  enemy.  Dearborn 
being  sent  to  ask  for  further  orders, 
Washington  inquired,  by  way  of  com 
mendation,  "What  troops  are  those?" 
"  Full-blooded  Yankees  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  sir,"  was  the  reply.  In  1779  he  ac 
companied  Sullivan  in  his  expedition 
against  the  Indians;  in  1780  he  was  with 
the  army  in  New  Jersey;  in  1781  he  was 
at  Yorktown,  at  the  surrender  of  Coru- 
wallis;  in  1789  Washington  appointed  him 
Marshal  of  the  District  of  Maine.  He  was 
elected  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1793  to  1797.  In 
1801  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  War, 
and  held  the  office  till  1809,  when  he  was 
appointed  to  the  office  of  Collector  of 
Boston.  In  1812  he  received  a  commission 
as  senior  Major-General  in  the  army  of 
the  United  States.  In  the  spring  of  1813 
he  captured  York,  in  Upper  Canada,  and 
Fort  George,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Ni 
agara.  He  was  recalled  by  President 
Madison  in  July.  He  was  ordered  to 
assume  the  command  of  the  military  dis 
trict  of  New  York  City.  In  1822  he  was 
appointed  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to 
Portugal ;  two  years  after,  he  returned  to 
America  at  his  own  request.  He  died  in 
1829,  aged  seventy-eight  years. 

Dearborn,  Henry  A.  S.— Born  in 
1783,  in  Exeter,  New  Hampshire ;  was  ed 
ucated  at  William  and  Mary  College, 
Virginia,  and  commenced  the  study  of  law 
in  Washington,  while  his  father  was 
Secretary  of  War  under  Jefferson.  He 
finished  his  studies  at  Salem,  Massa 
chusetts,  and  commenced  to  practice  in 
that  city.  He  removed  to  Portland,  and 
superintended  the  erection  of  the  forts  in 
the  harbor.  He  was  appointed  Collector 
of  Boston  by  President  Madison  (having 
been  previously  made  Deputy  Collector  by 
his  father,  when  Collector),  as  an  induce 
ment  for  his  father  to  accept  the  command 
of  the  army,  and  he  held  the  office  until 
removed  by  General  Jackson  in  1829.  In 
1812  he  was  Brigadier  of  Militia,  and  had 
the  command  of  the  troops  in  Boston 
harbor.  In  1821  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  for  revising  the  Constitution 
of  Massachusetts.  In  1829  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Legislature  from  Roxbury ; 
and  the  same  year  chosen  Executive  Coun 
cillor,  and  the  following  year  a  State 
Senator.  From  1831  to  1833  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress.  He  was 
soon  appointed  Adjutant  -  General  of 
Massachusetts,  and  continued  in  that 
office  till  1843,  when  he  was  removed  for 
lending  some  of  the  State  arms  during  the 
Dorr  Rebellion  in  Rhode  Island.  In  1847 
was  chosen  Mayor  of  Roxbury,  which 
office  he  held  until  his  death.  While  in 
the  Custom-house,  in  Boston,  he  wrote 
and  published  three  volumes  on  the  "  Com 
merce  of  the  Black  Sea."  He  also  wrote 
a  biography  of  Commodore  Baiubridge, 


112 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


and  one  of  his  father ;  a  book  on  Architec 
ture,  and  a  Life  of  Christ.  He  died  in 
Portland,  Maine,  July  29,  1851. 

Deoerry,  Ed mund.—  Born  in  Mont 
gomery  County,  North  Carolina,  August 
14,  1787.  He  was  educated  at  the  ordi 
nary  schools  of  the  county,  and  having 
entered  public  life,  in  1806,  as  a  member 
of  the  State  Legislature,  he  continued  to 
serve  there,  with  occasional  intermissions, 
until  1828 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from 
1829  to  1831,  from  1833  f,o  1845,  and  again 
from  1849  to  1851.  Di-2d  ia  his  native 
county  in  1859. 

De frees,  Josepli  Il.—lle  was  born 
in  Carthage,  White  County,  Tennessee, 
Majr  13,  1812;  received  a  good  common- 
school  education ;  spent  his  early  days  en 
gaged  in  the  printing  business,  but  subse 
quently  turned  his  attention  to  merchan 
dizing  in  Indiana;  in  1836  he  was  elected 
Sheriff  of  Elkhart  County,  and  re-elected 
in  1838;  in  1849  he  was  elected  to  the 
Indiana  Legislature ;  in  1850  to  the  State 
Senate ;  and  in  1864  he  was  chosen  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Indiana,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Banking  and  Currency,  and  Roads 
and  Canals. 

DeGraff,  John  I.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1827  to  1829,  and  again  from  1837  to 
1839. 

Deitz,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Schoharie  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in 
1814  and  1815;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that-State,  from  1825  to  1827; 
and  a  State  Senator  from  1830  to  1833. 

De  JTarnette,  Daniel  C.—  Born  in 
Caroline  County,  Virginia,  in  1822;  re- 
received  a  liberal  education ;  adopted  the 
occupation  of  a  farmer;  served  many 
years  in  the  Legislature  of  Virginia ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  that 
State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Claims.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  District  of  Columbia. "  Withdrew  in 
1861. 

Delano,  Charles.— Born  in  Brain- 
tree,  Massachusetts,  in  1820;  graduated 
at  Amherst  College  in  1840 ;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1842 ;  in  1850  he 
was  appointed  Treasurer  of  Hampshire 
County ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Massachusetts,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Pen 
sions.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 


Delano,  Columbus.— He  was  born 
in  Shorehiim,  Vermont,  in  1309;  removed 
to  Mount  Vemon,  Ohio,  in  1817 ;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  became 
eminently  successful,  both  as  a  criminal 
prosecutor  and  an  advocate.  In  1844  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio, 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  and  served 
on  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions. 
In  1847  he  was  a  candidate  for  Governor, 
but  lacked  two  votes  of  a  nomination. 
In  1860  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Chicago 
Convention.  In  1861  was  appointed  Com 
missary-General  of  Ohio,  and  tilled  the 
ollice  with  great  success  until  the  general 
government  assumed  the  subsistence  of 
all  State  troops.  In  1862  he  was  a  candi 
date  for  United  States  Senator,  but  again 
lacked  two  votes  of  nomination.  In  1863  he 
was  elected  to  the  House  of  Representatives 
of  Ohio,  and  was  a  prominent  member  of 
that  body,  taking  a  leading  part  in  shap 
ing  the  important  legislation  of  that  ses 
sion.  In  1864  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Baltimore  Convention,  and  Chairman  of 
the  Ohio  Delegation,  zealousy  supporting 
President  Lincoln  and  Andrew  Johnson. 
He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Claims.  Having  relin 
quished  the  practice  of  his  profession,  he 
became  extensively  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits  and  the  business  of 
banking.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' Convention"  of 
1866 ;  and  in  1868,  having  contested  the 
seat  of  G.  "VV.  Morgan  for  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  he  was  successful,  and  became 
a  member  of  the  House. 

Delaplaine,  Isaac  C.—lle  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

Dellet,  James.—  He  was  a  native  of 
Ireland,  and  one  of  the  early  graduates 
of  the  University  of  South  Carolina,  hav 
ing  left  it  in  1810;  he  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law,  coming  to  the  bar  in  1813; 
was  a  Commissioner  in  Equity;  removed 
to  Alabama  in  1818,  where  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court,  aud 
frequently  represented  his  County  in  the 
State  Legislature,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Alabama,  from 
1839  to  1841,  and  again  from  1843  to  1845. 
He  died  at  Claibourne,  December  21, 1848, 
aged  sixty  years. 

Deming,  Benjamin  F.—lle  was 
born  at  Danville,  Vermont ;  received  a 
common-school  education;  served  a  num 
ber  of  years  as  a  clerk  in  a  store ;  was 
Clerk  of  the  Court  in  his  native  County 
for  sixteen  years ;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
for  the  term  from  1833  to  1835,  but  died 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KE  COEDS. 


113 


at  Saratoga  Springs,  whither  ho  had  gone 
for  his  health,  July  11,  1834. 

Deining,  Henry  C. — He  was  born 
in  Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1836,  and  at  the  Law  School  of 
Harvard  College  in  1838 ;  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Connecticut  Legislature  in 
1849  and  1850,  and  also  from  1859  to 
1861 ,  serving  as  Speaker  during  the  latter 
year.  In  1851  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate.  He  subsequently  presided 
over  the  City  of  Hartford  as  Mayor  for 
six  years.  In  18G1,  as  Colonel  of  the 
Tweli'th  Regiment  of  Connecticut  Volun 
teers,  he  went  to  New  Orleans,  and  par 
ticipated  in  the  capture  of  that  city.  In 
October,  1862,  he  was  appointed  Mayor 
of  New  Orleans,  which  position  he  held 
until  February,  18G3,  when  he  resigned 
both  that  office  and  his  commission  in  the 
army,  and  returned  home.  Two  months 
afterwards  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Military  Affairs,  and  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Expenditures  in 
the  War  Department.  lie-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  Death  of  President 
Lincoln,  as  well  as  on  his  former  Commit 
tees  ;  and  was  one  of  the  Representatives 
appointed  to  attend  the  funeral  of  General 
Scott,  in  1866.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866. 

De  Mott,  John. — He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey ;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Assembly  in  1833 ;  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1845  to  1847. 

Denison  Charles.  —  Was  born  in 
Wyoming  Valley,  Pennsylvania,  January 
23, 1818;  graduated  at  Dickinson  College 
in  1829 ;  adopted  and  practised  the  pro 
fession  of  law ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Pennsylvania, to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Indian  Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-Ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Indian  Affairs  and  Expen 
ditures  in  the  Navy  Department.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  but  died 
in  Wilkesbarre,  June  27,  18G7. 

Denning,  William.— He  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress,  but  did  not  qual 
ify,  having  resigned. 

Dennis,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Somerset  County,  Maryland,  in  1807;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1S37  to  1841.  He  was  also 
twice  elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  State 
Convention  in  1850.  He  was  educated  for 
the  bar,  but  relinquished  professional  life 
8 


for  the  pursuits  of  agriculture.    Died  of 
consumption  November  1,  1859. 

Dennis,  Littleton  P.— He  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1803;  served 
many  years  in  the  Legislature  of  Mary 
land  ;  aud  was  elected  a  Representative  to 
Congress,  from  Maryland,  in  1833;  and 
died  at  Washington,  April  14,  1834,  before 
the  expiration  of  his  term  in  Congress. 

Dennison,  George. — He  was  born 
in  Luzerne  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1823.  He  was  for 
many  years  Register  aud  Recorder  of 
Luzerne  County,  and,  before  as  well  as 
after  his  service  in  Congress,  was  fre 
quently  returned  to  the  Legislature,  and 
died  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1831,  while  in  office. 

Denny,  Arthur  A.— He  was  born  in 
Indiana  in  1822 ;  went  with  his  parents  to 
Knox  County,  Illinois,  when  fourteen 
years  of  age ;  was  for  eight  years  Survey 
or  of  Knox  County.  In  1851  he  removed 
to  the  Pacific  coast,  and  settled  at  Pugct's 
Sound,  in  what  is  now  called  Washington 
Territory.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Ter 
ritorial  Legislature  from  1853  to  1861; 
four  years  Register  of  the  Land  Office  at 
Olympia;  and  was  elected  a  Delegate 
from  Washington  Territory  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress. 

Denny,  Harmar.—Eora  in  Pitts- 
burg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1794 ;  graduated  at 
Dickinson  College ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  his  native  State,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1829  to 
1837;  and  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  formed  the  present  Constitution  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  died  in  Pittsburg,  Janu 
ary  29,  1852. 

Denoyelles,  Peter. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1813  to  1815. 

Dent,  George. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1793  to  1801,  and  was  appointed  in  the  lat 
ter  year  United  States  Marshal  for  the  Po 
tomac  District.  During  the  third  session 
of  the  Fifth  Congress  he  was  elected 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

Dent,  William  B.  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1853  to- 
1855. 

Denver,  James  W. — Born  in  Win 
chester,  Virginia,  in  1818.  When  quite 
young  he  emigrated  to  Ohio  with  his  par 
ents  ;  received  a  good  education ;  in  1841 
he  went  to  Missouri,  where  he  taught 
school  and  studied  law ;  he  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  a  Captain,  under  appoint- 


114 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


ment  from  President  Polk;  in  1850  he 
went  to  California,  where  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  member  of  a  relief  committee  to 
protect  emigrants,  and  afterwards  Secre 
tary  of  State  of  California ;  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  California,  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress ;  by  President  Buchanan 
he  was  appointed  the  Commissioner  of 
Indian  Afiairs,  which  office  he  resigned  to 
accept  the  appointment  of  Governor  of 
the  Territory  of  Kansas,  which  position 
he  resigned  in  November,  1858,  and  was 
reappointed  Commissioner  of  Indian  Af 
fairs.  Resigned  March,  1859.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Cleveland  "  Soldiers' 
Convention"  of  1866 ;  and  settled  in  Wash 
ington  City  as  an  Attorney-at-Law. 

Desaussure,  William  F. — He  was 

born  in  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in 
1792 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1810;  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  his  na 
tive  State,  from  1852  to  1853. 

DesJia,  Joseph. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  December  9,  1768,  and  emi 
grated  to  Kentucky  in  1781 ;  in  1794  he 
served  as  a  volunteer  in  the  expedition 
against  the  Indians,  under  General  Wayne ; 
served  for  a  time  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
fought  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames  as  a 
Major-General;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1807  to 
1819  ;  was  Governor  of  Kentucky  for  four 
years,  from  1824 ;  and  died  at  Georgetown, 
Kentucky,  October  13,  1842. 

Desha,  Robert. — He  was  a  promi 
nent  merchant  of  Mobile, and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from 
1827  to  1831.  He  was  the  brother  of  Jo 
seph  Dcsha.  He  died  February  8, 1849. 

Destrihan,  John  Noel.— He  was  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  Louisiana,  for  a 
part  of  the  year  1812. 

Dewart,  Lewis. — He  was  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1831  to  1833. 

Dewart,  William  L.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profes 
sion,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Thirty -fifth 
Congress,  from  his  native  State.  He  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Unfinished 
Business. 

Deivey,  Daniel.  — Was  a  lawyer, 
having  studied  under  Theodore  Sedgwick, 
and  attained  a  high  rank  in  his  profession. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Council  of  the 
State,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  in  1813  and  1814, 
when  he  resigned;  was  appointed  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Coirrt  of  Massachusetts 
in  1814.  He  died  June  3,  1815. 

De  Witt,    Alexander.  —  Born    in 


Worcester  County,  Massachusetts,  April 
2, .1797;  was  a  Representative  in  the  Mas 
sachusetts  Legislature  from  1830  to  1836 ; 
devoted  himself  to  the  manufacturing  busi 
ness  ;  was  a  Bank  President ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1853  to  1857.  He  was  also 
a  State  Senator  in  1842,  1844,  1850,  and 
1851 ;  and  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1853. 

De  Witt,  Charles.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1783  to  1785. 

De  Witt,  Charles  G. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1829  to  1831,"and  appointed  Charge 
d' Affaires,  for  Central  America,  in  1833. 
He  died  at  Newburg,  April  13,  1839. 

De  Witt,  Jacob  H.—  He  was  born  in 
Ulster  County,  New  York,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1819  to  1821;  and  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Assembly  in  1839  and  in  1847. 
He  died  at  Kingston,  New  York,  January 
30,  1857,  aged  seventy-three  years. 

De  Wolfe,  James. — He  was  a  Sena 
tor  of  the  United  States,  from  Rhode 
Island,  from  1821  to  1825,  when  he  re 
signed,  and  died  in  the  City  of  New  York, 
December  21,  1837,  aged  seventy-four 
years. 

Dexter,  Samuel. — Was  a  native  of 
Massachusetts,  and  born  in  1761 ;  he  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  College  in  1781;  and, 
having  studied  law  at  Worcester  with  Le- 
vi  Lincoln,  he  soon  rose  to  professional 
eminence.  He  was  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  in  Congress,  from  Mas 
sachusetts,  from  1793  to  1795,  and  was 
elected  to  the  Senate,  serving  from  1799 
to  1800.  During  the  administration  of 
John  Adams  he  was  appointed  Secretary 
of  War  in  1800,  and  Secretary  of  the  Treas 
ury  in  January,  1801 ;  and,  for  a  short  time, 
also  had  the  charge  of  the  Department  of 
State.  On  the  accession  of  Mr.  Jefferson 
to  the  Presidency  he  held  the  office  of  Sec 
retary  of  the  Treasury,  and  not  complying 
with  an  intimation  to  resign,  Mr.  Gallatin 
was  appointed  in  his  place.  In  1812  he 
abandoned  the  party  to  which  he  had  al 
ways  been  attached,  and  became  a  leader 
on  the  other  side,  and,  as  such,  was  a  can 
didate  for  Governor  of  Massachusetts,  in 
1815  and  1816,  in  opposition  to  Governor 
Brooks.  A  mission  to  Spain  was  offered 
him,  by  President  Madison,  in  1815.  He 
died  May  3,  1816. 

DicJc,  John. — Was  born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  bred  a  merchant;  and  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  said  State,  in 
1854  and  1855,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty -fifth  Congresses, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


115 


serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Accounts. 

Dick,  Samuel. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1783  and  1784:. 

Dickens,  Samuel.— A  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
during  the  years  1816  and  1817. 

Dickerson,  MaJilon.—Rorn  in  Mor 
ris  County,  New  Jersey,  in  1769 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1789;  studied 
law,  and  in  early  life  he  resided  in  Penn 
sylvania,  where  he  was  Recorder  of  the 
City  of  Philadelphia,  and  subsequently 
Quartermaster-General  of  the  State;  he 
returned  to  New  Jersey,  and  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  of  that  State.  He  was 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Jer 
sey,  and  was  elected  Governor  of  that 
State  in  1815,  and  held  the  office  until  181 7, 
when  he  was  chosen  United  States  Sena 
tor,  from  New  Jersey,  and  continued  in 
that  office  for  sixteen  years,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Manufac 
tures,  as  well  as  others.  In  1834  he  became 
Secretary  of  the  Navy,  in  the  cabinet  of 
President  Jackson,  and  held  that  Depart 
ment  until  1838,  some  two  years  after  the 
accession  of  President  Van  Buren.  For 
two  years  he  was  President  of  the  Ameri 
can  Institute.  He  died  in  Morris  County, 
New  Jersey,  October  5,  1853. 

Dickerson,  Philemon.  —  A  native 
of  New  Jersey ;  was  an  officer  in  the  Amer 
ican  Revolution,  and  enjoyed  a  great  repu 
tation  for  courage  and  zeal  in  the  cause  of 
liberty.  He  commanded  the  Jersey  Militia 
at  the  battle  of  Monmouth.  He  was  a 
Delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1782  to  1783;  and 
after  the  organization  of  the  National  Gov 
ernment  in  its  present  form,  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1790 
to  1793.  Having  discharged  in  a  satisfac 
tory  manner  the  duties  of  the  several  civil 
and  military  stations  which  he  held,  he 
enjoyed  several  years  of  retirement  from 
public  life,  and  died  at  Trenton  in  1809. 

Dickerson,  Philemon. — He  was  the 

brother  of  Mahlon  Dickerson,  a  native  of 
New  Jersey,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  the  Paterson  District,  in  that 
State,  from  1833  to  1835,  and  again  from 
1839  to  1841.  In  1836  he  was  Governor  of 
New  Jersey,  and  was  subsequently  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  United  States  Dis 
trict  Court  for  New  Jersey.  Died  at  Pat 
erson,  New  Jersey,  December  10,  1862, 
aged  about  seventy  years. 

Dickey,  Jesse  C.—  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851. 


DicJcey,  John. — He  was  a  member 
of  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1843 
to  1845,  and  from  1847  to  1849 ;  and  at  the 
time  of  his  death  was  United  States  Mar 
shal  for  Western  Pennsylvania.  He  died 
in  Beaver  County,  March  14,  1853. 

Dickinson,  Daniel  S.— He  was  born 
in  Goshen,  Litchfleld  County,  Connecti 
cut,  September  11,  1800;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Chenango  County,  New  York,  in 
1806;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion;  and  in  1821  he  entered  upon  the  du 
ties  of  a  school-teacher,  and,  without  the 
aid  of  an  instructor,  mastered  the  Latin 
language,  and  became  versed  in  the  higher 
branches  of  mathematics  and  other  sci 
ences.  He  studied  law,  came  to  the  bar 
in  1830,  and  settled  in  Binghamton,  where 
he  long  practised  his  profession  with  suc 
cess.  In  1836  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate,  serving  from  1837  to  1840;  was 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Errors  from  1836  to 
1841;  from  1842  to  1844  he  was  President 
of  said  Court,  Lieutenant-Govcrnor,  and 
also  President  of  the  Senate ;  was  a  Re 
gent  of  the  University  of  New  York  in 
1843;  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  nominated  J.  K.  Polk  for  President, 
and  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1844 ;  and  he 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1844  to  1851,  serving  on  im 
portant  committees,  originating  "and  ably 
supporting  several  important  measures. 
In  1861  he  was  elected  Attorney-General 
of  the  State  of  New  York;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  "'Baltimore  Convention"  of  1864; 
and  in  1865  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  United  States  District  Attorney 
for  the  Southern  District  of  New  York; 
and  died  suddenly  in  that  city,  April  12, 
1866.  Before  accepting  his  last  public  po 
sition  he  declined  several  appointments 
tendered  to  him  by  the  President  of  the 
United  States  and  the  Governor  of  New 
York.  His  "  Life  and  Works  "  were  pub 
lished  in  1867,  in  two  volumes. 

Dickinson,  David  W. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1833  to  1835,  and  again  from 
1843  to  1845,  and  died  at  Franklin,  Ten 
nessee,  April  27,  of  the  latter  year. 

Dickinson,    Edward.  —  He    was 

born  in  Massachusetts ;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law;  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  Legislature  in  1838  and 
1839 ;  a  State  Senator  in  1842  and  1843 ; 
a  State  Councillor  in  1845  and  1846;  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mas 
sachusetts,  from  1853  to  1855.  He  was  a 
graduate  of  Amhcrst  College,  and  a  law 
yer  by  profession. 

Dickinson,  John.— He  studied  law 
in  Philadelphia,  and  spent  three  years  at 
the  Temple  in  London.  On  his  return  to 
America  he  commenced  to  practise  in 
Philadelphia.  In  1764  he  was  a  member 


116 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


of  the  Assembly,  and  in  17G5  of  the  Gen 
eral  Congress.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  from  1774  to  1776, 
and  opposed  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence,  fearing  the  strength  of  the 
country  insufficient  to  take  so  important 
a  stand,  but  was  the  only  member  of  Con 
gress  to  face  the  enemy  a  few  days  after 
the  publication  of  the  Declaration.  From 
1776  to  1777  he  was  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress  from  Delaware,  and  again  from 
1779  to  1780,  and  signed  the  Articles  of 
Confederation,  as  well  as  the  Constitu 
tion.  In  1781  he  was  President  of  that 
State.  In  1782  he  was  chosen  President 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  filled  that  office  till 
1785.  In  1767  he  began  to  publish  his 
letters  against  taxation,  and  wrote  the 
greater  portion  of  the  State  papers  of  the 
First  Congress.  His  collected  writings 
were  published  in  1801.  He  died  in  1808, 
aged  seventy-five. 

Dicfcinson,  <To7in  D.—lle  was  born 
in  Middlesex  Count}',  Connecticut,  iu 
1767 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College,  in  1785 ; 
and  was  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1819  to  1823,  and,  again 
from  1827  to  1831 ;  and  died  at  Troy,  Jan 
uary  28,  1841. 

Dickinson,  Rudolphus.—lle  was 
born  in  Massachusetts,  and,  having  re 
moved  to  Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1847  to  1849.  Died  in  August,  1849. 

Dicfeson,  David. — He  was  a  member 
of  Congress,  from  Mississippi,  in  1835 
and  1836,  and  died  at  Little  Rock,  Arkan 
sas,  July  31,  1836. 

DicJtson,  John.— lie  graduated  at 
Middlebury  College  in  1S08 ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1831  to  1835,  and  died  at  West 
Bloomfield,  New  York,  February  22,  1852. 

DicJeson,  Samuel. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
during  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress.  He 
died  at  his  residence,  in  New  Scotland, 
New  York,  May  3,  1858,  in  consequence 
of  spinal  injuries  received  while  in  the 
faithful  discharge  of  his  public  duties  at 
Washington.  He  had  been  bred  a  physi 
cian,  and  was  universally  respected. 

DicJcson,  William.— lie  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1801  to  1807. 

DillinffJtam,  Paul,  Jr.— He   was 

bora  in  Shutesbury,  Franklin  County, 
Massachusetts,  August,  1800;  removed 
to  Waterbuiy,  Vermont,  with  his  father, 
in  1805 ;  received  a  good  education ; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  and  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  Washington 
County,  in  1824.  He  was  Town  Clerk  of 


Waterbury,  from  1829  to  1844,  and  Jus 
tice  of  the  Peace  eighteen  years.  He  was 
State's  Attorney,  for  Washington  County, 
from  1835  to  1838 ;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Constitutional  Convention  in  1836  and 
1837.  He  was  a  Representative  to  the 
General  Assembly  six  years,  and  State 
Senator  in  1841  and  1842 ;  and  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1843  to 
1847,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  the  Judiciary.  He  has  since  that  time 
devoted  himself  to  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession;  and  was  elected  Governor  of 
Vermont  for  the  year  1866. 

Dimmick,  Milo  M.—lle  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  that  State,  from 
1849  to  1853. 

Ditnmick,  William  JF.  —  He  was 
born  in  Milford,  Pike  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  December  20,  1815;  he  received  an 
academical  education,  and  adopted  the 
profession  of  law.  He  was  Prosecuting 
Attorney,  for  the  Commonwealth  of  Penn 
sylvania,  for  Wayne  County,  in  1836  and 
1837 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1845,  1846,  and  1847 ;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  in 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  officiating  as 
Chairman  of  the  Joint  Committee  on  the 
Library.  He  was  also  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Printing.  Died  at  Hones- 
dale,  Pennsylvania,  August  2,  1861. 

Dimock,  Davis,  Jr.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1841  to  1842.  Died  January  13, 
1842. 

Dinsmoor,  Samuel.— lie  was  born 
at  Londonderry,  New  Hampshire,  in  1766 ; 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1789 ; 
was  for  many  years  a  Major-General  of 
Militia;  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1821; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  Hampshire,  from  1811  to  1813;  a 
Judge  of  Probate;  and  served  as  Gov 
ernor  of  his  native  State  during  the  years 
1831,  1832,  and  1833.  He  died  at  Keeue, 
March  15,  1835. 

Disney,  David  T.—lle  was  a  native 
of  Baltimore,  Maryland,  and  removed  to 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1820.  He  was  fre 
quently  a  member  of  both  branches  of  the 
State  Legislature  of  Ohio,  and  three  times 
elected  Speaker.  He  represented  his 
adopted  State  in  Congress,  from  1849  to 
1855.  He  died  in  Washington,  March  14, 
1857,  aged  fifty-four  years. 

Diven,  Alexander   S.  —  He    was 

born  at  the  head  of  Seneca  Lake,  town 
of  Catharine,  and  County  of  Tioga,  New 
York,  February  15,  1809;  received  an 
academical  education;  studied  law  and 
adopted  that  profession;  was  a  Senator 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    EECOEDS. 


117 


in  the  New  York  Legislature,  in  1858 ; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  Judiciary. 

Dim,  John  A. — Born  in  Boscawen, 
New  Hampshire,  July  24,  1798.  He  com 
menced  his  education  by  attending  the 
academies  at  Salisbury  and  Exeter;  spent 
one  year  in  a  French  College  at  Montreal ; 
and,  in  18]  2,  was  appointed  a  cadet  in  the 
army,  but,  instead  of  going  to  West  Point, 
preferred  to  join  the  army  on  the  frontier 
as  an  Ensign;  and  in  1813  he  was  acting- 
Adjutant  of  an  independent  battalion.  In 
181:)  he  was  Aide-de-camp  to  Major-Gen 
eral  Brown,  but  devoted  his  leisure  to  the 
study  of  law;  from  that  time  until  1828, 
he  visited  Cuba  and  travelled  in  Europe 
for  his  health,  when  he  settled  at  Coop- 
crstown  as  a  lawyer.  In  1831  he  was  Ad 
jutant-General  under  Governor  Throop ; 
in  1833  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of 
State  of  New  York,  and  was  a  Regent  of 
the  State  University;  in  1841  he  was 
elected  to  the  Assembly,  from  Albany; 
and  after  making  another  visit  abroad, 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
where  he  served  from  1845  to  1849.  In 
1820  he  received  from  Brown  University 
the  Degree  of  Master  of  Arts,  and  in 
1845,  from  Geneva  College,  the  Degree 
of  Doctor  of  Laws.  In  1852  he  published 
a  book  entitled,  "  A  Winter  in  Madeira." 
In  I860  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Buchanan,  Postmaster  of  New  York ;  and 
in  January,  1861,  was  appointed  by  Mr. 
Buchanan,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 
He  served  in  1861  and  1862  as  a  Major- 
General  of  Volunteers,  and  was  appointed 
to  the  same  position  in  the  regular  army. 
On  the  organization  of  the  Pacific  Rail 
road  Company  he  was  elected  its  Presi 
dent.  In  1866  he  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  National  Union  Convention," 
held  in  Philadelphia;  was  appointed  by 
President  Johnson,  Minister  to  the  Neth 
erlands,  but  declined;  a  few  weeks  later, 
was  appointed  Naval  Officer  for  the  port 
of  New  York,  from  which  position  he  was 
soon  transferred  to  France  as  Minister 
Plenipotentiary. 

Dixon,  Archibald.— Was  born  in 
Caswell  County,  North  Carolina,  April  2, 
1802,  and  removed  with  his  father  to 
Henderson  County,  Kentucky,  in  1805. 
He  received  only  a  plain  English  educa 
tion  at  the  county  schools,  but  made 
good  use  of  his  advantages,  aud  at  the 
age  of  twenty  entered  upon  the  study  of 
law,  and  acquired  considerable  reputation 
as  a  lawyer.  In  1830  he  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Legislature,  and  in  1836 
in  the  State  Senate,  aud  again  in  the 
Lower  House  in  !S4l.  In  1843  was  elect 
ed  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Kentucky.  In 
1849  was  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  for  reforming  State  laws,  and 


was  a  member  of  the  United  States  Sen 
ate,  from  1852  to  1855,  being  elected  to 
lill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resigna 
tion  of  his  friend,  Henry  Clay. 

Dixon,  James.— lie  was    born    in 

Enrield,  Connecticut,  August  5,  1814; 
graduated  at  Williams  College,  Massachu 
setts,  in  1834 ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  was  a  member  of  the  House  in  the 
Legislature  of  Connecticut  in  1837,  1838, 
and  1844,  aud  of  the  State  Senate  in  1849 
and  1854 ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Connecticut  from  1845  to  1849 ; 
was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  six 
years  from  1857;  was  re-elected  in  1863 
for  the  term  ending  in  1869 ;  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Manufactures  aud  va 
rious  other  committees,  and  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Contingent  Ex 
penses  of  the  Senate,  of  the  Committee 
on  the  District  of  Columbia,  aud  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Post  Office  aud  Post 
Roads.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
National  Committee  appointed  to  accom 
pany  the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to 
Illinois.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  1866. 

Dixon,  Joseph  Henry.— &  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1799  to  1801. 

Dixon,  Nathan  F.—  Born  at  Plain- 
field,  Connecticut,  in  1774;  graduated  at 
Brown  University  in  1799;  studied  law, 
and  established  himself  in  Rhode  Island, 
in  1802,  to  practise  his  profession.  In 
1813  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Gen 
eral  Assembly  of  that  State,  and  contin 
ued  to  serve  in  that  capacity  for  seventeen 
years.  From  1839  to  1842  he  was  a  Sena 
tor  of  the  United  States.  He  died  at 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  Janu 
ary  29,  1842.  His  son,  bearing  the  same 
name,  was  also  in  Congress. 

Dixon,  Nathan  F. — Born  in  West 
erly,  Rhode  Island,  May  1,  1812;  fitted  for 
Coilcge  at  Plainfleld  Academy,  in  Connect 
icut,  and  graduated  at  Brown  University 
in  1833.  He  attended  the  Law  Schools  at 
New  Haven  and  Cambridge,  aud  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  New  London  in  1837, 
and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion  in  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assem 
bly  of  Rhode  Island  from  1840  to  1849 ; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1844 ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Rhode 
Island,  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress.  He 
was  again  elected  to"  the  General  Assem 
bly  of  his  State  in  1851,  and,  with  the  ex 
ception  of  two  years,  held  the  office  until 
1859.  In  1863  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce ; 
and  was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty -ninth 
Congress.  His  father  bearing  the  same 


118 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    EECOED8. 


name  was  a  Senator  in  Congress.  In  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  he  served  on  the 
Committees  on  Commerce  and  Expendi 
tures  on  the  Public  Buildings.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loy 
alists'  Convention  "  of  18GG,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Doane,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Maine,  and,  having  removed  to  Ohio,  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1843. 

Dobbin,  James  C.— He  was  born  in 
1814;  graduated  at  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1832.  He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  his  native 
State,  in  1845,  and  declined  a  re-election. 
He  served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1848 
and  1850,  and  during  the  last  session  offi 
ciated  as  Speaker;  and  in  1852  was  a 
Presidential  Elector.  His  eloquence  at 
the  bar  and  in  the  legislative  hall  is  said 
to  have  been  of  the  most  winning  charac 
ter,  and  his  urbane  manners  and  amiable 
disposition  made  him  a  general  favorite. 
He  was  Secretary  of  the  Navy  during  the 
whole  of  President  Pierce's  administra 
tion,  and  he  died  at  Fayetteville,  North 
Carolina,  August  4,  1857. 

DocJcery,  A. — He  was  a  native  of 
North  Carolina,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847,  and  again  from  1851  to  1853. 

Dodd,  Edivard.  — Born  in  Salem, 
Washington  County,  New  York,  in  1805 ; 
was  bred  a  merchant;  chosen  County 
Clerk  of  the  County  of  Washington  for 
three  terms  of  three  years  each,  com 
mencing  January  1,  1835;  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  New 
York  in  1846 ;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  in  1855,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  the  District  of 
Columbia. 

Doddridge,  Philip. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  in 
1829,  and  continued  in  that  position  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  in  Washington 
November  19,  1832.  Pie  was  a  distin 
guished  lawyer,  and  commanded  great  in 
fluence  in  Congress.  He  was  about  sixty 
years  of  age. 

Dodge,  Augustus  C.—  He  was  born 
in  St.  Genevieve,  Missouri,  January  2,  1812, 
and  was  a  Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the 
Territory  of  Iowa,  from  1841  to  1847 ;  a 
Presidential  Elector  for  the  State  of  Iowa, 
in  1848;  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
the  State  of  Iowa,  from  1848  to  1855; 
after  which  he  received,  from  President 
Pierce,  the  appointment  of  Minister  to 
Spain,  Avhich  he  resigned.  He  was  a  Del 
egate  also  to  the  Chicago  Convention  of 
1864,  and  also  to  the  Philadelphia  "Na 


tional  Union  Convention  "  of  1866.  From 
1838  to  1841  he  also  held  the  office  of  Reg 
ister  of  the  Land  Office  at  Burlington, 
Iowa. 

Dodge,  Grenvllle  M. — He  was  born 
in  Danvers,  Massachusetts,  April  12,  1831 ; 
graduated  at  the  Norwich  University  of 
Vermont  in  1850;  adopted  the  profession 
of  civil  engineer,  and  was  employed  on 
several  important  railroads  in  the  West, 
and  became  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Union 
Pacific  Railroad;  in  1861  he  entered  the 
military  service  as  Captain;  raised  the 
Fourth  Regiment  of  Iowa  Infantry,  and 
was  made  Colonel;  in  1862  he  was  ap 
pointed  Brigadier-General  for  services  at 
Pea  Ridge ;  after  various  services  in  Mid 
dle  Tennessee,  at  Vicksburg,  and  Corinth, 
he  took  an  active  part  in  the  Atlantic  cam 
paign,  and  was  promoted  to  be  a  Major- 
General  on  the  recommendations  of  Gen 
erals  Grant,  Sherman,  and  McPherson, 
and  was  subsequently  in  command  of  the 
Departments  of  Wisconsin,  Kansas,  and 
the  Plains,  and  soon  after,  resigning  his 
commission  in  the  army,  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Iowa,  to  the  I  ortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  ou 
Military  Aifairs  and  Roads  and  Canals. 

Dodge,  Henry.  —  He  was  born  in 

Vincennes,  Indiana,  October  12,  1782,  and 
removed  to  Wisconsin ;  served,  with  great 
credit,  as  an  officer  of  volunteers,  ou  the 
north-western  frontiers,  and  was  Briga 
dier-General  of  Missouri  troops  in  1812. 
He  distinguished  himself  especially  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war,  and,  as  an  Indian  lighter, 
was  thought  to  have  no  superior.  When 
the  First  Regiment  of  Dragoons  was  raised 
in  1833,  he  was  appointed  Colonel,  which 
office  he  resigned  in  1836,  when  he  was 
appointed  Governor  of  Wisconsin  Terri 
tory  and  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs, 
serving  as  such  from  1836  to  1841  and  from 
1845  to  1848.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  from  Wisconsin,  from  1841  to  1845, 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  the  State 
of  Wisconsin,  from  1848  to  1857.  Died 
at  Burlington,  Iowa,  in  June,  1867.  He 
was  the  father  of  Augustus  C.  Dodge. 

Dodge,  William  E. — He  was  born  in 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  September  4, 1805 ; 
received  a  good  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  in  his  thirteenth  year  he  removed  to 
New  York  and  entered  a  counting-house 
as  clerk ;  and  on  reaching  the  age  of 
twenty-one  he  commenced  business  on  his 
own  account,  and  was  for  forty  years  at 
the  head  of  one  of  the  most  extensive  im 
porting  and  manufacturing  establishments 
in  the  country.  He  was  prominently  con 
nected  with  many  of  the  public  improve 
ments  of  the  day;  was  a  member  of  the 
"Peace  Convention"'  of  1881;  devoted 
much  time  and  money  to  the  support  of  the 
Government  during  the  Rebellion;  was 
for  many  years  President  of  the  National 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


119 


Temperance  Society;  active  iu  the  vari 
ous  religions  and  benevolent  operations 
of  New  York ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  having  successfully  con 
tested  the  seat  of  James  Brooks ;  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists  Convention"  of  1866. 

Doe,  Nicholas  B.  —  Born  in  New 
York,  and  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress, 
in  place  of  A.  Brown,  deceased. 

Doiff,  Andrew  W.—  He  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  New  York,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1839  to  1843,  having  previ 
ously  served  one  year,  1832,  in  the  State 
Assembly.  He  was  many  years  a  teacher 
and  surveyor,  a  County  Clerk  for  one 
year,  and  held  the  office  of  Surrogate  from 
1835  to  1840,  He  went  to  California  iu 
1849,  but  subsequently  returned  to  his  na 
tive  county. 

Donnell,  Richard  S.—IIe  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1847  to  1849.  In  1863  he  published  a  Let 
ter  on  the  Rebellion,  whicli  attracted  great 
attention. 

Donnelly,  Ignatius.— He  was  born 
in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  November 
3,  1831;  graduated  at  the  Central  High 
School  in  that  city;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853;  emigrated  to 
Minnesota  in  1857 ;  was  elected  Lieutenant- 
Governor  of  that  State  in  1859 ;  re-elected 
in  1861,  and  in  1862  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Minnesota,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  and  served  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads 
and  Expenditures  in  the  Interior  Depart 
ment,  and  also  on  the  Special  Committee 
on  the  Pacific  Railroad ;  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Pacific  Railroad  and  the 
Public  Lands,  and  also  on  that  on  a  Bureau 
of  Education.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress. 

Doolittlc,  James  It. — Born  in  Hamp 
ton,  Washington  County,  New  York,  Jan 
uary  3,  1815 ;  graduated  at  Geneva  College 
in  1834 ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  Supreme  Court 
of  New  York  in  1837.  He  was  District 
Attorney  for  several  years  of  Wyoming 
County,  New  York;  removed  to  Wiscon 
sin  in  1851;  was  chosen  Judge  of  the 
First  Judicial  Circuit  of  that  State  in 
1853,  but  resigned  in  1856.  He  was 
elected  a  Senator  of  the  United  States  in 
1857,  for  six  years,  serving  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs,  and 
as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Foreign 
Affairs,  Commerce,  and  Military  Affairs. 


He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Peace  Con 
gress  of  1861.  In  1863  he  was  re-elected 
to  the  Senate  for  the  term  ending  in  1869. 
During  the  summer  recess  of  1865,  as  a 
member  of  a  Special  Committee  of  the 
Senate,  he  visited  the  Indian  tribes  west 
of  the  Mississippi  River.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National 
Union  Convention "  of  1866,  taking  au 
active  part  in  its  proceedings. 

Dorscy,  Clement.— He  was  born  in 
Anne  Arundcl  County,  Maryland,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  ,1825  to  1831.  Died  August  6, 
1846. 

Doty,  tTames  D.— He  was  born  in 
New  York ;  was  a  Delegate  to  Congress, 
from  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin,  from 
1839  to  1841,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  from 
1849  to  1853.  He  was  also,  for  many 
years,  United  States  Judge  for  Northern 
Michigan;  also  Superintendent  of  Indian 
Affairs ;  and  from  1841  to  1844  Governor 
of  Wisconsin.  In  1864  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Lincoln,  Governor  of  Utah, 
of  which  Territory  he  had  previously  been 
Treasurer;  and  died  in  1865. 

Doubleday,  Ulysses  F.  —  He  was 

born  iu  New  York,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1831  to  1833,  and  again  from  1835  to  1837. 

Douglas,  Stephen  A.—  Was  born  at 
Brandon,  Rutland  County,  Vermont,  April 
23,  1813.  He  lost  his  father  while  an  in 
fant,  and  his  mother  being  left  in  destitute 
circumstances,  he  entered  a  cabinet  shop  at 
Middlebury,  in  his  native  State,  for  the  pur 
pose  of  learning  the  trade.  After  remain 
ing  there  for  several  months,  he  returned 
to  Brandon,  where  he  continued  for  ayear 
at  the  same  calling,  but  his  health  obliged 
him  to  abandon  it,  and  he  became  a  stu 
dent  in  the  academy.  His  mother  having 
married  a  second  time,  he  followed  her  to 
Canandaigua,  iu  the  State  of  New  York. 
Here  he  pursued  the  study  of  the  law  until 
his  removal  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1831. 
From  Cleveland  he  went  still  further  West, 
and  finally  settled  in  Jacksonville,  Illinois. 
He  was  at  first  employed  as  clerk  to  an 
auctioneer,  and  afterwards  kept  school, 
devoting  all  the  time  he  could  spare  to  the 
study  of  the  law.  In  1834  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  soon  obtained  a  lucrative  prac 
tice,  and  was  elected  Attorney-General  of 
the  State.  In  1837  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Van  Buren,  Register  of  the  Land 
Oflice,  at  Springfield,  Illinois,  lie  after 
wards  practised  his  profession,  and,  in 
1840,  was  elected  Secretary  of  State,  and 
the  following  year  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court.  This  office  he  resigned,  alter  sit 
ting  upon  the  bench  for  two  years,  in  con 
sequence  of  ill  health.  In  1843  he  was 
elected  to  Congress,  and  continued  a  mem.- 


120 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


her  of  the  lower  house  for  four  years.  In 
December,  1847,  he  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  ending 
in  1853;  was  re-elected  for  the  term  end 
ing  1859 ;  and  re-elected  for  another  term, 
but  died  in  Chicago,  June  3,  1861.  He  was 
Chairman,  among  others,  of  the  Committee 
on  Territories.  In  I860  he  was  the  candi 
date  of  his  own  party  for  the  office  of  Pres 
ident,  but  was  defeated. 

Dowdell,  James  F. — Born  in  Jasper 
County,  Georgia,  November  26,  1818; 
graduated  at  Randolph  Macon  College  in 
1840,  and  was  a  lawyer  by  profession;  he 
removed  to  Alabama  in  1846,  and  took 
charge  of  a  female  college  for  one  year, 
and  afterwards  engaged  in  farming  and 
planting.  In  1848  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector.  He  was  a  Representative,  from 
Alabama,  in  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  and  Thirty-lifth  Congresses,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Ways 
and  Means,  and  also  that  of  Inquiry  into 
the  Cost  of  Public  Printing  and  Laws  re 
lating  thereto. 

Doivning,  Charles. — He  was  born 
iu  Virginia,  and  was  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  from  the  Territory  of  Florida,  from 
1837  to  1841.  Died  October  24,  1841. 

Doivns,  Solomon  W.—  He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  in  1801;  graduated  at  the 
Transylvania  University;  studied  law 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1825 ;  settled  in 
Louisiana;  was  United  States  District  At 
torney  from  1845  to  1847 ;  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1844 ;  Collector  of  the  Port  of 
New  Orleans;  ami  from  1847  to  1853  a 
Senator  in  Congress  from  Louisiana.  He 
died  at  Orchard  Springs,  Kentucky,  Au 
gust  14,  1854. 

Doivse,  Edward.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1819  to  1821,  and  having  re 
signed,  W.  Eustis  was  elected  in  his 
place. 

Dowse,  William.— He  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress,  but  died  before  tak 
ing  his  seat.  Died  February  18,  1813. 

Drake,  Charles  C. — He  was  born  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  11,  1811;  received 
an  academical  education;  in  1827  he  en 
tered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman,  and  re 
mained  in  it  until  1830;  he  then  pro 
ceeded  to  study  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1833 ;  in  1834  he  removed  to  St. 
Louis,  where  he  practised  his  profession ; 
in  1859  he  was  elected  to  the  Missouri 
Legislature;  in  1861  and  1862  he  took  an 
active  and  conspicuous  part  against  the 
secession  movement ;  in  1863  he  was 
elected  to  the  Missouri  State  Convention ; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1864;  in 
1865  he  was  a  member  and  Vice-President 


of  the  Convention  that  formed  the  pres 
ent  constitution  of  Missouri;  and  in  Jan 
uary,  1867,  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  Missouri  for  the  term  end 
ing  in  1873,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Naval  Affairs,  Pacific  Railroad,  Contingent 
Expenses,  and  Ordnance. 

DraJce,  John  JR. — He  was  one  of  the 

earliest  settlers  in  Tioga  Count}7,  New 
York;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1817  to  1819;  was 
elected  Judge  of  Tioga  County  in  1833; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  As 
sembly  in  1834.  He  was  in  ill  health  for 
eight  years  before  his  death,  which  oc 
curred  at  Oswego,  March  21,  1857,  in  the 
seventy-fourth  year  of  his  age. 

Draper,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1830  to  1831,  and  again  from  1832  to  1833. 

Drayton,  William. — Born  in  St. 
Augustine,  Florida,  December  30,  1776; 
went  to  school  in  England,  and  on  return 
ing  to  South  Carolina  was  for  a  time 
Assistant  Clerk  in  a  Court  of  Sessions; 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1797 ; 
was  a  Captain  in  the  South  Carolina  Mili 
tia;  iu  1812  was  commissioned  a  Colonel 
in  the  United  States  Army,  and  Inspector- 
General  in  1814;  assisted  Generals  Scott 
and  Macomb  in  preparing  a  System  of  In 
fantry  Tactics  for  the  army ;  was  elected 
Recorder  of  Charleston  in  1819;  was  a 
Representative  iu  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1825  to  1833 ;  and  was 
chosen  President  of  the  United  States 
Bank  in  1840.  Died  in  Philadelphia,  May 
24,  1846. 

Drayton,    William   Henry.— lie 

was  born  in  South  Carolina ;  was  educated 
at  Westminster  and  Oxford,  England ;  in 
1771  was  appointed  a  Judge;  was  Presi 
dent  of  the  Provincial  Congress;  was 
made  Chief  Justice  in  1776;  he  was  a 
warm  advocate  of  freedom,  and  published 
various  pamphlets  which  strengthened 
the  American  cause ;  he  was  a  leading 
member  of  the  South  Carolina  Assembly; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1778  to  1779,  and  was  a  signer 
of  the  Articles  of  Confederation.  He  was 
the  author  of  a  "  History  of  the  Revolu 
tion,"  which  was  published  in  three  vol 
umes,  by  his  son,  in  1821. 

Driggs,  John  F.  —  Was  born  in 
Kinderhook,  New  York,  March  3,  1813; 
was  apprenticed  to  a  mechanical  business 
connected  with  building  in  New  York  City, 
and  was  a  master-mechanic  until  1856;  iu 
1844  he  was  appointed  Superintendent  of 
the  New  York  Penitentiary,  holding  the 
office  one  year ;  settled  in  East  Sagiuavv, 
Michigan,  in  1856 ;  was  President  of  that 
village  in  1858  ;  during  the  two  following 
years  he  was  a  member  of  the  Michigan 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


121 


Legislature ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Michigan,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  Public  Lands, 
lie-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Invalid 
Pensions,  Mines  and  Mining,  and  Public 
Lands.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
186G,  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress. 

Drum,  Augustus. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Dromgoole,   George    €.— He  was 

born  in  Virginia;  educated  a  lawyer;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Virginia,  from  1835  to  1841,  and  also  from 
1843  to  1847 ;  and  died  April  27,  1847.  He 
entered  public  life  when  young ;  served  for 
years  in  the  two  houses  of  the  State  Leg 
islature,  and  was  President  of  the  Senate; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  second  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  Virginia. 

Duane,  James.— A.  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  was  a  Delegate,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  1774  to 
1784,  and  signed  the  Articles  of  Confeder 
ation.  He  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Dis 
trict  Court  of  New  York  in  1789;  and  was 
first  Mayor  of  New  York,  after  its  recovery 
from  the  British.  Died  in  1797. 

Dudley,  diaries  E.—'Re  was  born 
in  Rhode  Island,  but  early  settled  in  Al 
bany,  New  York.  He  was  a  merchant  by 
occupation,  and  attained  great  wealth.  He 
was  at  one  time  Mayor  of  Albany,  served 
in  the  New  York  Legislature  from  1820  to 
1825,  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1828  to  1833.  Died  at 
Albany,  January  23,  1841.  His  widow 
founded  an  astronomical  observatory  at 
Albany,  to  which  she  gave  the  name  of 
her  husband. 

Dudley,   Edward    B.— He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1829  to  1831 ;  and  in  1836 
was  elected  the  first  Governor  of  North 
Carolina  under  the  amended  Constitution 
of  that  State.  He  was  subsequently  ap 
pointed  President  of  the  Wilmington  and 
Raleigh  Railroad  Company,  and  died  at 
Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  in  Novem 
ber,  1S55. 

Duell,  R.  Holland.— Born  in  War 
ren,  Herkimer  County,  New  York,  Decem 
ber  20,  1823 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1845 ;  in  1850  he  was  elected  Dis 
trict  Attorney  for  Cortland  County,  and 
held  the  office  six  years;  in  1856  he  was 
elected  County  Judge  for  said  county ;  and 
in  1858  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 


from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Claims.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Duer,  William.— He  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  in  1777  and  1778,  and  his  son,  bear 
ing  the  same  name,  Avas  a  Representative 
in  the  Federal  Congress.  He  was  one  of 
the  signers  of  the  Articles  of  Confederation. 

Duer,  William.— Born  in  the  City 
of  New  York,  May  25,  1805.  He  gradu 
ated  at  Columbia  College  in  1824;  studied 
law,  and  in  1828  removed  to  Oswego,  soon 
after  returning  to  New  York;  he  subse 
quently  removed  to  New  Orleans,  and 
again  returned  to  Oswego;  he  served  in 
the  Legislature  of  New  York  on  two  occa 
sions  ;  was  District  Attorney  for  Oswego 
County,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1847  to  1851. 

Dumont,  Ebeneser.—Bom  in  Ve- 
vay,  Switzerland  County,  Territory  of  In 
diana,  November  23,  1814;  attended  the 
Indiana  University  at  Bloomington,  but 
did  not  graduate ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature  in  1838;  from  1839  to  1845  was 
Treasurer  of  his  county;  served  in  the 
war  with  Mexico  as  a  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
and  was  in  several  battles ;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1852;  in  1850  and  1853 
he  was  again  elected  to  the  Legislature ; 
was  President  for  nine  years  of  the  State 
Bank  of  Indiana.  When  the  Rebellion  broke 
out,  he  was  appointed  Colonel  of  the 
Seventh  Indiana  Volunteers,  and  was  at 
the  battle  of  Philippi,  in  West  Virginia; 
was  subsequently  in  charge  of  a  brigade  at 
Murfreesboro',  and,  after  the  battle  at  that 
place,  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
the  troops  at  Nashville ;  from  that  place 
he  led  an  expedition  against  John  Morgan, 
taking  nearly  his  whole  command;  and 
in  1862,  while  yet  in  the  field,  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Indiana,  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  District  of  Columbia 
and  on  Revolutionary  Pensions.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Expenditures  in  the  Interior  Depart 
ment. 

Dunbar,  William.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  hi  Congress,  from  Louisiana, 
from  1853  to  1855. 

Duncan,  Alexander.  —  He  was  a 

member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1837  to  1841, 
and  from  1843  to  1845.  He  died  in  Cin 
cinnati,  Ohio,  March  2,  1852. 

Duncan,  Daniel. — Born  in  the  town 


122 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


of  Shippensburg,  Cumberland  County, 
Pennsylvania,  July  22,  1806,  and  died  in 
Washington,  June  18,  1849.  He  was  bred 
a  merchant,  and  in  18*3  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  Ohio,  from  Licking  Coun 
ty.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1847  to  1841),  and  more  a  man  of  ac 
tion  than  of  words. 

Duncan,  Garnett. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849. 

Duncan,  James  H.—  He  was  born 
in  Haverhill,  Massachusetts,  December  5, 
1793;  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
served  four  years  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
was  a  State  Senator  from  1828  to  1831; 
State  Councillor  in  1840  and  1841 ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
his  native  State,  from  1849  to  1853. 

Duncan,  Joseph. — He  served  in  the 
army  with  credit  during  the  last  war  with 
England ;  held  various  offices  of  distinc 
tion  and  trust;  was  Governor  of  Illinois 
from  1834  to  1838,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to 
1835.  He  died  at  Jacksonville,  Illinois, 
January  15,  1844. 

DunJiam,  Cyrus  L.—Ile  was  a  na 
tive  of  New  York  State.  As  a  farmer's 
boy,  he  worked  during  the  summer 
months  to  obtain  means  for  his  education 
during  the  winter;  after  acquiring  the  ru 
diments,  he  filled  the  humblest  position 
on  board  a  fishing-craft  from  one  of  the 
seaports  of  Massachusetts  to  Newfound 
land,  and,  after  completing  his  studies,  he 
removed  to  Salem,  Indiana,  taught  school 
and  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar.  He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  Indiana  in  1846  and  1847,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1849  to  1855.  Served  again  in 
the  Legislature  at  a  subsequent  period. 

Dunlap,  George  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Fayette  County,  Kentucky,  February 
22,  1813;  graduated  at  Transylvania  Uni 
versity,  Lexington;  studied  law  and 
adopted  that  profession ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Kentucky  Legislature ;  also  of  the 
"  Border  State  Convention  "  held  in  May, 
18G1 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Navy  Department,  and 
also  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Accounts.  In  1864  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector. 

Dunlap,  Robert  P.— He  was  born 
in  Maine ;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College 
in  1815;  studied  la\v  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1818;  in  1821,  1822,  and  1823, 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature ; 
in  1823  he  was  elected  a  State  Senator, 


serving  nine  years,  and  presided  over 
that  body  f  >ur  years;  in  1833  he  was  & 
member  of  the  Executive  Council  of 
Maine ;  in  1834  he  was  elected  Governor 
of  Maine,  and  served  four  years ;  and  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1843  to  1847.  During  the  years  1848  and 
1849  he  was  Collector  of  Customs  at  Port 
land,  and  from  1853  to  1857  Postmaster 
of  Brunswick;  and  was  for  many  years 
President  of  the  Board  of  Overseers  of 
Bowdoin  College.  Died  in  Brunswick, 
Maine,  October  20,  1859,  aged  seventy 
years. 

Dunlap,  William  C.— He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833 
to  1837. 

Dunn,  George  G. — He  was  born  in 
1813,  and  died  in  Lawrence  County,  In 
diana,  in  September,  1857.  He  had  held 
many  high  official  trusts,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1847  to  1849.  He  was  a  lawyer,  and 
noted  for  his  abilities  as  an  orator. 

Dunn,  George  If.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana, 
from  1837  to  1839. 

Dunn,  William  lUcKce.—Rorn  in 
the  Territory  of  Indiana,  December  12, 
1814;  graduated  at  the  State  College  of 
Indiana  in  1832 ;  taught  school  for  two 
years,  and  having  entered  Yale  College, 
received  from  that  College  the  degree  of 
A.M.  in  1835 ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  was  elected  to  the  Indiana  Legisla 
ture  in  1848 ;  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention  in  1850;  and  in 
1858  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Indiana,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Manufac 
tures,  and  Roads  and  Canals,  and  also  on 
the  Special  Committee  of  Thirty -three. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Patents,  after  which  he  became 
a  Judge  Advocate  in  the  army.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Durell,  Daniel  M. — He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1794 ;  studied  law,  and  entered 
upon  the  practice  at  Dover  in  1797;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  Hampshire,  from  1807  to  1809.  He 
also  held  the  post  of  United  States  Dis 
trict  Attorney  from  1830  to  1834.  He  died 
in  1841,  aged  seventy -one  years. 

Durfee,  Job.  — He  was  born  in 
Tiverton,  Rhode  Island,  in  1790;  grad 
uated  at  Brown  University  in  1813; 
adopted  the  profession  of  the  law ;  and, 
though  for  a  long  time  Chief  Justice  of 
Rhode  Island,  he  devoted  much  attention 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


123 


to  poetry  and  belles-lettres  generally.  He 
was  for  mauy  years  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature,  and  Speaker  of  the 
House ;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  from  1821 
to  1825.  He  died  in  1847. 

Durfee,  Nathaniel    B.  —  He  was 

born  iu  Tiverton,  Rhode  Island,  Septem 
ber  29,  1812 ;  received  a  good  classical 
education  at  Newport;  from  1838  to  1850 
devoted  himself  to  the  pursuits  of  agri 
culture;  he  represented  the  town  of  War 
wick  some  seven  or  eight  jrears  in  the 
State  Legislature,  and  the  town  of  Tiver 
ton  four  years ;  and  having  been  elected 
a  member  of  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
served  his  term,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Manufactures. 

DurJeee,  Charles. — Born  in  Royal- 
ton,  Vermont,  December  5,  1807;  was  a 
merchant;  removed  to  Wisconsin,  and 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that 
State  in  1837  and  1838;  a  Representative 
in  Congress  in  1848  and  1850,  from  Indi 
ana,  and  a  United  States  Senator  for  six 
years,  commencing  March,  1855,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Revo 
lutionary  and  Private  Land  Claims.  He 
was  a  Delegate  also  to  the  Peace  Con 
gress  of  18G1,  and  in  1865  was  appointed, 
by  President  Johnson,  Governor  of  Utah. 

Duval,  Gabriel. — He  was  born  in 
1751,  of  a  Huguenot  family;  served  as  a 
Clerk  to  the  first  Legislature  of  Maryland, 
before  the  Declaration  of  Independence ; 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maryland,  from  1794  to  1796;  Comp 
troller  of  the  United  States  Treasury  in 
1802;  and  in  1811  was  appointed  a  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States,  which  office  he  held  for  twenty- 
five  years.  He  died  in  Prince  George 
County,  Maryland,  March  6,  1844. 

Duval,  William  P.  —Born  in  Vir 
ginia,  in  1784,  but  in  early  life  went  to 
Kentucky,  where,  for  a  time,  he  led  the 
life  of  a  hunter,  after  which,  he  studied 
and  practised  law;  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1813  to  1815;  and  in  1822  was  appointed 
Governor  of  Florida,  by  President  Mon 
roe,  and  reappointed  by  Adams  and  Jack 
son.  In  1848  he  removed  to  Texas ;  and 
died  in  Washington,  District  of  Colum 
bia,  March  19,  1854.  He  was  the  original 
of  "Ralph  Ringwood"  of  Washington 
Irving,  and  "  Nimrod  Wildfire  "  of  James 
K.  Paulding. 

Dwight,  Henry  W.—  Born  in  Berk 
shire  County,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature  in 
1818  and  1834;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1821 


to  1831,  and  died  in  New  York,  February 
21,  1845. 

DwigJit,  Theodore. — Born  in  North 
ampton,  Massachusetts,  iu  1765.  Soon 
after  the  Revolution  he  studied  law,  and 
attained  a  high  position  as  a  lawyer ;  for 
a  great  number  of  years  he  was  a  State 
Senator  in  Connecticut;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Con 
necticut,  during  the  years  1803  and  1807. 
In  1813  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector.  He 
was  a  ready  and  brilliant  writer ;  conduct 
ed  for  a  time  the  "  Hartford  Mirror ; "  was 
Secretary  of  the  Hartford  Convention,  of 
which  he  wrote  the  authentic  history ;  iu 
1815,  at  the  suggestion  of  leading  men, 
he  established  the  "Albany  Daily  Adver 
tiser;"  and  in  1817  founded  "the  New 
York  Daily  Advertiser,"  which  he  con 
ducted  with  signal  ability  until  1836,  when 
he  removed  to  Hartford,  Connecticut,  arid 
retired  from  active  life.  About  three  years 
before  his  death  he  went  to  New  York  to 
reside  with  his  son,  and  died  in  that  city, 
June  11,  1846. 

Dwight,  Thomas.  —  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1778;  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature 
in  1794  and  1795;  a  State  Senator  from 
1796  to  1803  and  1813;  and  a  member  of 
the  Executive  Council  in  1808  and  1809; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1803  to  1805; 
and  died  in  1819. 

Dwinell,  Justin.— lie  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1805 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  Assembly  in  1821  and  1822; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1823  to  1825. 

Dyer,  Eliphalet.—He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  from  1774  to  1779,  and  again 
from  1780  to  1783. 

Eager,  S.  W.  —  He  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  iu  1809 ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from.  1829  to  1831. 

Earle,  Elias. — He  was  born  iu  Fred 
erick  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caroli 
na,  from  1805  to  1807,  from  1811  to  1815, 
and  again  from  1817  to  1821. 

Earle,  John  B. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caroli 
na,  from  1803  to  1805. 

Earle,  Samuel.— Re  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caroli 
na,  from  1795  to  1797. 

Earll,  Jonas,  Jr. —Born  in  1786; 
was  at  one  time  a  Senator  in  the  New 
York  Legislature ;  a  member  of  Congress, 


124 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    RECOEDS. 


from  that  State,  from  1827  to  1831 ;  and  a 
Canal  Commissioner  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  occurred  at  Syracuse,  New 
York,  in  October,  1846. 

Earll,  Nehemiah  H. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

Early,  Peter.  —  Born  in  Madison 
County,  Virginia,  June  20,  1773,  and  emi 
grate' I  to  Georgia  with  his  father  in  1795. 
He  graduated  at  Nassau  Hall,  Princeton, 
and  studied  law  in  Philadelphia.  He 
served  in  the  United  States  House  of 
Representatives,  from  Georgia,  from  1802 
to  1807;  and  was  one  of  the  most  conspic 
uous  among  its  members  who  supported 
the  Administration.  On  his  return  to 
Georgia  he  was  made  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  the  State,  and  in  1813  was 
elected  Governor  of  his  adopted  State. 
He  was  subsequently  a  State  Senator,  but 
for  several  years  before  his  death  lived  in 
retirement.  He  died  August  15,  1817. 

EasterbrooJc,  Experience. — Born 
in  Lebanon,  Grafton  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  April  30,  1813;  received  a  good 
academic  education ;  studied  law  in  Buf 
falo,  and  graduated  at  the  Law  School  of 
Marshall  College,  Pennsylvania ;  removed 
to  Wisconsin  in  1840,  where  he  practised 
his  profession  until  1854 ;  besides  holding 
a  number  of  county  offices,  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  that  formed  the 
Constitution  of  that  State ;  served  also  in 
the  Legislature  of  Wisconsin,  and  was 
Attorney-General  of  the  State.  In  1854 
he  was  appointed  United  States  District 
Attorney  for  the  Territory  of  Nebraska, 
which  office  he  held  until  1859,  when  he 
was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  from  Nebraska. 

Eastman,  Benjamin  C. — A  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Wisconsin, 
from  1851  to  1855.  He  died  February  5, 
1856,  at  Platteville,  in  that  State. 

Eastman,  Ira  A.—  He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire ;  graduated  in  Dartmouth 
College  in  1829 ;  served  in  the  State  Leg 
islature,  and  was  Speaker  of  the  House 
from  1837  to  1839 ;  he  was  at  one  time 
Sectetary  of  the  State  Senate ;  Register 
of  Probate;  and  from  1844  to  1859  was  a 
Judge  of  the  Circuit  and  Supreme  Court; 
and  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  from  1839  to  1843. 

Eastman,  Nehemiah. — Was  born 
in  Strafford County,  New  Hampshire;  was 
a  lawyer  by  profession ;  settled  at  Farm- 
ington,  New  Hampshire ;  was  a  Senator 
in  the  State  Legislature  from  1820  to  1825 ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1825  to  1827.  Died 
January  11,  1856,  aged  sixty-five  years. 


Easton,  Rufus.—lle  was  a  Delegate 
to  Congress,  from  Missouri  Territory, 
from  1814  to  1816. 

Eaton,  Jolin  H. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1818 
to  1829;  was  Secretary  of  War  under 
President  Jackson  (as  well  as  a  warm  per 
sonal  friend)  from  1829  to  1831 ;  from  1834 
to  1836  was  Governor  of  the  Territory  of 
Florida;  and  from  1836  to  1840  Minister 
Plenipotentiary  to  Spain.  He  died  in 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  No 
vember  17,  1856,  aged  sixty-six  years. 

Eaton,  Leivis.—lle  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1823  to  1825. 

EcJcert,  George  N.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvauia,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849,  after  which  he  was  appointed  Direc 
tor  of  the  United  States  Mint  from  1851 
to  1853.  He  was  a  physician  by  profes 
sion,  and  a  man  of  superior  ability.  Died 
in  Philadelphia,  in  July,  1865. 

EcJtley,  Ephraim  R. — Born  in  Jef 
ferson  County,  Ohio,  December  9,  1812; 
received  his  education  in  the  West ;  read 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1837 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Ohio  Senate  in  1843,  1845, 
and  1849,  serving  until  1851;  and  in  1853 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives.  After  the  Rebellion  broke 
out  he  had  charge,  as  Colonel,  of  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  Eightieth  Regiments  of 
Ohio  Volunteers,  serving  through  several 
battles,  and  at  the  battle  of  Corinth  he 
had  command  of  a  brigade.  In  1862  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Private  Land  Claims 
and  on  Roads  and  Canals ;  and  in  March, 
1863,  resigned  his  position  in  the  army. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Public 
Lands  and  on  Accounts.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866 ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  old 
committees. 

Eddy,  Norman. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and,  having  removed  to  Indi 
ana,  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Eddy,  Samuel.  —  Born  in  Provi 
dence,  Rhode  Island,  March  31,-  1769; 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1787; 
studied  law,  but  did  not  long  engage  in 
practice.  In  1798  he  was  chosen  Secre 
tary  of  State,  and  held  the  office  for  twen 
ty-one  years,  when  he  resigned,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
his  native  State,  from  1819  to  1825.  He  was 
subsequently  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Rhode  Island  for  eight  years. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


125 


He  devoted  some  attention  to  literary 
pursuits,  and  was  honored,  in  1801,  with 
the  de-Tree  of  LL.D.  He  died  iu  TProvi- 
deuce,  "February  3,  1839. 

Eden,  John  JR.— Was  born  in  Bath 
County,  Kentucky,  February  1,  1826; 
went  with  his  parents  at  an  early  age  to 
Indiana,  and  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law,  and  commenced 
the  practice  of  it  in  Illinois.  In  185G  he 
was  appointed  State  Attorney  for  the 
Seventeenth  District,  which  office  he  held 
four  years ;  and  iu  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Illinois  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  Accounts  and  Revolu- 
tiouary  Pensions. 

Etlyerton,  Alfred  P.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and,  removing  to  Ohio,  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1851  to  1855. 

Edgerton,    Joseph   Ketchmn.  — 

Born  in  Vergennes,  Vermont,  February 
16,  1818  ;  spent  his  youth  in  Clinton  Coun 
ty,  New  York,  and  received  a  common- 
school  education,  chiefly  at  Plattsburg ; 
read  law;  settled  in  New  York  City  in 
1835 ;  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  re 
moved  to  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana,  in  1844. 
In  1855  he  was  President  of  the  Fort 
Wayne  and  Chicago  Hail  road  Company, 
and  subsequently  financial  agent  of  the 
same  when  consolidated  with  the  Pitts- 
burg  road,  and  in  18G2  he  was  elected  a 
Eepresentative  from  Indiana  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Naval  Affairs. 

Edgerton,  Sidney.— Born  in  Caze- 
novia,  Madison  Count}',  New  York,  in 
1818;  became  an  orphan  when  a  mere 
boy,  and  acquired  an  academic  education 
by  means  of  his  own  exertions,  teaching 
school  and  studying  at  the  same  time ;  re 
moved  to  Ohio  in  1844  and  studied  law, 
spending  one  year  at  the  Law  School  in 
Cincinnati ;  he  was  a  Prosecuting  Attorney 
for  four  years  in  Summit  County ;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  District  of 
Columbia.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Revolutionary  Claims  and  Private 
Land  Claims.  He  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Lincoln  a  Judge  for  the  Territory 
of  Idaho,  and  subsequently  Governor  of 
Montana. 

Edie,  John  _K.  —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth 
Congresses,  from  that  State,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Patents. 

Edmond,  William.— Born  at  South 
Britain,  Connecticut,  September  28,  1755, 


and  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1773. 
He  was  a  volunteer  soldier  at  the  burning 
of  Danbury,  and  received  a  wound  in  tho 
leg,  which  made  him  lame  for  life.  He 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  was  chosen  a 
member  of  the  Legislature,  member  of  the 
Council,  and  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  State,  and  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  Connecticut,  from  1798  to  1801.  He 
died  in  Newton,  Connecticut,  August  1, 
1838. 

Edmonds,  J.  Wiley.— He  was  born 
iu  Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1853  to  1855. 

Edmunds,  George  F.  —  He  was 
born  in  Richmond,  Vermont,  February  1, 
1828;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion,  and  enjoyed  the  instructions  of  a 
private  tutor;  he  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1849,  devoting  himself  ex 
clusively  to  the  legal  profession.  In  1851 
he  settled  in  Burlington,  and  in  1854-'55, 
and  iu  1857,  1858,  and  1859,  was  elected  to 
the  Vermont  Legislature,  serving  three 
years  as  Speaker;  in  1861  and  18G2  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate,  officiating  as 
President  pro  tern,  of  that  body  during 
those  years.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Rebellion  he  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Convention  which  met  to  form  a  coalition 
between  the  Republicans  and  War  Demo 
crats,  and  drew  up  the  resolutions  which 
were  adopted  in  that  Convention  as  the 
basis  of  union  for  the  country.  On  the 
death  of  Solomon  Foot,  he  was  appointed 
in  his  place  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
taking  his  seat  in  April,  1866,  and  the  ap 
pointment  was  confirmed  by  the  Legisla 
ture.  The  Committees  upon  which  he 
served  were  those  on  Commerce,  Public 
Lands,  Pensions,  Retrenchment,  and  the 
Judiciary.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists' Convention"  of 
1866. 

Edmundson,  Henry  A.— He  was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  having  been  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  in  1849,  was  re-elected  to  each  suc 
cessive  Congress  down  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Public  Expenditures. 

Edsall,  JosepJi  E. — He  was  born  in 
Sussex  County,  New  Jersey,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1837  to  1839.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature, 
and  of  the  Convention  which  framed  the 
last  State  Constitution. 

Edward,  John. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  ia 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1843. 

Edivards,    Benjamin.  -  Bora  in 


12G 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Stafford  County,  Virginia,  in  1752,  and 
died  in  Todd  County,  Kentucky,  Novem 
ber  13,  1826.  He  had  not  the  advantage 
of  a  classical  education,  and  his  pursuits 
were  those  of  agriculture  and  merchan 
dise.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland 
Legislature;  also  of  the  State  Convention 
which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution ; 
and  a  member  of  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1794  to  1795,  to  fill  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  Uriah  Forrest.  He  spent 
the  latter  years  of  his  life  in  Kentucky, 
but  held  no  public  position  in  that  State. 

Edwards,  Francis  S.  —  He  was 
born  in  Norwich,  Connecticut,  May  28, 
1818;  adopted  the  profession  of  law;  and 
removing  to  New  York,  was  appointed  a 
Master  in  Chancery,  in  1841,  for  the 
County  of  Chenango;  in  1851  was  elected 
Surrogate  of  Chatauque  County;  and  in 
1854  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  from 
New  York. 

Edwards,  Henry  IF.— He  was  born 
in  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  in  1779 ;  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  1797 ;  studied 
his  profession  at  the  Litchfleld  Law 
School,  and  settled  in  New  Haven.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1819  to  1823;  United  States  Senator  from 
1823  to  1827 ;  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1828  and  1829 ;  Speaker  of  the  Connec 
ticut  House  of  Representatives  in  1830 ; 
Governor  in  1833,  and  from  1835  to  1838 ; 
and  upon  his  recommendation,  a  geologi 
cal  survey  of  the  State  was  taken.  He 
died  in  New  Haven,  July  22,  1847. 

Edwards,  J~ohn. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1792  to 
1795. 

Edwards,  «7b7m. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvaina, 
from  1839  to  1843,  and  died  in  Chester, 
Pennsylvania,  June  25,  1843. 

Edwards,  John  C, — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Missouri, 
from  1841  to  1843,  and  Governor  of  that 
State  from  1844  to  1848. 

Edwards,  Ninian. — Born  in  Mont 
gomery  County,  Maryland,  March,  1775. 
He  was  in  early  life  the  intimate  friend  of 
William  Wirt,  and  graduated  at  Dickinson 
College.  He  studied  both  medicine  and 
law,  but  devoted  himself  to  the  practice 
of  the  law  with  eminent  success.  Re 
moving  to  Kentucky,  he  was  twice  elected 
to  the  Legislature ;  was  appointed  a  Cir 
cuit  Clerk,  and  subsequently  Judge  of  the 
General  Court  of  Kentucky,  of  the  Circuit 
Court,  of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  and, 
finally,  Chief  Justice  of  the  State,  and  all 
before  reaching  the  thirty-second  year 
of  his  age.  In  1809  President  Madi 
son  appointed  him  Governor  of  the 
Territory  of  Illinois,  to  which  office  he 


was  three  times  reappointed.  Before 
Congress  had  adopted  any  measures  on 
the  subject  of  volunteer  rangers,  he  or 
ganized  companies,  supplied  them  with 
arms,  built  stockade  forts,  and  established 
a  line  of  posts  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Missouri  to  the  W abash  River.  lie  was 
thus  prepared  for  defence,  and  during  the 
Indian  wars  on  the  frontiers  was  most 
devoted  to  his  country's  service.  In  1816 
he  was  appointed  a  Commissioner  to  treat 
with  the  Indian  tribes.  When  Illinois  be 
came  a  State,  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  serving  from  1818  to  1824,  when 
he  was  appointed  Minister  to  Mexico,  but 
declined  the  office.  In  1826  he  was  elect 
ed  Governor  of  the  State  of  Illinois, 
which  office  he  filled  until  1831.  He  died 
of  cholera,  July  20,  1833. 

Edwards,  Plerpont. — He  was  born 
in  Northampton,  Massachusetts,  April  8, 
1750,  and  was  the  youngest  son  of  Jona 
than  Edwards,  the  distinguished  divine. 
From  the  fact  that  his  father  was  a  mis 
sionary  among  the  Stockbridge  Indians, 
he  spent  much  of  his  early  boyhood 
among  that  people,  and  acquired  the  lan 
guage  so  perfectly  that  he  was  wont  to 
say  that  he  "thought  in  Indian."  His 
later  boyhood  he  spent  in  New  Jersey  and 
North  Carolina,  and  was  educated  at 
Princeton  College.  He  studied  law,  and 
settled  in  the  practice  of  the  profession  at 
New  Haven,  Connecticut,  and  he  was  fre 
quently  elected  to  the  Connecticut  Legis 
lature  ;  was  Administrator  of  the  Estate 
of  Benedict  Arnold  at  the  time  of  his 
treason.  He  served  in  the  army  during 
the  Revolution;  was  in  two  hard-fought 
battles ;  and  at  the  battle  of  Danbury  he 
was  reported  killed,  because  he  remained 
on  the  battle-field  for  the  purpose  of  res 
cuing  a  friend ;  and  he  was  a  Delegate  from 
Connecticut  to  the  Continental  Congress 
from  1797  to  1798.  He  subsequently  filled 
the  office  of  United  States  Judge  for  the 
State  of  Connecticut,  which  he  held  at 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  at 
Bridgeport,  Connecticut,  April  1,  1826. 
He  was  the  founder  of  what  was  called 
the  Toleration  party  in  Connecticut,  and 
by  his  ability  and  perseverance  called 
down  upon  his  head  the  animosity  of  the 
Calvinists ;  and  he  was  also  the  first  Grand 
Master  among  the  Masons  of  Connecti 
cut,  having,  in  fact,  drawn  up  the  consti 
tution  of  the  original  Lodge  in  that 
State. 

Edwards,  Samuel.— He  was  born 
in  Delaware  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1827. 

Edwards,  TJiomas  M.  —  Born  in 
Cheshire  County,  New  Hampshire;  grad 
uated  at  Dartmouth  College ;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  served  eight  years  in 
the  New  Hampshire  Legislature  between 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


127 


the  years  1834  and  1856;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1856;  and  in  1859 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
Hampshire,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Indian  Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyal 
ists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Edwards,    Thomas   O. —  He    was 

born  in  Maryland,  and  having  taken  up 
his  residence  in  Ohio,  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1847  to  1849. 

Edwards,  Weldon  JV.  —  Born  in 
Northampton  County,  North  Carolina,  in 
1788 ;  educated  at  Warreuton  Academy ; 
read  law,  and  carne  to  the  bar  in  1810; 
was  in  the  Legislature  for  two  years ;  and 
was  a  member  of  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1816  to  1827.  He  again 
went  into  the  Legislature,  serving  there 
from  1833  to  1844 ;  and  was  re-elected  in 
1850,  when  he  was  made  President  of  the 
State  Senate. 

Effncr,  Valentine. — He  was  born 
in  New  York ;  a  member  of  the  Assembly 
of  that  State  in  1829  ;  and  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1835  to  1837. 

Egbert,  Joseph. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

Ege,  George. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
during  the  years  1796  and  1797,  for  the 
unexpired  term  of  D.  Heister,  resigned 

Eggleston,    Benjamin.  —  He  was 

born  in  Corinth,  Saratoga 'County,  New 
York,  January  3,  1816;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Hocking  County,  Ohio,  in  1831, 
where  he  entered  upon  commercial  pur 
suits,  and  since  which  time  he  has  been 
extensively  identified  with  the  business 
interests  and  prosperity  of  Cincinnati  and 
Ohio.  He  was  connected  for  many  years 
with  the  Board  of  Public  Works  of  Ham 
ilton  County  and  Cincinnati,  and  was  its 
Chairman;  was  the  effective  Chairman, 
also,  of  an  important  Finance  Committee, 
in  a  time  of  great  public  distress,  Presi 
dent  of  the  City  Council,  and  was  like 
wise  for  some  years  amemberof  the  State 
Legislature.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Chicago  Convention  of  1860,  and  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  at  the  following  election; 
and  in  looking  after  the  welfare  of  the 
Ohio  soldiers  during  the  Rebellion,  ren 
dered  services  that  were  universally  ac 
knowledged.  One  or  two  important  canals 
were  inaugurated  by  him,  and  carried  on 
under  his  supervision;  and  in  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 


Committees  on  Commerce,  and  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Post  Office  Department,  and 
Revenue  Frauds.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866 ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  addi 
tional  Committee  of  Expenditures  in  the 
Post  Office  Department. 

Eggleston,  Joseph. — Born  in  Ame 
lia  County,  Virginia,  November  24,  1754, 
and  died  February  15,  1811.  He  was  ed 
ucated  at  the  College  of  William  and 
Mary ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as 
a  Captain  and  Major  of  Cavalry  under  Col 
onel  Henry  Lee;  was  in  several  of  the  bat 
tles  fought  by  Gates  and  Greene;  he 
served  in  the  Virginia  Assembly  for  sev 
eral  years;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1798  to 
1801.  From  the  time  of  his  leaving  Con 
gress  until  his  death  he  was  a  Justice  of 
the  Peace. 

Ela,  Jacob  H. — Born  in  Rochester, 
New  Hampshire,  July  18,  1820;  began  ac 
tive  life  as  a  printer  in  the  office  of  the 
"Statesman"  newspaper  in  1837;  estab 
lished  and  edited  the  "  Herald  of  Free 
dom,"  and  also  participated  in  establish 
ing  the  "  Independent  Democrat."  In 
1857  and  1858  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature,  and  tilled  several  other 
State  offices;  in  1861  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  U.  S.  Marshal  for  his 
State,  holding  the  office  until  1866 ;  and  in 
1867  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  Hampshire,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  ou  Printing 
and  Freedmcn's  Affairs. 

Eldridge,  Charles  A.—  He  was  born 
in  Bridgeport,  Addison  County,  Vermont, 
February  27,  1821.  When  a  child  he  re 
moved  with  his  parents  to  St.  Lawrence 
County,  New  York;  studied  law  in  that 
State,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1846.  In 
1848  he  removed  to  Fond  du  Lac,  Wiscon 
sin  ;  in  1854  and  1855  he  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate;  and  in  1862  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Wisconsin 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Claims. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Revolution 
ary  Claims  and  Naval  Affairs.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Na 
tional  Union  Convention"  of  1866;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Judi 
ciary  and  Revolutionary  Claims. 

Eliot,  Samuel  A.—  Born  in  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  March  5,  1798;  educated 
at  Harvard  College,  and  engaged  in  com 
mercial  and  manufacturing  business.  He 
was  Mayor  of  Boston  from  1837  to  1839 ; 
Representative  and  Senator  in  the  Legis 
lature  for  three  or  four  years ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1850  to  1851. 


128 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EEGOEDS. 


He  was  also  Treasurer  of  Harvard  College 
eleven  years.  Died  at  Cambridge  in  1861. 

Eliot,  Thomas  D. — Born  in  Boston, 

Massachusetts,  March  20,  1808 ;  graduated 
at  Columbia  College,  Washington,  in  1825 ; 
adopted  tlie  profession  of  law,  and  set 
tled  at  New  Bedford;  served  in  both 
houses  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  for  the 
unexpired  term  of  Zeno  Scudder,  in  1855 ; 
and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Commerce;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  was  Chairman  of 
the  Special  Committee  on  Confiscation  of 
the  property  of  rebels ;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Commerce, 
and  on  Expenditures  in  the  Treasury  De 
partment,  and  also  as  Chairman  of  the 
Special  Committee  on  Emancipation.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and 
was  again  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Commerce,  and  Chairman  of  that  on  Freed- 
men,  and  also  of  that  on  the  New  Orleans 
Riots.  Several  important  bills  bearing  on 
the  colored  race  were  drawn  up  by  him. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "  Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866 ;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Ellery,  Christopher. — He  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1787 ;  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  from 
1801  to  1805;  and  was  appointed,  in  the 
latter  year,  United  States  Commissioner 
of  Loans.  He  was  appointed  Collector  of 
Newport  in  1828,  and  died  in  1840. 

Ellery,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Newport,  Rhode  Island,  December  22, 
1727;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1747;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession;  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
1776  to  1780,  and  from  1783  to  1785 ;  was 
a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ 
ence,  and  also  of  the  Articles  of  Confedera 
tion;  in  1786  he  was  appointed  Commis 
sioner  of  Loans  for  Rhode  Island;  was 
elected  Chief  Justice  of  the  State ;  and  in 
1789  he  was  appointed  by  Washington 
Collector  of  Newport,  which  office  he  held 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  February 
15,  1820. 

Ellicott,  Benjamin.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

Elliot,  Jo7m.— He  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1794 ;  resided  in  Sunbury,  Lib 
erty  County,  Georgia,  and  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1819  to 
1825,  serving  on  several  important  com 
mittees.  He  died  August  9,  1827. 

Elliott,  James.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  iu  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from 


1803  to  1809,  and  died  at  Newfane,  Ver 
mont,  November  10,  1839. 

Elliott,  John  M.  — Born  in  Scott 
County,  Virginia,  May  16,  1820.  He  was 
educated  in  the  county  schools  of  Ken 
tucky;  studied  law,  and  commenced  the 
practice  in  1843;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  in  1847 ;  and  in  1853  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Public  Expenditures. 

Ellis,  Caleb.—  Born  at  Walpole,  Mas 
sachusetts,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  Col 
lege  in  1793 ;  when  admitted  to  the  bar  he 
settled  at  Claremont,  New  Hampshire.  He 
was  a  Representative  iu  Congress,  from 
1805  to  1809 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Coun 
cil,  and  in  1811  elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate.  In  1812  he  was  one  of  the  Electors 
of  President  and  Vice-President ;  and  in 
1813  was  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  New  Hampshire,  and  continued  in 
that  office  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
May  9,  1816,  aged  forty-nine  years. 

Ellis,  Cheselden.—lle  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Ellis,  Poivhatan.—Ke  was  born  in 
Virginia,  but  removing  at  an  early  day  to 
Mississippi,  there  devoted  himself  to  the 
practice  of  law.  He  became  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  that 
State ;  in  1825  he  was  appointed  to  a  seat 
in  the  United  States  Senate,  but  was  dis 
placed  by  the  Legislature;  in  1827,  how 
ever,  the  Legislature  elected  him  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  where  he  served  until  1833, 
after  which  he  was  appointed  United 
States  Judge  for  the  District  of  Missis 
sippi.  In  1836  he  was  appointed  Charge 
d'Affaires  to  Mexico,  and  in  1839  full 
Minister  to  that  Republic. 

Ellis,  William  C.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1823  to  1825. 

Ellison,  Andreiv. — He  was  born  in 
Ireland,  and  having  emigrated  to  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1853  to  1855. 

Ellsivorth,  Oliver.— "Born  at  Wind 
sor,  Connecticut,  April  29, 1745,  and  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College,  New  Jersey, 
in  1766.  He  studied  law,  and  soon  be 
came  eminent  in  the  practice.  In  1777  he 
was  chosen  a  Delegate  in  Congress  from 
Connecticut.  In  1780  he  was  elected  to 
the  Council  of  Connecticut,  and  was  a 
member  of  that  body  till  1784,  when  he 
was  appointed  a  Judge  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  that  State.  In  1737  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Convention  which 
framed  the  Federal  Constitution.  In  aa 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


129 


assembly  illustrious  for  talents,  erudition, 
and  patriotism,  lie  held  a  distinguished 
place.  His  exertions  essentially  aided  in 
the  production  of  an  instrument  which 
has  been  the  main  pillar  of  American 
prosperity  and  glory.  He  was  afterwards 
a  member  of  the  State  Convention  of  Con 
necticut,  and  contributed  his  efforts  to 
wards  procuring  the  ratification  of  the 
Constitution  by  that  State.  When  the 
Federal  Government  was  organized,  in 
1789,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Senate  from 
Connecticut.  In  1796  he  was  appointed, 
by  Washington,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  the  United  States,  but  re- ' 
signed  the  office,  on  account  of  ill  health, 
in  1800.  In  1805  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector.  In  1799  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Adams,  Envoy  Extraordinary  to 
Trance,  for  the  purpose  of  settling  a  treaty 
with  that  nation.  He  received  the  degree 
of  LL.D.,  in  1790,  from  Yale  College,  and 
in  1797  from  Dartmouth.  He  died  No 
vember  26,  1807. 

Ellsworth,    Samuel   S.  —  He   was 

born  in  Vermont ;  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Assembly  in  1840,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  18-15  to  1847. 

Ellsworth,  William  W.  —  He  was 

the  son  of  Oliver  Ellsworth;  born  in 
Windsor  County,  Connecticut,  November 
10,  1791 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1810;  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and 
was  Professor  of  Law  in  Trinity  College ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Connecticut,  from  1829  to  1833.  In 
1838  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Connecti 
cut,  and  re-elected  four  years ;  and  for 
many  years  was  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court 'of  Connecticut.  Died  at  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  January  15,  1868. 

Elmendorf,  Lucas.— He  graduated 
at  Princeton  in  1782,  and  was  a  Represen 
tative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1797  to  1803 ;  a  member  of  the  Assembly 
of  that  State  in  1804  and  1805 ;  and  a  State 
Senator  from  1814  to  1817.  Died  August 
17,  1843,  aged  eighty-five  years. 

Elmer,  Ebenezer. —  He  was  born  in 
Cedarville,  New  Jersey,  in  1752;  was  edu 
cated  a  physician ;  was  a  Field  Officer  in 
the  Revolutionary  war;  also  a  Surgeon  in 
the  army;  was  President  of  the  Society 
of  the  Cincinnati  for  New  Jersey;  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1801  to  1807;  served  a  number  of 
years  in  the  State  Assembly,  and  was 
chosen  Speaker;  he  was  also  for  a  long 
time  Adjutant-General  of  the  New  Jersey 
Militia;  during  the  war  of  1812  he  com 
manded  the  troops  on  the  Delaware ;  in 
1807  and  1815  he  was  a  member  and  Vice- 
President  of  the  State  Council;  in  1808  he 
was  appointed  Collector  of  Bridgeton,  and 
held  the  office  for  many  years;  and  he 
9 


died  at  Bridgeton,  New  Jersey,  October 
18,  1843.  He  was  one  who  always  seemed 
to  think  more  of  his  duty  as  a  public  offi 
cer  than  of  his  private  interests. 

Elmer,  Jonathan.— He  was  born  in 
Cumberland  County,  New  Jersey,  in  1745; 
was  a  prominent  physician,  and  practised 
in  his  native  county,  having  graduated 
with  honors  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl 
vania;  was  a  member  of  the  Continental 
Congress ;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress  un 
der  the  Federal  Constitution,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1789  to  1791.  He  was  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 
Government  on  the  Potomac.  During  the 
Revolution  he  was  a  Sheriff,  a  Surrogate, 
and  a  Judge ;  was  a  man  of  learning,  and 
a  member  of  the  Philosophical  Society  of 
America.  He  died  in  1817. 

Elmer,  Lucius  Q.  C. — Born  in 
Bridgeton,  New  Jersey,  in  1793 ;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College ;  was  educated  a  law 
yer,  which  profession  he  practised  in  his 
native  town.  For  many  years  he  was 
Prosecutor  for  the  State;  was  in  the  As 
sembly  from  1820  to  1823.  the  last  year  be 
ing  Speaker  of  that  body;  and  in  1824  he 
was  appointed  Attorney  of  the  United 
States  for  New  Jersey,  which  office  he 
filled  until  1829.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1843 
to  1845 ;  in  1850  was  appointed  Attorncy- 
General  of  the  State ;  and  in  1852  one  of 
the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  his 
State,  which  office  he  continued  to  hold 
until  1859. 

Elmore,  Franklin  Harper.— Bora 
in  Laurens  District,  South  Carolina,  iu 
1799;  entered  South  Carolina  College  in 
November,  1817,  and  graduated  in  1819; 
he  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1821 ;  was  a  Colonel  of 
Militia,  and  also  a  Trustee  of  the  South 
Carolina  College.  In  1822  he  was  elected 
Solicitor  of  the  Southern  Circuit,  and  was 
continued  in  this  office,  by  re-elections,  un 
til  1837,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  House 
of  Representatives  in  Congress,  and 
served  till  1839;  he  was  that  year  elected 
President  of  the  Bank  of  the  State  of  South 
Carolina,  which  office  he  held  till  his  ap 
pointment  to  the  Senate,  in  April,  1850,  to 
fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death 
of  the  Hon.  John  C.  Calhouu.  His  voice 
was  heard  but  once  in  the  Senate,  and 
then  in  answering  to  his  name  when  called 
by  the  Secretary.  He  died  in  Washington, 
District  of  Columbia,  May  29,  1850. 

Ely,  Alfred.— Was  born  in  Lyme, 
New  London  County,  Connecticut,  Febru^ 
ary  18,  1815;  removed  to  Rochester,  New 
York,  in  1835 ;  studied  law,  and  was.  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  where  he  has 
since  practised  his  profession.  In  1840, 
while  a  student  at  law,  he  was  appointed 
Clerk  of  the  Recorder's  Court  of  Roches- 


130 


STOGEAPIIICAL    RECOEDS. 


ter;  in  1858  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress;  was  re-elected,  and  while  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  served  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions.  In  July,  1861,  he  was  a  witness  of 
the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  where  he  was  cap 
tured  and  taken  as  a  prisoner  of  war  to 
Richmond;  after  a  confinement  of  more 
than  five  months,  he  was  exchanged  in 
December,  1861,  for  the  Hon.  Charles  J. 
Faulkner,  the  American  Minister  to 
France,  who  had  been  imprisoned  for  dis 
loyalty.  After  his  return  home,  Mr.  Ely 
published  a  book  with  this  title,  "  Journal 
of  Alfred  Ely,  a  Prisoner  of  War  in  Rich 
mond,"  edited  by  the  author  of  this  Dic 
tionary. 

Ely,  John. — He  was  born  in  Connect 
icut,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1839  to  1841, 
having  previously  served  two  years  in  the 
Assembly  of  that  State. 

Ely,  William.— He  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1787;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1805 
to  1815,  and  died  in  1817. 

Embree,  Elisha.—ftorn  in  Lincoln 
County,  Kentucky,  September  28, 1801,  and 
removed  with  his  father,  in  1811,  to  the 
south-western  portion  of  Indiana  Terri 
tory,  where  he  long  continued  to  reside. 
He  received  a  common-school  education, 
after  which  he  studied  and  practised  law. 
In  1813  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
of  Indiana;  in  1835  was  chosen  by  the 
Legislature  Circuit  Judge,  which  office  he 
held  for  ten  years.  In  1847  he  was  elected 
Representative  in  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
from  Indiana,  and  after  the  expiration  of 
that  term  became  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits.  Died  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey, 
March  7,  1863. 

Emotl,  James.  —  Born  in  Albany, 
New  York,  in  1770 ;  he  did  not  receive  a  col 
legiate  education,  but  in  1800  Union  Col 
lege  conferred  on  him  the  degree  of  A.  M. 
He  was  a  distinguished  member  of  the 
bar,  and  under  the  old  Constitution  of 
New  York,  he,  for  several  years,  filled  the 
office  of  first  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  for  his  county,  and  in  that  ca 
pacity  gave  that  Court  a  rank  among  the 
best  of  the  State.  Under  the  Constitution 
of  1821  he  was  appointed  Judge  for  the 
Second  District,  which  station  he  filled 
until  he  reached  the  age  of  sixty  years, 
which  required  him  to  retire.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  his  na 
tive  State,  from  1809  to  1813,  and  died  in 
Poughkeepsie,  April  7,  1850. 

Emrie,  J.  Reece. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 


English,  James  E. — Was  born  in 
New  Haven,  Connecticut',  in  March,  1812; 
entered  early  in  life  into  mercantile  pur 
suits,  and  continued  to  do  business  as  a 
merchant  until  1855 ;  since  which  he  has 
been  extensively  engaged  in  several 
branches  of  manufacture.  In  1855  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Legislature  of  Connecti 
cut;  in  1856  was  elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate,  and  declined  a  re-election ;  ^vas  a 
candidate  for  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Con 
necticut  in  1860,  but  was  not  elected ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  his 
native  State,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  ;  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  Public  Lands  and  Expenditures  in  the 
State  Department.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National  Union 
Convention "  of  1866 ;  and  was  elected 
Governor  of  Connecticut  for  the  term 
ending  in  1869. 

English,    William   JET. —  Born  in 

Scott  County,  Indiana,  August  27,  1822. 
He  received  a  good  common-school  educa 
tion,  and  spent  three  years  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  South  Hanover;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  1846,  but  when 
at  home  is  chiefly  devoted  to  agricultural 
pursuits ;  in  1843  he  was  elected  Clerk  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  of  Indiana; 
during  President  Polk's  administration  he 
was  a  Clerk  in  the  Treasury  Department ; 
he  was  the  Clerk  of  the  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  in  1850;  in  1851  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  offi 
ciated  as  Speaker;  in  1852  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Indi 
ana;  re-elected  in  1854,  and  made  a  Re 
gent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution ;  again 
elected  in  1856,  and  during  the  first  session 
of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  took  part  in 
the  Kansas  Compromise  measure,  and  offi 
ciated  at  the  same  time  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post 
Roads.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads. 

Eppes,  John  IF.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1803  to  1811,  and  again  from  1813  to  1815; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1817  to 
1819,  when  he  resigned  from  ill  health. 
He  died  near  Richmond,  Virginia,  Sep 
tember,  1823,  aged  fifty  years. 

Erdman,  Jacob. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847.  Died  in  Lehigh  County,  July  20, 
1867. 

Ervin,  James. — Born  in  South  Car 
olina,  in  October,  1778 ;  graduated  at 
Brown  University  in  1797;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1800; 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1801  and 
1802,  and  from  1804  to  1816 ;  was  a  Solici- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    ItECOEDS. 


131 


tor  of  the  Northern  Circuit ;  eight  years  a 
Trustee  of  the  South  Carolina  College ;  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1817  to  1821,  and  died  in 
1841. 

Estill,  Benjamin.— He  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1825  to  1827. 

EtJieridge,  Emerson.— He  was  born 
in  Ctirrituck,  North  Carolina,  September 
28, 1819 ;  when  thirteen  years  of  age  he  re 
moved  to  Tennessee,  where  he  received  a 
common-school  education;  and,  having 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1840.  In  1845  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  for  two  years,  and  was  at  once 
nominated  for  Speaker,  which  he  lost  by 
two  votes;  and  in  1853  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Tennessee,  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress;  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth,  and  also  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving,  during  his  last  term,  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Indian  Af 
fairs.  On  the  meeting  of  the  Thirty-sev 
enth  Congress  he  was  elected  Clerk  of  the 
House  of  Representatives. 

Eustis,  George,  Jr.  —  He  was  born 
in  Louisiana,  and  was  educated  at  Harvard 
University;  practised  law  in  New  Orleans, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 

Eustis,  William.— Was  born  in  Cam 
bridge,  Massachusetts,  June  10,  1753. 
After  graduating  at  Harvard  College  in 
1782,  he  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Joseph 
Warren.  At  the  beginning  of  the  war  he 
was  appointed  Surgeon  of  a  regiment,  and 
afterwards  Hospital  Surgeon.  In  1777,  and 
during  most  of  the  war,  he  occupied,  as  a 
hospital,  the  spacious  house  of  Colonel 
Robinson,  a  royalist,  opposite  to  West 
Point ;  Arnold  had  his  head-quarters  in  the 
same  house.  At  the  termination  of  the 
war  he  commenced  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  Boston.  In  1800  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  serving  until  1805.  In 
1809  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  War 
by  President  Madison,  and  continued  in 
office  until  1813,  when,  on  account  of  the 
surrender  of  Hull,  he  resigned,  In  1815 
he  was  sent  as  Ambassador  to  Holland. 
After  his  return,  he  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  18SO  to  1823.  He  was 
chosen  Governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1823, 
and  died  in  Boston,  after  a  short  illness, 
February  6,  1825. 

Evans,  Alexander. — He  was  born 
at  Elkton,  Cecil  Counjy,  Maryland,  his 
ancestors  having  settled  in  that  county 
more  than  a  hundred  years  ago.  His 
education  was  received  at  a  village  school 
until  fifteen  years  of  age,  and  his  first 


avocation  was  that  of  a  civil  engineer. 
In  1842  he  commenced  the  study  of  law 
in  his  native  town,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1845.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1847  to  1853,  since  which  time  he  has 
practised  his  profession  at  Elkton.  In 
1842  he  was  elected  Corresponding  Mem 
ber  of  the  National  Institute  at  Washing 
ton,  and  in  1849  received  the  degree  of 
A.M.  from  Delaware  College.  In  1851 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  American 
Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Sci 
ence,  and  also  a  member  of  the  Historical 
Society  of  Baltimore. 

Evans,  David  E. — He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress,  but  resigned,  and 
P.  L.  Tracy  was  elected  in  his  place. 

Evans,  David  M.—  Born  in  West 
moreland,  England,  February  20,  1769; 
and,  having  removed  to  South  Carolina, 
was  educated  at  Mount  Ziou  College; 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1796 ; 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  from  1800 
to  1803;  from  1804  to  1811  was  Solicitor 
for  the  Middle  District  of  South  Carolina ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1813  to  1815 ;  in  1818  and 
1822  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ; 
and  was  for  many  years  the  President  of  a 
Bible  Society,  and  also  of  Mount  Zioii 
Society.  Died  March  8,  1843. 

Evans,  George. — Born  in  Hallowell, 
Maine,  January  12,  1797;  graduated  at 
Bowdein  College,  September  3,  1815;  was 
a  lawyer  by  profession ;  was  Speaker  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  of  Maine  in 
1829 ;  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1829  to  1841,  and  United  States  Senator, 
from  Maine,  from  1841  to  1847.  From  1849 
to  1850  he  was  a  Commissioner  of  the 
Board  of  Claims  against  Mexico ;  Attorney- 
General  of  Maine  in  1853,  1854,  and  1856, 
and  died  in  Portland,  April  G,  1867.  Dur 
ing  his  service  in  the  Senate  he  served 
with  ability  as  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Commerce. 

Evans,  John.— lie  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress,  from  Delaware, 
from  1776  to  1777. 

Evans,  Joshua.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1829  to  1833. 

Evans,  Josia7i,  Jr.— He  was  born  in 
the  District  of  Marlborough,  South  Caro 
lina,  November  27,  1786;  he  was  for  a 
time  a  merchant's  clerk,  but  graduated  at 
South  Carolina  College  in  1808;  taught 
school  for  one  year;  studied  law,  and  rose 
to  a  high  legal  position ;  at  an  early  age, 
in  1812,  1813,  and  1816,  he  was  sent  to  the 
Legislature ;  by  that  body  made  Solicitor 
for  the  State  from  his  District,  which 


132 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


position  he  held  for  thirteen  years;  in 
1830  he  was  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court,  which  office  he  held  until 
1852,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  the  terra  ending  in  1859, 
He  died  May  6,  1858,  of  disease  of  the 
heart,  having,  only  an  hour  before  his 
death,  been  partaking  of  the  hospitalities 
at  dinner  of  his  friend  and  colleague, 
Senator  Hammond.  He  was  Chairman  of 
the  Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims, 
and  on  Contingent  Expenses  of  the  Sen 
ate,  and  also  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  Patents  and  on  Naval  Affairs. 

Evans,  Lemuel  D. — He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Texas,  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Evans,  Nathan. — Born  in  Belmont 
County,  Ohio,  June  24,  1804;  received  a 
common-school  education,  and  studied 
law,  being  admitted  to  practice  in  1831. 
He  was  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  Guern 
sey  County  for  four  years,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from'  Ohio,  from 
1847  to  1849,  and  now  follows  his  profes 
sion  iu  Cambridge,  Ohio. 

Evans,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1797  to  1801. 

Eveleigh,  Nic7iolas.-—Ilcwas  a  Del 
egate,  from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1781  to  1782. 

Everett,  Edward.  —  Born  in  Dor 
chester,  Massachusetts,  April,  1794.  He 
received  his  early  education  at  Boston, 
and  entered  Harvard  College  when  little 
more  than  thirteen  years  old,  leaving  it 
with  first  honors  four  years  later,  unde 
cided  as  to  a  pursuit  for  life.  He  turned 
his  attention  for  two  years  to  the  profes 
sion  of  divinity;  but,  in  1814,  he  was  in 
vited  to  accept  the  new  Professorship  of 
Greek  Literature  at  Cambridge,  Massachu 
setts,  with  permission  to  visit  Europe. 
He  accepted  the  office,  and,  before  enter 
ing  on  its  duties,  embarked  at  Boston  for 
Liverpool.  He  passed  more  than  two 
years  at  the  famous  University  of  Gottin- 
gen,  engaged  in  the  study  of  the  German 
language  and  the  branches  of  learning 
connected  with  his  department.  He 
passed  the  winter  of  1817-'18  at  Paris. 
The  next  spring  he  again  visited  London, 
and  passed  a  few  weeks  at  Cambridge  and 
Oxford.  In  the  autumn  of  1818  he  re 
turned  to  the  continent,  and  divided  the 
winter  between  Florence,  Rome,  and 
Naples.  In  the  spring  of  1819  he  made  a 
short  tour  in  Greece.  He  came  home  in 
1819,  and  entered  at  once  upon  the  duties 
of  his  professorship.  Soon  after  his  re 
turn  he  became  the  editor  of  the  "North 
American  Revicw,"a  journal  which,  though 
supported  by  writers  of  great  ability,  had 


acquired  only  a  limited  circulation.  Un 
der  its  new  editor  the  demand  increased 
so  rapidly  that  a  second  and  sometimes  a 
third  edition  of  its  numbers  was  required. 
In  1824  he  delivered  the  annual  oration 
before  the  Phi-Beta-Kappa  Society,  at 
Cambridge,  Massachusetts.  This  was 
the  first  of  a  series  of  orations  and  ad 
dresses  delivered  by  him  on  public  occa 
sions  of  almost  every  kind  during  a 
quarter  of  a  century,  and  afterwards  col 
lected  in  several  volumes.  Up  to  1824  he 
had  taken  no  active  interest  in  politics, 
but  the  constituency  of  Middlesex,  Mas 
sachusetts,  without  any  solicitation  on  his 
part,  returned  him  to  Congress.  For  ten 
years  he  sat  in  Congress,  aud  was  a  work 
ing  member.  In  1835  he  retired  from 
Congress,  and  was  for  four  successive 
years  chosen  Governor  of  Massachusetts. 
In  1841  he  was  appointed  to  represent  the 
United  States  at  the  Court  of  St.  James. 
Although  the  Secretaryship  of  State  at 
Washington  was  held  by  four  different 
statesmen,  of  various  politics,  during  his 
mission,  he  enjoyed  the  confidence  and 
approbation  of  all.  His  scholarship  was 
recognized  by  the  bestowal  of  the  degree 
of  D.C.L.  by  the  Universities  of  Oxford 
and  Cambridge.  He  returned  to  America 
in  1845,  and  was  chosen  President  of  Har 
vard  College,  which  office  he  resigned  in 
1849.  On  the  death  of  Mr.  Webster  he 
was  appointed  Secretary  of  State  by  Pres 
ident  Fillmore,  which  office  he  resigned 
for  a  seat  in  the  Senate,  serving  from 
March,  1853,  to  May,  1854.  This  position 
he  also  resigned,  after  which  time,  al 
though  leading  the  quiet  life  of  a  scholar, 
he  greatly  added  to  his  reputation  by  de 
livering  orations  on  the  Life  of  Washing 
ton,  and  on  other  topics,  all  being  for 
charitable  purposes.  He  was  the  intimate 
friend  of  Daniel  Webster,  and  wrote  the 
best  Life  extant  of  that  distinguished 
man,  whose  collected  writings  he  edited. 
In  1860  he  was  nominated  by  the  Union 
party  as  their  candidate  for  the  office  of 
Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  but 
was  defeated.  Died  in  Boston,  January 
15,  1865.  His  last  public  position  was 
that  of  Presidential  Elector  in  1864. 

Everett,  Horace. — A  native  of  Ver 
mont,  was  born  in  1780;  he  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession;  settled  in  Windsor,  aud 
distinguished  himself  as  one  of  the  most 
successful  jury  advocates  in  Vermont. 
He  served  in  the  State  Legislature  iu  1819, 
1820,  1822,  1823,  1824,  and  1834;  was 
State's  Attorney  for  Windsor  County 
from  1813  to  1817,  and  was  a  prominent 
member  of  the  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  of  1828.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  iu  Congress  from  1829  to  1843,  and  had 
the  title  conferred  upon  him  of  Doctor  of 
Laws.  Died  at  Windsor,  Vermont,  Janu 
ary  30,  1851. 

Everhart,  William.— lie  was  bora 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


133 


in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1853  to  1855.  The  circumstance  is  related 
of  this  gentleman,  that  it  was  his  misfor 
tune,  many  years  ago,  to  be  wrecked  on 
the  coast  of  Ireland,  where  he  and  five 
survivors  of  the  ill-fated  vessel  were 
treated  with  great  kindness;  and  that, 
during  the  famine  in  Ireland  a  few  years 
ago,  he  loaded  a  ship  with  provisions,  at 
his  own  expense,  and  sent  her  to  Ireland, 
by  way  of  expressing  his  gratitude. 

Ewlng,  Andrew.— He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1849  to  1851.  Took  part 
ill  the  Rebellion. 

Ewiny,  Edivin  If.—  He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1845  to 
1847.  Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Eivinff,  John. — He  was  born  at  sea, 
while  his  parents  were  on  their  way  from 
Ireland  to  Baltimore.  He  was  bred  to 
mercantile  pursuits,  but  acquired  a  taste 
for  literature.  He  served  in  both  branches 
of  the  Legislature  of  Indiana,  and  was  a 
Representative  of  that  State,  in  Con 
gress,  from  1833  to  1835,  and  again  from 
1837  to  1839.  He  died  suddenly  and 
alone,  at  Vincennes,  in  the  winter  of  1857, 
leaving  on  his  table  these  lines  :  — 

"  Here  lies  a  man  who  loved  his  friends, 
His  God,  his  country,  and  Vincennes." 

Eivinff,  John  H. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847. 

Ewinff,  Presley.  —  Born  in  Ken 
tucky,  and  was  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress ; 
he  died  at  the  Mammoth  Cave,  September 
27,  1854.  He  was  considered  one  of  the 
most  promising  young  men  of  the  State. 
He  had  been  liberally  educated,  and,  before 
entering  Congress,  had  twice  served  in 
the  Legislature  of  Kentucky,  and  he  had 
also  travelled  extensively  in  Europe. 

Eivinff,  Thomas. — He  was  born  near 
West  Liberty,  Ohio  County,  Virginia,  De 
cember  28,  1789;  he  received  his  early 
education  chiefly  from  an  elder  sister,  and, 
with  his  father's  family,  settled  in  the 
wilds  of  Ohio,  about  1792,  where  he  en 
joyed  the  advantages  of  a  winter  school 
and  an  academy ;  his  life,  during  his  youth 
and  early  manhood,  was  one  of  continuous 
toil;  in  1814  he  was  a  school-teacher ;  in 
1815  he  received  the  degree  of  A.B.  from 
the  Athens  Academy,  the  first  ever  granted 
in  Ohio ;  and  he  studied  law  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1816,  practising  with 
success  in  the  courts  of  Ohio  and  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  In 
1830  lie  was  elected  to  a  seat  in  the  United 


States  Senate,  from  Ohio,  where  he  re 
mained  until  1837;  he  was  a  member  of 
President  Harrison's  cabinet,  as  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury,  in  1841 ;  on  the  accession 
of  President  Taylor  to  the  Presidency,  in 
1849,  he  was  invited  into  the  cabinet,  and 
took  charge  of  the  new  Department  of  the 
Interior;  and,  in  1850,  he  was  appointed 
to  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
where  he  remained  until  1851,  when  he 
retired  from  political  life,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Ohio. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "Peace  Congress" 
of  1SG1;  and  also  chosen  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention  "  in  1866,  but  did  not  take  part  iu 
its  proceedings. 

Ewlng,  William  L.  Z>.— He  was  a 
Senator  in  Congress  by  appointment,  from 
Illinois,  from  1836  to*  1837.  Died  March 
25,  1846,  aged  fifty-one  years,  while  hold 
ing  the  office  of  State  Auditor. 

Fairfleld,  John.  —  Born  -in  Saco, 
Maine,  January  30,  1797.  He  received  a 
common-school  education,  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826.  In 
1832  he  was  appointed  Reporter  of  the 
Decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court ;  from 
1835  to  1839  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Maine ;  he  was  Governor 
of  the  State  during  the  years  1839,  1840, 
1842,  and  1843 ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  in  1843,  to  fill  a  vacancy, 
and  in  1845  was  re-elected  for  a  term  of 
six  years ;  but  he  died  at  Washington, 
December  24,  1847,  after  a  surgical  oper 
ation  for  the  relief  of  a  local  complaint. 

Faran,  James  J.—  He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  residing  at  Cincinnati,  and  was  a 
Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirti 
eth  Congress. 

Farelly,  John  W.—  He  was  the  son 

of  Patrick,  named  below,  and  was  born  in 
Meadville,  Pennsylvania,  in  July,  1809; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in 
1828;  a  State  Senator  from  1838  to  1841; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1847  to  1849 ;  and  Sixth  Audi 
tor  of  the  Treasury,  from  1849  to  1853. 

Farelly,  Patric7c.—T$orn  in  Ireland 
in  1760;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1821  to  1826.  Died 
January  12,  1826,  at  Meadville,  Pennsyl 
vania,  before  the  expiration  of  his  term 
in  Congress. 

Farlee,  Isaac  G.—  He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  'from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Farley,  E.  Wilder.— lie  was  born 
in  Maine,  in  1818;  graduated  at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1836 ;  studied  law,  and  was  iu 


134 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


the  State  Legislature  in  1845 ;  and  from 
1851  to  1853 ;  and  was  a  Eepresentative  in 
Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1853  to  1855. 
He  also  served  in  the  State,  Senate  in  1856. 

Farlin,  Dudley.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1835  to  1837,  and  died  at  Warrens- 
burg,  New  York,  September  26,  1837. 

Farnsworth,  John  F.—  Was  born 
in  the  township  of  Eaton,  Lower  Canada, 
March  27, 1820;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession, 
and  was  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  from  Illinois,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Revolution 
ary  Pensions.  He  was  also  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  in  1862  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  In 
1861  he  took  part  in  the  war  as  a  Colonel 
of  Volunteers.  He  raised  and  took  into 
the  field  the  Eighth  Regiment  of  Illinois 
Cavalry,  serving  in  the  Army  of  the  Poto 
mac  until  1863 ;  and  in  1863  and  1864  he 
raised  the  Seventeenth  Regiment  of  Illi 
nois  Volunteers  by  order  of  the  War  De 
partment.  He  was  brevetted  a  Brigadier- 
General  in  1862.  Re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Appropriations,  and  as  a  Regent 
of  the  Smithsonian  Institution ;  and  on 
the  Committees  on  the  South  Carolina 
Murders,  and  Reconstruction.  He  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Pittsburg  "  Soldiers' Con 
vention  "  of  1866 ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Reconstruction  and  the  Post- 
Office. 

Farquhar,  John  If.— He  was  born 
in  Frederick  County,  Maryland,  Decem 
ber  20,  1818;  removed  to  Indiana  with 
his  father's  family  in  1833 ;  from  1837  to 
1840  he  served  his  adopted  State  as  a  Civil 
Engineer;  studied  law  and  practised  the 
profession ;  in  1842  and  1843  he  was  Sec 
retary  of  the  Indiana  Senate ;  was  Chief 
Clerk  of  the  State  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1844 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1860,  and  in  1861  he  was  commissioned 
a  Captain  in  the  Nineteenth  United  States 
Infantry,  in  which  capacity  he  served  un 
til  1864,  when  he  resigned,  and  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  Indiana  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post 
Roads,  and  on  the  Militia. 

Farrington,  James.— He  was  born 
in  New  Hampshire  in  1791,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1837  to  1830.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1830, 
1832,  and  1833.  Died  at  Rochester,  New 
York,  October  29,  1859. 

Farrow,  Samuel.  —  Born  in  Vir 
ginia  in  1760;  served  in  the  Revolution 
ary  war,  and  was  wounded ;  studied  law, 


and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1793 ;  was 
elected  to  Congress  from  South  Carolina 
as  a  Representative  for  the  terms  from 
1813  to  1817,  but  resigned  in  1816;  served 
in  the  State  Legislature  from  1817  to  1821 ; 
and  died  at  Columbia,  November  18,  1824. 

Fanvell,  Nathan  A. — He  was  born 
in  the  town  of  Unity,  Maine,  in  1812,  and 
received  a  public-school  education ;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1860, 
1863,  and  1864;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  in  1853,  1854,  1861,  and  1862,  pre 
siding  as  President  of  that  body  during 
the  latter  year ;  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Baltimore  Convention  in  1864;  and  in 
October  of  that  year  he  was  appointed, 
and  soon  afterwards  elected,  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Maine,  for  the  unexpired 
term  of  William  P.  Fessenden,  \vho  had 
resigned,  taking  his  seat  during  the  sec 
ond  session  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "  Loyalists'  Convention"  of  18C6. 

FaulJfner,   Charles   J".  —  Born  in 

Berkeley  County,  Virginia,  about  the  year 
1805.  He  received  a  collegiate  education ; 
came  to  the  bar  in  1829 ;  was,  in  1832  and 
1833,  elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates ; 
soon  afterwards  appointed  a  Commissioner 
to  report  upon  the  boundary  between  Vir 
ginia  and  Maryland;  in  1841  was  elected 
to  the  Senate  of  Virginia,  and  in  1848  was 
again  elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates ; 
in  1850  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
formed  to  revise  the  Constitution  of  the 
State,  and  having,  in  1851,  been  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  was  re-elect 
ed  to  each  successive  Congress,  and  was, 
during  the  first  session  of  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  a  member  of  the  Committee  to 
Inquire  into  the  Sale  of  the  Fort  Snelliug 
Reservation ;  also  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Military  Affairs,  and  in  a  subse 
quent  Congress  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  In  Jan 
uary,  1860,  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Buchanan  Minister  to  France.  He 
returned  to  America  in  1861,  was  suspect 
ed  of  disloyalty,  imprisoned  at  Fort  War 
ren,  and  exchanged  for  Hon.  Alfred  Ely 
in  December  of  that  year. 

Fay,  Francis  B. — He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  Senate  in  1842  and  1845; 
Mayor  of  Chelsea  in  1857 ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1852  to  1853. 

Fay,  John. — He  was  born  in  Worces 
ter  County,  Massachusetts,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1819  to  1821. 

Fearing,  Paul. — Born  in  Wareham, 

Massachusetts,  February  28,  1762;  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  University  in  1785 ;  stud 
ied  law,  and  emigrated  to  Ohio,  where  he 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


135 


became  distinguished  in  his  profession. 
He  settled  in  Marietta  in  1788,  after  per 
forming  the  journey  from  Baltimore  over 
the  mountains  on  foot.  Soon  after  his 
arrival  he  was  appointed  United  States 
Attorney  for  Washington  County,  in  that 
Territory.  In  1797  he  was  appointed 
Judge  of  Probate  for  his  county,  and  in 
1801  was  chosen  a  Delegate  to  Congress, 
serving-  until  1803.  In  1814  he  was  ap 
pointed  Master  Commissioner  in  Chan 
cery,  and  from  1810  to  1817  was  Judge  in 
one  of  the  State  Courts.  In  1808  he  en 
gaged  extensively  in  the  raising  of  Meri 
no  sheep,  producing  the  best  description 
of  wool,  and  stimulating  others  to  unite 
in  the  business.  He  died  August  21, 
1822. 

Featherston,  W.  S.— He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and,  on  taking  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Mississippi,  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1847  to  1851. 
Took  part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a 
Brigadier-General. 

Felch,  Alphcus.—'Born  in  Limerick, 
York  County,  Maine,  September  28,  1806. 
He  graduated  at  Bovvdoiu  College,  and 
adopted  the  law  as  a  profession.  He  emi 
grated  to  Michigan  when  quite  young ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in 
1836  and  1837 ;  was  appointed  Bank  Com 
missioner  of  Michigan  in  1838,  and  re 
signed  in  1839 ;  for  a  short  time  in  1842 
was  Auditor-General  of  the  State,  but  re 
linquished  that  position  for  a  seat  on  the 
bench  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Michigan; 
in  1845  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Mich 
igan,  and  having  resigned  in  1847,  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  six 
years.  He  was  appointed  by  President 
Pierce  one  of  the  Commissioners  to  settle 
Land  Claims  in  California,  under  the  Act 
of  Congress  and  the  Treaty  of  Guada- 
lupe  Hidalgo,  in  March,  1853 ;  the  business 
of  which  commission  was  closed  by  dis 
posing  of  all  the  cases  before  it  in  March, 
1856,  since  which  time  he  has  lived  in  re 
tirement.  He  was  also  a  Dele-gate  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention  "  of  1864. 

Felder,  John  M.— Born  in  Orange- 
burg  District,  South  Carolina,  July  7, 
1782;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1804; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1808 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  As 
sembly  in  1812,  and  subsequently  of  the 
Senate ;  was  a  Trustee  of  South  Carolina 
College ;  and  served  as  a  Major  of  Militia ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  South  Carolina,  from  1831  to  1835. 
Died  at  Union  Point  September  1,  1851. 

Fell,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  Continental  Congress 
from  1778  to  1780. 

Fenner,  James. — Born  in  Provi 
dence,  Rhode  Island,  in  1771 ;  graduated 


at  Brown  University  in  1789,  from  which 
Institution  he  received  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  He  was  for  more  than  half  a  cen 
tury  actively  connected  with  the  public 
afl'airs  of  his  native  State;  was  United 
States  Senator  from  1805  to  1807,  when  he 
was  elected  Governor  of  Rhode  Island, 
which  office  he  held  four  years ;  was  re- 
elected  in  1824,  and  served  seven  years, 
and  was  again  elected  in  184-1 ;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector,  in  1821,  1827,  and 
1837 ;  and  was  President  of  the  Conven 
tion  that  formed  the  State  Constitution 
in  1842.  He  died  in  Providence,  April  17, 
1846. 

Fenton,  Reuben  E.—  Born  in  Car 
roll,  Chatauque  County,  New  York,  July 
1,  1819;  was  educated  at  Pleasant  Hill  and 
Fredonia  Academies,  and  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law,  but  pursued  the  mercantile 
business.  In  1843  he  was  elected  Super 
visor  of  the  town  of  Carroll.  He  was 
elected  a  Representative,  in  the  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  from 
New  York,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Private  Land  Claims ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Invalid 
Pensions ;  was  also  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Claims.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Ways  and  Means,  which 
position  he  resigned  to  accept  the  Gov 
ernorship  of  New  York  for  1865  and  1866, 
to  which  he  had  been  elected.  Re-elected. 

Ferguson,  Fenner. — Born  in  Rens- 
selaer  County,  New  York,  April  25,  1814. 
His  education  was  academic,  and  he  is  a 
lawyer  by  profession ;  he  was  Master  in 
Chancery  in  Albany,  New  York,  in  1844; 
also  Master  in  Chancery  in  Michigan;  a 
member  of  the  Michigan  Legislature,  and 
Prosecuting  Attorney.  June  29,  1854,  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Territory  of  Nebraska, 
which  office  he  resigned,  after  being 
elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress  from  that  Territory.  Died  at  Bel- 
levue,  Nebraska  Territory,  in  November, 
1859. 

Ferris,  Charles  G.—  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

Ferriss,  Orange. — He  was  born  at 
Glen's  Palls,  Warren  County,  New  York, 
November  26,  1814;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Vermont  in  1836;  studied 
law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1840.  In  1841 
he  was  appointed  Surrogate  of  his  county 
for  four  years;  in  1851  he  was  elected 
under  the  new  constitution  Judge  of  War 
ren  County,  and  twice  re-elected,  holding 
the  office  twelve  years  in  all.  Towards 
the  close  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  appointed 


136 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Provost  Marshal  for  his  district,  but  de 
clined,  and  in  18GG  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  New  York  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Revision  of  Laws,  Mines  and  Mining,  and 
Weights  and  Measures. 

Ferry,  Orris  S. — Born  in  Bethel, 
Connecticut,  August  15,  1823;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1844 ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846.  In  1847 
he  received  the  appointment  of  Lieuten 
ant-Colonel  of  the  First  Division  Con 
necticut  Militia;  in  1849  was  appointed 
Judge  of  Probate  for  the  District  of  Nor- 
•\valk;  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  1855 
and  1856 ;  in  1856  he  was  appointed  State's 
Attorney  for  the  County  of  Fairlield,  which 
position  he  continued  to  occupy  until  1859, 
when  he  was  elected  a  Representative  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  from  Connect 
icut,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and  the  Spe 
cial  Committee  of  thirty-three  on  the 
Rebellious  States.  He  served  with  dis 
tinction  as  a  Colonel  and  Brigadier-Gen- 
erel  in  the  war  for  the  Union,  and  in  1866 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  for 
the  term  commencing  March,  1867,  and 
ending  in  1873.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "of  1866  and  of  the  "  Soldiers' Conven 
tion  "  held  at  Pittsburg.  The  Committees 
upon  which  he  served  were  those  on  Pri 
vate  Land  Claims,  Patents  and  the  Patent 
Office,  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds, 
and  Territories. 

Ferry,  TJiomas  W.—  He  was  born 
in  Mackinac,  Michigan,  June  1,  1827;  was 
self-educated;  has  ever  been  occupied  in 
business  affairs.  In  1850  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature;  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1856 ;  for  eight  years  he  was  an 
active  member  of  the  Republican  State 
Committee ;  was  a  Delegate  at  large  to  the 
"Chicago  Convention"  of  1860,  and  a  Vice- 
President;  was  appointed  in  1863  Com 
missioner  for  Michigan  of  the  Soldiers' 
National  Cemetery  at  Gettysburg;  and  in 
1864  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Michigan  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Post 
Ofllce  and  Post  Roads,  the  Militia,  and  the 
War  Debts  of  Loyal  States.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866 ;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Naval  Affairs. 

Fcssenden,  Samuel  C.— Was  born 
in  New  Gloucester,  Maine,  March  7,  1815; 
graduated  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1834,  and 
completed  his  education  at  the  Bangor 
Theological  Seminary  in  1837 ;  in  1838  he 
was  ordained  and  installed  as  Pastor  of  the 
Second  Congregational  Church,  in  Thom- 
aston,  now  Rockland,  and  dismissed,  at 
his  own  request,  in  1856;  during  that  year 
he  established  the  "  Maine  Evangelist ; "  in 


1858  he  entered  upon  the  practice  of  law; 
soon  after  taking  that  step  he  was  elected 
Judge  of  the  Municipal  Court  of  Rockland ; 
and  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Maine  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  the  District  of  Columbia,  Government 
Employes,  and  Unfinished  Business.  In 
1865  he  was  appointed  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Examiners  of  the  Patent  Office. 

Fessenden,  T.  A.  !>.— Was  born  in 
Portland,  Maine,  January  23,  1826 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Bowdoin  College  in  1845;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  was  a  member  of 
the  Convention  that  nominated  General 
Fremont  for  President;  in  185S  was  ap 
pointed  Aide-de-camp  to  the  Governor  of 
Maine ;  in  1860  was  elected  to  the  Maine 
Legislature;  and  in  1861  was  chosen  At 
torney  for  the  County  of  Androscoggin, 
which  position  he  held  until  1862,  when 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Maine  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  for 
the  unexpired  term  of  C.  W.  Walton,  re 
signed,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Pri 
vate  Land  Claims. 

Fessenden,  William  Pitt.—  Born 
at  Boscawen,  New  Hampshire,  October  16, 
1806;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College  in 
1823 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Portland  in  1827,  where  he  has 
continued  the  practice  to  the  present  time ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  in 
1832,  and  re-elected  in  1840;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1841  to  1843, 
declining  further  service ;  was  again  in  the 
State  Legislature  in  1845  and  1846,  and  re- 
elected  in  1853  and  1854 ;  and  was  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress  for  six  years,  from 
March,  1853,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Finance ;  and  in  1859  was 
re-elected  for  the  term  of  six  years,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Fi 
nance,  on  the  Library  Committee,  and  also 
as  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 
He  was  a  member,  in  1832,  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  nominated  Henry  Clay  for 
President,  and  also  of  the  Conventions 
that  nominated  Generals  Taylor  and  Scott. 
During  the  summer  of  1858  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  Bow 
doin  College,  of  which  institution  he  is  a 
Trustee.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
"  Peace  Congress  "  of  1861.  In  July,  1864, 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln, 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  in  the  place  of 
S.  P.  Chase,  resigned ;  and  soon  afterwards 
received  from  Harvard  University  the  de 
gree  of  LL.D.  In  1864  he  was  re-elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress  for  the  term  com 
mencing  in  1865  and  ending  in  1871.  He 
resigned  his  position  in  the  cabinet  and 
again  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate,  March 
4,  1865,  and  was  again  placed  at  the  head 
of  the  Committee  on  Finance.  At  the 
succeeding  session  of  Congress  he  was 
made  Chairman  of  the  Special  Joint  Com 
mittee  on  Reconstruction,  so  called,  and 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


137 


was  the  author  of  the  Report  of  that  Com 
mittee  recommending  an  Amendment  to 
the  Constitution.  lie  was  also  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Relations 
and  again  of  that  on  the  Library,  and 
was  made  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

Feiv,  William.— Born  in  Maryland 
June  8,  1748.  When  he  was  ten  years  of 
age  he  removed  with  his  father  to  North 
Carolina,  where  he  received  a  good  edu 
cation.  He  was  a  Colonel  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  army,  and  distinguished  himself 
in  several  actions  with  the  British  and 
Indians.  He  settled  in  Georgia  in  1776, 
and  in  1778  was  Surveyor-General  of  the 
State,  and  Presiding  Judge  of  the  Rich 
mond  County  Court;  in  1780  he  was  sent 
as  Delegate  to  Congress,  and  remained  in 
that  body  until  the  peace ;  and  was  again 
appointed  in  1780;  and  in  the  next  year 
he  assisted  in  forming  the  National  Con 
stitution,  which  he  duly  signed ;  after  the 
adoption  of  which,  he  was  elected  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  serving  from  1789  to 
1703;  in  1796  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  which  framed  the  Constitu 
tion  of  the  State  of  Georgia,  and  subse 
quently  served  three  years  upon  the 
Bench,  as  well  as  in  the  Legislature  of 
that  State.  He  resided  during  his  latter 
years  in  the  City  of  New  York,  of  which 
he  was  Mayor,  and  whence  he  went  to  the 
Legislature  of  that  State,  and  where  he 
also  held  the  office  of  Commissioner  of 
Loans.  Ha  died  at  FUhkill,  New  York, 
July  16,  1828. 

FicJclin,  Orlando  JR.— A  native  of 
Kentucky,  and  born  in  1808 ;  he  received 
a  plain  English  education;  studied  law, 
and  graduated  at  the  Transylvania  Law- 
School,  commencing  to  practise  in  1830, 
in  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois.  In  1834  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  and 
was  Attorney  for  the  Wabash  Circuit 
in  1835.  In  1838  and  in  1842  was  again 
elected  to  the  Legislature;  and  in  i843 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Illinois,  serving  six  consecutive 
years,  and  was  re-elected  in  1850.  In 
1853  he  was  Colonel  of  Militia;  since 
which  time  he  has  been  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession  and  in  agricul 
tural  pursuits.  In  1856  he  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector. 

Field,  RicJiard  S.— He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey,  and  held  a  seat  in  the  United 
States  Senate,  from  that  State,  for  a  few 
months,  in  1862-'63,  by  appointment,  in 
place  of  J.  R.  Thompson,  deceased,  when 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln, 
Judge  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United 
States  of  New  Jersey.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866. 


Fields,  William  C.—lle  was  born  in 
the  City  of  New  York,  February  13,  1804 ; 
received  a  common-school  education; 
adopted  the  business  of  a  merchant  and  a 
manufacturer ;  was  for  three  years  Clerk 
of  Otsego  County,  sixteen  years  a  Justice 
of  the  Peace  in  the  Town  of  Laurens  and 
subsequently  Supervisor  of  the  town;  and 
in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  New  York,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Agriculture 
and  Accounts. 

Fillmore,  Millard.—ftorn  January 
7, 1800,  at  Summer  Hill,  Cayuga  County,  in 
the  State  of  New  York.  At  an  early  age 
he  was  sent  to  Livingston  County,  at  that 
time  a  wild  region,  to  learn  the  clothier's 
trade,  and  about  four  months  later  he  was 
apprenticed  to  a  wool-carder,  in  the  town 
in  which  his  father  lived.  During  the  four 
years  that  he  worked  at  his  trade  he  did 
what  he  could  to  supply  the  defects  of  his 
early  education.  At  the  age  of  nineteen 
he  commenced  the  study  of  law,  and  de 
voted  a  portion  of  his  time  to  teaching 
school.  In  1821  he  removed  to  Erie  Coun 
ty,  and  pursued  his  legal  studies  in  the 
City  of  Buffalo.  Two  years  later  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Common  Pleas,  and  com 
menced  the  practice  of  the  law  at  Aurora, 
in  the  same  county.  In  1827  he  was  ad 
mitted  as  an  Attorney,  and  in  1829  as  a 
Counsellor  in  the  Supreme  Court,  and  in 
the  following  year  he  removed  to  Buffalo. 
His  political  life  commenced  with  his  elec 
tion  to  the  State  Assembly,  in  which  he 
took  his  seat  in  1829.  In  1832  he  was 
elected  to  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  in 
the  following  year.  In  1835,  at  the  close 
of  his  term  in  office,  he  resumed  the  prac 
tice  of  the  law,  but  was  re-elected  to  Con 
gress  in  1837.  During  this  term  he  took 
a  more  prominent  part  in  the  business  of 
the  House  than  during  his  former  terra, 
and  was  assigned  a  place  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Elections.  He  was  successively  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh.  Congresses.  At  the  close  of  the 
first  session  of  the  Twenty-seventh  Con 
gress,  he  declined  a  re-election,  returned 
to  Buffalo,  and  again  devoted  himself  to 
his  profession.  In  1847  he  was  elected  to 
the  office  of  Comptroller  of  the  State.  In 
1848  he  was  nominated  by  the  Whigs  as 
their  candidate  for  Vice-President,  and 
elected  to  that  office  in  the  autumn  of  the 
same  year.  In  March,  1849,  he  resigned 
his  office  of  Comptroller,  to  assume  the 
duties  of  his  new  position,  where  he  re 
mained  until  the  death  of  President  Tay 
lor,  in  July,  1850,  by  which  he  was  elevated 
to  the  Presidential  chair.  His  term  of 
office  expired  March  4,  1852.  Since  his 
retirement  from  public  life  he  has  visited 
Europe. 

Finch,  Isaac.— He  was  a  native  of 
New  York ;  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of 


138 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


that  State  in  1822  and  1824 ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1829  to  1831. 

Finck,  JTill iam  E. — lie  was  born 
in  Ohio,  in  1822;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  that  State  when 
twenty-one  years  of  age;  in  1851  he  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  Ohio;  in  1852 
was  a  member  of  the  National  Convention 
which  nominated  General  Scott  for  the 
Presidency;  in  1861  he  was  again  elected 
a  State  Senator,  and  in  1802  he  was  chosen 
a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  Post  Office 
and  Post  Roads.  Re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads, 
and  Roads  and  Canals. 

Find-lay,  James* — He  was  a  native 
of  Franklin  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1825  to  1833.  He  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
December  21,  1835. 

Findlay,  «7o7m.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  ia  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1823  to  1827.  He  was  born  in  Frank 
lin  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
brother  of  James  and  William  Findlay, 
•who  were  also  in  Congress. 

Findlay,  William.— lie  was  born  in 
Franklin  County,  Pennsylvania;  was  Gov 
ernor  of  Pennsylvania  from  1817  to  1820; 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1821  to  1827.  Died  November 
14,  1846,  aged  seventy-eight  years. 

Findley,  William.  —  He  came  in 
early  life  from  Ireland.  In  the  Revolu 
tion  he  engaged  with  zeal  in  the  cause 
of  his  adopted  country,  and  at  the  close 
of  the  war  he  removed  to  Pennsylvania. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  framed  the  new  Constitution  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1791  to  1799,  and 
from  1803  to  1817.  In  his  politics  he  op 
posed  the  administration  of  Mr.  Adams, 
and  supported  Mr.  Jefferson.  He  pub 
lished  a  Review  of  the  Funding  System 
in  1794,  and  a  History  of  the  Insurrection 
of  the  Four  Western  Counties  of  Penn 
sylvania  in  1796.  He  died  at  Unity  Town 
ship,  Greousburg,  April  5,  1821,  aged  up 
wards  of  seventy. 

Fine,  John.  —  Born  in  New  York, 
August  26,  1784 ;  graduated  at  Columbia 
College,  New  York,  in  1809 ;  studied  law 
at  Litcli  field,  Connecticut,  and  settled  in 
St.  Lawrence  County,  New  York ;  was  a 
Judge  in  that  county  for  eighteen  years, 
from  1821  to  1839,  and  again  in  1844 ;  a 
State  Senator  in  1848 ;  was  County  Treas 
urer  from  1821  to  1833;  and  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1839  to  1841.  He 


published  a  volume  of  law  lectures.    Died 
in  Ogdensburg,  January  4,  1867. 

Flnney,  Darwin  A.— lie  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania;  received  a  good  ed 
ucation  ;  studied  law  and  devoted  him 
self  to  the  practice  of  the  profession ; 
was  a  member  for  several  3'cars  of  the 
Assembly  and  Senate  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Ex 
penditures  in  the  State  Department. 

FisJi,  Hamilton.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York  City  in  1809 ;  graduated  at  Co 
lumbia  College ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830 ;  in  1837  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1843  to 
1845 ;  Governor  of  New  York  from  1848  to 
1850;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
1851  to  1857.  Of  late  years  he  has  been 
travelling  in  Europe. 

Fisher,  Charles.— Born  in  Rowan 
County,  North  Carolina,  October  20,  1789. 
He  received  an  academical  education,  and 
studied  law,  but  did  not  practise  to  any 
extent.  He  commenced  public  life  by 
going  into  the  State  Senate  in  1818,  and 
in  1819  was  elected  to  Congress  from 
North  Carolina,  where  he  served  during 
his  term.  In  1821  he  was  elected  again  to 
the  State  Legislature,  where  he  served 
almost  continuously  until  1836.  He  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Convention  to  amend 
the  State  Constitution  in  1835 ;  and  from 
1839  to  1841  was  again  a  Representative 
in  Congress.  He  died  at  Hillsborough, 
Scott  County,  Mississippi,  May  7,  1849, 
while  returning  home  from  an  extended 
tour  in  the  South-west. 

FisJier,  David.  —  He  was  born  in 
Somerset  County,  Pennsylvania,  Decem 
ber  3,  1794;  received  an  English  educa 
tion,  chiefly  in  a  log  school-house ;  brought 
up  to  clearing  land  and  farming  in  Ohio  ; 
he  has  done  something  also  as  a  lay 
preacher;  in  1842  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  Ohio ;  and  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1847  to  1845.  His  chair  in  the  House 
of  Representatives  was  next  to  that  of 
the  late  John  Quincy  Adams,  and  when 
the  great  statesman  fainted,  before  his 
death,  he  fell  into  the  arms  of  Mr.  Fisher. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  theological  work  on 
the  "  Divinity  of  Christ." 

Fisher,  George. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1829  to  1830,  and  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Assembly,  from  Tioga  County, 
in  1835. 

FisJier,  George  P.— Born  in  Milford, 
Kent  County,  Delaware,  October  13,  1817; 
graduated  at  Dickinson  College,  Penusyl- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


139 


vania,  in  1838 ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1841 ;  in  1840  he  was 
Clerk  of  the  Delaware  Senate ;  in  1843  and 
1844  he  was  elected  to  the  Delaware  House 
of  Representatives;  in  1846  he  became 
Secretary  of  State  of  Delaware ;  iu 
1849  he  went  into  the  State  Department 
at  Washington  as  the  Confidential  Clerk  of 
Secretary  Clayton ;  in  1850  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Taylor  a  Commis 
sioner  to  settle  claims  against  Brazil, 
which  office  expired  in  1852;  from  1855  to 
1860  he  held  the  position  of  Attorney-Gen 
eral  of  the  State  of  Delaware;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  that  State 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  He  was  subsequently  appointed, 
by  President  Lincoln,  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  for  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Fislc,  James. — Born  about  the  year 
1762;  received  a  limited  education,  but 
studied  law,  and  from  his  superior  natural 
talent  rose  to  eminence  in  his  profession ; 
lie  was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Vermont,  from  1805  to  1809,  and  from  1811 
to  1815,  when  he  was  appointed  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Vermont, 
He  was  a  Senator  iu  Congress  during  the 
years  1817  and  1818,  and  resigned.  In 
1812  he  was  appointed  by  President  Mad 
ison  Judge  of  the  Territory  of  Indiana, 
and  in  1817  Collector  of  the  Port  of  Al- 
burg,  which  office  he  held  eight  years. 
He  died  December  1,  1844. 

Fisk,  Jonathan.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1809  to  1811,  and  again  from  1813  to 
1815,  when  he  was  appointed  United  States 
Attorney  for  the  Southern  District  of  New 
York. 

Fitch,  Asa. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1811  to  1813. 

Fitch,  G.  2f* — Born  in  Le  Roy,  Gen- 
esee  County,  New  York,  in  December, 
1810.  He  received  his  education  at  Mid- 
dlebury  and  Geneva,  but  did  not  graduate  ; 
he  studied  medicine,  and  was  a  Medical 
Professor  in  the  Rush  Medical  College  at 
Chicago,  Illinois,  from  1844  to  1849.  In 
1844,  1848,  and  1856,  he  was  chosen  a 
Presidential  Elector,  and  in  1836  and  1839 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Indiana. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1853,  and  in 
1857  was  chosen  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  for  the  term  ending  in  1861,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Post 
Offices  and  Post  Roads,  and  on  Indian  Af 
fairs.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866. 

Fitzgerald,   Thomas.— lie  was  a 

lawyer  by  profession ;   served  in  the  war 


of  1812,  under  General  W.  H.  Harrison ; 
and  in  1848  and  1849  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Michigan,  under  the  ap 
pointment  of  the  Governor.  Died  at  Niles, 
Michigan,  March  25,  1855. 

Fitzgerald,  William.— He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1831  to 
1833,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Expenditures  in  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment.  He  was  also  Judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court  of  Tennessee. 

FitzJiugJi,  William.— He  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
Virginia,  from  1779  to  1780;  and  was  an 
eminent  citizen  of  the  State. 

FitzpatricJc,   Benjamin.— He  was 

born  in  Greene  County,  Georgia,  June  30, 
1802 ;  having  been  left  an  orphan  when 
quite  young,  he  emigrated  with  an  elder 
brother,  in  1815,  to  the  valley  of  the  Ala 
bama  River,  near  Montgomery,  where  he 
has  ever  since  resided.  He  received  as 
good  an  education  as  new  countries  gen 
erally  afford ;  studied  law,  and  was  admit 
ted  to  practice  in  1821 ;  was  shortly  after 
wards  elected  Solicitor  of  the  Judicial 
District  in  which  he  lived;  was  again 
elected  to  the  same  office  in  1825,  and  held 
it  until  1829 ;  after  which  his  health  com 
pelled  him  to  relinquish  his  profession, 
and  settle  upon  a  farm.  He  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1840;  in  1841  was  elect 
ed  Governor  of  Alabama;  in  1843  was  re- 
elected  to  the  same  position ;  in  1852  he 
was  appointed  a  Senator  in  Congress,  to 
succeed  Honorable  W.  R.  King,  which  ap 
pointment  was  confirmed  by  the  Legisla 
ture  of  his  State,  and  at  the  conclusion  of 
that  term  he  was  elected,  in  1855,  to  the 
same  position  for  the  term  ending  in  1861.; 
retired  from  the  Senate  inFebruarj',  1861, 
and  took  part  in  the  Rebellion  of  that 
year.  For  several  sessions  he  served  as 
President  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Na 
tional  Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

Fitzsimons,   Thomas. — He  was  a 

Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1782  to  1783 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  Convention  that  formed 
the  Constitution  and  signed  that  instru 
ment  ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1789  to  1795;  and 
died  in  August,  1811,  aged  seventy  years. 
He  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locat 
ing  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Poto 
mac. 

Flanders,  Alvin. — Born  in  Hopkin- 
tou,  New  Hampshire,  in  1825;  acquired 
the  trade  of  a  machinist  in  Boston ;  re 
moved  to  California  in  1851,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  the  lumber  business  until  1858 ; 
subsequently  took  part  in  establishing  the 
San  Francisco  "  Daily  Times,"  with  which. 


140 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


he  was  connected  until  18G1 ;  during  that 
year  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  spent  two  years  in  the  United  States 
Branch  Mint;  was  appointed,  in  1862, 
Register  of  the  Huraboldt  Bay  Land  Of 
fice,  which  he  resigned,  and  then  he  re 
moved  to  Washington  Territory,  from 
which  he  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Flanders,  Benjamin  F.—  Born  in 
Bristol,  New  Hampshire,  January  26,  1816 ; 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1842 ; 
studied  law  and  settled  in  New  Orleans; 
taught  school  in  that  city  for  a  time,  and 
became  the  editor  of  the  "  Tropic"  newspa 
per;  served  as  a  member  of  the  city  gov 
ernment;  was  superintendent  of  a  public 
school,  and  also  of  a  railroad  company ; 
and  towards  the  close  of  the  year  1861  he 
was  elected,  under  a  new  order  of  things, 
a  Representative,  from  Louisiana,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  taking  his  seat 
within  a  fortnight  of  its  final  adjournment. 
In  1867  he  was  appointed  by  military  au 
thority,  Governor  of  Louisiana,  supersed 
ing  J.  M.  Weils,  having  previously  held  a 
special  appointment  under  the  Treasury 
Department. 

Flemming,    William.  — He  was  a 

Delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1779  to  1781. 

Fletcher,  Isaac.—  He  was  formerly 
a  member  of  the  Vermont  Legislature,  and 
a  member  of  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1837  to  1841.  He  died  at  Lyndon, 
Vermont,  October  19,  1842. 

Fletcher,  Richard.— He  was  born 
in  Cavendish,  Vermont,  January  8,  1788 ; 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  180G ; 
served  iu  the  Legislature  of  Massachu 
setts;  was  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
from  1848  to  1853;  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1837  to  1839. 

Fletcher,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1816  to  1817. 

Florence,  Elias.  —  'Ke  was  born  in 
Virginia ;  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1843  to  1845. 

Florence,  Thomas  B.  —  Born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  January  26, 
1812.  He  had  not  the  benefit  of  a  college 
education ;  for  a  time  he  devoted  himself 
to  the  occupation  of  a  hatter ;  he  publish 
ed  and  edited,  for  several  years,  a  Demo 
cratic  newspaper;  was  nine  years  Secre 
tary  of  the  Board  of  Controllers  of  Public 
Schools  in  Pennsylvania ;  and  was  elected 
to  Congress  in  1850,  where  he  served  con 
tinuously  until  1859,  acting  as  a  member 
of  the  Committees  on  Naval  Affairs  and 


Invalid  Pensions.  He  was  also  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress ;  and  while 
occupying  his  seat  as  a  Representative, 
established  in  Washington  the  "  National 
Democratic  Review,"  and  subsequently  ed 
ited  the  "  Constitutional  Union"  in  Wash 
ington.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866. 

Flournoy,  Thomas  S.  —  He  was 
born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  iu  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1847  to  1849.  He  participated  iu  the  great 
Rebellion,  and  was  killed  in  battle  in  Vir 
ginia  in  June,  1864. 

Floyd,  Charles  A.—  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  served  in  the  Assembly  of  that 
State  in  1836  and  1838,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1841  to  1843. 

Floyd,  John.—  Born  in  Virginia,  Oc 
tober  3,  1769.  In  consequence  of  the 
pecuniary  losses  of  his  father,  he  learned 
the  trade  of  a  carpenter,  and  in  1791  re 
moved  to  Georgia,  and  acquired  wealth 
from  the  manufacture  of  boats.  He  served 
in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  of  Georgia,  in  Congress,  from 
1827  to  1829.  He  was  a  Brigadier-General 
of  Militia,  and  subsequently  Major-Gener 
al,  and  served  during  the  war  of  1812.  He 
died  in  Camden  County,  Georgia,  June  24, 
1839. 

Floyd,  John. — Was  born  in  Jefferson 
County,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1817 
to  1829 ;  served  many  years  in  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State,  and  was  Governor  of 
Virginia  from  1829  to  1834.  He  died  at 
the  Sweet  Springs,  in  that  State,  August 
16,  1837. 

Floyd,  John  G. — He  was  a  native  of 
New  York,  served  in  the  Assembly  of  that 
State,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  the  same,  from  1839  to  1843, 
and  from  1851  to  1853. 

Floyd,  William. — He  was  born  in 
Suffolk  County,  New  York,  December  17, 
1734 ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1783,  and  signed 
the  Declaration  of  Independence ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1789  to  1791 ;  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1800,  1804,  and  1820;  and  for 
three  years  a  member  of  the  New  York 
State  Senate ;  in  1801  he  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Constitutional  Convention.  He 
died  in  Oneida  County,  New  York,  August 
4,  1821. 

Flugler,  TJiomas  T.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  served  in  the  Assembly  of 
that  State  in  1842  and  1843,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1853  to 

1857. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


141 


Fogg,  George  G. — He  was  born  in 
Meredith,  Belknap  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  May  26,  1815;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1839 ;  soon  afterwards 
became  Principal  of  the  Hebron  Academy ; 
was  subsequently  Professor  of  English 
Literature  in  the  New  Hampton  Academi 
cal  Institution,  studying  law  at  the  same 
time ;  and  after  a  course  of  study  at  the 
Cambridge  Liw  School  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1842.  After  practising  for 
some  years  in  Gilmanton.  he  was  elected 
in  1846  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  soon 
afterwards  Secretary  of  State,  when  he 
became  editor  of  the  "  Independent  Dem 
ocrat,"  with  which  he  has  ever  since  been 
connected.  In  1855  he  was  appointed  Re 
porter  of  the  Decisions  of  the  Supreme 
Judicial  Court  of  the  State,  which  he  re 
signed  in  1859 ;  in  1856  he  was  appointed 
Clerk  of  the  Congressional  Committee 
sent  out  by  the  House  of  Representatives 
to  Kansas ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Buffalo 
Free  Soil  Convention"  of  1848;  the 
"  Pittsburg  Convention  "  of  1852 ;  the 
"  Philadelphia  Republican  Convention"  of 
1850;  and  to  the  "Chicago  Convention" 
of  1860 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Republican 
National  Committee  from  1856  to  1864, 
and  Secretary  of  said  Committee  during 
the  canvass  for  the  re-election  of  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  in  18(50;  in  1861  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Lincoln  Minister 
Resident  to  Switzerland,  returning  in  No 
vember  1865 ;  and  in  1866  he  was  appointed 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  in  the  place  of  D.  Clark,  resigned; 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Foreign  Af 
fairs,  Claims,  and  Revolutionary  Claims. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  I860. 

Foley,  James  B. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Indiana,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  in 
1827,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tees  on  Agriculture  and  Expenditures  in 
the  Post  Office  Department. 

Folger,  Walter.  —  He  was  born  at 
Nantucket,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  direct 
descendant  of  Benjamin  Franklin ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  from 
1809  to  1815,  and  also  in  1822;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1817  to  1831. 

Folsom,  Nathaniel. — He  was  a  Del- 
ega^te  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  in  1774,  1775,  1777,  1778, 
1779,  and  1780. 

Foot,  Samuel  A.—  Born  in  Cheshire, 
Connecticut,  Novembers,  1780;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1797,  and  commenced 
the  practice  of  law  in  his  native  town.  He 
ivas  chosen  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Connecticut,  in  1819,  1823,  and"l833; 
was  Speaker  of  the  Connecticut  House  of 


Representatives  in  1825  and  1826 ;  and  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  1827  to  1833,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Pen 
sions.  In  1834  he  was  elected  Governor 
of  the  State,  and  in  1844  he  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector.  He  died  September  16, 
1846.  He  it  was  who  offered,  on  the  floor 
of  Congress,  the  famous  resolutions,  upon 
which  was  founded  the  great  debate  be 
tween  Hayne  and  Webster. 

Foote,  Solomon.  —  He  was  born  in 
Cornwall,  Addison  County,  Vermont,  No 
vember  19, 1802;  graduated  at  Middlebury 
College  in  1826;  was  for  one  year  the 
Principal  of  Castleton  Academy,  and  for  a 
time  a  Tutor  in  the  University  of  Vermont, 
and  Professor  of  Natural  Philosophy  in 
the  Vermont  Academy  of  Medicine ;  stud 
ied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1831,  set 
tling  in  Rutland,  where  he  always  resided. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Vermont  Legis 
lature  in  1833,  1836,  1837,  1838,  and  1847 ; 
was  Speaker  of  the  House  during  his  last 
three  terms ;  was  a  member,  in  1836,  of 
the  Convention  for  altering  the  State  Con 
stitution  ;  and  was  a  State  Attorney  from 
1836  to  1842.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1843  to  1847;  and  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  for  the  term  commencing  in  1851 
and  ending  1857,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Foreign  Affairs  and  the  Pacific 
Railroad,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term 
ending  in  1863 ;  also  for  a  third  term,  end 
ing  in  1869,  continuing  at  the  head  of  his 
old  Committee,  and  as  a  member  of  those 
on  Foreign  Relations,  Pensions,  and  Com 
merce.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
National  Committee  appointed  to  accom 
pany  the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to 
Illinois.  During  a  part  of  the  Thirty- 
sixth,  the  whole  of  the  Thirty-seventh,  and 
a  part  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congresses, 
he  was  President  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Baltimore 
Convention"  in  1864.  Died  in  Washington, 
March  28,  1866,  deeply  lamented. 

Foote,  Charles  A. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1823  to 
1825.  Died  in  Delaware  County,  August 
1,  1828. 

Foote,  Henry  £.— He  was  born  in 
Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  September  20, 
1800,  and  was  educated  at  Washington 
College,  in  that  State;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  settled  in  Ala 
bama  in  1824 ;  in  1826  he  removed  to  Mis 
sissippi,  and  there  continued  the  practice 
of  his  profession;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1844;  was  elected,  in  1847,  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  where  he  remained 
until  1852,  officiating  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Relations;  and  he 
was  elected  Governor  of  Mississippi  iu 


142 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


1852.  He  subsequently  spent  a  few  years 
in  California.  In  1859  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Southern  Convention  held  at  Knox- 
ville,  Tennessee,  and  during  his  life  fought 
three  duels.  He  identified  himself  with 
the  great  Rebellion,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Confederate  Congress ;  and  after 
the  return  of  peace  he  published  "  The 
War  of  the  Rebellion." 

Forbes,  J~ames. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  Maryland  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1778  to  1780. 

Ford,  James. — He  served  two  years 
in  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1829  to  1833.  His  life  was 
honorably  interwoven  with  the  history  of 
his  State,  and  he  died  at  Lawrenccville, 
Pennsylvania,  August,  1859,  aged  seventy- 
six  years. 

Ford.  William  D.—  He  was  born  in 
Providence,  Rhode  Island-,  served  in  the 
New  York  Assembly  in  1816  and  1817; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1819  to  1821. 

Fornance,  Joseph.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1839  to  1841. 

Forney,  Daniel  M. — Born  in  Lincoln 
County,  North  Carolina,  May,  1784.  Dur 
ing  the  late  war  with  England  he  served 
as  Major  in  the  State  line,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1815  to  1818,  and  in  1820  was 
appointed  Commissioner  to  treat  with  the 
Creek  Indians.  From  1823  to  1826  he  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Legislature.  In 
1834  he  removed  to  Lowndes  County, 
Alabama,  where  he  died  in  October,  1847. 

Forney,  Peter.—  Born  in  Lincoln 
County,  North  Carolina,  April,  1756.  He 
was  a  patriot  and  soldier  of  the  Revolu 
tion.  He  served  as  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  for  several  years,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
North  Carolina,  from  1813  to  1815.  He 
served  as-  an  Elector  during  the  Presi 
dential  campaigns  of  Jefferson.  Madison, 
Monroe,  and  Jackson.  Died  February  1, 
1834. 

Forrest,  Thomas. — He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1821,  and  again  from 
1822  to  1823,  for  the  miexpired  term  of 
William  Milnor.  Died  March  20,  1825. 
He  was  elected  to  Congress  by  one  vote. 

Forrest,  Uriah. — He  was  a  General 
in  the  Revolutionary  war;  lost  a  leg  at 
the  battle  of  Brandywine,  was  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Germantown,  from  the 


effects  of  which  he  never  recovered ;  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
from  1786  to  1787;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  during  the 
years  1793  and  1794,  and  resigned.  Died 
at  his  country  seat  near  Georgetown, 
District  of  Columbia,  in  1805. 

Forrester,  John  B. — He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833 
to  1837,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Co:n- 
mittee  on  Claims.  Died  August  31,  1845. 

Forsyth,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  October  2, 
1780;  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in 
1799 ;  removed  with  his  father  to  Charles 
ton,  South  Carolina,  and  afterwards  to 
Augusta,  Georgia.  He  studied  law,  and 
from  1802  to  1808  distinguished  himself  at 
the  Georgia  bar-,  and  in  1808  was  Attorney- 
Gencral  of  the  State;  he  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1813  to  1818,  and  from  1823  to  1827;  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  durinir  the  years 
1818  and  1819,  and  from  1829  to  *1837, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Commerce ;  Governor  of  Georgia  in 
1827,  1828,  and  1829;  Minister  to  Spain 
from  1819  to  1822;  and  was  Secretary  of 
State  under  President  Jackson;  in  which 
position  he  was  continued  by  President 
Van  Buren  until  the  end  of  his  adminis 
tration.  His  superior  abilities  were  uni 
versally  acknowledged,  and  the  dignity 
and  elegance  of  his  manners  added  much 
to  his  popularity.  He  died  in  Washing 
ton  City,  of  bilious  fever,  October  21, 
1841. 

Fort,  Tomlinson. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1827  to  1829.  He  was  at  one  time  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  of  Georgia;  prac 
tised  the  profession  of  medicine;  and  was 
President  of  the  Central  Bank  of  Georgia 
from  1832  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
May  11,  1859,  aged  seventy-two  years. 

Forward,    Chauncey.  —  He    was 

born  at  Old  Granby,  Connecticut,  and  was 
the  younger  brother  of  Walter  Forward. 
About  the  year  1800  he  removed  to  Ohio 
with  his  father ;  was  educated  at  Jefferson 
College ;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar 
in  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania.  In  1817  he 
settled  in  Somerset,  of  that  State ;  was 
frequently  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  serving  in  both  Houses ;  in  1825"  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
for  an  unexpired  term,  and  was  twice  re- 
elected,  serving  until  1831.  He  never 
quitted  politics,  nor  ceased  to  practise  his 
profession,  but  late  in  life  took  a  special 
interest  in  matters  connected  with  the 
Baptist  Church,  and  became  a  very  popular 
and  successful  preacher.  He  died  at 
Somerset,  October,  1839. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Forward,  Walter. — lie  was  born  in 
Connecticut  in  1786,  where  he  received  a 
liberal  education.  He  removed  to  Pitts- 
burg  in  1803,  and  studied  law.  In  1805 
he  became  editor  of  the  paper  called  the 
"  Tree  of  Liberty ;"  from  1806  to  1822  he  was 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law,  and,  as  a 
pleader,  had  few  equals.  In  1822  he  was 
elected  to  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
as  a  Representative,  where  he  continued 
tili  March,  1825.  In  1837  he  bore  a  prom 
inent  part  in  the  Peuusj'lvania  Convention 
to  reform  the  State  Constitution.  In 
March,  1841,  President  Harrison  named 
him  First  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 
which  post  he  held  until  he  was  appointed 
by  President  Tyler  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury.  On  retiring  from  President 
Tyler's  cabinet,  he  resumed  and  continued 
his  practice  at  the  bar,  until  appointed  by 
President  Taylor  Charge  d'Affaires  to  Den 
mark,  where  he  spent  several  years,  re 
signing  his  situation  to  return  home  in 
order  to  accept  the  office  of  President 
Judge  of  the  District  Court  of  Alleghany 
County,  to  which  he  had  been  called  by 
popular  election.  While  in  court,  em 
ployed  in  his  judicial  duties,  he  was 
suddenly  taken  ill,  and  died  in  forty-eight 
hours,  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  Novem 
ber  24,  1852. 

Fosdiclk,  Nicoll» — Born  in  New  Lon 
don,  Connecticut,  November  9,  1785,  of 
direct  Puritan  stock;  in  1809  removed  to 
Herkimer  County,  New  York;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1816 ;  a  member  of 
the  Legislature  of  New  York  in  1818, 
again  in  1819,  and  declined  a  re-election; 
was  a  Representative,  from  New  York,  in 
the  Nineteenth  Congress ;  returned  to  his 
native  place  in  1843,  and  from  1849  to  1853 
was  Collector  of  Customs  for  the  District 
of  New  London.  Died  in  New  London 
May  7,  1868. 

Foster,  Abiel. — Born  in  Andover, 
Massachusetts,  August  8, 1735 ;  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1756 ;  studied 
theology,  and  was  a  pastor  for  eighteen 
years  over  the  Congregational  Church  in 
Canterbury,  New  Hampshire ;  and  in  1780 
was  a  Representative  to  the  General 
Court ;  was  a  Delegate,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1783  to  1785 ;  and  was  present  at  Washing 
ton's  resignation  of  the  command  of  the 
army  at  Annapolis ;  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 
from  1789  to  1791,  and  was  again  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Legislature,  and  a  Dele 
gate  to  revise  the  State  Constitution;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  from  1793 
to  1794,  and  in  both  years  was  President 
of  that  body ;  and  was  re-elected  to  Con 
gress  from  1795  to  1803.  He  died  at 
Canterbury  February  6,  1806. 

Foster,    A.   Latvrence.—He    was 

born  in  New  York,  aud  was  a  Representa 


tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1841  to  1843. 

Foster,  Divight.—Re  was  born  in 
Massachusetts  in  1757,  and  died  at  Brook- 
field,  in  that  State,  in  April,  1823.  He 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1774; 
studied  and  practised  law;  was  County 
Sheriff  and  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1793  to  1799; 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1800  to 
1803,  when  he  resigned. 

Foster,  Epliralin  U.. — He  entered 
public  life  when  quite  young,  and  in  1829 
was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  of  Tennessee.  In  1837  he  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  but 
in  1839  resigned  his  seat  because  he  could 
not  obey  the  instructions  of  the  State 
Legislature;  and  in  1843  he  was  re-elected 
for  two  years.  On  his  return  from  Wash 
ington  he  was  a  candidate  for  Governor, 
but  failed  of  an  election.  He  died  at  Nash 
ville,  September  4,  1854. 

Foster,  Henry  A. — He  was  born  in 
New  York;  served  in  the  Senate  of  that 
State  from  1831  to  1834,  and  from  1841  to 
1844 ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1837  to  1839^;  and 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress  during  the 
years  1844  and  1845,  by  appointment  of 
the  Governor. 

Foster,  Henry  D.—  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847. 

Foster,  LaFayette  S.—  He  was  born 
in  Franklin,  New  London  County,  Connect 
icut,  November  22,  1806,  and  is  a  direct 
descendant  of  Miles  Standish.  He  grad 
uated  at  Brown  University  in  1828; 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1831 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly 
of  Connecticut  in  1839  and  1840,  in  1846, 
1847,  and  1848,  and  1854 ;  was  Speaker  of 
the  House  in  1847,  1848,  and  1854;  Mayor 
of  the  City  of  Norwich  for  two  years,  in 
1850  and  1851;  received  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  from  Brown  University  in  1850,  and 
was  chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  the 
term  commencing  in  1855  and  ending  in 
1861,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tees  on  Public  Lands,  Pensions,  and  the 
Judiciary.  He  was  re-elected  in  1860  for 
the  term  ending  in  1867,  and  during  the 
Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gresses  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Pensions,  and  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims, 
Private  Land  Claims,  Indian  Affairs,  and 
Foreign  Relations ;  at  the  extra  session 
of  the  Senate,  in  1865,  he  was  chosen 
President  pro  tern,  of  that  body ;  the  death 
of  Abraham  Lincoln  and  the  elevation  of 


144 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Andrew  Johnson  to  the  Presidency  mak 
ing  him  acting  Vice  -  President  of  the 
United  States.  During  the  subsequent 
recess,  as  a  member  of  a  Special  Commit 
tee  of  the  Senate,  he  visited  some  of  the 
Indian  tribes  west  of  the  Mississippi. 

Foster,  Nathaniel  G.  —  Born  at 
"The  Fork,"  in  Greene  County,  Georgia, 
August  25,  1809;  graduated  at  Franklin 
College  in  1839 ;  read  .law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  settled  in 
Madison,  Georgia,  where  he  obtained  a 
high  reputation  as  an  advocate  and  jury 
lawyer.  He  served  three  years  as  So 
licitor  General  of  Ocmulgee  Circuit,  five 
years  in  the  State  Senate,"aud  one  year  in 
the  House ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Foster,  Stephen  C.—  Born  in  Ma- 
chias,  Maine,  December  24,  1799;  com 
menced  life  as  a  blacksmith,  but  for  the 
last  twenty-five  years  has  been  a  lumber- 
merchant  and  ship-builder;  was  in  the 
Maine  Legislature  from  1834  to  1837, 
again  in  1840,  when  he  was  President  of 
the  Senate,  and  again  in  1847 ;  was  elected 
to  Congress,  from  Maine,  in  1856,  serving 
through  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Manufac 
tures.  He  is  now  President  of  the  Wash 
ington  Agricultural  Society  of  his  native 
State.  He  was  also  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  was  also  a  member 
of  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861. 

Foster,  Theodore.  —  He  was  born 
in  Massachusetts;  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1770 ;  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  from  1790 
to  1803,  and  died  in  1828,  aged  seventy-six 
years. 

Foster,  Thomas  F.—  Born  in  Greens- 
borough,  Georgia,  November  23,  1790. 
He  graduated  at  Franklin  College  in  1812 ; 
read  law  at  home,  and  at  Litchfield,  Con 
necticut,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1816.  He  was  for  many  years  a  member 
of  the  Georgia  Legislature ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1829  to  1835,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843. 
He  died  in  1847. 

FouJce,  Philip  B. — Born  in  Kaskas- 
kia,  Illinois,  January  23,  1818;  was  chief 
ly  self-educated;  was  first  a  clerk  and 
then  a  civil  engineer;  in  1841  he  estab 
lished  a  paper  called  the  "  Belleville  Ad 
vocate,"  which  he  printed  and  edited  for 
four  years;  he  then  studied  law,  and  after 
being  admitted  to  practice,  he  was  elected 
in  1846  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  his  Dis 
trict,  and  re-elected;  in  1851  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Illinois  Legisla 
ture  ;  in  1856  he  was  again  elected  Prose 
cuting  Attorney;  and  in  1858  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Illinois,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 


Committee  on  Public  Expenditures.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
but  served  as  a  Colonel  of  Volunteers  in 
1861,  resigning  his  commission  in  1862. 

Foivler,  John. — He  was  a  soldier  in 
the  war  of  the  Revolution;  attained  the 
rank  of  Captain ;  and  was  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1797  to 
1807.  He  died  at  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
August  22,  1840,  aged  eighty-five  years. 

Fowler,  Joseph  SmitJi.—  He  was 

born  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  August  31, 
1822 ;  graduated  at  Franklin  College  in 
1843,  in  which  Institution  he  was  a  Pro 
fessor  of  Mathematics  for  four  years ;  he 
commenced  the  study  of  law  in  Kentucky, 
but  removing  to  Tennessee,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  that  State,  which  has  since 
been  his  home.  When  the  Rebellion  broke 
out,  he  warmly  espoused  the  Union  cause ; 
in  September,  1861,  he  left  the  State  un 
der  the  forty  days'  proclamation  of  Jef 
ferson  Davis,  and  resided  in  Springfield, 
Illinois,  until  April,  1862 ;  and  on  his  re 
turn  he  was  Comptroller  of  Tennessee 
under  Governor  Johnson,  and  took  a  lead 
ing  part  in  organizing  the  Union  party 
and  reorganizing  the  State  government. 
In  1865  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  Tennessee  for  six  years,  but 
was  not  admitted  to  his  seat  until  July, 
1866.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1866 ; 
and  the  Committees  upon  which  he  was 
placed  in  the  Senate  were  those  on  Manu 
factures,  Territories,  Foreign  Affairs, 
Pensions,  and  as  Chairman  of  that  on 
Engrossed  Bills. 

Fowler,  Orin.  —  He  was  born  in 
Connecticut  in  1795 ;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1815;  studied  divinity,  but 
turned  his  attention  to  politics ;  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  Massachusetts  in 
1848 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1849  to  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  Washington  City,  Sep 
tember  3,  1852.  He  was  at  one  time 
settled  over  a  church  in  Plainfleld,  Con 
necticut. 

Fowler,  Samuel.  —  Born  in  New 
Jersey  in  1779 ;  was  a  distinguished  mem 
ber  of  the  medical  profession,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jer 
sey,  from  1833  to  1837.  Died  in  Sussex 
County,  New  Jersey,  February  21,  1844. 

Fox,  John. — He  was  born  in  the  City 
of  New  York  in  1835 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  was  bred  to  a  mechani 
cal  employment ;  was  elected  an  Alderman 
in  the  City  Councils ;  also  held  the  office 
of  Supervisor,  and  in  1866  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads, 
and  Invalid  Pensions. 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    RECORDS. 


145 


FrancJiot,  Richard* — Was  born  in 
Morris,  Otsego  County,  New  York,  in 
181G;  received  an  English  education; 
served  as  a  Ci\'il  Engineer  for  seven  years ; 
subsequently  turned  his  attention  to  fann 
ing;  was  President  of  the  Albany  and 
Susquehanna  Railroad  Company;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia  and  the  Pacific  Railroad. 

Francis,  John  U.— He  was  born  in 
Rhode  Island,  and  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1844  to  1845, 
having  been  Governor  of  Rhode  Island 
from  1833  to  1838.  He  was  also  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature. 
Died  in  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  August 
9,  1864. 

Frank,  Augustus.— lie  was  born  in 
Warsaw,  Wyoming  County,  New  York, 
July  17,  182G;  early  became  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits,  to  which  he  was 
devoted  for  many  years.  In  1858  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Patents ; 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Library 
and  on  Mileage ;  and  for  a  third  term  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
when  he  was  made  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  Library,  serving  also  on  the 
Committee  on  Mileage,  and  the  Select 
Committee  on  the  Bankrupt  Law.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  "  of  1867. 

Franklin-t    Benjamin.  —  Born   in 

Boston,  January  17,  1706;  after  various 
vicissitudes,  when  seventeen  years  of  age 
he  went  to  Philadelphia,  and  acquired  the 
trade  of  a  printer;  with  the  help  of  Gov 
ernor  Sir  William  Keith  he  visited  Eng 
land,  where  he  remained  nearly  two  years ; 
on  his  return  he  became  a  Clerk,  and  then 
engaged  in  business  on  his  own  account ; 
in  1732  he  commenced  the  publication  of 
"  Poor  Richard's  Almanac,"  which  he  con 
tinued  until  1737 ;  after  that  he  established 
a  newspaper,  and  held  the  various  offices 
of  State  Printer,  Clerk  of  the  General 
Assembly,  and  Postmaster  of  Philadelphia. 
He  was  the  father  and  patron  of  the  Phil 
osophical  Society,  and  of  the  Pennsylvania 
University  and  Hospital;  in  1741  he  pub 
lished  the  "General  Magazine,"  and  in 
1744  he  was  elected  to  the  Provincial  As 
sembly,  holding  the  office  ten  years.  In 
1758  he  concluded  a  treaty  with  the  In 
dians  at  Carlisle,  and  in  the  following 
j'ear  was  sent  to  Albany,  N.  Y.,  to  meet  a 
congress  of  commissioners  to  arrange 
means  of  defence  against  the  French  and 
Indians.  He  subsequently  became  Post 
master-General  of  America ;  was  sent  to 
England  as  an  advocate  and  agent  for  the 
province  on  two  occasions;  remaining 
10 


there  eleven  years ;  on  the  breaking  out 
of  the  Revolution  he  returned  to  America, 
and  took  an  active  and  important  part  iu 
public  affairs;  was  a  signer  of  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence,  a  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1775  and  1776 ;  in 
1778  he  was  sent  to  France  in  a  diplomatic 
capacity,  where  he  remained  until  1785; 
he  was  next  elected  Governor  of  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  Federal  Con 
stitution,  and  signed  that  instrument; 
and  he  died  April  17,  1790.  The  qualities 
of  his  mind  were  remarkably  various,  but 
he  perhaps  stood  pre-eminent  as  a  philos 
opher  and  benefactor  of  mankind.  He 
made  important  discoveries  in  electricity; 
wrote  and  published  much  on  a  variety  of 
themes,  and  his  Life.  Writings,  and  Cor 
respondence,  issued  in  ten  volumes,  are 
an  important  feature  in  all  the  best  libra 
ries  of  the  country. 

Franklin,  Jesse.— He  was  born  in 
Surry  County,  North  Carolina;  served 
with  credit  iu  the  Revolutionary  war,  as  a 
Major;  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Delegates  of  that  State  in  1794 ;  repre 
sented  that  State  in  Congress  from  1795 
to  1797,  and  then  returned  to  the  Legisla 
ture.  From  1799  to  1805,  and  from  1807 
to  1813,  he  was  United  States  Senator, 
officiating  in  the  Eighth  Congress  as  Pres 
ident  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate;  and,  having 
been  superseded  by  F.  Locke,  in  1816,  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Madison,  a 
Commissioner  to  treat  with  the  Chicka- 
saws,  and  was  elected  Governor  of  North 
Carolina  in  1820.  He  died  in  Surry 
County,  in  1823,  aged  sixty-five  years. 

Franklin.  John  JR,— He  was  born 
in  Worcester  County,  Maryland,  May  6, 
1820;  graduated  at  Jefferson  College, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1836;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841;  serv'ed 
in  the  State  Legislature  of  Maryland  in 
1843,  and  also  in  1849,  when  he  was  elect 
ed  Speaker;  in  1851  he  was  chosen  Presi 
dent  of  the  Board  of  Public  Works  of  the 
State ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maryland,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Franklin,  Meshack.—A.  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
from  1807  to  1815.  He  served  in  the  House 
of  Commons  of  that  State  in  1800,  and  in 
the  State  Senate  in  1828  and  1829.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  Executive 
Council  of  North  Carolina,  and  a  Delegate 
to  the  Convention  for  revising  the  State 
Constitution.  He  died  in  Surry  County > 
December  18,  1839. 

Freedley,  JoJin.—lle  was  born  (ac 
cording  to  an  interesting  wo/rk  published, 
by  E.  T.  Freedley,  Esq.)  in  Norristown^ 
Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  May 
22,  17J3.  He  commenced  life,  as  a  brLck- 
makcr :  studied,  law.  and  was  admitted,  ta 


146 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


the  bar  in  1820;  he  entered  extensively 
into  various  kinds  of  business,  especially 
that  of  quarrying  marble,  and  was  suc 
cessful;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1847  to 
1851.  He  died  December  8,  1851. 

Freeman,  John  Z>.— He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey,  and,  having  removed  to  Mis 
sissippi,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Freeman ,  Jonathan. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1797  to  1801.  From 
1789  to  1797  he  was  a  State  Councillor; 
from  1793  to  1808  one  of  the  Overseers  of 
Dartmouth  College;  and  died  in  1808, 
aged  sixty-three  years. 

Freeman,  Nathaniel.— He  was  born 
at  Dennis,  Massachusetts,  in  April,  1741, 
and  died  September  27,  1820.  He  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  University;  studied  med 
icine  ;  and  was  a  patriot  in  the  Revolution 
ary  war;  performed  various  services  in 
the  Legislature  and  as  a  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  of  Militia;  he  was  also  "a  Judge  of 
Probate  for  forty-seven  years,  and  a  Judge 
of  the  Common  Pleas  for  thirty  years ;  he 
was  twice  married,  and  had  twenty  chil 
dren  ;  and  was  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1795  to  1799. 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick. — Born 
in  New  Jersey,  April  13,  1753;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1770.  When 
twenty-two  years  of  age  he  was  sent  to 
the  Continental  Congress ;  and  as  Captain 
of  a  Volunteer  Corps  of  Artillery,  he  was 
at  the  battles  of  Trenton  and  Monmouth, 
and  it  is  said  that  it  was  he  who  killed 
Rhalle,  the  Hessian  commander  at  Tren 
ton.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress  from 
1793  to  1796,  when  he  resigned  on  account 
of  domestic  bereavements.  He  stood 
among  the  first  at  the  bar  of  New  Jersey, 
and  held  various  State  and  County  offices. 
He  died  April  13,  1804. 

Frelinghuysen,   Frederick   T. — 

He  was  born  at  Millstown,  Somerset 
County,  New  Jersey,  August  4,  1817,  and 
is  the  nephew  and  adopted  sou  of  The 
odore  Frelinghuysen;  graduated  at  Rut 
gers  College  in  1836 ;  studied  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1839 ;  was  appointed 
Attorney-General  of  New  Jersey  in  1861, 
and  reappointed  in  1866;  and  was  sub- 
.  seguently  appointed  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Jersey,  for  the  unexpired 
terras!  of  William  Wright,  deceased,  serv 
ing  .on  the  Committees  on  the  Judiciary 
iiuti  '.Pensions.  In  January,  1867,  his  ap 
pointment  as  Senator  was  confirmed  by 
the  election  of  the  Legislature,  and  his 
term  will  terminate  in  1869.  The  Com 
mittees  upon  which  he  served  were  those 


on  Naval  Affairs,  the  Judiciary,  and 
Claims. 

Frelinghuysen,    Theodore.  —  He 

was  born  in  Millstown.  Somerset  County, 
New  Jersey,  March  28,  1787,  and  was  the 
son  of  Frederick,  of  the  Continental  Con 
gress;  graduated  at  Princeton  College, 
Nassau  Hall,  in  1804;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1808;  was 
Attorney-General  of  New  Jersey  from 
1818  to  1829;  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1829 ;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
New  Jersey,  from  1829  to  1835.  He  was 
Chancellor  of  the  University  of  New 
York  from  1839  to  1850,  when  he  resign 
ed;  and  while  in  that  position  was  the 
candidate  of  the  Whig  party  for  Vice- 
President  upon  the  ticket  with  Henry 
Clay.  In  1850  he  was  elected  President 
of  Rutgers  College,  where  he  officiated 
until  his  death,  devoting  much  of  his  time 
and  means  to  the  benevolent  and  educa 
tional  interests  of  his  native  State,  of 
New  York,  and  of  the  Union.  He  resided 
for  many  years  at  Newark,  New  Jersey, 
and  was  Mayor  of  that  city  in  1837  and 
1838.  He  also  served  as  President  of  the 
American  Temperance  Union,  of  the 
American  Tract  Society,  the  Board  of 
Foreign  Missions,  and  of  the  American 
Bible  Society,  during  his  residence  in 
New  York.  In  the  church,  he  was  for 
many  years  recognized  as  a  great  leader 
in  all  the  moral  movements  of  the  coun 
try,  and  was  universally  beloved.  He  had 
a  rare  command  of  thought  and  language, 
and  was  considered  an  eloquent  speaker. 
Died  at  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey, 
April  12,  1862. 

Fremont,  John  Charles.  —  Born 
in  Savannah,  Georgia,  January  21,  1813. 
His  father  was  an  emigrant  from  France. 
He  received  a  good  education,  though  left 
an  orphan  at  four  years  of  age ;  and  at  the 
age  of  seventeen  he  graduated  at  Charles 
ton  College.  From  teaching  mathematics 
he  turned  his  attention  to  civil  engineer 
ing,  and  was  recommended  to  the 
government  for  employment  in  the  Mis 
sissippi  survey.  He  was  afterwards  em 
ployed  at  Washington  in  constructing 
maps  of  that  region.  Having  received 
the  commission  of  a  Lieutenant  of  Engi 
neers,  he  proposed  to  the  Secretary  of 
War  to  penetrate  the  Rocky  Mountains. 
His  plan  was  approved,  and  in  1842,  with 
a  few  men,  he  explored  the  South  Pass. 
Impatient  of  quiet,  he  planned  a  new  ex 
pedition  to  the  Territory  of  Oregon.  He 
approached  the  Rocky  Mountains  by  a 
new  line,  scaled  the  summits  south  of  the 
South  Pass,  deflected  to  the  Great  Salt 
Lake,  and  connected  his  survey  with  that 
of  Wilkes's  Exploring  Expedition.  Ho 
.also  performed  another  expedition,  in 
wMch  he  revealed  the  grand  features  of 
Alta  California,  its  great  basin,  the  Sierra 
Nevada,  the  valleys  of  the  San  Joaquiu 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


147 


and  Sacramento,  and  established  the  geog 
raphy  of  the  western  portion  of  the  conti 
nent.  In  August,  1844,  he  was  planning 
a  third  expedition,  while  writing  the  his 
tory  of  the  second,  and  before  its  publica 
tion,  in  1845,  was  again  on  his  way  to  the 
Pacific,  collecting  his  mountain  comrades, 
to  examine  in  detail  the  Asiatic  slope  of 
the  continent,  which  resulted  in  giving  a 
new  volume  of  science  to  the  world,  ami 
California  to  the  United  States.  After  the 
conquest  of  California,  in  which  he  bore 
a  part,  he  was  the  victim  of  a  quarrel  be 
tween  two  American  commanders,  and 
was  stripped  of  his  commission  by  court- 
martial.  The  President  reinstated  him,  but 
he  declined  returning.  He  determined 
to  retrieve  his  honor.  One  line  more 
would  complete  his  survey,  the  route  for 
a  great  road  from  the  Mississippi  to  San 
Francisco.  Again  he  appeared  in  the  far 
west.  He  refitted  his  expedition,  and 
started  again;  pierced  the  country  of 
the  Apaches;  met,  awed,  or  defeat 
ed  savage  tribes ;  and  in  a  hundred  days 
from  Santa  Fe  stood  on  the  banks 
of  the  Sacramento.  The  people  of  Cali 
fornia  reversed  the  judgment  of  the  court- 
martial,  and  he  was  made  the  first  Senator 
of  the  Golden  State,  serving  from  1849  to 
1851.  He  was  subsequently,  in  1856,  a 
candidate  for  President,  in  opposition  to 
Mr.  Buchanan,  and  though  he  received  a 
large  vote,  was  defeated.  In  1861  he 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  Major- 
General  ;  and  by  the  "  Cleveland  Conven 
tion  "  of  1864  was  again  nominated  for  the 
office  of  President  of  the  United  States 
and  again  defeated. 

French,  Ezra  JR.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Maine,  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Manufactures.  He  was  also 
a  member  of  the  Peace  Congress  of  1861. 
By  President  Lincoln  he  was  appointed 
Second  Auditor  of  the  Treasury. 

French,  Richard.— He  was  a  native 
of  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837,  from  1843  to  1845,  and  again  from 
1847  to  1849. 

Frey,  Joseph*  — He  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvauia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to 
1831. 

FricJc,  Henry.— Horn  in  Northum 
berland  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1795; 
was  educated  as  a  printer ;  became  an  ed 
itor  of  a  newspaper  at  Milton ;  served  for 
three  sessions  in  the  State  Legislature; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  occurred  at  Washington 
City,  March  1,  1844. 

Fries,   George*  — He  was  born   in 


Pennsylvania,  and,  having  removed  to 
Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847,  and  for  a  second  term  ending  iu 
1849.  Died  November  13,  1866. 

Froinentin,  Eligius.—A.  Senator 
of  the  United  States,  from  Louisiana, 
from  1813  to  1819.  In  1821  he  was  Judge 
of  the  Criminal  Court  of  New  Orleans, 
and  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Western 
District  of  Florida.  He  shortly  resigned 
his  office  and  returned  to  the  practice  of 
law,  at  New  Orleans,  where  he  died,  of 
the  yellow  fever,  October  6,  1822. 

Frost,  George. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1777  to  1779. 

Frost,  Joel. — He  was  born  in  New 
York;  served  in  the  State  Assembly  in 
1806  and  1808,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1823 
to  1825. 

'Fry,  Jacob,  Jr. — He  was  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1835  to  1839.  He  was  at  one  time 
Auditor-General  of  the  State,  and  died  at 
Norristown,  Pennsylvania,  November  28, 
1866. 

Fuller,  George. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  aud  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843 
to  1845. 

Fuller,  Henry  M.—  He  was  born  In 
Bethany,  Wayne  County,  Pennsylvania, 
January  3,  1820;  graduated  at  Nassau 
Hall,  Princeton,  in  1839 ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  J842;  in  1848 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Penn 
sylvania;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,,  from  1851  to 
1853,  and  from  1855  to,  1857,  Died  in 
Philadelphia,  December  26,  I860. 

Fuller,  Fh/ila  C>— -He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York,  Assembly  in  1830 ;  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1833  to  J837;  the  Second 
Postmaster-General  from  1841  to  1843; 
Comptroller  of  New  York  in  1851 ;  and 
died  at  Geneva,  August  16,  1855. 

Fuller*  Thomas  J.  &.—  He  was  born 
in  Hardwick,  Caledonia  County,  Vermont, 
March  17,  1808;  was  left  an  orphan  when 
seven  years  -of  age ;  spent  his  boyhood 
and  youth  upon  a  farm;  on  attaining man^ 
hood,  studied  and  adopted  the  profession 
of  law,  having  been  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  183$  j  and,  removing  to  Maine,  was 
elected  State  Attorney  for  his  county 
for  three  years;  was  elected  a  Repre^ 
tentative,  from  Maine,  to,  the  Thirty- 
first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  and 


148 


B10GEAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


Thirty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  as  an 
active  member  of  the  Committee  on  Com 
merce.  In  1857  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Buchanan,  second  Auditor  of 
the  Treasury,  which  office  he  held  until 
1861. 

Fuller ',  Timothy. — He  was  born  at 
Chilinark,  Martha's  Vineyard,  Massachu 
setts,  July  11,  1778,  and  graduated  at  Har 
vard  University  in  1801 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  Senate  from  1813  to 
1817;  Speaker  of  the  lower  house  in  1825; 
again  a  State  Representative  in  1831;  a 
State  Councillor  in  1831;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1817  to  1825;  and  died  at 
Groton,  Massachusetts,  October  1,  1835, 
aged  fifty-seven  years.  He  was  the  father 
of  the  distinguished  authoress,  Sarah  Mar 
garet  Fuller. 

Fuller,  William  K..—  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Assembly  of  New  York  in  1829 
and  1830 ;  at  one  time  Adjutant-General  of 
the  State  Militia;  and  from  1833  to  1837  a 
Representative  in  Congress. 

Fullerton,  David.— Born  in  1771; 
•was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania;  and 
represented  that  State  in  Congress  from 
1819  to  1820,  when  he  resigned.  He  died 
at  Greencastle,  Pennsylvania,  February  1, 
1813. 

Fulton,  Andrew  S.—  He  was  born 
In  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849. 

Fulton,  John  JET. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1833  to  1835,  and  died  at  Abiogtou,  Janu 
ary  28, 1836. 

Fulton,  William  S.—  He  was  born 
in  Cecil  County,  Maryland,  June  2,  1795 ; 
graduated  at  Baltimore  College  in  1813, 
and  commenced  the  study  of  law  with 
William  Pinckney ;  but  before  coming  of 
age  he  served  with  great  credit  in  a  volun 
teer  company,  Avhich  was  assigned  to  the 
defence  of  Fort  McHenry.  He  was  Aid  to 
Colonel  Arrnistead,  taking  charge  of  his 
company  during  the  illness  of  that  com 
mander,  and  returned  with  them  to  the 
City  of  Baltimore.  After  peace  was  re 
stored  in  1815,  hp  removed  to  Tennessee 
•with  hjs  father's  family,  and  resumed  the 
study  of  Jaw  with  Felix  Grundy.  In  1818 
he  volunteered  with  the  Nashville  Guards, 
and  WAS  Private  .Secretary  to  General 
Jackson  during  the  Florida  campaign.  He 
settled  in  Alabama  for  the  practice  of  law, 
and  was  appointed  by  President  Jackson, 
in  1829,  Secretary  of  the  Territory  of  Ar 
kansas,  and,  in  1835,  Governor  of  the  same, 
which  office  he  held  until  the  Territory  was 
admitted  into  the  Union  as  a  JSt.ate,  when 


he  was  elected  a  Senator,  from  Arkansas, 
from  1836 to  1844.  He  died  at  Rosewood, 
near  Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  August  15, 
1844. 

Gadsden,    Christopher.— lie  was 

born  in  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in 
1724 ;  and  was  a  Delegate  from  that  State 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1774  to 
1776;  having  previously  been  elected  to 
the  New  York  Congress  of  1765,  to  peti 
tion  against  the  Stamp  Act.  During  the 
siege  of  Charleston,  in  1780,  he  was  taken 
prisoner  and  confined  for  some  months  at 
St.  Augustine.  A  parole  was  offered  him, 
but  he  declined  to  accept;  and,  on  his  re 
lease  by  exchange,  he  was  elected  Gov 
ernor  of  the  State,  but  declined  to  serve 
on  account  of  his  age.  He  died  August 
28, 1805.  His  grandson,  bearing  the  same 
name,  was  the  third  Episcopal  Bishop  of 
South  Carolina. 

Gage,  Joshua.  — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1817  to  1819,  having  been  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  from  1805  to 
1808,  in  1813,  1814,  1820,  and  1821;  and 
was  a  State  Councillor  in  1822  and  1823. 

GaUlard,  John. — A  Senator  of  the 
United  States,  from  South  Carolina,  from 
1804  to  1826.  He  voted  for  the  war  of 
1812,  and  was  repeatedly  called  to  preside 
over  the  Senate  in  the  absence  of  the  Vice- 
President.  He  died  at  Washington,  Feb 
ruary  26,  1826. 

Gaines,  John  P. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1849; 
and  was  subsequently  appointed  Governor 
of  Oregon  Territory. 

Gaither,  Nathan.— He  was  born  in 
Kentucky ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to  1833. 
He  died  at  Columbia,  Adair  County,  Ken 
tucky,  in  1862,  aged  seventy-seven  years. 

Galbraith,  John.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania;  was  bred  a  lawyer;  served 
several  terms  in  the  Legislature  of  Penn 
sylvania;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1837,  and  again  from  1839  to  1841.  Died 
at  Erie,  June  15,  1860,  while  holding  the 
office  of  United  States  President  Judge  for 
the  Sixth  District  of  Pennsylvania. 

Gale,  George.— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1789  to  1791,  and  was  one  of  those  who 
voted  to  locate  the  Seat  of  Government  on 
the  Potomac. 

Gale,  Levin. — He  was  born  in  Mary 
land,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to  1829. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


149 


Gallatin,  Albert. — Born  at  Geneva, 
January  29,  1761 ;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  his  native  city,  in  1779,  and 
during  the  next  year  emigrated  to  Ameri 
ca,  lie  commenced  his  career  in  Maine, 
then  a  part  of  Massachusetts,  having  been 
placed  in  command  of  a  small  fort  at  Ma- 
chias,  and  while  there  he  furnished  funds 
of  his  own  to  American  troops,  and  acted 
as  a  volunteer  also.  He  was  appointed  a 
tutor  at  Harvard  University  in  1782,  and 
removed  to  Pennsylvania  in  1783,  where 
he  acted  a  prominent  part  in  the  State 
Convention  of  1789,  and  served  in  the 
lower  branch  of  the  Legislature  in  1790 
and  1791.  He  also  spent  several  years  in 
Virginia,  and  in  that  State  took  the  oath  of 
allegiance.  In  1793  he  was  elected  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress  from  Pennsylvania,  but 
his  seat  w:is  vacated,  in  1794,  by  a  resolu 
tion  of  the-  Senate,  on  the  ground  of  want 
of  citizenship  for  a  sufficient  length  of 
time ;  and  soon  after,  without  his  knowl 
edge,  he  was  elected  a  [Representative  in 
Congress  from  Pennsylvania,  serving 
from  1795  to  1801.  He  was,  in  the  latter 
year,  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
under  President  Jefferson,  and,  as  an  ex 
ecutive  councillor,  and  subsequently  di 
plomatist  and  statesman,  he  obtained  a 
very  high  reputation.  In  1813  he  went 
to  St.  Petersburg  as  one  of  the  Envoys 
Extraordinary,  to  negotiate  with  Great 
Britain,  under  the  mediation  of  Russia, 
and  during  the  following  year,  Avith  Ad 
ams,  Bayard,  Clay,  and  Russell,  signed  the 
Treaty  of  Ghent.  He  assisted  also  in  con 
cluding  the  Commercial  Convention  with 
England,  at  London,  in  1815,  and  resided 
at  Paris,  as  Minister  of  the  United  States, 
from  1816  to  1823.  In  1827  he  obtained 
full  indemnification  from  England,  for 
injuries  sustained  by  our  citizens,  for  vio 
lating  the  Treaty  of  Ghent.  President 
Madison  offered  him  a  seat  in  his  cabinet, 
as  Secretary  of  State ;  President  Monroe 
offered  him  the  post  of  Secretary  of  the 
Navy;  and  he  was  also  nominated  for 
Vice-President ;  all  which  honors  he  de 
clined.  In  1828  he  became  a  citizen  of 
New  York,  and  took  an  active  part  in  pro 
moting  the  literary  and  commercial  inter 
ests  of  the  Empire  City,  and  of  the  Union 
at  large.  In  1831  he  was  a  member  of  the 
"Free  Trade  Convention,"  and  drew  up 
the  memorial  to  Congress,  which  embodies 
the  views  of  the  Democratic  party;  he 
was  President  of  the  National  Bank  of 
New  York,  and  also  of  the  New  York  His 
torical  Society,  and  the  Ethnological  So 
ciety,  and  advocated  the  establishment  of 
the  New  York  University ;  and,  just  before 
his  death,  became  identified  with  the 
Smithsonian  Institution.  He  was  a  fine 
scholar,  and  published  many  papers  on  the 
currency  and  finance,  on  Indian  languages, 
and  other  important  subjects.  He  died  at 
Astoria,  Long  Island,  August  12,  1849. 

Gallegos,  Jose  Manuel.— He  was 


born  in  New  Mexico,  and  was  a  Delegate, 
from  that  Territory,  to  the  Thirty-third 
and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses. 

Galloway,  Joseph. — He  was  born 
in  1730;  was  a  member  of  the  Assembly 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1764,  officiating  as 
Speaker;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1774  and  1775,  and  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence ; 
but  subsequently  deserted  the  American 
cause  and  joined  the  British  in  New  York. 
In  1779  he  was  examined  before  the  House 
of  Commons,  and  his  testimony  was  not 
creditable  to  the  British  commander  in 
America.  Died  in  England  in  1803.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  number  of  political 
pamphlets  bearing  upon  the  conduct  and 
the  consequences  of  the  war,  which  were 
published  in  London  and  attracted  much 
attention. 

Galloway,  Samuel. — He  Avas  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and,  having  removed  to 
Ohio,  Avas  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Gallup ,  Albert. — He  \vas  at  one  time 
Sheriff  of  Albany  County,  NCAV  York ;  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1837  to  1841,  and  was  appointed 
by  President  Polk  Collector  of  Albany.  He 
died  at  Providence,  in  November,  1851. 

Gamble,  James. — He  Avas  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  Avas  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 

1855. 

Gamble,  Roger  L. — Was  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  Con 
gress,  from  Georgia,  from  1833  to  1835, 
and  from  1841  to  1843;  and  afterwards 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  that  State. 
He  died  December  20,  1847. 

Gannett,  Barzilla.—lie  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1785 ;  served  four 
years  in  the  State  Legislature ;  and  Avas  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1809  to  1811. 

Gansevoort,  Leonard. — He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  in  1787  and  1788. 

Ganson,  John. — He  was  born  in  Le 
Roy,  Genesee  County,  NCAV  York,  January 
1,  1818;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1839 ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  Avas 
a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1862 ; 
and  Avas  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Elections. 
He  Avas  also  a  Delegate  to  the  ''Chicago 
Convention"  of  18G4. 

Gar  denier,  Barent.—lle  Avas  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1807  to  1811. 


150 


BIOGRAPHICAL   EECOEDS. 


Gardner,  Francis.  —  He  was  born 
in  Lcominstcr,  Massachusetts,  December 
27,  1771;  graduated  at  Harvard  College; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  Hampshire,  from  1807  to  1809 ;  and 
died  at  Roxbury,  Massachusetts,  Juiie  25, 
1835. 

Gardner,  Gideon.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1809  to  1811. 

Gardner,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  in  1784  and  1785. 

Garfield,  James  A.—  He  was  born 
in  Orange,  Cuyauoga  County,  Ohio,  No 
vember  19,  1831 ;  graduated  at  Williams 
College,  Massachusetts,  in  1856,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  in  1859 
and  I860  he  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio 
Senate ;  in  1861  he  entered  the  army  as 
Colonel  of  the  Forty-second  Eegiment  of 
Volunteers;  was  appointed  a  Brigadier- 
General  in  1862,  the  clay  that  he  fought  in 
the  battle  of  Middle  Creek,  Kentucky.  He 
subsequently  served  at  Shiloh,  Corinth, 
and  in  Alabama,  and  early  in  1863  he  was 
appointed  Chief  of  Staff  to  General  Ilose- 
crans,  Avith  whom  he  served  up  to  the  bat 
tle  of  Chickamauga.  In  1862  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  Be 
fore  taking  his  seat  in  Congress  he  was 
appointed  a  Major-General  of  Volunteers 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Georgia,  from 
September  19,  1863."  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Ways  and  Means,  that  on 
the  Postal  Railroad  to  New  York,  and  as 
Chairman  of  that  on  a  Bureau  of  Educa 
tion  ;  and  also  as  Regent  of  the  Smithso 
nian  Institution.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866,  and  of  the  "  Soldiers'  Con 
vention"  held  in  Pittsburg;  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  old  committees. 

Garland,  David  S.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1809  to  1811.  Died  in  October,  1841. 

Garland,  James. — He  was  a  native 
of  Virginia,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Garland,  Rice.  —  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Louisiana,  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1834  to 
1840,  having  resigned  to  become  Judge  of 
the  Superior  Court  of  Louisiana. 

Garnettf  James  M.—  Born  at  Elm- 
wood,  in  Essex  County,  Virginia,  June  8, 
1770.  He  served  for  several  years  as  a 


member  of  the  Legislature  of  his  native 
State,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Virginia,  from  1805  to  1809. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Convention  as 
sembled  at  Richmond  in  1829  to  revise  the 
Constitution  of  Virginia.  He  was  inter 
ested  in  the  cause  of  education,  and  de 
voted  to  the  pursuits  of  agriculture,  hav 
ing  presided  over  the  Agricultural  Society 
of  Fredericksburg  for  more  than  twenty 
years,  and  toiled  laboriously  for  the  for 
mation  of  a  National  Agricultural  Society. 
He  died  at  Elmwood,  May,  1843,  aged  six 
ty-two  years. 

Garnettf  Muscoe  It.  JET.— He  was 
born  in  Essex  County,  Virginia;  was  edu 
cated  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  and 
studied  law  as  a  profession;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Constitutional  Convention 
of  the  State  in  1850;  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Delegates  in  1853  and  1854, 1855 
and  1856,  and  during  the  latter  session 
was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Fi 
nance.  He  was  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  as  a  Representative,  from  Vir 
ginia,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Claims,  and  also  elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Democratic  Conventions  at  Balti 
more  and  Cincinnati,  in  1852  and  1856. 
Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Garnett,  Robert  S. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Essex  County,  Virginia,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1817  to  1827. 

Garnsey,  Daniel  G. — He  was  born 
in  Saratoga  County,  New  York,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1825  to  1830. 

Garrison,  Daniel. — He  was  born  in 
Salem  County,  New  Jersey,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1823  to  1827. 

Garroiv,   Nathaniel.  — lie  was    a 

Representative   in  Congress,   from  New 
York,  from  1827  to  1829. 

Gartlin,  Alfred.— He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  that  State;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,, from  North  Carolina, 
from  1823  to  1825. 

Gartrell,  Lucius  J.—  Born  in  Wilkes 
County,  Georgia,  January  7,  1821;  edu 
cated  at  Randolph  Macon  College,  Vir 
ginia,  and  Franklin  College,  Athens, 
Georgia :  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
and  in  1843  was  elected,  by  the  General 
Assembly  of  Georgia,  Solicitor-General 
of  the  Northern  Judicial  Circuit.  He  re 
signed  in  1847,  on  being  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Legislature,  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1849 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
for  the  State  of  Georgia  in  1856 ;  and  in 


JSIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


151 


1857  was  elected  a  Representative  iu  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  Georgia.  He 
was  one  of  the  Regents  of  the  Smithsonian 
Institution,  and  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Expenditures  in  the  Treasury  De 
partment;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Elections.  Withdrew  in  1861,  and  retired 
to  Georgia. 

Garvin,  William  S.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Gaston,  William.  —  Born  in  New 
born,  North  Carolina,  September  ID,  1778. 
His  early  education  was  conducted  by  his 
mother ;  advanced  at  the  Catholic  College 
of  Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia;  and 
he  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1796. 
He  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice  in  1798.  He  served  a  number  of  years 
in  the  State  Legislature,  one  term  as 
Speaker;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from  1813 
to  1817.  In  1834  he  was  appointed  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court,  and  in  1835  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Convention  to  amend 
the  Constitution.  He  continued  on  the 
bench  until  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  January  23,  1844.  He  was  an 
able  and  successful  lawyer,  and  an  upright 
judge,  had  a  taste  for  polite  literature,  and 
is  remembered  iu  North  Carolina  as  one 
of  its  most  distinguished  citizens.  He 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1808,  and 
later  in  life  received  from  Princeton  the 
degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws,  and  the  same 
honor  from  four  other  institutions  of 
learning. 

Gates,  Seth  Merrill.— He  was  born 
in  Winfield,  Herkimer  County,  New  York, 
October  16,  1800 ;  was  self-educated ;  stud 
ied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1827 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature 
in  1832,  declining  a  re-election;  in  1838  he 
purchased  and  became  editor  of  the  "Le 
Roy  Gazette ;"  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  New  York,  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  and  was  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress.  In  his  paper  and  in 
Congress  he  advocated  the  right  of  peti 
tion,  and  on  account  of  his  hostility  to 
slavery  a  reward  of  five  hundred  dollars 
was  offered  by  a  Southern  planter  for  his 
person.  At  the  close  of  the  Twenty-sev 
enth  Congress  he  drew  up  a  protest  against 
the  annexation  of  Texas,  which  was  signed 
by  twenty-two  Representatives, — John 
Quincy  Adams  heading  the  list  of  names. 
In  1848  he  was  the  Free-soil  candidate  for 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  New  York;  and 
he  has  been  a  resident  of  the  "  Old  Gene- 
see  "  District  for  fifty-eight  years. 

Gayarre,  Charles  E.  A.—  Born  in 

Louisiana,  January  3,  1805;  educated  at 
the  College  of  New  Orleans ;  in  1826  he 
went  to  Philadelphia  and  studied  law ;  was 


admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  returned 
home ;  in  1830  he  was  elected  to  the  Legis 
lature  ;  in  1831  was  appointed  Deputy  At 
torney-General;  in  1833  Presiding  Judge 
of  the  City  Court  of  New  Orleans ;  and  in 
1835  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
but  ill  health  prevented  him  from  taking 
his  seat.  He  went  to  Europe,  where  he 
spent  a  number  of  yeai's,  and  on  his  re 
turn,  in  1843,  was  again  returned  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  and  in  1846  he  was  ap 
pointed  Secretary  of  State,  in  which  ca 
pacity  he  served  seven  years.  As  an  author 
he  has  cicquired  a  high  position,  his  lead 
ing  works  being  as  follows :  "  History  of 
Louisiana,"  "  Romance  of  the  History  of 
Louisiana,"  "  Spanish  Domination  in  Lou 
isiana,"  a  dramatic  novel  called  "  The 
School  of  Politics,"  and  a  work  on  "  The 
Influence  of  the  Mechanic  Arts." 

Gayle,  John. — Born  in  Sumter  Dis 
trict,  South  Carolina,  September  11, 1792; 
educated  at  South  Carolina  College;  and 
emigrated  to  Alabama  in  1813.  "in  1817 
he  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Terri 
torial  Legislature;  was  Solicitor  of  the 
First  Judicial  District  on  the  organiza 
tion  of  the  State  Government;  and  in 
1823  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  State.  In  1829  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  Speaker 
of  the  House.  In  1831  was  elected  Gov 
ernor,  and  re-elected  in  1833.  He  was 
Presidential  Elector  in  1836  and  in  18tO, 
and  in  1847  was  elected,  from  Mobile 
County,  a  Representative  in  Congress. 
In  1849  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the 
United  States  District  Court  of  "Alabama, 
and  died  near  Mobile,  July  21,  1859. 

Gaylord,  James  M. — He  was  born 
in  Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  iu  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Gazley,  James  IF.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1823  to  1825. 

Gebhard,  John. — He  was,  born  in 
Claverack,  New  York,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 

from  1821  to  1823. 

^ 

Geddes,  James. — Born  near  Car 
lisle,  Pennsylvania,  July  22,  1763;  ob 
tained  a  limited  education  while  working 
upon  a  farm;  removing  to  New  York,  he 
organized,  iu  1794,  a  company  for  the 
manufacture  of  salt  at  Onoudaga;  in  1800 
was  elected  a  magistrate ;  in  1804  and  in 
1821  he  was  in  the  State  Legislature;  in 
1809  an  Associate  County  Justice ;  in  1812 
Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas ;  and  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1813  to  1815.  In  1822  he  was 
appointed  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Ohio  Ca 
nal  ;  and  in  1827  assisted  in  locating  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal,  as  well  as 


152 


E10GEAPIIICAL    KECOEDS. 


the  Pennsylvania  Canal.    He  died  August 
19,  1838. 

Gentry,  Meredith  P. — He  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  in  1811;  studied  law 
and  settled  in  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion  in  Tennessee ;  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  the  State  in  1835  and  1837 ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1843,  from 
1845  to  1847,  and  from  1847  to  1853.  He 
took  part  in  the  Rebellion  as  a  member  of 
the  "  Confederate  Congress,"  and  died 
November  3,  18G6.  He  was  quite  dis 
tinguished  as  an  orator. 

German,  Obadiah.—Re  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1809  to  1815,"  and  died  September  24, 1842. 

Gerry,  Elbridge. — Born  at  Marble- 
head,  Massachusetts,  July,  1744,  and  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  College,  in  1762.  He 
devoted  himself  for  several  years  to  com 
mercial  pursuits;  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  in  1773,  and  was  appointed  on 
the  Committee  on  Correspondence.  From 
1776  to  1785  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  and  signed  the  Declara 
tion  of  Independence;  also  the  Articles  of 
Confederation.  While  in  Congress  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Committee  of  Public 
Safety  and  Supplies,  and  when  the  Com- 
inittco  were  in  session  at  Menotomy  he, 
with  Colonel  Orne,  escaped  from  the  Brit 
ish  troops  at  night  by  lieeing  to  a  corn 
field,  while  the  house  was  searched  for 
them.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States,  but  declined  subscribing  to 
it.  Was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1793. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  the  Federal 
Congress  from  1789  to  1793,  and  in  1797, 
lie  was  appointed  Minister  to  France.  In 
1804  he  was  one  of  the  Presidential  Elec 
tors,  and  was  Governor  of  Massachusetts 
in  1810  and  1811.  In  1813  he  was  inaugu 
rated  Vice-President  of  the  United  States, 
and  filled  the  office  until  his  death,  which 
took  place  at  Washington,  November  23, 
1814. 

Gerry,  Elbridge.—Rmn  in  Water- 
ford,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  December  6, 
1815;  received  a  good  academical  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1839 ;  in  1840  was  Clerk  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  of  Maine ;  in  1842  was 
appointed  State's  Attorney  for  Oxford 
County,  and  re-elected  by  the  people  dur 
ing  the  following  year;  in  1846  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature ;  and  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Maine,  from  1849  to  1851.  Of  late  years 
he  has  resided  in  Portland,  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession.  The  signer  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence,  bearing 
the  same  name,  was  his  grandfather. 

Gerry,    James.— He    was    born  in 


Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1839 
to  1843. 

Gervais,  John  L. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1782  to  1783. 

Getz,  JT.  Lawrence.— Re  was  born 
in  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  September  14, 
1821 ;  his  father  was  an  officer  in  the  navy, 
and  fought  under  Captain  Lawrence  in 
1812;  he  received  an  academical  education 
in  Reading  and  in  Nottingham,  Maryland ; 
read  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1846 ;  and, 
having  turned  his  attention  to  the  news 
paper  business,  he  was  for  twenty  years 
the  editor  of  the  Reading  "Gazette  and 
Democrat;  " in  1856  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  re-elected  in  1857  and 
made  Speaker  of  the  House,  and  in  1866 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Mileage, 
Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Bounties,  and  Pub 
lic  Expenditures. 

Geyer,  Henry  S.—  He  was  born  in 
Frederick  County,  Maryland,  in  1798,  and 
early  in  life  removed  to  Missouri.  He  saw 
some  service  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
was  Captain  of  the  first  Militia  company 
formed  in  the  State  of  his  adoption.  He 
adopted  the  profession  of  law.  and  be 
came  eminent  as  a  practitioner.  He  took 
an  active  part  in  politics,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  which  formed  a 
State  Constitution,  and  he  was  an  active 
member  of  the  first  two  sessions  of  the 
State  Legislature,  and  was  chosen  Speak 
er  during  his  second  term.  He  succeeded 
Mr.  Benton  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
where  he  served  from  1851  to  1857;  and 
while  in  Washington  officiated  as  Attor 
ney  in  the  Dred  Scott  case.  He  was  a 
man  of  ability,  of  pleasing  manners,  and 
of  high  character.  He  died  at  St.  .Louis, 
March  5,  1859. 

Gholson,  James  If.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1820;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1833  to 
1835,  and  died  at  Brunswick,  Virginia, 
July  2,  1848,  aged  fifty  years. 

GJiolson,  S.  J. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi,  from 
1837  to  1838. 

Gholson,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1808  to  1816. 

Gibbons,  William.— He  was  a  Del 
egate,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1784  to  1786. 

Giddings,  Joshua,  TL.  —  Born  at 
Athens,  Bradford  County,  Pennsylvania, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    ItECORDS. 


153 


October  6,  1795 ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profes 
sion  ;  practised  in  Ohio ;  was  elected  to 
the  Ohio  Legislature  in  1826 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1838  to  1859.  He  was  for  many 
years  recognized  as  one  of  the  leaders  of 
the  Anti-slavery  party,  and  was  the  au 
thor  of  a  book  on  Florida,  and  also  of  a 
"  History  of  the  Great  Rebellion."  In 
1861  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lin 
coln  Consul-General  of  British  North 
America;  and  died  at  Montreal,  suddenly, 
May  27,  1864. 

Gilbert,  Edward. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  California, 
from  1850  to  1851. 

Gilbert,  Ezekiel. — He  was  born  in 
1755,  in  Middletown,  Connecticut;  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1778 ;  and  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1793  to  1797.  He  suffered  for  thir 
ty  years  from  a  stroke  of  paralysis,  and 
died  at  Hudson,  New  York,  in  July,  1842. 

Gilbert,  Sylvester.— Horn  in  1756, 
at  Hebron,  Connecticut;  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1775;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice,  in  1777,  at 
Hebron.  In  1780  he  was  a  member  of  the 
General  Assembly,  being  the  youngest 
member  in  the  House.  In  1788  he  was 
appointed  State's  Attorney  for  Toland 
County,  and  filled  that  office  twenty-one 
years.  In  1807  he  was  appointed  Chief 
Judge  of  the  County  Court,  and  Judge  of 
Probate,  which  offices  he  held  until  1825, 
with  the  exception  of  his  term  as  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 
in  1818  and  1819 ;  and  in  18 10  he  was  a  teach 
er  of  a  law  school,  which  he  continued  about 
seven  years,  during  which  time  fifty-six 
students  were  prepared  for  the  bar  under 
his  tuition.  In  1826  he  was  again  elected 
to  the  Legislature,  and  was  then  the  oldest 
member  in  the  House ;  to  which  body  he 
had,  from  the  year  1780,  been  re-elected 
thirty  times.  He  died  in  January,  1846. 

Gilbert,  William,  A.—  He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and,  removing  to  New 
York,  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Giles,  John. — Born  in  Rowan  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  about  the  }rear  1788; 
graduated  at  Chapel  Hill  University  in 
1808 ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  en 
gaged  in  the  practice  for  more  that  thirty 
years.  In  1829  he  was  eU-cted  a  member 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  Con 
gress,  from  North  Carolina,  but  resigned, 
before  taking  his  seat,  on  account  of  ill 
health.  In  1835  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  which  met  to  revise  the  State 
Constitution.  He  died  March  2,  1846,  in 
Stanley  County,  North  Carolina,  where 
his  professional  duties  required  his  at 
tendance  before  the  Circuit  Court. 


Giles,  William  Branch. — Born  in 
Amelia  County,  Virginia,  August  12, 1762; 
graduated  at  Princeton  1781;  studied  law, 
but  abandoned  the  profession  after  prac 
tising  about  six  years.  In  1801  and  1805 
he  was  a  Presidential  Elector.  From  1826 
to  1829  he  was  Governor  of  his  native 
State ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1790  to  1798,  and  again  from  1801  to 
1802;  and  United  States  Senator  from 
1804  to  1816;  and  was  subsequently  a 
member  of  the  Legislature.  A  few  months 
after  his  first  appointment  to  the  Senate 
he  was  superseded  by  A.  Moore,  but  im 
mediately  re-appointed  for  the  longer 
term.  He  published  a  Speech  on  the  Em 
bargo  Laws  in  1808,  and,  in  1813,  Political 
Letters  to  the  People  of  Virginia,  and 
subsequently  an  invective  letter  against 
President  Monroe  and  others,  of  a  politi 
cal  character,  to  John  Marshall  and  John 
Quincy  Adams.  He  died  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia,  December  4,  1830. 

Giles,  William-  E.—fle  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  Avas  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847.  He  was  subsequently  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Maryland. 

Gillespie,  James. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Provincial  Congress  of  North 
Carolina,  and  a  Representative  in  the 
United  States  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1793  to  1799,  and  from  1803  to  1805. 
Died  January  10,  1805. 

Gillet,  Ransom  IT.— Was  born  in 
New  Lebanon,  Columbia  County,  New 
York,  January  27, 1800.  His  early  employ 
ment  was  farming  on  his  father's  farm,  in 
Saratoga  County,  in  the  summer,  and  lum 
bering  in  the  pine  forest  during  the  win 
ter.  In  1819  he  removed  to  St.  Lawrence 
County,  where  he  was  employed  to  teach 
school  during  the  winter,  while  he  at 
tended  the  St.  Lawrence  Academy  during 
the  summer.  In  1821  he  engaged  in  the 
study  of  law  with  Silas  Wright,  at  Cau- 
ton,  still  continuing  to  teach  for  his  sup 
port.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  set 
tled  in  Ogdensburg,  where  he  continued, 
devoted  to  his  profession,  for  about  twenty 
years.  In  1827  he  was  appointed  Brigade 
Major  and  Inspector  of  Militia;  February 
27,  1830,  he  was  appoined  Postmaster  of 
Ogdensburg,  which  office  he  filled  three 
years ;  in  1832  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Baltimore  Convention,  which  nominated 
General  Jackson  for  President;  was  elect 
ed  the  same  year  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  ;  re-elected  in  1834,  and  served  as  ar 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce ; 
in  1837  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Van  Buren,  a  Commissioner  to  treat  with 
the  Indian  tribes  in  New  York,  and  con 
tinued  in  that  service  until  1839;  in  1840 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Baltimore  Con 
vention  which  re-nominated  Mr.  Van  Bu 
ren;  he  then  engaged  in  practising  law; 


154 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECORDS. 


and  continued  to  do  so  until  1845,  when 
President  Folk  appointed  him  Register  of 
the  Treasury,  in  which  office  he  served 
until  1847,  when  he  was  appointed  Solici 
tor  of  the  Treasury,  in  which  place  he 
continued  to  serve  until  the  autumn  of 
1849;  he  then  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  New  York ;  in  1855  he  became  As 
sistant  to  the  Attorney-General  of  the 
United  States,  and  continued  in  that  office 
Until  he  resigned,  in  1858,  and  President 
Buchanan  appointed  him  Solicitor  of  the 
Court  of  Claims,  which  he  held  until  1861. 

Gilette,  Francis. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Connecticut,  during  the 
session  of  1854  and  1855,  for  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  Truman  Smith,  resigned. 

Gillis,  J~ames  L. — Born  at  Hebron, 
Washington  County,  New  York,  October 
2,  1792.  He  received  a  common-school 
education ;  served  an  apprenticeship  to  the 
currying  and  tanner's  trade;  during  the 
campaigns  of  1812  and  1813,  served  as  a 
volunteer  from  New  York ;  in  1814  he  was 
commissioned  a  Lieutenant  by  the  Gover 
nor  of  New  York,  and  having  been  taken 
prisoner  by  the  British,  was  transported 
to  Halifax,  where  he  remained  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  he  subsequently  re 
turned  to  Ontario  County,  and  established 
himself  as  a  farmer;  in  1823  he  removed 
to  Pennsylvania ;  in  1840  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature  of  that  State ;  in  1842  was 
appointed  one  of  the  Judges  of  Jefferson 
County;  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in 
1845;  re-elected  to  the  Lower  House  in 
1851 ;  and  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Agri 
culture. 

Gillon,  Alexander. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Car 
olina,  from  1793  to  1794,  having  died  dur 
ing  the  latter  year. 

Oilman,  Charles  J. — He  was  born 
in  New  Hampshire;  served  in  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State  in  1854 ;  and,  having 
removed  to  Maine,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
from  that  State,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims. 

Gilman,  John  Taylor.  —  Born  in 
1754,  and  died  in  1828.  He  was  a  volun 
teer  in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  a  Dele 
gate  from  New  Hampshire,  in  1780,  to  the 
Hartford  Convention ;  a  Delegate  to  the 
*  Continental  Congress  in  1782  and  1783, 
in  the  latter  year  succeeding  his  father  as 
Treasurer  of  New  Hampshire.  This  office 
he  resigned  to  become  a  Commissioner  to 
settle  certain  accounts  for  the  States,  but 
was  re-elected  in  1791.  He  was  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire  from  1794  to  1805,  and 
again  from  1813  to  1815,  when  he  declined 
a  re-election. 


Gilman,  Nicholas.— lie  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  Hampshire,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1786  to  1788 ;  a 
member  of  the  Convention  that  framed  the 
Constitution,  and  singed  that  instrument ; 
after  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1789  to  1797 ;  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from 
1805  to  1814.  He  died  at  Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania,  May  2,  1814,  aged  fifty-two 
years. 

Gilmer,  George  It. — He  was  born 
in  Wilkes  County  (now  Oglethorpe), 
Georgia,  April  11,  1790.-  He  received  an 
academical  education,  but  did  not  enter 
college,  on  account  of  ill  health.  He 
studied  law,  and  settled  in  Lexington, 
Oglethorpe  County,  Georgia.  In  1813,  as 
First  Lieutenant  of  the  Forty-third  Regi 
ment,  United  States  Army,  he  participated 
in  the  Creek  War,  and  in  1818  entered  up 
on  the  practice  of  his  profession.  He  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1818, 
1819,  and  1824;  Avas  Governor  of  the 
State  for  the  terms  commencing  in  1829 
and  1837,  and  daring  the  latter  term  re 
moved  the  Cherokee  Indians  from  Geor 
gia.  He  was  President  of  the  Board  of 
Presidential  Electors  in  1836 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1821  to  1823,  from  1827  to  1829,  and 
from  1833  to  1835.  He  was  also  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1836  and  1840,  and  for 
thirty  years  performed  the  duties  of  Trus- 
tree  of  the  Georgia  College.  He  was  the 
author  of  a  book,  published  in  1855,  enti 
tled  "Georgians,"  which  contains  much 
useful  and  interesting  information  touch 
ing  the  early  settlement  of  his  native 
State.  Died  at  Lexington,  Georgia,  No 
vember  15,  1859. 

Gilmer,  John  A.—  Born  in  Gilford 
County,  North  Carolina,  November  4, 
1805 ;  acquired  a  good  English  education 
at  winter  schools,  working  on  a  farm  and 
in  the  shop  during  the  summers ;  then 
taught  a  school,  and  thus  obtained  the 
means  to  enter  the  academy  at  Greens- 
borough  for  three  years,  and  became  a 
good  linguist  and  mathematician,  and 
taught  for  three  years  in  a  grammar 
school ;  afterwards  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832.  Was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  from  1846  to  1856, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Elections.  In 
1856  he  was  the  Whig  candidate  for  Gov 
ernor  of  North  Carolina,  but  was  defeat 
ed.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  and  made  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Elections ;  withdrew  in 
1861.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "  National  Union  Convention  "  of 
1866.  Died  in  Greensborough,Mayl4, 1868. 

Gilmer,  Thomas  IF.— He  was  a  na- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


155 


tive  of  Virginia;  received  a  limited  edu 
cation  ;  studied  law  and  while  practising 
the  profession  edited  a  newspaper ;  served 
frequently  in  the  Legislature,  and  was 
Speaker  of  the  House ;  and  he  held  many 
positions  of  high  character,  having  been 
Governor  of  the  State  in  1840,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1841  to 
1843,  from  Virginia.  He  was  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  under  President  Tyler.  He 
was  killed  by  the  accident  on  board  the 
United  States  steamer  Princeton,  Febru 
ary  28,  1844. 

Gilmore,  Alfred.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Eepresentative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849 
to  1853. 

Gilmore,  John.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1829  to  1833.  Died  May  18,  1845. 

Gist,  Joseph. —  Born  in  Union  District, 
South  Carolina,  in  1775;  educated  at  the 
Charleston  College ;  studied  law  and  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1799;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1809;  served  in  the 
Legislature  of  his  native  State  for  eighteen 
years ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  South  Carolina,  from  1821  to  1827 ; 
served  as  a  Trustee  of  the  State  College ; 
and  died  May  8,  1835. 

Glascock,    Thomas.  —  He   was   a 

soldier  and  statesman  of  Georgia;  served 
at  the  siege  of  Savannah,  under  Count 
Pulaski,  as  Lieutenant,  and  exhibited  great 
skill  and  bravery;  he  was  appointed  Colo 
nel  of  the  troops  ordered  out  by  the 
Legislature,  in  defence  of. the  State  against 
the  Indians,  on  the  western  frontier;  and 
was  afterwards  elected  General  of  Militia. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Georgia,  from  1836  to  1839,  and 
highly  respected  for  his  talents  and  char 
acter.  He  died  at  Decatur,  Georgia,  May 
9,  1841. 

Glasgow,  Hugh.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1813  to  1817. 

Glenn,  Henry.— lie  took  an  active 
part  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  was  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  in  Con 
gress,  from  1793  to  1801.  He  died  at 
Schenectady,  in  1814,  aged  seventy-three 
years. 

Gloninger,  Jo7in.—He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  in  the  Twelfth  Congress ; 
but  resigned  before  the  expiration  of  his 
term,  and  E.  Crouch  was  elected  in  his 
place. 

Glossbrenner,  Adam  «7.—  Born  in 
Hagerstown,  Maryland,  August  31,  1810; 
apprenticed  at  at  early  age  to  the  printing 


business,  which  was  his  school;  when 
seventeen  years  of  age  he  travelled  in  the 
West  and  became  foreman  in  the  office  of 
the  "  Ohio  Monitor,"  and  afterwards  of  the 
"  Western  Telegraph ;"  in  1829  he  returned 
to  Maryland  and  then  to  Pennsylvania 
and  settled  at  York,  where  he  published 
the  "York  Gazette,"  and  there  held  various 
offices  of  trust  and  responsibility.  In 
1849  he  was  elected  Sergeant-at-Arms  of 
the  national  House  of  Representatives 
for  the  Thirty-flrst  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  same  office  by  the  four  fol 
lowing  Congresses ;  in  1861  he  was  Pri 
vate  Secretary  to  President  Buchanan ;  in 
1863  he  became  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  "Philadelphia  Age ;"  and  in  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Pennsylva 
nia  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Public  Lands,  and 
Engrossed  Bills.  He  was  also  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Expenditures  in  the 
Navy  Department,  and  Executive  Mansion. 

Goddard,  Calvin. — Born  in  Shrews 
bury,  Massachusetts,  July  17,  1768;  and 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  in  1786.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Norwich,  Connecti 
cut,  in  1790,  and  settled  in  Plainfleld, 
from  which  place  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Legislature  for  nine  ses 
sions,  during  three  of  which  he  was 
Speaker  of  the  House.  He  removed  to 
Norwich  in  1807.  From  1801  to  1805  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress ;  and 
from  1808  to  1815  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Council;  in  1813  a  Presidential 
Elector;  in  1814  a  Delegate  to  the  Hart 
ford  Convention;  and  from  1815  to  1818 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court.  He  was 
State's  Attorney  for  the  County  of  New 
London  for  five  years,  and  Mayor  of  Nor 
wich  for  seventeen  years.  He  died  at 
Norwich,  May  2,  1842. 

Goggin,  William  L.—  Born  in  Bed 
ford  County,  Virginia,  May  31,  1807 ;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  studied 
law  in  Winchester,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1828,  and  practised  in  several 
of  the  Circuit  and  District  Courts  of  the 
State.  In  1836  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature,  and  in  1837  declined  a  re 
election.  In  1839  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1841, 1843,  and  1847, 
being  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Post 
Offices  and  Post  Roads  during  his  last 
term.  He  was  afterwards  appointed  one 
of  the.Visitors  to  West  Point,  under  the 
administration  of  President  Fillmore ;  and 
since  that  time  he  has  pursued  his  pro 
fession,  in  connection  with  agricultural 
pursuits.  In  1859  he  was  nominated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  Governor  of  Vir 
ginia. 

Gold,  Thomas  12.— He  was  a  native 
of  New  York ;  graduated  at  Yale  College 


156 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


in  1786;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
from  1797  to  1802 ;  a  member  of  the  As 
sembly  in  1808 ;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1809  to 
1813,  and  again  from  1815  to  1817.  He 
died  in  1826. 

Goldsbor ougJi,  Charles   IF.  —  He 

was  Governor  of  the  State  of  Maryland, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1805  to  1817.  He  died  at  Shoal  Creek, 
Maryland,  December  13,  1834. 

Goldsborough,  Robert.— Re  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1774  to  1775.  At 
the  time  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ 
ence  was  signed,  he  was  at  home  on  a 
sick  bed,  and  soon  afterwards  died,  at  his 
residence  in  Maryland.  He  was  by  pro 
fession  a  physician. 

Golladay,  Jacob  S.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenses  in  tae  War  Depart 
ment. 

Gooch,  Daniel  W.— Born  in  Wells, 
State  of  Maine,  in  January,  1820.  He 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  in  1843;  studied 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1846 ;  com 
menced  the  practice  of  his  profession  in 
Boston ;  was  elected  in  1852  to  the  Legis 
lature  of  Massachusetts;  in  1853  to  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  the  State; 
and  subsequently  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  for  an  unexpired  term.  He  was 
also  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Territories;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Special 
Committee  on  the  Conduct  of  the  War; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Private  Land  Claims,  and  Foreign  Affairs. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
but  in  1865  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson  Navy  Agent  for  the  port  of  Boston. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Goode,  Patrick  G.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1837  to 
1843. 

Goode,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1799  to  1801. 


Goode,  William  O. — He  was  born 
at  Inglewood,  Mecklenburg  County,  Vir 
ginia,  September  16,  1798;  was  educated 
at  the  College  of  William  and  Mary; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  the  practice 
in  1821 ;  he  was,  early  in  life,  elected  for 
several  terms  a  member  of  the  State  Leg 
islature.  He  was  a  member  in  1829  of 


the  State  Reform  Convention  of  Virginia ; 
in  1832  he  was  again  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  took  an  active  part  in 
the  debates  on  slavery  of  that  year;  he 
was  re-elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1838 ; 
and  he  was  first  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  in  1841,  serv 
ing  until  1843.  He  was  subsequently 
again  elected  to  the  Legislature,  and  was 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Delegates  for 
several  sessions;  he  was  also  a  member 
of  the  State  Reform  Convention  of  1850, 
and  was  chosen  Chairman  of  the  Legisla 
tive  Committee ;  and  he  was  a  member  of 
the  House  of  Delegates,  called  to  put  the 
New  Constitution  into  operation,  and 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Finance. 
In  1853  he  was  again  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  and 
was  regularly  re-elected  until  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  in  which  he  served  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia.  Died  near  Boydtowu, 
Virginia,  July  3,  1859. 

Goodenotv,  J~ohn  M.—lle  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1829  to  1831.  Died  in  1838,  aged  56 
years. 

Goodenoiv,  Robert.— Re  was  born 
in  Farmington,  New  Hampshire,  in  1800; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821 ;  was  County 
Attorney  from  1828  to  1834,  and  in  1841 ; 
and,  having  taken  up  his  residence  in 
Maine,  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853.  In 
1857  he  was  appointed  Bank  Commissioner 
for  the  State. 

Goodenoiv,  Rufus  K.  —  Born  in 
Ilemriker,  New  Hampshire,  April  24, 1790, 
but  removed  with  his  father  to  Brownfield, 
Maine,  where  he  was  educated  in  a  coun 
try  school.  He  was  a  farmer  and  for  many 
years  a  common  sailor.  He  entered  the 
army  in  1812  as  Captain  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Regiment  of  United  States  Infantry, 
and  served  in  that  capacity  until  1815. 
Upon  the  organization  of  a  State  Govern 
ment  he  was  appointed  Clerk  of  the  Courts 
for  Oxford  County,  and  removed  to  Paris, 
and  held  this  office  sixteen  years.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature;  a 
Presidential  elector  in  1840;  and  repre 
sented  his  district  in  the  Thirty-first  Con 
gress.  Died  at  Paris  March  24,  1863. 

Goodhue,    Benjamin,.— "Born     at 

Salem,  Massachusetts,  October  1,  1748; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University,  in  1766 ; 
and  received  literary  honors  from  Yale 
College  in  1804.  Early  in  life  he  engaged 
in  commercial  pursuits.  He  was  a  Whig 
during  the  Revolution;  represented  his 
native  county  in  the  State  Senate  from 
1784  to  1789,  when  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  Congress  under  the  new  Con 
stitution,  and,  assisted  by  Mr.  Fitzsiramons, 
of  Philadelphia,  formed  our  code  of  reve- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    BECOttDS. 


157 


nue  laws,  the  majority  of  which  have 
never  been  abrogated.  In  1796  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  of  the  United  States,  and 
became  distinguished  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Commerce ;  but  in  1800  he 
resigned  his  seat  and  retired  from  public 
life.  He  died  at  Salem,  July  28,  1814. 

Goodrich,  Chauncey. — Born  at 
Durham,  Connecticut,  October  20,  1759; 
graduated  at  Yale  College,  in  1776,  with 
a  high  reputation  for  genius  and  acquire 
ments.  After  spending  several  years  as 
tutor  in  that  institution  he  established 
himself  as  a  lawyer  at  Hartford  in  1781, 
and  soon  attained  to  eminence  in  the  pro 
fession.  He  was  a  Representative  in  the 
Legislature  in  1793,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1795  to  1801.  From  1802 
to  1807  was  a  Councillor  of  the  State ;  and 
he  was  elected  United  States  Senator  from 
1807  to  1813.  He  received  the  office  of 
Mayor  of  Hartford  in  1812,  and  resigned  his 
seat  in  Congress.  He  was  elected  Lieu- 
tenant-Governor  of  the  State  in  1813,  and 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Hartford  Con 
vention  in  1814.  He  died  at  Hartford, 
August  18,  1815. 

Goodrich,  Eli&ur.—'H.e  was  one  of 
the  very  few  survivors  among  the  men  who 
figured  in  public  life  under  the  administra 
tions  of  Washington  and  the  elder  Adams. 
He  belonged  to  the  Washington  school  of 
Federalists,  and  his  removal  from  the 
office  of  Collector  of  Customs,  at  New 
Haven,  immediately  on  the  accession  of 
Jetferson  to  the  Presidency,  gave  occasion 
to  the  famous  letter,  in  which  Jefferson 
avowed  his  principle  of  removal  for  polit 
ical  opinions.  Besides  being  honored  with 
various  offices  of  trust  and  responsibility, 
he  was  for  some  time  Professor  of  Law  in 
Yale  College,  and  for  many  years  the  effi 
cient  Mayor  of  New  Haven.  He  was  twice 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  and  was  a 
Judge  of  the  County  and  Probate  Courts 
for  fifteen  years,  and  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1797.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1799 
to  1801.  Died  in  New  Haven,  November 
1, 1849. 

Goodrich,  John  Z.—He  was  born  in 
Sheffield,  Massachusetts,  September  27, 
1801 ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  but 
turned  his  attention  to  manufacturing; 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1848  and 
1849 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1841 ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1851  to  1855,  from  his  native  State. 
In  1861  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  Collector,  of  Boston,  and  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "Peace  Congress  "  of  1861. 

Goodwin,  Henry  C. — Born  in  De 
Ruyter,  Madison  County,  New  York,  June 
25, 1824 ;  received  an  academic  education, 
and  studied  law,  having  been  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1846.  In  1847  he  was  elected 


District  Attorney  of  Madison  County,  ancl 
held  the  office  three  years.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  second 
session  of  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  ancl 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 
Died  at  Hamilton,  Madison  County,  New 
York,  November  12,  1860. 

Goodwin,  John  N.  —  Was  born  in 
South  Berwick,  Maine ;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1844 ;  studied  law,  and 
commenced  practice  in  South  Berwick; 
was  elected  in  1854  to  the  Senate  of 
Maine ;  and  in  1860  a  Representative,  from 
Maine,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Militia 
and  Invalid  Pensions.  He  was  subse 
quently  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln, 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Territory  of  Arizona, 
and  also  Governor;  and  he  was  elected  a 
Delegate,  from  Arizona, to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress. 

Goodwin,    Peterson. — He    was    a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1803  to  1818.  Died  in  Novem 
ber  of  that  year. 

Goodyear,  Charles.— Born  in  Co- 
bleshill,  Schoharie  County,  New  York, 
April  26,  1805 ;  graduated  at  Union  Col 
lege  in  1824 ;  studied  law,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1827;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly  in  1839 ;  in  1841  was  ap 
pointed  First  Judge  of  Schoharie  County; 
was  a  Representative,  from  New  York,  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  discontinued 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  1852,  and 
turned  his  attention  to  the  business  of 
private  banking  in  Schoharie  and  the  City 
of  New  York;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  for  a 
second  term,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress.  During  his  first  term  in  Congress 
he  served  on  the  Committee  on  Invalid 
Pensions,  and  during  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  on  the  Committees  on  Private 
Land  Claims,  Revolutionary  Pensions, 
and  on  a  Bureau  of  Education.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Na 
tional  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Gordon,  James.— He  was  a  member 
for  seven  years  of  the  State  Senate  of 
New  York,  twelve  years  in  the  State  As 
sembly,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1791  to  1795. 

Gordon,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
New  York;  served  in  the  State  Assembly 
in  1834,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to  1843, 
and  again  from  1845  to  1847.  In  1863  he 
was  appointed  Provost-Marshal  for  the 
Nineteenth  District  of  New  York. 

Gordon,  William.— lie  was  a  grad 
uate  of  Harvard  College  in  1779;  was 
Attorney-General  for  the  State  of  New 


158 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOBDS. 


Hampshire ;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  from  1797  to  1800, 
when  he  resigned ;  and  died  in  Boston,  in 
May,  1802,  aged  thirty-nine  years. 

Gordon,    William   F.— He  was   a 

native  of  Virginia,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1829 
to  1835.  He  is  said  to  have  been  the  orig 
inator  of  the  Sub-Treasury  System.  Died 
in  Albemarle  County,  July  2,  1858. 

Gore,  Christopher. — Born  in  Bos 
ton,  Massachusetts,  in  1758;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  177G;  Governor  of 
Massachusetts  under  the  Constitution  of 
1780.  He  settled  in  Boston  as  a  lawyer, 
and,  in  1789,  was  appointed  District 
Attorney  for  the  District  of  Massachu 
setts,  under  the  new  Constitution  of  the 
United  States.  In  1796  he  was  appoint 
ed  a  Commissioner  under  the  fourth  arti 
cle  of  Jay's  Treaty.  This  appointment 
obliged  him  to  go  to  London,  where  he 
remained  eight  years,  during  the  last  of 
which  he  was  left  Charg6  d'Aff'aires.  He 
was  again  chosen  Governor  in  1809,  but 
only  served  one  term.  In  1813  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator  of  the  United  States,  in 
which  capacity  he  served  until  1816,  when, 
after  serving  as  a  Presidential  Elector  dur 
ing  that  year,  he  retired  to  private  life. 
He  died  March  1,  1827,  aged  sixty-eight. 
Having  no  children,  Mr.  Gore  left  valuable 
bequests  to  the  American  Academy  and 
the  Historical  Society,  of  which  he  was  a 
member;  and  he  made  Harvard  College, 
of  which  institution  he  had  been  a  Fellow 
and  Trustee,  his  residuary  legatee.  He 
was  for  a  time  the  legal  tutor  and  adviser 
of  Daniel  Webster. 

Gorham,  Benjamin.— He  was  born 
in  Cluirlestowh,  Massachusetts,  February 
13,  1775,  and  died  in  Boston,  September 
27,  1855.  He  graduated  at  Cambridge  in 
1795,  studied  law  with  Theophilus  Par 
sons,  of  Nevvburyport,  and  rose  to  emi 
nence  at  the  bar  of  Boston.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  the  Suf 
folk  District,  from  1820  to  1823,  from  1827 
to  1831,  and  from  1833  to  1835.  He  was 
afterwards,  for  a  short  time,  member  of 
the  State  Legislature,  but  spent  the  clos 
ing  years  of  his  life  in  retirement. 

Gorham,  Nathaniel.— He  was  born 
in  Charlestown,  Massachusetts,  in  1738; 
was  a  Delegate,  from  that  State,  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1782  and  1783,  and 
from  1785  to  1787,  serving  a  part  of  the 
time  as  President  of  that  body;  frequently 
served  in  the  State  Legislatui-e ;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Convention  called  to 
frame  the  Federal  Constitution,  and  signed 
that  instrument;  and  he  died  June  11, 
179G. 

Gorman,  Willis  A.—  He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and,  having  removed  to  Indi 


ana,  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1853; 
and  was  Governor  of  the  Territory  of 
Minnesota  from  1853  to  1857. 

Gott,  Daniel. — He  was  born  in  Con 
necticut,  and,  on  removing  to  New  York, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1847  to  1851. 

Gould,  Herman  D. — He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and,  having  taken  up  his 
residence  in  New  York,  wras  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1849  to  1851.  Died  in  Delhi, 
New  York,  in  1852. 

Gourdin,    Theodore.— He   was    a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1813  to  1815.  Died  Jan 
uary  17,  1826. 

Govan,  A.  JR. — He  was  born  in 
Orangeburg,  South  Carolina,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1822  to  1827,  having  first 
been  elected  for  the  unexpired  term  of 
James  Overstreet. 

Graham,  James.—  Born  in  Lincoln 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  January,  1793. 
He  graduated  at  the  University  of  that 
State  in  1814;  studied  law,  and  practised 
with  success  for  many  years ;  served  four 
years  in  the  State  Legislature;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1833  to  1843,  and  from  1845 
to  1847.  He  spent  the  close  of  his  life 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits,  and  died 
September  25,  1851. 

Graham,  James  H.  — He  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Accounts. 

Graham,  William.—  He  was  bora 
in  1783 ;  received  a  limited  education ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Convention  which 
framed  the  State  Constitution  of  Indiana ; 
served  many  years  in  both  branches  of 
the  State  Legislature,  and  was  Speaker  in 
1820;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Indiana,  from  1837  to  1839. 
Died  near  Valonia,  Indiana,  in  1857. 

Graham,    William   A.  — He   was 

born  in  North  Carolina,  September  5, 
1804,  and  was  the  son  of  General  Joseph 
Graham,  of  the  Revolution.  He  was  edu 
cated  at  Chapel  Hill  University,  where  he 
graduated  in  1824 ;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  at  Newbern;  served  in  the 
State  Legislature  from  1833  to  1836,  and 
also  in  1839  and  1840;  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from  1841 
to  1843;  in  1844  he  was  elected  Governor 
of  the  State,  and  re-elected  in  184(5 ;  he 
was  Secretary  of  the  Navy  under  Presi 
dent  Fillmore;  and  subsequently  was 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


159 


nominated  for  the  office  of  Vice-President 
on  the  ticket  with  Winfleld  8cott.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Na 
tional  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Granger,  Amos  P. — He  was  born 
in  Suftiekl,  Hartford  County,  Connecticut, 
in  June,  1789;  received  a  common-school 
education.  In  1811  he  removed  to  Man- 
lius,  New  York,  and  was  for  a  time  Presi 
dent  of  that  corporation ;  served  as  a 
Captain  of  Militia  at  Sackett's  Harbor  in 
1812,  and  subsequently  became  a  General 
of  Militia;  in  1820  he  removed  to  Syra 
cuse,  and  for  many  years  devoted  himself 
to  agricultural  and  mercantile  pursuits. 
He  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  chiefly  on  the 
Committee  on  Territories.  In  early  life 
he  became  zealously  attached  to  the 
Episcopal  Church,  and  by  his  liberality 
and  knowledge  of  ecclesiastical  history 
did  much  for  the  prosperity  of  the  church 
in  his  section  of  the  country.  He  was  a 
cousin  of  Francis  Granger.  Died  in  Syra 
cuse,  New  York,  August  20,  1866. 

Granger,    Bradley   F.  —  He  was 

born  in  New  York,  and  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Michigan,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Granger,  Francis. — He  was  born 
in  Suffield,  Hartford  County,  Connecticut, 
in  1787;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1811;  and,  on  removing  to  New  York, 
was  for  five  years,  from  1826,  a  member 
of  the  General  Assembly  of  that  State. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1835  to  1837,  and 
again  from  1839  to  1841,  when  he  resigned, 
to  receive  from  President  Harrison  the 
appointment  of  Postmaster-General.  Since 
that  time  he  has  lived  in  retirement. 

Grant,  Abraham  P.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1839. 

Grantland,  Seaton.—Tte  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  near  Milledgeville,  in  Georgia,  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1835  to  1839.  He 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Gravely,  Joseph  J.— He  was  born  in 
Henry  County,  Virginia,  in  1828 ;  received 
a  common-school  education,  and  spent  his 
youth  chiefly  on  a  farm.  In  1853  and  1854 
he  was  elected  to  the  Virginia  Legislature ; 
during  the  latter  year  he  removed  to  Mis 
souri  ;  was  elected  to  the  Convention  of  that 
State  in  1860 ;  in  1862  he  was  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  the  State,  and  re-elected  in 
1864 ;  had  command  during  a  part  of  the 
Rebellion  as  Colonel  of  the  Eighth  Regi 


ment  of  Missouri  Cavalry.  After  the  close 
of  the  war  he  turned  his  attention  to  the 
practice  of  law,  and  in  1866  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Missouri 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Militia,  and  Education 
and  Labor. 

Graves,  William  «7. — He  represent 
ed  the  State  of  Kentucky  in  Congress 
from  1835  to  1841.  In  1838  he  engaged  in 
a  duel  with  Jonathan  Cilley,  in  which  the 
latter  was  killed.  Died  at  Louisville,  Sep 
tember  27,  1848,  aged  forty-three  years. 

Gray,  Edivard.—TLe  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1799  to  1813. 

Gray,  Hiram.—  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1837  to  1839,  and  in  1867  received  from 
Union  College  the  degree  of  LL.D. 

Gray,  John  C. — He  was  born  in 
Southampton  County,  Virginia,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1820  to  1821,  for  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  James  Johnson. 

Grayson,  William.— Was  a  native 
of  Virginia,  and  a  member  of  the  Conti 
nental  Congress.  In  1788  was  a  member 
of  the  Convention  of  Virginia  which  as 
sembled  to  consider  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States,  and  made  himself  con 
spicuous  both  by  his  talents  and  his  union 
with  Henry  in  opposing  the  adoption  of 
the  Constitution.  From  1789  to  1790  he 
was  a  Senator  of  the  United  States,  and 
died  at  Dumfries,  while  on  his  way  to  the 
Seat  of  Government,  March  12,  1790. 

Grayson,  William  J~. — He  was  born 
in  Beaufort,  South  Carolina,  in  1788 ;  grad 
uated  at  the  South  Carolina  College  in 
1809 ;  was  bred  to  the  legal  profession ; 
was  a  Commissioner  in  Equity  of  South 
Carolina  for  many  years ;  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1813;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1833  to  1837 ; 
and  by  President  Taylor  he  was  appointed 
Collector  of  the  Customs  of  Charleston, 
holding  the  office  until  1853.  He  subse 
quently  devoted  himself  to  planting.  He 
published  "The  Hireling  and  the  Slave," 
"  Chicora,  and  other  Poems,"  and  was  the 
author  of  a  "Life  of  J.  L.  Petigru."  Died  in. 
Newbern,  October  4,  1863. 

Greeley,  Horace. — Was  born  at  Am- 
herst,  in  New  Hampshire,  February  3, 
1811.  Until  the  age  of  fourteen  he  at 
tended  a  common  school  during  winter, 
working  in  summer  on  his  father's  farm. 
In  1826,  his  parents  having  removed  to  the 
State  of  Vermont,  Horace,  who  had  early 
shown  a  fondness  for  reading,  especially 
newspapers,  and  had  resolved  to  be  a 
printer,  endeavored  to  flnd  employment  as 


160 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


an  apprentice  in  a  printing-office  in  White 
hall,  but  without  success.  He  afterwards 
applied  at  the  office  of  the  "  Northern  Spec 
tator,"  in  Poultney,  Vermont,  where  his 
services  were  accepted,  and  where  he  re 
mained  until  1830,  when  the  paper  was  dis 
continued,  and  he  returned  to  work  on  his 
father's  farm.  During  the  following  year 
he  arrived  in  the  City  of  New  York,  where 
he  obtained  work  as  a  journeyman  printer, 
and  was  employed  in  various  offices,  with 
occasional  intervals,  for  the  next  eighteen 
months.  In  1834,  in  connection  with 
Jonas  Winchester,  he  started  the  "  New 
Yorker,"  a  weekly  journal  of  literature  and 
general  intelligence,  and  became  its  edi 
tor.  After  struggling  on  for  several  years, 
the  journal  was  abandoned.  During  its 
existence,  Mr.  Greeley  published  several 
political  campaign  papers,  the  "  Constitu 
tion,"  the  " Jcffersonian,"  and  the  "Log 
Cabin."  In  1841  he  commenced  the  pub 
lication  of  the  "New  York  Tribune."  In 
1848  he  was  chosen  to  fill  a  vacancy  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  and  served  through  the 
short  term  preceding  President  Taylor's  in 
auguration.  In  1851  he  visited  Europe,  and 
was  chosen  Chairman  of  one  of  the  juries 
at  the  World's  Fair.  He  gave  an  account 
of  his  travels  in  a  series  of  letters  to  the 
"  Tribune,"  which  were  afterwards  collect 
ed  into  a  volume.  He  has  also  published  a 
collection  of  his  addresses,  essays,  etc., 
under  the  title  of  "  Hints  toward  Reforms ;" 
and  a  work  entitled  "The  American  Con 
flict."  In  1864  he  was  Presidential  Elec 
tor,  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention "  of  1866,  and  to 
the  "State  Constitutional  Convention"  of 
1867.  He  was  one  of  those  who  gave  bail 
for  Jefferson  Davis  in  May,  1867.  In  No 
vember  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson  Minister  to  Austria,  and  was 
confirmed,  but  declined  the  position. 

Green,  Byram.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York;  served  five  years  in  the  As 
sembly  of  that  State ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1843  to  1845. 

Green,  Frederick  W. — He  was  born 
in  Maryland,  and,  having  removed  to  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1855. 

Green,  I.  L. — He  was  born  in  Massa 
chusetts;  graduated  at  Harvard  Univer 
sity,  in  1781 ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1805  to 
1809,  and  again  from  1811  to  1813.  He 
died  in  1841. 

Green,  Innis. — He  was  born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to 
1831. 

Green,  Jameg  £.— He  was  born  in 
Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  February  28, 
1817;  and  in  1836,  with  no  fortune  but  a 


common  English  education,  he  removed 
to  Alabama,  where  he  remained  one  year, 
and  then  took  up  his  residence  in  Mis 
souri,  with  which  State  he  has  since  been 
identified.  After  many  struggles  with  the 
world,  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840, 
and  soon  thereafter  entered  upon  a  lucra 
tive  practice.  He  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1844;  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention,  held  in  1845,  for  the  revision 
of  the  Constitution  of  Missouri ;  and  was 
elected  a  member  of  Congress  in  1846, 
serving  through  two  terms.  He  argued 
a  boundary  dispute  case  in  the  Supreme 
Court,  by  appointment  of  the  Governor  of 
Missouri;  and  in  1849  took  the  stump 
against  the  late  Hon.  Thomas  H.  Benton. 
In  1853  President  Pierce  appointed  him 
to  be  Charge  d  Affaires,  and  subsequently 
Minister  Resident  at  Bogota,  New  Gra 
nada.  He  was  again  elected  a  member  of 
Congress  in  1856,  but  before  taking  his 
seat  lie  was  chosen  by  the  Legislature  to 
represent  the  State  of  Missouri  in  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States,  where  he  re 
mained  until  1861.  During  the  first  ses 
sion  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Committees  on  the  Judi 
ciary,  and  on  Territories,  and  at  the 
commencement  of  the  second  session  of 
that  Congress  he  was  chosen  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Territories. 

Green,  Willis.— He  was  born  in  Ken 
tucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1845. 

Greene,  Albert  C, — He  was  born  in 
East  Greenwich,  Rhode  Island,  in  1792; 
read  law  in  New  York,  where  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar;  returned  to  his  native 
State,  and  there  commenced  the  practice 
of  his  profession;  in  1815  he  was  elected 
to  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State ;  in 
1816  was  elected  a  Brigadier-General  of 
Militia,  and  subsequently  became  a  Major- 
General;  from  1822  to  1825  he  served 
again  in  the  Legislature  of  the  State,  and 
was  chosen  Speaker ;  from  1825  to  1843  he 
was  Attorney-General  of  the  State ;  from 
1845  to  1851  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  Rhode  Island;  and,  having  again 
served  a  term  in  each  of  the  two  houses  of 
the  State  Legislature,  he  retired  from  pub 
lic  life  in  1857.  He  received  the  degree  of 
Master  of  Arts  from  Brown  University  in 
1827.  Died  at  Providence,  January  8, 
1863. 

Greene,  Kay. — He  was  born  in  Rhode 
Island ;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1784 ; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Rhode  Island,  from  1797  to  1801,  when  he 
resigned. 

Greene,    Thomas  M.  —  He  was  a 

Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Mississippi,  from  1802  to  1803. 

Greenup,  Christopher.  — Tie  was 


EIOGBAPIIICAL    KECOEDS. 


161 


Governor  of  Kentucky  from  1804  to  1808; 
was  a  patriot  of  the  American  Revolution, 
find  participated  in  the  perils  of  the  war. 
He  was  at  various  times  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  Kentucky,  and  a  Represent 
ative  of  that  State  in  Congress,  from  1792 
to  1797,  and  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1809.  He  was  a  man  of  great  usefulness 
in  his  native  State,  and  died  at  Frankfort, 
Kentucky,  April  24,  1818. 

Greemvood,  A.  U.— Born  in  Frank 
lin  County,  Georgia,  July  11,  1811;  grad 
uated  at  the  Athens  University,  Georgia ; 
is  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  of(  the  State  of 
Arkansas,  from  1842  to  1845.  He  was 
Prosecuting  Attorney  for  said  State  from 
1845  to  1851;  Circuit  Judge  from  1851  to 
1853;  and  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  1853  to  1858,  from  Arkansas, 
serving  a  portion  of  the  time  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs.  In 
1859  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Bu 
chanan,  Commissioner  of  Indian  Aftairs. 

Gregg,  Andrew.— Born  in  Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania,  June  10,  1755;  he  received 
a  good  classical  education,  and  for  several 
years  was  tutor  in  the  University  of  Penn 
sylvania.  In  1783  he  opened  a  country 
store  in  Middletown,  Dauphin  County, 
whence  he  removed,  in  1789,  to  a  wilder 
ness  valley,  where  he  commenced  agricul 
tural  pursuits.  In  1790  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  serving  from  1791  to  1807,  and  a 
Senator  of  the  United  States  from  1807  to 
1813,  serving  for  a  time  as  President  pro 
tern,  of  the  Senate.  In  1814  he  removed 
to  Bellefonte,  and  in  1816  he  was  appoint 
ed  Secretary  of  State  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  was  remarkable  for  a  sound  and  dis 
criminating  mind,  agreeable  and  dignified 
manners,  and  performed  his  duties  with 
talent  and  integrity.  He  died  at  Belle- 
foiite,  May  20,  1835. 

Gregg,  James  M.—  Born  in  Patrick 
County,  Virginia,  June  26,  1806.  He  re 
ceived  only  a  common-school  education, 
and  was  bred  a  practical  farmer,  but 
studied  the  profession  of  law ;  and  in  1830 
he  settled  in  Hendrick  County,  Indiana. 
From  1834  to  1837  he  was  County  Survey 
or,  and  then  chosen  Clerk  of  the  Circuit 
Court,  serving  till  1845.  He  was  elected 
a  Representative  of  the  Thirty- fifth  Con 
gress,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Public  Expenditures. 

Gregory,  Dudley  S. — He  was  born 
in  Connecticut ;  was  at  one  time  engaged 
in  the  iron  business  among  the  Adirondack 
Mountains  of  New  York,  and,  having  set 
tled  in  New  Jersey,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1847  to  1849. 

Greifft  John. — Born  in   Dumfries- 
11 


shire,  Scotland,  August  G,  1779 ;  educated 
at  the  Edinburgh  High  School ;  emigrated 
to  America  in  1797;  settled  in  Canan- 
daigua,  New  York;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1804;  practised  his  profession 
until  1820,  when  he  became  President  of 
the  Ontario  Bank,  which  he  held  until 
1856 ;  he  was  for  many  years  a  Regent  of 
the  New  York  University,  and  also  a 
Vice-Chancellor ;  was  long  the  active  head 
of  an  Agricultural  Society,  and  was  one 
of  the  founders  and  corporators  of  the 
Ontario  Female  Seminary.  His  service  in 
Congress  was  for  the  term  commencing 
in  1841,  but  he  resigned  at  the  close  of  the 
first  session.  Died  at  Canaudaigua,  April 
9,  1858. 

Grennell,  George.—  Born  in  Green 
field,  Franklin  County,  Massachusetts, 
December  25,  1786 ;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1808 ;  studied  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1811 ;  was  Prosecuting 
Attorney  for  Franklin  County  from  1820 
to  1828 ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  from  1824  to  1827 ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts, 
from  1829  to  1839.  He  was  for  many  years 
a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
Amherst  College,  and  in  1854  the  degree 
of  LL.D.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  that 
institution.  From  1849  to  1853  he  was 
Probate  Judge  for  his  county,  and  subse 
quently  settled  down  as  Clerk  of  the 
Franklin  County  Court.  He  was  the  first 
man  who  proposed  and  advocated  on  the 
floor  of  Congress  the  recognition  of  Hayti. 

Grey,  Benjamin  E.—  He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  iu 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1855. 

Grider,  Henry.  — "Was  born  in  Gar- 
rard  County,  Kentucky,  July  16,  1796 ;  re 
ceived  a  good  desultory  education  at  Bowl 
ing  Green,  and  elsewhere  ;  studied  law, 
and  while  engaged  in  practice,  also  de 
voted  some  attention  to  farming.  He  ren 
dered  his  first  public  service  as  a  private 
in  the  army,  during  the  last  war  with  Eng 
land,  having  served  with  Shelby  in  his 
campaign  to  Canada;  in  1827  and  1831  he 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Ken 
tucky,  and  in  1833  to  the  State  Senate, 
where  he  served  four  years.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1843  to  1847,  and  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Revolution 
ary  Claims  and  on  Mileage.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  Territories. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Territories, 
Mileage,  and  Reconstruction.  Died  in 
Warren  County,  Kentucky,  September  14, 
1866. 

Griffin,  Cyrus.— He  was  a  native  of 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


England;  was  educated  in  that  country; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  Virginia,  from  1778  to  1781, 
and  again  from  1787  to  1788,  and  was  Pres 
ident  of  that  body  during  the  latter  year. 
He  was  appointed  in  1789  Judge  of  the 
District  Court  of  the  United  States,  serv 
ing  in  that  office  for  twenty-one  years. 
He  died  in  Yorktown,  December  10,  1810, 
aged  sixty-two  years. 

Griffin,  Isaac. — He  was  born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1813  to  1817. 

Griffin,  John  K.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  iu  Congress,  from  South  Caroli 
na,  from  1831  to  1841,  and  died  at  Milton, 
South  Carolina,  August  1,  1841. 

Griffin,  Samuel.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1789  to  1795,  and  was  one  of  those  who 
voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of  Govern 
ment  on  the  Potomac. 

Griffin,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1803  to  1805. 

Grimes /  James  W.  —  He  was  born 
in  Dcering,  Hillsborough  County,  New 
Hampshire,  October  16,  1816 ;  commenced 
his  education  at  Hampton  Academy,  and 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1836. 
Soon  after  that  time  he  emigrated  to  the 
"West,  and  in  1838  was  elected  to  the  first 
General  Assembly  of  the  Territory  of 
Iowa,  to  which  he  was  frequently  re-elect 
ed.  He  was  Governor  of  the  State  of 
Iowa  from  1854  to  1858,  and  in  1859  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  for  six  years,  serving  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  and  also  of  that  on  Naval  Affairs, 
and  as  a  member  of  those  on  Public  Lands 
and  Public  Buildings.  He  was  also  a  Del 
egate  to  the  "Peace  Congress"  of  1861.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term 
commencing  in  1865,  and  ending  in  1871 ; 
and  in  1865  received  from  the  Iowa  Col 
lege  the  degree  of  LL.D.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  SpecialJoint  Committee  on 
the  Rebellious  States,  that  on  Contingent 
Expenses  of  the  Senate,  and  that  on  Ap 
propriations  ;  and  he  was  one  of  the  Sen 
ators  designated  by  the  Senate  to  attend 
the  funeral  of  General  Scott  in  1866. 

Grinnell,  Joseph.—  He  was  born  in 
New  Bedford,  Massachusetts,  November 
17,  1788.  His  early  education  was  re 
ceived  at  private  schools,  and  was 
moulded  in  view  of  a  mercantile  life ;  he 
commenced  business  in  New  York  as  a 
commission  merchant  in  1809,  and  contin 
ued  there  until  1829,  for  five  years,  being 
connected  with  John  H.  Howland,  eleven 
years  with  Preserved  Fish,  and  four  years 
with  his  brothers,  Moses  H.  and  Henry 


Grinnell ;  in  1829  he  retired  from  the  New 
York  concern,  and  visited  Europe ;  on  his 
return  lie  settled  in  his  native  place,  de 
voting  himself  to  commerce  generally,  and 
especially  to  the  whale  fishery.  Among 
the  laborious  positions  which  he  has  long 
held  in  New  Bedford,  are  those  of  Presi 
dent  of  the  Marine  Bank,  of  the  New 
Bedford  and  Taunton  Railroad,  and  of  the 
Wamsutta  Cotton-mill.  In  1839, 1840,  and 
1841,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Governor's 
Council  of  Massachusetts ;  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  to  Congress  in  1843,  and 
was  three  times  re-elected,  serving  on  the 
Post  Office  and  Commerce  Committees, 
and  originating  the  idea  of  a  reduction  of 
postage  and  the  establishment  of  life 
boats.  Indeed,  so  great  was  Mr.  Grin- 
nell's  influence  on  the  floor  of  Congress, 
as  every  measure  he  proposed  seemed  to 
succeed,  he  was  playfully  designated  by 
his  friends  as  one  of  the  most  dangerous 
men  in  the  House. 

Grinnell,  Josiah  B. — He  was  born 
in  New  Haven,  Vermont,  December  22, 
1821 ;  received  a  collegiate  and  theologi 
cal  education ;  went  to  Iowa  in  1855,  and 
turned  his  attention  to  farming,  having 
been  the  most  extensive  wool-grower  in 
the  State,  to  which  he  has  devoted  special 
attention;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  for  four  years ;  a  special  agent  for 
the  General  Post  Office  for  two  years ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Iowa, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post 
Roads.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Freedmen,  on  Agriculture,  and  on  the 
Postal  Railroad  to  New  York.  In  June, 
1866,  L.  H.  Rousseau,  a  fellow-member, 
made  a  personal  assault  upon  him  for 
words  spoken  in  debate,  which  resulted  in 
a  resolution, which  was  passed,  reprimand 
ing  the  assailant  for  "violating  the  rights 
and  privileges  of  the  House." 

Grinnell,  Moses  H. — Born  in  New 
Bedford,  Massachusetts,  March  3,  1803; 
was  educated  at  private  schools  and  at 
Friends'  Academy ;  was  bred  a  merchant, 
and  frequently  went  abroad  as  supercargo ; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1839  to  1841.  He 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1856. 
Moses  H.,  Henry  Grinnell,  and  Robert  B. 
Miuturn,  were  the  gentlemen  composing 
the  distinguished  firm  of  Grinnell,  Min- 
turn,  &  Co.,  the  house  taking  that  title  in 
1829,  though  in  reality  founded  many  years 
before  by  Joseph  Grinuell  and  Preserved 
Fish. 

Grisivold,  Gai/lord.—Hc  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1787 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  Assembly  from  1796  to  1798 ; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1803  to  1805;  and  died 
in  1809. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


163 


Griswold,  John  A. — He  was  born 
in  Rcnsselaer  County,  New  York,  about 
the  year  1822 ;  was  educated  for  the  mer 
cantile  profession ;  settled  himself  in  the 
iron  trade,  to  which,  in  connection  with 
banking,  he  has  ever  been  devoted.  He 
served  one  term  as  Mayor  of  the  City  of 
Troy,  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  New  York  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Naval  Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Death  of  President 
Lincoln  and  Naval  Affairs.  Re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  ou  the 
Committee  on  Ways  and  Means. 

Griswold,  Roger.  — Born  in  Lyme, 
Connecticut,  May  21,  1762;  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1780,  and  studied  law,  in 
the  practice  of  which  he  became  eminent. 
From  1795  to  1805  he  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  Connecticut.  In 
1801  he  declined  the  appointment  of  Sec 
retary  of  War,  offered  him  by  President 
Adams  a  few  days  previous  to  the  acces 
sion  of  President  Jefferson.  In  1807  he 
was  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  State;  was  Lieutenant-Governor 
from  1809  to  1811,  and  then  elected  Gov 
ernor  ;  while  holding  that  office  he  refused 
to  place  four  companies  under  General 
Dearborn,  at  the  requisition  of  the  Presi 
dent,  for  garrison  purposes,  deeming  the 
requisition  unconstitutional,  as  they  were 
not  wanted  to  "  repel  invasion."  In  1809 
he  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector.  A 
scene  that  occurred  between  him  and  Mat 
thew  Lyou  on  the  floor  of  Congress  was 
one  of  great  excitement.  He  received 
from  Harvard  College  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
He  died  in  1812. 

Griswold,  Stanley.— Born  in  Tor- 
ringford,  Connecticut,  November,  1768; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1786;  and 
was  a  clergyman.  In  1804  he  became  the 
editor  of  a  Democratic  paper  in  Walpole, 
New  Hampshire,  but  was  soon  after  ap 
pointed  by  President  Jefferson  Secretary 
of  the  Territory  of  Michigan.  He  was  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  in  1809, 
but  was  superseded  by  A.  Campbell ;  and 
he  was  United  States  Judge  for  the  North 
western  Territory.  He  died  at  Shawnee- 
town,  Illinois,  August  21,  1814. 

GroesbecJc,  William  S. — He  was 
born  in  New  York  about  the  year  1826 ; 
studied  law,  and  removed  to  Cincinnati, 
where  he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession ;  in  1852  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Commission  appointed  to  codify  the 
laws  of  Ohio ;  was  a  member  in  1851  of  the 
"State  Constitutional  Convention;"  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  "Peace  Congress"  of  1861,  and 
in  1862  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  Ohio. 


He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866,  and  was  one  of  the  counsel  for  An 
drew  Johnson  during  his  Impeachment 
Trial  in  1868. 

Gross,  Ezra  €.— He  was  born  in 
Windsor  County,  Vermont;  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Vermont  in  180(5 ;  prac 
tised  law  at  Elizabethtown,  New  York; 
was  Surrogate  of  Essex  County,  from  1815 
to  1819 ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1819  to  1821; 
and  was  elected  to  the  Assembly  of  that 
State  in  1828  and  1829,  but  died  before  the 
close  of  his  second  term. 

Gross,  Samuel. — He  was  a  native  of 
Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1823. 

Grosvenor,  Thomas  P.—  Born  in 
Pomfret,  Connecticut,  in  1780,  and  died 
April  25,  1817.  He  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1800,  and,  after  studying  law,  re 
moved  to  New  York;  served  a  number  of 
years  in  the  Legislature  of  that  State,  and 
was  elected  to  Congress  as  a  Representa 
tive,  serving  from  1813  to  1817. 

Grout,  Jonathan.—  He  was  born  in 
Lunenburg,  Worcester  County,  Massachu 
setts,  July  23,  1737;  was  an  officer  in  the 
colonial  service  in  the  French  and  Indian 
Avar  of  1757-1760;  studied  law  and  settled 
in  Petersham,  Worcester  County,  Massa 
chusetts.  Was  an  active  and  energetic 
Whig  through  the  Revolutionary  war; 
served  for  a  short  time  in  the  Revolution 
ary  army ;  was  for  some  years  a  member 
of  the  "  General  Court,"  or  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  of  Massachusetts ;  and  in  1789 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  First  Con 
gress,  in  which  he  served  from  1789  to  1791. 
He  subsequently  devoted  himself  to  his  pro 
fession,  and  died  while  attending  Court  at 
Dover,  New  Hampshire,  Septembers,  1807. 

Grove,  William  JR.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1791  to  1803. 

Grover,  Asa  JP. — Born  in  Ontario 
County,  New  York,  in  1819 ;  educated  at 
Centre  College,  Kentucky,  of  which  State 
he  became  a  resident  in  1847 ;  studied  and 
practised  law;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  1857 ;  re-elected  in  1861,  hold 
ing  the  position  eight  years ;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Kentucky, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Expenditures  on  the  Public 
Buildings. 

Grover,  Lafayette.— Was  born  in 
Bethel,  Oxford  County,  Maine;  graduated 
at  Bowdoin  College ;  studied  law  in  Phila 
delphia,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1850,  and  soon  afterwards  took  up  his 


1G4 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


residence  in  Salem,  Oregon  Territory.  In 
1851  he  was  elected  Prosecuting  Attorney 
for  the  Territory;  in  1852,  Auditor  of 
Public  Accounts ;  served  three  years  in  the 
Territorial  Legislature ;  saw  some  service 
iu  the  Indian  wars  of  Oregon ;  was  a  Com 
missioner  in  1854  to  adjust  the  claims  of 
citizens  of  Oregon  against  the  United 
States ;  lie  was  appointed  in  1856  one  of 
the  Commissioners  to  investigate  the  In 
dian  war  claims  against  the  General  Gov 
ernment  ;  and,  having  been  an  active  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  6f  1857  to  form  a 
State  Constitution,  he  was  subsequently 
elected  the  first  Representative  iu  Con 
gress  from  the  prospective  State,  and  took 
his  seat  as  such  iu  February,  1859. 

Grover,  Martin. — He  was  a  native 
of  New  York,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  18-15  to 
1847 ;  and  was  subsequently  a  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  New  York. 

Grow,  Galusha  A.— Born  in  Ash- 
ford,  Windham  Caunty,  Connecticut,  Au 
gust  31,  1823;  was  educated  at  Amherst 
College,  graduating  in  1844 ;  adopted  the 
law  as  a  profession,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1847 ;  and,  having  settled  among 
the  mountains  of  Pennsylvania,  and  his 
health,  in  1850,  being  delicate,  he  amused 
himself  by  surveying  wild  lands  and  raft 
ing  ;  and  in  1850  he  was  elected  a  Eepre- 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  served  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Territories  and  Public  Printing. 
When  Mr.  Banks  was-  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives,  Mr.  Grow  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Territo 
ries;  and  during  one  of  the  recesses  of 
Congress  he  visited  Europe.  He  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Territories.  lie-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  was  chosen  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Eepreseutatives.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "Baltimore  Con 
vention"  of  1864. 

Grundy,  Felix.—  Born  in  Virginia, 
September  11,  1770;  he  removed  with  his 
father  to  Kentucky,  and  was  educated  at 
Bardstown  Academy;  studied  law,  and 
soon  became  distinguished  at  the  bar.  He 
commenced  his  public  career,  at  the  age  of 
twenty-two,  as  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  for  revising  the  Constitution  of  Ken 
tucky  ;  was  afterwards,  for  six  or  seven 
years,  a  member  of  the  Legislature  of  that 
State.  In  1806  he  was  elected  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Kentucky, 
and  was  soon  after  Chief  Justice.  In  1807 
he  removed  to  Nashville,  Tennessee,  and 
became  eminent  as  a  lawyer.  From  1811 
to  1814  he  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Tennessee,  and  during  several 
years  after  was  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  that  State.  From  1820  to  1838  he 
was  United  States  Senator,  and  in  the 


'latter  year  was  appointed  by  President 
Van  Buren  Attorney -General  of  the  United 
States ;  in  1840  he  resigned  this  position, 
and  was  again  elected  Senator.  He  died 
at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  December  19, 
1840. 

Gutin,  James.— He  was  a  Senator  of 
the  United  States,  from  Georgia,  from  1789 
to  1801,  and  died  in  Louisville,  in  that 
State,  July  30, 1801.  He  was  one  of  those 
who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of  Govern 
ment  on  the  Potomac. 

Gurley,  Henry  H. — He  was  born  in 
Lebanon,  Connecticut,  in  1787;  was  edu 
cated  at  Williamstown  College;  studied 
law,  and  settled  at  an  early  day  in  Louisi 
ana  ;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1823  to  1831. 
He  previously  held  the  office  of  United 
States  Judge  of  the  District  Court  of  Lou 
isiana,  and  died  in  1832. 

Gurley,  John  A.  —  Born  in  East 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  December  9,  1813; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied 
for  the  ministry,  and  was  settled  as  a 
preacher  at  Methuen,  Massachusetts,  from 
1834  to  1837,  when  he  removed  to  Cincin 
nati,  Ohio,  where  he  published  a  paper, 
called  the  "  Star  of  the  West,"  for  fifteen 
years.  In  1858  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  officiating  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Printing.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty -seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Commerce,  and  on 
Roads  and  Canals.  Died  at  Cincinnati, 
August  19,  1863,  while  holding  the  office 
of  Governor  of  Arizona,  conferred  upon 
him  by  President  Lincoln. 

Gustine,  Amos.— Tie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1841  to  1843,  and  died  in  Lost  Creek 
Valley,  Pennsylvania,  March  3,  1844. 

Guthrie,  James. — He  was  born  near 
Bardstown,  Nelson  County,  Kentucky, 
December  5,  1792 ;  educated  at  the  Bards 
town  Academy.  When  twenty  years  of 
age  commenced  trading  with  New  Orleans 
as  the  owner  of  flat-boats ;  studied  law,aud 
in  his  twenty-fifth  year  settled  at  Louis 
ville  as  a  lawyer.  For  a  time  he  held  the 
office  of  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  the  coun 
ty  in  which  he  lived,  and  for  many  years 
practised  his  profession  with  success.  Dur 
ing  that  period  he  Avas  shot  by  a  political 
opponent,  and  was  in  consequence  con 
fined  to  his  bed  for  three  years.  He  served 
nine  years  in  the  Legislature  of  the  State 
and  six  years  in  the  State  Senate ;  was  Pres 
ident  of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion"  of  1851;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
banking  business  of  Louisville,  and,  after 
originating,  became  President  of  the  Nash 
ville  and  Louisville  Railroad.  In  1853  he 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


165 


went  into  President  Pierce's  cabinet  as 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury ;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  "'  Chicago  Convention "  o/  1864 ; 
and  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Kentucky,  in  1865,  for  the  term  end 
ing  in  1871,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Finance,  Agriculture,  Patents,  Appropria 
tions,  and  Mines  and  Mining.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National 
Union  Convention  "  of  1866.  Resigned  in 
February,  18G8,  on  account  of  his  health. 

Guyon,  Jr.,  James.— He  was  born 
in  Richmond  County,  New  York,  in  1777; 
represented  Staten  Island  in  the  Legisla 
ture  of  New  York  a  number  of  years,  and 
was  a  member  of  Congress  from  1819  to 
1821.  He  died  on  Stateu  Island,  March  8, 
1846. 

Gwin,  William  M.—Bom  in  Sum- 
ner  County,  Tennessee,  October  9,  1805; 
graduated  at  Transylvania  University, 
Lexington,  Kentucky,  and  studied  medi 
cine  as  a  profession;  he  was  appointed 
United  States  Marshal  for  Mississippi ;  and 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  serving  from  1841  to  1843.  He 
was  Commissioner  of  Public  Buildings  to 
superintend  the  erection  of  the  New  Or 
leans  Custom  House;  a  member  of  the 
Convention  for  framing  the  Constitution 
of  California,  and  was  one  of  the  first 
United  States  Senators  from  that  State, 
having  been  elected  in  1850  for  six  years, 
and  re-elected  in  1856  for  the  term  which 
expired  in  1861.  He  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Pacific  Railroad,  and  a 
member  of  the  Committees  on  Finance,and 
on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads.  .During 
the  Rebellion  he  was  arrested  and  impris 
oned  for  his  opposition  to  the  Federal 
Government,. but  was  released  on  his  pa 
role  by  President  Johnson  in  1866. 

Givinnett,  Button.— lie  was  born  in 
England  in  1732;  received  a  good  educa 
tion;  came  to  America  in  1770,  and  settled 
in  Charleston,  South  Carolina;  was  de 
voted,  first  to  commercial  pursuits,  and 
afterwards  to  planting,  in  Georgia;  he 
joined  the  popular  party,  and  wa,s  conspic 
uous  ."it  revolutionary  committees ;  he  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  1775  to  1776,  and  was  one  of  the  sign 
ers  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 
He  was  a  member,  in  1777,  of  the  Conven 
tion  to  form  a  State  Constitution  for  Geor 
gia  ;  was  re-elected  to  Congress,  but,  hav 
ing  fought  a  duel  with  General  Mclutosh, 
he  was  mortally  wounded,  and  died  May 
27,  1777. 

Habersham,  Joseph. — He  was  born 
in  Georgia ;  served  with  distinction  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  a  Lieutenant-Col 
onel  ;  was  a  Delegate,  from  Georgia,  to  the 
Continental  Congress  from  1785  to  1786; 
was  appointed  by  Washington  Postmaster- 
General  in  1795,  and  having  been  con 


tinued  in  office  by  Presidents  Adams  and 
Jeft'erson,  resigned  in  1802.  Died  in 
Georgia  in  1815. 

Habersham,  Richard  W.—llc  was 
born  in  Savannah,  Georgia,  in  1786,  and 
was  educated  at  Nassau  Hall,  New  Jersey, 
where  he  graduated  in  1805.  He  distin 
guished  himself  as  a  lawyer,  and  occupied 
many  stations  of  trust  in  his  native  State, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1839  to  1843,  where  he  commanded, 
great  respect  for  his  political  integrity. 
He  died  in  Habersham  County,  Georgia, 
December  2,  1844. 

Hackett,  Thomas  (7.— He  was  born 
in  Georgia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Indian  Affairs.  Died,  at  Marietta, 
Georgia,  October  8,  1851. 

HacMey,  Jr.,  Aaron.—  Born  in 
New  Haven,  Connecticut,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Legislature  in  1814, 
1815,  and  1818,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1819-  to 
1821. 

Hahn,  John. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1815  to  1817. 

Hahn,  Michael. — Born  in  Bavaria, 
in  November,  1830;  was  brought  to  the 
United  States  when  a  child,  and  settled  in 
Louisiana ;  received  a  public-school  educa 
tion  in  New  Orleans,  and  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  in  the  University  of 
Louisiana ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
and  in  1862  was  chosen  a  Representative  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  — he  and  B. 
F.  Flanders  having  been  elected  during 
the  military  rule  in  Louisiana.  He  took 
his  seat  at  the  close  of  the  session.  In 
1864  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Louisiana 
for  the  term  ending  in  1868. 

Haight,  diaries.— HQ  was  born  at 
Colt's  Neck,  Monmouth  County,  New  Jer 
sey,  January  4, 1838 ;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1857 ;  studied  law  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1862  as  an  attorney,  and  iu 
1864  as  a  counsellor;  was  elected  to  the 
New  Jersey  Legislature  in  1861  and  1862, 
and  chosen  Speaker  in  the  latter  year; 
was  a  Delegate  to  State  Conventions  iu 
1864  and  1865;  was  commissioned  a 
Brigadier-General  of  Militia  in  1861,  and. 
rendered  effective  service  in  raising  troops 
for  the  war ;  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  New  Jersey  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Naval  Affairs. 

Haight,  Edward.— Bora  in  New 
York  City,  March  26,  1817;  was  educated 
at  a  private  school;  entered  a  counting- 
house,  and  turned  his  whole  attention  to 


166 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


mercantile  pursuits;  became  a  director  in 
the  National  Bank  of  New  York,  and  sub 
sequently  Vice- President  of  the  Bank  of 
the  Commonwealth,  and  finally  President, 
which  position  he  still  occupies.  Besides 
acting  as  a  director  in  six  or  seven  banks 
and  insurance  companies,  he  has  frequently 
served  as  an  officer  in  various  benevolent 
institutions.  In  I860  he  was  elected  a 
llepresentative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Manufactures. 

Halle,  William.— He  was  born  in 
1797,  and  died  at  Woodville,  Mississippi, 
March  7,  1837.  He  was  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  Mississippi,  from  1826  to 

1828. 

Hale,  Artemas. — Born  in  Winchen- 
don,  Worcester  County,  Massachusetts, 
October  20,  1783,  and  pursued  the  occupa 
tion  of  a  fanner  until  twenty-one  years 
of  age,  having  received  only  a  common- 
school  education.  He  was  a  teacher  in 
Hingham  for  ten  years,  and  then  removed 
to  Bridgewater,  where  he  engaged  in 
manufacturing.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  the  Legislature  for  several  years,  and  a 
State  Senator  in  1833  and  1834.  In  1853 
he  was  a  member  of  the  (i  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention,"  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1845  to  1849.  In  1864  he  was  also  a 
Presidential  Elector. 

Hale,  James  T. — He  was  born  in 
Bradford  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  Octo 
ber,  1810;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1832;  in  1851  he  was 
appointed  President  Judge  in  the  Twen 
tieth  Judicial  District  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  in  1858  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Claims.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Claims,  and  on  Roads  and 
Canals.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  and  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Claims.  Died  at  Bellefonte, 
Pennsylvania,  April  7,  1865. 

Hale,  John  P.— Born  in  Rochester, 
Straflbrd  County,  New  Hampshire,  March 
31,  1806.  After  preparing  himself  at 
Exeter  Academy,  he  entered  Bowdoin 
College,  and  graduated  in  1827.  He 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1830;  in  1832  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature;  in  1834  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Jackson,  District 
Attorney  for  New  Hampshire,  and  re-ap 
pointed  by  President  Van  Buren;  in 
1843  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress;  in  1846  he  was  again  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature,  and  chosen 
Speaker ;  in  1847  he  was  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  and  after  serving  until  1853, 


devoted  himself  for  two  years  to  his 
profession,  and  was  re-elected  in  1855  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  in  1859  was 
re-elected  for  the  term  ending  in  1865, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs,  and  member  of  that  on 
Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads.  In  1852  he 
was  the  Free-soil  candidate  for  Vice- 
President  of  the  United  States.  Soon 
after  leaving  the  Senate,  March  10,  1865, 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln, 
Minister  to  Spain, 

Hale,  "Robert  S. — Born  in  Chelsea, 
Orange  County,  Vermont,  September  24, 
1822;  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Vermont  in  1842;  studied  law,  and  after 
coming  to  the  bar  settled  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession  at  Elizabethtown,  Essex 
County,  New  York;  was  Judge  of  Essex 
County  from  1856  to  1864 ;  was  appointed 
in  1859  a  Regent  of  the  University  of  New 
York;  in  1860  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  from  New  York  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  in  the  place  of  Orlando  Kellogg, 
deceased,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  Militia,  Manufactures,  and  Retrench 
ment.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"National  Union  Convention"  at  Phila 
delphia,  in  1866. 

Hale,  Salma. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 
from  1817  to  1819,  and  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1823,  1824,  and  1845, 
serving  in  both  houses.  Died  November 
19,  1866,  aged  seventy-nine  years. 

Hale,  William. — He  was  one  of  the 

most  influential  men  of  New  Hampshire, 
and  a  member  of  Congress  from  1809  to 
1811,  and  again  from  1813  to  1817.  Died 
at  Dover,  November  8,  1848,"  aged  eighty- 
four  years. 

Haley,  Elisha. — He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1839. 

Hall,  Augustus. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Iowa,  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress. 

Hall,  Boiling. —He  was  a  member 
of  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  181 1  to 
1817;  died  near  Montgomery,  Alabama, 
March  25,  1836,  aged  sixty-seven  years. 

Hall,  Chapin. — Born  in  Ellicott, 
Chautauque  County,  New  York,  July  12, 
1816;  received  a  good  English  education; 
has  devoted  hjs  life  to  mercantile  pursuits 
in  connection  with  lumbering;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Invalid  Pensions. 


EIOGEAnilCAL    EECOEDS. 


167 


Hall,  f}eorge. — He  was  born  in  New 
Haven,  Connecticut;  was  a  member  of 
the  Assembly  of  New  York  in  1816,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1821. 

Hall,  Hiland. — He  was  born  in  Ben- 
nington,  Vermont,  July  20,  1795.  He 
spent  his  boyhood  cu  his  father's  farm, 
receiving,  as  he  could,  a  good  English 
education ;  studied  law,  and  VT as  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1819 ;  in  1827  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature,  and  afterwards, 
for  several  years,  was  State's  Attorney ; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Vermont,  from  1833  to  1843,  officiat 
ing  for  several  sessions  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Claims. 
He  was  also  Bank  Commissioner  for  Ver- 
mdnt,  from  1843  to  1816;  fouryears  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court;  iu  1850  Second 
Comptroller  of  the  Treasury;  and  in  1851 
was  appointed,  by  President  Fillmore, 
Land  Commissioner  for  California,  where 
he  remained  until  1854.  He  subsequently 
resided  on  the  farm  where  he  was  born, 
and  was  elected  Governor  of  Vermont  in 
1858 ;  in  1859  he  received  from  the  Uni 
versity  of  Vermont  the  degree  of  LL.D., 
and  served  as  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace 
Congress  "  of  1861. 

Hall,  tTohn* — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  Maryland  to  the  Constitutional  Con 
vention  from  1775  to  1776,  and  from  1783 
to  1784. 

Hall,  Joseph.— He  was  born  in  Es 
sex  County,  Massachusetts,  June  26, 1793 ; 
received  a  limited  education ;  after  leav 
ing  Audover  Academy,  went  to  Maine, 
and  was  a  clerk  in  a  store  until  he  was 
twenty-one  years  of  age ;  served  as  Lieu 
tenant  of  Militia  in  1813-'14;  from  1817 
until  1819  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits  ;  was  Sheriff  of  two  counties  for 
twelve  years ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1833  to 
1837,  having  been  the  first  Northern  man 
who  voted  against  receiving  slavery  pe 
titions.  Before  entering  Congress  he  was 
for  four  years  Postmaster  of  Caraden, 
Maine ;  and,  by  President  Polk,  was  ap 
pointed  Navy  Agent  of  Boston  in  1849. 
He  has  since  been  connected  with  the 
Boston  Custom  House. 

Hall,  Lawrence,  W.—Re  was  born 
in  Lake  County,  Ohio,  in  1819;  was  edu 
cated  in  that  State ;  graduated  at  Hudson 
in  1830  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843  ; 
practised  his  profession  until  1851,  when 
he  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas,  which  position  he  held 
until  1856,  when  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Ohio,  to*,  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Agriculture,  and  on  Pub 
lic  Buildings  and  Grounds.  During  the 
troubles  of  18G2  he  was  imprisoned  for 


alleged  disloyalty,  and  died  soon  after  his 
release,  in  Ohio,  January  26,  1863. 

Hall,  Lyrnan. — He  was  born  in  Con 
necticut  in  1725 ;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1747;  studied  medicine  and  estab 
lished  himself  in  Sunbury,  Georgia.  He 
early  espoused  the  American  cause ;  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1775  to  1779,  and  signed  the  Declaration 
of  Independence.  His  property  was  con 
fiscated  by  the  British;  in  1783  he  was 
elected  Governor  of  Georgia;  and  he  died 
in  that  State  in  1791. 

Hall,  Nathan  K.— Born  March  28, 
1810,  at  Marcellus,  Onondaga  County, 
New  York.  He  read  law  in  the  office  of 
Mr.  (  afterwards  President)  Fillmore,  and 
became  his  partner  in  the  practice  of  their 
profession,  at  Buffalo,  Erie  County,  New 
York,  in  1832.  He  has  held  different  ad 
ministrative  and  judicial  offices  in  his 
native  State,  served  as  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1847  to  1849.  On 
Mr.  Fillmore's  accession  to  the  Presiden 
cy,  in  July,  1850,  he  was  appointed  to  the 
office  of  Postmaster-General.  He  was 
subsequently  appointed  Judge  of  the 
United  States  District  Court  for  Western 
New  York. 

Hall,  Obed. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 
from  1811  to  1813. 

Hall,  Robert  B.—  Born  in  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  January  28,  1812;  was 
educated  for  the  ministry ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  iu  1855 ;  was 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  in  that  year,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  in 
1857,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Hall,  Thomas  B".— Born  in  Edge- 
combe  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1773; 
was  educated  for  the  medical  profession ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1817  to  1825,  and  again  from  1827  to 
1835.  In  1836  he  served  as  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate,  and  voted  against  the 
reception  of  any  of  the  surplus  revenue 
of  the  United  States  Treasury  by  the 
State  of  North  Carolina.  He  died  in  Tar- 
borough,  June  30,  1853. 

Hall,  Willard.  —  He  was  born  in 
Westford,  Massachusetts,  December  24, 
1780;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1799;  he  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1803 ;  he  removed  to  Dela 
ware  and  practised  his  profession  there ; 
in  1811  he  was  elected  Secretary  of  State 
in  Delaware,  and  held  that  office  threo 
years ;  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  in  1816,  and  re-elected  in  1818; 
he  was  again  Secretary  of  State  in  1821 ; 


1G8 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KEC'OEDS. 


in  1822  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature ; 
and  in  1823  was  appointed,  by  President 
Monroe,  District  Judge  of  the  United 
States  for  Delaware ;  in  1829  he  revised 
the  State  Laws  of  Delaware,  and  in  1831 
he  was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention." 

Hall,  Wlllard  P. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and,  on  taking  up  his  residence 
in  Missouri,  was  elected  a  representative 
in  Congress  from  1817  to  1853.  He  was 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  that  State  in  1861, 
18C2,  and  Acting  Governor. 

Hall,  William.  —  He  was  born  in 
1774,  and  died  in  Sumner  County,  Ten 
nessee,  in  October,  1836.  He  was  a  Gen 
eral  of  Militia,  and  a  Eepresentative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1831  to 
1833. 

Hall,  William  A.— He  was  born  in 
Maine,  taken  to  Virginia  in  early  child 
hood,  and  emigrated  to  Missouri  in  1841. 
In  1844  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector;  in 
1847  was  appointed  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court;  was  a  member  of  the  "Missouri 
Convention  "  of  1861 ;  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Missouri,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  in  the  place  of  J.  13. 
Clark,  expelled ;  and  in  1863  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Roads  and 
Canals,  and  Expenditures  in  the  Post  Of 
fice  Department.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  Chicago  Convention  "  of  1864,  and 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention  "  of  1866. 

Halloc7c,  John,  Jr. — He  was  born 
in  Orange  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Assembly  of  New  York 
State,  from  Orange  County,  in  1816  and 
1817,  and  from  1820  to  1821 ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1825  to  1829. 

Hallowai/,  Mansom.—A.  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  the  Eighth  Con 
gressional  District  of  New  York,  from 
1849  to  1851.  He  died  in  Mount  Pleasant, 
Prince  George  County,  Maryland,  April 
6,  1851. 

Halsey,  George  A. — He  was  born 
in  Springtield,  Essex  County,  New  Jersey, 
December  7,  1827 ;  in  1844  he  settled  in 
Newark,  and  became  engaged  in  the  man- 
xifacturiug  business ;  in  1801  and  1862  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Assembly ;  in  the 
latter  year  he  was  appointed  Assessor  of 
Internal  Revenue  for  the  Fifth  District  of 
New  Jersey,  which  he  held  until  1866,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Retrenchment,  and 
the  District  of  Columbia. 

Halsey,  JTcJiiel  H. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Senate  from  1832  to 


1835,  having  previously  been  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1829  to  1831." 

Halsey,  Nicoll. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly,  from  Tomp- 
kins  County,  in  1824,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833 
to  1835. 

Halsey,  Silas. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1805  to  1807,  and,  having  previously  been 
in  the  Assembly  of  that  State  for  several 
years,  was  subsequently,  for  one  year,  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate. 

Hoisted,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Nevy  Jersey ;  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1812;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1839,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843.  He 
was  a  candidate  for  election  to  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress,  and,  although  he  came 
with  the  broad  seal  of  his  State,  he  was 
not  admitted. 

Hamer,  Thomas  J/.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania;  removed  to  Ohio  when 
quite  young;  taught  a  common  school; 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1821 ; 
served  several  sessions  in  the  State  Leg 
islature,  and  was  once  elected  Speaker. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  from  1833  to  1839,  and  died  at 
Monterey,  Mexico,  while  serving  in  the 
war,  December  3,  1846.  He  entered  the 
army  as  a  private,  and  was  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  Brigadier-General.  It  has 
been  said  to  his  credit  that  he  was  the 
Representative  who  nominated  General  U. 
S.  Grant,  as  a  Cadet  to  West  Point. 

Hamilton,  Alexander.— Born  in 
the  Island  of  St.  Croix,  of  American 
parents,  in  1757;  when  sixteen  years  of 
age  he  came  to  New  York,  and  spent 
three  years  in  King's  College ;  two  years 
afterwards  he  entered  the  army  as  an 
officer  of  artillery,  and  became  an  Aide- 
de-Camp  to  Washington,  with  the  rank 
of  Lieutenant-Colonel ;  he  acquitted  him 
self  with  credit  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown ; 
after  the  war  he  quitted  the  army,  and 
turned  his  attention  to  the  law  in  New 
York;  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  "l782-'83,  and  in 
1787-'88;  in  1786  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Assembly ;  and  he  was  elected  to 
the  Convention*  which  formed  the  Federal 
Constitution.  By  his  writings,  signed 
Publius,  he  did  much  to  secure  its 
adoption,  but  was  the  only  member  from 
New  York  who  signed  that  instrument. 
In  1789  he  was  appointed,  by  Washington, 
Secretary  of  th»  Treasury,  and  continued 
in  that  office  until  1795,  when  he  resigned. 
In  1798  he  was  associated  with  Washing 
ton  in  command  of  the  army ;  and  in  1804 
he  had  a  difficulty  with  Aaron  Burr,  which 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


169 


resulted  in  a  duel,  which  took  place  at 
Iloboken,  and,  having  received  a  fatal  shot, 
died  on  the  following  day,  July  12,  1804. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  great  variety  of 
able  essays  on  politics  and  finance,  and 
especially  of  the  largest  number  of  chap 
ters  published  in  the  "  Federalist,"  and 
his  collected  writings  were  published  in 
an  edition  of  seven  volumes  in  1850. 

Hamilton,    Andrew  «7.—  Born  in 

Madison  County,  Alabama,  January  28, 
1815;  received  a  good  common-school 
education,  spending  his  earlier  years  on 
his  father's  farm.  He  held  for  some  years 
the  position  of  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court, 
and  did  business  as  a  merchant;  he  sub 
sequently  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar ;  in  1846  he  removed  to  Texas, 
and  devoted  himself  to  his  profession. 
In  that  State  he  held  the  office  of  Attorney- 
General  ;  served  frequently  in  the  Legisla 
ture;  in  1856  was  a  Presidential  Elector; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Texas  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Select  Committee 
of  Thirty-three.  In  1862  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  Military 
Governor  of  Texas ;  and  in  18G5,  by 
President  Johnson,  Provisional  Governor 
of  the  same  State.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' 
Convention"  of  1866,  and  also  of  the 
"  Soldiers'  Convention,"  held  at  Pittsburg. 

Hamilton,  Cornelius  S.— He  was 
born  in  Mu.skingum  County,  Ohio,  Janu 
ary  2,  1821;  received  a  common-school 
education;  studied  law,  but  in  addition  to 
practising  that  profession  he  paid  some 
attention  to  farming  and  banking,  and 
edited  a  newspaper;  in  1850  he  was 
elected  to  the  "  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention;"  in  1856  to  the  Senate  of  the 
State;  was  subsequently  appointed  an 
Assessor  of  Internal  Revenue,  and  in 
1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Private  Land  Claims 
and  Invalid  Pensions.  He  was  called 
from  his  duties  iu  Washington  to  attend 
upon  a  son,  who  had  suddenly  become 
insane,  and  by  that  son,  in  an  unguarded 
moment,  he  was  killed,  at  Marysville, 
Ohio,  December  21,  1867. 

Hamilton,  James.— Born  in  Charles 
ton,  South  Carolina,  in  1789 ;  was  liberally 
educated;  and  adopted  the  law  as  a 
profession.  In  1812  he  served  with  dis 
tinction  on  the  Canadian  frontier;  was 
for  several  years  Mayor  of  Charleston;  in 
1823  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ; 
and  from  that  position  was  transferred  to 
the  National  House  of  Representatives, 
where  he  remained  until"  1829.  He  was 
subsequently  chosen  Governor  of  South 
Carolina,  and,  becoming  interested  in  the 
Republic  of  Texas,  helped  to  promote  her 
independence,  and  went  to  Europe  as 


Minister  Plenipotentiary  from  that  re 
public.  He  did  much  to  promote  the 
interests  of  his  native  city  and  State,  and 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  "  Southern 
Quarterly  Review,"  and  also  of  the  Bank 
of  Charleston.  At  the  time  of  his  death 
he  was  a  Senator-elect  in  Congress,  from 
Texas,  but  was  drowned  on  his  passage 
to  Texas,  November  15,  1857,  by  a  col 
lision  between  the  steamers  Galvestoa 
and  Opelousas,  having  been  a  passenger 
on  board  the  latter  steamer. 

Hamilton,  John. — He  was  at  one 
time  High  Sheriff  of  Washington  County, 
Pennsylvania,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1805  to 
1807.  He  died  at  home,  August  31,  1837. 

Hamilton,    William  T.—  He  was 

born  in  Maryland,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1849  to  1855. 

Hamlin,    Edward   S.—  lIe  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1844  to  1845. 

Hamlin,  Hannibal. — Born  in  Paris, 
Oxford  County,  Maine,  August  27,  1809 ; 
prepared  himself  for  a  collegiate  educa 
tion,  but,  owing  to  his  father's  death,  was 
obliged  to  take  charge  of  his  farm,  where 
he  remained  until  he  was  of  age ;  he  then, 
spent  a  year  in  a  printing-office  as  a  com 
positor  ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1833,  and  continued  in  active 
practice  until  1848 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Maine  Legislature  from  1836  to  1840;  and 
Speaker  of  the  House  in  1837,  1839,  and 
1840 ;  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  was  again 
a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  the  State  Legislature  in  1847;  and 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  May 
26,  1848,  for  four  years,  to  fill  a  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  decease  of  John  Fair- 
field.  He  was  re-elected  for  six  years  in 
1851,  and  elected  Governor  of  Maine,  Jan 
uary  7, 1857,  resigning  his  seat  in  the  Sen 
ate  and  being  inaugurated  Governor  the 
same  day.  On  the  sixteenth  of  the  same 
month  was  re-elected  United  States  Sen 
ator  for  six  years,  and  resigned  the  office 
of  Governor,  February  20,  1857.  He 
served  as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on 
Commerce  and  on  the  District  of  Colum 
bia.  In  I860  he  was  nominated  by  the 
Republican  party  as  their  candidate  for  the 
office  of  Vice-President,  and  was  elected. 
In  1865  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Johnson,  Collector  of  Customs  for  the 
port  of  Boston. 

Hammet,     William   J".  —  He  was 

born  in  Virginia;  studied  divinity;  was 
Chaplain  of  the  University  of  Virginia, 
when  he  finished  his  education ;  was  at  one 
time  Chaplain  of  Congress ;  and  a  Repre- 


170 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


sentative  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi, 
from  1843  to  1845. 

Hammond,  Edward.  —  He  was 
born  in  Maryland,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1849  to  1853. 

Hammond,  JTabez  Z>. — He  was  a 

lawyer  and  popular  political  writer  of  New 
York ;  did  not  receive  a  collegiate  educa 
tion,  but  Union  College  conferred  on  him 
the  degree  of  A.M.  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  New  York,  from 
1815  to  1817,  and,  on  the  expiration  of  his 
term,  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate, 
of  which  he  was  a  member  until  1821.  He 
visited  Europe,  in  1830,  to  restore  his 
health.  He  was  elected  County  Judge  in 
1838,  and  about  that  time  commenced  his 
"Political  History  of  the  State  of  New 
York."  In  1845  he  was  elected  to  succeed 
Mr.  Van  Buren  as  a  Regent  of  the  Uni 
versity  of  New  York,  and  held  the  office 
until  his  death.  After  his  return  from 
Europe,  having  withdrawn  in  a  measure 
from  public  and  professional  life,  he  de 
voted  himself  to  literary  pursuits,  and  pub 
lished  works  entitled  "Julius  Melbourn," 
"The  Political  History  of  New  York," 
and  the  "  Life  and  Times  of  Silas  Wright." 
He  died,  August  18, 1855,  in  Cherry  Valley, 
New  York,  his  place  of  residence. 

Hammond,  James  H. — Born  in 
Newbury  District,  South  Carolina,  No 
vember  15,  1807;  graduated  at  the  State 
College,  Columbia,  in  1827 ;  practised  law 
from  1828  to  1830 ;  was  editor  of  the  "South 
ern  Times ;"  served  his  native  State  in  Con 
gress,  from  1835  to  1837;  after  which  he 
visited  Europe  for  his  health.  In  1841  he 
was  appointed  a  General  of  Militia;  and  in 
1842  elected  Governor  of  South  Carolina. 
After  spending  about  fifteen  years  in  the 
quiet  enjoyment  of  his  plantation  on  the 
Savannah  River,  devoting  himself  to  ag 
ricultural  and  literary  pursuits,  he  was,  in 
November,  1857,  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  place  of  A.  P.  Butler,  but 
withdrew  in  December,  1860.  He  died  at 
his  residence,  November  13,  1864. 

Hammond,  Robert  IT.— He  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1841.  Died  June  2, 1847. 

Hammond,  Samuel.—  Born  in  Rich 
mond  County,  Virginia,  September  21, 
1757 ;  received  as  good  an  education  as  the 
country  afforded  at  the  time.  When  quite 
young  he  volunteered  in  an  expedition 
against  the  Indians  under  Governor  Dun- 
more,  and  acquired  distinction  at  the  battle 
of  the  Kanawha.  When  the  Revolution 
broke  out  he  displa}red  great  bravery  and 
ability  at  the  battle  of  Long  Bridge,  at  the 
siege  of  Savannah,  where  he  was  made 
Assistant  Quartermaster ;  at  the  battle  of 


Black  Stocks,  where  he  had  three  horses 
shot  from  under  him,  and  was  wounded. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  "Council  of  Capitu 
lation"  at  Charleston ;  was  at  the  battle  of 
King's  Mountain.  He  was  also  at  the  siege 
of  Augusta;  at  the  battle  of  Cowpens  ;  the 
battle  of  Eutaw,  where  he  was  again  badly 
wounded;  and  also  at  many  others.  After 
the  war  he  settled  at  Savannah,  and  held 
many  positions  of  trust  and  honor;  in  1793 
he  headed  a  volunteer  corps,  and  did  good 
service  in  the  Creek  country;  served  a 
number  of  years  in  the  Georgia  Legisla 
ture  ;  was  one  of  the  early  Governors  of  the 
State;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1803  to 
1805.  He  was  also  appointed,  by  President 
Jefferson,  Military  and  Civil  Commandant 
of  Upper  Louisiana;  and  Receiver  of  Pub 
lic  Money  in  Missouri.  He  was  also  Presi 
dent  of  the  Bank  of  St.  Louis.  In  1824, 
he  returned  to  South  Carolina,  and  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that  State ; 
was  appointed  Surveyor-General;  and  in 
1831,  Secretary  of  State.  He  retired  from 
public  life  in  1835,  and  died  September  11, 
1842,  leaving  behind  a  brilliant  reputation 
both  as  a  patriot  and  as  a  man. 

Hammons,  David.— He  was  born  in 
Oxford  County,  Maine,  in  1807;  received 
a  limited  education ;  studied  law  and  com 
menced  the  practice  in  Lovell,  Oxford 
County,  in  1836 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Senate  of  Maine  in  1840  and  1841 ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Maine, 
from  1847  to  1849.  Now  living  in  Bethel, 
Maine,  devoted  to  his  profession. 

Hammons,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1829  to  1833;  and  died 
at  Farmingtou,  in  that  State,  April,  1836. 

Hamilton,  James  G.—lle  was  born 
in  New  Jersey;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1835 ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  his  native  State,  from 
1845  to  1849. 

Hampton,  Moses. — Born  in  Beaver 
County,  Pennsylvania,  October  28,  1803, 
but  removed  with  his  father  to  Trumbull 
County,  Chio,  so  that  his  opportunities  for 
even  a  common-school  education  were  lim 
ited;  he,  however,  by  his  own  exertions, 
obtained  a  classical  education,  and  gradu 
ated  at  Washington  College,  Pennsylvania. 
He  studied  law  at  Uniontown,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced 
to  practise  in  Somerset,  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  remained  until  1838,  and  then 
went  to  Pittsburg,  and  pursued  the  prac 
tice  of  his  profession.  From  1847  to  1851, 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Pennsylvania,  and  declined  a  re-election. 
In  1853,  he  was  elected  President  Judge  of 
the  District  Court  for  Alleghany  County, 
and  still  holds  that  office. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS 


171 


Hampton,  Wade. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  in  1775;  he  took  an  active 
part  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  that  State 
from  1795  to  1797,  and  from  1803  to  1805; 
a  Presidential  Elector  in  1801 ;  also  in  1829 ; 
commanded  a  brigade  in  1812  on  the  north 
ern  frontier;  he  spent  the  larger  part  of 
his  life  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits, 
by  which  he  amassed  a  very  large  fortune, 
having  been  called  the  richest  planter  in 
the  United  States ;  and  he  died  at  Colum 
bia,  South  Carolina,  February  4,  1834. 

Hanchett,  Luther.— Was  born  in 
Portage  County,  Ohio,  October,  25,  1825 ; 
received  a  good  education  at  Fremont; 
studied  law  and  commenced  the  practice 
when  twenty-one  years  of  age ;  emigrated 
to  Wisconsin  in  1849  ;  spent  some  time  en 
gaged  in  the  lead  and  lumbering  business ; 
was  four  years  District  Attorney  lor  Por- 
lage  County  in  his  adopted  State ;  from 
1856  to  1860  was  a  member  of  the  Wiscon 
sin  Senate ;  and  in  1860  he  was  elected  a 
Repi'esentative,  from  Wisconsin,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Public  Expenditures,  and 
Private  Land  Claims.  Died  at  Madison, 
Wisconsin,  November  26,  1862. 

Hancock,  John.—  Born  near  Quincy, 
Massachusetts,  in  1737;  graduated  at  Har 
vard  University  in  1754 ;  was  bred  to  com 
mercial  pursuits  in  the  counting-house  of 
an  uncle,  and  visited  Europe  in  1760,  and 
became  a  successful  merchant.  He  was 
for  many  years  one  of  the  selectmen  of 
Boston;  in  1766  went  into  the  General 
Assembly  of  the  State,  where  he  became 
distinguished  for  his  ability.  He  was 
among  the  first  to  repel  the  policy  of  Eng 
land,  and  the  first  vessel  seized  by  the  rev 
enue  officers  was  his  property.  In  1774, 
he  was  unanimously  elected  President 
of  the  Provincial  Congress,  and,  having 
been  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1775,  he  was  chosen  President 
of  that  body,  serving  as  such  two  years 
and  a  half,  and  as  a  Delegate  from  1775  to 
1780,  and  from  1785  to  1786.  He  was  the 
first  man  to  sign  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence,  and  his  peculiar  signature  is 
universally  known ;  and  he  also  signed  the 
Articles  of  Confederation.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  to  form  a  State 
Constitution ;  was  Governor  of  Massachu 
setts  for  five  years,  after  the  adoption  of 
its  Constitution,  and,  under  the  Federal 
Constitution,  from  1789  to  near  the  close 
of  the  year  1793,  when  he  died  on  the  8th 
of  October.  He  was  a  bold  and  high-toned 
patriot,  and  possessed  all  the  personal 
qualities  of  a  good  man  and  a  true  gen 
tleman. 

Hancock,  George.— lie  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1793  to  1797.  He  served  as  a  Colo 
nel  in  the  Revolution;  was  greatly  be 


loved  by  his  associates,  and  died  at 
Fotheringay,  Virginia,  August  1,  1820,  in 
the  sixty-sixth  year  of  his  age. 

Hand,  Augustus  C. — He  was  born 
in  Shoreham,  Addison  County,  Vermont, 
in  1806 ;  and,  having  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law,  settled  at  Elizabethtown, 
Essex  County,  New  York.  He  was  Sur 
rogate  of  that  County  from  1831  to  1839  ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  New 
York,  from  1839  to  1841 ;  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  from  1845  to  1848 ;  ar.d  was 
a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  from  1848 
to  1856;  after  which  he  was  wholly  de 
voted  to  the  practice  of  his  profession. 

Hand,  Edward. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Pennsylvania  1o  the  Continental 
Congress,  in  1784  and  1785. 

Hanna,  John  A.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1797  to  1805. 

Hanna,  'Robert. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  Indiana  "Constitutional  Conven 
tion  "  of  1816 ;  a  General  of  Militia ;  was  for 
many  years  in  the  State  Legislature ;  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  by 
appointment,  from  1831  to  1832 ;  took  au 
active  part  for  many  years  in  the  public 
affairs  of  his  State ;  and  was  killed  by  the 
cars,  while  walking  on  the  track  of  a  rail 
road  at  Indianapolis,  November  19,  1858. 

Hannegan,  Edward  A. —  He  was 

born  in  Ohio,  but  spent  his  boyhood  in 
Kentucky;  received  a  good  education, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
his  twenty-third  year,  settling  in  Indiana. 
He  was  frequently  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Indiana,  from  1833  to  1837, 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1843  to 
1849,  officiating  a  part  of  the  time  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Roads  and 
Canals,  and  on  Enrolled  Bills.  On  his  re 
tirement  from  the  Senate  he  was  appoint 
ed  Minister  to  Prussia,  and  on  his  return 
from  Europe  took  up  his  residence  in 
Missouri.  He  died  at  St.  Louis,  February 
25,  1859. 

Hanson,   Alexander   Contee.  — 

He  was  a  lawyer  by  profession;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1789  and  1793; 
and  at  one  time  edited  a  political  newspa 
per  called  the  "  Federal  Republican,"  first 
at  Baltimore  and  then  at  Georgetown,  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia.  He  was  a  bitter  oppo 
nent  of  the  administration,  and  in  1812 
published  an  article  which  so  irritated  the 
populace  that  his  printing-office  in  Balti 
more  was  destroyed.  He  resolved  to  re 
issue  the  paper,  and  took  possession  of  a 
house  for  that  purpose,  supported  by  sev 
eral  political  friends,  well  armed ;  the 
paper  appeared  next  morning  with  an  ar 
ticle  against  the  people  and  police  of 


172 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Baltimore,  and  in  the  evening  the  house 
was  attacked  by  a  mob,  which  was,  how 
ever,  repelled;  but  Mr.  Hanson  and  his 
friends  were  obliged  to  surrender  to  the 
civil  authorities  for  security,  and  were 
conducted  to  jail.  That  building  was  also 
attacked,  and  he  was  thrown  in  front  of 
the  jail,  with  others,  and  left  by  the  mob, 
supposed  to  be  dead.  Then  it  was  that 
he  issued  his  paper  in  Georgetown.  He 
afterwards  settled  in  Baltimore,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
serving  from  1813  to  1816,  when  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  of  the  United  States 
from  Maryland.  He  died  at  Belmont, 
April  23,  1819,  aged  thirty-three  years. 

Hanson,  J~o7m.  —  He  was  distin 
guished  as  a  friend  of  his  country,  and  was 
a  Delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1781  to  1783 ;  Presi 
dent  of  that  body  during  the  first  session, 
and  a  signer  of  the  Articles  of  Confeder 
ation.  He  died  in  1783. 

Haralson,  Hugh  A.  —  Born  in 
Greene  County,  Georgia,  November  13, 
1805.  He  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Georgia  in  1825,  and  adopted  the  law  as  a 
profession,  having,  by  an  act  of  the  Legis 
lature,  been  permitted  to  practise  before 
he  was  twenty-one.  He  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  Georgia  Legisla 
ture,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1843  to  1851.  He  died  at  home  in 
October,  1854.  He  also  participated  in 
the  military  affairs  of  the  State,  and  was  a 
Major-General  of  Militia;  and  when  in 
Congress  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Military  Affairs. 

Sard,  Gideon.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1833  to  1837,  and  a  State  Senator 
from  1842  to  1847. 

Hardeman,  Thomas,  Jr.— lie  was 
born  in  Bibb  County,  Georgia,  January  12, 
1825,  and  elected  a  Representative  from 
that  State  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Mileage. 
He  had  before  served  in  the  State  Legis 
lature.  Joined  the  great  Rebellion  in 
1861. 

Hardin,  Benjamin. — He  was  born 
in  Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Kentucky,  from  1815  to  1817,  from 
1819  to  1823,  and  again  from  1833  to  1837, 
and  died  at  Bardstown,  Kentucky,  Sep 
tember  24,  1852. 

Hardin,  John  J".  —  He  was  born  at 
Frankfort,  Kentucky,  in  1810;  was  the  son 
of  M.  D.  Hardin,  previously  a  member  of 
Congress.  He  graduated  at  the  Transyl 
vania  University ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law;  and,  having  removed  to  Illinois, 
located  in  Jacksonville,  where  he  prac 


tised  his  profession  with  success.  He 
held  the  olfice  of  Prosecuting  Attorney 
for  his  Circuit;  was  a  member  of  the  Illi 
nois  Legislature  from  1836  to  1842 ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Illinois, 
from  1843  to  1845 ;  and  he  commanded  a 
regiment  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  and  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista,  while 
leading  his  men  in  the  final  charge,  with 
heroic  gallantry,  February  23,  1847. 

Hardin,  Martin  J). — He  was  born 
on  the  Monougahela  River,  Western  Penn 
sylvania,  June  21, 1780.  He  was  educated 
chiefly  at  Transylvania  Seminary,  in  Ken 
tucky;  studied  law;  served  for  several 
years  in  the  Legislature  of  Kentucky ;  was 
at  one  time  Secretary  of  State  for  Ken 
tucky  ;  served  in  the  North-western  army 
as  a  Major;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  during  the  years  1816  and  1817.  He 
had  a  superior  mind,  and  as  a  lawyer 
was  eminently  successful.  He  died  in 
Franklin  County,  Kentucky,  October  8, 
1823. 

Harding,  Aaron.  —  Was  born  in 
Greene  County,  Kentucky;  spent  his  boy 
hood  on  a  farm ;  studied  law,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1833,  locating  in  Greene  County ; 
in  1840  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legis 
lature,  and  in  1861  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Territories.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  'the 
Committee  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post 
Roads.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Banking  and  Currency,  and  Invalid  Pen 
sions.  He  was  also  a  delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  1866. 

Harding,  Abner  C.— Born  in  East 
Hampton,  Middlesex  County,  Connecticut, 
February  10,  1807;  was  educated  chiefly 
at  'Hamilton  Academy,  New  York;  prac 
tised  law  in  Oneida  County,  of  that  State, 
and  fifteen  years  in  Illinois ;  managed  farms 
in  that  State  for  twenty-five  years ;  was 
a  member  of  the  Illinois  "  Constitutional 
Convention"  of  1848;  served  in  the  State 
Legislature  in  1848-'49  and  1850 ;  was  for 
ten  years  engaged  in  managing  railroads. 
In  1862  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the 
Eighty-third  Illinois  Infantry,  and,  having 
been  appointed  its  Colonel,  served  with 
success  at  Fort  Donelson ;  was  made  a 
Brigadier-General,  and  had  command  at 
Murfreesboro'  in  1863,  and  in  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Illinois  to 
the  thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Manufactures,  and  on  the 
Militia.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  the 
Union  Prisoners,  Claims,  and  the  Militia. 

Harding,  Benjamin  F.—  Born  in 
Wyoming  County,  Pennsylvania,  January 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


173 


4,  1823 ;  studied  law  in  liis  native  county, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1847 ;  emigrated  to 
Illinois  in  1848,  and  during;  the  following 
year  settled  in  Oregon ;  in  1850  was  chosen 
a  member  of  the  Legislative  Assembly;  in 
1851  was  Chief  Clerk  of  the  Legislative 
Assembly ;  in  1852  was  chosen  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  and  made  Speaker.  In 
1853  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Pierce, 
United  States  District  Attorney  for  the 
Territory  of  Oregon ;  in  1854  was  ap 
pointed  Secretary  of  the  Territory,  which 
office  he  held  until  Oregon  was  admitted 
as  a  State.  From  18.59  to  18G2  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature,  serving 
the  two  last  years  as  Speaker;  and  in  18G2 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  Oregon,  taking  his  seat  during  the 
third  session  of  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  oil  Naval 
Affairs,  and  that  on  Public  Lauds. 

Hardy,  Samuel. — lie  was  a  Dele- 
pate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
Virginia,  from  1783  to  1785. 

Saving,  John.— lie  was  a  Delegate, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1774  to  1775,  and  again  from 
1785  to  178S. 

Ifarlan,  Aaron. — He  was  born  in 
Warren  County,  Ohio,  September  8,  1802; 
received  a  good  English  education;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law,  and  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1825 ;  in  1831  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature, 
and  in  1838  and  1839  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate;  was  a  Presidential  Elector, 
in  1844,  from  Ohio;  in  1849  was  again 
elected  to  the  State  Senate;  in  1850  was  a 
member  of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  ; "  and  in  1852  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  Ohio, 
where  he  continued  to  serve  the  people  of 
his  native  district  until  the  close  of  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Private  Land 
Claims. 

Harlan,  Andreiv  J. — He  was  born 
in  Chester,  Clinton  County,  Ohio,  March 
29,  1815;  received  a  limited  education; 
studied  law,  but  abandoned  the  practice 
for  politics.  In  1842  he  was  elected  Clerk 
of  the  Indiana  House  of  Representatives ; 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1S46, 
1847,  and  1848 ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from 
1849  to  1851,  and  again  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Sarlan,  James. — Born  in  Mercer 

County,  Kentucky,  June  22,  1800;  re 
ceived  a  good  English  education,  and  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  from  1817  to 
1821.  He  then  commenced  the  study  of  the 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823. 
In  1829  he  was  appointed  Prosecuting 
Attorney  for  the  Circuit  in  which  he  re 


sided,  and  held  the  office  four  years.  In  1835 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Kentucky,  and  in  1837  was  re- 
elected  ;  during  the  last  session  he  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  for  Investigat 
ing  Defalcations.  From  1840  to  1844  he  was 
Secretary  of  State  of  Kentucky,  and  was 
a  Presidential  Elector  in  1841.  In  1845 
he  was  elected  to  the  lower  branch  of 
the  Legislature ;  and  in  1850  he  was  ap 
pointed  Attorney-General  of  that  State, 
which  office  he  held  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  Frankfort,  Kentucky,  Feb 
ruary  18,  1863. 

Harlan,  James.— He  was  born  in 
Clarke  County,  Illinois,  August  25,  1820; 
graduated  at  the  Indiana  Asbury  Univer 
sity  in  1845 ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  was  Superiutendant  of  Public  In 
struction  for  Iowa  in  1847 ;  was  President 
of  the  Iowa  Wesleyan  University  in  1853; 
and  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  Iowa  in  1855,  serving  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lands.  On 
the  12th  of  January,  1857,  because  of  in 
formality  in  his  appointment,  and  after 
long  debate,  his  seat  was  declared  vacant ; 
but  on  the  17th  of  the  same  month  he  was 
elected  by  the  Legislature  for  the  term 
ending  in  1861.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  "Peace  Convention"  of  1861.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term 
ending  in  1867.  In  March,  1865,  he  was 
invited  by  President  Lincoln  to  succeed 
Mr.  Usher  as  Secretary  of  the  Interior  De 
partment.  After  the  death  of  President 
Lincoln  he  waived  his  right  to  a  seat  in 
the  cabinet  of  President  Johnson,  but  the 
appointment  of  the  former  was  con 
firmed  by  the  latter,  and  on  the  15th  of 
May,  1865,  he  resigned  his  seat  in  the 
Senate  and  entered  upon  his  duties  as 
Secretary  of  the  Interior.  In  January, 
I860,  he  was  again  re-elected  to  the  Senate 
for  the  term  commencing  in  1867  and  end 
ing  in  1873,  and  in  July  he  resigned  his 
position  as  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  the 
resignation  to  take  effect  in  the  September 
following.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' Convention  "  of 
1866.  In  1867  he  was  made  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  the  District  of  Colum 
bia,  serving  on  those  on  Foreign  Relations, 
Post  Office,  and  Pacific  Railroad. 

Harmanson,  John  H.—  Born  in 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  iu  January,  1803.  He 
was  educated  at  Jefferson  College,  Mis 
sissippi,  and,  having  removed  to  Louisi 
ana,  devoted  himself  first  to  one  of  the 
mechanic  arts,  then  to  law,  and  afterwards 
to  agriculture.  He  served  in  the  State 
Senate  in  1844;  and  was  elected  to  the 
National  House  of  Representatives  in 
1845,  and  re-elected  in  1847  and  1849,  ever 
keeping  a  watchful  eye  upon  the  interests 
of  his  adopted  State,  and  proposed  in 
Congress  a  project  to  secure  a  grant  from 
the  United  States  to  Louisiana  of  all  the 


174 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


submerged  lands  in  that  State,  with  a 
view  to  their  redemption  from  that  con 
dition,  and  thus  promoting  the  public 
health.  He  died  in  New  Orleans,  October 
25,  1850. 

Harnett,    Cornelius.— KG    was   a 

Delegate,  from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  from  1777  to  1780,  and 
signed  the  Articles  of  Confederation. 

Harper,  Alexander.— He  was  born 
in  Ireland,  and,  having  emigrated  to  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1837  to  1839,  from  1843  to  1847,  and 
again  from  1851  to  1853. 

Harper,  Francis  J. — He  was  elect 
ed  a  member  of  Congress  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat, 
March  18,  1837,  aged  thirty-eight  years. 

Harper,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Ireland,  and,  having  emigrated  to  Penn 
sylvania,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1833  to  1837. 

Harper,  John  A. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1811  to  1813. 

Harper,  Joseph  M.— Born  in  Lim 
erick,  Maine,  June  21,  1787;  commenced 
active  life  by  working  on  his  father's  farm 
in  summer,  and  going  to  the  district 
school  in  winter ;  he  was  also  at  the  Frye- 
burg  Academy,  and  taught  school;  he 
studied  medicine  and  law  and  practised 
both  professions;  and  he  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1831  to  1835.  In  1858  was 
President  of  the  Mechanics'  Bank,  Con 
cord.  For  a  short  time  in  1831  he  offi 
ciated  as  Acting  Governor  of  New  Hamp 
shire.  Died  in  Canterbury,  N.  H.,  Jan 
uary  14,  1865. 

Harper,  Robert  G.—Ue  was  born 
near  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  in  1765; 
was  a  graduate  of  Princeton  College  in 
1785,  and  for  a  time  a  teacher  in  that  in 
stitution;  removing  to  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  he  studied  law  and  Avas  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  of  that  State ;  he  was  a 
leading  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
South  Carolina,  from  1794  to  1801;  he 
subsequently  removed  to  Baltimore,  Ma 
ryland,  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  during  the  years  1815  and 
1816;  in  1819  he  visited  Europe,  and,  on 
his  return,  devoted  himself  to  the  cause 
of  the  Colonization  Society  and  to  liter 
ary  pursuits,  publishing  a  number  of  in 
teresting  addresses  and  papers,  which 
were  subsequently  collected  in  a  volume. 
He  served  with  credit  in  the  war  of  1812, 
having  attained  the  rank  of  Major-Gen 
eral.  He  died  suddenly,  January  15, 
1826,  having  been  engaged  the  preceding 
day  in  the  Circuit  Court. 


Harper,  William. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  South  Carolina;  born  January  17, 
1790;  graduated  at  the  South  Carolina 
College  in  1808,  and  became  one  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  that  institution  in 
1813;  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
served  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
elected  Speaker  of  the  lower  house.  He 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  during  the  year  1826,  and  was 
appointed  Chancellor  of  that  State  in 
1835.  He  was,  in  1830,  elected  a  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  and  for  a  time 
State  Reporter.  For  domestic  reasons, 
he  spent  a  few  years  in  Missouri,  from 
1818  to  1823,  and  while  in  that  State  was 
made  Chancellor  of  the  State.  He  was 
an  eminent  jurist,  and  died  October  10, 
1847. 

Harrington,     Henry    W.  —  Was 

born  in  Otsego  County,  New  York,  Sep 
tember  12,  1825;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1849 ;  in  1856  he  took  up  his 
residence  in  Indiana,  and  continued  the 
prosecution  of  his  profession  there ;  after 
serving  in  a  local  Convention  he  was 
chosen  a  delegate  to  the  Charleston  Con 
vention  in  1860 ;  and  in  1862  lie  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  Indiana,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims.  He 
was  subsequently  appointed  an  Assessor 
of  Internal  Revenue  in  Indiana. 

Harris,  Benjamin  Gwinn.—Born 

near  Leonardtovvn,  St.  Mary's  County, 
Maryland,  December  13,  1806;  after  re 
ceiving  an  academical  education  at  Char 
lotte  Hall,  he  spent  a  few  months  in  St. 
Mary's  College,  and  went  to  Yale  College, 
from  which  he  was  dismissed  with  one 
hundred  and  forty  others,  in  1829,  on  ac 
count  of  their  seceding  from  Commons 
Hall ;  and  although  a  compact  was  en 
tered  into  that  they  would  not  return  un 
less  their  wishes  were  respected,  all  of 
them  did  return,  excepting  Mr.  Harris 
and  one  other,  a  Georgian.  He  subse 
quently  spent  fourteen  months  at  the 
Cambridge  Law  School,  and  then  settled 
in  his  native  county  as  a  lawyer.  In  1832 
he  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates 
of  Maryland,  and  re-elected  in  1833,  1836, 
1849,  1852,  and  1856.  With  his  profession 
and  public  duties  he  ever  combined  agri 
cultural  pursuits;  and  in  1863  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Maryland, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  011  Manufactures.  He  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Convention  "of 
1864.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress.  In  May,  1865,  he  was  arrested  and 
tried  by  Court-Martial  for  violating  the 
56th  article  of  war,  and, although  declared 
guilty,  the  President,  on  account  of  ad 
ditional  testimony,  ordered  the  sentence 
of  the  court  to  be  remitted  in  full. 

Harris,  diaries  M. — He  was  born 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


175 


in  Munfordsville,  Hart  County,  Kentucky, 
April  10,  1821 ;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
and,  having  become  a  citizen  of  Illinois, 
he  was  elected,  in  1862,  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Pub 
lic  Expenditures  and  on  Expenditures  in 
the  War  Department. 

Harris ,  Ira. — He  was  born  in 
Charleston,  Montgomery  County,  New 
York,  May  31,  1802,  tracing  his  lineage  to 
the  colony  of  Roger  Williams ;  when  a 
boy  he  labored  upon  a  farm  in  summer, 
and  attended  school  in  winter;  in  his 
seventeenth  year  he  entered  Cortlaud 
Academy  to  prepare  for  college;  gradu 
ated  at  Union  College  in  1824;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Albany,  where  he  settled.  For  seventeen 
years  "he  devoted  his  whole  attention  to 
his  profession,  in  which  he  was  eminently 
successful,  avoiding  all  political  entangle 
ments.  In  1844  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  re-elected  in  1845 ;  was 
a  Delegate  in  184G  to  the  Convention  for 
revising  the  Constitution  of  the  State ; 
before  the  Convention  adjourned  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate;  in  1847  he 
•was  elected  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
and  held  the  position  twelve  years  and  a 
half;  and  in  1861  he  was  elected,  for  six 
years,  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  New 
York,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Private  Laud  Claims,  and  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  the  Judiciary, 
Foreign  Relations,  and  Public  Lands.  He 
•was  a  member  of  the  Special  Joint  Com 
mittee  on  the  Rebellious  States.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  National  Committee 
appointed  to  accompany  the  remains  of 
President  Lincoln  to  Illinois.  During  his 
sojourn  in  Washington  he  delivered  an 
occasional  Lecture  before  the  Law  Stu 
dents  of  Columbian  College  by  invitation 
of  the  Faculty.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' Conven 
tion"  of  1806,  and  to  the  "  State  Constitu 
tional  Contention"  of  1867. 

Harris,  IsJiam  G.—  He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1853.  Was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1856 ; 
also  Governor  from  1857  to  1861.  Took 
part  in  the  Rebellion,  after  which  he 
settled  in  Liverpool  as  a  merchant. 

Harris,  J.  Morrison.— Born  in  the 
City  of  Baltimore,  in  1821;  was  educated 
at  Lafayette  College,  Pennsylvania,  and 
studied  law,  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1843.  He  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1848,  and  in  1855  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Maryland,  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  and  returned  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  in  1857,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Mileage.  Also  elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on 


the  Committee  on  Naval  Affiiirs.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Na 
tional  Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

Harris,  John.— lie  was  born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1807  to  1809. 

Harris,  John  T.—  Born  in  Albemarle 
County,  Virginia,  in  1823 ;  received  a  good 
English  education,  going  to  school  aud 
working  on  his  father's  farm  alternately; 
taught  school  for  a  while;  studied  law, 
and  was  licensed  to  practise  in  1845 ;  was 
a  State  Elector  in  1848,  1851,  and  1855;  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1852  and  1856; 
was  twice  elected  Attorney  for  the  Com 
monwealth  ;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Virginia,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Expenditures  on  the  Public  Buildings. 

Harris,  Marie.  —  He  was  born  in 
Ipswich,  Massachusetts,  in  1779 ;  removed 
to  Portland  in  1800 ;  went  into  trade  as  a 
grocer ;  took  an  active  part  in  politics ; 
held  the  offices  of  County  and  State 
Treasurer  for  twenty  years ;  was  a  State 
Senator  in  1816  and  1819 ;  a  State  Coun 
cillor  in  1820;  served  also  in  the  State 
Legislature ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1822  to  1823, 
for  the  unexpired  term  of  E.  Whitman. 
Died  in  New  York,  March  2,  1843. 

Harris,  Robert.— He  was  born  in 
Dauphin  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1823  to  1827. 

Harris,  Sampson  W.  —  Born  in 
Elbert  County,  Georgia,  February  23, 
1809,  and  died  in  Washington  City,  April 
1,  1857.  He  graduated  at  Franklin  Col 
lege  in  1828;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  served  one  term  in  the  Georgia 
Legislature,  and  then  removed  to  Ala 
bama.  He  was  there  appointed  Prose 
cuting  Attorney  for  the  State;  and  in 
1847  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Alabama,  where  he  con 
tinued  until  his  death. 

Harris,  Thomas  K.—lle  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten- 
nesee,  from  1813  to  1815. 

Harris,  Thomas  L.—He  was  born 
in  Norwich,  Connecticut,  October  29, 
1816;  graduated  at  Trinity  College,  Hart 
ford,  in  1841 ;  studied  law,  in  Connecticut, 
with  Governor  Isaac  Toucey;  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  in  Virginia,  in  1842,  and 
during  that  year  commenced  the  practice 
of  his  profession  in  Petersburg,  Menard 
County,  Illinois.  In  1845  he  was  chosen 
School  Commissioner  for  his  county;  and 
in  1846  he  raised  and  commanded  a  com 
pany,  and  joined  the  Fourth  Regiment  of 
Illinois  Volunteers  to  serve  in  the  war 


17G 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


with  Mexico;  he  was  afterwards  elected 
Major  of  the  regiment,  and,  owing  to  the 
sickness  of  his  superior  officers,  was  chief 
in  command  during  most  of  the  campaign. 
He  was  at  the  taking  of  Vera  Cruz,  and 
served  in  the  navy  battery  with  a  detach 
ment  during  the  day  of  its  terrible  fire ; 
was  also  at  Cerro  Gordo,  and,  after  the 
wounding  of  General  Shields,  took  com 
mand  of  the  regiment,  and  was  honorably 
mentioned  in  government  despatches,  for 
placing  a  twenty-four  pounder  battering 
cannon  on  the  heights  of  Cerro  Gordo, 
during  the  night  preceding  the  battle. 
While  absent  in  the  army,  in  1846,  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  the  Illinois  Legisla 
ture,  and  in  1848  was  chosen  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  serving  through  the 
Thirty-first,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congr'ess;  during  his  second 
term  he  officiated  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Elections.  He  took  a  special 
interest  in  the  election  in  Illinois  when  he 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress  ;  and  it  is  supposed  that,  owing  to 
his  declining  health,  the  efforts  he  made  to 
attend  the  polls  were  the  more  immediate 
cause  of  his  death,  which  occurred  at 
Springfield,  Illinois,  November  24,  1858. 
His  disease  was  pulmonary  consumption. 

"Harris,  W.  L. — He  was  appointed, 
by  the  acting  Governor  of  Mississippi,  in 
1851,  to  fill  a  vacancy  in  the  United  States 
Senate,  caused  by  the  resignation  of  J. 
Davis ;  but  it  does  not  appear,  from  the 
Journal  of  the  Senate,  that  he  took  his 
seat. 

Harris,  Wiley  J*.— He  was  born  in 
Mississippi,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855.  Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Harris,  William  A.  —He  was  born 
in  Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  August  8, 
1805;  received  a  classical  education;  he 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  prac 
tised  it  for  ten  years ;  he  was  twice  elected 
to  ^he  Legislature  of  Virginia;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1841 ;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1841  to  1843.  He  was  editor, 
for  several  years,  of  a  journal  called  the 
"  Spectator,"  and  subsequently  of  the 
"  Constitution,"  published  in  Washington ; 
and  in  1845  he  was  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Polk,  Charge  d'Affaires  to  Buenos 
Ayres,  where  he  remained  until  1851. 
After  the  election  of  Mr.  Buchanan  to  the 
Presidency,  he  became  the  editor  and  pro 
prietor  of  the  "  Washington  Union," 
which  continued  in  his  possession  until  he 
was  elected  Printer  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  which  office  he  held  for  two  years. 
In  1854  he  removed  to  Missouri,  and  died 
in  Pike  County,  March  28,  18G4. 

Harrison,  Albert  G.  — -  He  was  a 
native  of  Kentucky ;  a  lawyer  by  profes 


sion  ;  and  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
Missouri,  from  1835  to  1839.  He  died  at 
Fulton,  Missouri,  September  7,  1839, 
highly  esteemed. 

Harrison,    Benjamin.— Born    in 

Berkeley  County,  Virginia ;  was  educated 
at  the  College  of  William  and  Mary ;  after 
performing  important  duties  on  local  com 
mittees,  he  was  elected  to  the  Williams- 
burg  Convention  of  1774;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1774  to 
1778,  and  signed  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence;  in  1775  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Richmond  Convention;  took  an  important 
part  in  organizing  means  of  defence; 
while  in  Congress  he  served  conspicuously 
on  the  most  important  committees,  and 
was  very  popular  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  of  the  Whole.  He  was  a  Council 
lor  of  Virginia  under  the  new  form  of 
government ;  and  he  was  considered  a  co 
lossus  in  the  cause  of  liberty  and  human 
rights.  He  was  a  member  and  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Burgesses;  in  1782  he 
was  elected  Governor  of  Virginia,  and 
twice  re-elected;  subsequently  served  in 
the  Legislature;  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  called  to  ratify  the  Federal 
Constitution;  and  he  died  in  April,  1791. 
He  was  the  warm  personal  friend  of 
Washington,  and  the  father  of  President 
William  Henry  Harrison. 

Harrison,  Carter  B.—He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1793  to  1799. 

Harrison,   JoJin    Scott.— Re  was 

born  in  Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1857.  He  was  the  son  of  William  Henry 
Harrison. 

Harrison,    Richard  A.— He  was 

born  in  England  in  1827,  and  emigrated 
to  Ohio  in  1836;  received  a  good  English 
education ;  served  for  a  time  in  a  printing- 
office  in  Clarke  County ;  graduated  at  the 
Cincinnati  Law  School  in  1846 ;  in  1857, 
he  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  House  of  Rep 
resentatives;  subsequently  to  the  State 
Senate ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Invalid  Pensions  and  the  Militia. 

Harrison,  S.  S. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1833 
to  1837. 

Harrison,     William.— He   was    a 

Delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  from  1785  to  1787. 

Harrison,  William  Henri/.— Was 

born  in  Charles  County, Virginia.  February 
9,  1773 ;  was  educated  at  Hampeu  Sydney 
College,  and  afterwards  studied  medicine. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


177 


lie  received  from  Washington  n  military 
commission  in  1791,  and  fought  under 
Wayne  in  1792.  After  the  battle  of  Miami 
Ilapids,  he  was  made  Captain  and  placed 
in  command  of  Fort  Washington.  In  1797 
he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the  North 
west  Territory;  and  in  1799  and  1800  he 
was  a  Delegate  to  Congress.  Being  ap 
pointed  Governor  of  Indiana,  he  was  also 
Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs,  and  ne 
gotiated  thirteen  treaties.  He  gained  a 
great  victory  in  the  battle  of  Tippecanoe, 
November  7,  1811.  In  the  war  with  Great 
Britain  he  was  Commander  of  the  North 
west  army,  and  was  distinguished  in  the 
defence  of  Fort  Meigs,  and  the  victory  of 
the  Thames.  From  181Gto  1819  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  Ohio ;  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1821  and  1825;  and 
from  1825  to  1828  United  States  Senator. 
In  1828  he  was  Minister  to  the  Republic 
of  Colombia;  and  on  his  return  he  resided 
upon  his  farm,  at  North  Bend,  Ohio;  In 
1840  he  was  elected  President  of  the  Uni 
ted  States,  by  234  votes  out  of  294,  and 
inaugurated  March  4,  1841.  He  died  in 
the  Presidential  mansion,  April  4,  1841. 

Hart,  Emanuel  B.  —Born  in  New 
York  City,  October  29, 1811 ;  entered  early 
upon  a  mercantile  occupation;  went  to 
the  Spanish  Main  as  a  supercargo,  and 
settled  in  New  York  as  a  commission  mer 
chant;  served  for  a  time  in  the  Board  of 
Aldermen ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1851  to  1853 ;  he  was  at  one 
time  a  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  State 
Militia ;  and  was  appointed,  by  President 
Buchanan,  Surveyor  of  the  Port  of  New 
York.  Mr.  Hart  has  also  frequently  been  a 
member  of  the  State  and  National  Conven 
tions  of  the  Democratic  party. 

Hart,  John.  —  Born  in  Hopewell, 
Huuterdou  County,  New  Jersey,  in  1715 ; 
received  a  good  plain  education;  was  a 
farmer  by  occupation;  frequently  served 
in  the  Colonial  Legislature ;  and  he  was  a 
Delegate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1774  to  1776,  and 
was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence.  Died  in  1780. 

Hart,  Hoswell. — Born  in  Rochester, 
New  York,  in  1824;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1843 ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  but  never  prac 
tised  the  profession;  devoted  himself  to 
mercantile  pursuits,  and  in  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Indian  Affairs,  Ex 
penditures  in  the  State  Department,  and 
the  District  of  Columbia.  He  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Hartley,  TJiomas.—Hc  was  born  in 

Reading,  Pennsylvania;    served    in    the 

Revolutionary  war  as  a  Colonel  from  1776 

to  1779 ;  was  a  lawyer  of  eminence ;  and 

12 


a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1789  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  York,  Pennsylvania,  in  1800. 
He  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locat 
ing  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Po 
tomac. 

Harvey,  Jonathan.— lie  was  born 
in  Merrimack  County,  New  Hampshire; 
served  seven  years  in  the  two  houses  of 
the  State  Legislature ;  was  President  of 
the  Senate  from  1817  to  1823;  was  a  State 
Councillor  from  1823  to  1825 ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1825  to  1831,  during  his  last 
term  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Commerce.  Died  in  Sutton,  New 
Hampshire,  August  23, 1859,  aged  seventy- 
nine  years. 

Harvey,  Matthew.— He  was  born 
in  Hillsborough  County,  Hew  Hampshire, 
in  1781,  and  was  for  many  years  a  member 
of  the  New  Hampshire  Legislature ;  Speak 
er  of  the  House  from  1818  to  1821,  and 
President  of  the  Senate  from  1825  to  1828 ; 
a  State  Councillor  in  1828 ;  Governor  of 
the  State  in  1830;  and  in  1831  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  United  States  Dis 
trict  Court.  His  services  as  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 
were  rendered  from  1821  to  1825.  Died  at 
Concord,  New  Hampshire,  April  7,  18G6. 

Harvie,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1778  to  1779,  and  signed  the 
Articles  of  Confederation. 

HasbroucJc,  Abraham.— lie  was  a 

member  of  the  New  York  Assembly,  from 
Ulster  County,  in  1781  and  1782,  and  again 
in  1811;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from.  1813  to  1815 ;  and  State  Senator  iu 
1822. 

HasbroucJc,    Abraham    IS.  —  He 

graduated  at  Yale  College  iu  1810;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1825  to  1827.  He  was  a 
native  of  Ulster  County,  New  York;  but 
he  spent  a  few  years  of  his  life  in  New 
Jersey,  and  was  President  of  Rutgers  Col 
lege,  which  office  he  resigned. 

HasbroucJc,  Josiah. — He  was  for 

four  years  a  member  of  the  New  York  As 
sembly,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1803  to  1805,  and 
again  from  1817  to  1819. 

Hascall,  Augustus  P.  —  He  was 

born  in  Massachusetts ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,, 
from  1851  to  1853. 

Hashell,  William  T.— He  was  bora 
in  Tennessee ;  received  a  liberal  educa 
tion,  and  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
he  commanded,  as  CoJ.ou.el,  a  Regiment  of 


178 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOBDS. 


Tennessee  Volunteers  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  having  distinguished  himself  at 
Mcdelin  and  at  Cerro  Gordo;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1847  to  1849,  and  a  Presidential 
Elector  iu  1852.  He  died  at  Hopkiusville, 
Tennessee,  March  20,  1859. 

HasMn,  John  B.—  Born  at  Ford- 
ham,  Westchester  County,  New  York,  Au 
gust  7,  1821 ;  educated  at  a  public  school 
iu  New  York  City ;  he  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  held  several  important  city  offices 
from  184G  to  185G,  and  was  then  elected  a 
Representative,  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  officiating  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Expenditures  in 
the  Navy  Department ;  and  was  also  elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Expenditures. 

Hastings,  George. — He  was  born  in 
Clinton,  Oneicla  County,  New  York,  March 
13,  1807;  graduated  at  Hamilton  College 
in  1826 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1830;  he  was  District  Attorney 
for  Oncida  County  nine  years ;  and  he  was 
n  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1853  to  1855.  Late  in  the  latter 
year  he  was  elected  Judge  for  Livingston 
County,  which  office  he  held  until  his  death. 
Died  at  Mount  Morris,  Livingston  County, 
New  York,  August  29,  18G6. 

Hastings)  John. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1839  to  1843,  and  died  al  Columbus,  De 
cember  29,  1854. 

Hastings,  Samuel   Clinton. — He 

was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Iowa,  from  1846  to  1847.  He  was  a  law 
yer  by  profession ;  was  at  one  time  a  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Iowa;  and,  hav 
ing  emigrated  to  California,  practised  his 
profession  in  San  Francisco. 

Hastings,  Seth. — He  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1782;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  ,from  1801  to  1807.  After  his  service 
in  Congress,  he  was  elected  a  State  Sena 
tor  iu  JttlO  and  1814;  was  appointed  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Court  of  Sessions ;  and  died 
in  18.3.1,  aged  seventy  years,  at  Mendon, 
Massachusetts. 

Hastings,    William  Soden.  —  llz 

was  frequently  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Massachusetts;  in  the  Senate 
from  .18.29  to  1834;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  iu  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1842.  He  died  at  the  Sulphur 
Springs,  Virginia,  June  17,  1841-;. 

Hatch,  Israel  T. — He  was  born  in 
New  York;  was  a  member  of  the  Assem 
bly  of  that  State  in  1852 ;  and  elected  a 
Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 


gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com- 
mitee  on  the  Militia,  and  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Engraving.  In  1859  he 
was  appointed,  by  President"  Buchanan,  to 
examine  and  report  upon  the  working  of 
the  Reciprocity  Treaty,  and  a  few  weeks 
later  was  appointed  Postmaster  at  Buf 
falo. 

Hathaway,  Samuel  G.—  Born  in 
Freetown,  Bristol  County,  Massachusetts, 
July  18,  1780;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  tried  the  sea  as  a  sailor,  but 
gave  it  up ;  in  1830  he  settled  in  Chenan- 
go  County,  New  York ;  was  for  eight  years 
a  Justice  of  the  Peace;  in  1814  and  1818 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ; 
in  1822  to  the  State  Senate;  and  was  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress.  In  1852  he  was 
a  Presidential  Elector;  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  "  Cincinnati  Convention  "  of  1856 ;  was 
for  many  years  deeply  interested  in  mili 
tary  affairs,  and  attained  the  rank  of  Ma- 
jor-General  of  Militia;  and,  besides  hold 
ing  a  great  variety  of  local  offices,  became 
one  of  the  most  extensive  laud  proprietors 
and  farmers  in  his  county. 

Hathorn,  John. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  of  New  York  iu  1787; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1789  to  1791,' and  again  from 
1795  to  1797 ;  and  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  Senate  in  1804.  During  the  latter 
year  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Hatton,  Robert. — Born  in  Sumner 
County,  Tennessee,  in  1827 ;  graduated  at 
Cambridge  University;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849 ;  served  in 
the  Tennessee  Legislature  in  1856 ;  and  in 
1859  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Tennessee,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Expenses  in 
the  Navy  Department.  He  served  in  the 
Rebellion  of  1861,  and  was  killed  at  the 
battle  of  Fair  Oaks,  before  Richmond,  in 
1862. 

Haun,  H.  P.—  Born  in  Scott  Coun 
ty,  Kentucky ;  read  law  at  the  Transylva 
nia  University,  of  that  State,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  iu  1839 ;  he  was  for  a 
time  Attorney  for  his  native  county ;  re 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1845,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Convention  which  formed  the  Con 
stitution  of  that  State  iu  1846 ;  removed 
to  California  in  1850,  and  was  there  elect 
ed  a  County  Judge;  aud  in  1859  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Cali 
fornia,  for  the  unexpirecl  term  of  the  late 
Mr.  Broderick.  He  served  as  a  member 
of  the  Committees  on  Indian  Affairs  and 
on  Territories.  Died  at  Marysville,  Cali 
fornia,  May  6,  1860. 

Haven,  Nathaniel  A.— He  was  a 

native  of  New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1779 ;  was  a  mem- 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KECOBDS. 


179 


ber  of  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1809  to  1811,  and  died  March,  1831,  aged 
sixty-nine  years. 

Haven,  Solomon  G. — He  was  bora 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1857.  Died  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  De 
cember  24,  1SG1. 

Havens,  Jonathan  N.—  He  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1777,  and  was  for 
nine  years  a  member  of  the  New  York 
Assembly,  from  Suffolk  County,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  1795  to  1799, 
the  year  of  his  death. 

JIawes,  Albert  G.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1831  to  1837,  and  died  in  Davis 
County,  Kentucky,  April  14,  1849. 

Hawes,  Aylett. — Was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1811  to  1817.  He  was  a  physician  by  pro 
fession,  and  died  in  Culpepper  County, 
Virginia,  August  31,  1833. 

Halves,  Richard.—  He  was  born  in 
Caroline  County,  Virginia,  February  6, 
1797;  removed  with  his  family  to  Ken 
tucky  in  1810;  received  a  good  collegiate 
education;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  Legisla 
ture  in  1828,  1829,  and  1836 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1837  to  1841. 

HawJces,  James.— He  was  born  in 
Worcester,  Massachusetts,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1821  to  1823. 

HawJcins,    Benjamin.  —  Born    in 

Yatfs  County,  North  Carolina,  August  15, 
1754;  was  educated  at  Princeton  College; 
and  was  an  excellent  French  scholar, 
which  occasioned  his  becoming  a  person 
al  friend  of  Washington,  that  he  might 
act  as  interpreter  in  his  intercourse  with 
the  French  officers  of  his  army.  He  was 
with  him  at  the  battle  of  Mon mouth.  In 
1780  he  was  chosen  Commercial  Agent  by 
the  Legislature  of  North  Carolina;  and 
from  1781  to  1784,  and  1786  to  1787,  he 
was  a  Delegate  in  the  First  Congress; 
and  as  a  Senator  of  the  United  States, 
under  the  Constitution,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  he  served  from  1789  to  1795 ;  and, 
having  been  appointed,  by  Washington, 
Agent  for  Superintending  all  the  Indians 
south  of  the  Ohio,  he  retained  that  office 
until  his  death,  having  tendered  his  resig 
nation,  without  its  being  accepted,  to  each 
successive  President,  from  1796  to  1816. 
He  was  a  man  of  superior  abilities  and 
lofty  character,  and  left  behind  him  some 
valuable  writings  on  "  Topography "  and 
"  Indian  Character."  He  was  also  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 


Government  on  the  Potomac,  and  died 
June  6,  1816. 

HawJcins,  George  S. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and,  having  become  a  citi 
zen  of  Florida,  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses,  from  that  State,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Private  Land  Claims, 
and  on  Naval  Affairs ;  and  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Select  Committee  of  Thirty- 
three  on  the  Rebellious  States.  He  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

HawJcins,  Isaac  R.— He  was  born 
in  Maury  County,  Tennessee,  May  16, 
1818;  served  as  a  Lieutenant  in  the  war 
with  Mexico,  and  was  present  at  the  cap 
ture  of  Vera  Cruz ;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1856;  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Peace  Congress  "  of  1861 ;  was  elected  iu 
1862  a  Judge,  but,  on  account  of  the  war, 
was  not  commissioned ;  from  1862  to  18G5 
he  served  as  an  Officer  in  the  Union  Army, 
and  had  command  of  the  Seventh  Tennes 
see  Cavalry;  was  captured  by  Confeder 
ates  in  March,  1864,  and  confined  in  two 
different  prisons  in  Macon,  Georgia ;  and 
was  one  of  the  fifty  officers  placed  under 
the  fire  of  the  Federal  guns  in  Charleston; 
in  1865,  after  having  been  mustered  out, 
he  was  commissioned  Chancellor  for  the 
Sixth  Division  of  Tennessee ;  and  in  1865 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Tennessee,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  taking  his  seat  near  the 
close  of  the  first  session,  and  serving  oil 
the  Committees  on  tho  Militia,  and  the 
Debts  of  Loyal  States.  Re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Military  Affairs. 

HawJcins,  Joseph.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1829  to  1851. 

HawJcins,  Joseph  W.—  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1814  to  1815. 

HawJcins,  31.  T. — He  entered  public 
life  in  1819,  as  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons  of  North  Carolina;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  from  1823  to  1827; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
North  Carolina,  from  1831  to  1841.  He 
served  again  in  the  State  Senate  in  1846. 
He  was  also  at  one  time  a  General  of 
Militia. 

Haws,  J.  H.    Hobart.—Ue    was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1851  to  1853. 

Hay,  Andrew  K.— He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and,  having  become  a 
resident  of  New  Jersey,  was  elected  a 


180 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Representative  in  Congress,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

Hayden,  Moses.— lie  was  born  in 
Hampshire  County,  Massachusetts;  grad 
uated  at  Williams  College,  in  1804;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  State 
Senate  in  1829  and  1830,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1823  to  1827.  Died  February  14,  1830, 
aged  forty-four  years. 

Hayes,  Rutherford  B.—  Born  in 
Delaware,  Ohio,  October  4,  1822;  grad 
uated  at  Kenyon  College,  Ohio,  and  at  the 
Law  School  of  Cambridge ;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law;  was  City  Solicitor  of 
Cincinnati  from  1858  to  1861 ;  Major  and 
Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  Twenty-third 
Ohio  Volunteers  in  18G1 ;  Colonel  of  the 
same  from  1862  to  1864,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Brigadier-General,  and  during 
the  same  year  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Private  Land  Claims,  and  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  the  Library.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866,  and  of 
the  "  Soldiers'  Convention"  held  at  Pitts- 
burg  ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress;  resigned  in  the  summer  of 
1867,  and  was  soon  afterwards  elected 
Governor  of  Ohio. 

Hayes,  Samuel.  —  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

Haymond,   Thomas    S.—  He  was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
.1849  to  1851. 

Hayne,  ArtJiur  P.— He  was  born  in 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  March  12, 
1790;  received  a  good  education,  and  com 
menced  active  life  in  a  counting-house. 
He  early  formed  an  attachment  for  milita 
ry  life,  and,  on  entering  the  army,  ren 
dered  good  service  during  the  last  war 
with  England,  at  Sackett's  Harbor,  as 
First  Lieutenant;  on  the  St.  Lawrence,  as 
Major  of  Cavalry ;  in  the  Creek  Nation, 
as  Inspector-General,  and  also  at  the 
storming  of  Pensacola,  and  at  New  Or 
leans.  After  the  war  he  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Pennsylvania. 
During  the  Florida  war  he  was  again 
called  into  the  field,  and  had  command  of 
the  Tennessee  Volunteers,  and,  after  re 
ceiving  three  brevets,  retired  from  the 
army  in  1820.  He  subsequently  served 
in  the  Legislature  of  South  Carolina,  and 
was  chosen  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1828, 
voting  for  Jackson ;  and  he  was  appoint 
ed  to  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
from  South  Carolina,  in  May,  1858,  in  the 
place  of  J.  J.  Evans.  Died  iu  Charleston, 


S.  C.,  January  7,  1867.  His  brother,  R. 
Y.  Hayne,  was  also  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress. 

Hayne,  Robert  I7".— He  was  born 
near  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  Novem 
ber  10,  1791;  his  early  advantages  for 
education  were  limited;  he  studied  law 
with  Langdon  Cheves,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  before  he  was  twenty-one  years 
of  age,  attaining  a  high  rank  as  a  lawyer. 
In  the  war  of  1812  he  held  the  commis 
sion  of  Lieutenant.  In  1814  he  was  elect 
ed  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  in  1818 
Speaker,  and  was  also  Attorney-General 
of  the  State.  He  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1823,  and  con 
tinued  there  until  1832,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs. 
In  1832,  as  a  member  of  the  "  Union  and 
State  Rights  Convention  "  of  South  Car 
olina,  he  reported  the  Ordinance  of  Nulli 
fication,  and  -was  soon  afterwards  elected 
Governor  of  the  State,  serving  until  1834. 
He  was  subsequently  Mayor  of  Charles 
ton,  and  President  of  the  Chai-lestou, 
Louisville,  and  Cincinnati  Railroad  Com 
pany.  He  died  at  Ashville,  North  Caro 
lina,  September  24,  1839.  His  abilities 
were  of  a  high  order,  and  he  acquired 
distinction  by  his  participation  in  a  debate 
in  the  Senate  with  Daniel  Webster. 

Haynes,  Charles  JE.— He  was  born 
in  Brunswick,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1825  to  1829,  and  again  from  1835  to 
1839. 

Hays,  L.  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843 
to  1845. 

Hay  wood,  William  H.,J~r.— Born 
in  Wake  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1801 ; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1819;  studied  law;  entered 
public  life  as  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons  in  1834,  continuing  there  three 
years ;  in  1836  was  Speaker  of  the  House ; 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1843  to 
1846. 

Hazard,    Jonathan.  —  He  was   a 

Delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  in  1787  and  1788. 

Hazard,  Nathaniel. — He  was  born 
in  Newport,  Rhode  Island;  graduated  at 
Brown  University  in  1792,  and  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1821.  Died  De 
cember  18,  1820,  in  Washington  City. 

Hazeltine,  Altner. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1829 
and  1830,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1837. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


181 


Jlealy,  Joseph.  —  He  was  born  in 
Cheshire,  New  Hampshire ;  was  a  Repre- 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1825  to  1829,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Claims.  He  was  also  a  State  Councillor 
from  1829  to  1832,  and  State  Senator  in 
1824.  Died  at  Washington,  New  Hamp 
shire,  October  10,  1861, 'aged  eighty-five 
years. 

HeatJi,  James  P.  —  He  was  born  in 
Delaware,  December,  21,  1777.  In  1799 
lie  was  appointed  a  Lieutenant  in  the 
Eegiment  of  Artillerists  and  Engineers, 
which  he  resigned  in  1802;  he  was  Reg 
ister  in  Chancery  at  Annapolis  at  the 
commencement  of  the  war  of  1812;  he 
served  through  the  whole  war  as  Aide-de 
camp  to  General  Winder;  in  1838  he  was 
wrecked  on  the  steamer  Pulaski,  and 
spent  five  days  and  nights  afloat  upon  a 
piece  of  the  wreck ;  when  nineteen  years 
of  age  he  fought  a  duel  with  John  Knight, 
and  received  a  ball  which  never  left  him ; 
and  he  Avas  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maryland,  from  1833  to  1835,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Com 
merce.  He  died  in  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
June  12,  1854. 

Heath,  John. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1793  to  1797. 

Hebard,  William,.— lie  was  born  in 
Connecticut;  and,  having  settled  in  Ver 
mont,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1853.  He  was  also  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  from  1842  to  1845 ;  Judge  of  Pro 
bate  for  seven  years;  served  seven  years 
in  the  two  houses  of  the  Legislature ; 
and  was  two  years  Attorney  for  Orange 
County. 

Heister,  Daniel.  —  Was  born  in 
Berks  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1747.  He 
received  a  good  English  education,  and 
became  a  thorough  business  man.  He 
settled  in  Montgomery  County,  where  he 
was  active  during  the  Revolution,  being 
Colonel,  and  afterwards  Brigadier-Gener 
al,  of  the  Militia,  and  in  service.  In  1784 
he  was  elected  to  the  Supreme  Executive 
Council  of  Pennsylvania,  and  in  1787  was 
appointed  a  Commissioner  of  the  Connect 
icut  Land  Claims.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
First,  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Con 
gresses  from  Pennsylvania.  After  this  he 
removed  to  Hagerstowu.  Maryland,  and 
was  elected  from  that  State  a  member  of 
the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses,  dur 
ing  his  attendance  upon  which  last  he 
died,  at  Washington,  March  8,  1804.  He 
was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating 
the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 

Heister,  Daniel.  —  Son  of  John 
Heister,  succeeded  his  father  in  Congress, 


and  was  a  member  of  the  Eleventh  Con 
gress. 

Heister,  John. — Brother  of  Colonel 
Daniel  Heister,  was  born  April  9.  174G, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Tenth  Congress 
from  Pennsylvania.  Died  October  15, 
1821. 

Heister,  William.— Nephew  of  John 
and  of  Colonel  Daniel  Heister,  was  born 
iu  Bern  Township,  Berks  County.  He 
established  himself  in  Lancaster  County, 
where  he  cultivated  a  farm,  and  by  his  in 
dustry,  honesty,  and  good  sense,  recom 
mended  himself  to  the  popular  regard.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  of  the  Con 
vention  of  1837  to  revise  the  Constitution 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  of  the  State  Senate. 
Died  October  15,  1853,  aged  sixty-two 
years. 

Heister ,  J~osep7i.—Was  born  in  Bern 
Township,  Berks  County,  November  18, 
1752,  and  was  brought  up  to  conduct  a 
farm  and  a  store.  Inheriting  a  good  for 
tune,  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolution  he 
equipped  a  company  himself,  with  which 
he  joined  the  army.  He  became  a  Colonel ; 
was  a  prisoner  in  the  Jersey  prison-ship, 
where  he  exercised  a  liberal  generosity  ia 
alleviating  the  sufferings  of  his  fellow- 
prisoners.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  that  framed  the  State  Constitution 
of  1776.  He  served  five  years  in  the  House 
and  four  in  the  Senate  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  as  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention"  of  1790.  He  was  a 
member  from  Pennsylvania  of  the  Fifth, 
Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Con 
gresses.  In  1807  he  was  appointed  one 
of  the  two  Major-Generals  to  command 
the  Pennsylvania  contingent,  called  for  by 
the  President.  After  this  he  retired  from 
public  life,  but  in  1814  his  old  constituency 
of  Berks  would  again  have  him  in  Con 
gress,  and  elected  him  for  the  Fourteenth, 
Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  terms.  In  1817 
he  was  run  for  Governor  unsuccessfully, 
but  three  years  afterwards  was  elected, 
and  served  in  that  office  until  1823,  with 
great  credit  for  a  wise  and  honest  admin 
istration  of  public  affairs.  Declining  all 
solicitations  to  the  contrary,  he  now, 
finally,  retired  from  office,  and  spent  the 
serene  evening  of  an  honorable  life  iu  thu 
midst  of  the  people  who  loved  him.  He 
died  at  Reading  on  the  10th  of  June,  1832. 

HelmicJt,  William.—  Born  in  Jef 
ferson  County,  Ohio,  September  6,  1817; 
received  a  common-school  education,  and 
taught  school  for  seven  years;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845 ; 
in  1851  he  was  elected  a  Prosecuting  At 
torney ;  and  in  1858  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads, 


182 


BIOGRAPHICAL    ItECOKDS. 


lie  subsequently  accepted  a  chief  clerkship 
in  the  Interior  Department. 

Helms,  William.— Re  was  an  officer 
in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1801  to  1811 ;  and,  removing  to  Tennessee, 
died  there  at  an  advanced  age. 

Hemphill,  John. — lie  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Texas,  from  1859  until 
that  State  seceded,  when  he  became  iden 
tified  with  the  great  Rebellion.  Expelled 
from  the  Senate  July  10,  1861. 

Hemphill,  Joseph.— He  was  born  in 
Delaware  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
a  leading  member  of  the  old  Federal  party ; 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1801  to  1803,  again 
from  1819  to  1827,  and  from  1829  to  1831. 
He  distinguished  himself  particularly  by  a 
speech  on  the  Judiciary  Bill  in  1801 ;  and 
was  for  some  time  Judge  of  the  District 
Court  of  Philadelphia.  He  died  in  Phila 
delphia,  May  29,  1842,  aged  seventy-two 
years. 

Hempstead,  Edward.  —  He  was 
born  in  New  London,  Connecticut,  June 
3,  1780;  received  a  classical  education 
from  private  tutors,  and,  having  studied 
law  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1801 .  After 
spending  three  years  in  Rhode  Island  prac 
tising  his  profession,  he  removed,  in  1804, 
to  the  Territory  of  Louisiana,  travelling 
on  horseback,  and  tarrying  for  a  time  at 
Vincennes,  Indiana  Territory.  He  first 
settled  at  St.  Charles,  on  the  Missouri 
River,  but  in  1805  he  removed  to  St.  Louis, 
where  he  resided  the  balance  of  his  life. 
In  1806  he  was  appointed  Deputy  Attor 
ney-General  for  the  District  of  St.  Louis 
and  St.  Charles,  and  in  1S09  Attorney- 
General  for  the  Territory  of  Upper  Louis 
iana,  which  office  he  held  until  1811;  and 
lie  was  the  first  Delegate  to  Congress  from 
the  western  side  of  the  Mississippi  River, 
representing  Missouri  Territory  from  1811 
to  1814.  After  his  service  in  Congress, 
he  went  upon  several  expeditious  against 
the  Indians ;  was  elected  to  the  Territori 
al  Assembly,  and  chosen  Speaker ;  and  he 
died  August  10,  1817.  He  was  a  man  of 
ability,  pure,  and  without  reproach,  and 
his  loss  was  deeply  lamented  by  all  who 
knew  him. 

Hemsley,  William.— He  was  a  Del 
egate  from  Maryland  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1782  to  1784. 

Henderson,   ArcJiibald.—TSom  in 

Granville  County,  North  Carolina,  August 
7,  17G8,  and  died  October  21,  1822.  He 
was  educated  in  his  native  county,  studied 
law,  and  rose  to  a  high  position  at  the  bar 
of  his  State.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from  1799 
to  1803 ;  and  subsequently  elected  to  the 


General  Assembly  for  several  terms.  His 
learning  was  extensive,  and  his  character 
as  a  man  above  reproach. 

Henderson,  Bennett  H.— He  was 

a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1815  to  1817. 

Henderson,  John. — He  was  a  law 
yer  by  profession;  a  General  of  Militia  in 
Mississippi ;  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Mississippi,  from  1839  to  1845 ;  and  dur 
ing  the  latter  part  of  his  life  practised  his 
profession  in  Louisiana.  After  his  service 
in  Congress,  he  was  engaged  in  an  unlaw 
ful  expedition  against  Cuba,  for  which  he 
was  tried,  but  acquitted  by  a  New  Orleans 
jury.  He  died  at  Pass  Christian,  in  1857, 
aged  sixty-two  years. 

Henderson,  John  B.— Was  born  in 
Virginia,  November  16,  1826 ;  in  1836  re 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Missouri ;  spent 
a  part  of  his  boyhood  on  a  farm.  While 
obtaining  an  academical  education,  he 
taught  school  for  his  support ;  studied  la\v, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  was  soon 
afterwards  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture;  re-elected  in  1856;  and  in  the  same 
year  chosen  a  Presidential  Elector.  He 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Charleston  Con 
vention  in  1860 ;  had  command  for  a  time 
of  a  Brigade  of  Militia.  On  the  expul 
sion  of  Trusten  Polk  from  the  United 
States  Senate,  he  was  appointed  to  lill  the 
vacancy,  and  in  1863  was  elected  for  the 
full  term  ending  in  1869,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post 
Roads,  and  those  on  the  District  of  Colum 
bia,  Finance,  Expenses  of  the  Senate, 
Foreign  Relations,  and  Claims,  and  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Indian  Af 
fairs.  He  was  also  a  Commissioner  to 
treat  with  the  hostile  tribes  of  Indians  in 
1867. 

Henderson,  John  H.  Z>.—  He  was 

boru  in  Salem,  Livingston  County,  Ken 
tucky,  July  23,  1810;  received  a  good 
English  education ;  commenced  active  life 
by  adopting  the  trade  of  a  printer;  was 
subsequently  a  preacher  of  the  Gospel, 
and  for  several  years  was  devoted  to  agri 
cultural  pursuits.  In  1864  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Oregon  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Pacific  Railroad,  Mines 
and  Mining,  Indian  Affairs,  and  the  Spe 
cial  Committee  on  the  Death  of  President 
Lincoln. 

Henderson,  Joseph. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833 
to  1837. 

Henderson,  J.  PincTcney.  —  Born 
in  Lincoln  County,  North  Carolina,  March 
31,  1808.  He  received  a  liberal  education, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


183 


but  did  not  graduate,  and  adopted  the  law 
as  a  profession,  first  visiting  Cuba  for  his 
health,  and  settling  in  Mississippi.  He 
emigrated  to  Texas  in  1836,  and  his  first 
civil  office  was  that  of  Attorney-General 
of  the  Republic  of  Texas,  having  been  ap 
pointed  by  President  Houston  in  1836 ;  in 
1837  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State 
of  the  Republic ;  soon  afterwards  Minister 
Plenipotentiary  to  England  and  Franco, 
clothed  with  the  additional  powers  of  Com 
missioner  to  solicit  the  recognition  of  the 
independence  of  Texas;  in  1838  he  made 
a  commercial  arrangement  with  England, 
and  in  1839  a  commercial  treaty  with 
France ;  in  1844  he  was  appointed  a  Spe 
cial  Minister  to  the  United  States,  which 
mission  resulted  in  the  annexation  of 
Texas;  in  1845  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  which  framed  the  Constitution 
of  the  State  of  Texas ;  in  November  of 
the  same  year,  was  elected  Governor  of 
the  State;  and  when  the  Mexican  war 
broke  out,  in  1846,  as  Governor  of  the 
State,  and,  by  permission  of  the  Legisla 
ture,  he  took  command  in  person  of  the 
volunteer  troops  called  for  by  General  Tay 
lor,  served  six  months  as  Major-General, 
and  distinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of 
Monterey,  subsequently  receiving  from 
Congress,  for  his  services,  a  vote  of  thanks 
and  a  sword  valued  at  fifteen  hundred  dol 
lars.  He  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  in  1857,  from  Texas,  but,  owing  to 
ill  health,  did  not  take  an  active  part  in 
its  proceedings,  and  he  died  in  Washing 
ton  City,  June  4,  1858,  deeply  lamented  by 
all  who  knew  him. 

Henderson,    Samuel.— He   was  a 

Eepresentative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1814  to  1815,  for  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  Jonathan  Roberts. 

Henderson,   Thomas. — He  was  a 

graduate  of  Princeton  College  in  1761 ; 
was  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas ; 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  1779  to  1780;  a  Representative  of 
New  Jersey  in  Congress,  under  the  Con 
stitution,  from  1795  to  1797 ;  and  was  once 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  that  State. 

HendricJcs,   Thomas  A.. — He  was 

born  in  Muskiugum  County,  Ohio,  Sep 
tember  7,  1819:  was  educated  at  South 
Hanover  College ;  studied  law,  and  com 
pleted  his  legal  studies  at  Chambersburg, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1843;  settled  in  Indiana, 
and  practised  his  profession  with  success. 
In  1848  he  was  chosen  to  the  State  Legis 
lature,  and  declined  a  re-election ;  was  an 
active  member  of  the  Indiana  "  Constitu 
tional  Convention  "  of  1850 ;'  and  was  a 
Eepresentative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana, 
from  1851  to  1855;  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Pierce,  in  1855,  Commissioner 
of  the  General  Land  Office,  in  which  he 
was  continued  by  President  Buchanan  un 
til  1859,  when  he  resigned.  He  was  sub 


sequently  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress 
for  the  long  term,  commencing  in  1863 
and  ending  in  1869,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Claims,  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds,  the  Judiciary,  Public  Lands,  and 
Naval  Affairs. 

HendricJcs,  William.— Born  in 
Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1783.  He  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  of 
Madison,  Indiana,  having  removed  there 
in  1814.  During  his  residence  in  that 
State  he  filled  many  high  and  important 
offices ;  he  was  Secretary  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  formed  the  present  Constitu 
tion  of  the  State;  the  first  and  sole  repre 
sentative  of  Indiana  in  Congress  from 
1816  to  1822;  Governor  of  the  State  from 
1822  to  1825,  when  he  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  until  1837.  He  was  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  He 
died  in  Madison,  May  16,  1850. 

Henley,  Thomas  J.~ He  was  born 
in  Indiana  in  1810;  was  educated  at  the 
Indiana  State  College,  and  pursued  the 
occupation  of  a  farmer ;  he  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Legislature  from  1832  to 
1842;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Indiana,  from  1843  to  1849, 
having  been  the  first  native  of  that  State 
elected  to  that  office.  In  1849  he  emi 
grated  to  California,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  first  Legislature  of  that  State ;  he  was 
for  seven  years  Superintendent  of  Indian 
Affairs  for  California,  and  was  subse 
quently  appointed  Postmaster  of  San 
Francisco. 

Henn,  Hernhart.  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and,  on  emigrating  to  Iowa,  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1853. 

Henri/,  James. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Virginia,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1780  to  1781. 

Henry,  John. — He  was  a  graduate 
of  Princeton  College,  in  1769;  was  for 
several  years,  from  1778,  a  Delegate  to 
the  Old  Congress ;  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
under  the  Constitution,  from  Maryland, 
from  1789  to  1797,  when  he  resigned,  and 
was  elected  Governor  of  Maryland  in  the 
latter  year.  He  was  one  of  those  who 
voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government 
on  the  Potomac.  He  died  at  Easton,  De 
cember,  1798. 

Henry,     John    F.—  He    was    the 

brother  of  Robert  P.  Henry,  and  was 
elected  to  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  for 
the  unexpired  term  of  the  same,  from 
1826  to  1827.  He  was  born  in  Scott 
County,  Kentucky,  January  17,  1793;  re 
ceived  his  education  at  the  Georgetown 
Academy,  of  Kentucky;  studied  medicine, 
and  in  1813  was  appointed  Surgeon's  Mata 


184 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


inBoswell's  Regiment  of  Kentucky  troops, 
serving  at  Fort  Meigs.  Subsequently 
graduated  at  the  New  York  University; 
settled  in  Hopkinsvillc,  Kentucky,  in 
1822;  and  subsequently  to  his  service  ill 
Congress  removed  to  Burlington,  Iowa. 

Henry,  Patrick.— Horn  in  Studley, 
Hanover  County,  Virginia,  May  29,  1736 ; 
liis  education  was  neglected  until  he  had 
reached  the  age  of  manhood,  and  was  a 
husband  and  father;  then  it  was  that  he 
began  to  study  law,  and  was  soon  admit 
ted  to  practice;  in  17G4  he  made  his  first 
striking  effort  as  an  advocate  and  an  ora 
tor,  and  from  that  3rear  became  famous. 
He  was  the  first  man  of  mark  in  Virginia 
to  declare  against  the  usurpations  of  Brit 
ain.  In  1765  he  was  chosen  to  the  Vir 
ginia  Assembly,  and  there  introduced  a 
set  of  remarkable  resolutions,  supporting 
them  with  a  speech  of  surpassing  ability ; 
and  from  that  time  he  was  hailed  as  the 
great  advocate  of  human  rights  and  ra 
tional  liberty.  He  was  elected  a  Delegate 
from  Virginia,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1774  to  1776;  there  distin 
guished  himself  as  an  orator;  and  signed 
the  Declaration  of  Independence.  He 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Richmond  Conven 
tion  "  of  1777,  and  again  electrified  the  peo 
ple  by  his  eloquence;  in  1776  he  was 
elected  Governor  of  Virginia,  re-elected, 
and  then  declined  a  re-election;  from  1780 
to  1791  he  served  in  the  Assembly  of  the 
State ;  was  a  member  in  1788  of  the  Con 
vention  to  ratify  the  Federal  Constitution, 
to  which  he  was  opposed;  in  1795,  Wash 
ington  tendered  to  him  the  office  of  Sec 
retary  of  State,  but  he  preferred  the 
retirement  of  home  and  declined  it;  was 
again  elected  Governor  in  1796,  but  de 
clined  to  serve;  in  1799  President  Adams 
ofl'ered  him  the  mission  to  France,  but  his 
declining  health  compelled  him  to  decline 
that  honor  also;  and  on  the  sixth  of  June, 
of  that  year,  he  died.  Evidences  of  his 
splendid  intellect  are  abundant  and  "fa 
miliar  as  household  words,"  and  a  tribute 
that  he  paid  to  the  Christian  religion,  in 
his  will,  is,  for  beauty  and  force,  without 
a  parallel  in  the  English  language. 

Henri/,  "Robert  P. — Born  in  Scott 
County,  Kentucky,  November  24,  1788 ; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Transyl 
vania;  studied  law  with  Henry  Clay,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809 ;  served 
that  year  as  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  his 
district;  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  as  an 
Aicle-cle-camptohis  father,  Major-General 
William  Henry;  subsequently  settled  in 
Christian  County,  and  became  Prosecut 
ing  Attorney  for  that  circuit ;  was  a  Di 
rector  of  the  Princeton  Branch  of  the 
Commonwealth  Bank ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  for  the  term  from  1823  to  1827.  As 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Roads  and 
Canals,  he  obtained  the  first  appropriation 


ever  granted  for.  impi'oving  the  Missis 
sippi  River.  While  in  Congress  he  re 
ceived  the  appointment  of  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals,  which  he  declined;  and 
he  died  of  fever,  August  25,  1826,  before 
the  expiration  of  his  term  in  Congress. 

Henry,  Thomas.  —  Born  in  Ireland, 
in  1785.  He  served  his  adopted  State, 
Pennsylvania,  in  Congress,  from  1837  to 
1843.  Died  in  Beaver  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  February  27,  1849. 

Henri/,  William.  —  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  from  1784  to  1786. 

Henry,  William.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  and,  having  settled  in 
Vermont,  devoted  himself  to  mercantile 
pursuits.  Was  for  many  years  Cashier  of 
the  Bank  of  Bellows  Falls,  where  he  re 
sides;  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Vermont,  from  1847  to 
1853,  accomplishing  much  work  as  a  mem 
ber  of  several  committees. 

Herbert,  John  C.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1815  to  1819. 

Herbert,  Philip  T.—  -Born  in  Alaba 
ma,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  California,  from  1855  to  1857. 


HerJcimer,  t/b/w.—  Born  in  Herki- 
mer  County,  New  York,  in  1773  ;  was  for 
many  years  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  ; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1817  to  1819,  and  again 
from  1823  to  1825.  Died  at  Danube,  New 
York,  June  8,  1845. 

Hernandez,  Joseph  M.—  He  was 

one  of  the  prominent  Spanish  citizens  who 
remained  in  the  Territory  of  Florida  at  the 
time  of  its  transfer  to  the  United  States. 
He  was  the  first  Delegate  to  Congress, 
from  Florida,  and  subsequently  a  leading 
member  and  presiding  officer  of  the  Ter 
ritorial  Legislature.  At  the  breaking  out 
of  the  Indian  hostilities,  he  was  made  a 
Brigadier-General  in  the  United  States  ser 
vice.  He  was  a  man  of  refined  and 
elegant  manners  ;  resided  at  St.  Augustine  ; 
and  died  near  Matanzas,  Cuba,  June  8,  1857, 
at  an  advanced  age. 

Herod,  William.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  Indiana,  from 
1837  to  1839. 

HerricJc,  Anson.  —  He  was  born  in 
Lewiston,  Maine,  January  21,  1812;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education  ;  at  the 
age  of  fifteen  years  he  was  apprenticed 
to  the  business  of  a  printer;  settled  in 
New  York  City  in  1836,  and  continued  in 
the  same  employment  until  183S,  when  he 
commenced  the  publication  of  a  weekly 


BIOGBAPHICAL    BECOKDS. 


185 


journal  now  called  the  "New  York  Atlas," 
of  which  he  has  since  been  the  editor  and 
proprietor.  In  1853  he  was  chosen  one  of 
the  aldermen  of  the  city,  and  served 
three  years,  and  by  President  Buchanan 
he  was  appointed  Naval  Storekeeper  for 
New  York,  which  he  held  until  1861.  In 
18G2  he  was  elected  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions,  and  Expenditures  in 
the  Navy  Department.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National 
Union  Convention"  of  18G6;  and  died 
in  New  York,  February  5,  1868.  Eben- 
ezer  Herrick,  who  served  in  Congress  from 
1821  to  1827,  was  his  father. 

HerricJc,  Ebenezer.  —  He  was  born 
in  Lincoln  Count}',  Maine,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from 
1821  to  1827,  and  died  at  Lewiston  in  that 
State,  May  7,  1839.  In  1820  he  held  the 
office  of  Secretary  of  the  State  Senate, 
and  was  a  State  Senator  in  1828  and  1829. 


re,  Joshua.  —  He  was  born  in 
Beverly.  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  in 
1794;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  removed  to  Maine,  and  became  a 
Sheriff  in  that  State  ;  was  Deputy  Col 
lector  of  the  port  of  Kennebunk  from  1829 
to  1841  ;  was  Chairman  of  a  Board  of 
County  Commissioners  from  1842  to  1843  ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1843  to  1845,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Naval  Affairs  and  Ac 
counts.  He  was  again  Deputy  Collector 
of  Kennebunk  from  1847  to  1849  ;  and  from 
1850  to  1854,  and  in  1856  he  was  Register 
of  Probate  for  York  County,  State  of 
Maine. 

Herriclc,  Richard  JP.  —  Born  in 
Reusselaer  County,  New  York,  in  1791  ; 
was  a  man  of  remarkable  business  enter 
prise  ;  and  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1845  to  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  occurred  at  Washington, 
June  22,  1846. 

HerricJc,  Sa  muel.—  He  was  born  in 
Duchess  County,  New  York,  April  14, 
1779.  He  read  law  at  Carlisle,  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1805  ; 
in  1810  he  settled  at  Zanesville,  Ohio,  and 
was  appointed  Collector  of  Taxes  for  that 
County;  soon  afterwards  Prosecuting  At 
torney  for  the  same  county  ;  and  soon  af 
ter  that,  by  President  Madison,  was  ap 
pointed  United  States  District  Attorney 
for  Ohio  ;  in  1812  he  was  appointed  one  of 
a  Board  of  Commissioners  for  settling 
the  North-western  boundary  line  ;  in  the 
autumn  of  that  year,  he  succeeded  Lewis 
Cass  as  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  Mus- 
kingham  County;  in  1814  he  was  appoint 
ed  to  the  same  office  in  Licking  County  ; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Ohio,  from  1817  to  1821.  After  his 


second  election  his  seat  was  contested  by 
Charles  Hammond,  but  the  House  sus 
tained  his  claim.  He  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1828,  and  in  1829  was  appointed, 
by  President  Jackson,  United  States  Dis 
trict  Attorney  for  Ohio.  The  remainder  of 
his  life  was  spent  in  retirement,  and  he 
died  in  December.  1851. 

Hewcs,  J~osep7i,  —He  was  born  near 
Kingston,  New  Jersey,  in  1730;  was  edu 
cated  at  the  Princeton  School ;  settled  in 
Philadelphia  as  a  merchant;  when  thirty 
years  of  age  located  at  Edcnton,  North 
Carolina ;  served  in  the  Assembly  of  the 
Province;  was  a  delegate  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1774  to  1777,  and  again  in  1779,  and  signed 
the  Declaration  of  Independence ;  and  he 
was  de  facto  the  first  Secretary  of  the 
Navy.  Died  in  Philadelphia,  November 
10,  1779. 

Heyward,  Thomas.— Born  in  Par 
ish  of  St.  Luke,  South  Carolina,  in  174G; 
received  a  classical  education,  and  stud 
ied  law;  finishing  his  legal  studies  at  the 
Temple,  in  London;  on  his  return  from  a 
tour  in  Europe  he  was  elected  to  the  As 
sembly  in  North  Carolina ;  he  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1776  to  1798,  and  signed  the  Declaration 
of  Independence  and  the  Articles  of  Con 
federation  ;  was  subsequently  a  Judge  of 
the  Civil  and  Criminal  Courts  of  the 
State ;  he  commanded  a  company  of  artil 
lery  at  the  battle  of  Beaufort,  and  was 
wounded;  served  also  at  Savannah  and 
Charleston;  at  the  latter  place  lie  was 
taken  prisoner,  and  while  confined  at  St. 
Augustine  his  property  was  pillaged,  and 
his  wife  died;  and  he  was  subsequently  a 
member  of  the  Convention  that  formed 
the  Constitution  of  South  Carolina  in 
1790;  and  he  died  in  March,  1809. 

Heyward,  William,  Jr.— Tie  grad 
uated  'at  Princeton  College  in  1808 ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Maryland,  from  1823  to  1825. 

Hibbard,  Harry. —  He  was  born  in 
Vermont;  graduated  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege  in  1835;  was  Assistant  Clerk  of  the 
New  Hampshire  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1839  ;  Clerk  of  the  same  from  1840 
to  1843 ;  Speaker  of  the  House  in  1844 
and  1845;  in  the  State  Senate  from  1846 
to  1849,  officiating  two  years  as  Presi 
dent;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from  1849  to 
1855. 

Hibshman,  Jacob.  —  He  was  born 
in  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1821. 

HicJcman,  John.  —  Born  in  Chester 
County,  Pennsylvania,  near  the  Brandy- 


186 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


wine  battle-ground,  Septembir  11,  1810; 
received  a  thorough  mathematical  and 
classical  education ;  commenced  the  study 
of  medicine ;  but,  finding  his  health  too 
feeble  for  the  dissecting-room,  he  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833. 
In  1845  he  was  appointed  District  Attor 
ney  for  Chester  County,  holding  the  office 
fifteen  months ;  in  1854:  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  'on  Elections ;  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Pensions ;  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
and  was  Chairman  of  the  Judiciary  Com 
mittee;  and  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  again  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Judiciary  Committee.  He  declined  a  re 
election  to  the  Thirtj'-eSghth  Congress,  but 
was  subsequently  a  member  of  the  Penn 
sylvania  Legislature. 

Sicks,   Thomas  Holly  day. — He 

was  born  in  Dorchester  County,  Mary 
land,  September  2,  1708 ;  received  a  plain 
English  education ;  worked  on  his  father's 
farm  when  a  boy ;  served  for  a  time  as 
Constable  and  Sheriff  of  his  county,  and 
subsequently  devoted  himself  to  mercan 
tile  pursuits.  In  1836  he  was  elected  to 
the  Electoral  College  of  the  State;  was 
also  a  member  of  the  Governor's  Council; 
in  1833  was  appointed  Register  of  Wills ; 
was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitution 
al  Convention  "  of  1849 ;  frequently  served 
in  the  Legislature  of  the  State;  was  Gov 
ernor  thereof,  from  1858  to  1862 ;  and  was 
appointed  a  Senator  in  Congress  in  the 
place  of  James  A.  Pearce,  deceased,  tak- 
his  seat  during  the  third  session  of  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  and  was  elected 
for  the  term  ending  .in  1SG7,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs,  and  that 
on  Claims.  He  died  in  Washington  City, 
February  13,  1865,  and  will  ever  be  re 
membered  as  a  true  patriot  for  his  firm 
ness  during  the  earlier  troubles  of  the 
Rebellion. 

Hiester,    Isaac   Ellmalcer.  —  He 

was  born  in  Lancaster  County,  Pennsyl 
vania;  received  a  good  classical  educa 
tion;  graduated  with  honors  at  Yale  Col 
lege,  and  studied  law.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  in  which  he 
expressed  opinions  upon  the  slavery  ques 
tion  not  in  harmony  with  those  of  his 
constituency.  At  the  next  election  he 
was  defeated,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  with  distinguished  success.  He 
was  the  son  of  William  Heister,  M.  C.,  but 
changed  the  spelling  of  his  name. 

Higby,  William.  —  Was  born  in 
Essex  County,  New  York,  August  18, 
1813 ;  spent  his  boyhood  on  a  farm,  and 
subsequently  engaged  in  the  lumber  and 
iron  business;  graduated  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  Vermont  in  1840 ;  adopted  the  pro 


fession  of  law,  which  he  practised  in  his 
native  county  until  1850;  during  that  year 
he  emigrated  to  California,  and  was  Dis 
trict  Attorney  of  Calaveras  County,  from 
1853  to  1859 ;  in  1862  he  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate ;  and  in  18G3  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  California,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Public  Lands,  and  Expen 
ditures  in  the  Navy  Department;  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  Special  Committee 
to  visit  the  Indian  tribes  of  the  West  in 
1865,  and  of  the  Committees  on  the  Death 
of  President  Lincoln  and  Appropriations. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "  Loyalists'  Convention "  of  1866. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  the  Committee  on  the  Pacific 
Railroad,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Mines  and  Mining. 

Higginson,    Stejthen.—llQ   was   a 

Delegate,  from  Massachusetts,  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  in  1782  and  1783. 

Hill,  Clement  S. — Born  in  Kentucky, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Hill,  Hugh  L.  IF.- Born  in  Ten 
nessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1849. 

Hill,  Isaac. — Born  in  Somervillc, 
Massachusetts,  April  7,  1788.  In  1798  his 
parents  removed  to  a  farm  in  Ashburnham, 
Massachusetts ;  his  education  was  exceed 
ingly  limited,  and  at  the  age  of  fourteen 
he  was  apprenticed  in  a  printing-office, 
and  in  1809,  at  the  expiration  of  his  ap 
prenticeship,  he  went  to  Concord,  New 
Hampshire  and  purchased  the  "American 
Patriot,"  which  was  afterwards  issued  as 
"The  New  Hampshire  Patriot,"  and  be 
came  a  paper  of  immense  circulation  and 
influence  during  the  twenty  years  of  his 
editorship.  During  that  time  he  was 
twice  chosen  Clerk  of  the  State  Senate ; 
was  once  a  Representative  in  the  Legisla 
ture,  and  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  in  1820,  1821,  1822,  and  1827. 
In  1828  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  United 
States  Senate,  but  not  elected.  In  1829 
lie  was  appointed,  by  President  Jackson, 
Second  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury,  and 
held  the  office  until  April,  1830.  He  re 
turned  to  New  Hampshire,  and  was  elect 
ed  by  the  Legislature  United  States  Sen 
ator  for  six  years,  from  1831.  In  183G  he 
resigned  his  senatorship,  being  elected 
Governor  of  New  Hampshire  and  re- 
elected  in  1837  and  1838.  In  1840,  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Van  Burcn, 
Sub-Treasurer  at  Boston,  and  in  that  year 
established,  in  connection  with  his  two 
oldest  sons,  "Hill's  New  Hampshire  Pat 
riot,"  which  they  published  and  edited 
until  1847,  when  that  paper  was  united 
with  the  "Patriot."  He  also  published 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


187 


the  "Farmers'  Monthly  Visitor,"  an  agri 
cultural  paper,  for  ten  years ;  and  during 
the  last  lifteen  years  of  his  life  devoted 
much  attention  to  agriculture.  lie  died 
in  Washington,  District  of  Columbia, 
March  22,  1851. 

Hill,  John.— He  was  born  in  Virginia, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841. 

Hill,  John. — Born  in  Stokes  County, 
North  Carolina;  served  many  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  the  State;  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  1839  to  18-41,  and 
in  1850  held  the  position  of  Reading  Clerk 
in  the  State  Senate. 

Hill,  John. — He  was  born  in  Catskill, 
New  York,  in  1821 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  was  for  seven  years  a 
clerk  and  book-keeper  in  his  native  place; 
removed  to  Boontou,  Morris  County,  New 
Jersey,  and  pursued  the  same  business  for 
three  years,  and  subsequently  devoted 
himself  to  mercantile  pursuits.  He  held, 
for  many  years,  a  number  of  local  and  town 
offices,  and  in  I860  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  and,  on  being  twice  re- 
elected,  was  made  Speaker  of  the  Assem 
bly;  took  an  active  part  in  raising  troops 
during  the  Rebellion ;  has  been  foremost 
among  his  neighbors  in  promoting  the 
moral  and  social  welfare  of  his  fellow-cit 
izens  ;  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  the  Post  Office,  and  Weights  and  Meas 
ures. 

Hill,  Joshua.— Born  in  Abbeville 
District,  South  Carolina,  January  10, 1812 ; 
he  had  not  a  collegiate  education,  but 
studied  law  as  a  profession.  He  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  from  Georgia,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lands. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Allah's.  Withdrew  in  February,  1861,  and 
returned  to  Georgia.  He  did  not  take  an 
active  part  in  the  Rebellion ;  and  in  1866 
he  was  appointed  by  President  Johnson 
Collector  for  the  port  of  Savannah ;  and 
in  1867  he  was  appointed  a  Visitor  to  the 
West  Point  Academy. 

Hill,  UfarJc  L. — He  was  born  in  Bid- 
cleford,  Maine,  June  30,  1772.  From  the 
year  1792,  to  the  close  of  his  life,  he  had 
been  almost  constantly  in  the  exercise  of 
some  public  enjoyment,  either  by  popu 
lar  election  or  executive  appointment. 
Though  denied  the  advantages  of  a  liberal 
education,  he  succeeded,  by  assiduous  self- 
culture,  in  making  himself  useful  to  his 
country  and  gaining  honor  to  himself  in 
the  various  posts  of  high  responsibility  to 
which  he  was  successive!}"  elevated.  He 
was,  at  various  periods,  a  member  of  the 


Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of 
Massachusetts,  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas,  member  of  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1819  to  1821,  and 
from  Maine,  from  1821  to  1823 ;  Postmas 
ter  at  Phippsburg,  Maine,  Collector  of 
the  port  at  Bath,  and  held  several  other 
town  and  county  offices.  He  was  one  of 
the  Overseers  of  Bowdoin  College  from 
the  first  until  1821,  when  he  became  a 
Trustee,  in  which  office  he  continued  till 
his  decease,  and,  during  the  whole  period 
of  forty-nine  years,  regularly  attended 
every  meeting  except  one.  He  died  at 
Phippsburg,  Maine,  November  26,  1842,  iu 
the  seventy-first  year  of  his  age. 

Hill,  Ralph*  —  Born  in  Johnson, 
Trumbull  Coun.  -'.  Ohio,  October  12,  1827. 
After  receiving  an  academical  education, 
he  studied  law  at  the  New  York  State  and 
National  Law  School,  and  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  in  1851,  and,  on  removing 
to  Indiana,  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress;  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Territories,  and  on  Expenditures  in  the 
Treasury  Department. 

Hill,  TJiomas. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  Representative  iu 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1824  to 
1826. 

Hill,  WJiitmill.—IlQ  was  a  Delegate 
from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1778  to  1781. 

Hill,  William  If,— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1799  to  1803,  and  he  was  also 
appointed  Judge  of  the  United  States 
District  Court  for  the  District  of  North 
Carolina.  He  died  in  1809. 

Hillen,  Solomon,  Jr.— He  was  born 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

Hillhouse,  James.— He  was  born  at 
Montvilie,  Connecticut,  October  21,  1754; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1773;  after 
clue  preparation,  entered  upon  the  prac 
tice  of  law;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
Revolutionary  struggle,  and  when  New 
Haven  was  invaded  by  the  British,  was 
Commander  of  the  Governor's  Guards. 
He  became  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
in  1791,  and  three  years  afterwards  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator  of  the  United  States, 
from  Connecticut,  and  continued  a  distin 
guished  member  for  sixteen  years ;  and  iu 
the  Sixth  Congress  was  President  pro  tern. 
of  the  Senate.  In  1810  he  resigned  his 
seat  in  the  Senate,  and  took  the  office  of 
Commissioner  of  the  School  Fund  of  Con 
necticut,  which  he  managed  with  great 
ability  and  fidelity  for  fifteen  years.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Hartford  Con- 


188 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS* 


vention"  of  1814;  and  in  1825  he  under 
took  to  conduct  the  construction  of  the 
Farmington  and  Hampshire  Canal.  He 
was  chosen  Treasurer  of  Yale  College,  in 
1782,  and  continued  to  hold  the  office  until 
his  death,  having  done  much  to  promote 
the  interests  of  that  institution.  He  died 
at  New  Haven,  December  29,  1832. 

Hillhouse,  William.  —  He  was  a 
Delegate  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1783  to  1786. 

Hilliard,  Henry  IF.— He  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  and  spent  his  boyhood 
in  South  Carolina,  at  the  College  of  which 
State  he  graduated.  He  studied  law,  and 
settled  in  Georgia,  but  in  1836  became  a 
citizen  of  Alabama,  occupying  for  several 
years  a  professorship  in  the  University  of 
that  State.  In  1838  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature,  and  in  1840  a  Presiden 
tial  Elector.  In  1842  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Tyler,  Minister  to  Belgium ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Alabama,  from  1843  to  1851.  He  was 
also  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institu 
tion,  and  devoted  some  attention  to  the 
pursuits  of  literature.  A  volume  of  his 
speeches  was  published  in  1855. 

Hillyer,  J'unius.—He  was  born  in 
Wilkes  County,  Georgia,  April  23,  1807; 
graduated  at  the  State  University  at 
Athens  in  1828;  having  studied  his  profes 
sion  while  in  college,  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  within  one  week  after  graduating; 
in  1834  he  was  elected  by  the  Legislature 
Solicitor-General  for  the  Western  District 
of  the  State;  and  he  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  Georgia,  from  1851  to 
1855,  during  his  second  term  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Private 
Land  Claims.  In  1857  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Buchanan,  Solicitor  of  the 
United  States  Treasury. 

Hindman,   Thomas    C.—  He   was 

born  in  Tennessee  in  1818 ;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  a  Second  Lieutenant  of 
Mississippi  Volunteers ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Arkansas,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress;  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh,  but  when  the  Rebellion 
broke  out  he  entered  the  Confederate  ser 
vice,  and  was  at  once  made  a  Brigadier- 
General,  and  subsequently  a  Major-Gen- 
eral.  Was  living  in  Texas  in  1865. 

Hindman,     William.  —  He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress ;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  1792  to  1799 ;  and  a  Senator  in 
Congress  during  the  years  1800  and  1801. 
He  died  January  26,  1822. 

Hinds,  Thomas.  —  Born  about  the 
year  1775 ;  was  a  distinguished  officer  in 
the  battle  of  New  Orleans ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi, 


from  1828  to  1831.  He  died  in  Jefferson 
County,  Mississippi,  August  23,  1840. 

Hines,  Richard. — He  was  born  in 
North  Cai'oliua,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1825  to 
1827. 

Hise,  Elijah. — He  was  born  in  Ken 
tucky  ;  appointed  in  1848  Charge  d'Affaires 
to  Guatemala;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1856;  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  for  the  unexpired  term  of 
H.  Grider,  deceased,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Reconstruction.  He  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  but  died 
by  suicide  at  Russelville,  Kentucky,  May 
8,  1867.  In  personal  appearance  he  bore  a 
remarkable  resemblance  to  John  C.  Cal- 
lioun,  of  whom  he  was  a  warm  admirer. 

HitchcocJc,  Peter.— Born  in  Chesh 
ire,  Connecticut,  October  19,  1780;  and 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1801.  He 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1804,  and  com 
menced  the  practice  of  law  in  his  native 
town.  In  1806  he  removed  to  Geauga 
County,  Ohio,  and  in  1810  he  was  elected 
to  the  General  Assembly  of  that  State; 
from  1812  to  1816  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate,  and  President  of  that  body 
one  session.  He  was  a  Representative  in. 
Congress,  from  1817  to  1819,  and  then 
chosen  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Ohio  for  seven  years ;  was  re-elected  to 
the  same  office  in  1826,  and  retired  from 
the  bench  in  1852,  after  a  judicial  service 
of  twenty-eight  years ;  having  been  for  a 
portion  of  that  time  Chief  Justice.  From 
1833  to  1835  he  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate,  and  once  again  President. 
In  1850  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Consti 
tutional  Convention"  of  the  State.  He 
died  in  Painesville,  Ohio,  May  11,  1853. 

Hitchcock,  Phineas    W.— He  was 

born  in  New  Lebanon,  New  York,  Novem 
ber  30,1831  ;  graduated  atWilliams  College, 
Massachusetts,  in  1855 ;  studied  law,  and, 
after  being  admitted  to  the  bar,  emigrated 
to  Nebraska  Territory,  and  settled  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession  at  Omaha  in 
1857.  In  1861  he  was  appointed,  by  Pres 
ident  Lincoln,  Marshal  of  the  Territory, 
which  office  he  held  until  his  election, 
from  Nebraska,  as  Delegate  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
National  Committee  appointed  to  accom 
pany  the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to 
Illinois.  In  March,  1867,  he  was  appointed 
Surveyor-Gereral  of  Nebraska. 

Hoagland,  Mose<*. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1851. 

Hoar,  Samuel. — Born  in  Lincoln, 
Massachusetts,  May  18,  1788.  He  gradu 
ated  at  Cambridge  in  1802,  and  was  for 


BIOaBAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


189 


two  years  thereafter  a  private  tutor  in 
Virginia.  He  studied  law  with  Artemas 
Ward,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1805,  and  opened  an  office  in  Concord.  He 
soon  attained  high  rank,  and  was  for  forty 
years  one  of  the  most  eminent  and  suc 
cessful  practitioners  in  Middlesex  County, 
as  well  as  in  the  whole  State.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  for  revising 
the  State  Constitution  in  1S20;  State  Sen 
ator  in  1825  and  1833 ;  member  of  the  Ex 
ecutive  Council  iii  1845  and  184G;  State 
Representative  in  1850;  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  1835  to  1837.  In 
1844  he  was  appointed  by  the  Legislature 
of  Massachusetts  to  proceed  to  South  Car 
olina  and  aid  the  colored  citizens  of  Mas 
sachusetts,  imprisoned  by  the  authorities 
of  South  Carolina,  by  testing,  in  the  Courts 
of  the  United  States,  the  constitutionality 
of  the  acts  of  South  Carolina  authorizing 
the  imprisonment  of  colored  persons  who 
should  enter  that  State.  His  appearance 
in  Charleston  caused  great  excitement, 
and  he  was  expelled  from  that  city  by  its 
citizens,  December  5, 1844.  the  Legislature 
having  passed  resolutions  on  that  day  au 
thorizing  the  Governor  to  expel  him.  He 
\vas  a  member  of  various  religious  and 
charitable  societies ;  of  the  American 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  of  the 
Massachusetts  Historical  Societ3r;  and,  at 
the  time  of  his  death,  one  of  the  Overseers 
of  Harvard  College,  the  degree  of  Doctor 
of  Laws  having,  in  1838,  been  conferred 
upon  him  by  that  institution.  He  died 
in  Concord,  Massachusetts,  November  2, 
1850. 

Hoard,  Charles  B.— "Born  in  Spring 
field,  Vermont,  June  28,  1805;  he  was  a 
mechanic,  and  for  several  years  in  early 
life  a  clerk  in  a  private  land  office  at  Ant 
werp,  New  York.  He  was  Postmaster 
under  Presidents  Jackson  and  VanBureu ; 
Justice  of  the  Peace  for  several  years ;  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  of  New  York 
in  1838,  and  County  Clerk  of  Jefferson 
County,  New  York,  in  1844,  1845,  and 
184C.  He  has  been  an  active  politician, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Expenditures  in  the  State 
Department.  He  was  also  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 

Hobart,  Aaron. — He  was  born  in 
Abington,  Plymouth  County,  Massachu 
setts,  June  26,  1787 ;  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1805 ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law ;  served  in  the  State  Senate ;  as  a 
State  Councillor ;  was  Judge  of  Probate ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1821  to  1827. 
Died  at  East  Bridgewater,  September  It), 
1858. 

Hobart,  John  Sloss.—Ue  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1757 ;  was  Judge  of  the 


District  Court  of  New  York,  and  held 
several  important  positions  in  that  State 
during  the  Revolutionary  war ;  after  which 
he  was  appointed  one  of  the  three  Judges 
of  the  Supreme  Court.  He  was  appointed 
a  member  of  the  United  States  Senate  for 
the  term  commencing  January,  1798,  in 
the  place  of  P.  Schuyler,  but  resigned 
May  5,  not  having  taken  his  seat,  and  was 
then  appointed  Judge  of  the  United  States 
District  Court  of  New  York.  He  died 
February  4,  1805,  aged  sixty-six. 

Hobble,  Selah  JR.— Born  in  New- 
berg,  New  York,  March  10,  1797,  and  at 
an  early  day  established  himself  at  Delhi, 
Delaware  County,  in  the  practice  of  law, 
where  he  was  soon  appoiut3d  District 
Attorney  and  Brigade  Major  and  Inspect 
or.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1827  to  1823,  when, 
on  the  accession  of  General  Jackson  to 
the  Presidency,  he  was  appointed  Assist 
ant  Postmaster-General,  which  he  held 
until  1850,  when  he  retired  on  account  of 
ill  health,  but  assumed  the  duties  of  the 
office  under  President  Pierce.  He  died  in 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  March 
23,  1854.  He  was  the  son-in-law,  and  at 
one  time  the  law  partner,  of  Erastus  Root. 

Hodges,  Charles  Z>.— He  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Illinois,  and  took  his  seat  during  the 
second  session  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress. 

Hodges,  George  T. — He  was  born 
in  Clarendon,  Vermont,  July  4,  1789;  he 
was  bred  to  active  business,  and  was  a 
merchant  in  Rutland  for  many  years ; 
served  frequently  in  both  Houses  of  the 
State  Legislature;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  during 
the  third  session  of  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress.  For  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
century  he  was  President  of  the  Bank  of 
Rutland ;  was  a  large  contributor  to  the 
success  of  the  Burlington  Railroad,  and  a 
warm  supporter  of  the  Vermont  Agricul 
tural  Society.  Died  at  Rutland,  September 
9,  1860. 

Hodges,  James  L. — He  was  a  State 
Senator  in  1823  and  1824,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts, 
from  1827  to  1831.  He  died  March  8, 
1846,  aged  fifty-six  years. 

Hoffman,  Henry  IT.— He  was  born 
in  Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857.  He  was  subsequently  elected  Ser- 
geant-at-aims  in  the  House  of  Represent 
atives,  and  in  1861  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Lincoln,  Collector  of  the  port 
of  Baltimore. 

Hoffman,  Michael.— Born   in  the 

town  of  Clifton  Park,  Saratoga  County, 


190 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


New  York,  in  1788.  He  was  educated  as 
a  physician,  but  afterwards  studied  law, 
and  settled  in  Hcrkimer  County,  where  he 
occupied  a  high  position.  He  was  elected 
to  Congress  in  1824,  and  continued  a 
member  for  eight  years,  serving  a  portion 
of  the  time  as  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Naval  Affairs.  He  was  appointed 
a  Canal  Commissioner  for  the  State  of 
New  York,  wrote  several  able  reports, 
and  resigned  the  office  in  1835.  In  1841 
he  went  into  the  House  of  Assembly  from 
Herkimer  County,  and  accomplished  much 
good  for  the  service  and  credit  of  his 
State.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Constitutional  Convention"  of  1846,  and 
•was  Naval  Officer  in  the  City  of  New  York ; 
Le  was  a  powerful  and  effective  debater, 
and,  as  a  man,  unselfish  and  of  high  char 
acter.  He  died  at  Brooklyn,  September 
27,  1848. 

Hoffman,  Ogden. — He  was  born  in 
New  York  City  in  171)4,  and  graduated  at 
Columbia  College  in  1812;  he  soon  after 
entered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman,  but  in 
three  years  he  resigned,  and  studied  law. 
He  commenced  to  practise  in  Orange 
County,  and  was  appointed  District  At 
torney,  but  removed  to  New  York  City  in 
1826,  and  was  a  partner  of  Hugh  Maxwell, 
and  became  eminently  successful  in  his 
profession.  In  1828  he  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  the  Legislature;  from  1829  to  1835 
was  District  Attorney;  and  was  appointed 
United  States  District  Attorney  by  Presi 
dent  Harrison.  From  1837  to  1841  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs;  he  was  re-elected  in  1848,  and  in 
1854  was  appointed  Attorney-General  of 
the  State.  He  was  remarkable  for  his 
eloquence  and  learning,  and  for  more  than 
a  quarter  of  a  century  occupied  a  high 
position  at  the  bar  of  New  York.  He 
died  in  that  city,  May  1,  1856. 

Hogan,  John.  —  Born  in  Mallow, 
County  of  Cork,  Ireland,  January  2,  1805 ; 
emigrated  to  Baltimore,  Maryland,  with 
his  father  in  1817.  In  that  city  he  was 
apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  a  shoemaker, 
and  during  his  term  of  service  did  what 
lie  could  to  obtain  an  education,  and  was 
an  attendant  at  the  Asbnry  Sunday  School. 
In  1826  he  emigrated  to  the  West;  in  1831 
opened  a  store  in  Madison  County,  Illinois ; 
in  1836  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  in  1838  he  was  elected  by  the  Legis 
lature  Commissioner  of  the  Board  of  Public 
Works ;  re-elected  and  made  President  of 
the  Board;  in  1841  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Harrison  Register  of  the  Land 
Office  at  Dixon,  Illinois,  where  he  re 
mained  until  1845 ;  soon  afterwards  settled 
in  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  resuming  the 
mercantile  business ;  became  engaged  in 
insurance  companies ;  organized  and  was 
President  of  a  savings  institution  and 
a  bank;  in  1857  was  appointed  by  Presi 


dent  Buchanan  Postmaster  of  St.  Louis, 
serving  his  whole  term;  and  in  18<H  ho 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Mis 
souri  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Moans 
and  the  Special  Committee  on  the  Civil 
Service.  He  is  the  author  of  t\vo  publica 
tions,  on  the  "  Resources  of  Missouri," 
and  on  the  "  Commerce  and  Manufactures 
of  St.  Louis."  lie  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention"  of  1866. 

Hogan,  William.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1831  to  1833^ 

Hoge,  •John. — He  was  born  near 
Carlisle,  Cumberland  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  September  10,  1760;  received  the 
greater  part  of  his  education  from  a 
private  tutor ;  he  entered  the  army  of  the 
Revolution  in  1776,  and  was  made  Ensign 
of  the  Ninth  Pennsylvania  Regiment.  In 
1782  he  emigrated  to  the  western  part  of 
the  State,  and,  with  his  brother  William, 
founded  the  town  of  Washington.  In 
1789  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Convention 
which  formed  the  State  Constitution; 
from  1790  to  1795  he  served  in  the  State 
Senate;  in  1799  he  was  chosen  a  member 
of  the  "American Philosophical  Society," 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  in  1804  and  1805,  for 
the  unexpired  term  of  his  brother,  William 
Hoge.  He  was  a  man  of  culture  and 
literary  tastes,  and  died  near  Washington, 
Pennsylvania,  August  4,  1824. 

Hoge,  Joseph  P. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio ;  and,  having  removed  to  Illinois, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1843  to  1847. 

Hoge,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Cumberland  County,  Pennsylvania,  but  in 
1782  he  settled  in  the  western  part  of  the 
State,  and  participated,  with  his  brother 
John,  in  founding  the  town  of  Washing 
ton.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1801  to  1804, 
when  he  resigned,  and  again  from  1807  to 
1809.  Died  on  his  estate  in  the  town  of 
Washington. 

Hogeboom,  JTames  L. — He  was  a 

member  of  the  New  York  "Constitutional 
Convention  "  of  1821,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1823  to  1825. 

Hogg,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

HolbrooJc,  E.  D.— He  was  born  in 
Elyria,  Lorain  County,  Ohio,  in  1836; 
received  a  common-school  education ; 
studied  and  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
and,  having  emigrated  to  Idaho,  was  elect- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


191 


ed  a  Delegate,  from  that  Territory,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress. 

Holcomb,  George. — He  was  born  in 
Lambertsvillc,  Ilunterdon  County,  New 
Jersey,  in  1786;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1805;  adopted  the  medical 
profession,  and  practised  it  with  success 
in  Allentovvn;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  in  1815;  received  from  the 
University  of  Maryland  the  degree  of 
M.D. ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Jersey,  from  1821  to  1828 ;  and 
died  at  Allentowu,  January  14,  1828. 

Holladay,  Alexander  _R.— •  He  was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1849  to  1853,  and  was  Chairman,  during 
his  first  term,  of  the  Committee  on  Ex 
penditures  in  the  Navy  Department. 

Holland,,  Cornelius.— Born  July  9, 
1782;  established  himself  as  a  physician 
at  Canton,  Maine;  was  a  member  of  the 
Maine  "Constitutional  Convention"  of 
1819 ;  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in 
1820  and  1821 ;  and  a  State  Senator  in  1822, 
1325.  and  182G.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1830  to 
1833,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Elec 
tions,  as  well  as  the  Committee  on  Rep 
resentation  under  the  Fifth  Census. 

Holland,  James. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1795  to  1797,  and  again  from 
1801  to  1811. 

Holleman,    Joel.  —  Born    in    the 

County  of  Isle  of  Wight,  Virginia,  Octo 
ber  1,  1799;  was  educated  at  Chapel  Hill, 
North  Carolina;  taught  school  for  some 
years,  and  then  studied  law,  in  the  prac 
tice  of  which  he  was  successful ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir- 
gina,  from  1839  to  1840,  when  he  resigned, 
"because  he  could  not  represent  the  feel 
ings  and  wishes  of  a  majority  of  his  con 
stituents."  He  was  subsequently  in  the 
State  Legislature  for  several  years,  and 
Speaker  of  the  House  when  he  died,  Au 
gust,  1844. 

Holley,  John  M.  —  He  was  born  in 
Saulsbury,  Connecticut,  in  November, 
1802;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1822; 
removed  to  New  York  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1825;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Assembly  from  1838  to  1841;  and 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1847  to  1848.  He 
died  at  Jacksonville,  Florida,  March  8, 
1848,  before  the  expiration  of  his  term. 

Holloway,  David  P.  —  Born  in 
Waynesville,  Warren  County,  Ohio,  De 
cember  G,  1809,  but  removed  with  his  par 
ents  to  Cincinnati  in  1813.  In  1823  he  went 
to  Richmond,  Indiana,  and  learned  the 


printing  business,  and  subsequently  served 
four  years  in  the  office  of  the  "  Cincinnati 
Gazette."  He  commenced  the  publication 
of  the  "Richmond  Palladium"  in  1832, 
editing  it  for  many  years.  In  1843  he  was 
elected  to  the  lower  branch  of  the  State 
Legislature  of  Indiana,  and  in  1844  to  the 
State  Senate,  serving  nine  years.  In  1855 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Indiana,  and  was  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Agriculture  during 
that  term.  He  was  eight  years  President 
of  the  Agricultural  Society  of  Wayne 
County.  In  1861  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Lincoln,  Commissioner  of  Pat 
ents. 

Holman,  William  S.  —  Born  iu 
Vcrdstown,  Indiana,  September  G,  1S22; 
received  a  good  English  education  at 
common  schools ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law;  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
to  revise  the  Constitution  of  Indiana  in 
1850;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature  in  1851 ;  was  a  Judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  from  1852  to  1856 ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Indi 
ana,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  on  the  Committee  or- 
Revolutionary  Claims.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Claims;  and  he  was 
also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  same  Committee. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Enrolled  Bills 
and  Claims. 

Holmes,  David.— lie  was  a  native 
of  Virginia;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1797  to  1809 ;  in  the 
latter  year,  he  was  appointed  Governor 
of  the  Territory  of  Mississippi,  which  posi 
tion  he  held  until  1817;  and  he  was  Gov 
ernor  of  the  State,  by  election,  from  1817 
to  1819;  and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Mississippi,  from  1820  to 
1825,  when  he  resigned ;  and  he  died  Au 
gust  20,  1832. 

Holmes,  Elias  B.  —  Born  in  Fletch 
er,  Vermont,  May  27,  1807.  He  com 
menced  life  as  a  teacher,  and  at  the  age 
of  twenty  emigrated  to  Monroe  County, 
New  York,  where  he  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  1830.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1845  to  1849. 

Holmes,  Gabriel.  —Born  in  Samp 
son  County,  North  Carolina;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1825  to  1829.  Educated  at 
Harvard  University,  and  was  a  lawyer  by 
profession.  He  was  iu  the  State  Senate 
in  1807,  and  Governor  of  the  State  in 
1821.  He  died  September  26,  1829,  in 
Sampson  County,  North  Carolina,  aged 
sixty-five  years. 


192 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


Holmes,  Isaac  E.—  Born  in  Charles 
ton,  South  Carolina,  April  5,  1786;  educa 
ted  at  the  best  schools  of  his  native  city, 
and  graduated  with  honors  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1815;  he  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  in  Charles 
ton.  He  was  one  of  the  originators  of 
the  "South  Carolina  Association;"  and 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in 
1826.  For  a  time  he  devoted  himself  to 
planting,  but  his  most  distinguished  pub 
lic  service  was  as  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  South  Carolina,  from  1839 
to  1851,  during  which  period  he  served 
with  ability  at  the  head  of  the  Committees 
of  Commerce  and  the  Navy,  and  also  on 
that  for  Foreign  Affairs.  He  subsequently 
took  up  his  residence  in  California;  but, 
having  returned  to  his  native  State,  died 
ill  Charleston,  February  25,  1867. 

Holmes,  John.  —  He  was  born  on 
Cape  Cod  in  March,  1773 ;  graduated  at 
Brown  University  in  1796;  studied  law, 
and  commenced  the  practice  in  Alfred, 
Maine,  in  1799;  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  Legislature  in  1802,  1803, 
and  1812;  and  State  Senator  from  1813 
to  1817;  was  a  Boundary  Commissioner 
under  the  Treaty  of  1815;  was  a  member 
of  the  Convention  to  form  the  Constitu 
tion  of  Maine,  and  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  that  drafted  the  document  in  1820 ; 
having  been  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1817  to 
1820 ;  and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1820  to  1827,  and  from 
1829  to  1833.  For  a  part  of  1829,  and 
from  1835  to  1838,  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Maine  Legislature ;  and  he  was  United 
States  District  Attorney  for  Maine  from 
1841  till  his  death,  which  occurred  at 
Portland,  July  7,  1843.  He  was  a  promi 
nent  member  of  the  bar  for  forty  years, 
and  distinguished  for  his  eloquence  and 
wit. 

Holmes,  Sidney  T.  —  He  was  born 
in  Schaghticoke,  llcnsselaer  County,  New 
York,  in  August,  1815;  settled  with  hus 
father  in  Morrisville,  Madison  County,  in 
1819,  where  he  always  resided;  received 
an  academical  education;  studied  law; 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1841,  prior  to 
which  date  he  spent  five  years  as  a  civil 
engineer;  was  twice  appointed  Loan 
Commissioner  for  Madison  County,  in  1848 
and  1850;  in  1851  was  elected  Judge  and 
Surrogate  for  the  same  county,  and  re- 
elected  in  1855  and  1859,  serving  until 
18G4,  —  altogether  a  period  of  twelve 
years.  In  1864  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Public  Lands  and  Revolutionary  Pen 
sions. 

Holmes,  Uriel.  — HQ  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1784,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 


from  1817  to  1818,  when  he  resigned.     He 
died  in  1827. 

Holseif,  Hopliins. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia  in  1790,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1837  to  1839.  He  subsequently  edited  the 
"Athens  Banner,"  and  tilled  a  large  space 
in  the  politics  of  Georgia.  Died  in  Co 
lumbus,  Georgia,  March  31,  185'J. 

Holt,  Orrin.—lle  was  born  in  Con 
necticut,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  in  1836,  to  fill  an 
uuexpired  term,  and  from  1837  to  1839. 

Holten,  Samuel.— Born  in  Danvers, 
Massachusetts,  June  9, 1738,  and  was  bred 
a  physician.  During  the  Revolution  he 
zealously  espoused  the  cause  of  his  coun 
try,  and  was  a  member  of  the  old  Congress 
from  1778  to  1787,  officiating  at  one  time 
as  its  President;  and  he  also  signed  the 
Articles  of  Confederation.  Ho  was  a 
Representative,  under  the  Constitution, 
from  1793  to  1795;  and  spent  the  closing 
years  of  his  life  as  Judge  of  Probate  for 
Essex  County,  and  died  January  2,  1816. 

Hoole,  Enos. — He  was  born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

HooJcs,  Charles. — Born  in  Bertie 
County,  North  Carolina;  served  for  many 
years  in  the  State  Legislature;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  during  the 
years  1816  and  1817,  and  from  1819  to 
1825.  He  subsequently  removed  to  Ala 
bama,  where  he  died  in  1851. 

Hooper,  Samuel.  —  Was  born  in 
Marblehead,  Massachusetts,  February  3, 
1808 ;  received  his  education  in  that  town ; 
spent  four  years  in  a  counting-room  in 
Boston ;  subsequently  made  repeated  vis 
its  to  Europe  and  the  AVest  Indies,  at 
tending  to  commercial  business;  and  in 
1832  settled  finally  in  Boston  as  a  mer 
chant,  chiefly  engaged  in  the  China  trade, 
the  last  house  of  which  he  formed  a  part 
having  been  long  known  as  William  Ap- 
pletou  &  Co.  In  1851  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  House  of  Representatives, 
served  three  3rears,  and  declined  a  re-elec 
tion  ;  in  1857  was  elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate,  and  declined  to  serve  a  second  term; 
in  1861  he  was  elected,  a  Representative, 
from  Massachusetts,  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Appleton,  in  the  Thirty -seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means ;  and  in  1862  he  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  same  committee.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirt3r-uinth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Ways  and  Means,  Banking  and 
Currency,  and  the  War  Debts  of  the  Loy 
al  States.  In  July,  186G,  he  received  from 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


193 


Howard  University  the  degree  of  Master 
of  Arts,  as  founder  of  the  "  School  of 
Mines."  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1866 ; 
aud  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Hooper,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Boston,  June  17.  1742;  graduated  at  Har 
vard  University  in  1760;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  in  1766  he  set 
tled  in  Wilmington,  North  Carolina;  in 
1770  he  had  the  courage  to  instigate  se 
vere  measures  against  three  thousand 
Regulators  in  that  State,  which  caused  their 
dispersion;  in  1773  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Assembly.  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  from  1774  to 
1777,  and  signed  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence;  in  1776  he  was  a  member  of 
the  "  Hillsborough  and  Halifax  Conven 
tion  ;  "  in  1787  he  retired  from  public  life, 
and  died  in  October,  1790. 

Hooper,  W.  H.—  Born  in  Cambridge, 
Dorchester  County,  Maryland,  December 
25,  1813;  received  a  common-school  edu 
cation  ;  was  for  several  years  a  clerk  in  a 
store  at  Baltimore ;  when  seventeen  years 
of  age  built  a  schooner;  was  for  some 
years  a  merchant  on  the  Eastern  Shore  of 
Maryland,  emigrated  to  Illinois  in  1835, 
from  which  time  until  1849  he  was  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  and  steam- 
boating  on  the  Mississippi.  In  1850  he 
removed  to  Utah ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature,  and  Acting  Secretary  of  the 
Territory ;  and  in  1859  entered  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Utah;  and  was  re-elected  a 
Delegate  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress. 

Hopkins,  Benjamin  F. — He  was 

born  in  Washington  County,  New  York, 
April  22,  1829 ;  received  a  good  English 
education ;  removed  to  Wisconsin  and  be 
came  engaged  in  general  business  pur 
suits  ;  was  Private  Secretary  to  the  Gov 
ernor  of  Wisconsin  for  one  term ;  was  a 
member  of  both  branches  of  the  Legisla 
ture,  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Wisconsin  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Enrolled  Bills  and  Public  Lands. 

Hopkins,  George  W.  —  Born  in 
Goochland  County,  Virginia,  February  22, 
1804.  He  was  educated  at  the  "old  field 
schools  "  of  that  day,  and  for  some  years 
alternately  taught  school  and  studied  law. 
During  the  years  1833  and  1834  he  served 
in  the  House  of  Delegates,  and  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  in  Congress  in  1835, 
and  was  re-elected  until  1847,  serving 
during  one  session  as  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives,  after  which  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Polk  Charge 
d'Affaires  of  the  United  States  to  Portu 
gal.  On  his  return  from  Europe,  in  1849, 
he  went  a  second  time  into  the  House  of 
Delegates  of  Virginia,  and  was  elected 
13 


Speaker  of  the  House.  He  was  subse 
quently  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court,  and  in  1857  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Rela 
tions.  Died  March  2,  1861,  at  which  time 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Legisla 
ture. 

Hopkins,  Samuel. — He  was  born  in 
Albemarle  County,  Virginia.  He  served 
with  distinction  in  the  Revolutionary  war, 
having  fought  at  Princeton,  Trenton,  Moii- 
mouth,  Brandywine,  and  Germantowu, 
and  also  as  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  a  Vir 
ginia  regiment  at  the  siege  of  Charleston. 
He  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1797,  and 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  State 
Legislature;  in  1812  led  two  thousand 
troops  against  the  Kickapoo  Indians :  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Kentucky,  from  1813  to  1815.  "He  died  at 
an  advanced  age  in  October,  1819. 

Hopkins,  Samuel  M.—lle  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1791,  aud  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1813  to  1815.  He  was  an 
eminent  lawyer,  and  much  respected  as  a 
philanthropist  and  a  Christian.  He  died 
at  Geneva,  New  York,  October  8,  1837, 
aged  sixty-five  years. 

Hopkins,  St epJien. — He  was  born 
in  Scituate,  Massachusetts,  March  7, 1707 ; 
was  brought  up  a  farmer ;  in  1742  removed 
to  Providence  and  entered  the  mercantile 
business;  from  1751  to  1754  he  was  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Superior  Court ;  in  1755  he 
was  elected  Governor  of  the  State,  and, 
with  the  exception  of  four  years,  served 
until  1768.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  from  1774  to  1777, 
and  also  in  1778,  and  was  a  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence.  In  1765  he 
published,  by  order  of  the  Assembly, 
"Rights  of  the  Colonies  examined,  and 
an  Account  of  Providence,"  in  two  vol 
umes.  Died  July  13,  1785. 

HopJcinson,  Francis.  —  Born  in 
Philadelphia,  in  1738 ;  his  father  died  when 
he  was  fourteen  years  of  age,  and,  after 
having  been  taught  by  his  mother,  he  en 
tered  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  graduated.  He  studied  law,  but 
was  fond  of  the  fine  arts,  and  indulged  in 
humorous  satire.  In  1765  he  visited  Eng 
land,  and  remained  there  two  years.  On 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution  he 
rendered  good  service  to  the  American 
cause  by  the  power  of  his  pen.  He  was  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Indepen 
dence  ;  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1776  and 
1777;  he  was  a  Judge  of  the  Admiralty 
Court ;  and  subsequently  a  Judge  of  the' 
United  States  District  Court.  Died  o£ 
apoplexy  May  9,  1791. 


19  i 


BIOGRAPHICAL    BE  COEDS. 


IIopMnson,  Joseph.—  Born  in  Phil 
adelphia,  Pennsylvania,  November  12, 
1770;  was  educated  at  the  University  of 
his  native  State,  from  which  institution, 
as  well  as  from  Nassau  Hall  and  Harvard 
University,  he  subsequently  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  He  studied  law,  and 
commenced  to  practise  at  the  age  of  twenty 
at  Easton,  and  afterwards  at  Philadelphia, 
and  became  eminent  in  his  profession.  He 
was  the  leading  counsel  of  Dr.  Rush  in  his 
famous  suit  against  William  Cobbett  in 
1799,  and  was  also  engaged  by  Judge  Chase 
in  his  impeachment  case  before  the  United 
States  Senate.  In  1815  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  Pennsylvania,  and 
served  until  1819,  after  which  he  resided 
in  Bordentown,  New  Jersey,  until  ap 
pointed  by  President  John  Quincy  Adams 
Judge  of  the  District  Court  of  the  United 
States  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Penn 
sylvania,  when  he  returned  to  Philadel 
phia,  and  held  this  office  until  his  death. 
In  1837  he  was  a  member  of  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  the  State ;  was  one 
of  the  Trustees  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania;  was  President  of  the  Phil 
adelphia  Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  and  Vice- 
President  of  the  American  Philosophical 
Society.  He  published  many  interesting 
addresses,  and  wrote  the  song  "Hail, 
Columbia."  He  died  at  Philadelphia,  Jan 
uary  15,  1842. 

Ilorn,  Henri/.—  He  was  aRepresent- 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1831  to  1833. 

HornbecJc,  John  W.— He  was  a  na 
tive  of  New  Jersey,  and  a  graduate  of 
Union  College,  New  York.  Removed  to 
Pennsylvania,  and  turned  his  attention  to 
the  profession  of  law.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1847 
to  1848,  and  died  at  Allentowu,  Pennsyl 
vania,  January  16,  1848. 

Hornblower,  Joslah.  —  Born  in 
Staffordshire,  England,  in  1729.  Did  not 
receive  a  university  education,  but  was  a 
greatstudent  and  made  himself  acquainted 
with'many  important  branches  of  science, 
and  adopted  the  profession  of  civil  engi 
neering.  In  1751  he  came  to  America  to 
build  a  steam  engine  at  the  copper  mines 
near  Belleville,  New  Jersey.  This  is  said 
to  have  been  the  first  engine  built  in  North 
America.  He  became  interested  in  miner 
alogy  and  mining.  He  espoused  the  cause 
of  American  Independence ;  was  several 
years  in  the  State  Legislature,  serving  as 
Speaker;  and  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  from  1785  to  1786.  He 
was  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  a  long  period, 
and  in  1798  was  appointed  Judge  of  Essex 
County  Court,  which  position  he  held  till 
his  death,  which  occurred  January  31, 
1809. 


Jforsei/,    Outerbrldfje. — lie  was  a 

native  of  i)elaware,  and  born  in  1777 ;  after 
completing  his  classical  education,  lie 
studied  law,  under  James  A.  Bayard,  and 
rose  to  eminence  in  his  profession.  He 
Avas  for  many  years  Attorney-General  of 
the  State,  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Delaware,  from  1810  to  1821.  He 
died  at  Needwood,  Maryland,  June  9, 
1842. 

ITorton,  Thomas  JB. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857. 

Horton,    Valentine   B.  —  He  was 

born  at  Windsor,  Vermont,  January  29, 
1802;  was  educated  at  Partridge's  Mil 
itary  Academy,  in  that  State ;  and  after 
that  institution  was  removed  to  Middle- 
town,  Connecticut,  he  became  a  teacher 
therein.  He  studied  law  at  Middletown, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  after 
which  he  removed  to  and  practised  his 
profession  in  Pittsburg.  He  removed  to 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1833,  where  he  fol 
lowed  his  profession  for  two  years,  and  in 
1835  removed  to  Pomeroy,  Ohio,  his  pres 
ent  residence,  where  he  engaged  in  min 
ing  and  manufacturing.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Ohio  "Constitutional  Convention"  of 
1850,  and  in  1854  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  his 
business  iiffairs  causing  him  to  decline  a 
nomination  for  the  next  Congress.  He 
was,  however,  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Ways  and  Means.  In  1861  he 
was  a  member  of  the  "  Peace  Congress," 
held  in  Washington.  He  was  also  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866. 

Hosford,  Jededlah.—RQ  was  born 
in  Vermont,  and,  having  removed  to  New 
York,  was  elected  a  Representative  to 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Hosmer,  HezeJciah  L.—He  was  a 
Representative  to  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1797  to  1799. 

Hosmer,  Titus. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Connecticut,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1775  to  1779,  and  was  a  signer 
of  the  Articles  of  Confederation. 

Hostetter,  Jacob. — He  was  born  In 
York,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1819  to  1821. 

HotchMss,  Giles  IT.— A  lawyer  by 
profession ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  Claims,  and  on 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


195 


Private  Land  Claims.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Claims,  and  Private  Land 

Claims. 

HotcJiIciss,  Julius. — He  was  born  in 
Middletown,  Connecticut,  in  1810;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  turned 
his  attention  to  mercantile  pursuits,  which 
he  subsequently  merged  into  the  manu 
facturing  business;  when  his  native  place 
was  organized  into  a  city,  ho  was  elected 
its  flrst  Mayor;  he  was  twice  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature ;  was  a  candidate  in 
1851  for  the  office  of  Comptroller  of  the 
State ;  and  in  1867  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  Connecticut  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Territories  and  Freedmen's  Affairs. 

Houcfc,  Jr,  Jacob. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1841  to  1843. 

Sough,  David. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1803  to  1807. 

Hough,  William,  J. — He  was  born 
in  New  York;  served  in  the  Assembly  of 
that  State,  in  1835  and  183G;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Houston,  George  S. — He  was  born 
in  Williamson  Count}',  Tennessee,  January 
17,  1811,  but  removed,  when  quite  young, 
to  the  Fifth  Congressional  District  of 
Alabama,  where  he  was  educated,  and  has 
since  resided.  Soon  after  attaining  the 
age  of  twenty-one,  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  elected  to  the  Alabama  Legis 
lature,  and  served  two  sessions ;  he  was 
also,  for  a  time,  Attorney  for  the  State, 
or  Solicitor;  and  was  a  second  time 
elected  to  the  Legislature.  He  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  to  Congress,  in  1841, 
and  continued  to  serve,  by  successive 
elections,  until  1849,  when  he  voluntarily 
retired,  for  the  purpose  of  resuming  the 
practice  of  law.  He  was  again  elected  to 
Congress,  in  1851,  and  subsequently  re- 
elected,  serving  on  several  of  the  leading 
committees,  and  officiating  during  the 
Thirty-filth  Congress  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Judiciary;  having,  dur 
ing  a  former  session,  acted  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  special 
Committee  of  Thirty-three.  Withdrew 
in  February,  18G1.  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "National  Union  Con 
vention"  of  18G6. 

Houston,  John.— Re  was  a  Delegate 
from  Georgia,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1775  to  1777. 

Houston,  John  W.— Born  in  Sus 
sex  County,  Delaware;  studied  at  New 


ark  Academy,  and  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1834.  He  studied  law  with  John 
M.  Clayton,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1837.  He  was  Secretary  of  State  in 
1841 ;  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Delaware,  from  1845  to  1851 ;  and  in  185f> 
he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Supremo 
Court  of  Delaware,  lie  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of  1SG1. 

Houston,  Sam. — Born  inRockbridge 
County,  Virginia,  March  2,  1793.  He  lost 
his  father  when  quite  young,  and  his 
mother  removed  with  her  family  to  the 
banks  of  the  Tennessee,  at  that  time  the 
limit  of  civilization.  Here  he  received 
but  a  scanty  education ;  he  passed  several 
years  among  the  Cherokee  Indians,  and, 
in  fact,  through  all  his  life,  he  seems  to 
have  held  opinions  with  Rousseau,  and 
retained  a  predilection  for  life  in  the  wil 
derness.  After  having  served  for  a  time 
as  clerk  to  a  country  trader,  and  kept  a 
school,  in  1813  he  enlisted  in  the  arm}-, 
and  served  under  General  Jackson,  in  the 
war  with  the  Creek  Indians.  He  distin 
guished  himself  on  several  occasions,  and 
at  the  conclusion  of  the  war  he  had  risen 
to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant,  but  soon  re 
signed  his  commission,  and  commenced 
the  study  of  law  at  Nashville.  It  was 
about  this  time  that  ho  began  his  political 
life.  After  holding  several  minor  offices 
in  Tennessee,  he  was,  in  1823,  elected  to 
Congress,  and  continued  a  member  of 
that  body  until,  in  1827,  he  became  Gov 
ernor  of  Tennessee.  In  1829,  before  the 
expiration  of  his  gubernatorial  term,  he 
resigned  his  office,  and  went  to  take  up 
his  abode  among  the  Cherokees  in  Arkan 
sas.  During  his  residence  among  the 
Indians,  he  became  acquainted  with  the 
frauds  practised  upon  them  by  the  Gov 
ernment  agents,  and  undertook  a  mission 
to  Washington  for  the  purpose  of  expos 
ing  them.  In  the  execution  of  this  proj 
ect,  he  met  with  but  little  success;  he 
became  involved  in  lawsuits,  and  returned 
to  his  Indian  friends.  During  a  visit  to 
Texas  he  was  requested  to  allow  his 
name  to  be  used  in  the  canvass  for  a  Con 
vention  which  was  to  meet  to  form  a 
Constitution  for  Texas,  prior  to  its  ad 
mission  into  the  Mexican  Union.  He  con 
sented,  and  was  unanimously  elected. 
The  Constitution  drawn  up  by  the  Con 
vention  was  rejected  by  Santa  Anna,  at 
that  time  in  power,  and  the  disaffection 
of  the  Texans,  caused  thereby,  was  still 
further  heightened  by  a  demand  upon 
them  to  give  up  their  arms.  They  deter 
mined  upon  a  resistance ;  a  Militia  was  or 
ganized,  and  Austin,  the  founder  of  the  col 
ony,  was  elected  Commander-in-Chief,  in 
which  office  he  was  shortly  after  succeeded 
by  General  Houston.  He  conducted  the 
war  with  vigor,  andlinally  brought  it  to  a 
successful  termination  by  the  battle  of 
San  Jacinto,  which  was  fought  in  April, 
1836.  In  May,  183G,  he  signed  a  treaty 


19G 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


acknowledging  the  independence  of  Tex 
as,  and  in  October  of  the  same  year  he 
was  inaugurated  the  first  President  of  the 
Republic.  At  the  end  of  his  term  of  office, 
as  the  same  person  could  not  constitu 
tionally  be  elected  President  twice  in  suc 
cession,  he  became  a  member  of  the 
Texas  Congress.  In  1841,  however,  he 
was  again  elevated  to  the  Presidential 
chair.  During  the  whole  time  that  he 
held  that  office,  it  was  his  favorite  policy 
lo  effect  the  annexation  of  Texas  to  the 
United  States ;  but  he  retired  from  office 
before  he  saw  the  consummation  of  his 
wishes.  In  1846  Texas  became  one  of  the 
States  of  the  Union,  and  General  Houston 
was  elected  to  the  Senate,  of  which  body 
lie  remained  a  member  until  1859,  the  close 
of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs.  In  1859 
he  was  elected  Governor  of  Texas.  In  a 
letter  that  he  addressed  to  the  compiler 
of  this  volume,  he  said,  in  his  characteris 
tic  manner,  that  he  "  had  risen  from  a 
Sergeant  up  to  President  of  a  Republic, 
and  down  to  a  Senator  of  the  United  States 
Senate."  Died  in  Huntersville,  Texas, 
July  25,  1803.  His  name  was  Sam,  not 
Samuel  as  generally  printed. 

Houston,  William.— He  was  a  Del 
egate  from  Georgia,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1784  to  "1787,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  which  formed 
the  Federal  Constitution,  but  did  not  sign 
the  instrument. 

Houston,  William  C.—  He  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  17G8;  was  a 
Professor  of  Mathematics  in  the  same; 
and  a  Delegate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  from  1779  to  1782, 
and  again  in  1784  and  1785.  Died  in  1788. 

Hoivard,  Benjamin.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1807  to  1810,  when  he  was 
appointed  Governor  of  Indiana  Territory. 
He  was  appointed  Brigadier-General  in 
the  United  States  Army  in  1813 ;  and  was 
once  Governor  of  Missouri  Territory.  He 
died  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  September  18, 
1814. 

Howard  Benjamin  C.  —  He  was 

born  in  Maryland ;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1809 ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from  1829  to 
1833,  and  again  from  1835  to  1839.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace  Con 
gress  "of  1861. 

Howard  Jacob  M.—  He  was  born  in 
Shal'tsbury,  Vermont,  July  10,  1805 ;  was 
educated  at  the  Academies  of  Beunington 
and  Brattleborough,  and  at  Williams'  Col 
lege,  where  he  graduated  in  1830;  studied 
law,  and  taught  in  an  academy  in  Massa 
chusetts  for  a  time ;  removed  to  Michigan 
in  1832,  and  came  to  the  bar  of  that  Ter 


ritory  in  1833 ;  in  183S  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  of  the  State  ;  from  1841 
to  1843  he  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Michigan;  in  1854  he  was 
elected  Attorney-General  of  the  State, 
twice  re-elected,  and  serving  in  all  six 
years ;  and  in  18G2  he  was  elected  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  in  the  place  of  K.  S. 
Bingham,  deceased,  for  the  term  ending 
in  1865,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  Pacific  Railroad,  and  as  a 
member  of  the  Committees  on  Military 
Affairs,  the  Judiciary,  and  Private  Land 
Claims.  He  was  re-elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1865,  and  ending  in  1871,  serving  on  the 
Library  Committee,  and  those  on  Claims, 
Private  Land  Claims,  the  Library,  the 
Special  Joint  Committee  on  the  Rebellious 
States,  and  as  Chairman  of  that  of  Ord 
nance.  He  received  from  Williams  Col 
lege,  in  1866,  the  degree  of  LL.D.,  and  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  the  same  year. 

Hoivard,  John  Eager.— Re  was 

born  June  4,  1752,  in  Baltimore  County, 
Maryland;  and  graduated  at  Princeton 
College.  He  entered  the  army,  in  1776.  as 
a  Captain  in  the  regiment  of  Colonel  J. 
C.  Hall;  in  the  following  year  he  was 
promoted,  till  finally  he  succeeded  to  the 
command  of  the  Second  Maryland  Regi 
ment.  He  was  an  efficient  coadjutor  of 
Greene  during  the  campaign  of  the 
South,  distinguishing  himself  at  the  bat 
tle  of  Covvpeus,  when,  says  Lee,  "  he 
seized  the  critical  moment,  and  turned 
the  fortune  of  the  day;  "  also  at  Guilford, 
and  the  Eutaws.  He  was  in  the  engage 
ment  of  White  Plains,  Germantown,  Mon- 
mouth.  Camden,  and  Hobkirk's  Hill.  Hav 
ing  been  trained  to  the  infantry  service, 
he  was  remarkably  apt  at  charging  into 
close  battle  with  fixed  bayonet;  at  Cow- 
pens  this  mode  of  fighting  was  resorted 
to  for  the  first  time  in  the  war,  and  in 
this  battle  he  had  in  his  hands  at  one  time 
the  swords  of  seven  officers  who  had  sur 
rendered  to  him  personally.  On  this 
occasion  he  saved  the  life  of  the  British 
General  O'Hara,  whom  he  found  clinging 
to  his  stirrup  and  asking  quarter.  When 
the  army  was  disbanded  he  retired  to  his 
patrimonial  estate  near  Baltimore.  In 
1787  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  and  was  in  1788  chosen 
Governor  of  Maryland,  and  held  the  office 
three  years.  He  was  a  Senator  of  the 
United  States,  from  Maryland,  from  1796 
to  1803,  and  was  President  pro  tern,  of  the 
Senate  in  the  Sixth  Congress.  He  died 
October  12,  1827. 

Howard,  Tilghman  A.—  Born  near 
Pickensville,  South  Carolina,  November 
14,  1797.  He  received  a  limited  educa 
tion,  and  commenced  active  life  as  a  clerk 
in  a  store,  and  as  a  school-master;  re 
moved  to  Tennessee  and  devoted  himself 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


197 


to  the  law  ;  when  twenty-seven  years  of 
age  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Tennes 
see  Legislature  ;  was  a  Jackson  Elector  in 
1830;  during  that  year  removed  to  Indi 
ana,  and  was  appointed,  by  President 
Jackson,  District  Attorney  for  that  State; 
and  was  appointed  Charge  d'AQ'aires  to 
Texas  in  1844,  in  which  Republic  he  died, 
August  1C,  1844.  His  term  of  service  as 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Indi 
ana,  was  from  1839  to  1841. 

Harvard,  Volney  E.—He  was  born 
in  Norridgewock,  Maine;  studied  law; 
emigrated  to  Mississippi,  where  he  dis 
tinguished  himself  as  an  editor,  and 
fought  two  duels,  first  with  S.  S.  Prentiss, 
and  next  with  Governor  McNutt;  and, 
having  emigrated  to  Texas,  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1849  to  1853. 


Howard,  William.—  Korn  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Revisal  and 
Unfinished  Business. 

Howard,  William  A.  —  He  was  born 
in  Vermont;  graduated  at  Middlebury 
College  in  1839  ;  and,  having  taken  up  his 
residence  in  Michigan,  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Ways 
and  Means.  Having  contested  the  seat  of 
G.  B.  Cooper  in  I860,  he  became  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  ;  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Select  Committee  of 
Thirty-three.  In  1861  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Lincoln,  Postmaster  at  De 
troit.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Howe,  John  W.—  He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  and,  having  settled  in 
Pennsylvania,  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  1849  to  1853. 

Howe,  Thomas  M.—  He  was  born  in 
Vermont,  and,  having  settled  in  Pennsyl 
vania,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1851  to  1855.  He  was  for 
many  years  Cashier,  and  then  President, 
of  the  Exchange  Bank,  of  Pittsburg. 

Hotve,  Jr.,  Thomas  I7".—  He  was  a 
native  of  New  York,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1851  to  1853. 

Hoive,  Timothy  O.—  Was  born  in 
Livermore,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  Febru 
ary  7,  181G;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion  at  the  Readficld  Seminary;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839  ; 
settled  at  Readfield,  and  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature  of  Maine  in  1845  ;  in  the 
latter  part  of  that  year  he  removed  to 


Green  "Bay,  Wisconsin ;  was  elected  a  Cir 
cuit  Judge  in  that  State,  in  1850,  holding 
the  office  until  1855,  when  he  resigned ; 
and  in  18G1  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Wisconsin,  for  the  term 
ending  in  1867;  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Finance,  Commerce,  Pensions,  and 
Claims,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Enrolled  Bills  and  of  those  on  the  Li 
brary  and  Claims,  and  subsequently  on 
those  on  Appropriations  and  Revolution 
ary  Claims.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention" 
of  18G6,  and  in  January,  1867,  he  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term  ending 
in  1873. 

Howell,  David. — Born  in  New  Jer 
sey  ;  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in 
1766.  Removing  to  Rhode  Island,  he  was 
appointed  Professor  of  Mathematics,  and 
afterwards  of  Law,  in  Brown  University. 
Practised  law  in  Providence,  and  was 
chosen  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court.  He 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1782  to  1785,  and  in  1812  was 
appointed  District  Judge  for  Rhode  Island, 
which  office  he  filled  till  his  death.  He 
died  in  1824,  aged  seventy-seven  years. 

Howell,  Edward. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1832, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State",  from  1833  to  1835. 

Howell,  Elias.—He  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  and,  having  taken  up  his  residence 
in  Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837. 

Howell,  Jeremiah  B.—  He  was  a 

native  of  Rhode  Island,  and  graduated  at 
Brown  University  in  1789 ;  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  from  1811 
to  1817,  and  died  in  1822,  aged  fifty  years. 

Howell,  Nathaniel.— KQ  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1788,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1813  to  1815,  and  died  at  Can- 
andaigua,  New  York,  October  16,  1851, 
aged  eighty-one  years. 

Howland,  Benjamin.— lie  was  a 

native  of  Rhode  Island ;  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1804  to 
1809,  and  died  May  6,  1821. 

Hoivley,  Richard.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1780  to  1781. 

Hubard,  Edmund    W.  —He  was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  \vas  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1841  to  1847. 

Hubbard,  Asahel  W. — He  was  born 
in  Haddam,  Connecticut,  January  18, 1819 ; 


198 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


received  a  district-school  education;  re 
moved  to  Indiana  in  1838,  and  taught 
school  for  a  time ;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  18-11 ;  in  1847  he  was  elected 
to  the  Indiana  Legislature,  and  served 
three  years;  in  1857  he  removed  to  Iowa, 
and  was  chosen  Judge  of  the  Fourth  Judi 
cial  District  of  that  State;  and  in  1862  he 
•was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Iowa, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as 
a  member  .of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs,  and  of  the  Special  Committee  to 
visit  the  Indian  Tribes  of  the  West,  lie- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Public  Expen 
ditures  and  Indian  Affairs ;  also  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  his 
old  committees. 

Hubbard,  Chester  &.—  He  was  born 
in  Hamden,  Connecticut,  November  25, 
1814;  removed  with  his  parents  to  West 
ern  Pennsylvania  in  1815 ;  thence  to  Wheel 
ing,  Virginia,  in  1819;  graduated  at  the 
Wesleyan  University  in  1840;  was  en 
gaged  iu  the  lumber,  iron,  and  banking 
business ;  in  1852  and  1853  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Virginia  Legislature ;  was  a 
member  of  the  "  Eichmond  Convention  " 
of  1861,  and  also  of  the  "  Wheeling  Con 
vention"  of  the  same  year;  served  one 
term  in  the  Senate  of  West  Virginia  after 
its  organization ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Baltimore  Convention  "  of  1864 ;  was  the 
Commissioner  from  West  Virginia  to  the 
Soldiers'  National  Cemetery,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  that  State, 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Manufactures  and  on 
Banking  and  Currency.  He  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  old  committees  and  as  Chairman  of 
that  on  Interior  Department  Expenses. 

Hubbard,  David.— lie  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Alabama,  from  1839  to 
1841,  and  for  a  second  term,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

Hubbard,  Jr.,  Demas.  —  Born  in 
Winlield,  County  of  Herkimer,  New  York, 
January  17,  1806;  received  an  academical 
education;  was  devoted  to  farming  and 
the  practice  of  law ;  was  for  many  years 
Supervisor  of  Chcnango  County,  and  four 
years  Chairman  of  the  Board ;  from  1838 
to  1840  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Leg 
islature;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post 
Roads. 

Hubbard,  Henry.— He  was  born  in 
Charlcstown,  New  Hampshire,  May  3, 
1784 ;  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1803 ;  studied  law,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  Charlestown.  He  came  early  into 
public  life.  He  was  frequently  a  member 


of  the  State  Legislature,  and  for  some 
years  Speaker  of  the  House.  He  was 
Judge  of  Probate  for  Sullivan  County, 
from  1827  to  1829;  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1829  to  1835 ;  and  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress  from  1835  to  1841.  He 
was  also  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  in 
1842  and  1843;  and  from  1846  to  1849 
United  States  Assistant  Treasurer  in  Bos 
ton.  For  a  part  of  the  time,  during  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  he  acted  as 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 
He  died  at  Charlestovvu,  New  Hampshire, 
June  5,  1857. 

Hubbard,  John  If. — He  was  born  in 
Salisbury,  Litchfield  County,  Connecticut, 
in  1805 ;  received  a  good  common-school 
education;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1826,  and  was  a  regular  prac 
titioner  of  his  profession  until  1855.  For 
five  years  he  was  Attorney  for  the  County 
of  Litchfield ;  was  twice  elected  to  the 
State  Senate ;  and  early  in  1863  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Connecti 
cut,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Patents  and 
Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Roads  and  Canals,  and  on  Patents.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Hubbard,  Jonathan  H.—  Born  in 
1768.  He  was  one  of  the  oldest  and  most 
esteemed  citizens  of  Vermont,  and  was 
distinguished  as  a  jurist;  he  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1809  to  1811, 
and  for  many  years  was  one  of  the  Judges 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Vermont.  His 
death  occurred  where  most  of  his  life  was 
spent,  at  Windsor,  Vermont,  September 
20,  1849. 

Hubbard,  Levi. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1813  to  1815;  a  State  Senator 
in  1806, 1807, 1811,  and  1816 ;  also  for  some 
years  a  County  Treasurer;  a  State  Coun 
cillor  in  1829 ;  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1820  and  1828 ;  having  also  been  in  1804 
and  1805  a  member  of  the  State  Legisla 
ture. 

Hubbard,  Michard   D.  —  He  was 

born  in  Berlin,  Connecticut,  September  7, 
1818 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College ;  studied 
law,  and  devoted  his  whole  attention  to 
the  profession ;  and  in  1867  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Connecticut,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Claims  and  Expendituresiu  the 
Post  Office  Department. 

Hubbard,  Samuel  DicJcinson. — 

Born  at  Middletown,  Connecticut,  August 
10, 1799,  and  died  at  the  same  place,  Octo 
ber  8, 1855.  Graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1819;  studied  law,  but  did  not  practise, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


199 


devoting  himself  chiefly  to  the  manufac 
turing  business.  He  served  as  a  Repre 
sentative  through  the  Twenty-ninth  and 
Thirtieth  Congresses.  In  1852  he  was  ap 
pointed  Postmaster-General,  and  held  the 
office  until  the  close  of  President  Fill- 
more's  administration,  after  which  he  re 
tired  to  private  life.  He  was  zealous  in 
the  cause  of  education,  and  assisted  in  the 
establishment  of  the  City  High  School  at 
Middlctown. 

Hubbard,  Thomas  XT.— He  was  a 
native  of  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  and  a 
graduate  of  Yale  College  in  1708.  He 
studied  law,  and  settled  at  Hamilton,  in 
Madison  County,  New  York,  and  was  there 
Surrogate  for  ten  years.  In  1823  he  re 
moved  to  Utica,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1817  to 
1819,  and  from  1821  to  1823.  He  was 
chosen  Presidential  Elector  in  1812,  1844, 
and  1852.  He  died  in  Utica,  May  22,  1857, 
aged  seventy-six  years. 

Hubbell,  Edivin  N. — He  was  born 
in  Coxsackie,  New  York,  August  13,  1815  ; 
received  an  academical  education;  was 
chiefly  devoted  to  the  pursuits  of  manu- 
facturing  and  farming;  held  for  a  time  the 
office  of  County  Supervisor;  and  in  1864 
\vas  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Manufactures, 
Expenditures  in  the  War  Department,  and 
Free  Schools  in  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Hubbell,  James  R. — He  was  born 
in  Delaware  County,  Ohio,  in  1824 ,  re 
ceived  an  ordinary  education;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  served  four  times 
in  the  State  .Legislature,  and  twice  as 
Speaker  of  the  House;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  185G ;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  the  War  Department  and  Agri 
culture.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Hubbell,  William,  S. — He  was  born 
in  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  As 
sembly  of  that  State  in  1841 ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  the  same, 
from  1843  to  1845. 

Hubley,  Edivard  B.— From  1835  to 
1839  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania;  and  died  February  23,  1856, 
in  Philadelphia. 

Hudson,  Charles. — Born  in  Marl- 
borough,  Massachusetts,  November  14, 
1795.  He  spent  his  youth  as  a  student  in 
a  village  school,  and  also  as  a  teacher,  and 
at  the  age  of  twenty- one  was  a  day-la 
borer  on  a  farm.  In  1819  he  was  licensed 
as  a  Preacher  of  the  Universalist  persua 
sion  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 


Legislature  from  1828  to  1833;  a  State 
Senator  from  1833  to  1839 ;  a  State  Coun 
cillor  from  1839  to  1841 ;  and  was 
elected  to  Congress  in  1841,  where  he 
remained  until  1849.  He  was  subsequently 
appointed  Naval  Officer  for  Boston,  Mas 
sachusetts,  by  the  Federal  Government, 
serving  from  1849  to  1853. 

Hufty,  Jacob. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1809  to  1814. 

linger,  Benjamin. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1799  to  1805,  and  for  a  second 
term  from  1815  to  1817. 

Huger,  Daniel. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  Continental  Congress,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Congress  of  the  United 
States,  from  South  Carolina,  from  17S9  to 
1793. 

Huger,  Daniel  Elliot. — Was  a  citi 
zen  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina;  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  1798 ;  and 
for  nearly  half  a  century  was  identified 
with  the  public  service  of  his  State,  as  a 
member  of  the  Legislature,  State  Senate, 
and  Judge  of  her  Courts  ;  and  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
from  1843  to  1846.  He  died  in  Charleston, 
in  August,  1854. 

Hughes,  Charles. — He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and,  having  settled  in  New  York, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1855.  In 
1862  he  was  appointed  Provost-Marshal 
for  the  Sixteenth  District  of  New  York. 

Hughes,    George     W.  —  He    was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  Maryland, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Navy  Department. 

Hughes,  James.— He  was  born  at 
Hampstcad,  Maryland,  November  24, 
1823,  and  was  educated  at  the  State  Uni 
versity  of  Indiana.  He  began  the  practice 
of  law  at  Bloomington,  Indiana,  in  1842; 
was  appointed  First  Lieutenant  of  the  Six 
teenth  Regiment  of  United  States  Infantry, 
one  of  the  ten  regiments  in  the  Mexican 
war,  and  served  till  the  close  of  the  war, 
and  then  returned  to  the  practice  of  law 
in  Bloomington.  He  was  elected  Circuit 
Judge,  in  1852,  for  six  years;  in  1853  was 
elected  Professor  of  Law  in  the  Univer 
sity  of  Indiana,  and  served  three  years. 
He  was  elected  a  Representative,  from  In 
diana,  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Territories.  In  1861  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Buchanan,  a  Judge  of  the  Court 
of  Claims,  which  he  resigned  in  1865.  In 
May,  1866,  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Johnson,  a  Cotton  Agent  for  the  Treasury 


200 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Department ;  and  subsequently  settled  in 
Washington  City  as  an  Attorney-at-La\v, 
but  was  soon  afterwards  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  Indiana. 

Hughes,  James  M.—lle  was  a  native 
of  Kentucky,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Missouri,  from  1843  to  1845. 

Hughes,  Thomas  JET.  —  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1820  to  1833. 

Hughston,  Jonas  A.— lie  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress.  In  1845  he  was  District  Attorney 
for  Delaware  County ;  and  was  subse 
quently  Marshal  of  Shanghai,  where  he 
died  in  1882. 

Hugunin,  Daniel. — He  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  New  York,  and  was 
distinguished  as  an  officer  in  the  war  of 
1812,  and  participated  in  the  stirring 
events  on  the  Niagara  frontier,  and  the 
battle  of  Qtiecnstown,  with  General  Scott, 
where  he  was  taken  prisoner.  He  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1825  to  1827 ;  and  a  m-jiuber  of  the 
New  York  Legislature,  and  at  a  later 
period  United  States  Marshal  for  the  Ter 
ritory  of  Wisconsin,  under  an  appoint 
ment  from  President  Harrison.  He  died 
at  Kenosha,  Wisconsin,  June,  1850,  aged 
fifty-nine* 

Hulbert,  John  IF.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1814  to  1817;  having  succeeded 
Daniel  Dewey,  resigned. 

Hulburd,  Calvin  T.—  He  was  born 
in  Stockholm,  St.  Lawrence  County,  New 
York,  June  5,  1809;  graduated  at  Middle- 
bury  College,  Vermont,  in  1829 ;  read  law 
at  Yale  College,  and  adopted  the  occupa 
tion  of  farming;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  from  1842  to  1844,  and 
again  in  18G2;  and  in  the  latter  year  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Agriculture,  and  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Expenditures,  lie-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  the  Library,  and  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Expenditures;  and 
also,  of  that  on  the  Custom  House  Frauds, 
in  New  York.  He-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Reconstruction ;  and  in  18G7  received  from 
Hamilton  College  the  degree  of  LL.D. 

Humphrey,  CJiarles.—He  was  born 
in  Orange  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1825  to  1827,  and  subsequently 
served  four  years  in  the  Assembly  of  that 
State,  one  year  as  Speaker.  He  died  at 


Albany,  July  18,  1850,  aged  fifty-nine 
years. 

Humphrey,  James.— Born  in  Fair- 
field,  Connecticut,  October  1),  1811;  grad 
uated  at  Amherst  College  in  1831,  of 
which  his  father,  Rev.  Ileinan  Humphrey, 
was  for  many  years  President ;  had  charge, 
in  1832,  of  Plaintield  Academy,  Connecti 
cut;  studied  law,  and  studied  for  practice 
in  Louisville,  Kentucky,  where  he  re 
mained  only  one  year.  In  1838  he  re 
moved  to  the  City  of  New  York,  where  he 
practised  his  profession;  and  in  1858  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs,  and  of  the  Select  Commit 
tee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious 
States.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress.  During  the  summer  of  1865  he 
visited  Europe  on  a  tour  of  pleasure.  In 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  he  served  on 
the  Committee  on  Commerce,  and  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Navy  Department.  Died  in 
Brooklyn,  New  York,  June  16,  1866. 

Humphrey,  J.  M.—  He  was  born  in 
Holland.  Erie  County,  New  York,  Septem 
ber  21,  1819;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
was  District  Attorney  for  Erie  County  in 
1857,  1858,  and  1859 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Senate  from  1863  to  1865 ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Commerce  and 
the  Special  Committee  on  the  Civil  Ser 
vice.  In  1865  he  was  President  of  the 
"  Democratic  State  Convention/'  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  additional  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  State  Department. 

Humphrey,  Reuben.— He  was  for 
four  years  a  Senator  in  the  Legislature  of 
New  York,  from  Ouondaga  County;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1807  to  1809. 

Humphreys,  Charles.  —  He  was  a 
Delegate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  from  1774  to  1776. 

Humphreys,  Jacob.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1819  to  1821. 

Humphreys,  Perry  IF.— He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1813  to  1815. 

Hungerford,  John  O.  — He  was  an 

officer  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1813  to  1817.  "lie  died  at  Twiford,  in 
Westmoreland  County,  December  21, 1833, 
aged  seventy-four  years. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    XECOKDS. 


Hunyerford,  Orville.—Ue  was  born 

in  Connecticut  in  1790,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  iu  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1843  to  1847.  He  died  at  Water- 
town,  April  G,  1855. 

Hunt,  Hiram  P.— lie  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837^  and  again  from  1839  to  1843. 

Hunt,  James  B. — He  was  a  native  of 
New  York,  and  for  many  years  law  part 
ner  with  Michael  Hoffman.  He  removed  to 
Michigan  about  the  time  of  its  admission 
into  the  Union,  and  was  soon  called  to  re 
sponsible  public  trusts.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  Michigan,  from 
1843  to  1847.  He  died  in  Washington, 
August  15,  1857,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Hunt,  Jonathan. — He  represented 
the  State  of  Vermont,  in  Congress,  from 
1827  to  1832,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Public  Lands,  and  died  at  Washington, 
May  14,  of  the  latter  year.  He  was  a 
graduate  of  Dartmouth  College  iu  1807. 

Hunt,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  iu  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1802  to  1805. 

Hunt,  Theodore  G. — He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  from 
Louisiana. 

J  funt,  Washington.— He  was  born  in 
Windham,  Greene  County,  New  York, 
August  5,  1811.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  he 
entered  upon  the  study  of  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  at  Lockport  in  1834. 
In  183G  he  was  appointed  first  Judge  of 
Niagara  County,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  18 13  to  1849,  serv 
ing  during  his  last  term  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Commerce.  In  1849  he 
was  elected  Comptroller  of  New  York, 
and  in  1850  Governor  of  the  State.  He 
was  temporary  Chairman  of  the  last 
"Whig  National  Convention"  ever  held, 
in  1850 ;  and  in  1860  he  was  tendered  the 
nomination  for  the-  office  of  Vice-Presi- 
dent,  but  he  declined.  Since  that  time  he 
has  lived  in  retirement  upon  a  handsome 
farm  near  Lockport,  dividing  his  attention 
between  his  friends,  his  books,  and  the 
pursuits  of  horticulture.  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  "Chicago  Convention"  in 
18G4;  and  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention  "  of  18G6.  Died  in  New 
York  City,  February  2,  1867. 

Hunter,  John.  —  He  was  a  Repre« 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caroli 
na,  from  1793  to  1795,  and  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1795  to 
1796. 

Hunter,  John  JF".— He  was  born  in 


the  village  of  Bedford,  King's  County, 
New  York  (  now  within  the  limits  of  the 
City  of  Brooklyn),  October  15, 1807;  after 
devoting  himself  in  various  ways  to 
measures  which  looked  to  the  progress 
and  advancement  of  his  native  city,  he 
became  identified  with  the  New  York  Cus 
tom  House  as  Clerk  in  1831,  and  in  1837 
as  Assistant  Auditor,  in  which  position  he 
continued  until  his  resignation  in  18G5.  In 
18G4  his  name  was  forged  to  two  checks 
for  $6, GOO  and  $4*,200,  on  the  Assistant 
Treasurer  of  New  York,  and  although  a 
suit  was  instituted  by  that  officer,  the  en 
tire  innocence  of  Mr.  Hunter  was  trium 
phantly  vindicated,  and  the  Treasurer  not 
only  acknowledged  his  error  in  the  prem 
ises,  but  out  of  his  own  pocket  paid  all 
the  expenses  of  the  trial.  This  was  con 
sidered  one  of  the  most  remarkable  cases 
of  the  kind  on  record,  and  only  tended  to 
brighten  the  fair  fame  of  the  temporary 
victim.  In  18G5  he  accepted  the  position 
of  Secretary  of  a  Banking  Institution  in 
Brooklyn;  and  in  18G6  he"  was  elected  by 
a  large  majority,  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
in  the  place  of  James  Humphrey,  de 
ceased,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Commerce,  Banking  and  Currency,  and 
Expenses  in  the  Navy  Department. 

Hunter,  Morton  C.—IIe  was  born 
in  Versailles,  Ripley  County,  Indiana, 
February  5,  1825 ;  went  through  a  scien 
tific  course  of  studies  in  the  Indiana  State 
^University ;  studied  law  and  graduated  as 
sa  lawyer  at  the  above  institution.  In  1858 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ; 
in  I860  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector ;  in 
1862  he  raised  the  Eighty-second  Regi 
ment  of  Indiana  Volunteers,  and  as  Colo 
nel  commanded  it  under  the  fall  of  Atlanta 
in  1864 ;  he  also  had  command  of  a  brig 
ade  under  General  Sherman  in  his  march 
to  the  sea,  and  continued  with  the  Four 
teenth  Army  Corps  until  its  arrival  in 
Washington.  In  March,  1865,  he  was 
brevetted  a  Brigadier-General ;  and  in 
1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Indiana  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Territories  and 
Mines  and  Mining. 

Hunter,  Naisworthy.  —  He  was  a 
Delegate  in  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Mississippi,  from  1801  to  1802.  Died 
March  11,  1802. 

Hunter,  Robert  M.  T.  —  He  was 

born  in  Essex  County,  Virginia,  April  21, 
1809 ;  was  educated  at  the  University  of 
Virginia;  adopted  the  profession  of  law 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1830;  served  three 
years  in  the  State  Legislature ;  and  was 
first  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  his  native  State,  in  1837,  when  he 
served  two  terms,  and  was  re-elected  in 
1845,  officiating  during  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  as  Speaker.  In  1847  he  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  a  long 
term,  and  re-elected  for  the  term  ending 
in  1859,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Finance,  and  as  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  the  Library,  and  on 
the  Pacific  Railroad.  He  was  re-elected 
to  the  Senate  in  1859  for  another  long 
term,  but  was  expelled  July,  1861.  He 
took  part  in  the  Rebellion  as  Secretary  of 
State,  and  a  member  of  Congress  in  the 
Rebel  government.  After  the  Rebellion 
he  was  arrested  as  a  prisoner  of  State, 
but  released  on  his  parole,  and  in  18G7  he 
was  pardoned  by  President  Johnson. 

Hunter,  William. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1817  to  1819.  He  was  also  a  member 
of  the  State  Legislature  in  1807  and  1809, 
and  a  State  Councillor  in  1809,  1814,  and 
1815. 

Hunter,  William.  —  Born  in  New 
port,  Rhode  Island,  November  23,  1775; 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1791 ; 
went  to  London,  and  studied  medicine, 
but  soon  changed  to  the  law,  and  entered 
at  the  Inner  Temple  in  London ;  and  on 
his  return  to  Newport,  at  the  age  of  twen 
ty-one,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  In  1799 
he  was  a  Representative  in  the  General 
Assembly  of  Rhode  Island,  and  re-elected 
at  different  periods  from  that  time  to  the 
year  1811,  Avhen  he  was  chosen  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  and  held  his  seat  till  1821. 
His  speeches,  especially  those  on  the  ac 
quisition  of  Florida,  and  the  Missouri 
Compromise,  won  him  a  high  reputation 
as  a  sagacious  statesman  and  finished  ora 
tor.  In  1834  he  was  Charge  to  Brazil,  an 
office  which  was,  in  1842,  raised  to  a  full 
mission,  and  he  was  continued  as  Minis 
ter  till  1845,  when  he  retired  from  public 
life,  and  resided  at  Newport  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  December  3,  1849. 

Hunter,  William  F.— He  was  born 
in  Alexandria,  Virginia,  December  10, 
1808;  had  few  educational  advantages; 
practised  the  trade  of  a  cabinet-maker  un 
til  1840;  and,  having  studied  law,  removed 
to  Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1853; 
since  which  time  he  has  devoted  himself 
to  his  profession. 

Hunter,    William  H.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1837  to  1839. 

Huntington,  Abel. — He  was  born  in 
Norwich,  Connecticut,  but  at  an  early  age 
removed  to  East  Hampton,  Long  Island, 
and  for  sixty  years  was  a  practising  phy 
sician.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1833  to  1837. 
He  was  Collector  of  Sag  Harbor,  under 
President  Polk;  and  member  of  the  New 
"York  Constitutional  Convention  "of  1846. 


He  died  at  East  Hampton,  May  18,  1858, 
aged  eighty-two  years. 

Huntington,  Benjamin. —Was  a 

native  of  Norwich,  Connecticut;  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1761,  and  practised 
law  iu  his  native  town.  He  was  a  Judge 
of  the  Superior  Court  of  the  State,  from 
1793  to  1798,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Continental  Congress,  from  1780  to  1784, 
and  also  from  1787  to  1788;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  under  the  Consti 
tution,  from  1789  to  1791.  He  was  Mayor 
of  Norwich  for  twelve  years,  and  he  died 
in  1800.  Received  from  Dartmouth  Col 
lege  the  degree  of  LL.B. 

Huntington,  Ebenezer.  —  He  was 

born  in  Norwich,  Connecticut,  and  died 
there  in  May,  1834,  aged  ninety-seven 
years.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1775 ;  joined  the  army  the  same  year  as  a 
volunteer;  was  soon  commissioned  as  a 
Lieutenant;  in  1776  he  was  appointed  a 
Captain,  and  also,  Deputy  Adjutant-Gen 
eral;  in  1777  a  Major;  in  1779  a  Lieuten 
ant-Colonel;  and  he  was  present  at  the 
surrender  of  Cornwallis,  at  Yorktown. 
He  was  twice  elected  to  Congress,  from 
Connecticut,  serving  from  1810  to  1811, 
and  again  from  1817  to  1819.  In  1799  he 
was,  at  the  recommendation  of  Washing 
ton,  appointed  a  Brigadier-General  in  the 
army  raised  by  Congress,  when  expecta 
tions  were  entertained  of  a  war  with 
France. 

Huntington,  Jabez    W.  —  Born  in 

Norwich,  Connecticut,  November  8,  1788, 
and  graduated  at  Yale  College  iu  1806. 
He  studied  law  at  Litchfielcl,  and  com 
menced  to  practise  there,  where  he  re 
mained  thirty  years.  In  1828  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  in 
1829  was  a  Representative  in  Congress; 
which  office  he  filled  until  1834,  when  he 
removed  to  Norwich,  and  became  a  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Errors,  and  was 
chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
his  State.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  1840  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
at  Norwich,  November  1,  1847. 

Huntington,    Samuel.  —  He   was 

born  in  Wiiidham,  Connecticut,  July  3, 
1732  ;  although  not  liberally  educated,  he 
acquired  a  knowledge  of  law  and  early 
came  to  the  bar;  settled  in  Norwich  and 
became  eminent  in  his  profession ;  in  1764 
he  was  elected  to  the  General  Assembly 
of  the  State;  in  1765  was  appointed  King's 
Attorney;  in  1774  was  appointed  a  Judge 
of  the  Superior  Court;  in  1775  elected  to 
the  Council;  was  a  signer  of  the  Declara 
tion  of  Independence,  and  of  the  Articles 
of  Confederation ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  from  1776  to  1784, 
serving  as  President  in  1779;  in  1784  he 
was  appointed  Chief  Justice ;  and  he  was 
Governor  of  the  State  of  Connecticut 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


from  178G  to  179G,  and  died  January  5, 
lu  the  latter  year. 

Huntsman,  Adam. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Virginia,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1835  to 
1837. 

Hutchins,  John*— Born  in  Vienna 
Township,  Trumbull  County,  Ohio,  July 
25,  1812;  was  chiefly  educated  by  private 
tutors,  although  he  spent  one  year  at  the 
Western  Reserve  College;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837;  in 
1838  was  appointed  Clerk  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  for  Trumbull  County,  hold 
ing  the  position  five  years ;  in  1849  he  was 
elected  to  the  Ohio  Legislature;  served  a 
number  of  years  as  a  Bank  Director;  and 
in  1858  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Claims.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Manufactures.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Hutchins,  Wells  A.—  Was  born  in 
Hartford,  Trumbull  County,  Ohio,  October 
8, 1318 ;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion;  taught  school  for  several  years  in 
Ohio  andlndiana;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  his  twenty-third  year;  was 
elected  to  the  Ohio  Legislature  in  1851 ; 
in  1862  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  six 
Provost-Marshals  for  Ohio;  and  in  1862 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 

Hutson,  RicJiard.—YLe  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1865 ;  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1778  to  1779,  and 
was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Articles  of 
Confederation. 

Huyler,  John.—  He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and, having  become  a  citizen  of  New 
Jersey,  was  elected  a  Representative  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  that  State, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Agriculture. 

Hyneman,  John  M.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1811  to  1813,  when  he  re 
signed,  and  D.  Udree  was  elected  in  his 
place.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Pennsylvania  in  1803.  In  1810, 
was  commissioned  Clerk  of  the  Orphans' 
Court  of  Berks  County,  and  remained  in 
that  ofllce  for  six  years.  In  1814,  was 
commissioned  County  Surveyor,  and  re 
mained  in  that  office  for  ten  years. 

Ihrie,  Peter.  —  He  was  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 


in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to 
1833. 

Hslej/,  Daniel. — Born  in  Falmouth, 
Massachusetts,  in  1740;  was  a  distiller  by 
occupation ;  served  three  years  in  the 
State  Legislature ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1807  to  1809.  Died  in  1813. 

Imlay,  James  H. —  He  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1786;  was,  for  a 
time  tutor  in  that  institution ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1797  to  1801. 

Inge,  Samuel  W.— He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  and,  on  removing  to  Ala 
bama,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1851.  Subsequently  removed  to  Califor 
nia  and  practised  law. 

Inge,  William  M.  —  He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833 
to  1835. 

Ingersoll,  Charles  J.  —  Born  in 
Philadelphia,  October  3,  1782 ;  received  a 
liberal  education;  was  a  Representative 
iu  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1813 
to  1815,  when  he  was  appointed  United 
States  District  Attorney  for  Pennsylva 
nia,  which  he  held  until  1829.  In  1837  he 
was  appointed  Secretary  of  Legation  to 
Prussia.  He  was  afterwards  re-elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1841  to 
1847,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  He  published 
a  "  History  of  the  Second  American  AVar 
with  Great  Britain,"  and  several  other 
works  of  minor  importance,  including 
some  poetry.  He  also  served  as  a  mem 
ber  of  various  Internal  Improvement  Con 
ventions  ;  and  in  1847  was  appointed  by 
President  Polk  Minister  to  France,  but 
was  rejected  by  the  Senate.  Died  in  Phil 
adelphia,  May  14,  1862.  Was  brother  of 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll. 

Ingersoll,  Colin  31".— He  was  born 
in  Connecticut  in  1820;  received  a  liberal 
education,  and  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  was  Secretary  of  Legation  at  St. 
Petersburg,  by  appointment  of  President 
Polk ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1851  to 
1855. 

Ingersoll,  Ebon  C.— Born  in  Oneida 
County,  New  York,  December  12,  1831; 
removed  with  his  father  to  Illinois  in  1843 ; 
finished  his  education  at  Paducah,  Ken 
tucky  ;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar 
in  1854;  in  1856  he  was  elected  to  the  Illi 
nois  Legislature;  and  in  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Illinois,  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  for  the  unex« 
pired  term  of  Owen  Lovejoy ;  re-elected 


204 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia.  Also  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  continuing  at  the  head 
of  his  old  committee. 

Ingersoll,  Jared. —  He  was  born  in 
1749;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1766; 
attained  high  rank  as  a  lawyer;  was  a 
Delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  in  1780  and  1781 ;  Mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  which  framed  the 
Federal  Constitution,  and  signed  that  in 
strument;  was  for  many  years  Attorney- 
General  for  Pennsylvania;  and  Judge  of 
the  District  Court  of  the  United  States  at 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
1822.  In  1812  he  was  the  Federal  candi 
date  for  the  office  of  Vice-President ;  and 
he  received  from  Yale  College  the  degree 
ofLL.D. 

Ingersoll,  Joseph  It.  —  Born  in 
Philadelphia,  June  14,  1786 ;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1804;  a  lawyer  by 
profession,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1835  to 
1837;  and  from  1842  to  1849,  and  for  a 
time  Chairman  of  the  Judiciary  Commit 
tee.  He  was  appointed  by  President  Fill- 
more,  in  1852,  Minister  to  England.  The 
titles  of  LL.D.  and  D.C.L.  Oxon.,  were 
conferred  upon  him.  Died  in  Philadel 
phia,  February  20,  1868. 

Ingersoll,  Ralph  */".— He  was  born 
in  New  Haven,  Connecticut;  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1808 ;  served  in  the  Legis 
lature  of  Connecticut;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1825  to  1833,  and  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Polk,  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to 
Eussia. 

Ingham,  Samuel. — He  was  born  in 
Hebron,  Connecticut,  September  5,  1793 ; 
received  a  good  English  education  in 
Vermont,  and  studied  law  in  Connecticut, 
having  been  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815, 
and  in  1817  he  settled  at  Saybrook,  which 
has  since  been  his  home.  From  1827  to 
1835  he  was  State's  Attorney  for  the  Coun 
ty  of  Middlesex,  and  again  in  1843  and 
1844;  he  was  a  Judge  of  Probate  from 
1829  to  1833;  Judge  of  the  Middlesex 
County  Court  from  1849  to  1853 ;  and  was 
a  Representative,  in  Congress,  from  Con 
necticut,  from  1835  to  1839,  having  offici 
ated  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs,  and  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Commerce.  He  also  served 
a  number  of  years  in  the  Senate  and  House 
of  Representatives  of  Connecticut,  three 
years  as  Speaker,  and  was  one  year  Clerk 
of  the  House ;  he  was  appointed  in  1837, 
by  the  State,  as  agent  to  prosecute  certain 
claims  against  the  United  States,  and  was 
successful;  and  in  1857  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Buchanan,  Commissioner  of 
Customs.  In  1854  he  was  a  candidate  for 


the  office  of  United  States  Senator,  and 
received  the  entire  vote  of  his  party  in 
the  Legislature,  but  Senator  Foster  was 
elected. 

Ingham,  Samuel  Z>.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  September  16,  1773;  re 
ceived  a  good  education ;  had  the  man 
agement  for  some  years  of  a  paper-mill  in 
Eastern  New  Jersey;  served  three  years 
in  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature ;  held  for 
a  time  the  office  of  Prothonotary  to  one  of 
the  Courts  of  that  State ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1813  to  1818,  and  from  1822  to 
1829,  serving  as  Chairman  of  several 
Committees,  when  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Jackson,  Secretary  of  the  Treas 
ury.  Died  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  June 
5,  1860. 

Iredell,  James. —Born  in  Chowan 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1788,  and  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  1806.  He 
was  for  several  years  in  the  Legislature  of 
that  State,  part  of  the  time  Speaker  of 
the  House;  in  1812  commanded  a  compa 
ny  of  volunteers,  who  went  to  Norfolk  to 
repel  the  British;  in  1819  he  was  appoint 
ed  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court;  in  1827 
was  elected  Governor  of  North  Carolina; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1823 
to  1831.  Toward  the  close  of  his  life  he 
was  a  Reporter  of  the  Decisions  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  and  died  at  Edenton, 
April  13,  1853. 

Irvln,  Alexander.  —  He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1847  to  1849. 

Irvln,  James.  —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1845. 

Irvin,  William  TF.— He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature  of  Ohio,  and 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Ohio,  from  1829  to  1833.  He  died  at  Lan 
caster,  Ohio,  April,  1842. 

Irvine,  William.— Born  in  Ireland ; 
educated  for  the  medical  profession; 
served  as  Surgeon  on  board  of  a  British 
ship,  in  the  war  which  began  in  1754,  and 
after  the  peace  of  1763,  settled  at  Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania.  In  1774  he  was  a  member 
of  the  "  State  Convention  ;  "  in  1776  he 
served  in  Canada,  and  accompanied  Colo 
nel  Thompson  from  Sorelle  to  dislodge 
the  enemy  from  Trois  Rivieres ;  but  was 
taken  prisoner,  June  J  I,  and  remained  as 
such  at  Quebec  until  exchanged  in  1778. 
On  his  release  he  was  promoted  to  the 
command  of  the  Second  Pennsylvania 
Regiment,  and  in  1781  the  defence  of  the 
north-western  frontier  was  intrusted  to 


BIOCrEAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


205 


him,  and  he  attained  the  rank  of  Major- 
General.  He  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1797;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  after  the  war,  from  1793  to  1795. 
He  was  a  Commissioner  during  the  Whis 
key  Insurrection  of  1791,  and  removed 
shortly  after  to  Philadelphia,  and  was  ap 
pointed  Superintendent  of  Military^  Stores. 
He  died  July  30,  1804,  aged  sixty-three 
years.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  from  Penn 
sylvania  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  178G  to  1788. 

Irvine,  William. — He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  Militia. 

Irving,  William. — He  was  born  in 
the  City  of  New  York,  August  16,  17G6  ; 
from  1787  to  1791  was  an  Indian  trader  on 
the  Mohawk;  was  subsequently  a  mer 
chant  in  New  York  City,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  1813  to  1819,  and 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Com 
merce  and  Manufactures.  He  was  a  broth 
er  of  Washington  Irving,  for  whose 
"  Salmagundi"  he  wrote  several  poems 
and  essays.  He  was  distinguished  for  his 
colloquial  powers,  and  was  a  popular  as 
well  as  an  influential  member  of  Congress, 
but  he  resigned  before  the  expiration  of 
his  term,  on  account  of  his  health.  He 
died  November  9,  1821. 

Invin,  tTared.—Tle  was  a  member  of 
the  Convention  which  adopted  the  Consti 
tution  of  1789;  was  Governor  of  Georgia, 
from  179G  to  1798,  and  also  from  1806  to 
1809.  He  removed  to  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1813  to  1817,  and  died 
March  1,  1818,  aged  sixty-eight  years. 

Irwln,  Thomas. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to 
1831,  and  was  in  the  latter  year  appointed, 
by  President  Jackson,  United  States  Judge 
of  the  Western  District  of  Pennsylvania. 

Irwln,    William     W.— He   was  a 

member  of  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1841  to  1843;  and  from  1843  to  1847 
he  was  Charge  d'Aflaires  of  the  United 
States  to  Denmark.  He  died  in  Pitts- 
burg,  September  15,  1856. 

Isaclcs,  Jacob  C. — He  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Tennessee,  from  1823  to  1833. 

Iverson,  Alfred. — Born  in  Burke 
County,  Georgia,  December  3, 1798 ;  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  1820 ;  a  law 
yer  by  profession ;  served  three  years  as  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
and  one  year  as  Senator  in  the  Legislature 
of  Georgia.  Twice  elected  Judge  of  the 


Supreme  Court  of  that  State  for  terms  of 
three  and  four  years;  was  one  of  the  Elect 
ors  at  large  in  the  Presidential  election 
of  1844;  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  and  served  two  years. 
In  1854  he  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  six  years,  from  March  4,  1855, 
and  for  a  long  time  acted  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Claims,  and  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  Military  Affairs 
and  the  Pacific  Railroad.  Withdrew  in 
February,  1861,  and  joined  the  great  Re 
bellion. 

Ives,  Willard.  —  He  was  born  in 
Watertown,  New  York,  July  7,  1806 ;  re 
ceived  a  good  English  education;  is  a 
farmer  by  occupation ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  New  York, 
from  1851  to  1853.  In  1846  he  was  elected 
by  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  a  Del 
egate  to  the  "  Christian  World's  Conven 
tion,"  which  was  held  in  London. 

Izard,  Ralph.  —  A  Senator  of  the 
United  States  from  South  Carolina,  from 
1789  to  1795;  President  of  the  Senate  pro 
tern,  during  the  first  session  of  the  Third 
Congress ;  and  a  distinguished  and  elo 
quent  statesman.  In  the  judgment  of 
Washington,  no  man  was  more  honest  in 
public  life.  He  died  at  South  Bay,  May  30, 
1804,  aged  sixty-six  years. 

Jack,  William.  —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsj'lvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

Jackson,  Andrew.— Born  at  War 
saw  Settlement,  North  Carolina,  March  15, 
1767.  When  fourteen  years  of  age  he  left 
the  Academy  where  he  had  been  placed 
and  entered  the  Revolutionary  army,  and 
at  the  age  of  twenty-one  established  him 
self  as  a  lawyer  in  Western  North  Caro 
lina.  When  that  part  of  the  country 
became  a  Territory,  in  1790,  President 
Washington  appointed  him  Attorney  of 
the  United  States  for  the  new  district. 
When  said  Territory  was  formed  into  the 
State  of  Tennessee,  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Convention  which  drew  up  the  new 
Constitution,  and  he  was  immediately 
chosen  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
serving  one  term,  when  he  was  transferred 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  where  he  con 
tinued  until  1798.  His  next  public  posi 
tion  was  that  of  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court;  and  having  been  chosen  Major- 
General  of  one  of  the  divisions  of  the  Ten 
nessee  Militia,  he  retained  the  office  until 
1814,  when  he  went  into  the  regular  army 
with  the  same  rank.  He  was  assigned  to 
the  command  of  the  army  at  New  Or 
leans,  and  January  8,  1815,  obtained  his 
famous  victory  over  the  British.  In  1817- 
'18  he  conducted  the  Seminole  war  in 
Florida,  and  soon  after  retired  from  the 
army.  In  1823  he  was  again  elected  a 


206 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


Senator  in  Congress,  and  remained  there 
two  years.  He  was  elected  President  in 
1828,  and  re-elected  in  1832.  The  events 
which  marked  his  administration  were  the 
difficulties  with  France,  the  suppression 
of  the  Nullification  movement  in  South 
Carolina,  the  Indian  war  in  Florida,  and 
the  removal  of  the  deposits  from  the  Uni 
ted  States  Bank.  He  retired  to  private 
life  in  1836,  and  in  the  peaceful  shades  of 
the  Hermitage,  in  Tennessee,  he  died, 
June  8,  1845.  That  he  was  a  remarkable 
man  is  the  undisputed  verdict  of  his  coun 
trymen  throughout  the  Union. 

Jackson,  David. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Pennsylvanla,to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1785  to  1786. 

Jackson,  David  S.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1848. 

Jackson,  Jr.,  Ebenezer.—He  was 
born  in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  to  fill 
an  unexpired  term,  from  1834  to  1835. 

Jackson,  Edward  B. — He  was  born 
in  Harrison  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1820  to  1823,  his  first  term 
having  been  in  continuation  of  that  filled 
by  James  Pingale,  resigned.  Died  Sep 
tember  8,  1826. 

Jackson,  Jabez. — He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1836  to  1839. 

Jackson9  James.— Born  in  Devon, 
England,  in  1757,  and  carne  to  this  coun 
try  in  1772.  Early  In  the  American  Revo 
lution  he  joined  the  army;  in  1778  was 
made  Brigade-Major;  and  in  1781  com 
manded  the  Legionary  Corps  of  the  State 
of  Georgia.  When  the  British  evacuated 
Savannah,  July  12,  1782,  he  received  the 
keys.  For  his  various  services,  the  As 
sembly  of  the  State  presented  him  with  a 
house  and  lot  in  Savannah.  On  the  return 
of  peace  he  engaged  with  success  in  the 
practice  of  law;  in  1780  he  fought  a  duel 
with  Lieutenant  Governor  Wells,  whom 
he  slew,  but  was  wounded  himself  in  both 
knees;  and  he  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  first  Constitu 
tion  of  Georgia.  He  was  chosen  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  in  1789,  from 
Georgia,  and  after  the  close  of  his  first 
term  he  successfully  contested  the  seat  of 
Anthony  Wayne;  and  in  1793  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator,  which  office  he  resigned 
in  1795.  He  was  one  of  those  who  voted 
for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on 
the  Potomac.  He  was  Major-General  of 
the  Georgia  Militia,  and  Governor  of  the 
State  from  1798  till  his  election  as  Senator 


in  1801.     He  died  March  18,  1806,  aged 
forty -eight  years. 

Jackson,  James.— He  was  born  in 
Jefferson  County,  Georgia,  in  1819;  grad 
uated  at  the  University  of  Georgia,  in 
1837 ;  and,  having  studied  law,  commenced 
the  practice  in  1840.  In  1842  he  was  elect 
ed  Secretary  of  the  Senate  of  Georgia, 
holding  the  office  one  year;  in  1845  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  same  position  in  1847;  in 
1849  he  was  chosen  by  the  Legislature 
Judge  of  the  Western  Circuit  of  his  State, 
and  was  elected  to  the  same  office  by  the 
people  in  1853,  and  again  in  1857.  In  June, 
of  that  year  he  was  nominated  for  Con 
gress,  resigned  his  judgship,  and  in  Octo 
ber  following  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims,  and 
Revolutionary  Claims.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress.  Resigned  in  Feb 
ruary,  1861,  and  returned  to  Georgia. 

Jackson,  James  S. — He  was  born 
in  Madison  County,  Kentucky,  and  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  he  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  a  Captain  of  Volunteers. 
In  1861  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  ;  but,  while  the  Rebellion  was  pro 
gressing,  he  recruited  a  Regiment  of 
Kentucky  Cavalry ;  was  subsequently  ap 
pointed  a  Brigadier-General,  and  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Porryville,  in  1862, 
bravely  fighting  in  the  service  of  his  coun 
try. 

Jackson,  John  G. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1795  to  1797,  from  1799  to  ISlO^and  agaiu 
from  1813  to  1817. 

Jackson,  Jonathan. — He  was  born 
in  Boston,  in  1743;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  17G1 ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1782;  United 
States  Marshal  from  1789  to  1791 ;  Treas 
urer  of  Massachusetts  from  1802  to  180(5; 
and  he  was  Treasurer  of  Harvard  College 
from  1807  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
in  1810. 

Jackson,  Joseph  W.—  He  was  fre 
quently  a  member  of  the  City  Council  of 
Savannah ;  at  one  time  Mayor  of  the  city ; 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  State 
Legislature;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1850  to 
1853.  Died  at  Savannah,  December  28, 
1854. 

Jackson,  Jr.,  Richard. — Born  in 
1764,  and  died  at  Providence,  April  18, 
1838.  He  was  a  member  of  Congress  from 
Rhode  Island,  from  1808  to  1815.  In  early 
life  he  was  engaged  in  mercantile  busi 
ness,  and  was  among  the  firsi  in  this  coun 
try  who  embarked  in  the  manufacture  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


207 


cotton.  He  filled  several  important  public 
offices,  and  was  distinguished  for  las  be 
nevolence. 

Jackson,  Thomas  B.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1841 ;  and  was  also  for  three  years  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Assembly  of  New  York. 

Jackson,  William. — He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  September  G,  1783;  was 
one  of  the  pioneers  of  railroad  enterprise 
in  Massachusetts,  and  from  1834  to  1837, 
and  1841  to  1843,  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  that  State.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  from 
1829  to  1832,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death 
President  of  the  Newton  Bank.  He  died 
at  Newton,  Massachusetts,  February  27, 
1855. 

Jackson  W.  T. — Born  in  Chester, 
Orange  County,  New  York,  December  29, 
1794 ;  received  a  common-school  education, 
and  has  been  chiefly  employed  in  mercan 
tile  business.  He  was  Justice  of  the 
Pease  several  years  in  Havana,  New  York, 
and  held  the  office  of  County  Judge  four 
years.  lu  1848  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  and  served  one 
term. 

Jacobs,  Israel. — He  was  born  in 
Germany,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1791 
to  1793. 

James,  Charles  T.— Was  born  in 
West  Greenwich,  Rhode  Island,  in  1806 ; 
received  a  limited  education;  early  turned 
his  attention  to  mechanics  as  connected 
with  the  cotton  interest ;  wrote  a  series 
of  papers  on  the  culture  and  manufacture 
of  cotton  in  the  South;  received  the  de 
gree  of  M.A.  from  Brown  University  in 
1838 ;  and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  1851  to  1857,  from  Rhode  Island.  He 
subsequently  invented  a  rifled  cannon,  and 
met  his  death  from  the  explosion  of  a 
shell  of  his  own  invention,  while  trying 
experiments  at  Sag  Harbor,  New  York, 
October  17,  1862. 

•Tames,  Francis. — He  was  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1843. 

Jatneson,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Missouri,  from  1830  to 
1831,  and  again  from  1843  to  1845,  and  for 
another  term  from  1847  to  1849. 

Janes,  Henry  F. — He  was  born  at 
Brimfleld,  Hampden  County,  Massachu 
setts,  in  October,  1792 ;  studied  law  in 
Montpelier,  Vermont,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Washington  County  in  1817, 


and  commenced  to  practise  at  Waterbury 
in  that  year.  From  1820  to  1830  he  was 
Postmaster  at  Waterbury ;  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislative  Council  from  1830 
to  1834,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Vermont,  from  1834  to  1837. 
He  was  State  Treasurer  from  1838  to  1841 ; 
a  member  of  the  Council  of  Censors  in 
1848;  and  a  member  of  the  Legislature, 
from  Waterbury,  in  1855 ;  since  which 
time  he  has  practised  his  profession. 

Jarnagln,  Spencer.  —  Born  in 
Granger  County,  Tennessee ;  graduated 
at  Greenville  College  in  1813;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817;  and 
was  United  States  Senator,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1841  to  1847.  He  died  in  Mem 
phis,  Tennessee,  June  24,  1851. 

Jarvis,  Leonard.— lie  was  born  in 
1782 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1800;  and  died  in  Surry,  Maine.  September 
18,  1854.  He  was  Sheriff  of  Hancock 
County,  from  1821  to  1829;  Collector  of 
Customs  for  the  Penobscot  District  from 
1829  to  1831 ;  and  a  Representative  iu 
Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1831  to  1837, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs.  From  1838  to  1841  he  held 
the  office  of  Navy  Agent  for  the  port  of 
Boston. 

Jay,  John. — Was  born  in  New  York, 
December  12,  1745;  graduated  at  King's 
College  in  1764;  studied  law  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1768 ;  and  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  from  1774  to 
1777,  and  from  1778  to  1779.  In  1776  he 
was  recalled  from  Congress  to  aid  in 
forming  the  Government  of  New  York, 
and  for  that  reason  he  was  not  present  to 
sign  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 
From  1777  to  1779  he  was  Chief  Justice 
of  the  State,  but  resigned  to  till  the  post 
of  President  of  Congress ;  in  1779  he  was 
appointed  Minister  to  Spain ;  was  a  Com 
missioner  to  negotiate  peace  with  Eng 
land  ;  signed  the  definitive  treaty  at  Paris 
in  1783 ;  and  was  appointed  by  Congress 
Secretary  of  State.  Though  not  a  mem 
ber,  he  aided  at  the  Convention  which 
formed  the  Federal  Constitution;  he  also 
assisted  Hamilton  and  Madison  in  editing 
the  "  Federalist ;"  and  iu  1789  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  Washington  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Supreme  Court,  which  he  resigned  in 
1794  to  accept  the  mission  to  England, 
when  he  negotiated  the  treaty  which  bears 
his  name.  He  was  Governor  of  New 
York  from  1795  to  1801,  after  which  he 
retired  to  private  life.  Died  in  1829. 

Jayne,  William.— Born  in  Spring 
field, 'Illinois,  October  8,  1826;  adopted 
the  profession  of  medicine,  and  practised 
eleven  years  in  Springfield;  iu  1859  was 
elected  Mayor  of  that  city ;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  in  1860  and  1861; 
during  the  latter  year  was  appointed  Gov- 


208 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


ernor  of  Dacotah  Territory ;  and  in  1862 
he  was  elected  a  Delegate  from  Dacotah  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress.  After  occu 
pying  his  seat  for  some  time,  he  was 
superseded  by  J.  B.  S.  Todd. 

Jefferson,  Thomas.— He  was  born 
at  Shadwell,  Virginia,  in  1743.  His  edu 
cation  was  principally  conducted  by  pri 
vate  tutors,  although  he  passed  two  years 
at  the  College  of  William  and  Mary.  He 
adopted  the  law  as  his  profession ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  of  Virginia 
from  1769  to  the  commencement  of  the 
American  Revolution.  In  1775  he  was  a 
Delegate  in  Congress ;  and  on  May  15, 
1776,  the  Convention  of  Virginia  instruct 
ed  their  delegates  to  propose  a  Declaration 
of  Independence.  In  June,  Mr.  Lee  ac 
cordingly  made  the  motion,  and  it  was 
voted  that  a  committee  be  appointed  to 
prepare  one.  The  committee  was  elected 
by  ballot,  and  consisted  of  Thomas  Jeffer 
son,  John  Adams,  Benjamin  Franklin, 
Roger  Sherman,  and  Robert  R.  Livingston. 
The  Declaration  was  exclusively  the  work 
of  Jefferson,  to  whom  the  right  of  draught 
ing  it  belonged,  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee,  though  alterations  and  amendments 
were  made  in  it  by  Adams,  Franklin,  and 
other  members  of  the  Committee,  and 
afterwards  by  Congress.  Jefferson  retired 
from  Congress  September,  1776,  and  took 
a  seat  in  the  Legislature  of  his  State  in 
October.  In  1779  he  was  chosen  Govern 
or,  and  held  the  office  two  years.  He 
declined  a  foreign  appointment  in  1776, 
and  again  in  1781.  He  accepted  the  ap 
pointment  of  one  of  the  Commissioners 
for  negotiating  peace ;  but  before  he  sailed, 
news  was  received  of  the  signing  of  the 
provisional  treaty,  and  he  was  excused 
from  proceeding  on  the  mission.  He  re 
turned  to  Congress.  In  1784  he  wrote 
notes  on  the  establishment  of  a  money- 
unit,  and  of  a  coinage  for  the  United 
States ;  in  May  of  that  year  he  was  ap 
pointed,  with  Adams  and  Franklin,  a  Min 
ister  Plenipotentiary  to  negotiate  treaties 
of  commerce  with  foreign  nations.  In 
1785  he  was  Minister  to  the  French  Court. 
In  1789  he  returned  to  America,  and  re 
ceived  from  Washington  the  appointment 
of  Secretary  of  State,  which  he  held  till 
December,  1793,  and  then  resigned.  In 
September,  1794,  when  an  appointment 
was  offered  him  by  Washington,  he  re 
plied,  "No  circumstance  will  ever  more 
tempt  me  to  engage  in  anything  public." 
Notwithstanding  this  determination,  he 
suffered  himself  to  be  a  candidate  for 
President,  and  was  chosen  Vice-President 
in  179G.  At  the  election  in  1801  he  and 
Aaron  Burr  having  an  equal  number  of 
electoral  votes  for  President,  the  House 
of  Representatives,  after  a  severe  strug 
gle,  finally  determined  in  his  favor.  He 
was  re-elected  in  1805.  At  the  end  of  his 
second  term  he  retired  from  ofllce.  He 
died  July  4,  1826,  at  one  o'clock  in  the 


afternoon,  just  fifty  years  from  the  date 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  Prep 
arations  had  been  made  throughout  the 
United  States  to  celebrate  this  clay  as  a 
jubilee ;  and  it  is  a  most  remarkable  fact, 
that  on  the  same  day  John  Adams,  a  sign 
er  with  Jefferson  of  the  Declaration,  and 
the  second  on  the  Committee  for  draught 
ing  it,  and  his  immediate  predecessor  in 
the  office  of  President,  also  died.  Jeffer 
son's  publications  were  :  "  Summary  View 
of  the  Rights  of  British  America,"  1774; 
"Declaration  of  Independence,"  1776; 
"  Notes  on  Virginia,"  1781 ;  "  Manual  of 
Parliamentary  Practice,  for  the  Use  of  the 
Senate;"  "Life  of  Captain  Lewis,"  1814; 
and  some  papers  of  a  philosophical  char 
acter.  His  works,  chiefly  letters,  were 
first  published  by  his  grandson,  Thomas 
Jefferson  Randolph,  in  1829,  and  a  com 
plete  edition,  by  order  of  Congress,  in 
nine  volumes,  in  1853. 

Jenckes,  Thomas  A.— He  was  bcrn 
in  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  in  1818; 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1838; 
studied  law  and  practised  the  profession 
until  elected,  in  1863,  a  Representative, 
from  Rhode  Island,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Patents,  and  the  Special 
Committee  on  the  Bankrupt  Law,  having 
drawn  up  the  bill  on  that  subject.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress; 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Retrench 
ment,  the  Death  of  President  Lincoln,  and 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Patents, 
and  also  Chairman  of  a  Special  Committee 
on  the  Civil  Service.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven 
tion"  of  1866;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Retrenchment  and  Revision  of 
Laws. 

Jenifer,  Daniel,  of  St.  TJiomas. 

— He  was  a  Delegate  from  Maryland  to 
the  Continental  Congress  from  1778  to 
1782,  and  was  also  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  Federal  Consti 
tution,  and  signed  that  instrument.  His 
son,  bearing  the  same  name,  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Federal  Congress. 

Jenifer,  Daniel.— Was  frequently  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  of  Mary 
land,  and  represented  that  State  in  Con 
gress,  from  1831  to  1833,  and  from  1835  to 
1841.  During  the  administrations  of 
Presidents  Harrison  and  Tyler  he  was  the 
United  States  Minister  to  Austria.  He 
died  December  18,  1855,  near  Port  Tobac 
co,  Maryland. 

Jenkins,  Albert  O.— Was  born  in 
Cabell  County,  Virginia,  November  10, 
1830;  graduated  at  Jefferson  College, 
Pennsylvania,  and  in  law  at  Cambridge, 
in  1850;  never  practised  law,  but  has  been 
devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was  a 


BIOGItAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


209 


member  of  the  Cincinnati  "  National  Con 
vention  "  in  185G ;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Virginia,  to  the  Thirty- 
flfth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Militia ;  and  also  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
same  committee.  He  subsequently  served 
as  a  Brigadier-General  in  the  Rebel  ser 
vice,  and  was  killed  at  the  Battle  of  the 
Wilderness. 

Jenkins,  Lemuel. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1823  to  1825. 

JenJcins,  Robert.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1807  to  1811. 

Jenkins,  Timothy.— Born  in  Barre, 
Worcester  County,  Massachusetts,  Janu 
ary  29,  1799 ;  received  an  academic  educa 
tion  ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1824,  practising  his  profession 
in  Oneida  County,  New  York ;  he  was  Dis 
trict  Attorney  for  that  county  six  years, 
and  resigned  the  office  on  being  elected  a 
Representative  in  the  Twenty-ninth  Con 
gress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
and  Thirty-second.  Died  at  Martiusburg, 
New  York,  December  24,  1859. 

JenJcs,  Michael  JET.—  He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Jenness,    Benning    W.—  He   was 

Judge  of  Probate  in  Stratford  County, 
New  Hampshire,  from  1841  to  1845,  and  a 
Senator  in  Congress  from  New  Hampshire 
during  the  years  1845  and  1846. 

Jennings,  David. — He  was  born  in 
Hunterdou  County,  New  Jersey,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1825  to  1826. 

Jennings,    Jonathan.  —  He   was 

born  in  Huuterdou  County,  New  Jersey, 
and  was  the  first  Governor  in  Indiana, 
and  twice  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1809  to 
1816,  and  from  1822  to  1831.  In  1818  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Monroe, 
Indian  Commissioner.  He  died  near 
Charlestown,  Clarke  County,  Indiana, 
July  26,  1834. 

Jewett,  Freeborn  G.—TLc  was  born 
in  New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  As 
sembly  of  that  State  in  1826  and  1827; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
the  same,  from  1831  to  1833.  "From  1846 
to  1856  he  was  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  New  York;  and  died  February 
23,  1858,  aged  sixty-eight  years. 

Jewett,  Joshua  IT.— He  was  born  at 
Deer  Creek,  Harford  County,  Maryland, 


September  13,  1812,  and,  having  adopted 
the  profession  of  law,  removed  to  Ken 
tucky,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses.  He  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions. 

Jewett,  Luther.  —  He  was  born  in 
Vermont;  graduated  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege  in  1795 ;  was  both  a  clergyman  and  a 
physician ;  for  fifteen  years  a  member  of 
the  Vermont  Legislature ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  from  1815  to  1817.  Died  in  1860, 
aged  eighty-seven  years. 

Johns,  Kensey.—Was  born  in  Dela 
ware,  December  10,  1791;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1810;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1813 ;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Dela 
ware,  from  1827  to  1831 ;  in  1832  he  was 
appointed  Chancellor  of  the  State  of  Dela 
ware,  in  which  capacity  he  was  still  serv 
ing  at  the  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  New  Castle,  March  28,  1857. 
A  person  bearing  this  name  was  appointed 
to  the  Senate  in  1794  from  Delaware,  but 
he  was  not  admitted.  He  was  the  father 
of  the  above. 

Johnson,  Andrew.  —  He  was  born 
in  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  December  29, 
1808 ;  when  ten  years  of  age  he  was  ap 
prenticed  to  a  tailor,  and  worked  at  that 
business,  in  his  native  town,  until  his  sev 
enteenth  year;  he  never  attended  school, 
but  acquired  a  good  English  education 
by  studying  alone.  Having  removed  to 
Greenville,  Tennessee,  he  was  elected 
Mayor  of  that  place  in  1830 ;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature  in  1835;  to  the 
State  Senate  in  1841 ;  and  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1843  to  1853,  serving  on  various  im 
portant  committees.  During  the  latter 
year  he  was  chosen  Governor  of  Tennes 
see,  and  re-elected  in  1855.  He  was  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  in  1857,  for  the  term 
ending  in  1863,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Public  Lands  and  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia.  In  1862  he  resigned  his  scat  iu 
the  Senate,  and  was  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln,  Military  Governor  of  Ten 
nessee.  By  the  " Baltimore  Convention" 
of  1864  he  was  nominated  for  the  office  of 
Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  and 
duly  elected.  On  the  death  of  Abraham 
Lincoln,  April  15,  1865,  he  took  the  pre 
scribed  oath  and  entered  upon  his  duties 
as  President  of  the  United  States.  His 
Life  and  Speeches  have  been  published  in 
a  variety  of  editions ;  and  in  1866  he  re 
ceived  from  the  University  of  North  Caro 
lina  the  degree  of  LL.D.  On  the  22d  of 
February,  1868,  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  adopted  articles  of  Impeachment 
against  him,  founded  chiefly  upon  his 
alleged  misconduct  under  the  Tenure-of- 


210 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Office  Bill.  It  was  a  party  vote,  as  only 
one  Republican,  S.  F.  Gary,  and  one  Con 
servative  Republican,  T.  E.  Stewart,  voted 
against  the  measure ;  and  on  being  tried 
by  the  Senate,  organized  as  a  High  Court 
of  Impeachment,  the  necessary  two- thirds 
vote  could  not  be  secured,  and  he  was 
acquitted.  The  Democrats  who  voted  for 
his  acquittal  were  Senators  Bayard,  Buck- 
alew,  Davis,  McCreery,  Hendricks,  John 
son,  Patterson  of  Tennessee,  Saulsbury, 
jind  Vickers;  and  those  elected  to  the 
Senate  as  Republicans,  who  voted  with 
them,  were  Senators  Dixon,  Doolittle, 
Fessenden,  Fowler,  Grimes,  Henderson, 
Norton,  Ross,  Trumbull,  and  Van  Win 
kle;  and  the  Republicans  who  voted  for 
conviction  were  Senators  Anthony,  Cam 
eron,  Cattell,  Chandler,  Cole,  Conkling, 
Conuess,  Corbett,  Cragin,  Drake,  Ed 
munds,  Ferry,  Freliughuysen,  Harlan, 
Howard,  Howe,  Morgan,  Morrill  of  Ver 
mont,  Morrill  of  Maine,  Morton,  Nye, 
Patterson  of  New  Hampshire,  Pomeroy, 
Ramsey,  Sherman,  Sprague,  Stewart, 
Sumner,  Thayer,  Tipton,  Willey,  Wil 
liams.  Wilson,  Yates,  and  Wade,  the 
President  of  the  Senate  pro  tern. 

Johnson,  Cave.  —  He  was  born  in 
Robertson  County,  Tennessee,  January 
11,  1793 ;  received  a  liberal  education,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  was  a  Cir 
cuit  Judge  for  a  few  years ;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1829  to  1837,  and  again  from 
1839  to  1845,  after  which  he  went  into  the 
cabinet  of  President  Polk,  as  Postmaster- 
General.  He  also  held  for  many  years  the 
position  of  President  of  the  Bank  of  Ten 
nessee,  which  he  resigned  in  1859.  Died 
in  Clarksville  Tennessee,  November  23, 
18G6. 

Jolinson,  Francis. — He  was  born  in 
Caroline  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1821  to  1827. 

Johnson,  Harvey  IT.— He  was  born 
in  Vermont,  and,  having  removed  to  Ohio, 
•was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Johnson,  Henry.— Rom.  in  Tennes 
see,  September  14,  1783 ;  studied  law  in 
Louisiana;  was  Clerk  of  the  second  Su 
perior  Court  of  Orleans  Territory  in  1809 ; 
Judge  of  the  Parish  Court  of  St.  Mary, 
May  1,  1811;  member  of  the  "Constitu 
tional  Convention"  of  Louisiana  in  1812, 
ran  for  Congress  in  1812,  but  was  de 
feated  ;  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  in 
1818  for  the  unexpired  term  of  W.  C.  C. 
Claiborne,  deceased;  and  sat  there  until 
1824,  in  which  year  he  was  elected  Gover 
nor  of  Louisiana;  and  in  1826  was  re- 
elected,  holding  that  office  for  four  con 
secutive  years.  In  1829  he  was  defeated 
for  the  .United  ..States  Senate,  by  Edward 


Livingston.  Was  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Twenty-fourth  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses.  In  1812  was  a 
candidate  for  Governor,  but  was  defeated 
by  Alexander  Mouton.  In  1844  he  was 
elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  in  the  United 
States  Senate  caused  by  the  death  of  A. 
Porter,  under  which  election  he  sat  in  the 
Senate  until  March,  1849.  He  Avas  the 
head  of  the  Whig  party  in  Louisiana.  He 
died  July  31,  1861,  commanding  the  high 
est  respect  alike  of  those  who  had  ad 
hered  to,  and  of  those  who  had  opposed 
him,  as  a  political  leader. 

Johnson,  Herschell  F.— Born  in 
Burke  County,  Georgia,  September  18, 
1812.  He  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Georgia  in  1834,  and  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law.  He  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1844;  in  1848  was  appointed  to 
fill  a  vacancy  in  the  United  States  Sen 
ate  ;  and  in  1849  he  was  elected  a  Judge 
of  the  Superior  Court.  In  1860  he  was  a 
candidate  for  the  office  of  Vice-President 
on  tile  ticket  with  S.  A.  Douglas,  but  was 
defeated;  and  subsequently  served  in  the 
Confederate  Senate.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention  "  of  1866. 

Johnson,  James;— lie  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1813  to 
1820,  when  he  resigned  and  was  appointed 
Collector  of  Norfolk  and  Portsmouth, 
Virginia.  He  also  served  in  the  State 
Legislature.  Died  at  Norfolk,  December 
7,  1825. 

Johnson,  James.— lie  was  born  in 
Orange  County,  Virginia;  served  as  Lieu 
tenant-Colonel  under  Colonel  R.  M.  John 
son,  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  Ken 
tucky  during  the  years  1825  and  1826,  his 
death  having  been  announced  in  the 
House  in  December,  1826. 

Johnson,  James. — He  was  a  native 
of  Georgia,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853; 
and  in  1865  he  was  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Johnson,  Provisional  Governor  of 
Georgia. 

Johnson,  James  A.—  Born  in  Spar- 
tanburg,  South  Carolina,  May  16,  1829; 
received  a  common-school  education ; 
studied  medicine  and  law ;  removed  to 
California  and  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  in  1859 ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  California  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads  and 
Agriculture. 

Johnson,  James  H. — He  was  born 
in  New  Hampshire,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


211 


1845  to  1847,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Manufactures.  He  was  also  a  State 
Councillor  in  1842  and  ki  1843,  and  a 
State  Senator  in  1839. 

Johnson,  James  L.  — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1851. ' 

Johnson,  Jeromus.—He  was  born 
in  King's  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York  City,  from  1825  to  1829,  and  died  in 
Goshen,  Orange  County,  New  York,  Sep 
tember  7, 1846. 

Johnson,  John.  — He  was  born  in  the 
County  of  Tyrone,  Ireland,  in  1808;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education,  and 
emigrated  to  Ohio,  in  1824,  where  he  was 
devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits.  He 
served  as  a  member  of  the  Ohio  Senate ; 
also,  in  the  last  "  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  "  of  that  State ;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1851 
to  1853. 

Johnson,  John  I7.— He  was  born  in 
Scott  County,  Kentucky;  was  a  brother  of 
Richard  M.  Johnson ;  once  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals  of  Kentucky,  and  repre 
sented  that  State  in  Congress  from  1821  to 
1825.  For  thirty  years  he  was  a  preacher 
of  the  Gospel,  without  a  salary.  He  died 
iu  Lexington,  Missouri,  December  18, 
1857. 

Johnson,  Joseph. — He  was  born  in 
Orange  County,  New  York,  and,  on  re 
moving  to  Virginia,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1823  to  1827. 
from  1835  to  1841,  and  from  1845  to  1847. 
He  was  also  Governor  of  Virginia  from 
1852  to  1856. 

Johnson,  Noadiah. — He  served  in 
the  Legislature  of  New  York ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress  from  1833  to  1835 ;  and 
died  at  Albany,  April  4,  1839. 

Johnson,  Perley  B. — He  was  born 
in  Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to  1845. 

Jolinson,  Philip.  —  Was  born  in 
Warren  County,  New  Jersey,  January  17, 
1818 ;  and  his  grandfather  was  a  "soldier  in 
the  Revolutionary  war.  In  1839  he  re 
moved  with  his  father  to  Pennsylvania, 
settling  in  Northampton  County;  and  he 
was  educated  at  Lafayette  College,  where 
he  spent  two  years,  after  which  he  spent 
two  years  teaching  school  in  the  South. 
On  his  return  home  he  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  soon  af 
terwards  elected  Clerk  of  the  Court  of 
Sessions  and  of  the  Oyer  and  Terminer. 
In  1853  and  1854  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Assembly.  In  1857  he  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Democratic  "State  Conven 


tion."  In  18GO  he  was  the  Revenue  Com 
missioner  for  tlie  Third  Judicial  District 
of  the  State,  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Roads  and  Canals,  and  on 
Patents;  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Territories.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Conven 
tion  "  of  1864.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads, 
and  Expenditures  on  the  Public  Buildings. 
Died  in  Washington,  January  31,  1867. 


Johnson,  Reverdi/.  —  Rorn  in  An 

napolis,  Maryland,  May  21,  1796  ;  was  edu 
cated  at  St.  John's  College,  Annapolis  ; 
studied  law  with  his  father;  and,  having 
been  admitted  to  the  bar,  has  practised 
his  profession  without  intermission  to  the 
present  time.  His  first  appointment  was 
that  of  State  Attorney;  in  1817  he  re 
moved  to  Baltimore  (where  he  has  since 
resided),  and  in  1820  was  appointed 
Chief  Commissioner  of  Insolvent  Debt 
ors,  which  office  he  held  until  1821,  when 
he  was  elected  to  the  Sytate  Senate,  serv 
ing  flve  years  ;  was  re-elected,  and  re 
signed  in  the  second  year  of  that  term  ;  in 
1845  he  was  chosen  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  where  he  remained  until  1849; 
when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  post  of 
Attorney-General  of  the  United  States, 
bestowed  upon  him  by  President  Taylor. 
On  his  leaving  the  latter  position,  he 
turned  his  whole  attention  to  his  profes 
sion,  practising  chiefly  in  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States.  Mr.  Johnson 
has  also  taken  an  active  part  in  the  prep 
aration  of  seven  volumes  of  Reports  of 
Decisions  in  the  Court  of  Appeals  of 
Maryland.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
"Peace  Congress"  of  1861  ;  was  subsequent 
ly  elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates,  of 
Maryland,  by  the  voters  of  Baltimore 
County  ;  and  in  1862  he  was  again  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  his  native 
State,  for  the  term  commencing  March, 
1863,  and  ending  in  1869,  serving  on  the 
Library  Committee,  those  on  the  Judici 
ary  and  Foreign  Relations,  and  also  the 
Special  Joint  Committee  on  Reconstruc 
tion.  He  was  one  of  the  Senators  desig 
nated  by  the  Senate  to  attend  the  funeral 
of  General  Scott  in  1866.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention  "  of  1866,  taking  a 
leading  part  in  its  proceedings. 

Johnson,   HicJiard  M.  —  He  was 

born  in  Kentucky  in  1780,  and  died  at 
Frankfort,  November  19,  1850.  In  1807  he 
was  chosen  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Kentucky,  which  post  he  held  until 
1813.  In  1813  he  raised  a  volunteer  regi 
ment  of  cavalry  of  one  thousand  men  to 
fight  the  British  and  Indians  on  the 
Lakes,  and  during  the  campaign  that 


212 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


followed  served  with  great  credit,  under 
General  Harrison,  as  a  Colonel  of  that 
regiment.  He  greatly  distinguished  him 
self  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames,  and  the 
chief  Tecnmseh  is  said  to  have  been  killed 
by  his  hand.  In  1814  he  was  appointed 
Indian  Commissioner  by  President  Madi 
son.  He  was  again  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1813  to  1819.  In  1819  he 
went  from  the  House  into  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  an  unexpired  term; 
was  re-elected,  and  served  as  Senator  un 
til  1829.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  House, 
and  remained  there  until  1837,  when  he 
became  Vice-President,  and  as  such  pre 
sided  over  the  Senate.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  he  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky 
Legislature,  and  he  died  from  a  second 
attack  of  paralysis.  He  was  a  kind-heart 
ed,  courageous,  and  talented  man. 

Johnson,  Robert  W.—  He  was  born 
in  Kentucky  in  1814;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  Arkan 
sas  in  1847,  and  served  until  1853,  when 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Printing,  and  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittees  on  Military  Affairs  and  on  Public 
Lands.  Withdrew  in  1861,  and  took  part 
in  the  Rebellion. 

Johnson,  T7iomas.  —  He  was  born 
in  Maryland ;  was  a  Delegate  from  Mary 
land  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1775  to  1777;  Governor  of  the  State  from 
1777  to  1779 ;  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States  from  1791  to  1793, 
when  he  resigned;  and  he  died  October 
26,  1819,  aged  eighty-seven  years. 

Johnson,  Waldo  P. — He  was  elect 
ed  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  Missouri, 
in  1861,  for  the  term  ending  in  1867,  but  was 
expelled  by  the  Senate  January  10,  1862. 

Johnson,  William. — He  was  born 
in  Ireland,  in  1819 ;  removed  to  Ohio  ia 
early  life;  received  a  good  education; 
held  a  variety  of  local  offices  in  Richmond 
County,  where  he  long  resided;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law ;  and  in  1862  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
on  Expenditures  on  the  Public  Buildings. 
Died  at  Mansfield,  Ohio,  May  3,  1866. 

Johnson,  William  Cost. — Born  in 

Frederick  County,  Maryland,  in  1806 ;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the 
Supreme  Court  in  1831 ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1833  to  1835, 
and  from  1837  to  1843.  He  served  in  the 
State  Legislature  before  entering  and 
after  he  left  Congress  5  was  a  member  of 
the  last  Convention  for  revising  the  Con 
stitution  of  Maryland;  and  was  President 
Of  the  National  Convention  of  Young 


Men,  which  met  in  Washington  to  nom 
inate  Henry  Clay  for  President.  When  in 
Congress,  Mr.  Johnson  officiated  for  a 
number  of  years  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Public  Lands,  and  also  as  a 
member  of  the  Judiciary  Committee.  Died 
in  Washington,  April  16,  1860. 

Johnson,  William  S. — Born  in 
Stratford,  Connecticut,  October  7,  1727; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1744;  studied 
law  at  Cambridge,  and  acquired  distinc 
tion  as  a  pleader  and  orator.  In  1765  he 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Congress  at  New 
York,  and  in  1766  an  agent  for  the  Colony 
to  England,  where,  during  a  residence  of 
four  years,  he  was  elected  a  Tutor  of  the 
Royal  Society.  In  1772  he  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Connecti 
cut;  was  a  member  in  1780  of  the  Council 
of  Connecticut ;  was  again  a  Delegate  to 
the  New  York  Congress  in  1785 ;  and  was 
a  member  in  1787  of  the  Convention  which 
framed  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  1789  to  1791,  and  from  1792  to  1800 
President  of  Columbia  College  in  New 
York ;  after  which  he  returned  to  his  na 
tive  village,  where  he  died,  November  14, 
1819.  He  received  from  Oxford  the  de 
gree  of  LL.D.,  and  will  always  be  remem 
bered  as  one  of  the  great  men  of  this 
country.  He  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  appointed  to  revise  the  language 
of  the  Constitution,  and  the  corrections  in 
the  original  copy  are  in  his  handwriting. 

Johnston,  Charles.— He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1839 
to  1841. 

Johnston,  Charles. — Born  in  Chow- 
au  County,  North  Carolina ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Stat.e  Legislature  for  many  years, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  during 
the  years  1801  and  1802,  having  died 
before  the  expiration  of  his  term. 

Johnston,  Charles  C. — A  member 
of  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1831  to 
1832,  having  died  at  Washington,  June  18 
of  the  latter  year.  He  was  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Imprisonment  for  Debt. 
He  was  found  drowned  in  the  Potomac, 
near  Alexandria. 

Johnston,  Josiah  S.—lle  was  born 
in  Salisbury,  Connecticut,  November  25, 
1784,  but  was  taken  by  his  father,  in 
infancy,  to  Kentucky.  He  graduated  at 
Transylvania  University,  and  studied  law. 
He  removed  to  Louisiana  in  1805,  and 
commenced  his  professional  career  at 
Alexandria,  on  the  Red  River;  and  in  1812 
was  a  leading  man  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  he  was  next  appointed  District 
Judge,  and  represented  Louisiana  in  Con 
gress  from  1821  to  1823;  and  in  1824,  he 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


213 


retaining  that  position  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  May  19,  1833,  by  the  ex 
plosion  of  gunpowder  on  board  the  steam 
boat  Lioness,  on  lied  River. 

Johnston,  Samuel.— Governor  of 
North  Carolina  from  1787  to  1789;  was 
President  of  the  Convention  of  that  State 
which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution, 
and  had  been  a  member  of  Congress  from 
1780  to  1782  and  in  1789  he  was  appointed 
a  Senator  from  North  Carolina,  and  served 
until  1793 ;  was  afterwards  a  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Law  and  Equity.  He 
was  also  one  of  those  who  voted  for  lo 
cating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac.  He  was  a  native  of  Edenton, 
and  died  at  Sherwarkey,  August  18,  1816, 
aged  eighty-three  years. 

Jones,  Allen.— He  was  a  Delegate 
from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1779  to  1780. 

Jones,  Benjamin.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia;  and,  having  removed  to  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1837. 

Jones,  Daniel  T.— He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and,  having  settled  in  New 
York,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1855. 

Jones,  Francis.— Re  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1817  to  1823. 

Jones,  George.— -He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  Georgia  during  the  ses 
sion  of  1807,  by  appointment  of  Governor, 
but  was  superseded  by  W.  H.  Crawford. 

Jones,  George  W.—  Born  at  Vin- 
cennes,  Indiana,  and  graduated  at  Transyl 
vania  University,  Kentucky,  in  1825.  He 
was  bred  to  the  law,  but  ill  health  pre 
vented  him  from  practising.  He  was 
Clerk  of  the  United  States  District  Court, 
in  Missouri,  in  182G ;  served  as  an  Aide- 
de-camp  to  General  Henry  Dodge  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war;  was  chosen  Colonel  of 
Militia  in  1832;  subsequently  Major-Gen- 
cral ;  also  a  Judge  of  a  County  Court ;  in 
1835  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  Congress 
from  the  Territory  of  Michigan,  and 
served  two  years ;  in  1839  was  appointed 
by  President  Van  Burcn  Surveyor-General 
of  the  North-west ;  was  removed  in  1841 
for  his  politics,  but  reappointed  by  Presi 
dent  Polk,  and  remained  in  the  office  until 
1849;  in  1848  he  was  elected  a  United 
States  Senator  from  Iowa  for  six  years, 
and  re-elected  in  1852  for  six  years, 
officiating  as  Chairman  of  the  Committees 
on  Pensions,  and  on  Enrolled  Bills,  and  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Territo 
ries.  At  the  conclusion  of  his  last  term 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Buchanan, 


Minister  to  New  Granada.  In  18G1  he 
was  charged  with  disloyalty,  and  impris 
oned  in  Fort  Warren. 

Jones,  George  W.— Born  in  King 
and  Queen  County,  Virginia,  March  15, 
1806.  He  began  life  by  adopting  the  oc 
cupation  of  a  saddler;  was  a  Justice  of 
the  Peace  for  three  years;  in  1834  a  Jus 
tice  to  hold  the  Quorum  Court  in  Lincoln 
County;  in  1835  and  1837  was  elected  to 
the  Tennessee  Legislature ;  in  1839  to  the 
State  Senate ;  in  1840  and  1842  was  elected 
Clerk  of  the  Lincoln  County  Court;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  to  Congress 
in  1843,  to  which  position  he  has  been 
regularly  re-elected  to  1859,  serving  during 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  In 
1853,  upon  the  inauguration  of  President 
Pierce,  Mr.  Jones  was  appointed  special 
bearer  of  despatches  to  the  American 
Consul  at  Havana,  having  been  authorized 
to  administer  the  official  oath  to  the  Vice- 
President,  W.  R.  King,  who  had  visited 
Cuba  for  his  health.  In  1861  he  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  held  in 
Washington. 

Jones,  Isaac  D. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843.  He  was  a  Delegate  also  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention  "  of  1864. 

Jones,  James. — Born  in  Maryland, 
and  removed  to  Georgia  when  young. 
He  studied  law,  and  settled  in  Savannah. 
He  was  often  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Georgia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1799  to  the  time  of 
his  death,  which  occurred  at  Washington, 
January  12,  1801. 

Jones,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Amelia  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1819  to  1823. 

Jones,  James  C.— Born  in  Wilson 
County,  Tennessee,  June  8,  1.809 ;  received 
a  good  education ;  devoted  himself  in 
early  life  to  farming;  first  entered  public 
life,  in  1839,  as  a  member  of  the  Tennes 
see  Legislature ;  was  Governor  of  Ten 
nessee  "from  1841  to  1845,  serving  two 
terms;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1841 
and  1849;  find  in  1851  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
serving  the  whole  of  his  term  of  six 
years.  Died  at  Memphis,  Tennessee, 
October  29, 1859.  He  was  for  many  years 
devoted  to  the  public  interests  of  Mem 
phis,  and  his  native  State,  and  was  dis 
tinguished  for  his  abilities. 

Jones,  J.  Glancy.—Kc  was  born  on 
the  Conestoga  River,  Pennsylvania,  Octo 
ber  7.  1811.  By  his  early  education  he 
was  prepared  for  the  church,  but  preferred 


214 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


the  law,  to  which  he  devoted  himself  with 
success ;  and  while  Deputy  Attorney-Gen 
eral  of  the  State,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
serving  (excepting  a  part  of  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  when  Henry  W.  Muhlen- 
burg  succeeded  him")  from  1850  to  1858. 
He  vvas  the  author,  in  the  House,  of  the 
bill  creating  the  Court  of  Claims,  when  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims; 
and,  by  Mr.  Speaker  Orr,  was  placed  at 
the  head  of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means.  He  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  185G,  and  was  tendered,  by  President 
Buchanan,  the  mission  to  Berlin,  which 
he  declined ;  but  in  October,  1858,  he  was 
offered  the  mission  to  Austria,  and  ac 
cepted  the  appointment. 

Jones,  John  J.—  Born  in  Burke 
County,  Georgia,  November  13,  1824; 
graduated  at  Emory  College ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1848;  and 
was  a  Representative,  from  that  State,  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Revisal  and  Unfinished 
Business.  Resigned  in  February,  1861, 
and  returned  to  Georgia. 

Jones,  John  W.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1845.  He  was  also  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  during  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress.  He  was  an  eminent 
politician,  and  died  January  29,  1848. 

Jones,  John  W.—  Born  on  Rock 
Creek,  Montgomery  County,  Maryland, 
April  14,  180G ;  when  quite  young  he  re 
moved,  with  his  father,  to  Kentucky, 
where  he  received  a  good  English  and 
classical  education,  at  the  Carlisle  Sem 
inary;  as  his  health  would  permit,  he 
devoted  himself  to  the  study  of  medicine, 
attended  lectures  at  the  Pennsylvania 
Academy,  and  from  Jefferson  College  re 
ceived  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine. 
In  1840  he  was  elected  to  the  Georgia 
Legislature,  and  he  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1847  to 
1849.  In  1849  he  removed  to  Alabama, 
and  devoted  himself  to  Agriculture ;  but, 
returning  to  Georgia,  was  appointed  a 
Medical  Professor  in  the  Atlanta  Medical 
College.  He  enjoys  the  reputation  of  hav 
ing  done  much  for  the  cause  of  education 
in  the  States  of  Georgia  and  Alabama. 

Jones,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Virginia,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1777  to  1778,  and  again  from 
1780  to  1783. 

Jones,  Morgan. — He  was  born  in 
New  York  City,  February  26,  1832;  was 
educated  at  the  school  of  St.  James's 
Church,  in  New  York;  early  took  an  in 
terest  in  machinery  and  the  business  of  a 
machinist,  and  subsequent!/ adopted  the 


business  of  a  plumber,  following  the  same 
within  four  hundred  feet  of  the  spot 
where  he  was  born.  In  1858  lie  was 
elected  a  City  Councilman  for  New  York, 
and,  having  been  four,  times  re-elected, 
served  as  President  of  the  Board  for  three 
years ;  was  subsequently  elected  to  the 
Board  of  Aldermen  and  made  President 
of  that  body ;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Public  Expenditures. 

Jones,  Nathaniel. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1827 
and  1828 ;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1837  to  1841 ;  a  State 
Senator  in  1852  and  1853;  and  also  held 
the  offices  of  Surveyor-General  of  the 
State,  and  Canal  Commissioner.  He  died 
at  Nevvberg,  New  York,  July  21,  1866. 

Jones,  Noble  Wiinberly.—  He  was 

a  Delegate,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1775  to  1776,  aud 
again  from  1781  to  1783. 

Jones,  Owen.—  Born  in  Pennsylva 
nia;  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
from  his  native  State. 

Jones,  Roland.— Tie  was  born  in 
North  Carolina ;  was  a  Representative  in 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  from  Lou 
isiana. 

Jones,  Seaborn. — He  was  born  in 
Columbus,  Georgia,  aud  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1833  to  1835,  and  again  from  1845  to  1847. 

Jones,    Thomas    Laurens.  —  He 

was  born  in  Rutherford  County,  North 
Carolina,  January  21,  1819;  after  going 
through  a  course  of  studies  at  the  Colum 
bian  College  of  South  Carolina  and  at 
Yale  College,  he  graduated  at  Princeton, 
in  1840,  and  at  the  Law-School  of  Cam 
bridge.  After  travelling  in  Europe  for 
two  years,  he  studied  law,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1846 ;  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1853  and  1854;  often 
elected  a  Delegate  to  State  and  National 
Conventions ;  and  in  1857  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  Kentucky  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

Jones,  Walter.—  Born  in  Virginia, 
and  educated  as  a  physician  at  Edinburg, 
about  the  year  1770 ;  on  his  return  he  set 
tled  in  Northumberland  County,  Virginia, 
where  he  had  extensive  practice  in  his 
profession.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1797  to  1799,  and  again 
from  1803  to  1811.  He  died  in  Westmore 
land  County,  Virginia,  December  31, 1815, 
aged  seventy-six  years. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


215 


Jones,  William.  —  Born  in  Phila 
delphia;  took  an  active  part  in  the  Rev 
olutionary  struggle,  having  fought  at 
Trenton  and  Princeton  as  a  volunteer, 
and  served  in  several  vessels ;  he  was  a 
Lieutenant  under  Commodore  Truxtou, 
and  was  twice  wounded  and  twice  made 
prisoner;  in  1790  settled  iu  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  whence  he  returned  to 
Philadelphia  in  1793;.  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1801  to  1803;  and  was  for  a  short 
time  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  under  Pres 
ident  Madison.  He  was  also  President  of 
the  Bank  of  the  United  States;  Collector 
of  Customs  at  Philadelphia;  and  for  twen 
ty-six  years  was  a  member  of  the  Amer 
ican  Philosophical  Society,  before  which 
he  read  many  valuable  communications, 
which  were  published.  Died  at  Bethle 
hem,  Pennsylvania,  in  1831. 

Jones,  Willie. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1780  to  1781. 

Judd,  Norman  B.—Re  was  born 
in  Rome,  Oneida  County,  New  York,  Jan 
uary  10,  1815;  educated  at  the  Grammar 
School  of  that  town;  studied  law  and 
removed  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1836;  became 
an  Alderman  in  the  City  Council;  was 
also  City  Attorney,  Notary  Public,  and 
County  Attorney ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Illinois  Senate  from  1844,  by  repeated 
elections,  until  1860;  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  Minister  Plenipoten 
tiary  to  Prussia  in  1861,  and  held  the  office 
until  1865,  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Illinois,  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Banking  and  Currency,  and 
Weights  and  Measures. 

Judson,  Andrew  T.— Born  at  East- 
ford,  Connecticut,  November  29,  1784;  his 
education  was  obtained  at  the  common 
schools,  and  under  the  instructions  of  his 
father  and  brother.  He  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1806,  when  he 
removed  to  Montpelier,  Vermont,  and 
practised  in  that  State;  he  afterwards 
returned  to  his  native  town,  and  in  1809 
went  to  Canterbury,  which  he  made  his 
permanent  residence.  In  1819  he  received 
the  appointment  of  State's  Attorney  for 
Windham  County,  which,  office  he  held  for 
fourteen  years.  He  was  at  different  times 
a  member  of  both  branches  of  the  Legis 
lature  ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1835  to  1839,  when  he  was 
elected  Judge  of  the  District  Court,  and 
continued  in  that  position  until  his  death. 
In  October,  1850,  he  was  designated,  by 
the  Circuit  Judge  of  the  Second  Circuit, 
to  hold  the  Courts  of  the  United  States  in 
the  Southern  District  of  New  York  during 
the  illness*  of  the  distinguished  Judge  of 
that  District,  and  he  officiated  at  the  trial 
of  Mr.  O'Sullivau,  and  others,  for  the  at 


tempted  Cuban  invasion.  Among  the 
causes  which  were  brought  before  him 
for  adjudication  was  the  libel  of  the  Am- 
istad  and  the  fifty-four  Africans  on  board. 
He  died  at  home,  March  17,  1853. 

Julian,  George  W. — Was  born  in 
Centreville,  Wayne  County,  Indiana,  May 
5,  1817;  received  a  good  common-school 
education;  spent  three  years  as  school 
teacher;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1840.  In  1845  he  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  of  Indiana;  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  "Buffalo  Convention"  of  1848 ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Indiana  from  1849  to  1851.  In  1852  he 
was  nominated  by  the  "Pittsburg  Con 
vention  "  for  the  office  of  Vice-President 
of  the  United  States,  on  the  ticket  with 
J.  P.  Hale  for  President;  and  in  1856  he 
was  Vice-President  of  the  "Republican 
Convention"  held  at  Pittsburg.  In  1860  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Indi 
ana,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Public  Lands, 
on  Public  Expenditures,  and  the  Joint 
Committee  on  the  Conduct  of  the  War ; 
and  in  1862  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  and  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Lands,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Expendi 
tures.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  again  at  the  head  of  the 
Public  Lauds'  Committee,  and  on  that  oil 
Expenses  iu  the  Navy  Department.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  National  Com 
mittee  appointed  to  accompany  the  re 
mains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  additional  Committees  on  the 
Assassination  of  President  Lincoln,  and 
Education  and  Labor. 

JunJcin,  Benjamin  T.— Born  iu 
Cumberland  County,  Pennsylvania,  No 
vember  12,  1822;  educated  at  Fayetto 
College ;  studied  law  at  Carlisle,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844 ;  was  elected 
District  Attorney  for  Perry  County  in  1850, 
and  held  the  office  three  years ;  and  was 
elected,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Kalbfleisch,  Martin. — He  was  born 
in  Flushing,  Netherlands,  February  6, 
1804 ;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion,  and  adopted  the  profession  of  a  chem 
ist.  He  came  to  the  United  States  early 
in  life,  and  his  first  public  position  was 
that  of  Health  Warden  in  New  York  City 
in  1832.  In  1836  he  was  Trustee  of 
one  of  the  common  schools  in  New  York; 
in  1852  and  the  two  following  years  Su 
pervisor  of  the  town  of  Bushwick,  King's 
County.  In  1854  he  was  appointed  Presi 
dent  of  a  Board  of  Commissioners  for 
consolidating  the  cities  of  Brooklyn,  Wil- 
liamsburg,  and  Bushwick.  In  1855  he  was 
elected  an  Alderman  of  Brooklyn,  and, 


216 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


having  been  re-elected,  was  President  of 
the  Board  of  Aldermen  from  1857  to  1861 ; 
during  the  latter  year  he  was  elected 
Mayor  of  Brooklyn ;  and  in  18G2  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims, 
and  Expenditures  in  the  Treasury  De 
partment.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Convention" 
of  1866 ;  and  in  1867  he  was  again  elected 
Mayor  of  Brooklyn. 

Kane,  Ellas  K. — He  was  born  in 
New  York  State  about  the  year  1795,  and 
was  bred  to  the  legal  profession.  At  an 
early  period  of  his  life  he  went  to  Tenne- 
see,  and  finally  settled  in  Kaskaskia,  in 
Illinois  Territory,  in  1815.  In  1818  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Convention  for  framing 
a  State  Constitution,  and  when  that  gov 
ernment  was  organized,  he  was  appointed 
Secretary  of  State,  lie  was  subsequently 
elected  a  member  of  the  Legislature ;  and 
from  1825  to  1835  he  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Illinois,  officiating  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Private 
Laud  Claims.  He  died  at  Washington, 
District  of  Columbia,  December  12,  1835. 

Kasson,  John  A. — He  was  born  near 
Burlington,  Vermont,  January  11,  1822; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Vermont 
in  1842;  studied  law  in  Massachusetts, 
and  practised  the  profession  in  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  until  1857,  when  he  removed  to 
Iowa.  In  1858  he  was  appointed  a  Com 
missioner  to  report  upon  the  condition  of 
the  Executive  Departments  of  Iowa;  as 
sisted  in  1859  in  organizing  the  State  Bank 
of  Iowa,  and  became  Director  for  the 
State.  In  1861  he  was  appointed  Assist 
ant  Postmaster-General,  which  office  he 
resigned  in  1862,  when  he  was  elected  a 
llepresentative,  from  Iowa,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Ways  and  Means.  During  the  sum 
mer  of  1863  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  a  Commissioner  to  the  Interna 
tional  Postal  Congress  at  Paris,  returning 
in  August.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Appropriations  and  the  Death  of  President 
Lincoln,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Coinage,  Weights,  and  Measures. 
On  his  retiring  from  Congress  in  1867 
he  was  appointed  a  Special  Commissioner 
to  Europe  for  the  Post  Office  Department, 
and  on  his  return  was  elected  to  the  Leg 
islature  of  Iowa. 

Kaufman,  David  S.— Born  in  Cum 
berland,  Pennsylvania,  in  1813;  graduated 
at  Princeton*  College  in  1833;  not  long 
after  he  removed  to  Natchez,  Mississippi, 
and  read  law  in  the  office  of  General  Quit- 
man.  In  1835  he  settled  in  Natchitoches, 
Louisiana.  In  1837  he  emigrated  to  Na- 
cogdoches,  in  Texas,  and  in  1838  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  the  Texan  Con 


gress  ;  he  was  twice  re-elected,  and  twice 
chosen  Speaker  of  the  House.  In  1843  he 
was  elected  to  the  Senate,  and  from  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Relations,  in  1844, 
presented  a  report  in  favor  of  annexation, 
and  took  an  active  part  in  its  consumma 
tion.  In  1845  he  was  appointed  Charge  to 
this  government,  but  that  office  was  super 
seded  by  the  final  act  of  annexation,  and 
he  was  elected  one  of  the  first  members  of 
the  House  of  Representatives,  from  Texas, 
serving  from  1846  to  1851.  He  died  in 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  Janu 
ary  13,  1851. 

Kavanagh,     Edivard.  —  He    was 

born  April  27,  1795 ;  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law;  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
Legislature  in  1826,  1828,  1842,  and  1843; 
Secretary  of  the  State  Senate  in  1830;  and 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1831  to  1835;  when  he  was  appointed 
Charge  d'Affaires  to  Portugal,  where  he 
remained  until  1841.  In  1842  he  was  a 
Commissioner  for  settling  the  North-east 
Boundary ;  and  was  Acting  Governor  of 
Maine  from  1843  to  1844;  and  for  a  short 
time  President  of  the  State  Senate.  He 
died  at  Newcastle,  Maine,  January  20, 
1844. 

Kean,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1785  to  1787. 

Kearney,  Dyre.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Delaware,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1786  to  1788. 

Keese,  Richard.  —  Born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to  1829. 

Keim,  George  May.—  Born  in  Read 
ing,  Berks  County,  Pennsylvania,  April 
23,  1805.  He  received  a  liberal  education 
and  studied  law  in  Philadelphia.  Declin 
ing  the  active  pursuit  of  the  profession, 
he  devoted  himself  to  banking,  and  spent 
much  of  his  leisure  time  in  studying  geol 
ogy  and  mineralogy,  and  became  a  col 
lector  of  paintings,  of  which  he  had  a  rare 
and  valuable  collection.  He  was  Major- 
General  of  the  military  district  in  which 
he  lived;  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
to  revise  the  Constitution  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,  and  afterwards  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses.  Under  the  administrations 
of  President  Tyler  and  of  President  Polk, 
he  was  United  States  Marshal  for  the 
Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania.  Died 
in  the  summer  of  1862. 

Keiin,  William  High.  —  Born  in 
Reading,  Pennsylvania.  June  25, 1813 ;  was 
educated  at  Mt.  Airy  Military  Academy ; 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


217 


entered  into  the  hardware  business,  in 
which  he  continued  until  1855.  He  gave 
much  attention  to  military  matters,  filling 
every  office  up  to  and  including  that  of 
Major-General  of  his  district.  Was  Mayor 
of  Heading.  Elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  fill  the 
unexpired  term  of  Mr.  J.  Glancy  Jones ; 
in  18GO  was  elected  Surveyor-General  of 
Pennsylvania.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Rebellion  he  was  called  into  the  field  as  a 
Major-General  of  the  Militia,  and  held  the 
second  command  under  General  Patterson, 
with  whom  he  marched  into  Virginia. 
At  the  expiration  of  the  three  mouths' 
service,  he  was  commissioned  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  as  Brigadier-General  of  Vol 
unteers,  and  entered  upon  the  campaign 
of  18G2  under  General  McClellan.  He 
sickened  with  typhoid  fever,  in  front  of 
Yorktown,  and  died  in  May  of  that  year. 

Keitt,  Latvrence  M.— He  was  born 
in  Orangeburg  District,  South  Carolina, 
October  4,  1824 ;  graduated  at  the  College 
of  South  Carolina  in  1843;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1845;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1848 ; 
and  in  1853  to  a  seat  in  the  National  House 
of  Representatives,  having  been  regularly 
re-elected  until  December  1860,  when  he 
resigned,  serving  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds.  Just  be 
fore  leaving  Congress,  he  was  elected  to 
the  Seceding  Convention  of  South  Caro 
lina,  and  subsequently  took  an  active  part 
in  the  great  Rebellion  as  a  member  of  the 
Confederate  Congress.  Killed  in  battle, 
in  Virginia,  iu  June,  18G4. 

Kelley,  William  J).— Was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  in  the  spring  of  1814;  re 
ceived  a  good  English  education;  com 
menced  life  as  a  reader  in  a  printing- 
office  ;  spent  seven  years  as  an  apprentice 
in  a  jewelry  establishment;  removed  to 
Boston  and  followed  his  trade  there  for 
four  years,  devoting  some  attention  to  lit 
erary  matters ;  returned  to  Philadelphia, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1841,  and  held  the  office  for  some  years 
of  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
in  Philadelphia.  In  addition  to  his  many 
political  speeches,  a  number  of  literary 
addresses  have  been  published  from  his 
pen.  He  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Indian  Affairs,  and  Expend 
itures  on  Public  Buildings.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Agriculture,  and  on 
Naval  Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  the  Library,  Naval  Affairs,  and  on 
Freedmen.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
186G ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  old  committees  and 


as  Chairman    of  that   on    Weights  and 
Measures. 

Kellogg,  Charles. — He  was  a  native 
of  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts; 
served  six  years  iu  the  New  York  Assem 
bly,  from  Cayuga  County,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1825  to  1827. 

Kellogg,  Francis  W.  —  Born  in 
Worthington,  Hampshire  County,  Massa 
chusetts,  May  30, 1810;  received  a  limited 
education,  and,  having  removed  to  Michi 
gan,  entered  into  the  business  of  lumber 
ing.  He  served  in  the  Legislature  of 
Michigan,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Public 
Lands,  and  on  Expenditures  in  the  Post 
Office  Department ;  and  was  also  re-elected  ft 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Military 
Affairs.  In  1865  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Johnson,  Collector  of  Internal 
Revenue  for  Alabama. 

Kellogg,  Orlando. — He  was  born  in 
Elizabethtown,  New  York,  June  18,  1809; 
studied  law,  and  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1838 ;  in  1840  he  was  appointed  Surrogate 
of  Essex  County,  wh'tch  office  he  held  for 
four  years ;  was  elected  in  1846  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress ;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Manufactures,  and  on  the  Militia;  and  in 
1864  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat, 
at  Elizabethtown,  August  24,  1865. 

Kellogg,  William.— Born  in  Ashta- 
bula  County,  Ohio,  July  8,  1814,  and  re 
moved  to  Illinois  in  1837.  His  education 
was  obtained  in  the  common  schools  of 
the  country,  and  having  studied  law,  he  ac 
quired  an  extensive  practice  in  the  dis 
trict,  of  disputed  land  titles  in  Illinois.  He 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1849  and 
1850,  and  was  three  years  Judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court  of  Illinois,  and  elected  a 
Representative,  from  that  State,  to  tli3 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Expendi 
tures.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Judiciary  Commit 
tee,  and  on  the  Special  Committee  of 
Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious  States. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Judiciary  Committee, 
and  that  on  Government  Expenditures. 
In  1864  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  Minister  to  Gautemala,  and  in 
1856  Chief  Justice  of  Nebraska  Territory, 
by  President  Johnson. 

Kelly,  James*— He  was  a  Represent- 


218 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


ative  in   Congress,   from   Pennsylvania, 
from  1805  to  1809. 

Kelly,  John.— Born  in  the  City  of. 
New  York,  April  21,  1821;  educated  at 
the  public  schools  in  that  city ;  by  trade  a 
mason;  was  Alderman  of  the  city  for  two 
years ;  and  elected  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means.  In  October,  1858,  he  was  elected 
High  Sheriff  for  the  City  and  County  of 
New  York.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  "Chicago  Convention"  of  1861. 

Kelly,  William.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Louisiana, 
during  the  years  1821  and  1822;  and  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  1822  to  1825. 

Kelsey,  William  H. — He  was  born 
in  Smyrna,  New  York,  October  2,  1812; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  in  1840  he 
was  appointed  Surrogate  of  Livingston 
County ;  in  1850  District  Attorney  of  the 
same  County ;  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Agriculture;  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Appropriations. 

Kelso,  John  JB. — Born  in  Franklin 
County,  Ohio,  March  21,  1831;  educated 
at  Pleasant  Ridge  College,  Missouri;  was 
for  a  time  the  Principal  of  an  academy ; 
served  through  the  war  for  the  Union  as  a 
Lieutenant  and  Captain,  and  in  1864  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Mis 
souri,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  the  Post  OiHce 
and  Post  Roads.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866. 

Kenible,    Gouverneur. — He    was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  1837  to  1841. 

Kempshall,  Thomas.  —  He  was 
born  in  England,  aud,  having  emigrated 
to  New  York,  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

Kenan,  Thomas.— Born  in  Duplin 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1771.  In  1799 
he  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Dele 
gates  ;  served  in  the  State  Senate  in  1804 ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  North  Carolina,  from  1805  to  1811. 
He  subsequently  removed  to  Alabama, 
where  he  served  for  many  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  that  State,  but  declined  a 
re-election  to  Congress.  Died  near  Sel- 
ma,  October  22,  1843. 

Kendall,  Jonas.  —  He  was  born  at 
Worcester,  Massachusetts,  in  1757;  ob 
tained  a  finished  education  by  his  own  un 


aided  exertions ;  served  thirteen  years  in 
the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1821.  Died  in 
Leominster,  Massachusetts,  October  22, 
1844. 

Kendall,  Joseph  G.—  Born  in  1788; 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1810,  and 
was  a  tutor  in  that  University  from  1812 
to  1819.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1823 
to  1833;  and  then  appointed  Clerk  of  thy 
State  Courts.  He  died  at  Worcester,  Mas 
sachusetts,  October  2,  1847. 

Kennedy,  And  reiv.— Born  in  Ohio, 
in  1810;  was  bred  a  blacksmith,  and  at 
the  age  of  nineteen  could  neither  read  nor 
write.  He  subsequently  studied  law,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  of  In 
diana;  and  represented  that  State  in  Con 
gress  from  1841  to  1847.  He  died  at  Muu- 
cietowu,  Indiana,  December  31,  1847. 

Kennedy,  Anthony.— Born  in  Balti 
more,  Maryland,  in  1811;  removed,  when 
ten  years  of  age,  to  Virginia;  educated  at 
Jefferson  Academy,  Charlestovvn,  Vir 
ginia  ;  studied  law,  but  abandoned  it,  and 
subsequently  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  cotton  aud  in  planting.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  of  Virginia  from 
1839  to  1843,  and  an  unsuccessful  candi 
date  for  Congress  from  Virginia;  re 
moved  to  Baltimore  in  1850,  and  was 
elected  to  the  Maryland  Legislature  in 
1856,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Ways  and  Means,  and  by  that  body 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for 
six  years  from  March  4,  1857,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Private 
Land  Claims,  aud  on  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia. 

Kennedy,  John  P.—  He  was  born 
in  Baltimore,  October,  1795.  He  studied 
law,  and  practised  in  that  city  until  1838, 
when  he  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives,  in  the  Federal  Legisla 
ture,  and  served  in  that  body  through 
the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-seventh,  and 
Twenty-eighth  Congresses;  elected  in 
1846  to  the  House  of  Delegates  of  Mary 
land  (of  which  he  had  been  a  member  in 
the  sessions  of  1820  and  1822) ;  he  was 
made  Speaker,  and  took  an  active  part  in 
the  measure  which  was  then  adopted  to 
resume  the  payment  of  the  State  debt,  and 
the  restoration  of  the  public  credit.  Since 
1847,  he  has  held  no  local  political  post, 
but  has  devoted  his  time  to  literary  pur 
suits.  His  last  national  position  was 
that  of  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  under  Pres 
ident  Fillmore.  In  1849  he  was  chosen 
by  the  Regents  of  the  University  of  Mary 
land  to  preside  over  that  institution,  as 
Provost,  which  position  Tie  now  occu 
pies.  Among  his  various  political  tracts, 
speeches,  reports,  and  addresses,  which 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


219 


have  been  published,  are  "A  Review  of 
Mr.  Cambreling's  Free-Trade  Report,  by 
Mephistopheles,"  in  1830 ;  "  The  Memorial 
of  the  Permanent  Committee  of  the  New 
York  Convention  of  Friends  of  Domestic 
Inclustiy,"  in  1833 ;  an  elaborate  report  on 
"The  Commerce  and  Navigation  of  the 
United  States,  by  the  Committee  of  Com 
merce"  (of  which  Mr.  Kennedy  was 
Chairman),  in  1842 ;  and  a  report  from  the 
same  Committee  on  "  The  Warehouse 
System,"  in  1843.  Besides  these,  he  has 
published  several  pamphlets  and  tracts,  in 
defence  of  the  protective  system.  In  the 
field  of  general  literature,  he  is  known  to 
the  public  as  the  author  of  "Swallow 
Barn;  a  Sojourn  in  the  Old  Dominion," 
"Horseshoe  Robinson,"  "Rob  of  the 
Bowl,"  "Quod  Libet,"  "Memoirs  of  the 
Life  of  William  Wirt,  late  Attorney-Gen 
eral  of  the  United  States,"  sundry  histori 
cal,  biographical,  and  literary  discourses, 
essays  and  reviews,  which  have  not  yet 
been  collected  into  volumes.  He  was  an 
active  member  of  the  Historical  Society 
of  Maryland,  and  for  a  long  time  its  Vice- 
President. 

Kennedy,  William.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1803  to  1805,  from  1809  to 
1811,  from  1813  to  1815. 

Kennett,  Luther  M.—  He  was  born 
in  Falmouth,  Pendleton  County,  Ken 
tucky,  March  15,  1807;  received  a  good 
English  and  classical  education ;  was  for  a 
number  of  years  Deputy  Clerk  of  Pendle 
ton  and  Campbell  counties;  he  studied 
law,  and  in  1825  removed  to  Missouri, 
where  he  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ; 
having  settled  in  St.  Louis  in  1842,  he  was 
elected  to  the  councils  of  that  city ;  in  1849 
he  was  Chairman  of  the  "  Pacific  Railroad 
Convention,"  held  in  St.  Louis,  and  subse 
quently  Vice-President  of  the  company 
formed  for  commencing  the  work;  in 
1850  he  was  elected  Mayor  of  St.  Louis, 
and  re-elected  in  1851  and  1852.  In  1853 
he  was  elected  President  of  the  St.  Louis 
and  Iron  Mountain  Railroad;  and  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mis 
souri  (St.  Louis  District),  from  1855  to 
1857. 

Kennon,  William* — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and,  having  emigrated  to 
Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to 
1833,  from  1833  to  1837,  and  from  1847  to 
1849. 

Kent,  JosepJi. — Born,  in  1779,  in  Cal- 
vert  County,  Maryland ;  was  educated  for 
physician,  and  combined  the  practice  of 
his  profession  with  the  pursuits  of  agri 
culture.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  his  native  State,  from  1811  to 
1815,  and  from  1821  to  182G ;  Governor  of 
Maryland  from  182G  to  1829 ;  and  United 


States  Senator  from  1833  to  1837.  He 
died  near  his  residence,  in  the  vicinity  of 
Bladeusburg,  Maryland,  November  24, 
1839. 

Kent,  Moss. — He  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  Assembly  in  1807  and  1810, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1813  to  1817. 

Kenyan,     William    8. — He    was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Private  Land 
Claims. 

Kernan,  Francis. — He  was  born  in 
Steuben  County,  New  York,  January  14, 
1816 ;  received  his  education  at  the  George 
town  College,  District  of  Columbia; 
adopted  and  practised  the  profession  of 
law ;  held  for  a  time  the  office  of  Reporter 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals ;  served  in  the 
State  Legislature;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  Judiciary.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Constitutional 
Convention  "  of  1867. 

Kerr,  John* — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from, 
1813  to  1817. 

Kerr,  John.— He  was  born  in  North 
Carolina,  received  a  liberal  education,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  his  native 
State,  from  1853  to  1855 ;  and  was  subse 
quently  elected  to  the  House  of  Commons 
of  that  State. 

Kerr,  John  Bosman. — Born  at 
Easton,  Talbot  County,  Maryland,  March 
5,  1809 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University 
in  1830.  He  studied  law  at  Easton,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  General  Assembly  of  Marjr- 
land  from  1836  to  1838 ;  and  from  1847  to 
1849  he  acted  as  Deputy  for  the  Attorney- 
General  of  Maryland  for  Talbot  County. 
From  1849  to  1851  he  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  and  at  the  end  of  the 
session  was  appointed  by  President  Fill- 
more  Charge  d'Aflfaires  to  the  Republic  of 
Nicaragua.  During  the  revolution  of  1851 
he  had  the  good  fortune,  as  the  National 
Representative  in  Central  America,  to 
bring  about  an  armistice,  and  was  instru 
mental  in  saving  the  lives  of  leading  offi 
cers  of  the  revolutionary  party,  for  which 
he  received  a  formal  expression  of  thanks 
from  the  Executive  on  leaving  the  coun 
try;  and  in  1853  the  Congress  of  the 
United  States  voted  him  an  extra  sum  for 
services  in  Central  America.  In  1854  he 
resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession  in 
the  City  of  Baltimore,  and  subsequently 
held  an  office  under  the  Attorney-General 
in  Washington,  after  which  he  was  ap« 


220 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


pointed  Deputy  Solicitor  of  the  Court  of 
Claims.  He  was  the  sou  of  J.  L.  Kerr. 

Kerr,  John  L.  —  He  was  born  at 
Grcenbury  Point,  near  Annapolis,  Mary 
land,  January  15,  1780;  graduated  at  St. 
John's  College  in  1799;  studied  law  with 
John  Leeds  Bozraan,  and  practised  the 
profession  with  success ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1825  to  1829,  and  again  from  1831  to 
1833 ;  he  was  also  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  1841  to  1843.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  "National  Convention"  held  at  Har- 
risburg  in  1839,  and  at  the  head  of  the 
electoral  ticket  for  President  during  the 
same  year.  Before  entering  Congress,  he 
was  the  Agent  of  Maryland  in  the  prose 
cution  of  militia  claims  against  the  United 
States.  He  died  at  his  homestead,  iu 
Maryland,  February  21,  1844. 

Kerr,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1814  to  1815, 
having  succeeded  Thomas  Worthington. 

Kerr,  Michael  C.  —Born  near  Titus- 
ville,  Crawford  County,  Pennsylvania, 
March  15,  1827;  was  chiefly  self-educated, 
but  studied  at  several  academies ;  for  a 
time  taught  school;  studied  law  in  the 
University  of  Louisville,  and  received  the 
degree  of  Bachelor  of  Laws.  After  a  brief 
residence  in  Kentucky  he  settled  at  New 
Albany,  Indiana.  In  1856  he  was  elected 
for  two  years  to  the  State  Assembly ;  in 
1862  he  was  elected  Reporter  to  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  the  State,  and  published 
five  volumes ;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Indiana,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Private  Land  Claims,  and 
on  Accounts.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Elections,  and  Roads  and  Canals. 

Kerrigan,    James    E.  —  He    was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  leaving 
his  seat  for  a  time  to  serve  as  a  Colonel 
of  Volunteers  in  the  troubles  of  1861. 

Kershaw,  John* — He  was  a  native 
of  South  Carolina,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1813  to 
1815,  when  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Madison,  one  of  the  three  Commissioners 
to  run  the  Creek  boundary  lines. 

Ketcham,  John  H.—  He  was  born 
in  Dover,  Duchess  County,  New  York, 
December  21,  1831 ;  received  an  academi 
cal  education,  and  adopted  the  occupation 
of  a  farmer.  He  was  for  two  years  Super 
visor  of  his  native  town ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Assembly  in  1856  and  1857 ;  of  the 
State  Senate  in*1860  and  1861.  In  1862  he 
entered  the  militaiy  service,  and  as  Colo 
nel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fiftieth  New 
York  Volunteers  served  until  January,  1865, 


when  he  was  made  a  Brigadier-General 
by  brevet,  which  position  he  resigned  iu 
March,  1865,  having  previously  been  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  He  was 
also  one  of  the  Representatives  designated 
by  the  House  to  attend  the  funeral  of  Gen 
eral  Scott  in  1866.  Re-elected  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment,  and  Military  Affairs. 

Key,  Philip.—  Was  born  in  St.  Ma 
ry's  County,  Maryland,  in  1750;  received 
a  classical  and  commercial  education ;  was 
devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits;  served 
a  number  of  years  in  the  Legislature  of 
Maryland,  and  was  for  one  or  two  terms 
Speaker.  He  also  rendered  some  service 
in  the  Municipal  Courts  of  his  native 
county.  His  service  as  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  was  from 
1791  to  1793.  Died  in  his  native  place  in 
January,  1820. 

Key,  Philip  Bart  on.—  Born  in  Ce 
cil  County,  Maryland,  iu  1765;  was  liber 
ally  educated ;  entered  the  English  army 
as  a  Captain,  and  when  the  Revolutionary 
war  broke  out  he  refused  to  bear  arms 
against  the  Colonies ;  he  had  a  small  com 
mand  and  some  service  atPensacola,  Flor 
ida,  where  he  was  a  hard  student;  and 
after  the  peace  he  returned  to  Maryland, 
where  he  took  a  high  position  as  a  law 
yer.  He  also  represented  Annapolis  in 
the  State  Legislature.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1807  to  1813,  and  died  at  George 
town,  District  of  Columbia,  July  28,  1815. 

Keyes,  Elias. — He  was  born  in  Ash- 
ford,  Connecticut;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from  1821  to 
1823.  From  1803  to  1818  he  was  a  State 
Councillor;  and  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Vermont,  for  a  period  of  eighteen 
years,  from  Stockbridge  County. 

Kidder,  David.— He  was  born  in 
Dresden,  Lincoln  County,  Maine,  Decem 
ber  8,  1787;  received  a  classical  education 
from  private  tutors;  studied  law,  and  set 
tled  in  Somerset  County,  where  he  was 
County  Attorney  from  1811  to  1823;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Maine, 
from  1823  to  1827 ;  and  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1829.  Died  Novem 
ber  1,  1860. 

Kidivell,  Zede7ciah.—He  was  born 
in  Fairfax  County,  Virginia,  January  4, 
1814;  was  educated  by  his  father;  studied 
medicine,  and  graduated  at  the  Jefferson 
Medical  College  of  Philadelphia  in  1839. 
After  practising  medicine  some  years,  he 
commenced  in  1848  the  study  of  law,  and 
began  to  practise  as  a  lawyer  in  1849 ;  he 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  Legisla- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


221 


ture  of  Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the 
"State  Constitutional  Convention"  in 
1840 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1852 ; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Virginia,  from  1853  to  1857.  *  In  1857  he 
was  elected  one  of  three  Commissioners 
to  superintend  the  public  works  for  the 
State  of  Virginia,  representing  in  that 
board  the  Third  District. 

Kilbourn,  James. — Born  in  New 
Britain,  Connecticut,  October  19,  1770. 
While  apprenticed  as  a  farmer's  boy  he  re 
ceived  instruction  in  Latin  and  Greek  and 
mathematics  from  the  son  of  his  employer  ; 
was  next  a  mechanic,  then  a  merchant  and 
manufacturer,  and  finally  studied  divinity, 
and  became  a  clergyman  of  the.  Episcopal 
Church.  In  1803  he  was  instrumental  in 
forming  an  emigrating  colony  to  Central 
Ohio,  called  the  "  Scioto  Company."  A 
town  was  soon  organized,  and  named 
"Worthington.  In  1805  he  was  appointed 
by  Congress  to  the  office  of  United  States 
Surveyor  of  Public  Lands ;  and  in  1806  he 
was  chosen  by  the  Legislature  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Ohio  College, 
at  Athens.  In  1812  he  was  appointed  by 
the  President  a  Commissioner  to  settle 
the  boundary  between  the  Public  Lands 
and  the  Virginia  Reservation,  and  also 
commissioned  as  Colonel  of  the  Frontier 
Regiment.  He  was  one  of  the  Commission 
ers  for  locating  Miami  University,  and 
President  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of 
Worthington  College.  From  1813  to  1817 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Ohio.  In  1823  he  was  elected  to  the  Ohio 
Legislature,  serving  on  fourteen  com 
mittees,  and  was  re-elected  in  1838,  and 
subsequently  devoted  much  attention  to 
matters  of  State  policy.  He  died  in 
Worthiugton,  Ohio,  April  24,  1850. 

Kilgore,  David.  —  He  was  born  in 
Harrison  County,  Kentucky,  April  3, 1804, 
and  removed  with  his  father  to  Indiana  in 
1819,  and  settled  in  Franklin  County.  He 
received  a  common-school  education,  and 
commenced  the  study  of  law  in  1825,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  1830,  and  re 
moved  to  Delaware  County.  In  1833  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and 
served  several  years.  In  1839  he  was 
elected  by  the  Legislature  President  Judge 
of  the  Judicial  Circuit  in  which  he  re 
sided,  and  held  the  office  seven  years.  In 
1850  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Constitu 
tional  Convention  of  the  State.  In  1854 
was  again  elected  to  the  Legislature,  and 
was  Speaker  of  the  House.  In  185G  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Indi 
ana  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Treasury  Department,  and 
that  on  the  District  of  Columbia.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  National  Unioa  Convention  "  of  18G6. 


Kilgore,  Daniel.  —  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  iu 
Congress  from  Ohio,  from  1835  to  1839. 
Died  in  New  York,  December  12,  1851. 

Kille,  Joseph. — He  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841. 

Killinger,  John  W.—  Born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  from  that  State  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Public  Expenditures.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Mileage,  and  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Expenditures  in  the 
Post  Office  Department.  In  1863  he  was 
appointed  Assessor  of  Internal  Revenue 
for  the  Tenth  District  of  Pennsylvania. 

Kincaid,  John.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  Kentucky, 
from  1829  to  1833. 

King,  Adam. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1827  to  1833,  and  died  May  6,  1835. 

King,  Austin  A.  —  He  was  born  in 
Sullivan  County,  Tennessee,  September 
20,  1801 ;  received  as  good  an  education 
as  the  country  then  afforded ;  studied  law, 
and  was  licensed  to  practise  on  becoming 
of  age;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1830;  in 
1834  was  elected  to  the  Missouri  Legisla 
ture;  re-elected  to  the  same  position  in 
1836 ;  in  1837  he  was  appointed  a  Circuit 
Judge  for  Ray  County,  which  position  he 
held  until  1848,  when  he  was  elected  Gov 
ernor  of  Missouri,  the  term  of  that  office 
expiring  in  1853;  in  1862  he  was  again 
placed  upon  the  bench  in  his  old  circuit, 
and  during  that  year  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Missouri,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  the  Judiciary. 

King,  Cyrus. — Born  in  Scarborough, 
Massachusetts,  September  6;  1772;  grad 
uated  at  Columbia  College  in  1794;  was 
private  Secretary  to  Ral'us  King,  his  half 
brother,  in  1796;  studied  law,  and  prac 
tised  twenty  years  in  Saco ;  was  a  Major- 
General of  Militia;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  Massachusetts, 
from  1813  to  1817.  Died  April  25,  1817. 

King,  Daniel  Putnam.  —  Born  in 
Danvers,  Massachusetts,  iu  1800;  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  in  1823.  At  first  he  con 
templated  the  study  of  the  law,  but  soon 
abandoned  it  for  the  practice  of  agricul 
ture.  In  1836  and  1837  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature;  in  1838 
and  1839  a  member  of  the  State  Senate; 
and  in  1840  and  1841  President  of  that 
body;  Speaker  of  the  House  in  1843,  and 
during  that  year  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  iu  Congress,  and  held  that  po- 


222 


BIOGRAPHICAL   RECORDS. 


sition  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
Danvers,  July  25,  1850. 

King,  George  C.  —  He  was  born  in 
Rhode  Island,  and  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1825 ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849 
to  1853.  Was  Presidential  Elector  in 
1849. 

King,  Henri/.  —  Born  in  Hampden, 
Hampshire  County,  Massachusetts.  Stud 
ied  law  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylvania,  and 
began  the  practice  of  it  at  Allentown,  in 
the  same  State,  about  the  year  1815.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  when  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  the  Twenty-second  Congress ;  and 
re-elected  to  the  Twenty-third.  He  sepa 
rated  from  the  Democratic  party  on  the 
question  growing  out  of  the  removal  of 
the  government  deposits  from  the  Bank 
of  the  United  States.  Retiring  from  po 
litical  life,  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law. 
He  died  July  13,  1861,  aged  seventy-one 
years. 

King,  J~ames.  —  He  was  born  at 
High  wood,  New  Jersey,  in  1791;  was 
taken  to  England  by  his  father  when 
American  Minister,  and  was  educated 
there,  and  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  1810;  was  an  eminent  merchant  and 
banker  in  New  York  City ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1849  to  1851.  He  died  in  Highwood, 
New  Jersey,  October  3,  1853. 

King,  John.  —  He  was  born  in  1775 ; 
served  in  Congress  as  a  Representative, 
from  New  York,  from  1831  to  1833 ;  and 
died  at  New  Lebanon,  New  York,  Septem 
ber  1,  183G. 

King,  John  A.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York  in  1788 ;  educated  at  Harrow, 
England;  and  was  devoted  somewhat 
to  farming.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Assembly  from  1819  to  1821; 
and  re-elected  in  1832  and  in  1840,  from 
Queen's  County;  and  in  1823  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1849  to  1851;  and  was  also 
Governor  of  New  York  from  1856  to  1858. 
Rufus  King,  the  diplomatist,  was  his  fa 
ther,  and  James  G.  King,  of  New  Jersey, 
was  his  brother.  He  was  also  appointed 
Secretary  of  Legation  at  London  in  1826, 
and,  on  the  return  of  his  father,  acted  as 
Charge  d'Affaires.  In  1859  he  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  "State  Convention"  held  at 
Saratoga ;  and  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1860.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Peace  Congress"  of  1861 ;  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "  National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866;  and  to  the  State  "Constitutional 
Convention"  of  1867.  Died  at  Jamaica, 
Long  Island,  July  7,  1867. 


King,  John  JP.  —  He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1833  to 
1837. 

King,  PerJcins. —  He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1827,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  that 
State  from  1829  to  1831. 

King,  Preston.  —  He  was  born  in 
Ogdensburg,  St.  Lawrence  County,  New 
York,  October  14,  1806;  graduated  at 
Union  Colledge;  studied  law  and  prac 
tised  the  profession ;  during  the  adminis 
tration  of  Andrew  Jackson  he  established 
and  edited  the  "  St.  Lawrence  Republican," 
and  in  1834  was  appointed  Postmaster  of 
Ogdensburg;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Legislature  in  1835,  1836,  1837,  and 
1838;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1843  to  1847,  and 
again  from  1849  to  1853 ;  in  1857  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  which  po 
sition  he  retained  until  1863,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions.  During  his  service  in 
the  Senate  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Na 
tional  Republican  Committee ;  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  "Baltimore  Convention"  in 
1864,  and  a  Presidential  Elector  in  the 
same  year;  and  in  the  summer  of  1865  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Johnson, 
Collector  of  the  Port  of  New  York.  He 
was  drowned  in  the  harbor  of  New  York, 
November  13,  1865,  having,  as  it  is  sup 
posed,  while  in  a  fit  of  derangement, 
thrown  himself  overboard  from  a  ferry 
boat.  On  the  day  that  his  successor  in 
the  Custom  House  entered  upon  his  du 
ties,  in  May,  1866,  the  body  of  the  deceased 
was  picked  up  in  the  Hudson  River,  and 
was  buried  with  suitable  honors. 

King,  Rufus. — He  was  born  in  Scar 
borough,  Maine,  in  1755;  was  educated  at 
Duminer  Academy,  in  Newbury,  Massa 
chusetts;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1777;  in  1778  he  was  Aide-de-camp  to 
Sullivan  in  his  expedition  against  the 
British  in  Rhode  Island;  he  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Newbury- 
port,  Massachusetts,  in  1780;  he  was 
elected  from  that  town  to  the  State  Legis- 
ture;  in  1784  was  elected  a  Delegate  to 
Congress,  at  Trenton  •  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Convention  of  Massachusetts, 
held  in  1787 ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  Federal  Consti 
tution,  and  signed  that  instrument;  re 
moving  to  New  York  City  in  1778,  he  was, 
in  1789,  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
and  served  his  entire  term,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  same  position  in  1813,  re 
maining  in  that  capacity  until  1825.  At 
the  close  of  his  first  term  in  the  Senate, 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Washing 
ton,  Minister  to  England,  where  he  re 
mained  through  the  whole  of  President 
Adams's  term,  and  during  two  years  of 
President  Jefferson's  term.  In  1825  Pres- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


223 


ident  John  Quincy  Adams  again  appointed 
him  Minister  to  England,  but  bad  health 
prevented  him  from  entering  upon  his  du 
ties  ;  and,  returning  home,  he  died  at 
Jamaica,  Long  Island,  April  29,  1827.  As 
a  statesman,  diplomatist,  and  political 
writer,  lie  displayed  great  abilities,  and  he 
was  the  author  of  many  of  the  papers 
written  on  the  British  Treaty,  in  1794,  over 
the  signature  of  Camilius ;  as  a  man,  he 
was  universally  respected  and  beloved. 

King,  Rufus  H.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857.  He  was  subsequently  President  of 
the  New  York  State  National  Bank,  at  Al 
bany,  and  also  of  the  Albany  Insurance 
Company.  A  gentleman  bearing  the  same 
name  was  appointed  Minister  to  Rome. 

King,  T.  Butler.  —  He  was  born  in 
Hampclcn,  Hampshire  County,  Massachu 
setts,  August  27,  1804 ;  was  educated  at 
Westfield  Academy ;  studied  law,  and  re 
moved  to  Georgia  in  1823,  where  he  de 
voted  himself  to  planting.  In  the  years 
1S32,  1834,  1835,  and  1837,  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate ;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1839  to  1843,  and  again  from  1845  to 
1847,  and  for  another  term  ending  with 
1849,  serving  much  of  the  time  on  the 
Committee  on  Naval  Affairs,  in  which  he 
took  especial  interest.  He  was  also  a 
member  in  1833  of  the  "  Milledgeville  Con 
vention,"  in  1836  of  the  "Macon  Railroad 
Convention,"  and  in  1840,  of  the  "Young 
Men's  Convention"  at  Baltimore;  besides 
serving  as  the  President  of  various  canal 
and  railroad  companies.  He  subsequent 
ly  became  a  resident  of  California,  but 
returned  to  Georgia,  and  was  elected,  in 
1859,  a  Senator  in  the  State  Legislature. 
He  was,  for  two  years,  Collector  of  the 
Port  of  San  Francisco ;  was  identified 
with  the  great  Rebellion  as  a  Commission 
er  to  Europe;  and  died  in  Georgia,  May 
10,  1864. 

Ring,  William  B. — Born  in  N.»rth 
Carolina,  April  7,  1786 ;  received  a  good 
education ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1800 ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  his  native  State,  from 
1811  to  1816;  he  resigned  that  position 
and  accompanied  William  Piuckney  to 
Europe  as  Secretary  of  Legation;  and,  on 
his  return  from  Europe,  settled  in  the 
Territory  of  Alabama,  and  devoted  him 
self  to  planting.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  which  formed  the  State  Con 
stitution  of  Alabama;  in  1819  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ala 
bama,  where  he  continued  until  1844,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Public  Lands,  Commerce,  and  other  im 
portant  committees;  in  that  year  he  was 
appointed  Minister  to  France,  and  contin 
ued  there  two  years;  inl84Ghewas  again 


elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  where 
he  remained  until  elected  Vice-Presidcnt 
of  the  United  States  in  1852.  During  the 
Twenty-fourth,  Twenty -fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Con 
gresses,  he  officiated  as  President  pro 
tern,  of  the  Senate,  and  as  a  presiding 
officer,  as  well  as  a  man,  commanded  uni 
versal  respect.  At  the  time  of  his  elec 
tion  as  Vice-President  his  health  was 
feeble,  and,  when  the  time  arrived  for 
taking  the  constitutional  oath  of  that 
office,  he  was  in  Cuba,  and  the  oath  was 
administered  by  the  American  Consul 
there.  He  returned  to  his  plantation  at 
Cahawba,  Alabama,  April  17,  1853,  and 
died  the  following  day. 

Kingsburi/,  William  W. — Born 
in  Towanda,  Bradford  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  June  4, 1828.  He  was  self-educated ; 
he  was  bred  a  farmer,  emigrated  to  Min 
nesota,  and  in  the  year  1855  was  first 
elected  a  member  of  the  Minnesota  Legis 
lature,  and  again  in  1856.  In  1857  was 
Delegate  to  the  Convention  for  framing  a 
Constitution  for  Minnesota,  and  elected  a 
Delegate  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress. 

Kinloch,  Francis.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1780  to  1781. 

Kinnard,    George   L.—  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana, 
from  1833  to  1837,  and  died  at  Cincinnati, 
November  26,  1838,  from  injuries  received 
on  the  sixteenth  of  that  mouth  on  board 
the  steambort  Flora,  which  exploded  near 
that  city. 

JLinney,  John  Fitch. — Born  in  New 
Haven,  Oswego  County,  New  York,  April 
2,  1816 ;  received  an  academical  education, 
studied  law,  settled  in  Marysville,  Ohio, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  at "  Court 
and  Bane  "in  1837.  In  1839  he  removed 
to  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  where  he  prac 
tised  law  until  1844,  when  he  removed  to 
Lee  County,  Iowa ;  held  the  office  of  Sec 
retary  of  the  Legislative  Council  for  the 
Territory,  and  also  that  of  District  At 
torney.  Upon  the  admission  of  Iowa  as 
a  State,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court,  holding 
the  office  two  years,  when  he  was  elected 
to  the  same  by  the  Legislature  for  six 
years.  In  1853  he  was  appointed  by  Pres 
ident  Pierce  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supremo 
Court  of  Utah,  and  went  to  that  Territory 
in  1854;  in  1857  removed  to  Nebraska 
Territory,  and  settled  in  the  practice  of 
law ;  in  1860,  by  President  Buchanan,  he 
was  again  appointed  Chief  Justice  of 
Utah,  holding  that  office  until  1863,  when 
he  was  elected,  by  a  unanimous  vote,  a 
Delegate  from  Utah  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress. 

Kinsey,  Charles.—  He  was  a  Repre- 


224 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


sentativc  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1817  to  1819,  and  from  1820  to  1821. 

Kinsej/,  James. — He  was  a  Dele- 
pate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1775,  when  he  re 
signed  his  seat.  He  was  active  in  the 
cause  of  the  Kevolution,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence 
for  Burlington  County.  In  1789  he  was 
appointed  Chief  Justice  of  New  Jersey. 
He  died  at  Burlington,  January  4,  1802, 
aged  seventy. 

Kinsley,  Martin. — He  was  born  in 
Bridgewater,  Massachusetts,  June  2, 1754; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1778, 
and  studied  medicine;  performed  some 
service  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  was 
chosen  a  Delegate  to  the  Convention  for 
forming  the  Constitution  of  his  native 
State;  served  in  the  Legislature  of  Mas 
sachusetts  about  thirty  years ;  he  was 
also  at  different  periods  a  member  of  the 
State  Council;  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas ;  Judge  of  Probate ;  and  a 
[Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1819  to  1821.  He  died  June 
20,  1835. 

KirMand,  Joseph. — He  was  born 
in  Old  Norwich,  Connecticut,  in  1771; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1790;  re 
moved  to  Utica,  New  York,  and  was  the 
first  Mayor  of  that  City ;  served  frequently 
in  the  State  Legislature ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1821  to  1823.  He  died  at  Utica,  Jan 
uary  26,  1844. 

Kirkpatrickf    Littleton,— Bora  in 

New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1815 ;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1843 
to  1845.  He  was  also  for  five  years  Surro 
gate  of  the  County  of  Middlesex.  Died 
August  15,  1859. 

JKirkpatricJc,    William.— HQ   was 

born  in  Amwell,  Hunterdon  County,  New 
Jersey,  in  November,  1763 ;  was  educated 
at  Princeton  College,  graduating  in  1788  ; 
studied  medicine,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  1795 ;  in  1806  he  removed  to 
Salina,  New  York,  and  became  Superin 
tendent  of  the  Salt  Springs ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1807  to  1809, 
from  New  York ;  and  died  of  cholera,  at 
Salina,  September  2,  1832. 

KirJcwood,  Samuel  «/".— He  was 
born  in  Harford  County,  Maryland,  De 
cember  20,  1813,  and  received  an  academi 
cal  education  in  Washington  City.  In 
1835  he  removed  to  Ohio,  where  he  studied 
law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1843;  for 
four  years  he  was  Prosecuting  Attorney 
of  Richland  County;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  "  Constitutional  Convention  "  of 


1850 ;  removed  to  Iowa  in  1855 ;  was  elect 
ed  to  the  Senate  of  that  State  in  1856; 
was  Governor  of  Iowa  from  the  beginning 
of  I860  to  the  beginning  of  1864;  and  in 
January,  1866,  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Iowa,  for  the  unexpired 
term  of  James  Ilarlan,  ending  in  March, 
1867,  and  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Pensions  and  Public  lands. 

Kirtland,  Dorrance. — He  was  born 
in  New  York;  graduated  at  Yale  College, 
in  1789 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1817  to  1819. 

JLitchell,  Aaron. — Born  in  Morris 
County,  New  Jersey;  was  a  warm  sup 
porter  of  the  Revolution;  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1791  to  1793,  from  1794  to  1797,  and  from 
1799  to  1801 ;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  1805  to  1809,  when  he  resigned.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature. 

Kitchen,  BetJiuel  M. — He  was  born 
in  Berkeley  County,  West  Virginia,  March 
21,  1812;  received  a  common-school  edu 
cation,  and  adopted  the  occupation  of  a 
farmer;  in  1861  and  1862  he  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  of  Virginia;  in  1863  a 
Representative  from  that  State  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  but  was  not  ad 
mitted  to  his  seat;  in  1864  he  was  elected 
to  the  Senate  of  West  Virginia,  and  in 
1866  a  Representative  from  West  Virginia 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Agriculture,  and  Expenses 
in  the  Treasury  Department. 

Kittera,  John  W. — He  was  a  grad 
uate  of  Princeton  College  in  1776;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1791  to  1801,  when  he  was 
appointed  United  States  District  At 
torney  for  the  Eastern  District  of  Penn 
sylvania. 

Kittera,  Thomas.— HQ  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  ^fom  1826  to  1827. 

Kittredge,    George    W.  — He  was 

born  in  New  Hampshire ;  a  physician  by 
profession ;  a  member  of  the  Legislature 
for  three  years,  in  1847,  1851,  and  1852, 
officiating  as  Speaker  in  1852 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Klingensmith,  Jr.,  John. — He  was 

born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1835  to  1839. 

Knapp,  AntJiony  L.—  Born  in  Mid- 
dletovvn,  Delaware  County,  New  York, 
June  14,  1823 ;  removed  with  his  father  to 
Illinois  in  1839;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  settling  in  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


225 


town  of  Jersey  ville ;  in  1858  he  was  elect 
ed  to  the  Senate  of  Illinois,  attending  the 
sessions  of  1859  and  1861 ;  and  in  the  latter 
year  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Illinois,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Rev 
olutionary  Pensions.  In  18G2  he  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Private  Land 
Claims. 

Knapp,  CJiauncey  L.  —He  was  born 
in  Berlin,  Vermont,  February  26,  1809. 
He  commenced  active  business  life  by 
serving  an  apprenticeship  of  seven  years 
in  a  printing-office  in  Montpelier;  was 
elected  Reporter  for  the  Legislature  in 
1833 ;  was  co-proprietor  and  editor  forsome 
years  of  the  "  State  Journal ;"  was  elected 
Secretary  of  the  State  in  1836,  in  which 
capacity  he  served  four  years;  and  re 
moving  to  Massachusetts  he  was  elected 
Secretary  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate  in 
1851 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and 
•was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Ter 
ritories.  To  him  was  awarded  the  credit, 
while  editing  the  "Journal, "of  first  nom 
inating  General  Harrison  for  the  Presi 
dency,  which  resulted  in  his  obtaining 
the  electoral  votes  of  Vermont  four  years 
before  he  was  really  elected.  Mr.  Knapp's 
tastes  have  led  him  to  the  study  of  me 
chanics,  and  in  all  his  public  positions  he 
has  paid  particular  attention  to  the  me 
chanical  interests  of  his  constituents. 

Knickerbocker,  Herman.~Ke  was 

born  in  New  York  in  1780,  and  was  a  de 
scendant,  in  the  third  generation,  of  one 
of  the  original  emigrants  to  New  York. 
He  early  engaged  in  politics,  and  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  1809  to  1811, 
as  a  Federalist;  but  during  President 
Jackson's  administration  he  became  a 
Democrat.  He  died  in  Williamsburg,  New 
York,  January  30,  1855.  This  was  the 
person  to  whom  Irving  playfully  alluded 
in  the  preface  to  his  "Knickerbocker"  as 
"  my  cousin  the  Congressman." 

Knight,  Jonathan. — Born  in  Bucks 
County,  Pennsylvania,  November  22, 1787, 
and  removed  with  his  parents,  in  1801,  to 
East  Bethlehem,  Washington  County.  He 
was  mostly  self-educated,  and  became  a 
school-teacher,  and  surveyor  of  lands.  In 
1816  he  was  appointed  by  the  State  Gov 
ernment  to  make  and  report  a  map  of  his 
county.  He  served  three  years  as  County 
Commissioner,  and  was  appointed,  in  1827, 
a  Commissioner  to  extend  the  National 
Road  between  Cumberland  and  Wheeling 
through  Ohio  and  Indiana  to  the  eastern 
line  of  Illinois.  In  1822  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature,  and  served  six  years.  In 
1828  he  visited  England  to  acquire  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  civil  engineering, 
and  on  his  return  was  appointed  Chief 
15 


Engineer  on  the  Baltimore  and  OhioRond. 
He  was  elected,  in  1854,  a  Representative, 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania;  after  that  time  he  was  engaged 
in  agriculture.  He  died  in  Washington 
County,  November  22,  1858. 

Knight,  Nehemiah.  —  He  was  a  na 

tive  of  Rhode  Island  ;  a  farmer  by  occu 
pation;  a  prominent  politician  of  the 
Federal  school,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1803  to  1808. 

Knight,  Nehemiah  It.  —  Born  iu 
Cranston,  Rhode  Island,  December  31, 
1780;  was  chiefly  self-educated;  at  the 
age  of  twenty-two  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  ;  in  1805  he  was  elected  Clerk 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  Provi 
dence  ;  in  1812  he  was  chosen  Clerk  of  the 
Circuit  Court,  and  served  until  1817;  he 
was  also  for  many  years  President  of  the 
Roger  Williams  Bank;  he  was  elected 
Governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1817,  and  re- 
elected  in  1819  and  1820;  he  was  appoint 
ed,  by  President  Madison,  during  the  war 
with  England,  Collector  of  Providence; 
and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
1821  to  1841.  He  was  a  member  in  1843 
of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Convention," 
after  which  he  retired  to  private  life.  He 
died  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  April 
19,  1854.  He  was  a  man  of  sterling  char 
acter,  and  a  true  patriot. 

Knott,  «7.  Proctor.  —  He  was  born  in 
Marion  County,  Kentucky,  August  29, 
1830;  received  a  good  education  ;  studied 
law  and  removed  to  Missouri  in  1850;  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in 
1858,  but  resigned  in  1859  ;  in  1860  he  was 
elected  Attorney-General  of  the  State; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Missouri  Conven 
tion  "  of  1861  ;  returned  to  his  native  State 
in  1862;  and  in  1867  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Kentucky  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  oil 
Mines  and  Mining. 

Knowlton,    Ebenezer.  —  He    was 

born  in  New  Hampshire  ;  was  educated 
for  the  ministry  ;  was  elected  to  the  Maine 
Legislature  in  1844,  1846,  and  1848,  serv 
ing  during  his  second  year  as  Speaker; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1855  to  1857. 


j  James.  —  Born  in  Canajoharia, 
Montgomery  County,  New  York,  July  4, 
1807;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1830; 
studied  law  at  Utica,  New  York,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833.  In  1836  he 
located  at  Knoxville,  Illinois,  where  he  has 
since  resided,  giving  his  attention  chiefly 
to  mecantile  and  agricultural  pursuits. 
In  1847  he  was  a  member  of  the  "  Consti 
tutional  Convention"  of  Illinois,  and  in 
1852  was  elected  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth.  He  subsequently  be- 


226 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


came  blind,   and  visited  Europe  with  a 
view  of  recovering  his  sight. 

Kiio.r.  Samuel. — He  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Missouri,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  having  success 
fully  contested  the  seat  occupied  by  F.  B. 
Blair,  Jr.,  and  taking  his  own  seat  near 
the  close  of  the  first  session. 

Koontz,  William  JET. — He  was  born 
in  Somerset,  Pa.,  July  15,1830;  received 
ji  common-school  education ;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  was  District  Attorney 
for  Somerset  County  for  three  years  from 
1853 ;  was  Prothonotary  and  Clerk  of  the 
Courts  of  said  County  for  three  years 
from  1860;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  having  successfully  con 
tested  the  seat  of  A.  H.  Coffroth,  and 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  the  District 
of  Columbia.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' Convention  " 
of  18GG ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Forti 
eth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees 
for  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Interior  Department. 

Krebs,  Jacob.— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1826  to  1827. 

Kremer,  George.—  Born  in  Dauphin 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1775,  and  died 
in  Union  County.  Pennsylvania,  Septem 
ber  11,  1854.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1823 
to  1829. 

KuJins,  Joseph  H. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1851  to  1853. 

KunTcel,  Jacob  M.—  Was  born  in 
Frederick,  Maryland,  July  23,  1822 ;  grad 
uated  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1843 ;  studied  law,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  1846;  and  in  1850  was  elected  to 
the  Maryland  Senate  for  six  years,  but  the 
change  in  the  State  Constitution  cut  short 
his  term.  He  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  from  Maryland,  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Expenditures  in  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment.  Also  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Accounts;  and  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
1866. 

KunTcel t  John  C.— Born  in  Pennsyl 
vania  ;  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and  a 
member  of  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty- 
iifth  Congresses  from  his  native  State, 
and  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Claims. 


Kurtz,  William  JET.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1851  to  1855. 

KuyTcendall,  Andrew  J. — He  was 

born  in  Gallatin  County,  Illinois,  March  3, 
1815 ;  was  chiefly  self-educated ;  studied, 
adopted,  and  practised  the  profession  of 
law.  From  1842  to  1846  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Illinois  Legislature,  and  in  the 
State  Senate  from  1850  to  1862.  As  a  vol 
unteer,  he  entered  the  Thirty-first  Regi 
ment  of  Illinois  Infantry  in  18C1,  was 
elected  Major,  and  served  until  1862, 
when  he  resigned  on  account  of  his 
health ;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Illinois,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads, 
and  on  Mileage.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention"  of  1866. 

Labranch,  Alcea. — He  was  born  in 
Louisiana,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

LacocTc,  Abner.—Bom  in  Virginia 
in  1770.  Without  the  advantage  of  much 
early  education,  he  raised  himself  by  his 
talents  to  eminence  as  a  legislator,  states 
man,  and  civilian.  He  filled  various  pub 
lic  stations  for  a  period  of  nearly  forty 
years ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1811  to  1813,  and 
United  States  Senator  from.  1813  to  1819. 
He  died  in  Beaver  County,  Pennsylvania, 
April  12,  1637. 

Laflin,  Addlson  H.— He  was  born 
in  Lee,  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts, 
October  24,  1823;  graduated  at  Williams 
College  in  1843;  and,  having  removed  to 
Herkimer  County,  New  York,  became  ex 
tensively  engaged  in  the  business  of  man 
ufacturing  paper.  In  1857  he  was  elected 
to  the  Senate  of  New  York ;  and  in  1864 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  from  that 
State  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Printing.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  and  was  again  placed  at  the  head 
of  the  Committee  on  Printing,  and  was  a 
member  of  that  on  Manufactures.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Repub 
lican  Convention  "  of  1867. 

Lahm,  Samuel.—  Born  in  Leiters- 
burg,  Maryland,  April  22,  1812.  His  edu 
cation  was  limited,  yet  his  first  earnings 
were  the  result  of  teaching  school.  In 
March,  1835,  he  removed  to  Indiana,  and 
studied  law,  and  then  settled  in  Ohio.  In 
1837  he  was  elected  Master  in  Chancery ; 
in  1842  a  State  Senator;  at  various  times 
to  high  positions  in  the  Militia ;  and  to 
Congress,  as  a  Representative,  in  1847, 
where  he  remained  until  1849. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


227 


Lake,  William  A.—  He  was  born  in 
Maryland;  graduated  at  Washington  Col 
lege,  in  Pennsylvania;  studied  law ;  served 
in  the  Legislature  of  Maryland;  removed 
to  Mississippi;  practised  his  profession 
there  with  success ;  was  elected  to  the 
Senate  of  that  State ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi, 
during  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Lamar,  Henry  G.— He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to 
1833. 

Lamar,  L.  Q.  C. — He  is  a  native  of 
Georgia,  having  been  born  in  1820;  but 
removed  to  Mississippi,  studied  law,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congress  from  that  State,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Elections.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 
Joined  the  great  Rebellion  in  1861 ;  and  in 
18G7  he  was  appointed  Professor  of  Law 
in  Mississippi. 

Lamb,  Alfred  W.—  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Missouri,  form  1847  to 
1849. 

Lambert,  John.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1805  to  1809 ;  and  from  1809  to  1815 
he  was  a  member  of  the  United  States 
Senate.  During  the  years  1802  and  1803 
lie  performed  the  duties  of  Governor  of 
New  Jersey;  served  many  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  that  State;  and  died  in 
February,  1823,  aged  seventy-five  years. 

Lancaster,  Columbia. — He  was  a 

Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Washington,  during  the  years  1854  and 
1855. 

Landrum,  John  31".— He  was  born 
in  Edgefleld  Distiict,  South  Carolina,  July 
3,  1815 ;  obtained  the  greater  part  of  his 
education  after  he  became  of  age  by  his 
own  exertions ;  graduated  at  the  South 
Carolina  College  in  1842;  taught  school 
and  studied  law  at  the  same  time ;  in  1845 
removed  to  Louisiana,  and  settled  at 
Shreveport;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Louisiana,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Expenses  in  the  Post  Office 
Department.  Resigned  in  February,  1861. 

Landry,  J.  Aristide.—He  was  born 
in  Louisiana,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Landy,  James.  —  He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  October  13, 
1813 ;  received  his  education  in  his  native 
city;  devoted  himself  for  a  time  to  the  oc 


cupation  of  a  builder;  studied  law,  but 
abandoned  the  profession,  and  turned  his 
at  ention  to  mercantile  pursuits.  He  has 
devoted  much  of  his  attention  to  the  Pub 
lic-School  System  of  Philadelphia,  and  has 
held  the  positions  of  Commissioner  and 
President  of  the  Board  of  School  Commis 
sioners.  In  1856  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-lifth  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Commerce. 

Lane,  Amos. — He  was  born  in  New 
York,  but  emigrated  to  the  Ohio  River  in 
1804;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Indiana,  from  1833  to  1839,  having" 
previously  been  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature,  and  served  one  session  as 
Speaker.  He  was  a  lawyer  of  the  first 
ability,  and  filled  a  conspicuous  place  in 
the  history  of  Indiana.  He  died  in  Law- 
renceberg,  in  that  State,  in  1850.  He  was 
the  father  of  J.  H.  Lane. 

Lane,  Henry  S. — He  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  Kentucky,  February 
24,  1811 ;  received  a  good  common-school 
education,  and,  under  a  tutor,  some  knowl 
edge  of  the  classics ;  studied  law  in  Ken 
tucky,  but  removed  to  Indiana,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  that  State;  in  1837 
he  was  elected  to  the  Indiana  Legislature ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Indiana,  from  1841  to  1843 ;  served  as  a 
Lieutenant-Colonel  of  Volunteers  under 
General  Taylor,  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  in 
1846;  in  1859  be  was  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  contest  the  seat  of  J.  D. 
Bright,  but  was  denied  the  seat;  in  1861 
he  was  elected  Governor  of  Indiana;  but 
two  days  after  his  inauguration  he  was 
again  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Indiana,  for  the  term  ending  in  1867,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Military  Affairs, 
Pensions,  Patents  and  the  Patent  Office, 
Expenses  in  the  Senate,  and  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Enrolled  Bills.  He 
was  one  of  the  Senators  designated  by  the 
Senate  to  attend  the  funeral  of  General 
Scott  in  1866.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  " 
of  1866.  His  father  was  Colonel  James  H. 
Lane. 

Lane,  James  Henry.— He  was  born 
in  Lawrenceburg,  Indiana,  June  22,  1814 ; 
on  reaching  his  majority  he  was  elected  to 
the  City  Council  of  Lawrenceburg,  and 
frequently  re-elected;  in  a  subordinate 
capacity  he  took  part  in  the  war  with  Mex 
ico;  in  1849  he  was  Lieutenaut-Goveruor 
of  Indiana ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Indiana,  from  1853  to  18*55; 
settled  in  Kansas  and  took  an  active  part 
in  politics ;  he  was  President  of  the  To- 
peka  "  Constitutional  Convention,"  and 
was  elected  by  the  people  Major-General 
of  the  Free  State  troops ;  in  1857  he  was 
President  of  the  Leavenworth  "  Constitu 
tional  Convention,"  and  again  chosen  Ma- 


228 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


jor-Oeneral  of  the  territorial  troops ;  on 
the  admission  of  Kansas  into  the  Union  he 
•was  chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Indian  Affairs, 
and  Agriculture ;  and  he  was  re-elected  for 
the  term  ending  in  1871,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Agriculture,  and 
a  member  of  that  on  Territories.  During 
the  early  part  of  the  Rebellion  he  was 
commissioned,  by  President  Lincoln,  a 
Brigadier-General  of  Volunteers ;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  "Baltimore  Convention" 
of  1864.  On  the  1st  of  July,  I860,  while  at 
Port  Leavenworth,  on  leave  of  absence 
from  the  Senate  on  account  of  deranged 
health,  he  shot  himself  with  a  pistol,  and 
thus  came  to  his  death,  lie  was  a  son  of 
Amos  Lane. 

Lane,  JosepJi. — Born  in  Buncombe 
County,  North  Carolina,  December  14, 
1801.  In  his  fifteenth  year  he  became  a 
clerk  in  a  mercantile  house  in  Indiana,  and 
in  1822  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Leg 
islature  of  that  State,  serving  in  that  ca- 
pacit}7,  with  occasional  intervals,  until 
1S4G.  He  participated  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  acquitting  himself  witli  credit  at 
Buena  Vista  and  on  other  fields,  and  was 
appointed,  by  President  Polk,  a  Brigadier- 
General.  In  1849  he  was  appointed  Gov 
ernor  of  the  Territory  of  Oregon,  without 
his  solicitation,  and  organized  the  govern 
ment  ;  and  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  in  1851,  where  he  was  retained  by 
his  constituents  until  the  admission  of 
Oregon  as  a  State,  when  he  took  his  seat 
as  a  Senator  in  Congress  in  1859,  serving 
as  such  until  18G1.  In  18GO  he  was  nomi 
nated  for  Vice-President  on  the  ticket 
with  Mr.  Breckiuridge,  but  was  defeated. 

Langdon,  Chauncei/. — He  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1787 ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1815  to  1817,  and  died  in  1830.  He 
also  served  seven  years  in  the  Legislature 
of  the  State,  and  was  a  State  Councillor 
for  nine  years. 

Langdon,  John.— He  was  educated 
for  mercantile  pursuits,  and  afterwards 
prosecuted  business  on  the  sea,  until  the 
commencement  of  the  controversy  with 
Great  Britain.  He  was  one  of  the  party 
which  removed  the  powder  and  military 
stores  from  Fort  William  and  Mary,  at 
New  Castle,  New  Hampshire,  in  1774.  In 
1775  and  1776  he  was  chosen  a  Delegate  to 
Congress  from  New  Hampshire.  Com 
manding  a  company  of  volunteers,  he 
served,  for  awhile,  in  Vermont  and  Rhode 
Island.  In  his  own  State,  he  was,  in  1776 
and  1777,  Speaker  of  the  House,  and  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas.  In  1779 
lie  was  Continental  Agent  in  New  Hamp 
shire,  and  contracted  for  the  building  of 
several  ships  of  war.  In  1783  he  was 
again  appointed  a  Delegate  to  Congress ; 
\vas  afterwards  repeatedly  a  member  of 


the  Legislature,  and  Speaker;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  that  framed 
the  Constitution,  signing  his  name  to  that 
instrument.  In  March,  1788,  he  was  chosen 
Governor  of  the  State,  and  from  1789  to 
1801  he  was  Senator  of  the  United  States, 
and  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tern,  dur 
ing  the  First  Congress,  and  part  of  the 
Second.  He  was  one  of  those  who  voted 
for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on 
the  Potomac.  From  180?  to  1808,  and 
again  in  1810  and  1811,  he  was  Governor 
of  the  State.  He  died  in  Portsmouth,  Sep 
tember,  IS,  1819,  aged  seventy-eight. 

Langdon,  Woodbury.— He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  New  Hampshire,  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  in  1779  and  1780; 
was  a  Councillor  from  1781  to  1784;  a 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Hamp 
shire  in  1782,  and  from  1786  to  1790;  and 
died  January  13,  1805,  aged  sixty-five 
years. 

Langivorthy,  Edward.— He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  from  1777  to  1779,  and  was 
one  of  the  signers  of  the  Articles  of  Con 
federation. 

Lanman,  James. — Born  in  Norwich, 
Connecticut,  June  14,  1769 ;  graduated  at 
Yale  College,  in  1788;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1791,  and  set 
tled  as  a  lawyer  in  his  native  town ;  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Convention  which 
formed  the  first  Constitution  of  Connecti 
cut  in  1818 ;  served  two  years  in  the  Lower 
House  of  the  Legislature  in  1817  and  1832, 
and  one  year  as  a  State  Senator  in  1819 ; 
and  was  for  five  years  Attorney  for  the 
State,  for  New  London  County,  from  1814 
to  1819,  acquiring  great  local  distinction 
by  his  abilities.  lie  was  elected  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  serving  from  1819  to  1825, 
during  one  Congress  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committees  on  Post  Offices  and  Post 
Roads,  and  Contingent  Expenses  of  the 
Senate,  and  voted  with  the  South  on  the 
Missouri  Compromise;  during  the  Sev 
enteenth  Congress,  he  was  at  one  time 
member  of  four  committees,  viz.,  that  of 
Commerce  and  Manufactures,  the  Militia, 
District  of  Columbia,  and  the  Contingent 
Expenses  of  the  Senate.  He  was  appoint 
ed,  by  the  Governor,  to  a  second  term  in 
the  Senate,  during  the  recess  of  the  Leg 
islature  and  before  the  vacancy  occurred, 
and,  by  a  small  majority,  the  Senate  de 
cided  that  the  appointment  was  without 
authority  of  law.  He  was  subsequently 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  and  Superior  Courts 
of  Connecticut;  for  three  years,  from  1826 
to  1829,  and  from  1831  to  1834  he  was 
Mayor  of  Norwich,  where  he  died  August 
7,  1841. 

Lansing,  Gerit  Y.— He  was  born 
in  Albany,  New  York,  in  1783 ;  served  four 
years  in  the  Legislature  of  that  State, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


229 


and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1831  to  1837.  He 
was  for  many  years  Chancellor  of  the 
Board  of  Regents  of  the  University  of 
New  York;  and  died  at  Albany,  January 
3,  1862. 

Lansing,  John. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1784  to  1788 ;  and  also  a 
member  of  the  Convention,  that  formed 
the  Federal  Constitution,  which  he  op 
posed,  and  consequently  left  the  Conven 
tion,  defining  his  position  in  a  published 
letter. 

Lansing,  William  E.— Was  born 
in  the  town  of  Sullivan,  Madison  County, 
New  York,  in  1822 ;  studied  law  at  Utica, 
and  commenced  the  practice  in  1845 ;  in 
1850  he  was  elected  District  Attorney  of 
Madison  County ;  in  1857,  Clerk  of  the 
same  county ;  and  in  I860  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on.  Indian  Af 
fairs. 

Laporte,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1837. 

Lamed,  Simon.— He  was  a  native 
of  Massachusetts;  served  as  Colonel  of 
Militia;  was  for  a  time  Sheriff  of  Berk 
shire  County;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  for  the 
uuexpired  term  of  T.  J.  Skinner;  and 
died  in  Pittsfield,  November  16, 1817,  aged 
sixty-one  years. 

Larrabee,  Charles  H.— Born  in 
Rome,  Oneida  County,  New  York,  Novem 
ber  9,  1820 ;  when  quite  young  accompa 
nied  his  father  to  Ohio,  and  was  educated 
at  Grauville  College ;  after  devoting  some 
attention  to  practical  engineering,  he 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1841,  at  Pontotoc,  Mississippi ;  in  1844  he 
settled  in  Chicago,  Illinois,  and  edited  for 
a  time  the  "Democratic  Advocate ;"  served 
one  term  as  City  Advocate  for  Chicago ; 
in  1847  he  settled  in  Wisconsin,  and  be 
came  a  member  of  the  Convention  to  form 
a  State  Constitution;  in  1848  he  was  elect 
ed  a  Circuit  Judge,  and,  after  serving  ten 
years,  resigned,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Wisconsin,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Expenses  in  the  War 
Department.  He  subsequently  entered  the 
army  in  the  volunteer  service,  and  had 
command,  as  Colonel,  of  a  regiment  from 
his  State. 

La  Sere,  Einile.  —  He  was  born  in 
Louisiana,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  that  State,  from  1846  to 


1847,  and  also  for  the  two  following  terms, 
ending  in  1851. 

Latham,  George  12. — Born  in  Princo 

William  County,  Virginia,  March  9,  1832 ; 
educated  at  country  schools  and  at  home ; 
studied  law,  while  teaching  school,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859 ;  edited  a 
campaign  paper  at  Grafton,  West  Virginia, 
in  1860;  entered  the  army  in  1861  as  Cap 
tain,  and  was  made  Colonel  of  the  Second 
Virginia  Infantry ;  and  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  "from  West  Virginia,  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  onthu 
Committees  on  Printing,  and  Public  Build 
ings  and  Grounds.  In  February,  1867,  ho 
was  appointed  by  President  Johnson  Cou- 
sul  to  Melbourne,  Australia. 

Latham,  Milton  S.— Was  born  in 
Columbus,  Ohio,  May  23, 1827;  graduated 
at  Jefferson  College,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1845 ;  soon  afterwards  removed  to  Alaba 
ma,  where  he  studied  law;  was  appointed 
in  1848,  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  for 
Russell  County ;  removed  to  California  iu 
1850,  and  was  there  appointed  Clerk  of  tho 
Recorder's  Court  in  San  Francisco ;  he  was 
soon  afterwards  chosen  District  Attorney 
for  the  Counties  of  Sacramento  and  El 
Dorado,  which  he  held  in  1851.  In  1852 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Cal 
ifornia,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
declining  a  re-election ;  he  was  appointed, 
in  1855,  by  President  Pierce,  Collector  of 
San  Francisco,  which  office  he  held  until 
1857 ;  having  been  elected  Governor  of 
California,  three  days  after  his  inaugura 
tion,  in  January,  1860,  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  California,  for 
six  years,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Military  Affairs,  and  on  Post-Offices  and 
Post  Roads. 

Lathrop,  Samuel.—  Born  in  Hamp- 
den  County,  Massachusetts,  in  1771 ;  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1792 ;  studied  law 
and  attained  a  high  position  at  the  bar ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1818  to  1826.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  Massachu 
setts  Senate  for  ten  years,  and  President 
of  that  body  in  1829  and  1830.  He  died  in 
West  Springfield,  July  11,  1846. 

Latimer,  Henry.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Delaware, 
from  1794  to  1795,  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1795  to  1801,  when  he  resigned. 

Lattimore,  William.— Rorn  in  Nor 
folk,  Virginia,  February  9,  1774,  where  ho 
received  a  limited  education  ;  he  studied 
medicine;  removed  to  the  Territory  of 
Mississippi;  and  was  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  from  that  Territory,  from  1803  to 
1807,  and  from  1813  to  1817.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Convention  which 
formed  the  first  Constitution  of  Missis- 


230 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


sippi;   after  which  he  retired  to  private 
life,  and  died  April  3,  1813. 

Laurens,  Henry.— lie  wa?  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  an  early  opponent 
of  Great  Britain;  was  a  member  of  the 
Carolina  Congress  of  1775,  and  elected  its 
President;  was  Vice-President  under  the 
temporary  Constitution ;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  1777  to 
1780,  and  chosen  President  of  that  body 
during  the  former  year,  and  signed  the  Ar 
ticles  of  Confederation;  in  1780  he  was  sent 
abroad  to  negotiate  a  loan  with  Holland, 
but,  having  been  captured  by  a  British 
vessel  off  Newfoundland,  he  was  sent  to 
England  and  imprisoned  in  the  Tower, 
ibr  more  than  a  year,  for  high  treason. 
The  papers  taken  from  his  person  caused 
a  war  between  England  and  Holland.  He 
petitioned  Parliament  for  release,  and 
when  set  at  liberty  went  to  Paris,  where 
he  signed  the  preliminaries  of  peace  in 
1782,  as  a  Commissioner  appointed  by 
Congress ;  returned  to  America  in  1783, 
and  died  in  Charleston  in  1792,  in  the  six 
ty-ninth  year  of  his  age. 

Law,  John. — Was  born  in  New  Lon 
don,  Connecticut,  in  1796;  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1814;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Connecticut,  in  1817,  and  soon 
afterwards  emigrated  to  the  new  State  of 
Indiana,  locating  himself  at  Vincennes. 
Soon  after  arriving  in  the  West  he  was 
elected  a  Prosecuting  Attorney,  and  in 
1823  a  member  of  the  Legislature ;  he  was 
again  elected  Attorney  for  his  district, 
and  held  that  position  until  promoted  to 
a  Judgeship,  which  office  he  held  by  re- 
elections  for  eight  years.  In  1838  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Van  Buren  Re 
ceiver  of  Public  Moneys  at  Vincennes, 
holding  the  office  four  years.  In  1855  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  Judge 
of  the  "  Court  of  Land  Claims,"  to  adju 
dicate  the  claims  of  the  old  inhabitants  of 
Indiana  and  Illinois,  and  was  reappointed 
in  1856.  He  subsequently  removed  to 
Evansville,  where  he  resumed  the  practice 
of  his  profession.  In  1860  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Indiana,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Library,  and  on  Revo 
lutionary  Pensions.  Like'Mr.  Charles  F. 
Adams,  Mr.  John  Law  can  mention  the 
fact,  with  excusable  pride,  that  his  father, 
Lyman  Law,  as  well  as  his  grandfather, 
Richard  Law,  both  served  their  country 
as  members  of  Congress,  and  witnessed 
the  same  events  in  our  country's  history. 
Amasa  Learned,  who  was  also  his  grand 
father  on  his  mother's  side,  was  in  the  first 
Congress  that  sat  under  the  Constitution. 
He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Agriculture  and  Revolutionary  Pensions, 
and  the  Select  Committee  on  Emigration. 
As  Chairman  on  the  Committee  on  Pen 


sions,  he  drew  np  and  reported  the  bill 
giving  to  the  soldiers  of  the  Revolution, 
twelve  only  surviving,  one  hundred  dol 
lars  per  annum,  which  bill  passed  unani 
mously.  He  is  partial  to  historical  studies, 
and  was  President  of  the  State  Historical 
Society  of  Indiana,  until  his  entrance  into 
Congress. 

Latv,  Li/inan. — Born  at  New  Lon 
don,  Connecticut,  August  19,  1770;  grad 
ated  at  Yale  College,  in  1791 ;  studied  law 
with  his  father  Richard  Law  (who  was  a 
member  of  the  Continental  Congress),  and 
practised  at  New  London.  After  serving 
in  the  Legislature  of  the  State,  and  being 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives, 
he  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  repre 
sented  that  State  in  that  body  from  1811 
to  1817.  He  died  in  New  London,  Febru- 
ry  3,  1842. 

Law,  RicJiard.—T&orn  at  Milford, 
Connecticut,  March  17, 1733;  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1751 ;  studied  law,  and 
practised  in  New  London,  attaining  the 
highest  eminence  in  his  profession.  He 
was  President  Judge  of  the  County  Court, 
and  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court.  Was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1777  to  1778,  and  also  from  1781  to  1784. 
After  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Consti 
tution  he  was  appointed  United  States 
District  Judge,  which  office  he  held  till 
his  death,which  occurred  January  26,  180G. 

Lawler,  Joab. — Born  in  North  Caro 
lina,  June  12,  1796;  was  educated  for  the 
ministry,  and  became  a  clergyman  of  the 
Baptist  Church.  In  1826  he  was  elected 
to  the  lower  house  of  the  Alabama  Legis 
lature,  and  was  re-elected  until  1831,  in 
which  year  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate.  In  1832  he  was  appointed  Re 
ceiver  of  Public  Moneys  for  the  Coosa 
Land  District,  and  held  the  office  until 
1835.  In  1833  he  was  elected  Treasurer 
of  the  University  of  Alabama.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ala 
bama,  from  1835  to  1838.  He  died  in 
Washington,  May  8,  1838,  during  the  first 
session  of  his  second  term. 

Lawrence,  Abbott.— Born  in  Groton, 
Massachusetts,  December  16,  1792.  His 
education  was  obtained  at  a  district  school 
and  at  Groton  Academy ;  and  in  1808  he 
went  to  Boston  and  became  a  clerk  in  the 
store  of  his  brother  Amos.  In  1814  he 
was  admitted  as  a  partner  in  the  concern, 
and  for  many  years  the  twain  prosecuted 
a  very  extensive  importing  buisness,  and 
laid  the  foundation  of  their  several  for 
tunes.  He  was  the  travelling  partner  and 
visited  Europe  a  number  of  times.  He 
subsequently  became  one  of  the  foremost 
men  in  building  up  American  manufac 
tures,  and  the  flourishing  city  of  Lawrence 
was  the  offspring  of  his  enterprise.  In 
1827  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  llarrisburs 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


231 


Convention."  He  served  in  the  Common 
Council  of  Boston  in  1831;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1885  to  1837, 
and  again  in  1839  and  1840.  In  1842  he 
was  appointed  a  Commissioner  to  arrange 
the  Northeastern  Boundary  Question ; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1844;  in 
1849  he  was  invited  by  President  Taylor 
into  his  cabinet,  but  declined ;  he  subse 
quently  accepted,  however,  the  appoint 
ment  of  Minister  to  England,  where  he 
acquitted  himself  with  credit.  He  founded 
a  scientific  school  in  Cambridge,  and  his 
gifts  and  bequests  to  various  charitable 
and  religious  societies  proved  him  to  be  a 
man  of  many  noble  qualities.  Died  in 
Boston,  August  18,  1855. 

Lawrence,  Cornelius  Van  Wycle. 

— He  was  born  in  Flushing,  Long  Island, 
February  28,  1791 ;  spent  his  boyhood 
working  on  his  father's  farm,  and  acquir 
ing  a  good  English  education;  and,  on 
arriving  at  the  age  of  manhood,  removed  to 
New  York  City,  with  which,  as  a  business 
man,  he  has  been  identified  ever  since. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York  City,  from  1832  to  1834 ; 
for  two  years  following  he  was  Mayor  of 
the  City  of  New  York;  in  1836  President 
of  the  Electoral  College  for  President; 
and  for  twenty  years  he  held  the  honor 
able  position  of  President  of  the  Bank  of 
the  State  of  New  York.  Among  other 
positions  of  trust  and  responsibility  which, 
with  the  above,  have  tended  to  give  him  a 
high  reputation,  may  be  mentioned  the  fol 
lowing  :  Director  of  the  Branch  Bank  of 
the  United  States  and  the  Bank  of  Amer 
ica,  Trustee  of  the  New  York  Life  and 
Trust  Company,  and  of  numerous  Fire  and 
Marine  Insurance  Companies.  In  1856  ill 
health  compelled  Mr.  Lawrence  to  retire 
from  the  pursuits  of  active  life,  and  he 
spent  the  closing  years  of  his  life  in  peace, 
on  the  spot  where  his  ancestors  have  re 
sided  for  two  hundred  years.  Died  at 
Flushing,  February  20,  1861. 

Lawrence,  George  V.—  He  was  born 
in  Washington  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1818,  —  his  father,  Joseph  Lawrence, 
having  been  in  Congress  before  him.  He 
received  a  liberal  education,  and  devoted 
himself  to  agricultural  pursuits;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1844, 
1847,  1858,  and  1859,  and  to  the  State  Sen 
ate  in  1848, 1849,  1850,  1851,  and  1860,  offi 
ciating  as  Speaker  during  the  last  terra; 
frequently  served  in  the  Conventions  of 
the  State ;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Agriculture,  and  Invalid 
Pensions.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  " 
of  1866;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  Post  Office. 


Lawrence,  John. —  He  was  born  in 
the  County  of  Cornwall,  England,  in  1750, 
and  emigrated  to  the  City  of  New  York  in 
1767.  He  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1772,  and  in  1775  was  commis 
sioned  in  the  First  New  York  Regiment, 
and  served  to  the  end  of  the  Revolutionary 
war,  his  several  grades  having  been  Aide- 
de-camp  to  his  relative,  Colonel  McDou- 
gal,  Judge  Advocate,  and  General,  in 
which  latter  capacity  he  conducted  the 
court-martial  called  to  try  Major  Andre. 
In  1783  he  resumed  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  New  York.  In  1785  and 
1786  he  was  a  member  of  the  First  Con 
gress.  In  1789  he  was  elected  a  State 
Senator,  and  during  that  year  was  elected, 
by  a  five-sixths  vote,  a  Representative  in 
the  Federal  Congress,  serving  from  1789 
to  1793;  was  appointed  by  AVashington, 
in  1794,  Judge  of  the  United  States"  Dis 
trict  Court  for  New  York;  and  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress  from  1796  to  1800,  serv 
ing  for  a  short  time  as  President  pro  tern. 
of  that  body,  when  he  resigned,  and  retired 
to  private  life.  He  died  in  1810. 

Lawrence,  John  W. — He  was  born 
in  New  York ;  served  two  years  in  the  As 
sembly  of  that  State,  from  Queen's  County, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1845  to  1847. 

Lawrence,  Joseph.— He  was  born 
in  Adams  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1788; 
he  served  for  nine  years  in  the  State  Legis 
lature,  two  sessions  as  Speaker;  one  year 
as  State  Treasurer;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1825  to  1S29,  and  again  from  1841  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  April 
17,  1842. 

Lawrence,  Samuel. — He  was  born 
in  New  York;  served  seven  years  in  the 
Assembly  of  that  State;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  the  same,  from 
1823  to  1825. 

Lawrence,  Sidney.— Re  was  born 
in  Vermont,  but  removed  to  New  York, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1849. 

Lawrence,  William.  —  Born  in 
Washington,  Guernsey  County,  Ohio,  Sep 
tember  2,  1814;  graduated  at  Jefferson 
College,  Pennsylvania,  in  September,  1835 ; 
engaged  in  mercantile  and  agricultural 
pursuits;  and  served  in  the  Ohio  Legis 
lature  in  1843.  He  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1848 ;  a  member  of  the  Consti 
tutional  Convention  of  Ohio  in  1850-'51; 
State  Senator  in  1856-'57;  and  elected  a 
Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  officiating  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenditures  in  the  State  De 
partment. 


232 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Lawrence,  William.  —  Born  in 
Mount  Pleasant,  Jefferson  County,  Ohio, 
June  26,  1819 ;  graduated  at  Franklin  Col 
lege,  Ohio,  in  1838 ;  taught  school  for  a 
time,  and  in  1840  graduated  with  the  de 
gree  of  L.B.  in  the  Law  Department  of 
Cincinnati  College,  coming  to  the  bar  in 
that  year;  for  one  year  he  was  a  reporter 
and  correspondent  at  Columbus  for  the 
"  State  Journal  "  and  other  papers ;  in  1842 
he  was  appointed  Commissioner  of  Bank 
rupts  for  Logan  County;  in  1845  he  was 
made  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  the  same 
County,  resigning  in  one  year;  from  1845 
to  1847  he  was  the  editor  and  proprietor  of 
the  "Logan  Gazette;"  in  1840  and  1847 
he  served  in  the  State  Legislature;  in  1848 
Avas  a  member  of  the  Senate ;  in  1851  he 
was  elected  Reporter  for  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  State;  and  in  1853  was  again 
returned  to  the  Senate,  and  was  the  author 
of  the  Ohio  Free  Banking  Law.  In  185G 
he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  for  five  years ;  re-elected 
in  1861,  but  resigned  in  1804,  when  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  the  Judiciary.  During 
a  part  of  his  legal  career  he  was  editor  of 
the  "  Western  Law  Monthly ;  "  in  1802  he 
had  command,  as  Colonel,  of  the  Eighty- 
fourth  Ohio  Volunteers  for  three  mouths; 
and  in  18G3  President  Lincoln  appointed 
him  a  Judge  in  Florida,  which  he  declined. 
He  Avas  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  186G ;  and  Avas 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Lawrence,    William  T.— Born  in 

New  York  City,  May  7,  1788 ;  he  was  bred 
a  merchant,  and  continued  such  until 
called  into  the  service  of  the  United 
States,  in  the  Avar  of  1812.  as  a  Militia 
Captain  of  Artillery.  In  1823  he  removed 
to  Cayuga  County,  New  York,  and  settled 
on  a  farm.  In  1838,  he  Avas  chosen  Coun 
ty  Judge,  and  from  1847  to  1849  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress ;  he  also  served 
as  Delegate  to  several  nominating  Con 
ventions. 

Laivyer,  TJiomas. — He  Avas  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  from 
Schoharie  County,  in  1816,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  NCAV  York, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

Lay,  George  W.—lle  was  born  in 
New  York;  liberally  educated;  a  lawyer 
by  profession ;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Assembly,  from  Gcnesee  Coun 
ty,  in  1840,  having  been  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1833  to  1837.  He  Avas 
also  appointed  Charge  d'Affaires  to  Swe 
den,  by  President  Tyler,  in  1842.  Died  at 
Batavia,  New  York,  October  21,  I860. 

Lazear,  Jesse. — Was  born  in  Greene 
County,  Pennsylvania,  December  12, 1804 ; 
received  his  early  education  from  his  par 


,  and  Avorked  on  a  farm  until  he  be 
came  of  age ;  served  as  a  Clerk  in  the  Re 
corder's  office;  in  1829  and  1832  he  Avas 
appointed  Register  and  Recorder  for  his 
County;  and  since  that  time  (until  1804) 
he  has  held  the  position  of  Cashier  of  the 
Farmers'  and  Drovers'  Bank  of  Waynes- 
burg.  In  I860  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Private  Land  Claims,  and  Chairman 
of  that  on  Expenditures  on  the  Public 
Buildings ;  and  in  1802  he  Avas  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Public  Expenditures, 
and  again  on  that  relating  to  Public  Build 
ings.  He  Avas  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Phil 
adelphia  "  National  Union  Convention  " 
of  1866. 

Lea,  Lu7ce.—IIe  was  born  in  Surry 
County,  North  Carolina,  January  20,  1782; 
removed  at  an  early  djiy  with  his  father  to 
Tennessee,  Avhere  he  Avas  for  several  years 
Clerk  of  the  House  of  Representatives;  he 
served  gallantly  in  Florida  and  in  the 
Creek  country,  under  General  Jackson,  in 
the  Indian  Avars.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from 
1833  to  1837,  and  for  thirty  years  dis 
charged  the  duties  of  Cashier  of  the  State 
Bank,  and  Register  of  the  State  Land  Office 
of  Tennessee.  In  1849  he  Avas  appointed,  by 
President  Taylor,  Indian  Agent  of  the  Fort 
Leaven  worth  Agency,  and  was  highly  es 
teemed  by  the  Indians  under  his  charge. 
He  Avas  returning  to  his  residence,  after 
making  the  Indian  payments  of  his  agen 
cy,  when  he  was  killed  by  a  fall  from  his 
horse,  June  17,  1851. 

Lea,  Pryor.— Born  in  Knox  County, 
Tennessee,  in  1794 ;  Avas  educated  at 
Greenville  College ;  studied  law  as  a  pro 
fession,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1817.  He  served  with  General  Jackson  in 
the  Creek  Avar  in  1813;  was  Clerk  to  the 
Legislature  in  1816;  United  States  Dis 
trict  Attorney  in  1824 ;  and  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from 
1827  to  1831.  In  1837  he  removed  to  Jack 
son,  Mississippi,  and  in  1847  to  Goliad, 
Texas.  He  projected  the  work  calk-d  the 
"  Central  Transit,"  for  building  a  railroad 
from  Arkansas  Bay  to  Mazatlan,  and  Avas 
President  of  the  Company. 

LeacJi,  De  Witt  C.— Born  in  Clar 
ence,  Erie  County,  New  York,  November 
23,  1822.  He  Avas  self-educated;  bred  a 
farmer;  chosen  a  member  of  the  Michigan 
L9gislature  in  1849  and  1850 ;  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  to  revise  the  State 
Constitution  in  1850;  he  Avas  also  State 
Librarian  in  1855  and  1850;  and  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- iifth 
Congress,  from  Michigan,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Revival  and 
Unfinished  Business;  also  elected  to  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


233 


Thirty-sixth    Congress,   serving   on   the 
Committee  on  Indian  Afl'airs. 

Leach,  James  M.—  Born  in  Lands- 
clowne,  Randolph  County,  North  Carolina ; 
received  a  good  classical  education;  stud 
ied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1842 ;  served  ten  years  in  the  Legislature 
of  North  Carolina;  and  in  1859  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  that  State, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Revolu 
tionary  Claims. 

Leadbetter,  J>.  JP. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and,  having  removed  to 
Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1837  to  1841. 

Leafte,  Shelton  F.—  Born  in  Albe- 
marle  County,  Virginia,  November  30, 
1812;  received  a  good  English  educa 
tion  ;  taught  for  three  years  an  "  old  field 
school ;  "  studied  law,  and  in  his  twenty- 
fifth  year  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  in 
1842  he  was  elected  to  the  Virginia  House 
of  Delegates ;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1845  to 
1847 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1840 ; 
in  1851  he  was  elected  Lieutenant-Gover 
nor  of  Virginia;  was  a  candidate  for  Gov 
ernor  in  1854,  but  was  defeated ;  and  in 
1S59  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Federal 
House  of  Representatives  for  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
tiie  Committee  on  Manufactures.  Took 
part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Leake,  Walter.— Re  was  a  soldier 
in  the  Revolutionary  war;  in  1821  was 
elected  Governor  of  Mississippi,  having 
previously  served  as  Senator  of  the 
United  States  from  1817  to  1820.  He 
died  at  Mount  Salus,  Hinds  County,  Mis 
sissippi,  November  17,  1825. 

Learned,  Amasa.—Vorn  in  Kil- 
lingly,  Connecticut,  November  15,  1750, 
and  died  at  New  London,  May  4,  1825. 
He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1772; 
studied  divinity,  but  preached  for  only  a 
short  time,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1801  to 
1805.  He  had  been  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  ratified  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  States ;  in  1818  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Connecticut  "  Constitutional 
Convention;"  and  afterwards  frequently 
sat  in  the  Assembly  of  his  native  State. 

Leary,  Cornelius  L.  L. — Born  in 
Baltimore,  October  22,  1813;  was  edu 
cated  at  St.  Mary's  College,  in  that  city; 
in  1835  he  engaged  in  business  in  Louis 
ville,  Kentucky,  but  returned  to  Baltimore 
in  1837 ;  in  1838  he  was  chosen  a  Delegate 
to  the  Maryland  Assembly;  in  1847  he 
came  to  the  bar;  was  a  Presidential  Elec 
tor  in  1856;  and  in  1861,  at  a  special  elec 
tion,  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 


from  Maryland,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Commerce. 

Leavitt,   Humphrey  H.— He  was 

born  in  Suffleld,  Connecticut,  in  June, 
1796;  removed  at  an  early  day  with  his 
father  to  the  Western  Reserve  of  Ohio; 
received  an  academical  education ;  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  the  law,  having 
been  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816 ;  and  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1831  to  1834.  He  also  served  in  the  State 
Legislature, — in  the  House  in  1825  and 
1826,  and  in  the  Senate  in  1827;  and  he 
has  for  many  years  been  Judge  of  the  Dis 
trict  Court  of  Ohio,  having  been  appointed^ 
in  1834,  by  President  Jackson. 

Le  Blond,  Francis  C.— Was  born 
in  Ohio,  and  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  in  1851  he  was  elected  for  two  years 
to  the  State  Legislature ;  was  re-elected 
in  1853,  and  served  as  Speaker  of  that 
body;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Public  Expenditures.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Naval  Affairs,  and  Ex 
penditures  on  the  Public  Buildings. 

Lecoinpte,  Joseph. — He  was  born  in 
Woodford  County,  Kentucky ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1825  to  1833. 

Lee,  Arthur. — He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia  in  1740;  educated  at  the  University 
of  Edinburgh,  where  he  pursued  the  study 
of  medicine ;  and  while  pursuing  the  study 
of  law  in  the  Temple,  in  London,  rendered 
important,  services  to  his  country  by  ob 
taining  information  bearing  upon  the  Rev 
olution.  In  1775  he  acted  as  an  agent  for 
his  native  State  and  presented  to  the  king 
the  second  petition  of  Congress;  from 
1776  to  1779  he  was  Minister  to  France, 
and  negotiated  an  important  treaty ;  also 
performed  the  duties  of  Commissioner  to 
Spain  in  1777;  resided  in  Prussia  for  a 
time  in  a  semi-official  capacity,  and  did 
much  there  to  help  the  American  cause; 
in  1781  he  was  elected  to  the  Assembly  of 
Virginia,  but  was  immediately  chosen  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
where  he  remained  until  1785;  before  the 
expiration  of  his  term  in  Congress,  he  was 
delegated  to  make  several  treaties  with 
the  Indians  on  the  Northern  frontier; 
soon  after  leaving  Congress,  he  was  ap 
pointed  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  Avhich 
office  he  held  until  1789;  and  he  died 
In  1792.  He  stood  high  as  a  man  of 
integrity  and  patriotism.  His  life  was 
published  in  1829  by  R.  H.  Lee,  and  his 
Public  Letters  were  published  in  Sparks's 
Diplomatic  Correspondence. 

Lee,  Francis  Lightfool.—Rom  in 


234 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Westmoreland  County,  Virginia,  October 
14,  1734,  and  was  the  brother  of  Richard 
Henry  Lee ;  he  was  well  educated  by  pri 
vate  tutors;  in  1765  and  1766  he  was 
elected  to  the  House  of  Burgesses,  and 
was  a  strong  advocate  of  equal  rights ; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1775  to  1780,  and  signed  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  and  also 
the  Articles  of  Confederation ;  served  iu 
the  State  Legislature ;  and,  after  retiring 
to  private  life,  died  in  April,  1797. 

Lee,  Gideon. — He  was  born  iu  Arn- 
herst,  Massachusetts,  in  1777;  in  early 
life  removed  to  the  City  of  New  York, 
where  he  became  a  leather  merchant,  and 
amassed  a  large  fortune.  He  was  at  one 
time  Mayor  of  New  York,  a  Presidential 
Elector,  and  a  member  of  Congress  dur 
ing  the  years  1836  and  1837.  He  died  at 
Geneva,  New  York,  August  21,  1841. 

Lee,  Henry.—  Born  iu  Virginia,  Jan 
uary  29,  1756,  and  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1773.  In  1776  he  was  appointed 
a  Captain  of  Cavalry,  under  Colonel  Bland, 
and  in  September,  1777,  he  joined  the  main 
army.  His  skill  in  discipline  and  gallant 
bearing  attracted  the  notice  of  Washing 
ton,  and  he  was  soon  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  Major,  with  the  command  of  a 
separate  corps  of  cavalry,  and  then  ad 
vanced  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant-Colonel. 
From  1780  to  the  end  of  the  war  he  served 
under  Greene.  The  services  of  Lee's 
Legion  in  various  actions  were  very 
important.  He  particularly  distinguished 
himself  in  the  battle  of  Guilford ;  after 
wards,  he  succeeded  in  capturing  Fort 
Cornwallis  and  other  forts ;  he  was  also 
conspicuous  at  Ninety-six,  and  at  the 
Eutaw  Springs.  In  1786  he  was  appointed 
a  Delegate  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  in 
which  body  he  remained  till  the  Constitu 
tion  was  adopted,  having,  in  the  Conven 
tion  of  Virginia,  advocated  its  adoption. 
In  179 1  he  was  chosen  Governor  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  remained  in  office  three  years. 
By  appointment  of  Washington,  he  com 
manded  the  forces  sent  to  suppress  the 
Whiskey  Insurrection  in  Pennsylvania. 
He  was  a  member  of  Congress  at  the  pe 
riod  of  Washington's  death,  in  1799,  and 
was  appointed,  by  Congress,  to  deliver  a 
eulogy  on  the  occasion.  In  1801  he  re 
tired  to  private  life,  and  in  his  last  years 
he  was  distressed  with  pecuniary  embar 
rassments  ;  while  confined  in  1809  within 
the  bounds  of  Spottsylvania  County,  for 
debt,  he  wrote  his  valuable  "Memoirs  of 
the  Southern  Campaigns."  In  1814,  dur 
ing  the  mob  at  Baltimore,  he  was  one  of 
the  defenders,  and  was  severely  wounded, 
and  carried  to  the  jail  for  safety,  lie- 
turning  from  the  West  Indies,  where  he 
had  gone  for  health,  he  died  at  Cumber 
land  Island,  near  St.  Mary's,  Georgia, 
March  25,  1818. 


Lee,  Henry  B.— He  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  but  died  before  tak 
ing  his  seat. 

Lee,  John. — He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from  1823  to 
1825. 

Lee,  Joshua. — He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and  served  three  years  in  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State,  from  Ontario  and 
Yates  Counties,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1835 
to  1837. 

Lee,  M.  Lindley. — Born  in  Mini- 
sink,  Orange  County,  New  York,  May  29, 
1805;  spent  his  boyhood  alternately  work 
ing  upon  a  farm  in  summer  and  attending 
the  district  school  in  winter;  when  six 
teen  years  of  age  commenced  an  academ 
ical  coui'se  of  study,  and  graduated  at 
Union  College  in  1827 ;  and,  having  studied 
medicine  and  surgery,  obtained  a  degree 
in  1830  from  the  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  of  Western  New  York.  While 
devoting  himself  to  his  profession,  he 
was  appointed  Postmaster  of  Fulton, 
Orange  County,  New  York,  serving  from 
1840  to  1844;  he  was  elected  in  1846  and 
1847  to  the  Assembly  of  New  York ;  sub 
sequently  held  the  position,  for  three 
terms,  of  Commissioner  of  Loans  for  the 
State ;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
iu  1855 ;  and  in  1858  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
from  New  York,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post 
Roads.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
New  York  "Constitutional  Convention" 
of  1867. 

Lee,  Richard  Bland. — He  was  a 

native  of  Virginia,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1789  to  1795;  he 
was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating 
the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac; 
and  died  in  1827. 

Lee,  Richard  Henry. — Was  born 
at  Stratford,  Westmoreland  County,  Vir 
ginia,  January  20,  1732,  and  was  educated 
at  Wakefleld,  Yorkshire,  England.  He 
liad  a  seat  in  the  House  of  Burgesses  of 
Virginia,  in  1757,  and  proposed  there,  in 
1773,  the  formation  of  a  Committee  of 
Correspondence.  He  had  the  honor  of 
originating  the  first  resistance  to  British 
oppression,  in  the  time  of  the  Stamp  Act, 
in  1765.  He  was  a  member  of  the  first 
Congress,  in  1774,  and  in  October  pre 
pared  the  draft  of  the  memorial  to  the 
people  of  British  America.  In  accord 
ance  with  instructions  from  the  "Virginia 
Convention,"  he  first  proposed  in  Con 
gress  a  Declaration  of  Independence, 
June  7,  1776,  and  a  Committee  was  ap 
pointed  to  prepare  it ;  and  he  was  a  signer 
of  the  adopted  Declaration  of  Indepen- 


BIOGXAPH1CAL    EECOEDS. 


235 


deuce,  and  of  the  Articles  of  Confeder 
ation.  The  second  eloquent  address  to 
the  people  of  Great  Britain  was  drawn  up 
by  him ;  and  after  the  adoption  of  the 
Articles  of  Confederation  he  withdrew 
from  Congress,  but  was  re-elected  in  1784, 
and  chosen  President  of  that  body,  serv 
ing  till  1787.  He  contended  for  the  neces 
sity  of  amendments  to  the  Constitution 
previously  to  its  adoption  in  1789;  and 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1789  to  1792,  serving  one  session  as 
President  pro  tern,  of  that  body.  He  was 
one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating  the 
Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  number  of  political 
pamphlets,  and  his  correspondence  was 
published  in  1825.  He  died  at  Chantilly, 
Westmoreland  County,  Virginia,  June  9, 
1794. 

Lee,  Silas. — He  graduated  at  Harvard 
University  in  1784 ;  served  in  the  Massa 
chusetts  Legislature  in  1793,  1797,  and 
1798 ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1799  to  1802; 
Judge  of  Probate  from  1805  to  1814;  for 
some  years  Chief  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas ;  and  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Adams,  United  States  District 
Attorney  for  Maine.  Died  in  1814. 

Lee,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1833  to  1837 ;  and  died  at  Port  Elizabeth, 
November  2,  1855. 

Lee,  Thomas  Sim. — He  was  born  in 
1744;  was  Governor  of  Mai'yland  from 
1779  to  1783;  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  in  1783  and  1784;  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  which  formed 
the  Federal  Constitution ;  was  again  Gov 
ernor  from  1792  to  1794;  and  died  in 
1810. 

Leet,  Isaac. — Born  in  Pennsylvania 
in  1802 ;  was  for  several  years  in  the  Sen 
ate  of  that  State ;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1829  to  1831 ;  and  died  at  Wash 
ington,  Pennsylvania,  June  10,  1844. 

Lefevre,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1811  to  1813. 

Lefferts,  John.—  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1813  to  1815 ;  a  member  of  the  "  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention"  of  1821;  and  a 
State  Senator  from  1822  to  1825. 

LeffLer,  Isaac. — Born  in  Washington 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  November,  1788 ; 
was  educated  at  Jefferson  College ;  studied 
law,  and  settled  in  Wheeling,  Virginia; 
in  1817  was  elected  to  the  Virginia  Legis 
lature,  where  he  served  eight  years ;  in 
1827  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Public  Works ;  and  he  was  a  Represent 


ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1827  to  1829.  In  1832  again  elected  to  the 
Virginia  Legislature;  in  1835  removed  to 
Burlington,  Iowa;  served  two  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  Wisconsin  Territory ;  one 
year  as  Speaker ;  one  year  in  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Iowa ;  in  1843  was  appointed  Mar 
shal  of  Iowa;  in  1849  Register  of  the  Land 
Office  at  Stillvvater,  but  declined ;  in  1852 
appointed  Receiver  of  the  same  office, 
whence  he  was  removed  for  opinion's 
sake. 

Leffler,  Shepherd.—  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Iowa,  from  1846  to 
1851. 

Leftivichf  Jaltez.—llQ  was  born  in 
Bedford  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1821  to  1825. 

Leftwich,  John  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Bedford  County,  Virginia,  September 
7,  1826;  graduated  at  the  Jefferson  Medi 
cal  College  in  Philadelphia  in  1850;  subse 
quently  settled  in  Memphis,  Tennessee,  as 
a  merchant  and  cotton  factor;  and  in  1865 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Tennessee,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
taking  his  seat  near  the  close  of  the  first 
session  of  that  Congress,  and  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Na 
tional  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Legare,  Hugh  Swinton.—IIn  was 

born  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  Janu 
ary  2, 1797  ;  graduated  at  the  College  of  that 
State  in  1814,  and,  after  having  studied 
law,  went  to  Europe,  where  he  remained 
until  1820,  occupied  with  the  pursuits 
of  literature.  On  his  return  to  Charles 
ton  he  devoted  himself  to  the  practice 
of  his  profession  and  to  agricultural  pur 
suits.  In  1830  he  was  appointed  Attorney- 
General  of  the  State,  and  was  the  princi 
pal  editor  of  the  "  Southern  Review."  In 
1832  he  was  appointed  Charge  d'Affaires 
of  the  United  States  to  Belgium ;  from 
1837  to  1839  was  a  Representative  of  his 
native  State  in  Congress ;  and  in  1841  was 
appointed  Attorney-General  of  the  United 
States  by  President  Tyler,  and  also  Acting 
Secretary  of  State.  He  died,  suddenly,  at 
Boston,  June  20,  1843,  while  accompany 
ing  the  President  in  his  journey  to  attend 
the  Bunker  Hill  Celebration.  His  flue 
taste  as  a  writer,  his  eminent  acquire 
ments  as  a  scholar,  and  his  learning  and  el 
oquence  as  a  lawyer,  were  known  and  ap 
preciated  throughout  the  Union.  His 
writings  were  collected  and  published  iu 
1846. 

LeJiman,    William    E.—  Born    in 

Philadelphia,  August  21,  1822;  graduated 
at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1843; 
studied  law,  and,  after  practising  with 


S36 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


success,  retired  from  the  bar  and  travelled 
in  Europe.  By  President  Polk  he  was  ap 
pointed  an  Examiner  of  Post  Offices  in 
New  York  and  Pennsylvania,  —  his  only 
office  by  appointment ;  and  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Accounts. 
His  family  was  one  of  note  in  Dresden, 
his  father  and  grandfather  having  acquired 
distinction  in  the  civil  and  military  ser 
vice. 

Lcib,  Michael. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1799  to  1806,  when  he  resigned,  and 
a  Senator  of  the  United  States  from  1808 
to  1814,  and  in  the  latter  year  he  was  ap 
pointed  Postmaster  at  Philadelphia.  He 
also  served  in  the  Legislature  of  Pennsyl 
vania  both  before  and  after  his  election  to 
Congress.  He  was  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1809.  Died  in  Philadelphia, 
December  28, 1822,  aged  sixty-three  years. 

Leib,  Owen  D.— Born  in  Schuylkill, 
Pennsylvania,  the  youngest  of  nine  broth 
ers  ;  received  a  common-school  and  clas 
sical  education;  studied  medicine,  and 
graduated  at  the  Jefferson  Medical  Insti 
tution  in  Philadelphia ;  practised  his  pro 
fession  in  Columbia  County ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1845  to  1847,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Expenditures  in 
the  War  Department.  Died  June  17, 
1848. 

Leidy,  Paw?.— Born  in  Hemlock,  Co 
lumbia  County,  Pennsylvania,  November 
21,  1813.  He  was  educated  at  a  common 
school ;  the  early  part  of  his  life  was  de 
voted  to  agricultural  pursuits ;  from  the 
age  of  sixteen  to  twenty-four  he  followed 
the  business  of  a  tailor;  taught  school, 
and,  having  studied  law  at  the  same  time, 
has  since  practised  that  profession.  He 
was  for  live  years  District  Attorney  for 
Montour  County;  for  a  short  time  Super 
intendent  of  Common  Schools  for  the  same 
county;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Roads  and  Canals. 

Leigh,  Benjamin  Watkins.—Born 

in  Virginia  in  1782,  and  died  at  Richmond, 
February  2,  1849.  He  was  one  of  the 
most  eminent  men  of  his  State,  well 
known  as  a  lawyer  and  public  man.  From 
1829  to  1841  he  was  a  Reporter  of  the 
State ;  frequently  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Delegates ;  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  of  1830  for  revising  the  State  Consti 
tution;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress  from 
1834  to  1837. 

Leiper,  George  G. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1829  to  1831. 


Letter,  Benjamin  F.  —He  was  born 
in  Leitersburg,  Washington  County, 
Maryland,  October  13,  1818.  He  was 
chiefly  educated  by  his  father;  taught 
school  in  Maryland  from  1830  to  1834 ;  re 
moved  to  Ohio  and  taught  thero  until 
1842,  after  which  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  devoted  himself  to  the  practice  of 
law,  in  which  he  was  successful ;  lie  was 
elected  to  the  Ohio  Legislature  in  1848, 
and  was  chosen  temporary  Chairman  by 
the  Democrats,  acting  as  such  throughout 
the  long  contest  of  that  year  between  his 
party  and  the  Whigs,  which  is  now 
spoken  of  in  Ohio  as  the  "days  of  the 
revolution;"  in  1849  he  was  re-elected 
and  chosen  Speaker;  and  in  1854  he  was 
elected  to  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
each  successive  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Indian 
Affairs. 

Lent,  James. — He  was  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1829  to 
1833,  and  died  in  Washington,  February 
24,  1833.  He  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenditures  in  the  Depart 
ment  of  State. 

Leonard,  George. — Bora  in  Boston, 
July  4,  1729;  graduated  at  Harvard  Col 
lege  in  1748 ;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1789  to  1793, 
and  from  1795  to  1797  ;  a  man  of  unusual 
wealth ;  for  his  learning  was  made  a  Doc 
tor  of  Laws ;  and  died  at  Newton,  Massa 
chusetts,  July  26,  1819.  His  descendants 
are  numerous,  and  many  of  them  dis 
tinguished. 

Leonard,  Moses  G-, — He  was  born 
in  Connecticut;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1843  to 
1845 ;  and  was  for  several  years  Commis 
sioner  of  Emigration  in  the  City  of  New 
York. 

Leonard,  Stephen  B.— He  was  born 
in  New  York ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837,  and  again  from  1839  to  1841. 

Letcher,  John. — Born  in  Lexington, 
Rockbridge  County,  Virginia,  March  29, 
1813;  he  commenced  his  classical  studies 
at  Washington  College,  and  completed  his 
education  at  Randolph  Macon  College; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  practice  in  1839 ;  during  that 
year  he  established,  and  for  a  time  edited, 
the  "  Valley  Star,"  in  Lexington;  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  for  Reforming 
the  Constitution  of  Virginia  in  1850;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth 
and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  gen 
erally  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Ways  and  Means.  He  was,  in  1859, 
elected  by  the  democracy  of  Virginia, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


237 


Governor  of  that  Commonwealth.  He 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1849. 

Letcher,  Robert  P. — He  was  born  in 
Goochlaucl  County,  Virginia;  received  a 
good  education,  and  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law.  He  served  a  number  of  years 
in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  at  one 
time  elected  Speaker  of  the  House ;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1837;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1823  to  1835 ; 
Governor  of  Kentucky  from  1840  to  1844 ; 
and  in  1840  was  appointed  Minister  to 
Mexico.  Died  in  Frankfort,  Kentucky, 
January  24,  18G1. 

Levin,  Lewis  C. — He  was  born  in 

Charleston,  South  Carolina,  November  10, 
1808 ;  received  a  liberal  education,  having 
graduated  at  Columbia  College,  South 
Carolina ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law, 
and  practised  the  same  in  Maryland,  Lou 
isiana,  Kentucky,  and  Pennsylvania;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  >  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1845  to  1847,  and  again 
from  1847  to  1851,  generally  serving- on 
the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs.  To  him 
is  generally  awarded  the  credit  of  having 
founded,  in  1843,  the  Native  American 
party.  Died  at  Philadelphia,  March  14, 
18GO. 

Leivis,  Abner. — He  was  born  in  New 
York ;  was  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of 
that  State,  from  Chautauque  County,  in 
1838  and  1839,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1845 
to  1847. 

Lewis,  Dixon  IT. — Born  in  Dinwid- 
die  County,  Virginia,  in  1802,  and  was 
educated  at  the  South  Carolina  College. 
He  studied  law,  removed  to  Alabama,  and 
became  eminent  in  his  profession.  He  was 
an  able  and  amiable  man,  and  physically 
very  large  and  fleshy;  and  the  story  is 
related  of  him,  that,  when  returning  home 
on  one  of  the  Southern  steamers,  which 
•was  wrecked,  he  refused  to  take  a  seat  in 
a  small  boat,  because  the  lives  of  several 
persons  would  thereby  be  jeopardized,  and, 
though  for  a  time  he  was  in  great  danger, 
he  was  rescued.  He  represented  Alabama' 
in  Congress  from  1829  to  1843,  and  from 
1844  until  his  death  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress.  Died  in  New  York,  October  25, 
1848. 

Lewis,  Francis. — He  was  born  in 
Llandaff,  Wales,  in  March,  1713;  was  edu 
cated  at  Westminster ;  emigrated  to  Amer 
ica  in  1735,  and  settled  in  New  York  as  a 
merchant.  In  the  prosecution  of  his  busi 
ness  he  visited  Russia  and  other  parts  of 
Europe ;  as  Agent  for  supplying  the  Brit 
ish  troops  he  was  present  at  Fort  Oswego 
when  it  surrendered  to  Montcalm,  and  as 
a  prisoner  he  was  taken  to  Montreal  and 
France.  After  his  release  he  returned  to 
America;  became  one  of  the  "Sons  of 


Liberty ; "  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1776  to  1779;  signed 
the  Articles  of  Confederation ;  and  was 
also  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence ;  and,  after  a  long  course 
of  successful  business  operations,  died 
December  30,  1803. 

Lewis,  Jr.,  Joseph. — He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  ia 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1803  to 
1817. 

Leivis,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
October  17,  1803,  to  March  5,  1804,  when 
his  seat  was  successfully  contested  by  A. 
Moore. 

Lewis,  William  «/.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

L'Hommedieu,  Ezra.— lie  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1754 ;  and  was  a 
Delegate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1779  to  1783,  and 
again  in  1787  and  1788.  Died  in  1811. 

Ligon,  Thomas  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Prince  Edward  County,  Virginia ;  placed 
at  an  early  age  at  Hampton  Sydney  Col 
lege,  but  finished  his  education  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Virginia.  He  studied  law,  and, 
after  spending  a  year  and  a  half  at  the  Yale 
Law  School,  settled  in  Baltimore.  He  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary- 
laud,  from  1845  to  1849 ;  having  been  re- 
elected  for  a  second  term ;  and  was  elected 
in  1854  Governor  of  that  State. 

Lilly,  Samuel. — Was  born  in  New 
York;  adopted  the  medical  profession; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Jersey,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Lincoln,  Abraham.— He  was  born 
in  Hardin  County,  Kentucky,  February  12, 
1809 ;  removed  with  his  father  to  Indiana 
in  1810;  received  a  limited  education; 
spent  two  years  at  school  in  Stafford 
County,  Virginia ;  worked  at  rail-splitting 
for  a  time ;  and  twice  visited  New  Orleans 
as  a  boatman.  Removed  to  Illinois  in  1830, 
'and  turned  his  attention  to  agricultural 
pursuits ;  he  served  as  a  Captain  of  Vol 
unteers  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  was  at 
one  time  Postmaster  of  New  Salem ;  and 
he  served  four  years  in  the  Illinois  Legis 
lature,  viz.,  1834, 1836, 1838,  and  1840,  dur 
ing  which  time  he  turned  his  attention 
again  to  the  study  of  law  with  John  T. 
Stuart,  and  settled  at  Springfield  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  "National  Convention"  which 
nominated  General  Taylor  for  President  in 
1848 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Illinois,  from  1847  to  1849, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Post 
Office  and  Post  Roads,  and.  on  Expenses 


238 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


in  the  War  Department.  In  1858  he  ac 
quired  distinction  by  stumping  the  State 
of  Illinois,  for  the  United  States  Senate, 
against  S.  A.  Douglas ;  and  in  1860  he  was 
nominated  by  the  Republican  Party  as 
their  candidate  for  President  of  the  United 
States,  and  was  duly  elected  to  that  posi 
tion  for  the  term  commencing  the  4th  of 
March,  1861.  By  the  "  Baltimore  Conven 
tion,"  held  in  1864,  he  was  nominated  for 
re-election  to  the  Presidency,  and  was  tri 
umphantly  elected.  In  December,  1864, 
the  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred  upon 
him  by  Princeton  College.  On  the  14th  of 
April,  1865,  while  seated  in  a  private  box 
at  the  theatre,  he  was  shot  in  the  head  by 
an  assassin,  named  John  Wilkes  Booth, 
and  died  at  seven  o'clock  on  the  following 
morning.  The  circumstances  of  his  death 
filled  the  whole  land  with  horror,  and  the 
demonstrations  to  his  memory  were  heart 
felt  and  universal.  His  name  was  every 
where  mentioned,  with  rare  kindness,  as 
the  "Martyred  President." 

Lincoln,  Enoch.— Born  in  Worces 
ter,  Massachusetts,  December  28,  1788; 
and,  after  studying  law,  settled  in  Frye- 
burg,  Maine,  and  afterwards  removed  to 
Paris.  He  was  a  member  of  the  United 
States  House  of  Representatives,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1818  to  1820,  suc 
ceeding  A.  K.  Parris,  resigned,  and  from 
1821  to  1826,  from  the  new  State  of  Maine, 
when  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Maine, 
and  re-elected  in  1828.  He  published, 
while  at  Fryeburg,  a  poem,  entitled  •'  The 
Village ;  "  he  was  also  the  author  of  some 
historical  recollections  of  Maine.  He  died 
at  Augusta,  October  8,  1829. 

Lincoln,  LevL—  Born  May  15,  1749, 
at  Hingham,  Massachusetts ;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1772,  and  settled  as  a 
lawj'cr  in  Worcester,  where  he  rose  to  dis 
tinction;  was  Judge  of  Probate;  a  State 
Senator  iu  1797;  County  Prosecutor  in 
1775;  a  State  Councillor  in  1806,  1810,  and 
1811 ;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1799  to  1801 ;  and  during  the 
administration  of  President  Adams  he 
wrote  a  series  of  political  papers,  called 
"  Farmer's  Letters."  In  1801  he  was  ap 
pointed  Attorney-General  of  the  United  ( 
States,  and  acted  as  Secretary  of  State' 
until  Mr.  Madison  reached  Washington; 
and  in  1807  was  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
Massachusetts;  acting  as  Governor  in 
1809,  after  the  death  of  Governor  Sullivan. 
In  1811  he  was  appointed  Associate  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court,  but  declined  the 
office.  He  died  at  Worcester,  Massachu 
setts,  April  14,  1820,  aged  seventy-one 
years. 

Lincoln,  Levi. — He  was  the  son  of 

the  preceding,  and  was  born  in  Massachu 
setts  October  25,  1782;  was  a  State  Sena 
tor  in  1812;  a  State  Representative  from 
1814  to  1823,  and  Speaker  in  1822;  Lieu- 


tenant-Governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1823  ; 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State 
in  1824;  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1825; 
Collector  at  Boston  from  18-11  to  1843;  a 
State  Senator  in  1844  and  1845,  and  Presi 
dent  thereof;  Mayor  of  Worcester  in  1848; 
and  Governor  of  Massachusetts  from  18-'5 
to  1834;  and  from  1834  to  1841  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress.  He  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1864. 

Lincoln,  William  S. — He  was  born 
in  Newark  Valley,  Tioga  County,  New 
York,  August  13,  1813 ;  was  educated  for 
mercantile  pursuits,  and,  after  devoting 
his  attention  for  many  }rears,  to  merchan 
dising,  he  became  engaged  in  the  manu 
facture  of  leather;  was  Postmaster  of 
Newark  Valley  from  1838  to  1866;  was  also 
Supervisor  of  the  town  for  several  years ; 
and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  New  York,  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  the 
Post  Office  and  Post  Roads. 

Lindley,  James  «/.—  Born  at  Mans 
field,  Ohio,  January  1,  1822;  went  with  his 
parents  to  Kentucky  when  a  boy,  and 
lived  at  Cynthiana  several  years;  was  a 
student  in  Woodville  College,  Ohio,  for 
two  years ;  studied  law,  and  located  at 
Monticello,  Missouri,  in  1846.  In  1848  he 
was  elected  Circuit  Attorney  for  eight 
counties,  and  re-elected  in  1852.  He  was 
a  Representative,  from  Missouri,  in  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth.  He  afterwards  re 
moved  to  Davenport,  Iowa,  and  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  his  profession. 

Lindsley,   William   D.  —  He  was 

born  in  Connecticut;  and, having  removed 
to  Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Linn,  Archibald  L.— He  was  born 
in  New  York  in  1802;  graduated  at  Union 
College ;  studied  law  in  Sclienectady,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  that  city ;  was  twice 
elected  Mayor  of  the  same ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  iu  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1841  to  1843;  and  in  1844  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Assembly.  Died  in 
Grassfleld,  New  York,  October  10,  1857. 

Linn,  James.  —  He  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1769,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jer 
sey,  from  1799  to  1801,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Jefferson  Supervisor 
of  the  Revenue.  He  also  held  the  office 
for  many  years  of  Secretary  of  State  of 
New  Jersey.  Died  at  Trenton,  Decem 
ber  29,  1820. 

Linn,  J~ohn. — He  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  and  for  many  years  a  member  of 
the  New  Jersey  Assembly,  and  a  Repre- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


239 


sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1817  to  1821.    Died  January  6,  1821. 

Linn,  Lewis  F. — Born  near  Louis 
ville,  Kentucky,  November  5,  1795.  He 
was  educated  chiefly  by  an  elder  brother, 
and  studied  medicine.  In  1809  he  removed 
to  Missouri,  and  in  1814  helped  to  flght 
the  battles  of  his  country.  After  success 
fully  practising  his  profession,  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1827, 
and  in  1833  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  in  which  capacity  he  served  un 
til  his  death,  which  occurred  at  St.  Gene- 
vieve,  Missouri,  October  3,  1843.  He 
proved  himself  to  be  a  man  of  remarkable 
abilities,  identified  himself  throughout  his 
whole  career  in  Congress  with  the  inter 
ests  of  the  valley  of  the  Mississippi,  and, 
when  he  died,  many  of  the  best  men  in 
the  country  eulogized  him  for  his  mani 
fold  virtues. 

Litchfield,  Elisha.—He  was  born 
in  Canterbury,  Connecticut,  in  1795 ; 
served  five  years  in  the  New  York  Legis 
lature  from  Oiiondaga  County ;  was  Speak 
er  in  1848;  was  many  years  a  Justice  of 
the  Peace  at  Delphi,  New  York;  and  was  a 
llepresentative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1821  to  1823,  and  again  from 
1823  to  1825.  Died  at  Cazeuovia,  New 
York,  August  4,  1859. 

Little,  Edward  P.— He  was  born 
in  Massachusetts  in  1788,  and  was  a  llep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1852  to  1853.  He  Avas  a  State  Rep 
resentative  from  1829  to  1834,  and  from 
1835  to  1838,  and  Collector  at  Plymouth 
from  1853  to  1857. 

Little,  Peter. — He  was  born  in  Petcrs- 
burg,  Pennsylvania;  removed  to  Mary- 
laud;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1811  to 
1813,  and  was  in  the  latter  year  appointed, 
by  President  Madison,  Colonel  of  Infantry ; 
and  again  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  ''1816  to  1829.  Died  February  5, 
1830,  in  Baltimore  County,  Maryland. 

Littlefleld,  Nathaniel  S. — Born  in 
Wells,  York  County,  Maine,  September 
20,  1804 ;  received  a  common-school  edu 
cation  ;  studied  and  adopted  the  profession 
of  law ;  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  Sen 
ate  in  1837,  1838,  and  1839 ;  President  of 
the  same  a  part  of  the  time ;  a  Represent 
ative  from  Maine  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
and  Thirty-first  Congresses ;  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Maine  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  1854.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention"  of  1866. 

Littlejohn,  DeWitt  C.— Was  born 
in  Bridgewater,  Oneida  County,  New 
York,  February  7,  1818 ;  received  a  thor 
ough  academic  education ;  and  since  1839 


has  been  largely  engaged  in  the  commerce 
of  the  lakes  and  canals,  as  well  as  in  the 
manufacture  of  flour.  He  served  as  Pres 
ident  of  the  village  of  Oswego,  and  when 
it  became  a  city  he  became  an  Alderman, 
and  was  twice  elected  Mayor.  He  was 
seven  times  elected  to  the  Assembly  of 
New  York,  presiding  as  Speaker  during 
live  terms ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  New  York  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals,  and  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions.  After  retiring  from 
Congress,  he  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature. 

Livermore,  ArtJmr.—Rorn  in  Lon 
donderry,  New  Hampshire,  July  26,  1776. 
He  was  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
New  Hampshire  from  1799  to  1816;  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1801 ;  from  1825  to 
1833  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1817  to 
1821,  and  from  1823  to  1825.  He  died  at 
Campton,  New  Hampshire,  July  1,  1853. 
He  was  the  son  of  Samuel  Livermore. 

Livermore,  Edward   S.— He  was 

Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New 
Hampshire  from  1797  to  1799 ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1807  to  1811.  Died  in  1832, 
aged  eighty  years. 

Livermore,  Samuel.—  Born  in  Wal- 
tham,  Massachusetts,  in  1732;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1752 ;  was  Judge 
Advocate  of  the  Admiralty  before  the  Rev 
olution  ;  subsequently  Judge  of  the  Supe 
rior  Court  of  New  Hampshire;  and  a 
Senator  in  Congress  from  1793  to  1801, 
when  he  resigned;  and  was  President  pro 
tern,  of  that  body  during  "two  sessions. 
He  died  at  Holderness,  May,  1803. 

Livingston,  Edward.  —  Born  at 
Clarcmout,  Livingston  Manor,  New  York, 
in  1764;  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1781 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1785,  and  pursued  his  profession 
till  1795,  when  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  Congress  from  New  York 
City,  serving  until  1802.  He  was  then 
appointed  United  States  Attorney  for  the 
District  of  New  York,  and  was  also 
Mayor  of  the  city.  Removing  to  New 
Orleans  in  1804,  he  became  eminent  there 
as  a  lawyer;  at  the  invasion  of  Louisiana 
he  acted  as  an  Aid  to  General  Jackson; 
was  employed  in  negotiations  for  the  ex 
change  of  prisoners  after  the  war;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Louisiana,  from  1823  to  1829,  and  as 
a  Senator  of  the  United  States  from  1829 
to  1831,  when  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Jackson  Secretary  of  State,  and  in 
1833  Minister  to  France.  His  "Penal 
Code  "  is  considered  a  monument  of  his 


240 


BIOaEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


profound  learning.    He  died  at  Rhiucbeck, 
New  York,  May  23,  1836. 


Livingston,  Henry  Walter.— 

born  in  1764  ;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1786,  and  was  educated  to  the  law.  He  was 
Secretary  in  1792  to  Mr.  Morris,  Ambassa 
dor  to  France  ;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1803  to  1807. 
He  died  at  Livingston  Manor,  New  York, 
December  22,  1810,  aged  forty-two  years. 

Livingston,  Philip.—  Born  in  Al 
bany,  New  York,  January  15,  1716;  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1737;  was  a 
successful  merchant  in  New  York  City; 
was  an  Alderman  for  four  years;  served 
several  years  in  the  State  Legislature,  and 
corresponded  with  Edmund  Burke  on 
commercial  matters;  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  from  1774  to 
1778;  was  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence  ;  subsequently  served  in  the 
Senate  of  New  York;  and  died  June  15. 
1778.  He  was  noted  for  his  rare  business 
capacity  and  his  benevolence,  and  was  the 
founder  of  the  Professorship  of  Divinity 
in  Yale  College. 

Livingston,  Robert  Le  Hoy,  —  He 

graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1784; 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  the  Sixth  Congressional  District 
of  New  York,  from  1809  to  1813,  but 
resigned  in  1812,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  T.  P.  Grosvenor;  he  was  then  ap 
pointed  by  President  Madison  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  Infantry. 

Livingston,  Robert  JR.—  He  grad 
uated  at  King's  College  in  1765  ;  studied 
law  and  was  appointed  Recorder  of  the 
City  of  New  York,  which  office  he  resigned 
at  the  beginning  of  the  Revolution.  In 
1775  he  was  elected  to  the  Assembly  from 
Duchess  County,  and  the  same  year 
was  sent  as  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  serving  till  1777,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  for 
draughting  the  Declaration  of  Indepen 
dence.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  from  1779 
to  1781,  and  in  the  latter  year  was  ap 
pointed  Secretary  for  Foreign  Affairs. 
On  his  resignation  he  received'the  thanks 
of  Congress.  He  was  appointed  Chan 
cellor  of  New  York  under  the  New  Con 
stitution,  and  filled  that  situation  till 
1801.  In  1788  he  was  Chairman  of  the 
State  Convention  which  adopted  the  Fed 
eral  Constitution.  In  1794  he  declined 
the  appointment  as  Minister  to  France, 
offered  by  Washington.  In  1801  he  ac 
cepted  that  office,  and  proceeded  to  Paris. 
After  the  close  of  his  mission,  Napoleon 
presented  him  with  a  snuff-box,  contain 
ing  a  miniature  of  himself,  by  Isabey. 
With  the  assistance  of  Monroe,  he  made 
the  purchase  of  Louisiana.  In  Paris  he 
formed  an  intimacy  with  Robert  Fulton, 
and  was  instrumental  in  the  introduction 


of  steam  navigation  into  the  United  States. 
Introduced  merino  sheep  and  gypsum  into 
New  York;  was  President  of  an  agricul 
tural  society  and  of  the  Academy  of  Fine 
Arts;  published  an  oration  delivered  be 
fore  the  Cincinnati  Society  in  1787,  and 
other  essays.  Died  in  1813,  aged  sixty- 
six  years. 

Livingston,    Walter.  —  He   was   a 

Delegate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  in  1784  and  1785. 

Livingston,     William.  —  Born   in 

New  York  in  1741 ;  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  and,  after  filling  some  important 
offices  in  New  York,  he  removed  to  New 
Jersey.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1774  to  1776.  He 
was  first  Governor  of  New  Jersey  under 
the  New  Constitution  of  the  State,  which 
office  lie  held  until  his  death.  In  1787  he 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Convention  which 
formed  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  and  signed  that  instrument.  He 
died  July  25,  1790. 

Lloyd,  Edward.— lie  was  Governor 
of  Maryland  from  1801)  to  1811;  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1783 
and  1784;  a  member  of  Congress  from 
1806  to  1809 ;  and  served  as  United  States 
Senator,  from  Maryland,  from  1819  to 
1826,  when  he  resigned.  He  was  highly 
respected  both  in  public  and  private  life, 
He  died  June  2,  1834. 

Lloyd,  James. — He  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Maryland,  from  1797  to 
1800,  when  he  resigned. 

Lloyd,  James.— lie  was  born  in  Bos 
ton,  Massachusetts,  in  1769;  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1787;  and  devoted 
himself  to  mercantile  pursuits,  and  resided 
in  Russia  a  number  of  years.  He  devoted 
some  attention  to  literature ;  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Arts  and  Sciences ;  and  received  from  his 
Alma  Mater,  in  1826,  the  degree  of  Doctor 
of  Laws.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1808  to  1813, 
when  he  resigned,  and  again  from  1822  to 
1826,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tees  on  Commerce,  and  Naval  Affairs.  His 
reputation  was  that  of  an  able  statesman, 
and  a  wealthy  and  benevolent  man.  He 
died  in  New  York  City,  April  5,  1831. 

Loan,  Benjamin  F. — Born  in  Har- 
dinsburg,  Breckiuridge  County,  Kentucky, 
in  1819 ;  settled  in  Missouri  in  1833,  and 
adopted  the  legal  profession.  When  the 
Rebellion  broke  out,  in  1861,  he  took  an 
active  part  in  military  affairs,  and  was  ap 
pointed  a  Brigadier-General;  and  in  1862 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  from  Mis 
souri  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 
Was  subsequently  reported  against  by  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EEOOEDS. 


241 


Committee  on  Elections,  but  the  action  of 
the  Committee  was  not  sustained  by  the 
-  House,  and  he  retained  his  seat.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  the  Pacific  Railroad, 
and  Freedmen,  and  Debts  of  the  Loyal 
States.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions,  and  on 
that  on  Freedmen's  Affairs. 

LocJce,  Francis. — Born  in  Rowan 
County,  North  Carolina,  October  31,  17GG. 
He  was  elected  Judge  of  the  Superior 
Court  in  1803,  and,  having  resigned,  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  the  years 
1814  and  1815  from  his  native  State,  but 
appears  not  to  have  taken  his  seat.  In 
1809  he  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector. 
Died  January,  1823. 

Locke,  John.— Re  was  born  in  Hop- 
kinton,  Massachusetts,  in  1764 ;  graduated 
at  Cambridge  in  1792;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1796,  and  opened  an  office  in 
Ashby.  He  represented  that  town  in  the 
Legislature  in  1804,  1805,  1813,  and  1823. 
In  1820  he  was  a  member  of  the  "  Constitu 
tional  Convention  "  of  the  State ;  and  from 
1823  to  1829  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  the  Worcester  North  District. 
In  1830  he  was  a  State  Senator  from  Mid 
dlesex  County;  and  in  1831  was  a  member 
of  the  Executive  Council.  He  removed  to 
Lowell  in  1837,  and  thence,  in  1849,  to 
Boston,  where  he  died,  March  29,  1855. 

Locke,  Matthew.—  Born  in  Rowan 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1730,  and  died 
in  1801.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
gress  at  Halifax,  in  1776,  which  formed 
the  Constitution  of  North  Carolina,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  the  Congress  of 
the  United  States  from  1793  to  1799.  He 
also  served  in  the  Legislature,  and  had 
four  sous  at  one  time  in  the  Revolutionaiy 
war. 

Lockhart,  James.— He  was  born  in 
Auburn,  New  York,  February  13,  1806; 
removed  to  Indiana  in  1832 ;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1834;  in  1841  and 
1842  was  elected  Prosecuting  Attorney; 
from  1845  to  1851  he  was  Judge  of  the 
Fourth  Judicial  District  when  he  resigned ; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention"  of  1850.  He  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  In 
diana,  from  1851  to  1853.  Died  at  Evans- 
ville,  Indiana,  September  7,  1857. 

Logan,  George. — Born  at  Stanton, 
near  Philadelphia,  September  9,  1753.  He 
was  educated  at  Edinburgh  for  the  medical 
profession,  but  devoted  a  great  portion  of 
his  time  to  agriculture,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  of  Peuuyslvania.  In 
1798  he  embarked  for  Europe  for  the  sole 
purpose  of  preventing  a  war  between 
America  and  France,  and  prepared  the 
16 


way  for  a  negotiation  which  terminated  in 
peace.  He  was  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  from  1801  to  1807.  He  went  to 
England  in  February,  1810,  on  the  same 
peaceful  mission  which  led  him  to  France, 
but  not  with  the  same  success.  He  was 
an  active  member  of  the  Philosophical 
Society  and  the  State  Board  of  Agricul 
ture;  and  in  1797  published  "Experi 
ments  on  Gypsum"  and  "Rotation  of 
Crops."  He  died  at  Stanton,  April  9, 
1821. 

Logan,  Henry.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1839. 

Logan,  John  A.—  Born  in  Jackson 
County,  Illinois;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  went  with  the  army  as 
a  private  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  and  was 
made  Quartermaster  of  his  regiment;  in 
1849  was  elected  County  Clerk  of  Jackson 
County,  but  resigned;  in  1850  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1852,  having  grad 
uated  at  the  Louisville  University ;  in  1852 
was  elected  to  the  Illinois  Legislature ;  in 
1853  was  appointed  a  Prosecuting  At 
torney  ;  in  1856  a  Presidential  Elector ;  a 
second  time  elected  to  the  Legislature; 
and  in  1858  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Illinois,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Unfinished  Business;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
and,  resigning,  served  as  a  Colonel  in  the 
Union  army  in  1861,  and  subsequently  as 
a  Major-General,  having  commanded  with 
distinction  the  army  of  Tennessee.  In 
November,  1865,  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Johnson  Minister  to  the  Repub 
lic  of  Mexico,  but  declined.  He  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Soldiers  Convention  " 
held  in  Pittsburg  in  186(5 ;  and  was  re-elect 
ed  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committees  on  Ordnance, 
and  on  those  on  Retrenchmentj  and  Ways 
and  Means,  and  was  one  of  the  Managers 
in  the  Impeachment  trial  of  President 
Andrew  Johnson. 

Logan,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Harrodsburg,  Kentucky,  Decembers,  1776 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitution 
al  Convention  "  in  1799 ;  studied  law,  and 
practised  with  success ;  was  frequently  in 
the  Legislature,  and  officiated  as  Speaker ; 
was  twice  chosen  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Appeals ;  was  a  Senator  in  Congress  dur 
ing  the  years  1819  and  1820;  and  died  Au 
gust  8,  1822.  He  was  the  flrst  white  child 
born  in  Kentucky. 

Long,  Alexander.— He  was  born  in 
Greenville,  Mercer  County,  Pennsylvania, 
December  24, 1816 ;  was  educated  at  Cary's 
Academy  (now  Farmer's  College),  Ohio: 
adopted*  the  profession  of  law,  practising 
in  Cincinnati;  was  elected  to  the  Ohio 


242 


BIOGBAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


Legislature  in  1848  and  1849,  and  in  1862 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Claims.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Convention"  of 
1864. 

Long,  Edward  JET.— He  was  born  in 
Maryland  in  1808 ;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  ;  adopted  and  practised  the  profession 
of  law;  served  a  number  of  years  in  the 
Maryland  Legislature ;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from 
1845  to  1847 ;  and  died  in  Somerset,  Mary 
land,  in  October,  1865.  He  was  reputed  a 
man  of  ability,  and  at  one  time  was  a  can 
didate  for  the  United  States  Senate. 

Long,  John. — Born  in  London  Coun 
ty,  Virginia ;  was  a  farmer  by  profession ; 
entered  public  life  as  a  Senator  in  the  As 
sembly,  in  1815,  and  in  1821  was  elected 
to  Congress,  as  a  Representative,  from 
North  Carolina,  where  he  remained  until 
1829. 

Long,  Pierce.— Re  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  Hampshire  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1784  to  1786. 

Longfellow,  Stephen.  —  He  was 
born  in  Gorham,  Massachusetts,  June  23, 
1775 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1798;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1801 ;  was  for  many  years  a 
leading  politician  and  lawyer  in  Maine; 
was  a  "Presidential  Elector  in  1797;  and  a 
member  of  the  "  Hartford  Convention  "  in 
1814,  of  which  body,  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  he  was  the  only  surviving  Delegate 
from  Massachusetts.  From  1817  to  1836 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Corporation  of 
Bowdoin  College,  from  which  institution 
he  received  the  degree  of  LL.D. ;  he  was 
also  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitutional 
Convention  "  of  1819 ;  a  Representative  in 
the  Maine  Legislature  in  1826 ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine, 
from  1823  t&  1825 ;  and  died  at  Portland, 
August  2,  1849.  He  was  the  father  of  the 
distinguished  poet  Longfellow. 

LongnecJcer,  Henry  C.— Born  in 
Allen  Township,  Cumberland  County, 
Pennsylvania,  April  17,  1825 ;  was  edu 
cated  at  the  Wilbraham  Academy,  Mas 
sachusetts,  the  Norwich  Military  Univer 
sity  of  Vermont,  and  Lafayette  College, 
Pennsylvania,  where  he  graduated ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law;  served  as  a 
Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  in  the  war  with 
Mexico;  and  on  his  return  was  elected 
District  Attorney  of  Lehigh  County ;  was 
a  member  in  1851  of  a  Democratic  Con 
vention  for  Nominating  State  Judges ;  and 
also  in  1854  of  another  Convention  for 
Nominating  State  Officers;  and  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl 
vania  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 


Military  AfMrs.  As  Colonel  of  the  Nintli 
Pennsylvania  Infantry,  he  commanded  a 
Brigade  in  Western  Virginia  at  the  com 
mencement  of  the  Rebellion  in  1801,  and 
he  subsequently  commanded  a  Brigade  of 
Militia  at  the  Battle  of  Antietam,  and  in 
1867  was  appointed  an  associate  Judge  of 
Lehigh  County. 

Long  jf  ear,  John  W. — He  was  born 
in  Shaudaken,  Ulster  County,  New  York, 
October  22,  1820;  received  a  good  aca 
demic  education ;  removed  to  Michigan  in 
1844 ;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1846;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Michigan,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Com 
merce,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Expenditures  on  the  Public  Buildings. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  same  committees.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loy 
alists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Loomis,  Arphaxad.—He  was  for 

three  years  a  member  of  the  Legislature 
of  New  York,  from  Herkimer  County,  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1837  to  1839. 

Loomis,  Dwight. — Born  in  Colum 
bia,  Tolland  County,  Connecticut,  July  27, 
1821 ;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  spent  the  most  of  his  youth  on  a 
farm;  and  taught  school  for  about  one 
year;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  1844, 
and,  having  finished  his  legal  studies  at 
New  Haven,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1847;  since  which  time  he  has  practised 
his  profession  at  Rockville,  Connecticut. 
In  1851  he  was  elected  to  the  Connecticut 
Legislature ;  was  a  Delegate  in  1856  to  the 
"People's  Convention "  in  Philadelphia; 
was  a  State  Senator  in  1857;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Connecti 
cut,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Mileage. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Elections, 
and  on  Agriculture. 

Lord,  Frederick  W.—  BorninLyme, 
Connecticut,  December  11,  1800;  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1821 ;  was  for  two 
years  Professor  of  Mathematics  in  Wash 
ington  College ;  had  charge  for  threo 
years  of  an  academy  in  the  City  of  Balti 
more  ;  devoted  himself,  in  Baltimore,  for 
several  years,  to  the  study  of  medicine, 
and  received  a  diploma  from  Yale  College, 
in  1829 ;  spent  fifteen  years  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession  at  Sag  Harbor,  New 
York,  when  he  retired;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1847  to  1849.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Baltimore  "National  Conven 
tion"  for  nominating  a  President  in  1840. 
Died  at  New  York,  May  24,  1860. 

LougJiridge,    William.  —  He  was 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EEGORDS. 


243 


born  in  Youngstown,  Mahoning  County, 
Oliio,  July  11,  1827;  received  a  common- 
school  education  ;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  at  the  age  of  twenty-two  years, 
and  on  removing  to  Iowa,  in  1852,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
from  1850  to  1860.  In  1SGI  he  was  chosen 
Judge  of  the  Sixth  Judicial  District  of 
Iowa,  to  serve  until  January,  1867;  and 
in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  Iowa  to  the  Fortieth  Congress; 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Private 
Land  Claims,  Agriculture,  and  Education 
in  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Love,  James.  —  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1833  to  1835. 


Love,  t/bTmt—  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1807  to  1811. 

Love,  Peter  E.  —  Born  near  Dublin, 
Lam-ens  County,  Georgia,  July  7,  1818; 
was  educated  at  Franklin  College  ;  studied 
medicine  and  attended  medical  lectures  in 
Philadelphia;  relinquished  that  profes 
sion,  and  turned  his  attention  to  law, 
Laving  been  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839  ; 
in  1843  he  was  chosen  Solicitor-General 
for  the  Southern  District  of  Georgia;  in 
1849  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  ; 
in  1853  he  was  appointed  a  Judge  for  the 
Southern  Circuit  of  Georgia;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Georgia, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Expenses  in  the  State 
Department,  and  the  Special  Committee 
of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious  States. 

Love,  Thomas  C.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1835  to  1837.  He  was  Judge  of 
Erie  County  in  1828;  District  Attorney 
for  said  County  from  1829  to  1836  ;  Surro 
gate  from  1841  to  1845  ;  and  died  at  Buf 
falo,  September  17,  1853. 

Love,  William  C.—  Born  in  Virginia  ; 
educated  at  the  University  of  North  Caro 
lina,  of  which  his  father  was  steward; 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1815  to  1817. 

Lovejoy,  Owen.  —  He  was  born  in 
Albion,  Kennebec  County,  Maine,  January 
6,  1811;  labored  on  a  farm  until  eighteen 
years  of  age  ;  taught  school,  and  thereby 
received  the  means  for  a  college  educa 
tion,  which  he  received  at  Bovvdoin.  He 
was  a  clergyman  of  the  Congregational 
Church  at  Princeton,  Illinois,  from  1838 
to  1854,  having  resigned  his  pastoral 
duties  to  take  a  seat  in  the  Illinois  Legis 
lature,  in  that  year;  and  in  1856  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  that  State, 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and  the 


Thirty-eighth  Congresses,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Public  Lands,  and  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committees  on  Agriculture,  and  for  the 
District  of  Columbia,  and  also  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  the  Territories. 
Died  in  Brooklyn,  New  York,  March  25, 
1864. 

Lovell,  James. — Born  in  Boston, 
Massachusetts;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1756,  and  was  for  many  years 
associated  with  his  father  as  teacher  of  * 
the  Latin  School.  In  1760  he  published 
"  Oratio  in  Fuuero  Thyntii."  During  the 
Revolution  he  was  a  lirm  Whig,  devoted 
to  the  cause  of  liberty,  and  was  impris 
oned  by  General  Gage ;  he  was  carried  a 
prisoner  by  the  British  troops  to  Halifax, 
where  he  was  for  a  long  time  kept  in  close 
confinement.  After  his  return  to  Boston 
he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1776  to  1782,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Corre 
spondence.  He  also  signed  the  Articles  of 
Confederation.  In  1786  he  was  Collector 
of  Customs  for  Boston,  and  was  subse 
quently  Naval  Officer  for  Boston  and 
Charlestown,  in  which  station  he  re 
mained  until  his  death.  He  died  in  1814, 
aged  seventy-six. 

Lovett,  John.  — He  was  born  in  Nor 
wich,  Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale 
College,  and  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Assembly  in  1800  and  1801,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1813  to  1814,  and  from  1815  to 
1817.  He  died  in  1818,  in  Ohio. 

Low,  Frederick  F.—  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  from  California  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  taking  his  seat  during 
the  second  session  thereof;  and  he  was 
Governor  of  California  from  1863  to  1865. 

Loiv,  Isaac.  —  He  was  a  Delegate 
from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1774  and  1775. 

Lowell,  John.  —  Born  in  Newbury- 
port,  Massachusetts,  in  1744;  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  1760,  and  settled  iu 
Boston  as  a  lawyer.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1782  to 
1783,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  framed  the  Constitution  of  Massa 
chusetts.  He  was  appointed  Judge  of  the 
District  Court,  for  the  Massachusetts  Dis 
trict,  by  Washington,  in  1789 ;  and  in  1801 
was  appointed  Chief  Justice  of  the  First 
Circuit.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Cor 
poration  of  Harvard  College  for  eighteen 
years,  and  received  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
from  that  institution.  He  was  one  of  the- 
founders  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Arts  and  Sciences,  and  in  1791  he  deliv 
ered  a  eulogy  on  their  late  President, 
James  Bowdoin.  He  wrote  an  English 


244 


EIOGBAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Poem,  No.  3,  in  the  "Pietas,"  printed  at 
Cambridge.    He  died  May  10,  1802. 

"Lowell,  Joshua  A.— He  was  born  in 
Thomaston,  Maine,  March  20,  1801;  his 
educational  advantages  were  limited,  hut 
he  commenced  active  life  by  teaching 
school ;  he  adopted  the  profession  of  law, 
Laving  come  to  the  bar  in  1826 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  in  1832, 
1833, 1835,  and  1837 ;  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1839  to 
1843.  He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1844. 

Lower,  Christian.— -He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1805  to  1807. 

Loivndes,  Thomas. — He  was  born 
in  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in  17G5 ;  re 
ceived  a  thorough  education,  and  was  one 
of  the  enterprising  citizens  of  his  native 
city.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  South  Carolina,  from  1801  to 
1805,  and  was  distinguished  for  his  talents. 
He  died  in  Charleston,  July  8,  1843. 

Lowndes,  William. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  having 
been  born  February  7,  1782 ;  educated  by 
a  private  tutor;  served  in  the  State  Leg 
islature  in  1806  and  1808;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1811  to  1822,  when,  from  ill 
health,  he  resigned.  In  1818  he  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means.  He  died  while  on  a  voyage,  with 
his  family,  from  Philadelphia  to  London, 
in  the  ship  Moss,  October  27,  1822,  aged 
forty-two.  He  had  a  memory  of  uncom 
mon  power,  was  an  eloquent  debater,  and 
stood  in  the  first  rank  of  American  states 
men.  Henry  Clay  once  expressed  the 
opinion  that  he  was  the  wisest  man  he 
had  ever  known  in  Congress. 

Loivrie,  Walter. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1819  to  1825.  He  was  afterwards  Secre 
tary  of  the  United  States  Senate  from 
1825  to  1836 ;  was  subsequently  appointed 
Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Foreign  Mis 
sions,  and  died  in  New  York  in  18G2  or 
1863. 

Loyall,  George. — Born  in  Norfolk, 
Virginia,  May  29,  1789 ;  graduated  at  Wil 
liam  and  Mary  College  in  1808.  In  1815 
he  visited  England,  and  on  his  return,  in 
1817,  was  elected  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Delegates  of  Virginia,  and  served  ten 
years.  In  1829  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  to  amend  the  State  Constitution, 
and  from  1831  to  1837  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress.  In  1837  he  was  ap 
pointed  Navy  Agent  at  Norfolk,  and,  with 
the  exception  of  two  years,  he  occupied 
that  position  until  the  breaking  out  of 
the  Rebellion. 


Lucas,  Edward.— Ho  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  Slate,  from  1833  to 
1837.  He  was  subsequently  appointed 
Government  Superintendent  at  Harper's 
Ferry,  where  he  died  March  4,  1858. 

Lucas,  John  B.  C. — He  was  born  in 
Normandy,  France,  in  1762 ;  was  educated 
at  the  University  of  Caen,  where  he  grad 
uated  as  Doctor  of  Civil  and  Common 
Law  in  1782.  He  practised  his  profession 
in  his  native  country  two  years,  and  then 
emigrated  to  the  United  States,  and  set 
tled  on  a  farm  near  Pittsburg,  Pennsyl 
vania,  where,  in  connection  with  agricul 
tural  pursuits,  he  devoted  himself  to 
acquiring  the  English  language,  and  mak 
ing  himself  acquainted  with  the  history, 
constitution,  and  laws  of  his  adopted 
country.  He  soon  gained  the  confidence 
of  the  people,  and  in  1792  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
served  as  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  for  his  District.  In  1802  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
and  re-elected  in  1804.  In  1805  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Jefferson,  Judge 
of  the  United  States  Court  in  Upper 
Louisiana,  when  he  resigned  his  seat  in 
Congress,  and  removed  to  St.  Louis.  He 
was  also  Commissioner  of  Land  Titles  in 
that  Territory.  He  held  the  office  of 
Judge  until  1820,  when  he  retired  to 
private  life,  on  a  farm  adjoining  the  City 
of  St.  Louis,  where  he  died  in  September, 
1842. 

Lucas,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1841,  and  for  a  second  term,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

LumpJein,  John  JET. — He  was  born 
in  Oglethorpe  County,  Georgia,  June  13, 
1812;  he  was  educated  at  Franklin  and 
Yale  Colleges ;  served  for  a  time  as  Sec 
retary  in  the  Executive  Department  of 
Georgia ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1834;  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature  in  1853;  in  1838  he  was 
Solicitor-General  of  the  Cherokee  Circuit ; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Georgia,  from  1843  to  1849,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 
He  also  held  the  office,  for  three  years,  of 
Judge  of  the  Cherokee  Circuit  Court,  and 
that  of  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State.  Died  in  Rome,  Georgia,  in 
1860. 

LumpTcin,  Wilson.—  Born  in  Pitt- 
sylvania  County,  Virginia,  January  14, 
1783.  He  received  a  common-school  edu 
cation,  and  while  engaged  as  a  copying- 
clerk,  in  his  father's  office,  studied  law. 
Soon  after  attaining  the  age  of  twenty- 
one,  he  was  sent  to  the  State  Legislature, 
and  continued  in  that  capacity  a  uuinOer 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


245 


of  years.  He  was  twice  elected  Governor 
of  Georgia.  In  1823  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Monroe,  to  mark  out  the 
boundary  line  between  Georgia  and  Flor 
ida;  and  by  President  Jackson,  was 
appointed  a  Commissioner,  under  the 
Cherokee  treaty  of  1835.  He  was  also 
a  member  of  the  Board  of  Public  Works. 
He  served  in  the  Federal  House  of  Rep 
resentatives,  from  1815  to  1817,  and  from 
1827  to  1831 ;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1837  to  1841. 

Lille,  Aaron. — He  was  a  soldier  in 
the  Revolution,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1809 
to  1817.  Died  September  24,  1825. 

Lyman,  Joseph  S.— He  was  born  in 
Hamdeu,  Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from.  New  York, 
from  1819  to  1821. 

Lyman,  Samuel.— He  was  a  grad 
uate  of  Yale  College  in  1770;  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1795  "to  1800;  when  he  re 
signed.  From  1786  to  1788  he  served  in 
the  Legislature,  and  from  1790  to  1793 
as  State  Senator.  Died  in  1802. 

Lyman,  William.  —  A  native  of 
Northampton,  Massachusetts;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1776,  and  was  Brig 
adier-General  of  Militia.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  1793  to 
1797;  and  appointed  Consul  to  London  in 
1805,  where  he  died,  October  1811,  aged 
about  fifty-eight  years.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  in  1787,  and  a 
State  Senator  in  1789. 

Lynch,  John.— He  was  born  in  Port 
land',  Maine,  February  15, 1825;  educated 
in  the  public  schools  of  that  city;  adopted 
the  business  of  a  merchant;  served  two 
terras  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Maine,  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Banking  and  Currency, 
and  the  Bankrupt  Law.  Re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads. 

Lynch,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1774  to  1776,  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  son,  bearing  the 
same  name,  who  signed  the  Declaration 
of  Independence. 

Lynch,  Jr. ,  TJiomas.— He  was  born 
on  the  North  Santee  River,  Parish  of 
Prince  George,  Soutli  Carolina,  August  5, 
1749;  was  educated  at  Eton,  England, 
and  entered  at  Cambridge  and  finished 
his  legal  studies  in  the  Temple;  he  re 
turned  home,  determined  to  strike  for 
liberty ;  in  1775  he  was  commissioned  a 
Captain  in  the  Militia  service;  in  1776  he 


was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  to  succeed  his  father  in  that 
capacity,  and  he  was  a  signer  of  the  Dec 
laration  of  Independence.  In  1779  he 
sailed  for  Europe  for  the  benefit  of  his 
health,  and  the  vessel  in  which  he  em 
barked  was  never  seen  after  her  departure 
from  port. 

Lynde,  William  P.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Wisconsin, 
from  1848  to  1849. 

Lyon,  Asa.—W(is  born  in  Pomfret, 
Connecticut,  December  31,  1763;  a  grad 
uate  of  Dartmouth  College  in  1791,  and 
shortly  after  his  graduation,  removed  to 
Soutli  Hero,  Vermont.  He  was  appointed 
Chief  Judge  of  Grand  Isle  County,  in 
1805,  serving  as  such  for  nine  years.  Ho 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  South 
Hero,  in  1800,  1802,  1804,  1805,  1806,  and 
1808,  and  from  Grand  Isle  in  1810,  1811, 
1812,  1813,  and  1814.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Executive  Council  in  1808 ;  and 
was  elected  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
1815  to  1817.  Ho  was  a  member  of  the 
Corporation  of  the  University  of  Ver 
mont,  from  1814  to  1821  inclusive.  He  is 
said  to  have  been  a  second  cousin  of 
Robert  Burns,  the  Scotch  poet.  He  was 
for  many  years,  and  until  his  death,  an 
able  preacher  of  the  Gospel.  Although 
never  regularly  installed,  he  preferred  the 
Calvinistic  form  of  worship.  He  was 
distinguished  for  his  ripe  scholarship  and 
eloquence.  By  rigid  economy  and  pru 
dence,  he  amassed  wealth,  and  died  at 
South  Hero,  April  4,  1841.  HLs  published 
sermons  and  patriotic  addresses  indicate 
a  high  order  of  talent,  and  an  intimate 
acquaintance  with  modern  and  classic 
literature. 

Lyon,  Caleb,  of  Lyondale.  —  His 

grandfather,  who  bore  the  same  name, 
was  a  Lieutenant  of  the  Massachusetts 
Militia,  and  was  wounded  at  Bunker  Hill; 
and  his  father,  also  named  Caleb,  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  Legislature, 
and  a  friend  of  De  Witt  Clinton.  He  was 
born  in  Lyondale,  New  York,  December 
7,  1822 ;  graduated  at  the  Norwich  Uni 
versity  of  Vermont,  in  1841;  travelled 
extensively  in  Europe ;  was  appointed  by 
President  Polk,  Consul  at  Shanghai,  Chi 
na;  on  his  return  he  visited  Mexico,  Bra 
zil,  Chili,  Peru,  the  Sandwich  Islands,  and 
California,  and  was  Secretary  of  the  Con 
vention  called  in  1849  to  form  a  Consti 
tution,  and  designed  the  coat  of  arms  for 
the  Golden  State.  He  made  a  second 
visit  to  Europe,  and  extended  his  travels 
to  Egypt  and  the  Holy  Land.  From  his 
native  State  he  was  elected  to  the  Assem 
bly,  but  on  the  question  of  enlarging  the 
Erie  Canal,  which  he  favored,  he  re 
signed,  and  was,  during  the  same  year, 
elected  to  the  State  Senate ;  and  was  sub 
sequently  elected  a  Representative  in  tho 


246 


EIOGEAPIIICAL    EECOBDS. 


Thirty-third  Congress  from  New  York. 
While  in  Europe  he  was  identified  with 
the  Koszta  affair  as  the  friend  of  Captain 
Duncan  N.  Ingrahara.  The  title  of  LL.D. 
was  conferred  upon  him  by  the  Norwich 
University  of  Vermont.  In  February, 
1864,  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Liu- 
coin,  Governor  of  Idaho;  and  on  his  re 
turn  to  Washington  in  December,  18G6, 
he  was  robbed  on  the  railway  from  New 
York,  of  $47,000. 

Lyon,  Chittenden.—lle  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1827  to  1835,  and  died  in  Caldwell 
County,  Kentucky,  in  November,  1842. 
He  was  the  son  of  Mathew  Lyon. 

Lyon,  Francis  S. — He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  and  having  settled  in 
Alabama,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1835  to  1839. 

Lyon,  Lucius. — He  was  born  in  Ver 
mont,  but  emigrated  to  Michigan  when 
quite  a  young  man ;  devoted  himself  for  a 
number  of  years  to  the  business  of  survey 
ing  the  wild  lands  of  the  Territory ;  was  a 
Delegate  in  Congress,  from  that  Territory, 
during  the  years  1833,  1834,  and  1835; 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  the  State 
of  Michigan,  from  183G  to  1840;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1843  to 
1845.  His  last  public  position  was  that  of 
Surveyor-General  in  the  North-west.  Died 
at  Detroit,  September  25,  1851. 

Lyon,  Matheiv.—H.Q  was  born  in 
Wicklow  County,  Ireland,  in  1746,  and, 
having  emigrated  to  this  country  when 
thirteen  years  of  age,  participated  to  some 
extent  in  the  Revolutionary  struggle,  hav 
ing,  in  1777,  been  appointed  temporary 
Paymaster  of  the  Northern  army,  and  in 
1778,  Deputy  Secretary  of  the  Governor  of 
Vermont,  and  at  the  same  time  Clerk  of  the 
Court  of  Confiscation.  He  settled  in  Ver 
mont  after  the  war,  and  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1799 
and  the  three  following  years.  In  1783  he 
founded  the  town  of  Fairhaven,  where  he 
built  saw-mills,  grist-mills,  established  a 
forge  or  iron  foundry,  manufactured  paper 
from  basswood,  and  established  a  news 
paper  called  "  The  Farmers'  Library."  He 
served  that  town  in  the  Legislature  ten 
years.  In  1786  he  was  Assistant  Judge  of 
Rutland  County.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  Vermont,  from  1799  to 
1801,  and  it  was  during  his  first  term  that 
he  had  a  personal  difficulty,  on  the  floor  of 
Congress,  with  Roger  Griswold,  of  Con 
necticut,  when  an  unsuccessful  effort  was 
made  to  have  him  expelled.  The  fact  of 
his  giving  the  vote  that  made  Jefferson 
President,  is  well  known.  At  the  end  of 
his  second  term  as  a  Representative  from 
Vermont,  he  removed  to  Kentucky,  served 
two  years  in  the  Legislature  of  that  State, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 


from  that  State,  from  1803  to  1811.  After 
his  final  retirement  from  Congress,  and 
on  November  13,  1811,  the  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  presented  a  pe 
tition  from  him,  setting  forth  that  he  had, 
many  years  before,  been  prosecuted  and 
convicted  under  the  sedition  law  (see 
"  State  Trials  of  the  United  States  " ;)  that 
he  had  suffered  imprisonment,  and  been 
made  to  pay  the  sum  of  $1,000.90,  and  that 
he  wished  to  have  the  money  refunded  to 
him.  On  July  4,  1840,  a  law  was  passed, 
paying  to  his  heirs  the  specified  sum,  with 
interest,  from  February,  1790.  It  was 
while  in  prison  at  Vergeunes,  that  he  was 
elected  to  Congress  from  Vermont,  and  at 
the  close  of  his  services  in  Congress,  from 
Kentucky,  he  was  employed  to  build  gun 
boats  for  the  war,  but  became  bankrupt 
from  the  speculation.  In  1820  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Factor  among  the  Cherokee  In 
dians  in  Arkansas ;  when  that  Territory 
was  organized,  he  was  elected  the  first 
Delegate  to  Congress,  but  did  not  live  to 
take  his  seat,  having  died  at  Spadru  Bluff, 
Arkansas,  August  1,  1822. 

Lytle,  Robert  T.—  He  was  distin 
guished  as  a  public  speaker,  and  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1833 
to  1835.  He  died  in  New  Orleans,  Decem 
ber  21,  1839. 

MacDonald,  Moses.— -Born  in  Lim 
erick,  York  County,  Maine,  April  8,  1815; 
practised  law  from  1837  to  1845 ;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  in 
1841  and  1842.  In  1845  he  was  Speaker 
of  the  House.  In  1847,  1848,  and  1849 
served  as  Treasurer  of  the  State ;  repre 
sented  the  First  Congressional  District  in 
the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty- third  Con 
gresses,  and  in  April,  1857,  was  appointed, 
by  President  Buchanan,  Collector  for  the 
District  of  Portland  and  Falmouth. 

Mace,  Daniel.— lie  was  born  in  Pick- 
away  County,  Ohio,  September  5,  1S11 ; 
received  a  limited  education,  and  worked 
on  a  farm  until  he  became  of  age ;  and 
having  read  law  in  Indiana,  entered  upon 
the  practice  of  the  profession  to  which  he 
was  long  devoted.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Indiana  Legislature  in  1836 ;  Clerk  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  in  1837; 
served  as  United  States  Attorney  for  Indi 
ana  during  President  Polk's  administra 
tion;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Indiana  from  1851  to  1855,  as  a  Dem 
ocrat,  and  from  1855  to  1857  as  an  Inde 
pendent  Candidate,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  the  District  of  Columbia  and 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Post 
Office  and  Post  Roads.  On  retiring  from 
his  profession  he  was  appointed  by  Presi 
dent  Lincoln  Postmaster  of  Lafayette, 
Indiana.  He  died  by  suicide  at  Lafayette, 
Indiana,  July  26,  1867. 

Machir,  James.— Ke  was  a  Rep  re- 


BIQGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


247 


sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1797  to  1799.  Died  June  25,  1827. 

Maclanahan,  James  X.— He  was 

born  in  Antrim,  Franklin  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1809  ;  graduated  at  Dickinson 
College  in  1826;  lie  studied  law  and  set 
tled  in  Chambersburg;  in  1841  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate ;  and  in  1849  he 
was  elected  to  Congress ;  re-elected  in 
1851 ;  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  the  Judiciary.  Died  about  the  year 
1864. 

Maclay,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1795  to  1797,  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1803  to  1808,  when  he  resigned. 

Maclay,  William. — He  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1789  to  1791,  and  died  in  April,  1804.  In 
1797  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector,  and 
was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating 
the  Scat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 

Maclay,  William.— lie  was  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania ;  held  the  offices  of  County 
Commissioner  and  Associate  Judge ;  was 
a  member  of  the  Assembly ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1815  to  1817,  and  again  from  1817  to 
1819.  Died  January  4, 1825,  aged  fifty-nine 
years. 

Maclay,  William  B.— Born  in  New 
York  City 'in  1815;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  New  York,  where  he  subse 
quently  officiated  for  a  time  as  Professor 
of  Latin ;  he  was  also  a  Trustee,  as  well 
as  Secretary  of  the  University;  he  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  the  law;  and  in  183G 
he  was  associate  editor  of  the  "  New 
York  Quarterly  Magazine."  He  was  also 
an  active  member  of  the  Legislature  of 
New  York  for  several  years  and  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  in  1843;  was  re-elected  in  1845, 
1847,  and  also  in  1857,  serving  generally 
on  important  committees.  He  was  re- 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress ;  and  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "National  Union  Con 
vention  "of  1866. 

Maclay,  William  JR.— He  was  born 
in  Northumberland  County,  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1816  to  1821,  having 
first  entered  Congress  for  the  unexpired 
term  of  Thomas  Buruside. 

Macon,  Nathaniel. — He  was  born 
in  Warren  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1757. 
His  early  youth  was  marked  by  diligence 
in  the  acquisition  of  knowledge,  and  he 
was  sent  to  Princeton  College  to  complete 
his  education ;  but  the  troubles  of  the  Rev 
olution  closed  the  halls  of  that  institution, 
and  he  returned  home  and  volunteered  as 


a  private  in  a  company  commanded  by  his 
brother,  having  refused  a  higher  position. 
While  in  the  army  he  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber  of  the  General  Assembly,  in  which  ho 
served  for  several  years.  In  1791  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  and 
continued  a  member  of  that  body  until 
transferred  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
in  1815,  where  he  served  until  1828.  From 
1801  to  1805  he  was  Speaker  of  the  House, 
and  from  1825  to  1828  he  was  President 
prtitem.  of  the  Senate.  He  was  for  thirty- 
seven  years  a  member  of  the  House  or 
Senate,  and  was  called  the  Father  of  the 
House,  having  served  a  longer  time  in 
that  body  than  any  other  man.  In  1828  his 
native  State,  in  honor  of  his  services, 
named  a  county  for  him.  He  afterwards 
returned  to  the  Genei'al  Assembly,  and  in 
1835  was  President  of  the  "Constitutional 
Convention  "  of  the  State.  He  was  also  a, 
Presidential  Elector  in  1836.  Died  sud 
denly  at  his  residence,  June  29,  1837. 

Macy,  .John  B.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Wisconsin, 
from  1853  to  1855.  He  resided  at  Fond 
du  Lac,  and  was  lost,  September  24,  by 
the  burning  of  the  steamboat  Niagara,  oil 
Lake  Michigan. 

McAllister,  Archibald. — He  was 

born  in  Dauphin  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1814;  and,  having  settled  in  Blair  County, 
was  for  thirty-three  years  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  iron.  In  1862  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 

McArthur,  Duncan.— He  was  born 
in  Duchess  County,  New  York,  in  1772. 
When  he  was  eight  years  of  age  he  re 
moved  with  his  father  to  Pennsylvania, 
and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  he  volunteered 
in  defence  of  the  frontier  settlements  of 
Ohio,  against  the  Indians.  He  studied 
surveying,  and  acquired  great  wealth  iu 
the  business  of  buying  and  selling  lands,  in 
addition  to  surveying  them.  In  1805  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  and  iu 
1806  was  appointed  Colonel,  and  in  1808 
Major-General  of  the  State  Militia.  He 
performed  valuable  services  during  the 
war  of  1813,  in  which  he  held  a  General's 
commission,  and  although  elected  to  Con 
gress  in  1812,  declined  leaving  his  com 
mand;  in  1815  was  again  a  member  of  the 
Legislature,  and  1816  was  appointed  Com 
missioner  to  conclude  Treaties  with  the 
Indians;  from  1817  to  1819  was  in  the 
Legislature,  and  Speaker  of  the  House  in 
1817.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1823  to  1825,  and 
in  1830  was  chosen  Governor  of  the  State, 
which  position  he  held  until  1833,  and 
while  in  that  service  met  with  an  accident, 
from  the  effects  of  which  he  never  re 
covered. 


248 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


McBride,  John  R.  —  Was  born  in 
Franklin  County,  Missouri,  August  22, 
1832;  emigrated  to  Oregon  in  1846;  in 
1854  he  was  chosen  Superintendent  of 
Common  Schools ;  studied  law  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1855 ;  in  1857  he  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Convention  which  formed  the 
Oregon  State  Constitution ;  was  chosen  to 
the  State  Senate  for  four  years  after  its 
adoption ;  and  in  18G2  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Oregon,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Indian  Affairs. 

McCarthy,  Dennis.— He  was  born 
in  the  village  of  Saliiia,  now  within  the 
limits  of  Syracuse,  New  York,  March  19, 
1814;  received  a  common-school  and 
academical  education ;  turned  his  attention 
to  the  mercantile  business,  and  became  a 
manufacturer  of  salt;  in  1846  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature;  in  1853 
he  was  Mayor  of  Syracuse,  and,  after  hold 
ing  various  other  positions  of  trust  and 
honor,  was  elected  in  18G6  a  Representa 
tive  from  New  York  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  For 
eign  Affairs,  and  Roads  and  CauaLs. 

McCarty,  Andrew  Z. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Assembly  in  1848. 

McCarty,  JonatJian.—W&s  a  native 
of  Tennessee,  but  removed,  with  his  father, 
at  an  early  age  to  Indiana.  He  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  wa.s  for  a  time 
Clerk  of  the  Circuit  or  County  Court  at 
Conuersvile.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1831  to  1837. 
He  left  Indiana  for  Iowa,  where  he  died  in 
1855. 

McCarty,  Richard.— Was  born  in 
Albany,  New  York,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1821  to  1823. 

McCarty,  William  M.—TLe  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1840  to  1841. 

McCauslen,  William  C.—  He  was 

born  in  Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

McClean,  Moses. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847. 

McClellan,  Abraham.  —  He  was 
born  in  Tennessee,  and  was  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1843. 

McClellan,  Robert.— He  was  a  na 


tive  of  Schoharie  County,  New  York,  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1837  to  1839,  and  again  from 
1841  to  1843.  Died  in  1860,  aged  fifty-flve 
years. 

McClelland,  Robert.  —  Born  in 
Franklin  Count}',  Pennsylvania,  in  1807. 
He  graduated  at  Dickinson  College ;  prac 
tised  law  for  a  year  or  so  in  Pittsburg, 
and  in  1833  removed  to  Michigan,  and 
established  himself  at  Monroe.  He  served 
for  several  years  in  the  Legislature  of  that 
State;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1843  to  1849.  He  was  Gover 
nor  of  Michigan,  in  1852  and  1853 ;  and  in 
1853  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the  In 
terior  Department,  by  President  Pierce, 
the  duties  of  which  position  be  performed 
until  1857.  He  subsequently  settled  in 
Detroit  and  practised  his  profession  there. 

McClenachan,  Blair.— He   was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1797  to  1799. 

McClene,  James. —He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  tlie  Continen 
tal  Congress,  from  1778  to  1780. 

McClernand,  John  A.—  Born  in 
Breckenridge  County,  Kentucky,  May  30, 
1812;  brought  up  at  Shawneetown,  Illi 
nois,  and  had  only  the  advantages  of  a 
common-school  education.  He  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832, 
and  served  as  a  private,  but  with  credit, 
in  the  Black  Hawk  war.  He  established 
the  first  Democratic  press  in  Shawnee 
town,  and  edited  his  paper  and  practised 
law  until  1843,  when  he  was  elected  to 
Congress  from  Illinois,  and  served  as  a 
Representative  until  1851.  He  had  also, 
before  going  to  Congress,  been  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature.  In  1859  he  was 
again  elected  to  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Claims.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  but  resigned  to 
accept  the  commission  of  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  in  the  Union  army  in  1861.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Na 
tional  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

McClurg,  Joseph  W.—  Born  in  St. 
Louis  County,  Missouri,  February  22, 1818 ; 
received  a  good  education,  chiefly  at  Ox 
ford  College,  Ohio ;  in  his  seventeenth 
year  he  went  t6  Louisiana  and  Mississippi, 
and  spent  nearly  two  years  as  a  teacher; 
went  to  Texas  in  1841,  where  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  was  Clerk  of  the 
Circuit  Court;  in  1844  he  settled  in  Mis 
souri  as  a  merchant ;  when  the  Rebellion 
broke  out  his  interests  suffered  greatly 
from  the  plunder  of  the  Rebels ;  took  part 
in  the  war  as  Colonel  of  the  Osago  Regi 
ment  of  Infantry,  and  also  of  a  Cavalry 
Regiment;  was  a  member  of  the  Missouri 
"  State  Convention "  in  1862,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Missouri, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


249 


to  tlic  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Territories.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  "  Baltimore  Convention" 
of  1864.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  Death  of  President  Lincoln,  Elections, 
and  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Southern  Railroads.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Con 
vention  "of  18GG;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress. 

McComas,  William.— Was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1837",  and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Manufactures. 

McComb,  Eleaser.—He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
Delaware,  from  1782  to  1784. 

McConnell,  Felix  G.—  Was  a  native 
of  Lincoln  County,  Tennessee,  but  re 
moved  in  1824  to  Talladega  County,  Ala 
bama.  He  was  brought  up  a  mechanic, 
but  subsequently  adopted  the  profession 
of  law.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to  1846. 
He  died,  by  his  own  hand,  in  Washington, 
District  of  Columbia,  September,  1846, 
aged  thirty-six. 

McCord,  Andretv.—He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly,  during  the 
years  1800, 1801, 1802,  and  1807,  part  of  the 
time  Speaker;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1803  to 
1805. 

McCorJcle,  Joseph   7F.  —  He   was 

born  in  Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  California,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

McCormicJc,  James  JR.— Born  in 
Washington  County,  Missouri,  August, 
1824 ;  received  a  common-school  education, 
and  in  1849  received  the  degree  of  M.D. ; 
he  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  State 
Convention  of  1861 ;  in  1862  to  the  State 
Senate ;  served  as  a  Brigadier-General  of 
Militia,  in  1863,  and  was  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  a  Surgeon  in  the  army 
which  he  resigned ;  was  again  elected  to 
the  State  Senate  in  1866 ;  and  Avas  elected 
a  Representative  from  Missouri  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Private  Land  Claims. 

McCoy,  Robert. — He  resided  at  one 
time  in  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  and  held 
several  public  positions  in  that  State,  such 
as  Brigadier-General  of  Militia  and  Canal 
Commissioner.  He  was  a  member  of  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1831  to 
1833,  and  died  at  Wheeling,  Virginia,  June 
7,  1849. 

McCoy,  William.— lie  was  born  in 


Augusta  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1811  to  1833. 

McCrate,  John  D.— He  was  born  in 
Wiscasset  about  1800;  graduated  at  Bow- 
doin  College  in  1819;  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  from  1831  to  1836;  Collector 
of  Customs  at  Wiscasset,  from  1836  to 
1841 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maine,  from  1845  to  1847. 

McCreary,  John.— He  was  born  in 
Chester  District,  South  Carolina,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1821. 

McCreary,    William. — He   was    a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1803  to  1809. 

McCreedy,    William.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1829  to  1831. 

McCreery,   Thomas  C.  —  He  was 

born  in  Kentucky  in  1817;  studied  law, 
but,  instead  of  practising  the  profession, 
turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pur 
suits  ;  was  a  Presideutal  Elector  in  1852 ; 
a  visitor  to  the  West  Point  Academy  in 
1858 ;  and  in  1868  he  was  elected  a  Senator, 
in  Congress,  in  the  place  of  James  Guthrie 
resigned,  and  his  term  will  expire  in  1871. 

McCulloch,  George. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1840  to 
1841. 

McCulloch,  John.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

McCulloch,  Thomas  G.—Ile  was 
born  in  Franklin  County,  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1820  to  1822,  for  the 
unexpired  term  of  D.  Fullerton. 

McCullougJi,    Sir  am.  —  He    was 

born  in  Cecil  County,  Maryland,  Septem 
ber  20,  1813;  educated  at  the  Elkton 
Academy ;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1838 ;  was  elected  to  the  Mary 
land  Senate  in  1845,  and  re-elected  in 
1846,  serving  as  such  until  the  adoption 
of  the  Constitution  of  1851 ;  in  the  winter 
of  1852-'53  he  was  appointed  by  the  Legis 
lature  one  of  the  Codillers  of  the  laws  of 
Maryland,  and  aided  in  making  the  pres 
ent  code  of  that  State.  He  also  held  va 
rious  offices  of  trust  and  responsibility 
connected  with  the  courts,  and  the  town 
and  county  of  his  residence ;  and  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Maryland 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  the  District  of  Colum- 


250 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


bia.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  011  his  old  committee,  and  on  that 
on  Accounts. 

McDonald,  Joseph  E.—  Born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1851. 

McDougall,  Alexander.— B.Q  was 

a  Delegate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Conti- 
nentarCongress  from  1781  to  1782,  and 
again  in  1784  and  1785.  He  served  as 
a  Major-General  in  the  Continental  army, 
having  been  appointed  to  that  office  in 
1777;  and  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  from  January,  1784,  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  June  9,  1786. 

McDougall,  James  A.—  Was  born 
in  Bethlehem,  Albany  County,  New  York, 
Nove'mber  19,  1817;  received  his  educa 
tion  at  the  Albany  grammar  school ;  as 
sisted  in  the  survey  of  the  first  railway 
ever  built  in  this  country,  that  of  Albany 
and  Schenectady;  studied  law,  and  adopt 
ed  that  professiou;  removed  to  Tike 
County,  Illinois,  in  1837 ;  in  1842  he  was 
chosen  Attorney-General  of  Illinois ;  re- 
elected  in  1844;  ill  1849  he  originated  and 
accompanied  an  exploring  expedition  to 
Rio  del  Norte,  the  Gila,  and  Colorado ;  he 
afterwards  emigrated  to  California,  and 
followed  his  profession  at  San  Francisco ; 
in  1850  was  elected  Attorney-General  of 
California ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  California,  from  1853  to  1855, 
declining  a  renomination ;  and  in  1861  he 
was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  for 
six  years,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Finance  and  Naval  Affairs,  and  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  the  Pacific 
Railroad.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention"  of  1864,  and  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866.  Died  at  Albany,  Septem 
ber  3,  1867. 

McDowell,  James. — He  was  born 
in  Rockbridge  County,  Virginia,  in  1796, 
and  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in 
1817.  He  was  Governor  of  Virginia  from 
1842  to  1845,  and  from  1845  to  1851  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  the 
Eleventh  Congressional  District  of  Vir 
ginia.  In  1846  his  Alma  Mater  conferred 
on  him  the  degree  of  LL.D.  He  was  an 
eloquent  speaker,  an  upright  man,  and  a 
true  patriot.  He  died  near  Lexington, 
Virginia,  August  24,  1851. 

McDowell,  James  Foster.— Born 
in  Mifflin  County,  Pennsylvania,  Decem 
ber  3,  1825;  went  with  his  parents  to 
Ohio  in  1835 ;  served  for  a  time  in  a  print 
ing-office,  during  which  apprenticeship  he 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  his 
twenty-first  year,  and  his  first  office  was 
that  of  County  Attorney.  In  1851  he  set 
tled  in  Indiana,  and  established  the 
"Marion  Journal ;"  was  Presidential  Elect 


or  in  1852 ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Indiana,  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Invalid  Pensions. 

McDowell,  Joseph. — Born  in  Win 
chester,  Virginia,  and  emigrated  with  his 
father  to  North  Carolina,  where  he  took 
an  active  part  in  the  military  operations 
of  the  time,  and  was  at  the  battle  of 
King's  Mountain.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  House  of  Commons  from  1782  to  1788, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1793  to  1795,  and  again  from  1797  to 
1799. 

McDoivell,    Joseph   J.  —  He  was 

born  in  North  Carolina,  and,  on  removiug 
to  Kentucky,  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847. 

McDuffle,  George. — He  was  born  in 
Columbia  County,  Georgia,  in  1788;  was 
for  a  time  a  clerk  in  Augusta ;  graduated 
at  the  South  Carolina  College  in  1813; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  served  a 
number  of  years  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
was  a  Trustee  of  his  Alma  Mater;  a 
Major  of  Militia;  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  in  1821,  and  served  until  1835,  when 
he  was  chosen  Governor  of  the  State.  In 
1843  he  was  elected  a  Senator  of  the 
United  States,  but  was  compelled  by  ill 
health  to  resign  that  station  before  the 
expiration  of  his  term  of  office.  His  ill 
health  was  partly  the  result  of  a  duel, 
which  he  fought  in  Augusta,  Georgia,  with 
Colonel  dimming,  in  which  he  was  wound 
ed.  He  was  a  co-worker  and  friend  of 
Calhoun  and  Hayne,  and  an  eloquent  de 
fender  of  the  peculiar  institutions  of  the 
South.  He  died  in  Sumter  District,  South 
Carolina,  March  11,  1851. 

McFarlan,  Duncan.  —  A  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1805  to  1807,  and  subsequently 
a  member  of  the  State  Senate  for  three 
years. 

McGaughey,   Edward    W.  —  He 

was  born  in  Indiana,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1845  to  1847,  and  for  another  term 
ending  in  1851.  Died  August  18,  1852. 

McHatton,    Robert.  —  He   was   a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1826  to  1829. 

McHenry,  James.  —  He  was  born 
about  the  year  1755 ;  was  liberally  educa 
ted;  adopted  the  profession  of  medicine, 
but  did  not  practise ;  served  in  the  Rev 
olutionary  struggle  as  an  Aide-de-Camp  to 
General  Washington,  and  also  to  General 
Lafayette ;  was  a  Delegate,  from  Mary- 
laud,  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


251 


1783  to  1786;  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  that  formed  the  Federal  Consti 
tution,  and  signed  that  instrument;  was 
Secretary  of  War  from  1796  to  1801,  hav 
ing  been  appointed  by  Washington  and 
continued  in  office  by  President  Adams ; 
but,  as  he  opposed  the  policy  of  the  Ex 
ecutive,  he  was  dismissed  from  the  cabi 
net  with  Timothy  Pickeriug. 

McHenry,  John  H. — He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1813  to 
1847. 

Mcllvaine,  Abraham  JR.  —Born 
at  Crurn  Creek,  Delaware,  August  14, 
1804.  He  was  bred  a  farmer,  in  which 
pursuit  he  was  eminently  successful ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1843  to  1849.  Died  in 
Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  August, 
1863. 

ftlcllvaine,  Joseph. — Was  born  in 
Bristol,  Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1768;  received  a  good  education,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  New  Jersey  in 
1791 ;  he  took  an  interest  in  military  mat 
ters,  and  in  1798  attained  the  rank  of  Cap 
tain  in  McPhersou's  Regiment  of  Blues; 
in  1800  he  was  elected  Clerk  of  Burling 
ton  County,  and  held  the  office  twenty- 
four  years ;  in  1801  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Jefferson,  Attorney  of  the 
United  States  for  New  Jersey,  which 
office  he  also  held  for  twenty  years;  in 
1804  he  was  appointed  Aide-de-Camp  of 
the  Governor  of  New  Jersey,  with  the 
title  of  Colonel;  in  1818  he  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  New  Jer 
sey,  but  declined  the  appointment;  and 
he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1823  to  1826,  having  died  in 
Burlington  on  the  19th  of  August  of  the 
latter  year.  He  was  a  man  of  high  char 
acter  and  great  influence. 

Mclndoe,  Walter  J>.— Was  born 
in  Scotland,  March  30,1819;  emigrated 
to  New  York  City  in  his  fifteenth  year ;  and 
was  a  clerk  in  a  large  mercantile  house ; 
followed  the  same  pursuit  in  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  and  in  St.  Louis,  Mis 
souri,  and  subsequently  settled  in  Wis 
consin,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business;  served  in  the  Wisconsin 
Legislature  in  1850,  1854,  and  1855 ;  was 
a  Presidential  Elector  in  1856  and  1860 ; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Wisconsin,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress  (in  place  of  Luther  Hanchett, 
deceased),  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Indian  Affairs  and  Revo 
lutionary  Pensions.  Re-elected  to  the. 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Pensions,  and  again  on  that  on  Indian 
Affairs.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 


Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
1866. 

Mclntire,  Rufus.  —  Born  in  York, 
County  of  York,  Maine,  December  19, 
1784  ;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion,  and,  by  teaching  for  two  or  three 
years,  acquired  the  means  to  fit  himself 
for  college  at  South  Berwick  Academy, 
and  graduated  at  Dartmouth  in  1809.  He 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice 
in  1812.  In  the  mean  time  war  was  de 
clared,  and  he  was  appointed  Captain  of 
Militia,  and  remained  in  service  on  the 
frontier  until  peace  was  declared,  after 
which  he  returned  to  the  practice  of  his 
profession  at  York.  He  represented  that 
town  in  the  "  Brunswick  Convention  ;  " 
and,  after  the  separation  from  Massachu 
setts,  he  was  a  Representative  in  the 
Legislature  at  its  first  session;  he  was 
then  appointed  County  Attorney,  which 
office  he  held  till  elected  to  Congress  as 
Representative  of  Maine,  serving  from 
1827  to  1835.  In  1826  he  was  a  Commis 
sioner  for  settling  the  boundary  line  of 
his  State,  and  in  1836  was  a  member  of 
the  Legislature,  and  was  appointed  Land- 
Agent  for  two  years  in  1839.  He  was 
subsequently  United  States  Marshal  for 
Maine,  and  Surveyor  of  the  port  of  Port 
land  four  years.  He  was  connected  with 
two  or  three  academies  as  overseer,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Overseers 
of  Bowdoin  College.  Died  in  Partons- 
field,  April  28,  1866. 


,  James  J.  —  Born  in  Bladen 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1793.  He  was 
bred  to  the  law  and  served  from  1815  to 
1831  in  the  State  Senate,  and  was  at  one 
time  United  States  District  Attorney.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1831  to  1849,  and  was  for  a  time  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  of  Ways  and  Means. 
At  the  "  Baltimore  Convention,"  in  1848, 
which  nominated  Lewis  Cass  for  Presi 
dent,  he  received  the  vote  of  the  Noith 
Carolina  delegation  as  candidate  for  Vice- 
President.  He  died  in  Golclsborough, 
North  Carolina,  September  14,  1853. 

McILean,  James  Bedell.  —  Born  in 
Hoosic,  Rensselaer  County,  New  York, 
August  5,  1821  ;  during  his  youth  he  worked 
upon  his  father's  farm  in  Saratoga  County, 
receiving  his  education  chiefly  from  the 
district  school  and  academies;  taught 
school  for  a  time,  and  became  a  school 
Superintendent  for  the  town  where  he 
lived  ;  served  one  term  as  a  Professor  in 
Jonesville  Academy  ;  was  a  Colonel  of 
Infantry  ;  he  studied  law  and  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1849;  in  1854  he  was 
elected  County  Judge  for  Saratoga  Coun 
ty  for  four  years;  and  in  1858  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  New  York 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  State  Department.  Re-elected 


252 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Expend 
itures  in  the  State  Department  and  on  the 
Committee  on  Elections,  as  he  had  done  in 
the  previous  Congress.  In  1861  he  raised 
the  77th  Regiment  of  N.  Y.  Volunteers  and 
commanded  it  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

McKean,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Huutington  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1823  to  1829  and  a 
Senator  of  the  United  States  from  1833  to 
1839.  He  died  June  23,  1840,  in  McKean 
County.  He  was  a  man  of  talent  and  in 
fluence. 

McKean,  Thomas.—  Born  in  Ches 
ter  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  19, 1734 ; 
received  a  liberal  education  and  adopted 
the  profession  of  law.  In  17G2  he  was 
elected  to  the  Delaware  Assembly,  and 
continued  in  that  station  for  eleven  years; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  New  York  Congress 
in  1765 ;  while  holding  the  office  of  Chief 
Justice  in  Pennsylvania,  he  was  elected  a 
Delegate,  from  Delaware,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1774  to  1776,  and 
from  1778  to  1783;  was  a  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence  and  of  the 
Articles  of  Confederation ;  was  Judge  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  Delaware-; 
he  served  in  the  army  as  a  Colonel ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  to  form  the 
Constitution  of  Delaware,  and  was  the 
author  of  that  instrument ;  he  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Convention  which  formed 
the  Constitution  of  Pennsylvania  in  1790; 
and  he  was  Governor  of  Pennsylvania  from 
1799  to  1808.  He  was  the  only  man  who 
served  through  all  the  sessions  of  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  and  was  President  of 
that  body  in  1781.  Died  in  Philadelphia, 
June  24,  1817,  leaving  a  high  reputation 
for  patriotism  and  ability. 

McE.ee,  John. — He  was  born  in  Rock- 
bridge  County,  Virginia,  and  was  at  one 
time  a  Government  Agent  among  the 
Choctaw  Indians,  also  a  Commissioner  for 
settling  the  boundary  line  of  Tennessee, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1823  to  1829. 

McKee,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1809  to  1817. 

McKee,  Samuel. — He  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  Kentucky,  Novem 
ber  4,  1833;  received  a  common-school 
education,  attending  school  in  winter, and 
Corking  upon  his  father's  farm  the  balance 
of  the  year ;  graduated  at  Miami  Univer 
sity,  Ohio,  in  1857,  and  also  at  the  Cincin 
nati  Law  School  in  1858,  since  which  time 
he  has  been  devoted  to  the  practice  of  law. 
He  served  in  the  Union  army  as  Captain 
of  the  Fourteenth  Kentucky  Cavalry  from 
1862  to  1864,  having  been  a  prisoner  in 


Libby  Prison  for  thirteen  months ;  and  in 
1865  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Claims,  Ex 
penses  in  the  Interior  Department,  and 
the  Special  Committee  on  the  Civil  Ser 
vice.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  18G6. 

McKennan,  Thomas  M.  T.—  He 

was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1831  to  1839,  and  from 
1841  to  1843,  and  died  at  Reading,  July  9 
1852. 

McKenty,  Jacob  K.—  He  was  born 
in  Douglassville,  Berks  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1827 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1848,  and  at  the  Yale  Law  School  in 
1850;  settled  in  Reading,  and  commenced 
the  practice  of  law  in  1851 ;  in  1856  he 
was  elected  District  Attorney  for  Berks 
County ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  for  the  unexpired  term  of  J. 
Swartz,  deceased.  Died  in  Douglassville, 
Berks  County,  January  3,  1866. 

McKeon,  John. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  educated  a  lawyer.  In 
1832,  1833,  and  1834  he  served  in  the  Leg 
islature  of  New  York,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1835  to  1837,  and  again  from  1841  to 
1843.  He  was  twice  appointed  United 
States  District  Attorney  for  the  Southern 
District  of  New  York.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Convention  "  of 
1864,  and  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

McKibbin,    Joseph    C.— He  was 

born  in  Pennsylvania;  and, having  taken 
up  his  residence  in  California,  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  that  State  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lands  and  on 
Private  Land  Claims. 

McKitn,  Alexander.— Born  in  1748, 
and  died  at  Baltimore,  January  18,  1832. 
He  was  a  member  of  Congress,  from 
Maryland,  from  1809  to  1815. 

McKim,  Isaac.— He  was  a  much  re 
spected  and  wealthy  merchant  of  Balti 
more  ;  a  member  of  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1823  to  1825,  and  again  from 
1835  to  1838;  and  died  in  Washington, 
April  1,  1838. 

McKinley,  John.— Born  in  Virginia ; 
removed  to  Kentucky,  thence  to  Alabama; 
and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Alabama,  from  1826  to  1837.  In  1837  he 
was  appointed  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States,  and  died  in 
Louisville,  Kentucky,  July  19,  1852. 

McKinley,    William.— He  was  a 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDSi 


253 


Representative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1810  to  1811. 

McKinney,  JoJin  F.—lle  was  born 

near  Piqua,  Ohio,  April  12,  1827 ;  spent 
his  boyhood  chiefly  on  a  farm ;  received  an 
academic  education,  and  spent  one  year 
at  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  University ;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  and  in  1802  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Unfinished  Business,  and 
on  the  Militia. 

McKissocJc,  Thomas.—  He  was  born 
in  Ulster  County,  New  York,  in  1798.  He 
received  a  classical  education ;  was  bred 
first  to  the  medical  and  aftervvatds  to  the 
legal  profession ;  was,  under  tiie  old  or 
ganization,  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  New  York;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1819  to  1851. 

McKnight,  Robert.— Earn  in  Pitts- 
burg,  Pennsylvania,  in  1820 ;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1839 ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842 ;  from 
1847  to  1849,  both  inclusive,  he  was  a 
member  of  the  City  Councils  of  Pittsburg, 
the  last  two  years  President  of  that  body; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Elections.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Foreign  Affairs,  and  on 
Public  Buildings. 

McLane,  Louis. — He  was  born  in 

Smyrna,  Kent  County,  Delaware,  May  28, 
1784.  When  twelve  years  of  age  he  was 
appointed  a  midshipman  in  the  navy,  on 
leaving  which,  in  1801,  he  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807 ;  iu 
1812  he  was  a  volunteer  in  a  company 
commanded  by  Caesar  H.  Rodney,  and 
marched  to  the  relief  of  Baltimore  when 
threatened  by  the  British.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Delaware, 
from  1817  to  1827;  and  was  chosen  by  the 
Legislature,  a  Senator  in  Congress  from 
1827  to  1829;  was  appointed  in  1829,  by 
President  Jackson,  Minister  to  England, 
where  he  remained  two  years,  and  in  1831 
he  received  the  appointment  of  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury ;  and  in  1833  that  of  Sec 
retary  of  State  under  President  Jackson. 
In  June,  1834,  he  retired  from  political 
"Tfl,  and  in  1837  was  chosen  President  of 
the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad  Company, 
and,  removing  to  Maryland,  discharged 
the  duties  of  that  office  until  1847.  During 
the  administration  of  President  Polk,  he 
accepted  the  mission  to  England  while  the 
Oregon  negotiations  were  pending;  after 
which  he  "returned  to  Maryland,  and  in 
1850  represented  Cecil  County  in  the  "State 
Constitutional  Convention,"  and  then  re 
tired  to  private  life.  He  held  a  high  rank 


as  a  statesman,  and  died  in  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  in  1847. 

McLane,  Robert  M.— Born  in  Del 
aware,  June  23,  1815;  was  educated  at 
Washington  College,  District  of  Colum 
bia,  and  at  St.  Mary's  College,  Baltimore; 
went  to  Europe  with  his  father,  Louis  Mc 
Lane,  in  1829,  and  on  his  return  entered  the 
West  Point  Academy,which  he  left  in  1837 ; 
he  served  as  an  army  officer  in  Florida, 
the  Cherokee  country,  and  in  the  North 
west  ;  in  1843  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
of  Baltimore ;  in  1845  and  1846  was  elected 
to  the  Maryland  Legislature;  and  from 
1847  to  1851  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  Maryland.  In  1852  he  was  a 
Presidential  Elector,  and  iu  1853  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Pierce,  Minister 
to  China,  and  on  his  return  resumed  the 
practice  of  his  profession  iu  Baltimore.  In 
March,  1859,  he  was  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Buchanan,  Minister  to  Mexico,  but 
resigned  in  November,  1860. 

McLean,  Alney. — He  was  born  in 
Burke  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1815  to  1817,  and  again  from 
1819  to  1821. 

McLean,  Finis  E. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

McLean,  J~ohn.  —  Born  in  Morris 
County,  New  Jersey,  in  1785.  Four  years 
after  his  birth  his  father  emigrated  with  his 
family  to  Virginia,  whence  he  removed  to 
Kentucky,  and  finally  settled  in  the  State 
of  Ohio.  Here  the  son  received  a  scanty 
education ;  and,  having  determined  to  pur 
sue  the  legal  profession,  he  engaged  at  the 
age  of  eighteen  to  write  -in  the  Clerk's 
office  at  Cincinnati,  in  order  to  maintain 
himself,  by  devoting  a  portion  of  his  time 
to  that  labor,  while  engaged  in  his  studies. 
In  1807  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
entered  upon  the  practice  of  the  law  at 
Lebanon.  Ohio.  In  1812  he  became  a  can 
didate  to  represent  his  district  in  Con 
gress,  and  was  elected  by  a  large  major 
ity.  He  professed  the  political  principles 
of  the  Democratic  party,  being  an  ardent 
supporter  of  the  war,  and  of  President 
Madison's  administration.  In  1814  he  was 
again  elected  to  Congress  by  a  unanimous 
vote,  —  a  circumstance  of  rare  occurrence, 
— and  remained  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  until  1816,  when,the  Leg 
islature  of  Ohio  having  elected  him  a 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State, 
he  resigned  his  seat  in  Congress  at  the 
close  of  the  session.  He  remained  six 
years  upon  the  Supreme  Bench  of  Ohio. 
In  1822  he  was  appointed  Commissioner 
of  the  General  Land  Office  by  President 
Monroe;  and  iu  1823  he  became  Poslmas- 


254 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


ter-General.  In  the  year  1829  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Jackson,  a  Justice 
of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court,  after 
he  had  refused  the  offer  of  the  War  and 
Navy  Departments.  He  entered  upon  the 
discharge  of  his  judicial  duties  at  the 
January  Terra  of  1830,  and  died  in  Cincin 
nati,  April  4,  1861. 

McLean,  John* — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  dur 
ing  the  years  1818  and  1819;  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1824  to  1825,  and  again  from  1829  to  1830, 
having  died  on  the  4th  of  October  of  the 
latter  year. 

McLean,  Samuel.  —He  was  elected 
a  Delegate  from  the  Territory  of  Monta 
na  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress. 

McLean,  William.— He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Morris  County,  New  Jersey;  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1823  to  1829,  and  died  at  Cincinnati, 
October  12,  1839.  He  was  a  brother  of 
Judge  McLean,  and  when  in  Congress  was 
mainly  instrumental  in  procuring  an  ap 
propriation  of  half  a  million  of  acres  of 
land  for  the  extension  of  the  Ohio  Canal 
from  Cincinnati  to  Cleveland.  After  his 
service  in  Congress  he  was  engaged  in 
business  in  Cincinnati. 

McLene,  Jeremiah.— He  was  born 
in  1767,  and  died  in  Washington  City, 
March  19,  1837.  He  was  for  twenty-one 
years  Secretary  of  State  of  Ohio,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1833  to  1837. 

McManus,  William. — He  was  born 
in  llonsselaer  County,  New  York,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1825  to  1827. 

McMullen,  Fayettc.—Re  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1855,  and  in  May,  1857,  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Buchanan,  Governor  of  the 
Territory  of  Washington. 

McNair,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania  in  1800,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1851  to  1855.  Died  at  Evansport, 
Prince  William  County,  Virginia,  in  Au 
gust,  1861. 

McNiel,  Archibald.—  Born  in  Cum 
berland  County,  North  Carolina;  entered 
the  House  of  Commons  in  1808 ;  re-elected 
in  1809 ;  served  in  the  State  Senate  in  1811 
and  1815,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from  1821 
to  1823,  and  again  from  1825  to  1827. 

McPherson,  Edward.  —  Born   in 


Gettysburg,  Adams  County,  Pennsylvania, 
July  31,  1830;  graduated  at  Pennsylvania 
College  in  1848 ;  devoted  some  attention 
to  the  printing  business,  and  edited  a  pa 
per  at  Harrisburg  in  1851,  and  for  several 
years  afterwards.  On  account  of  his  health 
he  subsequently  turned  his  attention  to 
agricultural  pursuits;  and  in  1858  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Penns3rlva- 
nia,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Public  Buildings 
and  Grounds,  and  Naval  Affairs.  He  has 
delivered  many  public  addresses  on  liter 
ary  and  other  topics,  and  is  the  author  of 
two  series  of  letters  touching  the  internal 
affairs  of  his  native  State.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Libra 
ry,  and  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Military  Affairs ;  and  in  1863  he  was  ap 
pointed  Deputy  Commissioner  of  the  Rev 
enue  in  the  Treasury  Department;  and  on 
the  meeting  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
he  was  elected  Clerk  of  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives,  and  re-elected  Clerk  for  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress.  During  his  last 
term  in  Congress  he  was  a  Regent  of  the 
Smithsonian  Institution.  He  was  also  a 
member  and  Secretary  of  the  "  Union  Na 
tional  Committee,"  from  1860  to  1864,  and 
was  re-elected  Clerk  of  the  House  for  the 
Fortieth  Congress.  In  1864  he  published 
"The  Political  History  of  the  United 
States  of  America  during  the  Great  Re 
bellion;  "also  "A  Political  Manual  for 
1866 ;  "  and  subsequently  devoted  much  of 
his  attention  to  forming  an  Analytical 
Collection  of  the  Political  Literature  of 
the  great  Rebellion,  consisting  of  pamph 
lets  and  newspapers,  which  has  been 
pronounced  unique  and  of  great  value.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866;  and  in 
1867  received  from  Pennsylvania  College 
the  degree  of  LL.D. 

McQueen,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Robinson  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1808. 
He  claimed  descent  in  a  direct  line  from 
the  heroic  Robert  Bruce  of  Scotland,  and 
his  father,  James  McQueen,  was  a  nephew 
of  the  celebrated  Flora  MacDonald.  He 
received  a  good  education  under  the  guid 
ance  of  an  elder  brother,  Rev.  A.  McQueen, 
who  was  a  graduate  of  the  Chapel  Hill 
University,  North  Carolina.  He  com 
menced  the  study  of  law  in  his  native 
State,  and  completed  his  course  of  study 
in  South  Carolina,  to  which  he  removed 
at  an  early  day.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1828,  and,  having  settled  in  Marl- 
borough  District,  he  there  commenced, 
and  has  ever  since,  as  his  public  calls 
have  permitted,  continued  the  practice  of 
his  profession  with  success.  During  the 
Nullification  times  of  1833  he  was  elected 
a  Colonel  of  the  State  Militia;  in  1834  a 
Brigadier-General;  and  in  1835  a  Major- 
General,  which  last  position  he  held  for 
ten  years,  and  then  resigned.  He  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


255 


elected  a  Representative  in  Congress  in 
1849,  and  was  a  member  down  to  the  Thir 
ty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  leading  com 
mittees.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress.  Withdrew  in  December,  I860, 
and  joined  the  Rebellion.  Died  at  Society 
Hill,  South  Carolina,  September  13,  1867. 

McRae,  John  J. — He  was  born  in 
Wayne  County,  Mississippi;  received  a 
good  education;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law ;  was  elected  frequentty  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  during  two  sessions  offi 
ciated  as  Speaker ;  was  also  elected  to  the 
State  Senate;  was,  in  1851,  by  appoint 
ment,  for  a  short  time  in  the  United  States 
Senate;  was  Governor  of  Mississippi  from 
1854  to  1858 ;  and  was  elected  to  the  sec 
ond  session  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
from  Mississippi,  as  the  successor  to  Gen 
eral  Quitman ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  Joined 
the  great  Rebellion  in  1861. 

McReady,  James.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1819  to  1821. 

McRoberts,  Samuel. —  He  was  a 

Senator  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  from 
1811  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which  oc 
curred  March  27, 1843,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
aged  about  forty  years.  He  was  a  native 
of  Illinois;  educated  at  Transylvania  Uni 
versity  ;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  held 
the  office  of  Judge  of  one  of  the  higher 
Courts ;  was  a  member  of  the  Illinois  Sen 
ate  ;  and  held  the  position  of  District  At 
torney  for  the  United  States  in  Illinois. 

Mcltuer,  Donald  C.—  He  was  born 
in  Maine  in  182G;  educated  at  public 
schools  and  academies ;  adopted  the  mer 
cantile  profession;  and,  having  emigrated 
to  California,  filled  the  oflice  of  Harbor 
Commissioner  for  that  State,  and  in  1864 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Cali 
fornia,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Public  Lands, 
and  the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads. 

McSherry,  James. — He  was  a  native 
of  Adams  County,  Pennsylvania ;  served 
twenty  years  in  the  Legislature  of  that 
State ;  was  a  Delegate  to  reform  the  Con 
stitution  of  the  same ;  and  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1821  to  1823.  Died  at  Littlestown,  Penn 
sylvania,  February  3,  1849. 

Me  Vean,  Charles. — He  was  born  at 
Johnstown,  New  York,  in  1802,  and  died 
in  the  City  of  New  York,  December  20, 
1848.  He  was  bred  to  the  law,  which  he 
practised  with  success  in  Montgomery 
County,  until  he  removed  to  New  York. 
He  held  the  office  of  Surrogate ;  served  as 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  1833 


to  1835 ;  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was 
District  Attorney  for  Southern  New  York. 

Me  Willie,  William.— lie  was  born 
in  Kershaw  District,  South  Carolina,  No 
vember  17,  1795 ;  graduated  at  the  South 
•Carolina  College  in  1817 ;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law ;  came  to  the  bar  in  1818 ; 
was  an  Adjutant  of  Militia;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  and  Senator  in  the  Legislature 
of  South  Carolina;  and,  on  removing  to 
Mississippi,  in  1845,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1849  to  1851.  He  was  also  President 
of  a  bank  for  several  years ;  and  elected 
Governor  of  the  State  in  1858. 

Madison,  James.— He  was  born  on 
the  Rappahannock  River,  in  Virginia, 
March  16,  1751;  and,  after  due  prepara 
tion,  he  entered  Princeton  College  in  1769, 
and  graduated  in  1771,  going  through  the 
junior  and  senior  studies  in  one  year.  He 
remained  at  the  College  until  1772,  for  the 
purpose  of  studying  Hebrew.  In  1776  he 
was  sent  to  the  General  Assembly,  and  in 
1778  was  a  member  of  the  Executive  Coun 
cil  ;  from  1779  to  1785  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Continental  Congress,  and  was  chosen 
a  second  time  in  1786 ;  he  was  a  member 
of  the  "  Convention  at  Philadelphia," 
which  formed  the  Federal  Cousitution, 
and  signed  that  instrument,  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  under  the  Constitution,  from  1789 
to  1797;  and  was  one  of  those  who  voted 
for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on 
the  Potomac.  In  1798  he  went  again  into 
the  Assembly,  and  in  1800  was  an  Elector 
for  President.  In  1801  he  was  Secretary 
of  State  of  the  United  States,  which  office 
he  held  until  1809,  when  he  was  elected 
President  of  the  United  States,  and  served 
two  entire  terms.  After  leaving  the  Ex 
ecutive  chair,  he  retired  to  private  life  on 
his  estate,  known  as  Montpelier.  He  was 
subsequently  a  Visitor  and  Rector  of  the 
University  of  Virginia;  and  in  1829  a  mem 
ber  of  the  "  State  Convention,"  which  was 
the  last  public  position  he  held.  He  was 
one  of  the  contributors  to  the  "  Federal 
ist,"  and  his  collected  State  papers  and 
miscellaneous  writings  have  been  pub 
lished  in  several  volumes ;  his  "  Report  of 
the  Debates  in  the  Federal  Convention 
of  1787  "  having  been  accepted  as  a  politi 
cal  text-book  of  great  value.  He  died  at 
Montpelier,  Orange  County,  Virginia, 
June  28,  1836,  and  a  work  on  his  Life  and 
Times  was  published  by  William  C.  Rives 
in  1861. 

Magee,  John.— He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to  1831. 

Magruder,  Allan  J5.— A  native  of 
Kentucky,  and  a  lawyer  by  profession.  He 
removed  to  Louisauia,  and  in  1805  pub- 


256 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


lished  "Reflections  on  the  Cession  of 
Louisiana  to  the  United  States; "  and  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1812  to  1813.  He  had  collected  ma 
terials  for  a  general  history  of  the  Indians. 
He  died  at  Opelousas,  Louisiana,  in  April, 
1822. 

Magruder,  Patrick.— lie  was  born 
in  Montgomery  County,  Maryland,  in 
1768;  educated  at  Princeton  College; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1805  to  1807 ;  and  was  Clerk  of 
the  United  States  House  of  Representa 
tives  from  1807  to  1815.  He  died  in 
Petersburg,  Virginia,  in  1819  or  1820. 

Malbone,  Francis. — He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  in 
180!),  having  previously  been  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1793  to  1797.  He  died  June  4,  1809. 

Mallary,  Rollin  €•— He  was  born 
in  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  in  178-1; 
graduated  at  Middlebury  College  in  1805 ; 
and  died  in  Baltimore,  April  1G,  1831.  He 
represented  the  State  of  Vermont  in  Con 
gress  from  1820  to  1831,  and  took  an  ac 
tive  part  in  nil  matters  appertaining  to 
Commerce,  as  Chairman  of  an  important 
committee.  He  was  held  in  the  highest 
estimation  both  for  his  public  acts  and 
private  virtues. 

Mallory,  Francis.— -He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1839,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843.  Died 
at  Norfolk,  March  26,  1860. 

Mallory,  Meredith.— "Born  in  Con 
necticut,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

Mallory,  Robert. — He  was  born  in 
Madison  County,  Virginia,  November  15, 
1815;  graduated  at  the  University  of  Vir 
ginia  in  1827;  removed  to  Kentucky  in 
1839,  where  he  has  devoted  the  most  of  his 
life  to  agricultural  pursuits;  and  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Kentucky, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Roads  and 
Canals;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals ;  and  also 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  1866. 

Mallory,  Rufus.  —  He  was  born  in 
Cheuango  County,  New  York,  June  10, 
1831 ;  in  1855  he  removed  to  Iowa,  where 
he  resided  three  years ;  in  1858  he  settled 
in  Oregon,  and,  having  studied  law,  came 


to  the  bar  in  1861 ;  was  soon  afterwards 
elected  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  the  first 
Judicial  District;  in  1862  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature;  after  serving 
one  session,  he  was  appointed  Prosecuting 
Attorney  for  the  Third  Judicial  District, 
which  office  he  held  until  1866 ;  and  in  that 
year  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Oregon  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Mines  and  Mining, 
and  the  Pacific  Railway. 

Mallory,  Stephen  JR.— He  was  born 
in  Nassau,  about  1810;  removed  to  Key 
West,  Florida,  when  young;  studied  law 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  that  State ;  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "Nashville  Convention" 
of  1850;  and  he  was  at  one  time  a  corre 
spondent  for  the  "New  York  Herald." 
He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Flor 
ida,  having  been  elected  in  1851,  serving 
continuously,  by  re-election,  until  1861. 
He  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs,  and  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Claims.  He  was  expelled  March 
11,  1861,  and  took  part  in  the  Rebellion 
as  Secretary  of  the  Rebel  Navy.  After 
the  Rebellion  he  was  arrested  as  a  Pris 
oner  of  State,  and  released  on  his  parole 
in  March,  1866,  and  in  1S67  ho  was  par 
doned  by  President  Johnson. 

Mangum,  Willie  P.  —  Born  in 
Orange  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1792, 
and  graduated  at  the  University  of  that 
State  in  1815.  He  studied  law,  rose  to 
eminence  in  his  profession,  entered  into 
politics,  and  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Commons  in  1818.  In  1819  he  was  elected 
a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court ;  and  from 
1823  to  1826  served  as  a  Representative 
in  Congress.  He  was  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1829.  He  was  elected  a  United 
States  Senator  in  1831,  re-elected  in  1841, 
and  for  a  third  term  of  six  years,  in  1847, 
serving  from  1842  to  1845  as  President 
pro  tern.,  of  that  body.  In  1837  he  re 
ceived  eleven  electoral  votes  for  President 
of  the  United  States;  and,  during  the 
administration  of  President  Tyler,  was 
President  of  the  United  States  Senate. 
He  subsequently  lived  in  retirement  at  his 
home  in  North  Carolina.  Died  Septem 
ber  14,  1861. 

Mann,  <Tr.,  Abijah. — Born  at  Fair- 
field,  Herkimer  County,  New  York,  Sep 
tember  24,  1793;  he  received  a  good 
common-school  education,  and  became 
a  teacher  in  the  district  school  in  Oneida 
County ;  he  was  afterwards  a  merchant, 
Postmaster,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace ;  and 
elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1827,  serving 
by  re-elections  until  1830.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1833  to  1837, 
during  which  time  he  served  on  several 
committees,  being  once  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Rules  and  Orders  of  the 
House.  In  1837,  on  returning  to  his  na 
tive  county,  he  was  again  re-elected  to 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


257 


the  Legislature.  He  afterwards  removed 
to  New  York  City,  and  declined  all  official 
employments. 

Mann,  Horace. — Born  in  Franklin, 
Norfolk  County,  Massachusetts,  May  4, 
1796.  He  was,  to  some  degree,  self-edu 
cated,  but  graduated  at  Brown  University 
in  1819,  where  he  subsequently  held  the 
position  of  Tutor  of  Latin  and  Greek ;  he 
studied  law  at  Litchfleld,  Connecticut,  and 
•while  counsellor-at-law,  in  Dedham,  Mas 
sachusetts,  where  he  settled  in  1826,  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature.  He  re 
moved  to  Boston  ill  1834,  where  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate,  chosen  Presi 
dent  of  that  body,  and  also  President  of 
the  Massachusetts  Board  of  Education, 
which  he  was  foremost  in  founding;  he 
also  rendered  important  services  in  behalf 
of  the  Normal  Schools  of  Massachusetts, 
and  was  elected  a  member  of  Congress 
from  1848  to  1853.  After  that  time  he 
continued  to  be  devoted  to  matters  con 
nected  with  education,  having  been  ap 
pointed  President  of  Antioch  College  and 
the  North- western  Christian  University  at 
Indianapolis.  He  wrote  much  and  well, 
and  is  remembered  as  a  benefactor  to  his 
race.  Died  at  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio, 
August  2,  1859.  In  1865  Ms  life  was  pub 
lished  by  his  widow. 

Mann,  Job* — Born  in  Bethel  Town 
ship,  Bedford  County,  Pennsylvania, 
March  31,  1795;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  in  1816  was  appointed 
Clerk  to  a  Board  of  County  Commission 
ers  ;  two  years  afterwards  he  was  ap 
pointed  Register,  Recorder,  and  Clerk  for 
the  courts  of  Bedford  County,  all  of 
which  positions  he  continued  to  hold  un 
til  1835,  when  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  where  he  served  one 
term.  In  1839  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  in  1842  was  appointed  State  Treas 
urer,  which  office  he  held  for  three  terms  ; 
and  in  1847  was  again  elected  to  Congress, 
where  he  served  until  1851,  declining  a 
re-election. 

Mann,  Joel  K.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania  in  1780,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1831  to  1835.  He  died  in  Mont 
gomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  September 
4,  1857. 

Manning,  James.— He  was  a  native 
of  New  ..Jersey;  graduated  at  Nassau 
Hall  in  1762.  He  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  Brown  University:  when  that  insti 
tution  was  removed  to  Providence  he 
became  first  President.  He  was  pastor 
of  the  Baptist  Church  in  that  town,  and 
continued  in  the  charge  of  these  two  of 
fices  till  his  death,  excepting  an  interval 
of  six  months,  in  1785  and  1786,  during 
which  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti- 
17 


nental  Congress.  He  died  In  1791,  aged 
fifty-two  years. 

Manning,  Richard  I.  —  He  was 

born  in  Sumter  District,  South  Carolina, 
May  1,  1789;  graduated  at  the  State  Col 
lege  at  Columbia  in  1811;  commanded  a 
volunteer  company  in  the  war  of  1812; 
was  frequently  in  the  upper  and  lower 
House  of  the  State  Legislature ;  was  Gov 
ernor  of  South  Carolina  for  two  years 
from  1824 ;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1834  to  1836;  and  died  Mayl,  1836, 
at  Philadelphia,  before  the  expiration  of 
his  term,  very  suddenly,  while  seated  at 
the  table  with  his  family.  He  was  greatly 
respected  for  his  talents  and  virtues. 

Mar  able,  John  H.—  He  was  born  in 
Brunswick  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1825  to  1829. 

Marchand,  Albert  {?.—  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1839  to  1843 ;  and  died  at 
his  residence,  in  Greeusburg,  Pennsyl 
vania,  February  5,  1848. 

Marchand,  David. — He  was  born 
in  Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1817  to  1821. 

Marchant,  Henry.—  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Rhode  Island,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1777  to  1780,  and  again  in 
1783  and  1784,  and  was  one  of  the  signers 
of  the  Articles  of  Confederation. 

Marcy,   Daniel.  —  Born    in    New 

Hampshire,  November  7,  1809 ;  became  a 
sailor  when  twelve  years  of  age,  and  at 
twenty  was  master  of  a  ship ;  in  1853  and 
1854  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  Hamp 
shire  Legislature ;  in  1856  and  1857,  of  the 
State  Senate ;  was  subsequently  engaged 
in  the  mercantile  and  ship-building  busi 
ness;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  Hampshire,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Revolutionary  Pensions  and  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Navy  Department.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Na 
tional  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Marcy,  William  Lamed. — He  was 

born  in  Sturbridge,  Worcester  County, 
Massachusetts,  in  1786,  and  died  in  Balls- 
ton  Spa,  New  York,  July  4,  1857.  He 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1808 ; 
taught  school  for  a  while  in  Newport, 
Rhode  Island;  studied  law,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Troy,  New  York.  He 
was  appointed  Recorder  of  that  city  in 
1816 ;  made  Comptroller  in  1823,  and  re 
moved  to  Albany.  In  1829  he  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State.  He  was  elected  to  the  United 


258 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


States  Senate  in  1831,  but  resigned  in 
1833,  having  served  as  Chairman  of  the 
Judiciary  Committee.  Elected  Governor 
of  New  York  in  1832,  and  re-elected  in 
1834  and  1836.  He  Avas  Secretary  of  War 
under  President  Polk  from  1845  to  1849, 
and  Secretary  of  State  under  President 
Pierce  from  1853  to  1857.  He  was  a 
hard-working,  careful,  plain  man,  and  a 
good  scholar.  As  a  statesman  and  diplo 
matist  he  had  the  reputation  of  displaying 
both  judgment  and  skill ;  but  his  crowning 
virtue  was  his  incorruptible  integrity. 

Mardis,  Samuel  IF.—  Born  in  Ala 
bama,  in  1801,  and  died  at  Talladega,  in 
that  State,  November  14,  1837.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ala 
bama,  from  1831  to  1835,  and  was  much 
respected  for  his  manly  virtues. 

Marlon,  Robert. — He  was  a  native 
of  South  Carolina,  and  a  Eepresentatlve 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1805 
to  1810. 

Markell,  Henry.— Re  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  New  York,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1825  to  1829. 

MarJcell,  Jacob.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1813  to  1815. 

MarJcley,  Philip  S.—lIe  was  born 
in  Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
•was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1823  to  1827,  and  was 
In  the  latter  year  appointed  Naval  Officer 
for  the  port  of  Philadelphia. 

Maries,  William. — "Was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1825 
to  1831,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Enrolled  Bills. 

Marquette,  T.  M. — He  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  Nebraska  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  did  not  take 
his  seat  until  the  last  day  of  the  last  ses 
sion  of  said  Congress. 

Marr,  Alem.  —  He  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1807 ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1829  to  1831. 

Marr,  George  W.  L.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1817  to  1819. 

Marrow,  John. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1805  to  1809. 

Marsh,  Charles. — Born  at  Lebanon, 
Connecticut,  July  10,  17G5,  but  with  his 
father's  family  'removed  to  Vermont  be 
fore  the  Revolution.  He  graduated  at 


Dartmouth  College  in  178G,  studied  law, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Woodstock, 
Vermont.  He  was  for  fifty  years  devoted 
to  his  profession,  and  for  a  long  time  at 
the  head  of  the  bar  in  the  State.  He 
served  as  a  member  of  Congress  from 
1815  to  1817,  and  while  in  Washington 
became  identified  with  the  American 
Colonization  Society  as  one  of  its  founders. 
He  acquired  great  popularity  as  a  patron 
of  benevolent  societies  generally,  and  was 
a  highly  influential  and  useful  citizen. 
Died  at  Woodstock,  Vermont,  January  11, 
1849.  The  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred 
upon  him  by  Dartmouth  College. 

Marsh,  George  P.—  Born  in  Wood 
stock,  Vermont,  March  15,  1801 ;  was 
educated  at  Dartmouth  College,  where  he 
graduated  in  1820.  He  afterwards  re 
moved  to  Burlington,  Vermont,  where  he 
commenced  the  study  of  the  law,  and 
afterwards  made  that  place  his  home. 
After  his  admission  to  the  bar,  he  came 
into  an  extensive  practice,  and  devoted 
much  of  his  time  to  politics.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1835, 
and  in  1842  he  took  his  seat  in  the  United 
States  House  of  Representatives,  where 
he  continued  until  he  was  sent  as  Resi 
dent  Minister  to  Turkey,  in  1849,  by 
President  Taylor.  At  this  post  he  ren 
dered  essential  service  to  the  cause  of 
civil  and  religious  toleration  in  the  Turk 
ish  Empire.  He  was  also  charged  with  a 
special  mission  to  Greece  in  1852.  He  is 
well  known  as  an  author  and  a  scholar. 
He  has  devoted  much  attention  to  the 
languages  and  literature  of  the  North  of 
Europe,  and  his  sympathies  appear  to  be 
with  the  Goths,  whose  presence  he  traces 
in  whatever  is  great  and  peculiar  in  the 
character  of  the  founders  of  New  England. 
In  a  work  entitled  "The  Goths  in  New 
England,"  he  has  contrasted  the  Gothic 
and  Roman  characters,  which  he  appears 
to  regard  as  the  great  antagonistic  prin 
ciples  of  society  at  the  present  day.  He 
is  also  the  author  of  a  grammar  of  the  old 
Northern  or  Icelandic  language,  and  of 
various  essays,  literary  and  historical,  re 
lating  to  the  Goths  and  their  connections 
with  America.  He  is  the  author  of  an  in 
teresting  work  on  the  Camel ;  also  of  a 
work  on  the  English  Language,  which  oc 
cupies  a  very  high  rank;  and  still  another 
of  great  merit,  entitled  "  Man  and  Na 
ture,"  and  his  miscellaneous  published 
addresses  and  speeches  are  quite  numer 
ous.  After  his  return  from  Turkey  he 
performed  the  duties  of  Commissioner  of 
Railroads  for  the  State  of  Vermont.  His 
library  is  said  to  be  one  of  the  finest 
in  this  country,  rich  beyond  compare  in 
Scandinavian  literature.  In  1861  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  Minister 
to  Italy. 

Marshall,  Alexander  K.—He  was 
bora  in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representa- 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


259 


tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1855  to  1857. 

MarsJiall,  Alfred.— He  served  four 
years  in  the  Maine  Legislature,  namely, 
1827,  1828,  1834,  and  1835 ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from 
1841  to  1843,  acting  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Militia ;  and  from  1846  to 
1849  he  was  Collector  at  Belfast.  He  was 
also  for  some  years  a  General  of  the  State 
Militia. 

Marshall,   Edtvard    C.— He   was 

born  in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  California,  from 
1851  to  1853. 

Marshall,  Humphrey.  —  He  was 
among  the  earliest  pioneers  to  Kentucky, 
having  gone  there  in  1780 ;  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  ''State  Convention"  in  1787; 
served  for  many  years  in  the  State  Legis 
lature  ;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  1795  to  1801.  He  was  the  author  of 
the  first  published  History  of  Kentucky, 
and  died  at  an  advanced  age. 

Marshall,    HumpJirey.—Rorn   at 

Frankfort,  Kentucky,  January  13,  1812. 
He  graduated  at  West  Point  Academy,  but 
resigned  his  military  commission  of  Lieu 
tenant,  and  studied  law,  which  he  prac 
tised  with  success.  During  the  ten  years 
preceding  the  Mexican  war,  and  while  de 
voting  himself  to  his  profession  in  Louis 
ville,  he  took  an  active  part  in  the  military 
affairs  of  the  State  as  Captain,  Major,  and 
Lieutenant-Colonel;  he  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  Colonel  of  Cavalry,  fight 
ing  at  Buena  Vista,  and  leading  the  charge 
of  the  Kentucky  Volunteers ;  in  1847, 
after  declining  several  important  nomina 
tions,  he  retired  to  a  farm ;  he  was  elected 
to  Congress  in  1849  as  a  Representative, 
and  re-elected  in  1851 ;  he  was  appointed 
by  President  Fillmore  Commissioner  to 
China,  which  was  immediately  raised  to  a 
Jrst-class  mission;  on  his  return  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress ;  in  1856  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  "American  National  Council" 
held  in  New  York,  where  he  caused  to  be 
thrown  off  all  secrecy  in  the  politics  of  his 
party;  and  in  1857  he  was  re-elected  to 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  He  took 
part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a  General 
of  Volunteers. 

Marshall,  JoJin. — He  was  born  in 
Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  September  24, 
1755,  and  was  the  eldest  of  fifteen  children. 
He  had  some  classical  education  in  his 
youth,  but  his  opportunities  for  learning 
were  limited,  and  he  never  entered  col 
lege,  his  father,  Thomas  Marshall,  having 
been  a  poor  man,  but  possessed  of  supe 
rior  talents.  At  the  commencement  of 
the  American  war,  he  espoused  it  with 


ardor;  in  1776  he  was  appointed  Lieu 
tenant,  and  in  1777  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  Captain.  In  1780  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  in  1781  resigned  his  commis 
sion,  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of  his 
profession,  soon  rising  to  distinction.  Ho 
was  a  member  of  the  "  Virginia  Conven 
tion"  to  ratify  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States,  and  as  such  produced  a 
deep  impression  by  his  logic  and  elo 
quence.  He  also  entered  the  Legislature 
of  Virginia,  where  he  was  a"  leader. 
President  Washington  invited  him  to  be 
come  Attorney-General,  and  offered  him 
the  mission  to  France,  after  Mr.  Monroe's 
return,  —  both  of  which  honors  he  declined. 
President  Adams  appointed  him  an  En 
voy  to  France,  with  Pickering  and  Gerry; 
but  they  were  not  accredited,  and  he  re 
turned  to  the  United  States  in  1798.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  in  1799 ; 
in  1800  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of 
War;  soon  afterwards  Secretary  of  State ; 
and,  January  31,  1801,  upon  the  nomina 
tion  of  President  Adams,  was  confirmed 
as  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States.  He  wrote  a  "Life  of 
George  Washington,"  and  a  "  History  of 
the  American  Colonies."  He  died  in 
Philadelphia,  July  6,  1836.  As  a  Judge  he 
was  the  most  illustrious  in  America,  and 
for  his  public  service  was  ranked  by 
many  with  Washington.  He  was  the  ob 
ject  of  universal  affection,  respect,  and 
confidence,  and  in  every  particular  one  of 
the  greatest  and  best  of  men. 

Marshall,  Samuel  S. — He  was  born 
in  Illinois ;  educated  at  Cumberland  Col 
lege,  Kentucky;  studied  law,  and  devoted 
himself  to  its  practice  in  his  native  State. 
He  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in 
1846;  by  the  Legislature  he  was  elected 
State  Attorney,  serving  two  years ;  in  1851 
he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court,  in  which  position  he  remained  until 
1854;  and  having  been  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  from  Illinois,  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  and  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "Chicago 
Convention  "  of  1864,  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Elections,  and  on 
Freedmen.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  1866;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Judici 
ary  Committee. 

Marshall,  Thomas  A.—Ke  was 
born  near  Versailles,  Kentucky,  January 
15,  1794;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1815;  studied  law,  and  entered  upon  the 
practice  in  1816;  and  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1831  to  1835.  He  was  a  Judge  and  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of  Ken 
tucky  for  about  twenty  years ;  a  Professor 
of  Law  in  the  Transylvania  College ;  and 


260 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


also  served  in  the  Legislature  of  Ken 
tucky. 

Marshall,    TJiotnas   F.  —  He  was 

born  in  Kentucky  in  1800;  graduated  at 
Yale  College ;  studied  law,  and  practised 
the  profession  with  success ;  was  for 
several  years  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court 
of  Louisville ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1841  to 
1843.  Died  near  Versailles,  Woodward 
County,  Kentucky,  September  22,  1864. 
His  general  abilities  were  considered  of  a 
high  order,  and  as  an  orator  before  popu 
lar  assemblies  he  had  few  equals. 

Marston,  Oilman.— Korn  in  Orford, 
New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1837,  and  at  the  Dane  Law 
School  in  1840 ;  commenced  the  practice 
of  law  in  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  in 
1841 ;  in  1845  he  was  elected  to  the  New 
Hampshire  Legislature,  and  served  four 
years ;  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
to  revise  the  Constitution  of  that  State  in 
1850,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from  1859  to 
1863,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Elec 
tions,  and  on  Military  Affairs.  In  June, 
1861,  he  was  appointed  Colonel  of  the 
Second  Regiment  New  Hampshire  Volun 
teers,  which  he  led  at  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  throughout  the  Peninsula  Campaign 
under  McClellan,  at  the  second  battle  of 
Bull  Run;  and  also  at  Fredericksburg, 
under  Burnside.  In  1863  he  was  commis 
sioned  a  Brigadier-General,  assigned  to 
the  District  of  St.  Mary,  and  also  at 
tached  to  the  army  of  the  James  in  1864, 
fighting  at  Kingsland  Creek,  Drury's 
Bluff,  Cold  Harbor,  and  Petersburg.  Early 
in  1865  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Mileage,  and  Military  Affairs ;  and 
on  the  fall  of  Richmond  he  retired  from 
the  army.  He  was  also  one  of  the  Rep 
resentatives  designated  by  the  House 
to  attend  the  funeral  of  General  Scott 
in  1866.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
1866,  and  also  to  the  "  Soldiers'  Conven 
tion  "  held  in  Pittsburg. 

Martin,  Alexander.— Born  in  Guil- 
ford  County,  North  Carolina,  and  died  in 
November,  1807.  He  was  educated  at 
Princeton  College,  and  devoted  much  at 
tention  to  the  pursuits  of  literature.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Colonial  Assembly, 
and  Colonel  of  a  regiment  in  the  Conti 
nental  line,  having  been  at  the  battles  of 
Brandywiue  and  Germantown.  He  was 
subsequently  in  the  State  Senate,  and  was 
elected  Speaker ;  he  was  elected  Governor 
of  North  Carolina  in  1782,  and  again  in 
1789,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States.  From  1793  to  1799  he 
was  United  States  Senator.  In  1793  the 
degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws  was  conferred 


on  him  by  Princeton  College,  and  at  the 
time  of  his  death  he  was  a  Trustee  of  the 
University  of  North  Carolina. 

Martin,  Barclay. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1845 
to  1847. 

Martin,  Charles  D.— Born  in  Ohio, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions. 

Martin,  Elbert  S.— Born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment. 

Martin,    Frederick   S.  —  He  was 

born  in  Rutland  County,  Vermont,  April 
25,  1794 ;  after  spending  his  early  life  as  a 
sailor  on  Lake  Champlain  and  at  sea,  he 
settled  at  Olean,  New  York,  as  a  hotel- 
keeper  and  merchant;  in  1830  he  was  ap 
pointed  Postmaster  at  that  place;  he 
served  three  years  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Martin,  John  JP.  —  Born  in  Lee 
County,  Virginia,  October  11,  1811;  re 
moved  to  Kentucky  in  1828 ;  in  1841  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that  State, 
and  re-elected  the  following  year ;  and  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Kentucky,  from  1845  to  1847.  In  1857  he 
was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  Kentucky, 
which  was  his  last  public  position. 

Martin,    Joshua    L. — He  was    a 

member  of  Congress,  from  Alabama, 
from  1835  to  1839,  and  from  1845  to  1847 
Governor  of  that  State.  He  died  at  Tus- 
caloosa,  November  2,  1856. 

Martin,  Luther.— Born  in  New- 
Brunswick,  New  Jersey,  in  1744;  grad 
uated  at  Nassau  Hall  in  1766;  taught 
school  for  several  years  in  Maryland; 
came  to  the  bar  in  Virginia,  and  settled 
in  Accomac  County;  in  1774  took  an 
active  part  in  opposing  England;  was  a 
member  of  the  "  Annapoiis  Convention" 
of  that  year ;  in  1778  was  appointed  At 
torney-General  of  Maryland ;  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1784 
and  1785 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  formed  the  Federal  Constitu 
tion,  but  was  opposed  to  its  adoption, 
and  an  elaborate  speech,  that  he  delivered 
before  the  Assembly  of  Maryland  about 
the  Convention,  caused  considerable  ex 
citement  at  the  time  throughout  the  coun 
try.  He  acquired  distinction  by  defending 
Samuel  Chase  and  Aaron  Burr  in  their 
celebrated  trials;  in  1814  he  was  ap- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


261 


pointed  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Oyer  and 
Terminer;  and  died  in  New  York,  July 
10,  1826.  He  received  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  from  Princeton  College. 

Martin,  Morgan  L. — He  was  horn 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  from  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin, 
from  1845  to  1817. 

Martin,  Robert  N»—  He  was  born 
in  Dorchester  County,  Maryland,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary- 
laud,  from  1825  to  1827. 

Martin,     William  Z>.— He  was  a 

Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1827  to  1833.  He  was  dis 
tinguished  for  his  talents  and  public 
usefulness.  He  retired  to  bed  slightly 
indisposed,  and  was  found  dead  in  the 
morning.  He  died  at  Charleston,  Novem 
ber  17, 1833,  aged  forty-five  years. 

Martindale,  Henry  C.  —  He  was 

born  in  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts ; 
graduated  at  Williams  College  in  1800; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1823  to  1831,  and 
again  from  1833  to  1835.  Died  in  1860, 
aged  eighty  years. 

Marvin,  Dudley. — Was  a  native  of 
Lyrne,  Connecticut,  from  which  place  he 
removed  to  Canandaigua,  New  York,  in 
1807.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  1811, 
and  soon  attained  eminence  in  his  profes 
sion.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1823  to  1829.  In  1844  he 
removed  to  Ripley,  Chautauque  County, 
and  was  again  elected  to  Congress,  serv 
ing  from  1847  to  1849.  He  died  at  Ripley, 
New  York,  June  25,  1852,  aged  sixty-five 
years. 

Marvin,  James  M.—  Born  5n  Ball- 
ston,  Saratoga  County,  New  York,  Feb- 
uary  27,  1809;  spent  a  portion  of  his 
boyhood  on  a  farm,  but  received  a  good 
education.  In  1846  he  was  elected  to  the 
House  of  Assembly;  was  a  County  Super 
visor  for  three  terms ;  is  proprietor  of  one 
of  the  large  Saratoga  hotels,  and  has 
chiefly  been  engaged  for  years  past  in 
taking  care  of  a  large  estate.  In  1862  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Territories. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
and  was  made  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Expenses  in  the  Treasury  Depart 
ment.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Territo 
ries. 

Marvin,  Richard  P. — He  was  born 
in  New  York;  served  in  the  Assembly 
of  that  State,  from  Chautauque  County, 


in  183G,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1837  to  1841, 
and  in  1855  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court. 

Mason,   Armistead  Thomson. — 

Born  in  London  County,  Virginia,  in  1785, 
and  educated  at  William  and  Mary  Col 
lege  ;  was  a  farmer  by  occupation,  and  a 
Colonel  in  the  war  of  1812;  and  a  United 
States  Senator,  from  Virginia,  from  1816 
to  1817.  He  fell  in  the  memorable  duel 
with  Colonel  McCarty,  February  6,  1819. 

Mason,  James  B.— He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Rhode  Island  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  for  many  years,  and  for  a  part 
of  the  time  was  Speaker;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Rhode  Island, 
from  1815  to  1819. 

Mason,  James  M. — Born  on  Ana- 
loston  Island,  Fairfax  County,  Virginia, 
November  3,  1798.  He  received  a  good 
education,  and  graduated  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  Pennsylvania  in  1818 ;  he  studied 
law  at  the  College  of  William  and  Mary, 
and  obtained  a  license  to  practice  in  1820 ; 
in  1826  he  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Delegates,  and  twice  re-elected;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1833;  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1837  to 
1839 ;  in  1847  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  in  the  place  of  Senator  Penny- 
backer,  and  re-elected  in  1849,  in  which 
position  he  continued  until  1861,  having 
for  several  sessions  been  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Relations.  He 
took  part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861 ;  went 
to  England  as  a  Minister  of  the  Rebel 
government,  was  captured  by  the  San 
Jacinto,  imprisoned  in  Fort  Warren,  and 
after  his  release  took  up  his  residence  in, 
Europe.  He  was  expelled  from  the  Sen 
ate  in  July,  1861.  His  term  would  have 
expired  in  1863. 

Mason,  Jeremiah.—  Born  at  Leb 
anon,  Connecticut,  April  27,  1768,  and 
.died  at  Boston,  November  14,  1848.  Des- 
'tined  for  professional  life,  he  entered  Yale 
College,  and,  after  graduating  in  1788,  en 
tered  upon  the  study  of  law,  and  acquired 
the  reputation  of  being  profoundly  learned 
in  common  law.  He  went  to  Vermont, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  that  State, 
but  subsequently  removed  to  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  where  he  became  the 
friend  of  Daniel  Webster,  who  always 
spoke  of  him  in  extravagant  terms  of 
praise.  In  1802  he  was  appointed  Attor 
ney-General  of  the  State,  and  from  1813 
to  1817  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  hav 
ing  resigned  for  the  purpose  of  devoting 
himself  to  his  profession.  He  removed 
to  Boston  in  1832,  and  on  reaching  the 
age  of  seventy  he  left  the  bar,  though"  he 
was  consulted  as  chamber-counsel  to  tho 
close  of  his  life. 


202 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


Mason,  John  C. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  elected  a  Representative, 
IVora  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Accounts. 

Mason,  John  Thomson.— Born  at 
Montpelier,  Washington  County,  Mary 
land,  in  May,  1815;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1836 ;  read  law  in  Hagcrs- 
town,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1838 ;  the  same  year  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  of  Maryland,  and 
re-elected  in  1839.  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  1841  to  1843,  being 
at  that  time  the  youngest  man  in  Con 
gress.  In  1851  he  was  elected  by  the 
people,  under  the  new  Constitution  of  the 
State,  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals, 
which  position  he  fllled  till  1857,  when 
he  resigned,  and  was  appointed  Collector 
of  the  port  of  Baltimore. 

Mason,  John  Y.  —He  was  born  at 
Greensville,  Sussex  County,  Virginia, 
April  18,  1799 ;  graduated  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  North  Carolina  in  1816,  fcom  which 
institution  he  received  the  degree  of 
LL.D.;  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and 
was  a  Federal  Judge  of  the  Eastern  Dis 
trict  Court  of  Virginia ;  Judge  also  of  the 
General  Court  of  Virginia ;  served  about 
ten  years  in  the  State  Legislature ;  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1831  to  1837;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Conventions  of  1828  and  1849  for 
revising  the  State  Constitution ;  a  mem 
ber  of  President  Tyler's  cabinet,  as  Sec 
retary  of  the  Navy ;  a  member  of  Presi 
dent  Polk's  cabinet,  first  as  Attorney- 
General,  and  secondly  as  Secretary  of  the 
Navy ;  was  subsequently  President  of  the 
James  River  and  Kanawha  Company ;  and 
was  appointed,  by  President  Pierce,  Min 
ister  to  France,  in  which  position  he  was 
continued  by  President  Buchanan.  Died 
in  Paris,  of  apoplexy,  October  3,  1859. 

Mason,  Jonathan. — He  was  born 
in  1757 ;  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1774 ;  and  died  at  Boston,  November  1, 
1831.  He  was  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1800  to 
1803 ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1817  to  1820,  when 
he  resigned. 

Mason,  Moses.— Re  was  a  County 
Commissioner  from  1831  to  1834 ;  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from 
1834  to  1837 ;  subsequently  a  member  of  the 
State  Executive  Council.  Died  at  Bethel, 
June  25th,  1866,  aged  seventy-five  years. 

Mason,  Samson. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to  1843. 
He  was  afterwards  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  State  Constitu 
tion. 


Mason,  Stevens  Thomson.— HQ 

was  born  in  Chapawansick,  Stafford 
County,  Virginia,  in  1760;  educated  at 
William  and  Mary  College ;  he  was  a  law 
yer  by  profession,  and  an  officer  in  the 
Revolutionary  war,  attaining  to  the  rank 
of  General;  was  a  member  of  the  Vir 
ginia  House  of  Burgesses ;  and  a  Senator 
of  the  United  States,  from  Virginia,  from 
1794  to  1803 ;  also  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1792 ;  a  member  of  the  Convention  to 
form  the  Constitution  of  Virginia,  and  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature.  He 
died  in  1803. 

Mason,  William.  —  He  was  born  in 
Connecticut ;  served  in  the  Legislature  of 
New  York,  from  Chenango  County,  from 
1820  to  1822 ;  and  Avas  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837. 

Masters,  JosiaJi.—Eorn  in  Wood- 
bury,  Connecticut,  October  22, 17G3 ;  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1784,  soon  after 
which  he  removed  to  Schaghticoke,  Rens- 
selaer  County,  New  York,  which  was 
thereafter  his  place  of  residence.  He  was 
a  prominent  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature  in  1792, 1800,  and  1801,  when  he  was 
appointed  Associate  Judge  of  Rensselaer 
County ;  and  from  1805  to  1809  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress.  In  1808  he  was 
chosen  first  Judge  of  the  County  Court  of 
Common  Pleas,  which  office  he  held  until 
his  death.  He  was  a  zealous  supporter  of 
the  general  measures  against  Great  Britain 
during  the  war  of  1812,  yet  he  opposed 
with  great  earnestness,  in  several  able 
speeches,  the  embargo,  non-intercourse, 
and  other  commercial  restrictions.  He 
numbered  among  his  personal  friends  such 
patriots  as  Jefferson,  Randolph,  Madison, 
Clay,  etc.,  and  was  a  co-operator  and  ad 
viser  of  De  Witt  Clinton  in  the  system  of 
internal  improvements  which  gave  to  New 
York  the  rank  of  the  Empire  State.  He 
died  June  30, 1822. 

Mathews,  George.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1789  to  1791,  and  was  one  of  those 
who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of  Govern 
ment  on  the  Potomac. 

Mathews,  James.—  He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to  1845. 

Matheivs,  Vincent.— Born  in  Orange 
County,  New  York,  June  29,  1766.  He 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1790;  and  fixing  his  residence  near  El- 
mira,  Tioga  County,  was  elected  a  State 
Representative  in  1793  and  in  1796  chosen 
a  State  Senator.  In  1798  he  was  elected 
a  Commissioner  to  settle  certain  claims  for 
bounty  land;  and  from  1809  to  1811  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress.  In  1812  he 
was  appointed  District  Attorney  for  a 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


263 


number  of  counties  in  Western  New  York ; 
and  in  181G  he  removed  from  Elmira  to 
Bath,  and  thence  to  Rochester,  pursuing 
the  practice  of  his  profession,  in  different 
places,  for  no  less  a  period  than  lifty-six 
years.  Toward  the  close  of  his  life  he 
served  a  second  time  in  the  Assembly  of 
the  State  and  was  District  Attorney  for 
Monroe  County.  The  College  of  Geneva 
conferred  upon  him  the  degree  of  Doctor 
of  Laws  when  he  was  nearly  seventy-five 
years  old,  and  he  died  at  Rochester,  Au 
gust  23.  1846. 

Mathewson,   Elisha.—Ke  was  at 

different  periods  a  member  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  Rhode  Island ;  once  a  Speaker 
in  the  House ;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1807  to  1811.  He 
died  at  Scituate,  Rhode  Island,  October 
14,  1853,  aged  eighty-six  years. 

MatJiiot,  Joshua. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to  1843. 
Died  July  30,  1849,  at  Newark,  Ohio. 

Matlacfc,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Gloucester  County,  New  Jersey,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1821  to  1825,  and  died  at  Wood- 
bury,  in  same  State,  January  15,  1840. 

MatlacJc,  Timothy.— He  was  a  Del 
egate  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  from  1780  to  1781. 

Matson,  Aaron. — He  was  born  in 
Plymouth,  Massachusetts ;  for  many  years 
Judge  of  Probate  in  Cheshire  County,  New 
Hampshire ;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  from  1821  to  1825 ; 
a  State  Councillor  from  1819  to  1821 ;  and 
died  at  Newport,  Vermont,  July  18,  1855, 
aged  eighty-tive  years. 

Matteson,  Orsamus  B.—lIe  was 
born  in  New  York,  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
first,  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth  (when 
he  resigned),  and  also  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congresses. 

Matthews,  John.— lie  was  born  in 
1744;  took  the  popular  side  in  the  Revo 
lution;  was  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro 
lina  to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1778 
to  1782 ;  was  a  signer  of  the  Articles  of 
Confederation;  was  Governor  of  South 
Carolina  in  1783 ;  in  1784  he  was  appointed 
a  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Equity;  and  died 
in  1802. 

Matthews,  William.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  iii  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1797  to  1799. 

Mattocks,  John.— Born  in  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  in  1776,  and  was  a  resident 
of  Peacham,  Vermont ;  he  was  for  many 


years  distinguished  as  a  successful  lawyer ; 
had  held  various  public  trusts,  being  for 
two  years  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Vermont ;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  1821  to  1825,  and  from  1841  to 
1843 ;  also  Governor  of  the  State,  one  year, 
declining  a  re-election  to  that  office.  Ho 
died  at  Peacham,  Vermont,  August  14, 
1847. 

Mattoon,  Ebenezer. — Born  in  Am- 
hcrst,  Massachusetts;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1776;  in  1797  he  was  a 
Presidential  Elector;  he  was  a  Major  in 
the  war  of  1812,  and  Sheriff  of  Hampshire  ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1800  to  1803,  having 
succeeded  L.  Lyman,  resigned ;  and,  iu 
1816,  he  was  chosen  Adjutant-General  of 
Militia.  He  died  in  Amherst,  September 
11,  1843,  aged  eighty-eight  years. 

Maurice,  James.— lie  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Mauri/,  Abraham  P.— A  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1835  to  1839 ;  died  at  his  residence, 
in  Williamson  County,  Tennessee,  July 
22,  1848. 

Maxwell,  Augustus  E.—  Born  in 
Elberton,  Georgia,  September  21,  1820; 
received  the  benefit  of  country  schools  in 
Alabama,  and  graduated  at  the  University 
of  Virginia;  studied  law;  removed  to 
Florida;  was  elected  in  1847  to  the  As 
sembly  of  that  State ;  was  Secretary  of 
State  in  1848 ;  a  State  Senator  in  1849 ; 
was  a  member  of  Congress  from  1853  to 
1857,  refusing  a  re-nomination;  and  in  1857 
was  appointed,  by  President  Buchanan, 
Navy  Agent  at  Pensacola,  Florida.  In 
1866  he  was  appointed  President  of  the 
Peusacola  and  Montgomery  Railroad. 

Maxwell,  George  C.—Hc  was  a  na 
tive  of  New  Jersey;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1792 ;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1811  to  1813. 

Maxwell,  J.  JP.  B. — Born  in  New 
Jersey  in  1805;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1823;  studied  law,  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1827;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  1837  to  1839, 
and  again  from  1841  to  1843.  He  died  at 
Belvidere,  New  Jersey,  November  14, 
1845.  He  was  a  candidate  for  election  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and  although 
he 'came  with  the  broad  seal  of  his  State, 
he  was  not  admitted. 

Maxwell,  Lewis. — He  was  a  native 
of  Virginia,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1827  to  1833. 


2G4 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Maxwell,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1829  to  1831. 

May,  Henry. — He  was  born  in  the 
District  of  Columbia;  received  a  liberal 
education ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maryland,  from  1853  to  1855.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress. 
He  was  appointed  by  President  Pierce  to 
visit  Mexico  on  business  with  the  "  Gardi 
ner  Claim  ;  "  and  during  the  Rebellion  he 
voluntarily  went  to  Richmond  on  a  peace 
mission,  but  was  unsuccessful.  Died  in 
Baltimore,  September  25,  1863. 

May,  William  L.— He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Illinois,  from  1835  to  1839. 

Mayall,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Maine ;  served  in  the  State  Legislature  in 
1845,  1847,  and  1848 ;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1853 
to  1855. 

Maynard,  Horace.— He  was  born 
in  Westborough,  Massachusetts,  August 
30,  1814;  graduated  at  Amherst  College  in 
1838,  and  soon  afterwards  emigrated  to 
Tennessee.  He  entered  the  University  of 
East  Tennessee  as  a  tutor,  and  subse 
quently  received  the  appointment  of  Pro 
fessor  of  Mathematics  in  that  institution ; 
during  that  period  he  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844.  He  acquired 
an  extensive  practice  in  his  profession; 
held  a  number  of  local  offices  in  his  adopt 
ed  State;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1852 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Tennessee,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress.  During  the  first  session  of  that 
Congress  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Special 
Committee  to  investigate  the  accounts  of 
William  Cullom,  late  Clerk  of  the  House 
of  Representatives,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Claims.  He  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  same  Committee;  and  also 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress. 
For  his  loyalty,  during  the  troubles  of  1861, 
his  property  was  confiscated,  and  he,  as 
well  as  his  family,  were  driven  from  East 
ern  Tennessee  by  the  Rebel  government. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Baltimore 
Convention  "  of  1864.  After  the  close  of 
the  Rebellion,  in  1865,  he  was  re-elected  a 
Representative  from  Tennessee,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  was  not  admit 
ted  to  his  seat  until  near  the  end  of  the 
first  session  of  that  Congress,  and  was 
made  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Southern  Railroads,  and  placed  on  the 
Committee  on  the  District  of  Columbia. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means,  and  was  President  of  the  "  Border 


State  Convention"  held  in  Baltimore,  in 
1867. 

Maynard,  John. — He  was  a  resi 
dent  of  New  York,  and  graduated  at  Union 
College  in  1810;  studied  law  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Seneca  Falls,  and  then 
removed  to  Auburn.  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1827  to  1829,  and  gave  a  zealous  support 
to  the  administration  of  Mr.  Adams ;  he 
was  subsequently  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Senate  for  four  years,  and  again, 
from  1841  to  1843,  a  member  of  Congress ; 
he  was  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
New  York,  and  from  January,  1850,  a 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals.  He  died 
in  Auburn,  New  York,  March  24,  1850. 

May  rant,  William.— He  was  a  native 
of  South  Carolina,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  during  the 
years  1815  and  1816. 

Meacham,  James. — Born  in  Rut 
land,  Vermont,  in  1810;  graduated  at  Mid- 
dlebury  College  in  1832 ;  was  tutor  there ; 
studied  theology;  was  settled  in  New 
Haven,  Vermont;  was  called  from  his 
parish  to  the  Professorship  of  Elocution 
and  English  Literature  in  Middlebury 
College,  when,  in  1849,  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  and  twice  re- 
elected.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  Augus't 
22,  1856,  he  was  a  member  of  Congress, 
and  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institu 
tion. 

Mead,  Cotvles.—He  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
in  1805,  but  his  election  was  successfully 
contested  by  Thomas  Spalding;  and  in 
1806  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Jef 
ferson,  Secretary  of  Mississippi  Terri 
tory. 

Meade,  Hichard  K.—  He  was  born 
in  Virginia;  received  a  liberal  education; 
and  adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1847  to  1853;  was  appointed, 
by  President  Pierce,  in  1853,  Charge 
d' Affaires  to  Sardinia ;  and  in  1857  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  Minister 
to  Brazil,  which  mission  he  held  until 
1861.  Died  in  April,  1862. 

Mebane,  Alexander.  —  Born  in 
Hawtield,  Orange  County,  North  Carolina, 
November  26,  1767,  and  died  July  5, 1795, 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Convention,  in 
1776,  that  met  to  form  the  State  Constitu 
tion  ;  served  a  number  of  years  in  the  Leg 
islature  ;  and  was  in  Congress  during  the 
years  1793  and  1794,  from  North  Carolina. 
He  was  distinguished  for  his  sense,  integ 
rity,  and  firmness. 

MeMll,  William.— He  was  born  in 
New  Castle  County,  Delaware ;  received 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


2G5 


an  academical  education ;  he  studied  law, 
and,  having  removed  to  Ohio,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  of  that  State  in  1832 ;  he  was 
soon  after  elected  to  the  State  Legislature, 
serving  a  number  of  years,  and  was  twice 
elected  Speaker;  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1839  to  1843 ;  by  President  Polk  he 
was  appointed  First  Assistant  Post 
master-General,  and  subsequently  held 
the  office  of  Commissioner  of  Indian  Af 
fairs  ;  in  1850  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  called  to  revise  the  State  Con 
stitution,  and  chosen  Chairman;  in  1851 
and  1852  he  was  elected  Lieutenaut-Gov- 
ernor  of  Ohio;  in  1853  he  was  elected 
Governor  of  Ohio ;  and,  by  President  Bu 
chanan,  was  appointed  First  Comptroller 
of  the  United  States  Treasury.  Died  at 
Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  September  2, 
18G5. 

Meech,  Ezra. — He  was  born  in  New 
London,  Connecticut,  July  26,  1773 ;  was 
associated  in  early  life  with  John  Jacob 
Astor  in  the  fur  trade;  in  1806  became 
agent  of  the  North- west  Fur  Company ;  and 
in  1809  was  agent  for  supplying  the  British 
Government  with  spars  and  timber.  Hav 
ing  settled  in  Vermont,  he  was,  in  1822  and 
1823,  elected  Chief  Justice  of  Chittenden 
County;  and  was  a  member  of  the  "  Con 
stitutional  Conventions  "  of  1822  and  1826. 
He  was  elected,  in  1805  and  1807,  to  the 
State  Legislature;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from  1819 
to  1821,  and  again  from  1825  to  1827.  In 
1841  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector.  Dur 
ing  the  latter  years  of  his  life  he  was  de 
voted  to  agricultural  pursuits,  and  owned 
one  farm,  kept  in  a  high  state  of  cultiva 
tion,  which  contained  three  thousand  acres, 
and  upon  which  have  been  seen  a  Hock  of 
three  thousand  sheep,  and  a  herd  of  eight 
hundred  oxen.  He  was  remarkable  for  his 
intelligence  and  hospitality,  and  not  less  so 
for  his  personal  appearance,  as  he  meas 
ured  six  feet  five  inches  in  height,  and 
weighed  three  hundred  and  seventy 
pounds;  and,  strange  as  it  may  seem,  he 
was  one  of  the  most  expert  trout-fishers 
in  the  country.  He  died  at  Shelburne, 
Vermont,  September  23,  1856. 

Sfeigs,  Henry. — Born  in  New  Haven, 

Connecticut,  Octo'ber  28,  1782 ;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1798 ;  educated  a  lawyer, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York  City,  from  1819  to 
1821,  and  for  many  years  was  an  active 
officer,  Recording  Secretary,  and  Trustee 
of  the  American  Institute  in  New  York. 
It  was  said  of  him,  as  something  remark 
able,  that  he  never  wore  an  overcoat, 
never  had  a  sore  throat  or  headache,  and, 
when  seventy  years  of  age,  did  not  use 
glasses.  Died  111  New  York,  May  20, 
1861. 

Meigs,  Return  J.—  Was  a  native  of 


Middletown,  Connecticut;  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1785,  and  was  a  Uuvyerby 
profession.  He  removed  to  Ohio,  and  be 
came  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
State ;  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
1808  to  1810;  and  was  Governor  of  the 
State  from  1810  to  1814.  He  was  ap 
pointed  Postmaster-General  of  the  United 
States  in  1814,  and  held  the  office  nine 
years.  He  died  at  Marietta,  March  29, 
1825. 

Mellen,  Prentiss. — Born  in  Ster 
ling,  Massachusetts,  October  11,  1764; 
graduated  at  Cambridge  in  1784 ;  studied 
law,  and  settled  at  Bridgewater;  in  1792 
he  became  a  citizen  of  Biddeford,  Maine, 
and  in  1806  settled  at  Portland.  In  1817 
he  was  chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  Massachusetts;  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1817 ;  and  on  the  separation  of 
Maine,  in  1820,  he  resigned  his  seat  in  the 
Senate,  and  was  elected  the  first  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Maine. 
He  occupied  a  high  position  as  a  lawyer 
and  jurist;  and  in  1834,  after  becoming 
disqualified  by  age  to  serve  as  judge,  he 
resumed  the  practice  of  law.  His  decis 
ions  may  be  found  in  the  first  eleven  vol 
umes  of  the  Maine  Reports.  He  was  also 
a  Trustee  of  Bowdoiu  College,  from  1817 
to  1836 ;  and  in  1828  received  the  degree 
of  LL.D.  from  that  institution.  He  died 
at  Portland,  December  31,  1840. 

Menifee,  Richard  H.— He  was  a 

member  of  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1837  to  1839,  and  died  at  Frankfort,  Febru 
ary  21,  1841. 

Menzies,  John  W. — "Was  born  in 
Fayette  County,  Kentucky,  April  12,  1819; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1840 ;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1841,  establishing  himself  in  Covington, 
Kentucky,  where  he  has  ever  since  prac 
tised  his  profession.  In  1848  and  1855  he 
was  elected  to  the  General  Assembly  of 
Kentucky;  and  in  1861  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Elections,  and  Unfinished 
Business.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention  "  of  1864. 

Mercer,  Charles  Fenton.— Born  in 
Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  June  6,  1778; 
graduated  at  Princeton  in  1797.  In  1798, 
while  a  student  of  law,  he  tendered  his 
services  to  General  Washington  for  the 
defence  of  the  country  against  a  threat 
ened  invasion  by  the  French,  and  received 
from  him  a  commission  as  First  Lieutenant 
of  Cavalry,  and  soon  after  that  of  Captain, 
which  he  declined,  not  intending  to  devote 
his  life  to  the  military  profession.  In 
1803,  after  spending  a  year  in  Europe,  he 
returned  and  practised  law.  From  1810 
to  1817  he  was  a  member  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  Virginia.  In  1811  he  was 


266 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


again  called  to  military  duty  by  the  Gen 
eral  Government;  and  in  1813  was  ap 
pointed  Aid  to  the  Governor,  and  rose  to 
the  rank  of  Brigadier-General  of  Militia, 
having  command  of  the  forces  at  Norfolk. 
In  1816,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Finance,  in  the  Legislature,  he  de 
voted  his  time  to  the  promotion  of  internal 
improvements,  and  was  chief  supporter 
of  the  measure  for  the  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  Canal,  and  was  appointed  President 
of  the  Canal  Company.  He  was  a  member 
of  Congress  from  1817  to  1840.  In  1853 
he  visited  Europe  from  philanthropic  mo 
tives,  at  his  own  expense,  and  used  his 
efforts  for  the  entire  abolition  of  the 
African  slave-trade,  conferring  with  the 
chief  executive  officers  of  most  of  the 
kingdoms  of  Europe  on  the  subject.  He 
died  at  Howard,  near  Alexandria,  Vir 
ginia  May  4,  1858. 

Mercer,  James* — He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1779  to  1780. 

Mercer,  John  F.— He  was  a  soldier 
of  the  Revolution;  was  a  member  of  the 
old  Congress,  in  1782;  was  a  member, 
from  Maryland,  of  the  Convention  which 
formed  the  Federal  Constitution,  but  did 
not  sign  that  instrument ;  a  Representa 
tive  in  the  new  Congress,  from  1792  to 
1794 ;  Governor  of  Maryland,  from  1801  to 
1803 ;  also  a  member  of  the  Legislature  of 
that  State;  and  died  at  Philadelphia, 
August  30,  1821,  in  the  sixty-fourth  year 
of  his  age. 

Mercur,  Ulysses.— Ho  was  born  in 
Towanda,  Bradford  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  August  12,  1818;  graduated  at 
Jefferson  College  in  1842;  studied  la\v 
while  in  college,  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1843;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1860; 
in  March,  1861,  he  was  appointed  Presi 
dent  Judge  of  the  Thirteenth  Judicial 
District  of  Pennsylvania,  and  elected  to 
the  office  in  October  following  for  a  term 
of  ten  years,  but  which  he  resigned  on 
being  elected,  in  1864,  a  Representative, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  District  of  Columbia,  and  Southern 
Railroads ;  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Claims. 

Meredith,  Samuel.— He  was  born 
in  Philadelphia  in  1750;  was  among  the 
first  to  espouse  the  cause  of  the  Revolu 
tion,  in  which  he  served  and  suffered,  and 
acquitted  himself  with  credit  at  the  bat 
tles  of  Trenton  and  Princeton ;  and  he 
was  one  of  those  who  enjoyed  the  confi 
dence  and  friendship  of  Washington.  He 
served  for  a  time  in  the  Colonial  Legisla 
ture  of  Pennsylvania;  was  a  Delegate, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1787  and  1788 ;  and  on  the  organ 


ization  of  the  Federal  Government  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Washington, 
Treasurer  of  the  United  States,  in  which 
office  he  continued  until  1801,  when  he  re 
signed.  He  died  at  Belmout,  his  seat  in 
Wayne  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1817. 
He  and  his  brother-in-law,  George  Cly- 
mer,  gave  £10,000  in  silver  to  carry  on  the 
war. 

Meriwether,  David.  —  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Geor 
gia,  from  1802  to  1807 ;  and  was  appointed, 
by  President  Jefferson,  in  180-1,  a  Commis 
sioner  to  treat  with  the  Creek  Indians. 
He  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1813  and 
in  1826. 

Meriwether,    David.  —  He  was   a 

Senator  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  by 
appointment,  for  one  session,  in  1852,  and 
was  appointed,  by  President  Pierce,  May 
6,  1853,  Governor  of  the  Terricory  of  New 
Mexico. 

Meriwether,  I.  A. — He  was  born  in 
Georgia,and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to  1843. 

Meriwether,  James.— lie  was  born 
in  Wilke.s  County,  Georgia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1825  to  1827. 

Merriclc,  William  D.  —  He  filled 
several  prominent  positions  in  the  State 
of  Maryland,  and  served  in  the  United 
States  Senate,  from  1838  to  1845.  lie  died 
in  Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  Feb 
ruary  5,  1857,  at  an  advanced  age.  He 
was  the  author  of  the  cheap  postage 
scheme  in  Congress. 

Merrill,  Orsamus  C.—lle  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  from  1817  to  1820,  when  his  seat 
was  successfully  contested  by  R.  C.  Mai- 
lory  ;  and  also  held  the  positions  in  that 
State  of  County  Attorney  for  two  years, 
State  Councillor  for  four  years,  State 
Senator  for  one  year,  Register  of  Probate 
for  two  years,  and  Judge  of  Probate  for 
six  years.  He  was  born  in  Vermont  in 
1776,  and  died  at  Beuuiugton,  in  that 
State,  April  11,  1865. 

Mervin,  Orange. — He  was  born  in 
Litchfleld,  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 
from  1825  to  1829. 

Metcalf,  Arunah. — He  was  a  native 
of  New  York ;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1811  to  1813, 
and  subsequently  served  four  years  in  the 
Assembly  of  New  York,  from  Otsego 
County. 

Metcalf e,  TJiomas.—lle  was  born 
in  Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  March  20, 


BIOaKAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


267 


1780.  When  he  was  quite  young,  his  par 
ents  emigrated  to  Kentucky,  and  settled 
in  Fayette,  where  his  education  was  re 
stricted  to  the  advantages  of  a  few  months' 
attendance  at  a  country  school.  He  worked 
at  the  trade  of  a  mason,  but  employed  his 
leisure  hours  in  study,  and  soon  developed 
remarkable  intellectual  abilities.  In  1809 
he  first  appeared  as  a  public  speaker,  in 
defence  of  his  country  against  British  op 
pression;  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
in  1813  commanded  a  company  of  infantry 
at  the  battle  of  Fort  Meigs,  and  greatly 
distinguished  himself  for  his  bravery.  He 
was  subsequently  a  member  of  the  Ken 
tucky  Legislature  for  several  years,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1819  to  1829,  when  he  was  elected  Gov 
ernor  of  Kentucky,  which  office  he  held 
until  1833.  In  1834  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate,  and  in  1810  was  chosen 
President  of  the  Board  of  Internal  Im 
provement.  In  1848  he  was  appointed  and 
elected  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  Mr. 
Crittenden  in  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States,  after  which  he  retired  to  his  farm, 
between  Maysville  and  Lexington.  He 
boasted  of  his  service  as  a  stone-mason, 
and  delighted  in  being  called  the  "  Old 
Stone  Hammer."  He  died  in  Nicholas 
County,  Kentucky,  August  1&,  1855. 

MiddleswartJi,  Ner.—He  was  born 
in  New  Jersey,  and  on  removing  to  Penn 
sylvania  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture  and  made  Speaker,  and  also  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1853  to  1855.  Died  June  2, 
1865. 

Middleton,  Arthur,— He  was  born 
on  Ashley  River,  South  Carolina,  in  1743 ; 
after  a  course  of  studies  at  Westminster, 
he  graduated  at  Cambridge,  England; 
travelled  two  years  in  Europe ;  on  his  re 
turn  home  he  was  placed  on  various  local 
committees  looking  to  liberty;  in  1775  he 
was  one  of  the  "  Council  of  Safety ;  "  was 
the  author  of  the  first  draught  of  the  State 
Constitution,  and  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  from  1776  to  1788, 
and  again  from  1781  to  1783,  and  signed 
the  Declaration  of  Independence.  On  the 
surrender  of  Charleston  he  was  taken 
prisoner,  but  released  in  a  few  months  by 
exchange.  He  served  frequently  in  the 
State  Legislature ;  and  while  attempting 
to  retrieve  his  fortune,  which  had  been 
seriously  affected  by  the  war,  he  died,  Jan 
uary  1,  1787. 

Middleton,  George. — Was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  October  14,  1811;  came  of 
the  old  stock  of  the  Society  of  Friends ;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  while 
yet  a  boy  removed  with  his  father  to  New 
Jersey,  and  settled  in  Burlington;  was 
engaged  fo-  many  years  in  the  business  of 
tanning ;  was  twice  elected  to  the  Legis 
lature  of  New  Jersey ;  has  been  noted  iu 


his  district  as  a  local  peace-maker  among 
his  neighbors ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Agriculture,  and  on  the  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Interior  Department. 

Middleton,  Henry. — He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina ;  was  a  Delegate,  from 
South  Carolina,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1774  to  1776,  and  was  the  sec 
ond  member  called  to  officiate  as  President 
over  that  body.  His  son,  bearing  the  same 
name,  was  subsequently  a  Representative 
in  the  Federal  Congress. 

Middleton,  Henry.  —  A  native  of 
South  Carolina ;  was  chosen  a  Represent 
ative  in  the  State  Legislature  iu  1801 ; 
then  State  Senator  until  elected  Governor 
in  1810.  From  1815  to  1819  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  and  in  1820  was 
appointed,  by  President  Monroe,  Minister 
to  Russia,  which  position  he  filled  for 
many  years.  He  died  in  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  June  14,  1846. 

Mlfflln,  Thomas*— He  was  born  at 
Philadelphia  in  1744;  was  educated  for 
the  mercantile  profession,  and,  after  a  tour 
in  Europe,  entered  that  business  with  his 
brother.  In  1772  he  was  a  Representative, 
from  Philadelphia,  in  the  Provincial  As 
sembly,  and  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1774  to  1776.  He  distinguished  himself  as 
Major  in  the  army  at  the  battle  of  Lexing 
ton,  and  in  1776  was  appointed  Quarter 
master-General,  and  subsequently  Briga 
dier-General,  and  in  1777  attained  the  rank 
of  Major-Geueral.  He  was  active  iu  rais 
ing  new  regiments  for  the  war  previous  to 
the  battle  of  Trenton.  In  1782  he  was 
again  sent  as  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  serving  until  1783, and  was  Pres 
ident  of  that  body,  after  which  he  retired 
to  private  life.  In  1785  he  was  Speaker 
of  the  State  Legislature;  in  1787  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  which  framed 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and 
signed  that  instrument;  in  1788  he  was 
made  President  of  the  Supreme  Executive 
Council.  He  commanded  the  Pennsylva 
nia  troops  during  the  Whiskey  Insurrec 
tion  ;  and  in  1790  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  for  forming  the  State  Consti 
tution  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  chosen 
first  Governor ;  served  nine  years,  and  was 
again  sent  to  the  Legislature.  He  died 
January  21,  1800. 

Miles,  W.  Porcher.  —  Born  in 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in  July,  1828 ; 
prepared  for  college  at  the  "  Wellington 
School,"  and  graduated  at  the  Charleston 
College;  studied  law;  was  for  several 
years  Assistant  Professor  of  Mathematics 
in  Charleston  College ;  he  was  Mayor  of 
Charleston  in  1856  and  1857,  and  inaugu 
rated  the  present  police  system  of  that 


268 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


city,  and  also  the  present  system  of  tidal 
drains  for  the  same ;  and  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  South  Carolina,  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth.  Mr.  Miles  has  been 
a  frequent  contributor  to  the  "  Southern 
Quarterly  Review,"  and  has  delivered  a 
number  of  literary  and  patriotic  addresses. 
It  ought  to  be  mentioned,  that  when  the 
yellow  fever  was  raging  in  Norfolk,  in  1855, 
Mr.  Miles  visited  that  city  as  a  humani 
tarian,  and  for  that  conduct  was  rewarded 
with  the  office  of  Mayor  of  Charleston. 
His  Committees  have  been  those  on  Com 
merce,  and  Foreign  Affairs.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress.  Was  elect 
ed  a  member  of  the  South  Carolina  "  Se 
ceding  Convention  "  in  1860,  and  resigned 
his  seat  in  Congress.  Served  as  a  Colo 
nel  in  the  Rebellion,  and  as  a  member  of 
the  Confederate  Congress. 

Milled ge,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Savannah,  Georgia,  and  descended  from 
one  of  the  early  settlers  of  the  colony.  He 
frequently  served  in  the  Legislature,  and 
in  1780  he  was  appointed  Attorney-General 
of  the  State,  and  Governor  in  1802.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1792  to  1802,  excepting  one  term,  and  a 
Senator  of  the  United  States  from  1806  to 
1809,  serving  for  a  session  as  President 
pro  tern,  of  the  Senate.  He  was  the  prin 
cipal  founder  of  the  University  of  Geor 
gia,  and  presented  the  land  which  forms 
its  site.  He  died  at  his  country-seat,  at 
the  Sand  Hills,  February  9,  1818.  His 
memory  was  honored  by  an  act  of  the 
Legislature  calling  the  capital  of  the  State 
Milledgeville. 

Millen,  John* — He  was  born  in  Sa 
vannah,  Georgia,  in  1804 ;  was  educated  a 
lawyer ;  served  in  the  Legislature  of  Geor 
gia;  and  died  near  Savannah,  October  15, 
1843,  about  ten  days  after  his  election  to  a 
seat  in  the  National  House  of  Representa 
tives  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress. 

Miller,  Daniel  .F.  — Born  in  Alle- 
ghany  County,  Maryland,  October  4, 1814; 
studied  law  in  Pittsburg,  and  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1838;  emigrated  to  Iowa  in 
1839 ;  and  during  the  following  year  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that  Terri 
tory.  In  1848  he  was  the  Whig  candi 
date  for  Congress;  but  his  seat  having 
been  contested,  a  new  election  took  place 
in  1850,  when  he  was  elected  for  the  term 
ending  in  1851.  In  1856  he  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector,  since  which  time  he  has 
resided  in  Fort  Madison. 

Miller,  Daniel  J3T.— He  was  a  native 
of  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1823  to  1831.  Died  many 
years  ago. 

Miller,  George  F.  —  He  was  born 


in  Chillisquaque,  Northumberland  County, 
Pennsylvania,  Septembers,  1809;  received 
an  academical  education,  laboring  to  sup 
port  himself  during  vacations ;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1833 ;  took  an  ac 
tive  part  in  local  politics,  but  frequently 
declined  nominations  for  county  and  State 
offices;  was  for  a  number  of  years  Secre 
tary  of  the  Lewisburg  University  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  in  1864  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  tho 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Roads  and  Caiials,  and 
Expenditures  in  the  War  Department. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Pensions  and 
Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Miller,  Jacob  W. — Born  in  Morris 
Count3r,  New  Jersey,  in  1802 ;  bred  a  law 
yer;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  New  Jersey,  from  1841  to  1847;  and 
having  been  re-elected,  served  until  1853. 
Died  at  Morristovvn,  New  Jersey,  Sep 
tember  30,  1862. 

Miller,  Jesse. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1836  to  1837,  and  died  at  llarrisburg, 
August  20,  1850.  By  President  Jackson 
he  was  appointed  tirst  Auditor  of  the 
Treasury,  and  held  the  position  until 
1841.  He  was  also  Canal  Commissioner 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1845  and  1846,  and 
Secretary  of  State  from  1846  to  1848,  serv 
ing  for  a  short  time  as  acting  Governor 
of  the  State. 

Miller,  JoJin.  —  Born  in  Amenia, 
Duchess  County,  New  York,  November 
10,  1774 ;  educated  at  private  schools ;  in 
1793  commenced  the  study  of  medicine 
and  attended  lectures  at  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania;  was  chosen  Vice-Presi 
dent  of  the  Cortlaud  County  Medical  As 
sociation,  in  1808;  from  1805  to  1825  he 
was  Postmaster  of  Truxton;  from  1812 
to  1821  he  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in 
1817, 1820  and  1845;  was  a  Representative 
from  New  York,  to  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress  ;  and  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention"  of  1846.  Died  in 
March,  1862. 

Miller,  John. — He  was  distinguished 
for  his  courage  as  an  officer  in  the  last 
war  with  England ;  soon  after  the  strug 
gle,  he  was  appointed  Register  of  the 
Land  Office  in  Missouri;  subsequently 
elected  Governor  of  the  State ;  and  he  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  1837 
to  1843.  Died  near  Florrissant,  Missouri, 
March  18,  1846. 

Miller,  John  G.— Born  in  Kentucky, 
and  in  1835  emigrated  to  Missouri.  lu 
1840  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature, 
and  from  1853  to  the  time  of  his  death  ha 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 


EIOGXAPIIICAL    EECOEDS. 


269 


Missouri.    Died  in  Saline  County,  Mis 
souri,  May  11,  1856,  aged  forty-four. 

Miller,  John  K. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1851. 

Wilier,  Joseph, — He  was  born  in 
Ohio ;  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on 
Unfinished  Business,  and  Expenditures  in 
the  Navy  Department. 

Miller,  Killian*  —Born  in  Claverack, 
Columbia  County,  New  York,  July  30, 
1785;  received  a  good  common-school 
education,  with  instruction  in  the  Latin 
and  Greek  languages.  He  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  180G; 
from  that  time  continued  to  pursue  his 
profession,  removing  from  Livingston  to 
Hudson  City  in  1833.  In  1824  and  in  1827 
he  was  a  member  of  the  General  Assem 
bly,  and  in  1837  was  elected  County  Clerk, 
which  office  he  held  for  three  years.  In 
1854  he  was  chosen  a  Representative  in 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Miller,  Morris  S. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1813  to  1815;  and  in  1819  was  ap 
pointed  a  Commissioner  to  superintend  a 
treaty  with  the  Seneca  Indians.  He  was 
also  Judge  of  a  County  Court,  and  died  at 
Utica,  November  15,  1824,  aged  forty-five 
years. 

Miller,  Nathan.— He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  Rhode 
Island,  in  1785  and  1786. 

Miller,  Pleasant  M. — He  was  a 

Eepresentative.  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  from  1809  to  1811. 

Miller,  Butger  J3.—  Born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  in  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
in  the  place  of  S.  Beardsley,  resigned. 

Miller,  Samuel  .F.— He  was  born  in 
Franklin,  Delaware  County,  New  York, 
May  27,  1827 ;  graduated  at  Hamilton  Col 
lege  in  1852 ;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1853,  but  instead  of  practising  the 
profession  turned  his  attention  to  farming 
and  lumbering.  In  1854  he  was  elected  to 
the  New  York  Legislature;  in  1850  and 
1857  he  was  Supervisor  of  Franklin ;  was 
for  fifteen  years  identified  as  a  Colonel 
with  the  State  Militia ;  and  in  1862  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
«'ne  Committee  on  Public  Lands.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Constitution 
al  Convention  "  of  1867. 

Miller,  Smith.— He  is  a  native  of 
North  Carolina,  but  when  a  youth  removed 


with  his  father  to  Indiana.  His  school 
education  was  limited,  and  he  engaged  in 
farming  as  an  occupation.  He  was  a 
member  of  both  branches  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Indiana,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1853  to  1855. 

Miller,  Stephen  J>.—  He  was  born  in 
the  Waxsavv  Settlement,  South  Carolina, 
in  May,  1787;  graduated  at  the  South 
Carolina  College  in  1808 ;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law ;  came  to  the  bar  in  1812; 
served  in  the  South  Carolina  Senate  in 
1822;  represented  his  native  State  in  the 
Lower  House  of  Congress  from  1819  to 
1820;  was  Governor  of  South  Carolina 
from  1828  to  1830 ;  and  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress  for  the  term  from  1831  to  1837, 
but  resigned  on  account  of  his  health  at 
the  end  of  two  years.  He  died  at  Ray 
mond,  Mississippi,  March  8,  1838,  having 
removed  to  that  State  in  1835,  where  he 
was  an  extensive  planter. 

Miller,  William  H.— Born  in  Perry 
County,  Pennsylvania,  January  29,  1828; 
graduated  at  Marshall  College,  Franklin, 
Pennsylvania;  in  1854  was  appointed 
Clerk  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  his  native 
State,  which  office  he  held  until  1863 ;  and 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  In 
valid  Pensions.  His  father,  Jesse  Miller, 
was  also  a  Representative  in  Congress. 

Miller,  William  S.  —  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1845  to  1847,  and  a  man  of 
high  cultivation.  He  died  in  New  York 
City,  November  9,  1854. 

Milligan,  John  J. — Born  in  Cecil 
County,  Maryland,  December  10,  1795; 
after  receiving  an  academical  education, 
he  entered  Princeton  College,  and  re 
mained  three  years ;  he  then  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  New  Cas 
tle  County,  Delaware,  in  1818,  and  pur 
sued  his  profession  for  several  years,  but 
subsequently  retired  to  a  country  seat 
near  Wilmington.  In  1830  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  Congress  from  Delaware,  and  served 
from  1831  to  1839.  In  1839  he  Avas  ap 
pointed,  by  the  Governor,  Judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  the  State  of  Delaware, 
and  has  continued  in  this  position  ever 
since. 

Mills,  Elijah  H.—  Born  in  1778; 
graduated  at  Williams  College  in  1797; 
studied  law;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1815 
to  1819,  and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
1820  to  1827.  He  died  at  Northampton, 
May  5,  1829. 

Millson,  John  S.— Born  in  Norfolk, 
Virginia,  October  1, 1808,  and  commenced 


270 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


the  study  of  law  before  the  age  of  six 
teen  ;  he  held  no  public  office  until  elected 
a  Representative  from  Virginia  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  which  position 
he  filled,  by  re-elections,  until  1860, 
-serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  Commerce,  and  Ways  and  Means,  and 
of  the  Special  Committee  of  Thirty-three 
on  the  Rebellious  States.  In  1844  and 
1849  he  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Millward,  John.—  Born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Patents. 

'Millward,  William. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855 
to  1857. 

Milnor,  James. —  He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  June  20,  1773;  he  received 
his  education  at  a  grammar  school  and  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  sub 
sequently  studied  law.  In  1794  he  com 
menced  the  practice  of  his  profession  be 
fore  he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age. 
From  1811  to  1813  he  was  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Pennsylvania,  in  Congress.  In 
1811  he  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the 
General  Convention  of  the  Episcopal 
Church,  and  in  1814  was  ordained  a  cler 
gyman  by  Bishop  White,  and  in  1816  was 
called  to  the  rectorship  of  St.  George's 
Church,  in  New  York.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  New  York  Deaf  and  Dumb 
Institution,  and  after  spending  the  even 
ing  in  company  with  its  directors,  in  ap 
parent  good  health,  died  suddenly,  April 
8,  1845. 

Milnor,  William. — He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1807 
to  1811,  from  1815  to  1817,  and  again  from 
1821  to  1822. 

Miner,  Ahiman  L. — He  was  born 
in  Vermont;  was  Clerk  of  the  Vermont 
House  of  Representatives  in  1836  and 
1837 ;  a  State  Representative  in  1838, 1839 
and  1845;  a  State  Senator  in  1840;  Coun 
ty  Attorney  for  two  years ;  Register  of 
Probate  for  seven  years ;  Judge  of  Pro 
bate  from  1846  to  1849 ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1851  to  1853. 

Miner,  Charles.— He  was  born  in 
Norwich,  Connecticut,  about  the  year 
1778;  when  a  boy  of  nineteen,  removed 
with  his  father  to  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  subsequently  settled  in  West- 
Chester,  and  for  many  years  published  the 
"Village  Record"  in  that  place,  which  at 
tained  a  high  position.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1825  to  1829,  and  declined  a  re-elec 


tion  on  account  of  deafness.  lie  was  the 
author  of  an  interesting  work  entitled 
"  History  of  Wyoming;  "  and  was  one  of 
the  first  men  in  this  country  to  introduce 
and  write  upon  the  silk-growing  business. 
Died  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylvania.  Octo 
ber,  26,  1865,  universally  respected  for  his 
high  character  and  ability. 

Miner,  Phineas. — He  was  an  emi 
nent  lawyer,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Connecticut,  during  the  years 
1834  and  1835,  for  an  unexpired  term.  He 
died  at  Litchflcld,  in  that  State,  Septem 
ber  16,  1839,  aged  sixty  years. 

Mitchell,  Anderson. — Born  in  Gas- 
well  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1800.  He 
graduated  at  the  University  of  tlwit  State 
in  1821 ;  studied  law,  and  settled  in  Wilkes 
County  in  1840,  when  he  was  immediately 
elected  to  the  Legislature.  He  was  a 
member  of  Congress  in  1842  and  1843; 
and  was  subsequently  devoted  to  his  pro 
fession. 

Mitchell,     Charles   B.  —  He   was 

elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Arkan 
sas,  for  the  term  of  six  years,  commenc 
ing  March  4,  1SG1,  but  was  expelled  by 
the  Senate  July  11,  1861. 

Mitchell,  Charles  F.—  He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1841. 

Mitchell,  George  E.—  He  was  born 
in  Cecil  County,  Maryland,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1823  to  1827,  and  again  from  1829  to 
1832.  He  died  in  Washington,  June  28, 
1832. 

Mitchell,  Henry.— He  was  born  in 
Woodbury,  Connecticut,  in  1784  ;  received 
a  liberal  education,  and  adopted  the:  pro 
fession  of  medicine;  after  practising  for 
a  while  in  Connecticut  he  removed  to  New 
York,  and,  after  receiving  from  Yale  Col 
lege  the  title  of  M. I).,  practised  his  pro 
fession  in  New  York  with  eminent  success ; 
in  1827  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  his  adopted  State ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1833  to  1835.  Died  in  Norwich,  New 
York,  January  12,  1858. 

MitcJiell,  James  C.— He  was  born 
in  Mecklenburg  County,  North  Carolina, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Tennessee,  from  1825  to  1829. 

Mitchell,  James  £.— He  was  born 
in  York  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1821  to  1827. 

Mitchell,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Perry  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


271 


Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1825  to  1829.  He  died  at 
Beaver,  Pennsylvania,  iu  August,  1849. 

Mitchell,  Nahum.  —  Born  in  East 
Brldgewnter,  Massachusetts,  February  12, 
1709 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1789 ;  taught  school,  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1792.  From  1811 
to  1821  he  was  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court 
of  Common  Pleas,  and  afterwards  Chief 
Justice.  From  1798  to  1812  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  the  General  Court ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1803  to 
1805.  In  1813  to  1814  he  was  State  Sena 
tor;  and  from  1814  to  1820  he  was  one  of 
the  Governor's  Council ;  and  from  1822  to 
1827  he  was  Treasurer  of  the  State.  In 
1840  he  -published  a  History  of  Bridge- 
water.  Massachusetts ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society; 
and  published  a  volume  of  sacred  music, 
entitled  the  "Bridgewater  Collection." 
He  fell  and  died  suddenly  in  one  of  the 
streets  of  Plymouth,  August  1, 1853,  while 
attending  the  first  celebration  of  the  em 
barkation  of  the  Pigrims  at  Delft  Haven. 

Mitchell,  Nathaniel.  —  He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Delaware,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  178G  to  1788. 

Mitchell,  Robert .— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1833  to  1835,  from  Ohio. 

Mitchell,  Samuel  Latham.— Born 
on  Long  Island  in  17G3,  and  was  well  edu 
cated  ;  after  the  close  of  the  war  he  went 
to  Edinburgh,  and  there  studied  medicine 
and  natural  history.  On  his  return  he 
was  appointed  Professor  of  Chemistry  and 
Natural  History  in  Columbia  College;  and 
his  practice  as  a  physician  was  extensive ; 
he  edited,  with  Dr.  Smith,  fourteen  vol 
umes  of  the  "Medical  Repository;"  he 
also  published  a  "Life  of  Tammany,"  the 
Indian  chief,  and  other  useful  works,  his 
torical  and  scientific.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1801  to  1804,  and  again  from  1810  to 
1813;  and  a  Senator  from  1804  to  1809. 
He  died  in  New  York,  September  8,  1831. 
A  work  that  he  published  anonymously, 
entitled  "  A  Picture  of  New  York,"  sug 
gested  to  Washington  Irving  his  "Knick 
erbocker's  History  of  New  York." 

Mitchell,  Stephen  M.— He  was  born 
at  Wethersfleld,  Connecticut,  December 
27,  1743;  graduated  at  Yale  College  iu 
1763;  was  chosen  a  tutor  in  the  College  in 
1766,  in  which  station  he  continued  three 
years ;  he  entered  upon  the  practice  of 
law  iu  1772 ;  was  appointed  in  1779  a  Judge 
of  the  Hartford  County  Court,  and  in  1790 
placed  at  the  head  of  that  Court;  in  1795 
he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  Connecticut;  and  in  1807  Chief 
Justice  of  that  Court,  which  office  he  held 


until  1814,  when  he  became  disqualified 
by  age.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  old 
Congress  in  1783  and  1785;  and  in  1793 
he  was  appointed  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  which  position  he  held  until  1795; 
and  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1805. 
It  was  to  his  services,  while  in  Congress, 
that  Connecticut  was  greatly  indebted  for 
the  establishment  of  her  title  to  the  tract 
of  land  in  Ohio  called  the  "  Western  Re 
serve."  He  died  in  the  place  of  his  birth, 
September  30,  1835.  In  him  were  com 
bined  the  dignity  of  the  Christian,  the 
purity  of  the  patriot,  and  the  virtues  of 
the  faithful  public  servant  and  useful  citi 
zen.  The  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred 
upon  him  by  Yale  College. 

MitcJiell,  Thomas  R.  —  Born  in 
Georgetown,  South  Carolina;  he  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  University  in  1802 ;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1821  to  1823,  from  1825  to 
1829,  and  again  from  1831  to  1833 ;  he  died 
in  1837. 

Mitchell,  William.— lie  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  elected  a  Representative 
from  Indiana  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Indi 
an  Affairs.  He  was  a  lawyer  by  profes 
sion,  and  died  in  Macon,  Georgia,  in 
September,  1865. 

Mofflt,  Hosea.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York;  served  six  years  in  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1813  to  1817. 

Molony,  Richard  S. — He  was  born 
in  Northficld,  New  Hampshire ;  entered 
Dartmouth  College  in  1836,  but  left  the 
institution  before  the  close  of  the  follow 
ing  year  and  commenced  the  study  of 
medicine;  removed  to  Illinois,  and  set 
tled  at  Belvidere,  Boone  County,  in  the 
practice  of  the  medical  profession;  and 
was  a  Representative,  from  Illinois,  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  having  succeed 
ed  his  friend  and  college  classmate,  John 
Wentworth. 

Monell,  Robert. — He  was  a  native 
of  Columbia  County,  New  York,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1821,  and  again  from 
1829  to  1831.  Died  in  December,  1860. 

Monroe,  James. — Born  April  28, 
1758,  in  Westmoreland  County,  Virginia. 
He  was  educated  at  William  and  Mary 
College.  In  1776  he  joined  the  army  iu 
the  Revolutionary  war,  and  continued 
with  it  until  1778,  having  displayed  great 
bravery,  when  he  retired  and  engaged  in 
the  study  of  law.  In  1780  he  held  the 
office  of  Military  Commissioner  for  Vir 
ginia,  and  in  that  capacity  visited  the 
Southern  army.  In  1782  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Virginia  Assembly;  and  iu 


272 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


1783  a  Delegate  to  Congress.  In  1788  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Convention,  in  Vir 
ginia,  to  deliberate  on  the  proposed  Con 
stitution  for  the  United  States.  In  1790 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  from  Virginia.  In  1794  he  received 
the  appointment  of  Minister  Plenipoten 
tiary  to  France,  and  was  recalled  in  1797. 
In  1799  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Vir 
ginia.  In  1802  he  was  sent  on  a  special 
mission  to  France,  which  resulted  in  the 
purchase  of  Louisiana.  In  1803  he  was 
appointed  Minister  to  England;  and  in 
1805  he  was  associated  with  Charles 
Piuckney  to  negotiate  with  Spain.  Dur 
ing  his  residence  in  England,  he  and  Mr. 
William  Pinckney  negotiated  a  commer 
cial  treaty  with  Great  Britain,  but  it  was 
never  submitted  to  the  Senate  by  Presi 
dent  Jefferson.  He  returned  to  America 
in  1808.  In  1811  he  was  Governor  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  the  same  year  received,  from 
President  Madison,  the  appointment  of 
Secretary  of  State,  which  office  he  held 
until  his  election  as  President,  March  4, 
1817.  During  a  part  of  the  time,  in  1814 
and  1815,  he  also  performed  the  duties  of 
Secretarv  of  War.  He  was  again  elected 
President  in  1821.  He  died  July  4,  1831. 

Montanya,  J.  D.  L. — He  was  born 
in  New  York ;  served  two  years  in  the  As 
sembly  of  that  State ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1839  to  1841. 

Montgomery,  Daniel. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1807  to  1809. 

Montgomery,  John. — He   was   a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1807  to  1811. 

Montgomery,  John  G.— He   was 

born  in  Northumberland,  Pennsylvania  in 
1805 ;  graduated  at  Washington  College,  in 
1824 ;  came  to  the  bar  in  1827 ;  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature  in  1855 ;  and  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress  from  Pennsylvania,  but  died  before 
taking  his  seat,  of  the  mysterious  National 
Hotel  disease,  at  Danville,  Pennsylvania, 
April  24,  1857,  aged  fifty-two  years. 

Montgomery,  Joseph.— Hie  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  from  1780  to  1784.  He 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1755, 
and  also  took  a  degree  at  Yale  College  in 
1760. 

Montgomery,   Thomas.— He  was 

born  in  Nelson  County,  Virginia ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1813  to  1815,  and  again  from 
1821  to  1823.  Died  April  2,  1828. 

Montgomery,  William.— Re  was  a 


Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1793  to  1795. 

Montgomery,  William.— Horn  in 

Guilford  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was 
educated  for  the  medical  profession.  He 
was  elected  to  the  General  Assembly  in 
1824,  where  he  served,  with  but  one  inter 
mission,  until  1834,  when  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  and  continued 
in  that  position  until  1841.  He  died  No 
vember  27,  1844,  aged  fifty-three  years. 

Montgomery,   William.— Horn  in 

Canton  Township,  Pennsylvania,  April  11, 
1819;  graduated  at  Washington  College, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1839 ;  he  studied  law, 
mid  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842;  and 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  in  1856,  serving  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals. 

Moor,  Wyman  B.  S.— Born  in 
Waterville,  Maine,  November  3,  1811; 
graduated  at  Waterville  College ;  studied 
law  at  Cambridge,  and  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1834;  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
Legislature  in  1839 ;  was  Attorney-General 
of  that  State  from  1844  to  1848;  and,  by 
appointment,  succeeded  John  Fairfleld  as 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  serving  from  Jan 
uary  to  June,  1848.  He  subsequently  de 
voted  much  attention  to  the  railroad  in 
terests  of  his  State,  and  in  1857  was 
appointed  by  President  Buchanan  Consnl- 
General  for  the  British  American  Prov 
inces. 

Moore,  Andrew.— Re  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1789  to  1797,  and  again  from  1803  to  1804, 
when  he  was  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  but  was  superseded  by  W. 
B.  Giles.  He  was  one  of  those  who  voted 
for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on 
the  Potomac.  Died  in  May,  1821. 

Moore,  Ely. — He  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  and  educated  as  a  printer ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1835  to  1839 ;  was  appointed 
Marshal  of  New  York  by  President  Polk ; 
subsequently  edited  a  newspaper  in  New 
Jersey ;  was  appointed  Indian  Agent  in 
Kansas  Territory ;  and  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  was  Register  of  a  Land  Office  in 
Kansas.  Died  January  26,  1860. 

Moore,  Gabriel. — He  was  born  in 
Stokes  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ala 
bama,  from  1822  to  1829;  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  1831  to  1837;  and  died  at 
Caddo,  Texas,  in  1844. 

Moore,  Henry  D.—He  was  born  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


273 


Goshen,  Orange  County,  New  York,  April, 
17,  1817 ;  received  his  education  at  one  of 
the  public  schools  of  New  York  City; 
when  sixteen  years  of  age  he  acquired  a 
knowledge  of  the  tailoring  business,  which 
he  followed  until  1843 ;  in  that  year  he  re 
moved  to  Philadelphia,  and  became  in 
terested  in  the  marble  business ;  and  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1849  to  1853.  For 
several  years  after  leaving  Congress  he 
was  Treasurer  of  Pennsylvania. 

.Moore,  Heman  Allen. —  He  was 

born  in  Plaiufield,  Vermont,  in  1810; 
studied  law  in  Rochester,  New  York,  and 
removing  to  Columbus,  Ohio,  obtained 
distinction  as  a  lawyer;  was  appointed 
Adjutant-General  of  the  State  Militia; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1843  to  the  time  of 
his  death,  which  occurred  in  Columbus, 
April  3,  1844. 

.Moore,  J~ohn. —  Born  in  Berkeley 
County,  Virginia,  in  1788 ;  and,  having  re 
moved  to  Louisiana,  became  an  active 
politician.  From  1825  to  1834  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature ;  also 
served  several  years  in  the  State  Senate ; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Louisiana,  from  1841  to  1843,  and  again 
from  1851  to  1853;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1849;  a  Delegate  to  the  se 
ceding  "  State  Convention  "  of  1861 ;  and 
died  in  Louisiana,  in  June,  1867. 

Moore,  Laban  T. — Born  in  Cabell 
County,  Virginia,  January  13,  1829;  re 
ceived  a  limited  education;  removed  to 
Kentucky,  and  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Man 
ufactures.  He  also  served  as  a  Colonel 
in  the  army  during  the  Rebellion. 

Moore,    Nicholas  R.  —  He   was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1803  to  1811,  and  again  from 
1813  to  1816.  Died  at  Baltimore  in  1816. 

Moore,  Oscar  F. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857. 

Moore,  Robert.— He  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1817  to  1821. 

Moore,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Cumberland  County,  New  Jersey,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1819  to  1822.  He  was  a 
physician,  and  died  February  18,  186] . 

Moore,  S.  McD. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
18 


Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1835.     Served  in  the  Rebellion. 

Moore,  Sydenham  E.  —  Born  in 
Rutherford  County,  Tennessee,  but  re 
moved  to  Alabama,  with  his  parents,  soon 
after  its  admission  as  a  State ;  he  was  ed 
ucated  at  the  University  of  Alabama;  was 
bred  to  the  profession  of  the  law ;  was' 
Judge  of  the  County  Court  of  Greene 
County,  Alabama,  for  six  years,  and  for  a 
short  time  also  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  that 
State;  resigned  his  judgeship,  and  went 
to  Mexico  as  Captain  of  a  Volunteer  Com 
pany,  and  served  one  year,  a  portion  of 
the  time  in  General  Taylor's  line,  on  the 
Rio  Grande,  and  also  in  General  Scott's 
line,  at  Tampico,  Vera  Cruz,  Alvarado, 
and  Jalapa;  and,  on  his  return  home,  was 
elected  Brigadier-General  of  Militia;  and 
was  chosen  in  1857,  a  member  of  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress;  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 
Took  part  in  the  Rebellion  as  a  Colonel. 

Moore,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1801  to  1813,  and  again  from 
1815  to  1817. 

Moore,  Thomas  P.— He  was  born 
in  Charlotte  County,  Virginia,  in  1795; 
was  an  officer  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  1823  to  1829,  from 
Kentucky;  Minister  to  the  Republic  of 
Colombia  in  1829;  and  Lieutenant-Col 
onel  in  the  regular  army  during  the  war 
with  Mexico.  His  last  public  position 
was  that  of  member  of  the  Convention 
for  revising  the  Constitution  of  Kentucky. 
He  died  in  Harrodsburg,  Kentucky,  July 
21,  1853. 

Moore,  Thomas  8.— He  was  born 
in  Jeft'erson  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1820  to  1823. 

Moore,  William.— He  was  born  In 
Montgomery  County,  Pennylvania,  De 
cember  25,  1810;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  worked  on  a  farm,  and 
was  a  clerk  in  a  country  store  for  some 
years ;  was  subsequently  devoted  to  mer 
cantile  pursuits  in  Atlantic  County,  New 
Jersey ;  spent  nineteen  years  as  Agent  of 
the  Weymouth  Iron  Works;  was  for  a 
time  engaged  in  ship-building  and  the 
coasting  trade ;  was  twice  elected  a  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Atlan 
tic  County,  serving  in  all  ten  years ;  and 
in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Man 
ufactures,  and  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds. 

Moorhead,  James   Kennedy.  — 

Born  on  the  Susquehanna  River,  Penn- 


274 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


sylvania,  in  1806;  received  a  limited  edu 
cation;  spent  the  most  of  his  youth  on  a 
farm  and  as  an  apprentice  to  a  tanner; 
was  one  of  the  contractors  for  building 
the  Susquehanna  branch  of  the  Pennsyl 
vania  Canal ;  was  the  originator  of  a  pas 
senger  packet-line  on  said  canal.  In  1836 
he  removed  to  Pittsburg,  and  there  took 
an  active  part  in  improving  the  naviga 
tion  of  the  Mouongahela,  and  was  made 
President  of  a  Company  bearing  that 
name,  and  established  in  that  city  the 
Union  Cotton  Factory;  in  1838  he  re 
ceived  the  Militia  title  of  Adjutant-Gen 
eral;  and  subsequently,  taking  a  great  in 
terest  in  the  business  of  telegraphing, 
became  the  President  of  several  telegraph 
companies.  In  1859  he  was  elected  a 
Eepresentative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce ;  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  special 
Committee  on  National  Armories;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Manufactures  and  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Naval  Affairs ;  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Ways  and  Means,  and  again 
at  the  head  of  the  Committee  on  Manufac 
tures.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress. 

Morehead,   Charles  8,  —  He  was 

born  in  Nelson  County,  Kentucky,  in  1802 ; 
he  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and, 
after  practising  it  for  a  few  years,  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  serving 
during  1828  and  1829 ;  he  was  appointed 
in  1832  Attorney-General  of  Kentucky, 
which  office  he  held  five  years ;  in  1838, 
1839,  and  1840,  he  was  again  returned  to 
the  Legislature,  officiating  during  the  lat 
ter  year  as  Speaker;  was  re-elected  and 
made  Speaker  in  1841 ;  was  again  re-elect 
ed  in  1842  and  1844,  and  for  the  third  time 
chosen  Speaker ;  and  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1847  to  1851.  In  1853  he  was  once  more 
returned  to  the  Legislature,  and  in  1855 
was  elected  Governor  of  Kentucky.  He 
was  for  many  years  one  of  the  most  de 
voted  friends  and  supporters  of  Henry 
Clay.  In  18G1  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
"Peace  Convention"  held  in  Washington. 

Morehead,  I.  T.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Morehead,  James  T. — Born  in  Cov- 
ingtou,  Kentucky,  May  24,  1797 ;  studied 
law,  and  entered  upon  the  practice  in  1818. 
He  served  three  years  in  the  State  Legis 
lature  ;  in  1832  he  was  elected  Lieutenant- 
Governor  of  Kentucky,  and  after  the  death 
of  Governor  Breathitt,  in  1834,  became 
Governor.  In  1837  he  was  again  elected 
to  the  Legislature,  and  in  1838  he  was  ap 


pointed  President  of  the  Board  of  Internal 
Improvements,  which  office  he  held  until 
1841,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  the  term  of  six  years. 
He  subsequently  resumed  the  practice  of 
his  profession,  and  died  at  Covington, 
Kentucky,  December  28,  1854. 

Morgan,  Christopher.  —  He  was 
born  in  Groton,  Connecticut;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1828 ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1839  to  1843.  He  was  Secretary  of 
State  of  New  York,  from  1848  to  1852,  and 
Mayor  of  Auburn  in  1860. 

Morgan,  Daniel. — Was  a  native  of 
New  Jersey,  but  removed  in  early  life  to 
Virginia.  Having  neither  the  advantages 
of  wealth  nor  of  a  good  education,  he  was 
dependent  for  his  support  on  hard  labor. 
In  1755  he  served  as  a  private  soldier  un 
der  General  Braddock.  At  the  close  of 
the  campaign  he  retired  to  a  farm  in  Fred 
erick  County.  At  the  commencement  of 
the  Revolution  he  commanded  a  troop  of 
Cavalry,  under  General  Washington,  at 
Boston.  He  was  detached  on  the  expedi 
tion  against  Quebec,  and  when  Arnold  was 
wounded  he  took  command  of  his  division ; 
but  the  retreat  of  the  other  division,  after 
the  fall  of  Montgomery,  left  Morgan  to 
contend  with  the  whole  force  of  the  enemy, 
and  he  was  taken  prisoner.  On  being  ex 
changed,  he  was  appointed  to  the  com 
mand  of  a  regiment.  He  was  with  Gen 
eral  Gates  at  the  capture  of  Burgoyue.  In 
1778  he  commanded  a  corps  on  the  Schuyl- 
kill  to  cut  off  supplies  from  the  British  in 
Philadelphia.  He  served  in  the  Southern 
campaign,  under  General  Greene,  and  ad 
vanced  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-General, 
receiving  from  Congress  a  gold  medal  for 
the  skill  and  bravery  he  displayed  at  the 
battle  of  Cowpens  in  the  defeat  of  Tarle- 
ton.  In  1794  he  commanded  the  Militia 
of  Virginia,  ordered  out  by  President 
Washington  for  the  purpose  of  suppress 
ing  the  Whiskey  Insurrection  in  Pennsyl 
vania.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1795  to  1799.  In  1799  he 
published  an  address  to  his  constituents, 
vindicating  the  administration  of  Mr. 
Adams.  He  died  at  Winchester,  Virgin 
ia,  in  1802,  aged  sixty-nine. 

Morgan,  Edivin  B. — Born  at  Auro 
ra,  Cayuga  County,  New  York,  May  2, 
1806.  He  was  a  merchant  by  occupation, 
until  his  election  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress  as  a  Representative;  and  he  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congresses,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds. 

Morgan,    Edivin    D.  —  Born    in 

Washington,  Berkshire  County,  Massa 
chusetts,  February  8,  1811;  at  the  age  of 
seventeen  he  entered  a  wholesale  grocery 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


275 


house  in  Hartford,  Connecticut,  as  a  clerk, 
and  in  three  years  became  a  partner;  soon 
after  attaining  his  majority  he  was  chosen 
a  member  of  the  City  Council  of  Hartford ; 
in  1836  he  settled  in  New  York  City,  and 
was  extensively  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  in  1849  he  was  chosen  an  Alder 
man  of  the  city ;  during  the  same  year  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  served 
two  terms ;  in  1855  he  was  appointed 
Commissioner  of  Emigration,  and  held  the 
office  until  1858 ;  was  Vice-President  of  the 
"National  Republican  Convention"  held 
at  Pittsburg  in  185G ;  since  then  has  been 
Chairman  of  the  National  Republican  Com 
mittee  ;  in  1858  he  was  elected  Governor  of 
New  York,  and  re-elected  in  1860;  in  18G1 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln, 
Major-General  of  Volunteers,  and,  though 
he  rendered  much  service,  declined  all 
compensation,  the  number  of  troops  sent 
to  the  war  during  his  administration 
amounting  to  two  hundred  and  twenty- 
three  thousand ;  in  18G3  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress  from  New  York  for 
the  term  ending  in  1860,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Commerce,  Manufactures, 
the  Pacific  Railroad,  Military  Affairs, 
Printing,  Mines  and  Mining,  Finance,  and 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the 
Library.  By  virtue  of  his  being  Chair 
man  of  the  National  Union  Executive 
Committee  he  was  present  at  the  "  Balti 
more  Convention  "  of  1864,  and  opened  its 
proceedings.  On  the  retirement  of  Sec 
retary  Fessenden,  President  Lincoln  of 
fered  him  the  Secretaryship  of  the  Treas 
ury,  which  he  declined.  In  1866  he  was 
appointed  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention,"  but  did  not  take 
any  part  in  its  proceedings ;  and  in  1867 
he  received  from  Williams  College  the  de 
gree  of  LL.D. 

Morgan,  George  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Washington,  Pennsylvania,  September 
20,  1820;  in  1836  he  left  college,  and,  as  a 
private,  joined  a  company  commanded  by 
his  brother,  and  went  to  assist  Texas  in 
gaining  her  independence,  in  which  ser 
vice  he  rose  to  the  rank  of  Captain ;  in 
1843  he  settled  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio, 
and  adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  served 
in  the  Mexican  war  as  Colonel  of  the  Sec 
ond  Ohio  Infantry,  and  for  his  services  at 
the  battles  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco 
he  was  brevetted  a  Brigadier-General  in 
the  regular  army;  in  1855  he  was  appoint 
ed  Consul  at  Marseilles ;  in  1858  he  was 
appointed  Minister  Resident  at  Lisbon;  on 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion,  as  Brig 
adier-General  of  Volunteers  he  had  com 
mand  of  the  Seventh  Division  of  the  Army 
of  the  Ohio;  was  with  General  Sherman 
at  Vicksburg ;  was  assigned  to  the  Thir 
teenth  Army  Corps,  and  was  in  command 
at  the  taking  of  Fort  Henderson,  in  Arkan 
sas,  and,  on  account  of  his  loss  of  health, 
resigned  his  command  in  1863.  In  18G5 
he  was  the  unsuccessful  candidate  for 


Governor  of  Ohio,  and  in  1866  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  In  1868  his 
seat  was  contested  by  Columbus  Delano, 
and  his  claims  rejected. 

Morgan,  James. — He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1811  to 
1813. 

Morgan,  John  J". — He  was  born  in 
Queen's  County,  New  York,  and  was  a. 
member  of  the  New  York  Assembly;  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1821  to  1825;  and  again  in  the 
Assembly  in  183G  and  1840.  Died  July  29, 
1849,  aged  eighty  years. 

Morgan,  William  S.—  Born  in  Mo- 
nongalia  County,  Virginia,  September  7, 
1801.  He  was  self-educated;  served  as  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1S35  to  1839,  and  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Pensions,  and  declined  a  re-election;  in 
1840  he  was  appointed  a  Clerk  in  th,e  House 
of  Representatives,  from  which  position  he 
was  transferred  to  the  Legislature  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  declined  a  re-election ;  he  was 
a  Democratic  Elector  in  1844 ;  and  in  1845, 
having  injured  his  health  by  public  speak 
ing,  he  was  appointed  to  a  Clerkship  in  the 
Treasury  Department. 

Morrell,  Daniel  J,— He  was  born 
in  North  Berwick,  Maine,  August  8,  1821 ; 
received  a  common-school  education ;  set 
tled  in  Philadelphia  in  183G,  and  followed 
the  mercantile  business  as  clerk  and  prin 
cipal  until  1855,  when  he  entered  into  the 
business  of  manufacturing  iron  at  Johns 
town,  Pennsylvania;  served  for  a  time  in 
the  councils  of  the  town,  and  in  1866  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Manu 
factures,  and  on  that  on  Freedman's 
Affairs. 

Morrll,  David  L. — Born  in  Epping, 
New  Hampshire,  June  10,  1772,  and  died 
February  4,  1849.  He  attended  Exeter 
Academy,  studied  medicine,  and  com 
menced  the  practice  at  Epsom  in  1793. 
He  also  studied  theology,  and  was  or 
dained  a  pastor,  but  resigned  his  charge 
in  1811,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  medi 
cine.  He  was  a  Representative  to  the 
General  Court  in  1811,  1812,  and  1816,  and 
in  1816  was  chosen  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  six  years.  He  subsequently 
became  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  and 
its  President,  and  afterwards,  for  four 
successive  terms,  was  elected  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire.  He  wrote  and  pub 
lished  many  occasional  discourses  and  es 
says  on  various  religious  and  secular 
topics. 


276 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


Morrill,  Anson  P.  —  Was  born  in 
Belgrade,  Maine,  June  10,  1803 ;  received 
the  advantages  of  a  common-school  edu 
cation  ;  has  been  chiefly  devoted  to  mer 
cantile  and  manufacturing  pursuits ;  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  Maine 
Legislature ;  was  Goveraor  of  Maine  in 
1855,  and  in  18GO  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  from  Maine  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads  and  Rev 
olutionary  Claims. 

Morrill,  Justin  S.— He  was  born  in 
Straffortl,  Vermont,  April  14,  1810;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education,  and  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  until  the  year  1848, 
when  he  turned  his  attention  to  agricul 
ture.  He  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Vermont,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress;  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth, 
the  Thirty-sixth,  the  Thirty-seventh,  and 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congresses,  serving  on 
the  Special  Committee  on  the  Sale  of  Fort 
Suelling,  and  on  the  regular  Committees 
on  Agriculture  and  on  Ways  and  Means. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Special  Com 
mittee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious 
States  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Ways  and  Means,  and  as  a  member  of 
those  on  the  Death  of  President  Lincoln 
and  on  Reconstruction.  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention"  of  1866;  and  in  October,  1866,  he 
was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Vermont,  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1867,  and  ending  in  1873,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Finance,  Post  Offices,  and 
Claims. 

Morrill,  Lot  HI. — Was  born  in  Bel 
grade,  Kennebec  County,  Maine,  in  1815; 
entered  Waterville  College  in  1834,  but 
soon  after  commenced  the  study  of  law, 
and  in  1839  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  in 
1854;  of  the  Senate  in  1856,  and  made  its 
President;  he  was  elected  Governor  of 
Maine  in  1858,  and  re-elected  in  1859  and 
1860;  and  in  1861  was  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress  for  the  unexpired  term  of 
Hannibal  Hamlin,  elected  Vice-President 
of  the  United  States.  In  the  Senate  he 
served  on  the  Committees  on  Commerce, 
District  of  Columbia,  and  Claims.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  "Peace  Congress" 
of  1861.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1863,  for  the  term  ending 
in  1869,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenses  in  the  Senate  and  of 
that  on  the  District  of  Columbia,  of  that 
also  on  Appropriations,  and  on  that  on 
Indian  Affairs. 

Morris,  Calvary. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1837  to  1844. 


Morris,  Charles. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1783  to  1784. 

Morris,  Daniel.— Born  in  Seneca 
County,  New  York,  January  4,  1812 ;  set 
tled  when  quite  young  in  Yates  County, 
and  was  bred  a  farmer.  Having  educated 
himself,  he  taught  school  for  a  while,  and 
then  adopted  the  profession  of  law,  which 
he  practised  with  success.  Was  at  one 
time  District  Attorney  for  Yates  County ; 
served  one  term  in  the  State  Legislature, 
and  was  Chairman  of  the  Judiciary  Com 
mittee;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  Judiciary.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Judiciary 
Committee.  He  is  in  the  habit  of  de 
livering  an  occasional  lecture  on  literary 
topics. 

Morris,  Edward  Joy,—  Born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  July  15, 1817; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University ;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1841,  1842,  and  1843; 
and  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con 
gress,  as  Representative  from  the  First 
Congressional  District;  was  appointed 
United  States  Charge  d' Affaires  to  Naples 
in  1850,  where  he  remained  four  years. 
On  his  return  to  Philadelphia  was  chosen 
a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of 
Girard  College.  In  1856  was  again  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature,  and  in  the  fall  of 
that  year  was  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  for  the  District  of  Columbia.  As 
an  author  his  publications  are :  "  A  Tour 
through  Turkey,  Greece,  and  Egypt, 
Arabia  Petrsea,"  etc. ;  "  The  Turkish 
Empire,  Social  and  Political;  "  "  Afraja; 
or,  Life  and  Love  in  Norway  "  (a  transla 
tion)  ;  and  also  a  translation  from  the 
German  of  Gregozovius ;  "  Corsica,  Social 
and  Political,"  etc.  He  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress;  and  in  1861  was  appointed,  by 
President  Lincoln,  Minister  Resident  to 
Turkey. 

Morris,  Gouverneur*  —  Minister 
from  the  United  States  to  France,  and  an 
eminent  American  statesman  and  orator. 
Born  in  Morrisiana,  New  York,  1752,  and 
graduated  at  King's  College,  in  the  city 
of  New  York,  in  1768.  He  was  bred  to 
the  law,  came  to  the  bar  in  1771,  and  at 
tained  great  celebrity  in  the  profession. 
In  1775  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Provin 
cial  Congress,  from  New  York,  and  signed 
the  Articles  of  Confederation ;  and  was 
employed  in  the  public  service  in  various 
capacities  during  the  Revolutionary  con 
test,  and  in  all  of  them  displayed  great 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


277 


zeal  and  ability.  After  the  war  of  the 
Revolution  he  retired  from  public  life,  al 
though  an  active  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  formed  the  present  Constitu 
tion  of  the  United  States,  which  instru 
ment  he  signed.  He  was  the  second 
President  of  the  New  York  Historical 
Society.  In  1792  he  was  appointed  Min 
ister  to  France,  and  remained  in  that 
capacity  till  October,  1794.  He  returned 
to  America  in  1798,  and  in  1800  was 
chosen  a  Senator  of  the  United  States, 
from  New  York,  serving  three  years. 
After  retiring  from  Congress,  he  spent 
seven  years  in  Philadelphia.  He  died 
November  6,  1816,  aged  sixty-four.  His 
publications  were  numerous.  Selections 
from  his  papers,  with  a  sketch  of  his 
life,  were  published  by  Jared  Sparks. 

Morris,  Isaac  N. — He  is  the  fourth 
son  of  Thomas  Morris,  and  brother  of 
Jonathan  D.  Morris ;  was  born  in  Ohio, 
January  22,  1812.  He  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835 ;  in  1836 
he  emigrated  to  Illinois,  and  settled  in 
Quincy,  where  he  still  resides.  In  1840 
he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State  for 
Illinois,  but  declined  the  position;  in  1841 
he  was  chosen  President  of  the  Illinois 
and  Michigan  Canal  Company ;  in  1846  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  from 
Adams  County ;  in  1856  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Illinois,  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Roads  and 
Canals. 

Morris,  James  JR.—  He  was  born 
in  Greene  County,  Pennsylvania,  January 
10,  1820  (his  father,  Joseph  Morris,  hav 
ing  been  a  member  of  Congress  in  1843  and 
1845),  and,  having  become  a  resident  of 
Ohio,  he  was  elected  in  1848  to  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State ;  and  in  I860  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds.  In  1862  he  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  for  the  District  of  Colum 
bia. 

Morris,  Jonathan  D.—  He  is  the 

eldest  son  of  Thomas  Morris ;  was  born 
in  Ohio ;  and  is  a  lawyer  by  profession. 
He  served  for  twenty  years  as  Clerk  of 
the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Clermont  County,  Ohio ; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  from  1849  to  1851.  Now  de 
voted  to  the  practice  of  his  profession. 

Morris,  Joseph.  —  Born  in  Greene 
County,  Pennsylvania,  October  16,  1795. 
He  was  left  an  orphan  at  the  age  of  ten 
years,  and  having  been  apprenticed  to  the 
trade  of  a  wheelwright,  he  continued  to 
follow  the  business  until  he  was  twenty-five 


years  old.  In  1824  he  was  elected  Sheriff 
of  his  native  county.  In  1829  he  removed 
to  Ohio,  and  devoted  himself  to  merchan 
dising;  he  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  Legis 
lature  in  1833  and  1834 ;  he  was  Treasurer 
from  Monroe  County  for  one  year,  and, 
while  in  that  office,  was  elected  to  Con 
gress  in  1843,  and  re-elected  in  1845, 
serving  two  entire  terms.  He  died  at 
Woodsfield,  Ohio,  October  23,  1854. 

Morris,  Lewis. — Born  in  Morrisiana, 
New  York,  in  1726;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1746;  and  turned  his  attention 
to  agriculture ;  was  a  Delegate,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
1775  to  1777;  was  one  of  the  signers  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence;  served 
in  the  Legislature  of  New  York;  also  in 
the  field,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  Major- 
General  of  Militia.  Died  in  New  York, 
January  22,  1798. 

Morris,  Lewis  JR.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1797  to  1803.  Died  in  1825,  aged 
sixty-eight  years. 

Morris,  Mathias. —  A  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1835  to  1839,  and  was  much  respected  for 
his  talents.  He  died  at  Doylestown, 
Pennsylvania,  November  9,  1839,  aged 
fifty-four  years. 

Morris,  "Robert. — He  was  a  native 
of  England,  but  came  to  the  United  States 
when  a  boy  of  thirteen,  and  settled  in 
Philadelphia  as  a  clerk,  where  he  spent  the 
most  of  his  life  as  an  influential  merchant 
and  financier.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Congress  of  1776,  and  signed  the  Declar 
ation  of  Independence,  and  also  the 
Articles  of  Confederation.  In  1781  he  ob 
tained  the  control  of  the  American 
finances,  and  rendered  important  services 
to  his  adopted  country.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  which  formed  the 
present  Constitution,  and  signed  that  in 
strument;  and  was  chosen  a  United 
States  Senator,  serving  from  1789  to 
1795,  having  been  one  of  those  who  voted 
for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on 
the  Potomac.  Notwithstanding  his  valu 
able  services  to  his  country,  he  passed 
the  latter  years  of  his  life  in  imprison 
ment  for  debt.  Until  the  period  of  his 
impoverishment,  his  house  had  been  the 
scene  of  most  liberal  hospitality.  He 
died  May  8,  1806,  aged  seventy-one 
years. 

Morris,  Samuel  W.— Born  in  1788 ; 
was  for  many  years  Judge  of  the  District 
Court  of  Tioga  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  Congress  from  1837  to  1841. 
He  died  in  Wellsborough,  Pennsylvania, 
May  25,  1847. 


278 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Morris,  Thomas. — He  was  for  three 
years  a  member  of  the  New  York  As 
sembly,  from  Ontario  County ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1801  to 
1803. 

Morris,  Thomas.— lie  was  born  in 
Virginia,  January  3,  1776,  and  was  the  son 
of  a  Baptist  clergyman.  When  nineteen 
years  of  age  he  emigrated  to  the  valley 
of  the  Ohio,  and  settled  near  the  present 
site  of  Cincinnati,  but  two  years  after 
wards  removed  to  the  County  of  Cler- 
niout.  In  1802,  while  engaged  in  the 
avocation  of  a  day  laborer,  and  without 
an  instructor,  he  commenced  the  study  of 
law,  adopted  the  profession,  and  became 
eminent.  In  180G  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  Ohio,  and  represented 
Clermont  County,  either  in  the  Senate  or 
House,  for  a  period  of  twenty-four  years, 
doing  much  to  develop  the  resources  of 
his  adopted  State.  He  was  also  Chief 
Judge  of  Ohio;  and  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress  for  the  long  term 
from  1833  to  1839.  He  died  December  7, 
1844 ;  and  his  life,  and  collected  speeches 
and  writings  have  been  published  in  one 
volume,  under  the  supervision  of  his  son, 
Rev.  B.  F.  Morris.  While  in  Congress, 
he  ably  defended  the  freedom  of  the  press, 
the  freedom  of  speech,  and  the  right  of 
petition.  Isaac  N.  and  Jonathan  D.  Mor 
ris  were  his  sons. 

Morrison,    George  W.  —  He  was 

horn  in  Vermont,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 
from  1850  to  1851,  and  again  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Morrison,  James  L.  D.— He  was 

born  in  Illinois ;  studied  law  and  practised 
it  for  many  years ;  served  as  an  officer  in 
the  Mexican  war ;  was  elected  to  the  Sen 
ate  of  Illinois  in  1854 ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
during  the  third  session  of  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  to  fill  a  vacancy  occur 
ring  in  the  Eighth  District.  He  subse 
quently  travelled  in  Europe. 

Morrison,  John  A.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1851  to  1853. 

Morrison,  William  It. — Was  born 
in  Monroe  County,  Illinois,  September 
14,  1825 ;  received  a  liberal  education,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  in  1852 
was  chosen  Clerk  of  Monroe  County, 
which  office  he  resigned  to  go  into  the 
State  Legislature,  where  he  served  three 
years,  and  was  Speaker  of  the  House  in 
1859 ;  served  as  a  private  in  the  Mexican 
war,  fighting  under  Colonel  Bissell  at 
Buena  Vista;  after  the  Rebellion  broke 
out,  he  organized  the  Forty -ninth  Regi 
ment  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  was  severe 


ly  wounded  at  Fort  Donelson ;  and  while 
in  command  of  his  regiment  in  the  field 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Illi 
nois,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  the  Militia.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
''National  Union  Convention"  of  18G6. 

Morrissei/,  John. — He  was  bora  in 
the  town  of  Templemore,  Tipperary 
County,  Ireland, -February  12,  1831;  emi 
grated  to  the  United  States  when  five 
years  of  age.  and  for  many  years  resided 
at  Troy  and  LansSngburg,  in  New  York; 
worked  for  a  time  in  a  paper-mill, 
and  afterwards  learned  the  trade  of  a 
brush  manufacturer;  was  subsequently 
engaged  as  deck  hand  on  a  Hudson  River 
steamer,  and  then  became  a  runner  for  a 
Steamboat  Company  in  New  York  City; 
in  1852  he  made  his  first  appearance  in 
California,  as  a  professional  gladiator  or 
pugilist ;  returning  to  New  York,  he  par 
ticipated  in  several  encounters,  which 
gave  him  a  wide  reputation  in  the  sport 
ing  world,  and  after  winning  what  is 
called  the  "  Championship,"  in  1858,  he 
relinquished  the  profession.  He  subse 
quently  entered  into  politics,  and  in  1SGG 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Pen 
sions. 

Morroiv,  Jeremiah. — Born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1770,  but  removed  to  the 
North-west  Territory,  now  the  State  of 
Ohio,  in  1795,  and  was  chosen  a  member 
of  the  Territorial  Legislature  in  1800.  He 
was  the  first  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  serving  from  1803  to  1813 ;  and 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1813  to 
1819,  being  appointed  in  1814  a  Commis 
sioner  to  treat  with  the  Indians.  He  was 
in  1821  a  Presidential  Elector,  and  Gov 
ernor  of  Ohio,  from  1822  to  1826 ;  subse 
quently  a  Canal  Commissioner;  was 
elected  to  Congress  in  1840  for  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  Thomas  Corwin ;  served  also 
as  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1841  to  1843,  officiating  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Lands ;  and  for  sev 
eral  years  before  his  death  was  President 
of  the  Little  Miami  Railroad  Company. 
He  died  in  Ohio,  March  22,  1852. 

Morse,  Freeman  H.— He  was  born 
in  Bath,  Maine,  February  18,  1807 ;  was  in 
the  State  Legislature  from  1840  to  1844, 
and  also  in  1853  and  1856 ;  was  Mayor  of 
Bath  three  years ;  was  elected  to  Congress 
in  1843,  serving  one  term;  and  was  re- 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  from  Maine,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  Cost  of 
Public  Printing,  and  that  on  Naval  Affairs. 
He  was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  and  was  a  member  of  the  Special 
Committee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebelr 
lious  States.  He  was  also  a  member  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


279 


the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of  18G1 ;  and  by 
President  Lincoln  was  appointed  Consul 
at  London. 

Morse,  Isaac  Edwards.—  Born  in 

New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  in  1809 ;  educated 
at  Partridge's  Military  Academies  at  Nor 
wich,  in  Vermont,  and  at  Middle  town,  in 
Connecticut ;  graduated  at  Harvard  Uni 
versity  in  1829 ;  studied  law  in  New 
Orleans  and  in  Pennsylvania;  and  was 
a  Representative  from  Louisiana  in  the 
Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth, 
and  Thirty-first  Congresses,  or  from  1843 
to  1851.  He  was  subsequently  Attorney- 
General  of  Louisiana,  and  died  in  New 
Orleans,  February  11,  1866. 

Morse,  O.  A.— Born  in  Cherry  Val 
ley,  Ottsego  County,  New  York,  March  26, 
1815 ;  graduated  at  Hamilton  College,  New 
York ;  studied  law,  but  has  not  practised 
of  late  years ;  and  was  re-elected  a  Rep 
resentative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Invalid  Pensions. 

Morton,  JacJcson.—He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and,  removing  to  Florida,  was  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1849  to  1855.  He  subsequently  entered 
extensively  into  the  business  of  manufac 
turing  lumber  in  Florida.  Served  in  the 
Rebellion  as  a  member  of  the  Confederate 
Congress. 

Morton,  Jeremiah.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

Morton,  John.  —  Born  in  Ridley, 
Delaware  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1724 ; 
spent  his  boyhood  on  his  father's  farm,  and 
received  a  common  English  education ;  in 
1764  he  was  appointed  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace ;  was  soon  elected  to  the  Assembly 
of  the  State ;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Congress  in  1765 ;  in  1767  he  became 
a  County  Sheriff,  holding  the  office  three 
years ;  was  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court ; 
lie  was  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence  ;  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1774  to  1777 ;  and  he  died 
in  April  of  the  latter  year.  His  dying 
words  were  uttered  in  behalf  of  his  dis 
tracted  country. 

Morton,  Marcus. — He  was  born  in 
Freetown,  Massachusetts,  December  19, 
1784 ;  graduated  at  Brown  University  in 
1804 ;  studied  law,  and  devoted  himself  to 
politics;  in  1811  he  was  chosen  Clerk  of 
the  Massachusetts  Senate ;  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1817  to  1821;  in  1823  was  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council  of  that 
State;  in  1824  was  elected  Lieutenant- 
Governor ;  subsequently  a  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Massachusetts,  from 


1825  to  1840 ;  and  was  Governor  of  the 
State  from  1840  to  1841,  and  again  from 
1843  to  1844 ;  and  was  Collector  of  Boston 
from  1845  to  1849.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
the  "  Constitutional  Convention  "  of  1853 ; 
and  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  iu 
1858.  Died  at  Taunton,  February  6,  1864. 

Morton,  Oliver  P.— He  was  born 
in  Wayne  County,  Indiana,  August  4, 
1823 ;  was  educated  at  the  Miami  Univer 
sity;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar 
in  1847;  in  1852  he  was  elected  Circuit 
Judge  of  the  Fifth  Judicial  Circuit  of  In 
diana  ;  in  1856  he  was  nominated  by  the 
Republicans  for  the  office  of  Governor  of 
Indiana,  but  defeated;  in  1860  he  was 
elected  Lieuteuant-Goveruor  of  Indiana, 
and  in  1861,  on  the  transfer  of  Governor 
II.  S.  Lane  to  the  Senate,  he  assumed  the 
office  of  Governor  and  held  it  four  years; 
in  1864  he  was  elected  Governor  for  a 
second  term ;  and  in  1865,  on  account  of 
his  having  been  stricken  with  paralysis, 
he  visited  Europe  in  the  hope  of  im 
proving  his  health,  but  returned  iu  1866, 
and  in  spite  of  continued  ill  health  re 
sumed  his  executive  duties.  In  June,  1866, 
he  delivered  a  political  speech  while  seated 
in  his  chair,  which  created  much  enthusi 
asm  in  the  State,  and  of  which  more  than 
a  million  copies  were  published  in  pam 
phlet  form ;  and  on  the  subsequent  meet 
ing  of  the  Legislature,  in  January,  1867,  he 
was  elected  by  a  remarkable  vote  a  Sena 
tor  iu  Congress  for  the  term  ending  in 
1873,  serving  on  the  Committees  on. 
Foreign  Relations,  Agriculture,  Military 
Affairs,  and  Private  Land  Claims. 

Moseley,  JonatJian  Ogden.—Rorn. 

at  East  Haddon,  Middlesex  County,  Con 
necticut  ;  was  a  graduate  of  Yale  College 
in  1780;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  his  native  State,  from  1805  to  1821. 
He  subsequently  removed  to  Michigan, 
and  died  at  Saginavv,  in  that  State,  Sep 
tember  9,  1839,  aged  seventy-seven  years. 

Moseley,  William  A.—  He  graduat 
ed  at  Yale  College  in  1816 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1835 ;  of  the 
State  Senate  from  1838  to  1841;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1843  to 
1847. 

Mott,  Gorden  N.  —  Was  born  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  October  21, 1812 ;  studied 
law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1836 ;  during 
the  troubles  in  that  year  between  Mexico 
and  Texas  he  served  nine  months  as  a 
volunteer  in  the  Texan  service ;  and  soon 
after  that  returned  to  Ohio,  and  settled  in 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Miami 
County.  He  also  served  as  a  Captain  in 
the  war  with  Mexico,  having  raised  the 
company  he  commanded,  after  which  ho 
again  returned  to  his  native  State.  In  1849 
he  emigrated  to  California;  in  1850  was 
elected  Judge  of  Sutter  County ;  in  1851 


280 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


appointed  a  District  Judge ;  in  1861  lie 
was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  a 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  "Court  of  Nevada 
Territory ;  and  in  1862  was  elected  a  Dele 
gate  from  that  Territory,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress. 

Mott,  James. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1801  to  1805.  He  had  previously  been 
Treasurer  of  the  State,  and  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1809. 

Mott,  Mic7iard.—Rorn  in  Mamaro- 
ncck,  Westchester  County,  New  York, 
July  21,  1804.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Quaker  Seminary  of  "  Nine  Partners,"  in 
Duchess  County,  New  York ;  bred  a  mer 
chant,  and  has  resided  in  Toledo,  Ohio, 
for  twenty  years ;  was  elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth. 

Motte,  Isaac.— He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1780  to  1782. 

Moulton,  Mace. — He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire;  was  Sheriff  of  Hillsboro' 
County  in  1845 ;  a  State  Councillor  in  1848 
and  1849 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Moulton,  Samuel  W. — He  was  born 
in  Wenham,  Massachusetts,  January  20, 
1822;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion;  after  spending  some  years  in  the 
Southern  States  he  settled  in  Illinois  in 
1845;  adopted  the  profession  of  law;  was 
a  member  of  the  Illinois  Legislature,  from 
1852  to  1859 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1856 ;  was  the  author  of  the  present 
common-school  system  of  the  State ;  was 
chosen  President  of  the  Board  of  Educa 
tion  of  Illinois  in  1859,  and  held  the  posi 
tion  in  1864,  when  he  was  elected  aRepre- 
seutative,from  Illinois, to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Territories,  and  Expenditures  in  the  Navy 
Department,  and  also  on  those  on  a  Bu 
reau  of  Education  and  Free  Schools  in  the 
District  of  Columbia. 

Mouton,    Alexander. — He  was  a 

Senator  in  Congress,  from  Louisiana,  from 
1837  to  1841,  and  Governor  of  the  State 
from  1841  to  1845.  Took  part  in  the  Re 
bellion. 

Mowry,  Jr.,  Daniel.—  He  was   a 

resident  of  Smithfleld,  Rhode  Island, 
which  he  represented  in  the  Colonial  Gen 
eral  Assembly  at  the  time  when  they 
passed  the  act  which  renounced  legisla 
tion  to  the  king.  He  was  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  in  Rhode  Island ; 
was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  that  State,  in  1781.  Al 
though  the  intention  was  to  keep  only  two 
delegates  in  Congress,  four  were  elected, 


with  instructions  to  serve  alternately, 
each  couple  for  six  months.  Varnumand 
Mowry  were  to  have  the  first  six  mouths, 
and  Collins  and  Ellery  the  second. 

MuJilenberg,  Francis  Samuel.— 

Was  born  in  Philadelphia,  April  22,  1795; 
received  a  liberal  education ;  studied  law, 
and  Avas  private  Secretary  of  Governor 
Heister,  of  Pennsylvania.  He  removed  to 
Ohio ;  became  a  member  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  that  State ;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Ohio,  in  the  Twentieth  Congress. 
Died  in  Pickaway  County,  Ohio,  in  1832. 

Muhlenberg,  Frederick  Augus 
tus. — Brother  of  F.  S.  Muhlenberg;  was 
born  at  theTrappe,  June  2,  1750;  was  or 
dained  to  the  ministry  of  the  Lutheran 
Church  In  Germany.  On  his  return  he 
officiated  in  country  churches  in  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  in  a  church  in  New  York  City, 
which  he  left  when  the  British  entered. 
In  1779  and  1780  he  was  elected  to  the 
Continental  Congress  by  the  Legislature 
of  Pennsylvania.  For  three  years  follow 
ing  he  was  a  member  of  and  Speaker  of 
the  State  Legislature.  He  was  a  member 
of  and  President  of  the  Council  of  Cen 
sors,  and  took  an  efficient  part  in  calling 
the  Convention  of  1790,  which  revised  the 
State  Constitution.  He  was  President  of 
the  State  Convention  called  to  consider 
the  ratification  of  the  Federal  Constitution, 
to  which  he  gave  an  earnest  support.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  First,  Second,  Third, 
and  Fourth  Congresses ;  was  Speaker  of  the 
House  in  the  First  and  Third  Congresses ; 
and  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locat 
ing  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Poto 
mac.  As  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of 
the  Whole,  he  gave  his  casting  vote  in 
favor  of  the  law  required  to  carry  Jay's 
Treaty  Into  effect.  He  was  Register  of 
the  Land  Office  of  Pennsylvania,  under 
Governors  Mifflin  and  McKean,  holding 
which  office  he  died  at  Lancaster,  on  June 
4,  1801. 

Muhlenberg,  Henry  Augustus. 

— Son  of  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  Ernestus  and 
nephew  of  J.  P.  G.  and  F.  A.  Muhlenberg, 
was  born  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania, 
May  13,  1782.  Carefully  educated  by  his 
very  learned  father,  he  was  ordained  to 
the  Lutheran  ministry  in  1802.  He  was 
called  to  Trinity  Church,  Reading,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1802,  and  remained  a  most 
acceptable  pastor  of  that  congregation 
until  1828,  when,  for  ill  health  and  other 
causes,  lie  resigned  the  ministry.  He 
was  President  of  the  Lutheran  Ministeri- 
um  of  Pennsylvania,  as  had  been  his 
father  and  grandfather  before  him.  He 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  to  Congress,  in  1828,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1829,  until  February,  1838, 
when  he  resigned  his  seat  and  accepted 
the  mission  to  Austria,  about  that  time 
created.  President  Van  Buren  offered 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


281 


him  the  Navy  Department,  when  forming 
his  cabinet,  and  the  mission  to  Russia, 
both  of  which  he  declined.  In  1835  he 
was  the  candidate  of  a  portion  of  the 
Democratic  party  for  Governor.  In  1840 
he  was  recalled,  at  his  own  request,  from 
Austria.  In  1844  he  was  nominated  for 
the  Governorship  by  the  Democratic  par 
ty,  but  during  the  canvass  died  suddenly 
at  Reading,  on  the  12th  of  August  of 
that  year.  He  was  greatly  beloved  by 
the  people,  and  greatly  deserved  their 
love  as  an  upright  man  and  able  statesman. 

Muhlenberg,  Henri/  Augustus. 

— A  son  of  Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,  before 
mentioned,  was  born  at  Reading,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  July,  1823.  He  received  an 
excellent  education,  availing  himself  to 
the  fullest  extent  of  every  advantage 
offered  to  him.  Graduated  at  Dickinson 
College ;  studied  law  for  four  years,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1844. 
He  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in 
1849,  of  which  body  he  at  once  became  a 
leading  member;  he  served  his  term  of 
three  years.  He  wrote  a  life  of  General 
Muhlenberg.  Was  elected  a  member  of 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  in  which  body 
he  appeared  but  for  one  day ;  sickening 
with  typhoid  fever,  he  was  never  able  to 
resume  his  seat,  and  died,  at  Washington, 
January  9. 1854,  to  the  great  regret  of  a 
constituency  which  anticipated  for  him  a 
long  and  distinguished  career  in  the  pub 
lic  service. 

Mwhleriberg,  John  Peter  Ga 
briel. — Son  of  Henry  Melchior  Muhlen 
berg  ;  was  born  at  the  Trappe,  Pennsylva 
nia,  October  1,  1746.  He  was  sent  to 
Halle,  in  Germany,  with  his  two  younger 
brothers,  Frederick  A.  and  Henry  E.,  in 
17G2,  for  education.  The  three  brothers 
were  devoted  to  the  Christian  ministry. 
Peter  was  ordained  Deacon  in  the  Church 
of  England,  on  April  21,  1772,  by  the 
Bishop  of  London;  a  few  days  after, 
Priest,  in  company  with  William  White, 
afterwards* Bishop.  Returning  to  Amer 
ica  he  was  settled  over  a  charge  in  Dun- 
more,  now  Shenaudoah  County,  Virginia. 
In  1774  he  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Burgesses  of  that  Colony.  At  the  break 
ing  out  of  the  Revolution,  his  ardent 
sympathies  with  it  carried  him  into  the 
army.  In  his  farewell  sermon  he  told  his 
people,  "There  was  a  time  for  all  things, 
—  a  time  to  preach  and  a  time  to  tight, 
and  that  now  was  the  time  to  fight."  He 
raised  the  Eighth  Virginia  Regiment,  and 
was  made  Colonel  of  it.  His  first  cam 
paign  was  in  South  Carolina  and  Georgia. 
On  February  21,  1777,  he  was  made  Brig 
adier-General,  in  which  capacity  he  served 
with  distinguished  gallantry  at  Brandy- 
wine,  Germantown,  Monmouth,  Stony 
Point,  in  Virginia,  and  at  Yorktown, 
where  he  commanded  the  First  Brigade 
of  Light  Infantry,  in  making  the  final 


assault  with  which,  he  was  wounded.  lu 
the  last  promotion  he  was  made  M.ijor- 
General.  After  the  war  he  was  elected 
Vice-President  of  Pennsylvania;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1797 ;  member  of 
the  First,  Third,  and  Sixth  Congresses, 
from  Pennsylvania ;  and  United  States 
Senator  in  1801,  which  office  he  resigned 
in  1802.  He  left  the  Senate  in  1802,  and 
was  appointed  Supervisor  of  Revenue  for 
Pennsylvania  in  that  year;  Collector  of 
the  port  of  Philadelphia  in  1803,  holding 
which  office  he  died  October  1,  1807. 

Mullin,  Joseph. — He  was  a  native 
of  Ireland,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1847  to  1849. 

Mullins,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Bedford  County,  Tennessee,  September 
15,  1807 ;  received  a  limited  education 
while  working  upon  his  father's  farm; 
on  becoming  of  age  he  turned  his  atten 
tion  to  the  milling  business,  and  subse 
quently  became  a  millwright,  which 
business  he  followed  until  1859.  In  1831 
he  was  made  a  Colonel  of  Militia ;  from 
1840  to  1846  he  was  a  County  Sheriff;  in 
1862,  on  account  of  his  devotion  to  the 
Union,  lie  was  compelled  to  llee  from  his 
home  for  safety,  and  resided  within  the 
Federal  lines  at  Nashville ;  he  became  a 
Staff  Officer  and  participated  in  the  battle 
of  Murfreesborough ;  also  took  part  in  the 
assault  on  Hoover's  Gap ;  he  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  "  Nashville  Convention  "  of 
1865 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature 
in  the  same  year,  and  made  Speaker ;  and 
in  1867  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Tennessee,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Territo 
ries,  and  Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Mum  ford,  George.— Born  in  Row 
an  County,  North  Carolina.  He  repre 
sented  it  in  the  General  Assembly  in  1810 
and  1811;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1817  to  1819,  having  died 
in  Washington  before  the  expiration  of 
his  term,  December  31,  1818. 

Mumford,    Gurdon    S.—  He  was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1805  to  1811. 

Mungen,  William.— Re  was  born 
in  Baltimore,  Maryland,  May  12,  1821; 
removed  with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1830; 
he  received  the  rudiments  of  his  educa 
tion  from  his  mother,  but  afterwards 
obtained  a  knowledge  of  the  Latin  and 
German  languages ;  spent  his  youth  en 
gaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law :  was  for  some  years 
the  publisher  and  editor  of  the  "  Demo 
cratic  Courier,"  published  in  Findlay, 
Ohio ;  in  1846  and  1848  he  was  chosen  a 
County  Auditor;  in  1851  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  and  declined  a  re- 


282 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOBDS. 


election;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Demo 
cratic  "Cincinnati  Convention "  of  1856, 
to  the  "  Charleston  and  Baltimore  Con 
ventions  "  of  1860,  and  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  National  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 
He  served  during  the  Rebellion  under 
General  Shefman,  as  Colonel  of  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Ohio  Volunteers,  which  he  raised, 
from  1861  to  1863,  when  he  resigned  on 
account  of  ill  health.  On  recovering  his 
health  he  was  appointed  the  State  Agent 
to  visit  all  the  Ohio  troops  in  the  Depart 
ment  of  Tennessee  with  poll-books  and 
tally-sheets ;  in  1864  he  was  appointed  to 
perform  the  same  duty  for  the  Ohio  troops 
in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  and  in  18G6 
lie  was  elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Niagara  Ship  Canal, 
the  Union  Prisoners,  and  Indian  Affairs. 

Munroe,  James.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia;  and,  having  removed  to  New 
York,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  that  State,  serving  from 
1839  to  1841.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  New  York  in  1850  and  1852, 
and  a  State  Senator  during  the  three  sub 
sequent  years. 

Murfree,  William  H.—  Born  in 
Hertford  County,  North  Carolina;  grad 
uated  at  Chapel  Hill  in  1801,  and,  having 
studied  law,  was  a  successful  advocate. 
He  served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1805, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1813  to  1817;  and  was  Presidential 
Elector  in  1813.  In  1825  he  emigrated  to 
Tennessee,  and  soon  after  died  at  Nash 
ville. 

Murphy,  Charles.— He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

M- urphy, Henry  C.— He  was  born  in 
Brooklyn,  New  York,  in  1810;  graduated 
at  Columbia  College  in  1830;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833;  was 
at  one  time  Attorney  for  the  City  of 
Brooklyn ;  was  elected  Mayor  of  that  city 
in  1842;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1843  to  1849 ; 
and  by  President  Buchanan  was  appointed 
Minister  to  the  Hague.  In  his  tastes  he 
was  decidedly  literary,  and  has  devoted 
much  attention  to  the  investigation  of  the 
early  history  of  his  native  State.  On  his 
return  from  Europe  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  New  York,  serving  both  in 
the  Assembly  and  Senate;  and  he  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "State  Constitution 
al  Convention"  of  1867;  and  was  subse 
quently  re-elected  to  the  State  Senate. 
In  1868  he  published  a  translation  from 
the  Dutch  entitled  "Journal  of  a  Voyage 
to  New  York,  in  1679-'80." 

Murphy,  John.— He  was  a  native 


of  South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the 
South  Carolina  College  in  1808;  was 
Clerk  of  the  Senate  of  South  Carolina; 
Trustee  of  his  Alma  Mater;  removed  to 
Alabama  in  1817;  was  Governor  of  Ala 
bama  from  1825  to  1829,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1833  to  1835.  He  died  in  Clark  County, 
Alabama,  September  21,  1841,  in  the  tifty- 
sixth  year  of  his  age. 

Murray,  Ambrose  S.—  He  was  born 
in  Ne\v  York,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  andThirty-h'fth  Congresses,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Mileage. 

Murray,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1817  to  1821. 

Murray,  John  L. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1838  to  1839. 

Murray,  T7iomas.—Ke  was  born  in 
Northumberland  County,  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1821  to  1823. 

Murray,  William.— lie  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851 
to  1855. 

Murray,  William  Vans.— He  was 
born  in  Maryland  about  the  year  1761.  In 
1783  he  went  to  London,  and  entered  as  a 
student  of  law  at  the  Temple,  and  re 
mained  three  years.  On  returning  to  his 
native  State  he  engaged  in  tlic  practice 
of  law,  but  was  soon  elected  to  a  seat  in 
the  Legislature.  In  1791  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  to  Congress,  and  con- 
.tiuued  in  that  position  until  1797,  when 
he  declined  being  a  candidate.  He  was 
appointed,  by  Washington,  Minister  to 
the  Netherlands ;  and,  in  connection  with 
Mr.  Ellsworth  and  Mr.  Davie,  he  negoti 
ated  a  treaty  with  France  in  1800.  He 
returned  to  the  United  States  in  1801, 
and  died  December  11,  1803.  He  pos 
sessed  great  keenness  of  wit  and  delicacy 
of  taste,  and  was  distinguished  for  his 
eloquence,  having  a  rnind  well  stored  with 
science  and  literature. 

Myers,  Amos. — Born  in  Lancaster 
County,  Pennsylvania,  April  23,  1824; 
received  a  good  academic  education; 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1846. 
In  1847  he  was  appointed  a  District  At 
torney;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Expenditures 
in  the  Navy  Department,  and  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Mileage. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


283 


Myers,  Leonard.— He  was  born  in 
Attle borough,  Bucfcs  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  November  13,  1827 ;  received  a  liberal 
education,  and  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  was  Solicitor  for  two  municipal  dis 
tricts  in  Philadelphia;  digested  the  ordi 
nances  for  the  consolidation  of  the  city, 
and  has  translated  several  works  from  the 
French.  He  was  elected  in  18G2  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Patents,  and  Expendi 
tures  in  the  Post  Office  Department,  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Patents, 
Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment,  and  the  Special  Committee  on  the 
Civil  Service.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  and  was  placed  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Foreign  Afl'airs,  and  Patents. 

Ndbers,  Benjamin  1>.— He  was 
born  in  Tennessee ;  and,  on  removing  to 
Mississippi,  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853.  Returning  to  Tennessee,  he  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1861  from  that  State. 

Nash,  Abner.—He  was  of  Welsh  de 
scent,  and  born  in  Prince  Edward  County, 
Virginia;  was  educated  for  the  bar;  he 
•was  the  first  elected  Speaker  of  the  North 
Carolina  Senate ;  the  second  Governor  of 
the  State,  under  the  Constitution,  in  1781 ; 
from  1782  to  1785  he  was  in  the  Assembly ; 
and  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1782  to  1786.  Died  during 
the  latter  year  while  on  his  way  to  Phila 
delphia  to  take  his  seat  in  Congress. 

Naudain,  Arnold. — He  was  born  in 
Delaware ;  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1S06;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Delaware,  from  1829  to  1836. 

Naylor,  Charles.— Born  in  the  Coun 
ty  of  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  October 
6,  1806;  educated  a  lawyer,  admitted  in 
1828  to  the  bar  of  Philadelphia,  and  was 
there  for  some  years  extensively  engaged 
in  practice.  He  represented  his  native 
district  in  Congress,  from  1837  to  1841. 
In  1846  he  raised  in  Philadelphia  a  com 
pany  of  volunteers,  and  as  their  Captain 
took  part  in  the  war  with  Mexico ;  rendez 
voused  at  the  Island  of  Lobos,  in  the  Gulf 
of  Mexico;  landed  with  the  invading  army 
at  Vera  Cruz ;  was  active  in  the  operations 
before  that  city,  and  in  most  of  the  en 
gagements  on  General  Scott's  line.  Upon 
the  fall  of  the  City  of  Mexico,  September 
14,  1847,  he  was  appointed  Governor  of 
the  National  Palace  (the  "Halls  of  the 
Montezumas"),  and  keeper  of  the  archives 
and  property  of  that  Republic ;  and  con 
tinued  to  hold  that  place,  and  to  aid  in  the 
administration  of  the  government  of  the 
city,  till  the  final  evacuation  of  it  by  the 
American  army,  June  12,  1848.  He  has 
filled  many  posts  of  trust  and  honor  in  his 


native  State,  and  is  at  present  engaged  in 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  the  City 
of  Washington. 

Neale,  Raphael. — He  was  born  in 
St.  Mary's  County,  Maryland,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1819  to  1825. 

Neilson,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  in  1778  and  1779. 

Nelson,  Homer  A. — He  was  born  in 
Poughkeepsie,  New  York,  August  31, 
1829 ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law.  In 
1855  he  was  elected  Judge  of  Duchess 
County  for  four  years,  and  in  1859  was  re- 
elected  for  a  second  term,  and  in  1862  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Indian  Affairs, 
and  Unfinished  Business.  In  1857  Rut 
gers  College,  of  New  Jersey,  conferred 
upon  him  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts, 
and  at  the  time  of  his  election  to  Congress 
he  was  Colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Fifty-ninth  Regiment  of  New  York  Volun 
teers,  which  he  resigned.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  State  Constitutional 
Convention  "  of  1867 ;  and  a  few  months 
afterwards  he  was  elected  Secretary  of 
State.  In  1868  he  was  the  Secretary  of 
State  of  New  York. 

Nelson,  Hugh. — He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  at  one  time  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Delegates  of  Virginia;  a  Judge 
of  the  General  Court ;  a  Presidential  Elec 
tor  in  1809 ;  a  member  of  Congress  from 
1811  to  1823;  and  immediately  afterwards 
appointed  American  Minister  to  Spain.  He 
died  in  Albemarle  County,  March  18, 1836. 

Nelson,  Jeremiah. — He  was  born  in 
Rowley,  Essex  County,  Massachusetts,  in 
1768 ;  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in 
1790;  settled  in  Newburyport,  Massachu 
setts,  as  a  merchant ;  served  as  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1805  to  1808,  and  again  from 
1815  to  1823;  and  died  at  Newburyport, 
October  2,  1838. 

Nelson,  John. — He  was  born  in  Fred 
erick,  Maryland ;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1821  to 
1823 ;  in  1831  was  appointed  Charge  d'Af- 
faires  to  the  Two  Sicilies;  and  in  1844 
was  Attorney-General  of  the  United  States 
under  President  Tyler.  Died  in  Balti 
more,  January  8,  1860,  aged  sixty-nine 
years. 

Nelson,  Roger. — He  was  a  General 
in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1804  to  1810,  and  died  at  Fred- 
ericktown,  June  7,  1815,  at  an  advanced 
age. 


284 


BIOGRAPHICAL    ItECOEDS. 


Nelson,  Thomas.— Born  in  York, 
Virginia,  December  26, 1738 ;  was  educated 
at  Trinity  College,  England ;  was  devoted 
to  farming,  and  something  of  a  sportsman. 
In  1774  lie  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Burgesses,  and  took  a  bold  stand  in  favor 
of  liberty ;  was  re-elected  to  that  position ; 
after  attending  various  local  conventions, 
he  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1775  to  1777,  and 
again  from  1779  to  1780,  and  was  a  signer 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  He 
took  some  part  in  the  military  affairs  of 
the  time  as  a  Brigadier-General;  served  in 
the  State  Legislature;  in  1781  he  was 
elected  Governor  of  Virginia;  he  was 
present  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  ac 
quitted  himself  with  ability,  and  was  pub 
licly  thanked  by  Washington ;  retired  to 
private  life  in  1781;  and  died  in  January, 
1789. 

Nelson,  Thomas  A.  JR.— He  was 
born  in  Tennessee;  was  bred  a  lawyer; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1848;  in 
1851  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Fill- 
more,  a  Commissioner  to  China;  served 
as  a  Representative  from  that  State  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Special  Committee  of  Thirty-three 
on  the  Rebellious  States.  He  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
but  was  prevented  from  taking  his  seat  by 
the  forcible  action  of  the  Rebel  Govern 
ment.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion1'  of  1866;  and  in  March,  1868,  he 
acted  as  one  of  the  Counsel  for  President 
Andrew  Johnson,  before  the  High  Court 
of  Impeachment. 

Nelson,  Thomas  M.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia  in  1782;  served  with  distinc 
tion  in  the  war  of  1812  as  a  Captain  of  In 
fantry;  after  the  war  he  was  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  Major,  but  resigned  his  com 
mission  ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  his  native  State,  from  1816  to 
1819,  when  he  declined  a  re-election,  and 
retired  to  private  life.  He  died  November 
10,  1853. 

Nelson,  William.—  Born  in  Clinton, 
Duchess  County,  New  York,  June  29, 
1784 ;  he  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1807 ;  was  District  Attorney  for  the  Coun 
ties  of  Westchester,  Putnam,  and  Rock- 
land,  for  a  period  of  thirty  years ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Assembly  of  New  York  in 
1819  and  1820,  and  a  State  Senator  in 
1823 ;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1847  to  1851. 
He  is  at  the  present  time  a  resident  of 
Peekskill. 

Nes,  Henry. — Born  in  York,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1799,  and  was  educated  a  physi 
cian.  He  was  frequently  called  to  fill 


places  of  trust  and  responsibility  in  his 
native  town,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1843  to  1845,  and  again 
from  184G  to  1850,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions.  He 
was  retiring  in  his  habits,  but  had  many  de 
voted  friends.  He  died  September  10, 1850. 

Nesbilt,  Wilson.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1817  to  1819. 

Nesmith,  James  W. — Was  born  in 
Washington  County,  Maine,  July  23, 1820 ; 
when  quite  young  removed  to  New  Hamp 
shire,  and  in  1838  emigrated  to  Ohio ;  sub 
sequently  spent  some  time  in  Missouri; 
and  in  1843  emigrated  to  Oregon.  In  1848 
and  1853  he  commanded,  as  a  Captain,  two 
expeditions  against  the  Indians ;  in  1853  he 
was  appointed  United  States  Marshal  for 
Oregon,  which  he  resigned  in  1855,  and 
had  the  command  of  a  regiment;  in  1857 
he  was  appointed  Superintendent  of  Indian 
Affairs  for  Oregon  and  Washington  Terri 
tories  ;  and  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress, from  Oregon,for  the  full  term,  begin 
ning  in  1861  and  ending  in  18G7,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Military  Affairs,  and 
Indian  Affairs,  and  also  the  Special  Com 
mittee  appointed  to  visit  the  Indian  tribes 
of  the  West,  and  the  Committees  on  Com 
merce,  and  Revolutionary  Claims.  In  1866 
he  was  appointed  a  visitor  to  the  West 
Point  Academy,  and  was  one  of  the  Sen 
ators  designated  to  attend  the  funeral  of 
General  Scott.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention  "  of  1866. 

Nevell,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1793  to  1795.  Died  March  4,  1819. 

New,  Anthony.  —  He  was  born  in 
Gloucester  County,  Virginia,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1793  to  1805 ;  and,  on  taking  up 
his  residence  in  Kentucky,  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1811  to  1813,  from  1817  to  1818, 
and  from  1821  to  1823. 

Newbold,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1807  to  1813;  after  which  he  served 
in  the  Legislature  of  that  State.  Died  in 
Burlington  County,  of  apoplexy,  in  De 
cember,  1823. 

Newcomb,  C.  A.—  He  was  born  in 
Mercer  County,  Pennsylvania,  July  1, 
1830;  received  a  classical  education; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  devoted 
much  attention  to  the  business  of  fruit 
growing,  especially  to  the  culture  of  the 
grape ;  removed  to  Iowa,  and  was  a  Cir 
cuit  Judge  for  two  years;  Judge  of  a 
county  Court  for  three  years ;  settled  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOEDS. 


285 


Missouri,  and  was  elected  for  two  years 
to  the  Legislature  of  that  State,  and  in 
18GG  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Missouri  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Agriculture,  and 
Eoads  and  Cauals. 

Newell,  William,  A.— He  was  born 
in  Ohio;  graduated  at  Rutgers  College; 
was  educated  for  the  medical  profession ; 
and,  on  taking  up  his  residence  in  New 
Jersey,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1847  to  1851,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims 
and  Roads  and  Canals.  In  1856  was 
elected  Governor  of  New  Jersey  for  the 
term  ending  in  I860,  and  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  "Baltimore  Convention"  of  1864. 
lie-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
in  1804,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Revolutionary  Claims,  Foreign  Affairs, 
and  War  Debts  of  the  Loyal  States.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Newhard,  Peter. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  "was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1843. 

Newman,   Alexander.  —  He    was 

born  in  Orange  County,  Virginia,  in  1806; 
in  1836  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legis 
lature,  where  he  served  several  years,  and 
was  also  elected  to  the  State  Senate; 
from  1845  to  1849  he  was  Postmaster  of 
Wheeling ;  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Virginia,  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat, 
of  cholera,  while  on  a  visit  to  Pittsburg, 
Pennsylvania,  in  July,  1849. 

Newman,  Daniel.— He  served  as  a 
soldier  in  the  early  Indian  wars  in  Georgia ; 
held  many  high  positions  in  the  State,  and 
was  a  member  of  Congress,  from  1831  to 
1833.  He  died  in  Walker  County,  Georgia. 

Newton,  Eben.—Rorn  in  Goshen. 
Litchfield  County,  Connecticut,  October 
16,  1795 ;  his  early  education  was  limited, 
having  been  obtained  while  working  on  a 
farm ;  his  first  earnings  off  the  farm  were 
obtained  from  teaching  school  in  the  win 
ter;  in  1814  he  emigrated  to  Portage 
County,  Ohio,  and  turned  his  attention  to 
farming  exclusively ;  he  studied  law,  and 
in  1823  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be 
came  the  partner  of  Elisha  Whittlesey,  at 
Canfield,  Ohio.  In  1842  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Ohio  Senate ;  was  soon 
afterwards  elected  President  Judge  of  the 
Third  Circuit ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  for  the  term  from 
1851  to  1853,  but  before  taking  his  seat 
visited  Europe.  In  1856  he  was  elected 
President  of  the  Ashtabula  and  New  Lis 
bon  Railroad  Company,  in  which  position 
he  remained  until  1859,  when  he  declined 
a  re-election.  He  has  of  late  years  de 


voted  himself  to  the  pursuits  of  agricul 
ture,  in  which  he  is  eminently  successful. 

Newton,  Thomas.—  Born  in  Norfolk, 
Virginia,  in  1709;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1801  to 
1829,  and  again  from  1831  to  1833.  He 
served  for  many  years  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Commerce  and  Manufac 
tures.  He  died  in  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
August  5,  1847. 

Newton,  Thomas   W.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Arkan 
sas,  from  February  to  March,  1847. 

Newton,    Willoughby.  —  He    was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Niblacle,  William  E. — Born  in  Du- 
bois  County,  Indiana,  May  19,  1822.  He 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice 
in  1843 ;  during  that  year  he  was  appointed 
County  Surveyor ;  in  1849  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature,  where  he  served 
until  1852;  in  1854  he  was  appointed  a 
Circuit  Judge,  and  subsequently  elected 
for  six  years.  He  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from 
Indiana,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Mileage,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Patents.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention  "  of  1864,  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Claims.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means. 

Nicholas,  John. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1793  to  1801.  He  subsequently  removed 
to  Geneva,  Ontario  County,  New  York, 
whence  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
from  1806  to  1809.  Died  May  27,  1821. 

Nicholas,  It.  C.— He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  appointed  Captain  of  Infantry 
in  1812,  serving  in  different  grades  until 
the  reduction  of  the  army  in  1815.  Set 
tling  in  Louisiana,  he  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  serving  from  1835  to 
1841;  and  in  1851  was  appointed  State 
Superintendent  of  Public  Schools. 

Nicholas,  Wilson  C.— A  Governor 
of  Virginia,  an  officer  in  the  war  of  the 
Revolution,  and  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  ratified  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States.  He  was  a  distinguished 
member  of  the  National  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  from  1807  to  1809,  and  of  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States  from  17i)9  1o 
1804,  and  ably  supported  the  measures  of 
President  Jefferson's  administration.  la 
1804  he  resigned  his  seat  in  the  Senal.e 
and  accepted  the  office  of  Collector  of  the 
ports  of  Norfolk  and  Portsmouth.  He 


286 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


was  afterwards  a  member  of  the  House ; 
but  he  resigned  his  seat  in  1809.  In  1814 
he  was  Governor,  and  remained  in  office 
until  1817.  He  died  at  Milton,  October 
10,  1820. 

Nichols,  Matthias  H.  —  Born  in 
Salem  County,  New  Jersey,  October  3, 
1824.  His  education  was  acquired  in  a 
printing-office  and  by  the  aid  of  friends, 
who  instructed  him  after  the  ordinary 
hours  of  labor.  He  studied  law,  and  in 
1849  was  licensed  to  practise  in  Auglaize 
County,  Ohio.  He  was  Prosecuting  At 
torney  for  Allen  County ;  resigned  the 
office  in  1852  to  become  a  candidate  for 
Congress,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Joint  Committee  on 
Printing. 

Nicholson,  Alfred  O.  JR.— He  was 
born  in  Williamson  County,  Tennessee, 
August  31,  1808 ;  graduated  at  Chapel  Hill 
University,  North  Carolina,  in  1827 ;  set 
tled  in  Tennessee  as  a  lawyer;  was  a 
member  of  the  Tennessee  Legislature 
from  1833  to  1839 ;  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1840  to  1842 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  Senate 
from  1843  to  1845 ;  was  Chancellor  of  the 
middle  division  of  the  State  in  1845 ;  was 
President  of  the  Bank  of  Tennessee  in 
184G  and  1847;  was  elected  Printer  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  by  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  and  Printer  of  the  Senate 
by  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress ;  and  from 
1853  to  1856  he  was  editor  of  the  "  Wash 
ington  Daily  Union."  He  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  for 
the  term  commencing  in  1859  and  ending 
in  1865,  but  was  expelled  July  11,  1861. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  National  Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

Nicholson,  John. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  for  several  years  of  the  New  York 
Assembly,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1809  to  1811. 
Died  January,  1820,  aged  fifty-five  years. 

Nicholson,  John  A.—  He  was  born 
in  Laurel,  Sussex  County,  Delaware,  No 
vember  17,  1827 ;  was  educated  at  Dick 
inson  College,  Pennsylvania;  settled  at 
Dover,  .Delaware,  in  1847;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1850 ;  subsequently 
retired  to  private  life,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Delaware,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Public  Expenditures,  and 
the  Special  Committee  on  the  Death  of 
President  Lincoln.  Re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Appropriations. 

Nicholson,    Joseph   Hopper. — A 

native  of  Maryland ;  received  a  good  edu 
cation,  and  was  a  lawyer  by  profession. 


In  1805  he  was  appointed  Chief  Judge  of 
the  Sixth  Judicial  District,  and  was  also  a 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals  of  Mary- 
laud.  From  1799  to  1806  lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  and  died  March  4, 
1817,  aged  forty-seven  years. 

Nicoll,  Henry. — Born  in  the  City  of 
New  York,  October  23,  1812;  graduated 
at  Columbia  College  in  1830;  studied  law, 
and  has  practised  with  success ;  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  "  Constitutional 
Convention"  in  1846;  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1847  to  1849. 

Niles,  John  31". — He  was  born  in 
Windsor,  Connecticut,  in  1787,  and  was 
bred  to  the  bar.  and  went  to  Hartford  in 
1816  to  practise  law.  In  1817  he  was 
there,  concerned  in  publishing  the 
"  Times,"  which  he  edited  for  a  time. 
In  1820  he  was  a  Commissioned  Judge  of 
the  County  Court.  He  was  appointed 
Postmaster  at  Hartford  by  President 
Jackson,  and  held  the  office  until  made  a 
Senator  in  Congress  in  1835,  in  which 
position  he  remained  until  1839.  In  1840 
he  was  appointed  Postmaster-General  by 
President  Van  Buren.  In  1842  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
served  six  years,  retired  to  private  life, 
and  died  May  31,  1856.  He  was  fond  of 
literary  pursuits,  and  his  contributions  to 
the  periodical  press  were  abundant.  He 
edited  a  "Gazetteer"  of  Connecticut  and 
Rhode  Island,  and  wrote  a  "History  of 
South  America."  In  his  will  he  gave  $20,- 
000  for  the  benefit  of  the  poor  of  Hart 
ford,  and  bequeathed  his  library  to  the 
Historical  Society  of  Connecticut. 

Niles,  Nathaniel.— He  was  born  in 
South  Princeton,  Rhode  Island,  in  1741 ; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1766; 
was  a  student  of  law,  medicine,  and  the 
ology;  was  the  inventor  of  making  wire 
from  bar  iron,  by  water  power,  and  erected 
at  Norwich,  Connecticut,  a  wooilen  card 
manufactory;  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Vermont  Legislature,  and  Speaker  of  the 
House ;  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
that  State ;  was  six  times  a  Presidential 
Elector;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Vermont,  from  1791  to  1795. 
He  wrote  poetry  and  many  sermons,  and 
preached  in  his  own  house  twelve  years. 
He  died  at  West  Faiiiee,  Vermont,  in  No 
vember,  1828. 

Nisbet,  E.  A. — He  was  born  in  Geor 
gia;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1842. 
Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Niven,  Archibald  C.— He  was  bora 
in  New  York.;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845 
to  1847 ;  and  a  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature  in  1864. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


287 


Nixon,  John  I. — Born  in  Cumberland 
County,  New  Jersey,  in  1820;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1841 ;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1845 ;  served  in  the 
New  Jersey  Legislature  from  1848  to  1850, 
during  the  last  year  as  Speaker;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative, from  New  Jersey, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Noble,  David  A.—  He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts;  liberally  educated ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law ;  and  on  removing 
to  Michigan,  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Noble,  James. — He  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1816  to  1831, 
having  died  in  Washington,  February  26, 
of  the  latter  year.  He  was  a  native  of 
Battletown,  Clark  County,  Virginia,  but 
removed  when  a  youth  to  Kentucky,  and 
subsequently  to  Indiana.  He  was  a  self- 
educated  man,  and  very  influential  in  his 
adopted  State. 

Noble,  Warren  JP. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  June  14,  1821 ;  received  a 
good  English  education  in  the  State  of 
Ohio ;  studied  law,  and  has  practised  ever 
s^nce  his  admission  to  the  bar;  was  elected 
to  the  Ohio  Legislature  in  1856,  serving 
two  terms,  and  in  1860  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  Ohio  to  the  Thirty-sev 
enth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Patents ;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  same  commit 
tee. 

Noble,  William  H. — He  was  born 
in  New  York;  served  three  years  in  the 
Assembly  of  that  State,  from  Cayuga 
County ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1837  to  1839. 
Died  at  Rochester,  February  5,  1850,  aged 
sixty-two  years. 

Noell,  John  W. — Born  in  Bradford 
County,  Virginia,  February  15,  1816 ;  emi 
grated  to  Missouri  with  his  parents  in 
1832 ;  received  a  liberal  education ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law;  from  1841  to 
1850  he  was  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of 
Perry  County,  Missouri;  served  four 
years  in  the  State  Senate  of  Missouri ;  and 
in  1858  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Missouri,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenses  of  the  Public  Build 
ings.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Claims.  He  was  also  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  but 
died  in  Washington,  March  14,  1863. 


Noell,  Thomas  E. — He  was  born  in 
Pcrryville,  Missouri,  April  3,  1839 ;  re 
ceived  a  good  English  education ;  when 
nineteen  years  of  age  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practised  law  until  1861,  when 
he  was  appointed  a  Military  Commissioner 
for  arrest  of  disloyal  persons ;  subse 
quently  went  into  the  ranks  of  the  State 
Militia  and  obtained  the  rank  of  Major, 
which  he  held  until  1862;  in  that  year  he 
was  appointed  a  Captain  in  the  Nineteenth 
regiment  of  regular  United  States  Infan 
try;  and  he  was  subsequently  elected  a 
Representative  from  Missouri  to  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Private  Land  Claims,  the 
Militia,  and  Mines  and  Mining.  He  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion  "held  in  Philadelphia,  in  1866,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  but 
died  at  St.  Louis,  October  3,  1867. 

Norris,  Moses,— Born  in  Pittsfleld, 
New  Hampshire,  in  1799;  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1828 ;  studied  law, 
and  devoted  himself  successfully  to  the 
practice ;  in  1839  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature,  and  in  1840  wa«  elected 
Speaker  of  the  House ;  in  1841  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  Council; 
and  in  1843  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  where  he  continued  four 
years.  In  1847  he  was  again  a  member  of 
the  Legislature,  and  Speaker;  and  while 
serving  in  that  capacity,  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  serving  from  1849  to 
1855 ;  and  he  died  at  Washington,  January 
11,  1855. 

North,    William* — He  was  Aid  to 

Baron  Steuben,  in  the  Revolutionary  war, 
and  afterwards  appointed  Adjutant-Gen 
eral.  He  was  Senator  in  Congress,  by  ap 
pointment,  from  New  York,  in  1798,  in  the 
place  of  J.  S.  Hobart,  resigned.  Died  at 
New  York,  January  4,  1836,  aged  eighty- 
three  years ;  and  was  buried  at  Duancs- 
burg. 

Norton,  Daniel  8.—  Born  in  Mount 
Vernon,  Knox  County,  Ohio,  April  12, 
1829;  was  educated  at  Kenyon  College; 
served  one  year  in  the  war  with  Mexico, 
in  the  Second  Ohio  Regiment ;  commenced 
the  study  of  law  in  1848,  at  Mount  Vernon ; 
and  in  1850  went  across  the  plains  to  Cal 
ifornia,  spending  a  part  of  that  and  the 
following  year  in  Nicaragua.  Returning 
to  Ohio  he  renewed  the  study  of  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1852 ;  practised  his  pro 
fession  in  that  State  until  1855,  when  he 
removed  to  Minnesota;  in  1857  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate,  declining  a 
re-election  in  1859.  but  was  re-elected  in 
1860,  and  also  in  1863  and  1864,  having 
been  a  member  of  the  State  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  in  1862.  In  1865  he  took  his 
seat  as  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Min 
nesota  for  the  term  ending  in  1871,  serving 


288 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


oil  the  Committees  on  Indian  Affairs,  En 
grossed  Bills,  Claims,  Territories,  and 
Patents  and  the  Patent  Office.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National 
Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Norton,  Ebenezer  F. — He  was  born 
in  New  York;  served  in  the  State  Assem 
bly,  from  Erie  County,  in  1823 ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1829  to  1831. 

Norton,  Elijah  H.  —  Was  born  in 
Logan  County,  Kentucky,  November  24, 
1821 ;  received  a  liberal  classical  educa 
tion,  graduating  at  the  Transylvania  Law 
School  in  1841 ;  removed  to  Missouri  in 
1845 ;  practised  law  until  1852,  when  he 
was  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court 
of  Missouri;  re-elected  to  the  same  posi 
tion  in  1857;  and,  after  resigning  the 
Judgeship,  in  1860,  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Missouri,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads. 

Norton,  Jesse  O.  —  Was  born  in 
Vermont ;  graduated  at  Williams  College, 
Massachusetts;  emigrated  to  Illinois  in 
1839 ;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  of 
Illinois  in  1840;  was  a  member  in  1847 
of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Convention ;  " 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in 
1851  and  1852;  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Illinois,  to  the  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Post  Offices  and  Post 
Roads ;  in  1857  was  elected  Judge  of  the 
Eleventh  Judicial  District  of  Illinois,  hold 
ing  the  office  until  1862 ;  and  in  1863  was 
re-elected  a  Representative  to  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Post  Offices 
and  Post  Roads,  and  Revolutionary  Pen 
sions.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "  National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Norvell,  John*  — He  was  bred  a 
printer;  was  for  a  time  the  editor  of  a 
newspaper  in  Philadelphia;  was  appoint 
ed,  by  President  Jackson,  Postmaster  of 
Detroit,  in  Michigan ;  and,  having  become 
identified  with  the  Territory  of  Michigan, 
became  one  of  the  Senators  in  Congress, 
from  the  new  State,  having  served  in  that 
capacity  from  1835  to  1841.  He  died  of 
apoplexy,  in  April,  1850. 

Nott,  Abraham.  — HQ  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1787;  was  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  South  Carolina,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1799  to  1801.  Died  June 
19,  1830. 

Nourse,  Amos.  —  Ho  graduated  at 
Harvard  in  1812;  studied  medicine;  was 
a  Medical  Lecturer  at  Bowdoin  College 
from  1846  to  1854,  and  Medical  Professor 
since  1854.  He  was  also  Postmaster  at 


Hallowell,  Maine,  and  Collector  of  Cus 
toms  at  Bath,  and  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  January  to  March,  in 

1857. 

Noyes,  John. — He  was  a  graduate 
of  Dartmouth  College  in  1795;  was  subse 
quently  a  tutor  in  that  institution ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Vermont,  from  1815  to  1817.  He 
died  in  1841,  aged  seventy-eight  years. 

Noyes,  Joseph  C. — He  was  born  in 
Portland  in  1798;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1837 
to  1839,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Agriculture.  He  was  a  mer 
chant  by  occupation ;  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1833;  and  Collector 
of  the  Passamaquoddy  District  from  1841 
to  1843 ;  and  was  subsequently  Treasurer 
of  the  Portland  Savings  Bank. 

NucJcolls,  William  C. — He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  that  State  in  1820;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
from  1827  to  1833. 

Nugen,  Robert  H. — He  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1809 ;  with  his  parents  removed  to  Colum- 
biana  County,  Ohio,  in  1811;  settled  in 
Tuscarawas  County  in  1828 ;  and  in  1860 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio* 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  De 
clined  a  re-election. 

Nunn,  David  A.—  Born  in  Haywood 
County,  Tennessee,  July  26,  1832;  edu 
cated  at  the  College  of  West  Tennessee; 
studied  and  practised  law ;  was  elected  in 
1863  to  the  State  Senate ;  in  1865  to  the 
State  House  of  Representatives;  and 
elected  a  Representative  from  Tennessee 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Invalid  Pensions. 

Nye,  James  W.  —  He  was  born  in 
Madison  County,  New  York,  June  10, 
1815;  adopted  the  profession  of  law;  in 
1861  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
Governor  of  Nevada  Territory,  in  which 
position  he  continued  until  the  adoption 
of  the  State  Constitution,  when  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  the 
new  State  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1865,  and  ending  in  1867,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Naval  Affairs,  and  Terri 
tories,  and  as  Chairman  of  that  on  En 
rolled  Bills.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
the  National  Committee  appointed  to  ac 
company  the  remains  of  President  Lin 
coln  to  Illinois,  and  in  January,  1867,  he 
was  re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term 
ending  in  1873,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Claims. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


289 


Oakley,  Thomas  J~ac7sson.—Born 

in  Duchess  County,  New  York,  in  1783; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1801 ;  studied 
law,  and  entered  on  the  practice  at  Pough- 
keepsie,  New  York.  In  1810  he  was  ap 
pointed  Surrogate  of  Duchess  County,  and 
in  1813  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  where  he  continued,  until  1815, 
when  he  resumed  his  profession,  and  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Assembly.  He 
was  appointed  Attorney-General  of  the 
State  of  New  York  in  1819 ;  in  1820  again 
served  in  the  Assembly,  and  in  1827  he 
was  again  elected  to  Congress.  In  1828, 
when  the  Superior  Court  of  New  York 
City  was  organized,  he  was  appointed  one 
of  its  Judges ;  and  on  the  reorganization 
of  the  Court,  under  the  Constitution  of 
1846,  he  was  elected  the  Chief  Justice,  and 
continued  in  that  position  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  New  York  City,  May 
11,  1857.  The  duties  of  the  various  sta 
tions  to  which  he  was  called  he  discharged 
With  fidelity  and  marked  ability. 

O'Brien,  Jeremiah.  —  Born  at 
Machias,  Maine,  in  1768,  and  died  at  Bos 
ton,  May  30,  1858.  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1823 
to  1831.  Early  in  life,  and  after  the  sepa 
ration  of  Maine  from  Massachusetts,  he 
was  for  six  years  in  the  Legislature  of  the 
State.  His  educational  advantages  were 
limited,  but  he  was  a  man  of  sound  sense 
and  solid  judgment.  He  was  both  afarm- 
er  and  a  merchant. 

Oclell,  Moses  F. — Born  in  Tarry- 
town,  Westchester  County,  New  York, 
February  24,  1818 ;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  from  a  Clerk  he  rose  to 
the  position  of  Assistant  Collector  of  New 
York  City,  under  President  Polk;  under 
President  Buchanan  he  held  the  post  of 
Public  Appraiser,  and  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty  -  seventh  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the  Treas 
ury  Department,  and  member  of  that  on 
Indian  Affairs ;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Military  Affairs.  In  1865  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Johnson  Navy 
Agent  for  the  port  of  New  York,  but  died 
in  that  city,  June  13, 1866.  He  was  a  man 
of  rare  business  habits,  and  universally 
respected.  His  disease  was  cancer  in  the 
mouth. 

Ogden,  Aaron.  —  He  was  born  in 
Elizabethtown,  New  Jersey,  December  3, 
1756;  graduated  at  Nassau  Hall  in  1773; 
taught  school  for  a  time ;  served  as  an 
officer  in  the  army,  during  the  whole  Rev 
olutionary  war;  had  a  horse  shot  from 
under  him  at  the  battle  of  Springfield, 
New  Jersey ;  participated  in  the  Sullivan 
campaign  against  the  Indians ;  and  for  his 
services  at  Yorktown  was  complimented 
by  Washington ;  after  the  war  he  pursued 
19 


the  legal  profession  with  distinction ;  was 
a  Presidential  Elector  in  1800;  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  1801  to  1803 ;  was 
Governor  of  New  Jersey  in  1812 ;  and  at 
the  time  of  his  death  was  President-Gen 
eral  of  the  Society  of  Cincinnati.  He 
died  at  Jersey  City,  April  19,  1839.  Dur 
ing  the  war  of  1812,  President  Madison 
offered  him  a  commission  as  Major-Gen- 
eral  in  the  Army  of  the  United  States, 
which  honor  he  declined,  preferring  to 
continue,  as  he  had  been,  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  Militia  of  his  own  State. 

Ogden,  David  A.— He  was  born  in 
Morristowu, New  Jersey;  studied law,and 
took  up  his  residence  in  St.  Lawrence 
County,  New  York,  in  1812;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Assembly  in  1814  and  1815; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
New  York,  from  1817  to  1819.  He  died  at 
Montreal,  Canada,  June  9,  1829. 

Ogle,  Alexander. —Was  born  in 
Maryland  about  the  year  1765 ;  removed 
at  an  early  age  to  Somerset,  Pennsylva 
nia;  in  1806  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  frequently  re-elected; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1817  to  1819.  He 
subsequently  served  several  years  in  both 
houses  of  the  State  Legislature ;  was  a 
General  of  Militia;  and  for  nine  years 
Prothonotary  of  his  county.  Died  in 
Somerset,  Pennsylvania,  October  14, 1852. 

Ogle,  Andrew  <7. — Born  at  Somer 
set,  Pennsylvania,  in  1822,  and  was  the 
grandson  of  Alexander  Ogle.  He  was 
considered  a  precocious  politician,  and 
was  Prothonotary  of  his  county  when 
twenty-one  years  of  age ;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1849  to  1851.  President 
Fillmore  appointed  him  Charge  d'Affaires 
to  Denmark,  1852,  but  he  died  suddenly 
of  apoplexy  before  accepting  the  appoint 
ment. 

Ogle,  Charles. — He  was  the  son  of 
Alexander  Ogle,  and  was  born  at  Somer 
set.  Pennsylvania,  in  1798.  He  was  edu 
cated  for  the  bar,  and  was  a  successful 
lawyer.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1837  to 
1841,  distinguishing  himself  by  a  speech 
against  the  appropriation  for  furnishing  the 
Executive  Mansion.  He  was  also  a  Gen 
eral  «f  Militia.  Died  May  10,  1841,  having 
been  elected  to  the  succeeding  Congress. 

Olcott,  Simeon.— He  was  born  in 
1737;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1761; 
studied  law,  and  settled  in  the  practice  at 
Charlestown,  New  Hampshire;  he  was 
appointed,  in  1784,  Chief  Justice  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas;  in  1790  a  Judge 
of  the  Superior  Court ;  Chief  Judge  of 
the  same  Court  in  1795 ;  and  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 


290 


BIOGRAPHICAL   EECOED8. 


from    1801    to   1805. 
Hampshire  in  1815. 


He  died  in  New 


Olds,  Edson  B.  —  He  was  born  in 
Vermont,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1849  to  1855. 
In  1862  he  was  for  a  short  time  impris 
oned  in  Fort  Lafayette  for  supposed  dis 
loyalty,  and  while  there  confined,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of  Ohio, 
having  previously  served  six  years  in  the 
State  Legislature,  and  been  Speaker  of 
the  Senate. 

Olin,  Abraham  I?.— He  was  born 
in  Shaftsbury,  Beunington  County,  Ver 
mont,  in  1812 ;  graduated  at  Williams  Col 
lege,  Massachusetts,  in  1835 ;  commenced 
the  practice  of  law  at  Troy,  New  York,  in 
1838 ;  was  for  three  years  Recorder  of  the 
City  of  Troy ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
from  New  York,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Expenditures  on  the 
Public  Buildings.  He  was  also  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Military  Af 
fairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  also.  In  1863  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Lincoln,  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  the  District  of  Columbia ; 
and  in  1865  the  degree  of  LL.D.  was  con 
ferred  upon  him  by  Union  College.  His 
father,  Gideon  Olin,  was  in  Congress, 
from  Vermont,  during  the  administration 
of  President  Jefferson. 

Olin,  Gideon.  —  He  was  born  in 
Rhode  Island,  and,  removing  to  Vermont, 
became  one  of  its  founders.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature,  and 
Speaker  of  the  House,  a  Judge  of  the 
County  Court,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1803  to  1807.  He  died  at 
Shaftsbury,  Vermont,  in  1822. 

Olin,  Henry.  —  His  boyhood  was 
spent  in  Addison  County,  Vermont;  he 
was  elected  to  the  General  Assembly  of  that 
State  in  1799,  and,  excepting  four  years, 
continued  to  serve  in  that  capacity  until 
1825 ;  he  was  also  a  member  of  the  "  State 
Constitutional  Convention  "  of  1814,  1822, 
and  1828 ;  was  an  Associate  Judge  of  the 
Addison  County  Court  from  1801  to  1806 ; 
Chief  Judge  of  said  Court  in  1807,  and 
from  1810  to  1824;  and  he  was  chosen  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  to  fill  a  va 
cancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  Rich, 
in  1824,  and  served  through  the  term, 
ending  in  1825.  He  died  at  Salisbury, 
Vermont,  in  1837,  aged  seventy  years. 

Oliver,  Andrew. — Born  at  Spring 
field,  Otsego  County,  New  York.  Soon 
after  his  birth,  in  1819,  his  parents  re 
moved  to  Pcnu  Yan,  in  Yates  County.  He 
received  a  classical  education,  and  gradu 
ated  at  Union  College  in  1835;  he  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1838,and 


entered  upon  a  successful  practice.  He 
was  appointed  to  succeed  his  father  as 
First  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  in  1843,  which  position  he  held  until 
the  adoption  of  the  new  State  Constitu 
tion.  In  1846  he  was  elected  Judge  of  the 
Surrogate  and  County  Courts.  In  1852  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth.  Since  that  time  he  has  been 
devoted  to  the  practice  of  his  profession. 

Oliver,  Jtfordecai. — Born  in  Ander 
son  County,  Kentucky,  October  22,  1819, 
and  emigrated  to  Missouri  in  1832.  He 
received  as  good  an  education  as  that 
country  afforded,  and  entered  upon  the 
study  of  law  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842.  He  was 
elected  Circuit  Attorney  for  the  Fifth 
Judicial  Circuit  of  Missouri  in  1848 ;  and 
in  1852  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Thir 
ty-third  Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth.  Upon  retiring  from  Con 
gress,  he  resumed  the  duties  of  his  pro 
fession  in  Richmond,  Missouri. 

Oliver,  William  M. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Springfield,  Otsego  County,  New 
York;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and 
for  a  long  time  the  First  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas.  He  was  a  State 
Senator  and  Lieutenant-Governor  in  1830, 
and  a  Representative  from  New  York  in 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress. 

O'Neill,  Charles.— Born  in  Phila 
delphia,  March  21,  1821  ;  graduated  at 
Dickinson  College  in  1840 ;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1843 ;  in  1850, 1851, 
and  1852  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Leg 
islature,  and  in  1853  to  the  State  Senate ; 
re-elected  to  the  Legislature  in  1859 ;  and 
in  1862  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Com 
merce.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  same  committee. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  again  on  the  same  committee  and 
that  on  Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office 
Department. 

O'Neill,  John.—  Was  born  in  Phila 
delphia,  December  17,  1821.  In  1827  his 
father  settled  in  Frederick  City,Marylanl, 
and  at  St.  John's  College,  in  that  place, 
he  received  his  education;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  of  Maryland  in  1842 ; 
in  1844  he  removed  to  Ohio,  and  there 
practised  his  profession  iu  the  Supreme 
Court ;  in  1855  he  was  elected  a  Prosecut 
ing  Attorney  for  Muskingum  County ;  and 
iu  1862  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Private 
Land  Claims. 

Ormsby,  StepJien.—IIe  was  a  Judge 
of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Kentucky ;  a  Rep- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


291 


resentative  in  Congress  from  1811  to  1817; 
lived  to  an  advanced  age,  and  died  in  Ken 
tucky.  He  was  defeated  in  1813,  but  his 
successful  competitor,  John  Simpson,  hav 
ing  been  killed  at  the  battle  of  River  Rai- 
sin,  he  was  re-elected  before  the  opening 
of  Congress. 

Orr,  Alexander  X). — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1792  to  1797,  and  died  at  Paris,  in 
that  Slate,  June  21,  1835,  aged  seventy 
years. 

Orr,  Benjamin.— A.  native  of  Bed 
ford,  New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1798,  and  settled  as 
a  lawyer  in  Brunswick,  Maine,  attaining 
a  high  rank  in  his  profession.  He  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1817  to  1819,  and 
died  in  Brunswick  in  1828,  aged  fifty 
years. 

Orr,  James  L,.—  He  was  born  at  Cray- 
tonville,  South  Carolina,  May  12,  1822; 
received  his  education  chiefly  in  the  Uni- 
\;ersity  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843.  In  1844  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ;  re- 
elected  in  1845 ;  and  in  1848  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  South 
Carolina,  to  which  position  he  was  subse 
quently  re-elected.  During  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  he  was  frequently  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  of  the  Whole  on  the 
State  of  the  Union,  and  during  the  next 
Congress  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Indian  Affairs ;  and  on  the  assembling 
of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  he  was  elected 
Speaker.  In  December,  1860,  he  was  ap 
pointed  one  of  the  Commissioners  to  visit 
Washington  in  behalf  of  South  Carolina. 
In  1865  he  was  elected  Governor  of  South 
Carolina. 

Orr,  Robert. — He  was  born  in  West 
moreland  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1825  to  1829. 

Orth,  Godlove  S. — Born  near  Leba 
non,  Pennsylvania,  April  22, 1817 ;  was  edu 
cated  chiefly  at  the  Pennsylvania  College, 
Gettysburg ;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1839,  locating  in  Indiana.  In  1843 
and  1846  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate,  serving  six  years  in  all,  and  one  year 
as  President  of  that  body;  was  a  Presiden 
tial  Elector  in  1848 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
"  Peace  Congress  "  of  1861 ;  and  in  1862  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  from  Indiana 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  In 
1862,  when  a  call  was  made  for  men  to  de 
fend  Indiana  from  threatened  incursions, 
he  organized  a  company  in  two  hours,  was 
elected  Captain  and  placed  in  command  of 
the  United  States  Ram  "  Homer,"  cruising 
the  Ohio  River,  and  doing  much  to  restore 


quiet  along  the  borders  of  Kentucky,  Indi 
ana,  and  Illinois.  Also  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Death  of  President 
Lincoln,  Freedmen,  and  Foreign  Affairs. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  Committee  on  Private 
Laud  Claims. 

Osborne,  Thomas  B.—  He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839 
to  1843. 

Osgood,  Gay  ton  P.— He  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1815 ;  served  in 
the  Massachusetts  Legislature  in  1829  and 
1831 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1832  to 
1835.  Died  June  26,  1861,  aged  sixty-four 
years. 

Osgood,  Samuel.  — He  was  a  native 
of  Massachusetts ;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1770;  was  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  War  during  the  early  years  of 
the  Revolution.  In  1775  and  1776  he  was 
an  Aid  to  General  Ward.  From  1780  to 
1784  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  and  in  1785  was  appointed  by 
that  body  first  Commissioner  of  the  Treas- 
sury.  In  1789  he  was  appointed,  by 
Washington,  Postmaster-General,  and  re 
tained  the  office  two  years.  He  held  other 
public  offices ;  published  a  work  on  ' '  Chro 
nology  ;  "  "  Remarks  on  Daniel  and  Revela 
tion  ; "  "  Letters  on  Episcopacy,"  and  other 
subjects.  Died  at  New  York,  August  12, 
1813,  aged  sixty-five  years. 

Otero,  Miguel  A.— He  was  born  at 
Valencia,  New  Mexico,  June  21,  1829; 
was  educated  at  the  St.  Louis  University, 
in  Missouri ;  studied  law,  and  was  admit 
ted  to  practice  in  Missouri  in  1852 ;  return 
ing  to  New  Mexico,  he  was  elected  to  the 
Territorial  Legislature;  was  appointed, 
by  President  Pierce,  United  States  Dis 
trict  Attorney  for  the  Territory,  but  de 
clined  to  serve ;  held  the  office  for  a  time 
of  Attorney-General  for  the  Territory; 
and  in  1855  he  was  elected  a  Delegate  to 
Congress  from  New  Mexico. 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray.  —  He  was 
born  in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  October 
8,  1765,  and  died  at  Boston,  October  28, 
1848.  His  father,  Samuel  A.  Otis,  was 
the  first  Secretary  of  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States,  which  office  he  held  for 
twenty-five  years.  Harrison  Gray  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  University  in  1783,  and 
soon  became  a  successful  practitioner  at 
the  bar.  He  was  for  many  years  an  ac 
tive  and  leading  member  of  the  State 
Legislature,  serving  as  Speaker  and  Pres 
ident  of  the  Senate.  He  was  chosen  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  for  the  Suf 
folk  District,  in  1797,  and  served  through 
President  Adams's  administration ;  and  in 


292 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


1817  he  was  chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
where  he  remained  for  five  years.  He 
was  also  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  and  Mayor  of  Boston,  for  whose 
prosperity  he  accomplished  much  good ; 
displaying,  in  all  his  public  stations,  great 
ability,  and  the  utmost  fidelity  to  the  pub 
lic  interests.  He  was  also  appointed,  by 
President  Adams,  United  States  District 
Attorney  for  Massachusetts,  and  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Hartford  Convention  "  in 
1314.  He  was  distinguished  for  his  schol 
arly  acquirements,  and  for  his  eloquence 
as  an  orator. 

Otis,  John. — He  was  born  in  Maine, 
in  1801 ;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College  in 
1823;  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
served  five  years  in  the  Maine  Legislature ; 
was  a  Commissioner  for  settling  the 
North-eastern  boundary;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine. 
from  1849  to  1851;  and  died  October  17, 
1856. 

Otis,  Samuel  Allyne.—  He  was  born 
in  Boston,  Massachusetts;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1759.  In  1776  he  was 
a  Representative  in  the  Assembly,  and 
subsequently  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  framed  the  Constitution  of 
Massachusetts.  From  1787  to  1788  he 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  and  upon  the  adoption  of  the 
Constitution  was  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Senate,  holding  that  office  for  more 
than  thirty  years.  He  died  at  Washing 
ton,  April  22,  1814,  aged  seventy-three 
years. 

Outlaw,  David.  —  Born  in  Bertie 
County,  North  Carolina,  and  graduated  at 
the  University  of  that  State  in  1824.  He 
read  law  at  Newbern,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1827.  He  served  three  years 
in  the  House  of  Commons ;  was  elected 
Solicitor  of  Edenton  District  in  183G;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1847  to  1853. 

Outlaw,  George  €.— He  was  born 
in  Bertie  County,  North  Carolina ;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  in!79G; 
in  the  State  Senate  a  number  of  years 
thereafter ;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  during  the  years  1824  and  1825. 
Died  August  15,  1835. 

Overstreet,  James.— He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Barnwell  District,  South  Carolina; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1822.  Died  in 
1822. 

Overton,  Walter  JET.— He  was  a 
Eepresentative  in  Congress,  from  Louisi 
ana,  from  1829  to  1831. 

Owen,  Allen  F.—He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  and  having  removed  to 


Georgia,  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1849  to  1851.  lie  was 
subsequently  appointed  Consul  at  Havana. 

Owen,  George  W. — Born  in  Bruns 
wick  County,  Virginia,  in  17D8;  was 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  Alabama ;  Mayor  of  Mobile ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1823  to  1829,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  Collector  of  the  port  of  Mobile. 
He  died  August  18, 1839,  at  Mobile,  Ala 
bama. 

Owen,  James.  —  Born  in  Bladen 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  December, 
1784.  He  was  well  educated,  and 
adopted  the  occupation  of  a  planter.  He 
was  a  General  of  Militia;  four  years  a 
member  of  the  Legislature;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1817  to  1819. 

Owen,  Robert  Dale.— He  was  born 
in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  November  7,  1801. 
His  grandfather,  David  Dale,  was  an  emi 
nent  cotton  manufacturer  on  the  Clyde; 
and  his  father,  Robert  Owen,  was  the  cele 
brated  philanthropist.  He  was  educated 
by  a  private  tutor  until  the  age  of  sixteen, 
when  he  entered  the  private  college  of 
Hofvvyl,  near  Berne,  in  Switzerland,  re 
maining  there  three  years.  In  1826,  his 
father  having  purchased  the  estate  of  New 
Harmony,  in  Indiana,  he  emigrated  to 
this  country.  In  1835  he  was  chosen  to  the 
Indiana  Legislature,  and  twice  re-elected. 
In  1843  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  Indiana,  and  re-elected  in 
1845.  He  introduced  the  bill  organizing 
the  Smithsonian  Institution,  and  was  one 
of  its  first  Regents ;  and  he  also  submitted 
the  resolution  which  brought  about  a  set 
tlement  of  the  Oregon  Boundary.  In 
1849  he  was  elected  to  the  "  Constitutional 
Convention "  of  Indiana,  and  made  its 
Chairman ;  and  in  1853  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Pierce,  Minister  to  Naples, 
remaining  there  five  years.  In  1860  he 
published  "Footfalls  on  the  Boundary  of 
Another  World,"  and  in  1864  "  The  Wrong 
of  Slavery  and  the  Right  of  Emancipation." 
After  a  succession  of  efforts,  extending 
through  fifteen  years,  he  procured  the 
passage  in  Indiana  of  laws  securing  to 
women  independent  rights  of  property; 
and  during  the  Rebellion  he  served  on 
two  important  Government  Commissions. 

Owens,  George  W. — A  prominent 
memberof  the  Georgia  bar,  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1835  to  1839.  Died  at  Savannah  in  1856. 

Owsley,  Bryan  Y. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

Paca,  William.—  Born  at  Wye  Hall, 


BIOaEAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


293 


Maryland,  October  31,  1740;  received  a 
liberal  education,  and  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law ;  was  a  member  of  the  Mary 
land  Legislature;  a  Delegate  from  that 
State  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1774  to  1779;  was  a  signer  of  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence.  On  the  com 
mencement  of  hostilities  he  contributed 
of  his  private  wealth  to  the  public  cause ; 
served  upon  various  important  local  com 
mittees;  after  leaving  Congress  he  was 
appointed  Chief  Judge  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  Maryland,  and  in  1780  he  was 
appointed  Chief  Judge  in  Admiralty  cases ; 
in  1782  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Mary 
land,  and  re-elected  in  1786;  in  1789  he 
•was  appointed  District  Judge  for  the 
District  of  Maryland,  which  office  he  held 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1799. 

"Packer,  Asa.  — He  was  born  in  Con- 
nccticut;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1853 
to  1857. 

Page,  J'ohn.—He  was  one  of  the  first 
Representatives  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  under  the  present  Constitution, 
serving  from  1789  to  1797,  and  was  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 
Government  on  the  Potomac.  In  1800  he 
was  chosen  one  of  the  Electors  for  Presi 
dent,  and  from  1802  to  1805  was  Governor 
of  Virginia.  He  published  addresses  to 
the  people  in  1796  and  1799.  He  died  at 
Richmond,  Virginia,  October  11,  1804, 
aged  sixty-four  years. 

Page,  John. — He  was  born  in  Haver- 
hill,  New  Hampshire,  May  21,  1787;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education,  but  was 
chiefly  devoted  to  agricultural  pursuits. 
In  1815  he  was  appointed  an  Assessor  of 
Taxes ;  was  a  Register  of  Deeds  from  1828 
to  1834  for  Grafton  County ;  served  in  the 
New  Hampshire  Legislature  in  1818,  1819, 
1820,  and  1835;  in  1836  he  was  chosen  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council,  and 
again  in  1838 ;  and  it  was  during  the  in 
tervening  year  1837  that  he  served  as  a 
Senator  in  Congress  for  the  unexpired  term 
of  Isaac  Hill,  resigned;  and  he  was  Gov 
ernor  of  New  Hampshire  from  1839  to 
1842.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity,  and  a  leading  member  of  the 
Methodist  Church.  Died  at  Concord,  Sep 
tember  8,  1865. 

Page,  Mann.  —He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Virginia,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  in  1777. 

Page,  Robert.— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1799  to  1801. 

Page,  Sherman.  —  He  was  born  in 
Connecticut;  served  in  the  Assembly  of 
New  York,  from  Otsego  County,  in  1827; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 


from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1S37.  He  was 
also  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas  in  Otsego 
County,  and  died  in  Unadilla. 

Paine,  Elijah.—  Born  in  Brooklyn, 
Connecticut,  January  21,  1757,  and  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  College  in  1781.  He  was 
the  first  President  of  the  Phi  Beta  Kappa 
Society  of  Harvard,  and  pronounced  the 
first  oration  before  the  same.  He  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession;  and,  having  settled 
in  Vermont,  was  one  of  the  most  useful 
pioneers  of  the  new  State,  following  the 
practice  of  his  profession,  and  the  employ 
ments  of  farmer,  road-maker,  and  cloth- 
manufacturer.  In  1786  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Convention  called  to  revise  the  State 
Constitution,  and  of  which  he  was  Secre 
tary.  In  1787  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  so  continued  until  1791, 
when  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court.  He  was  one  of  the  Commis 
sioners  to  settle  the  controversy  between 
Vermont  and  New  York  in  1789;  was  a 
Trustee  of  Dartmouth  College ;  President 
of  the  Vermont  Colonization  Society;  a 
pecuniary  benefactor  to  the  University  of 
Vermont ;  received  from  Harvard  College 
the  degree  of  LL.D.,  and  was  elected  a 
Fellow  of  the  American  Academy  of  Arts 
and  Sciences,  and  an  ordinary  member  of 
several  other  literary  institutions.  He 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1795  to  1801.  In  1801  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Adams,  Judge  of 
the  District  Court  of  Vermont,  which  office 
he  held  till  within  a  month  of  his  death, 
when  he  resigned.  He  died  at  Williams- 
town,  Vermont,  April  21,  1842. 

Paine,  Ephraim. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1784  and  1785. . 

Paine,  Halbert  E. — He  was  born  in 
Chardon,  Geauga  County,  Ohio,  February 
4, 1826 ;  graduated  at  the  Western  Reserve 
College  in  1845 ;  studied  law  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1848,  settling  in  Cleveland ;  re 
moved  to  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  in  1857; 
entered  the  army  in  1861  as  Colonel  of  the 
Fourth  Wisconsin  Regiment;  was  pro 
moted  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-General  in 
March,  1863 ;  and  lost  a  leg  in  the  follow 
ing  June,  while  in  command  of  the  Third 
Division  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps,  at  the 
last  assault  on  Port  Hudson.  In  March, 
1865,  he  was  brevetted  a  Major-General, 
but  resigned  his  commission  in  May,  1865 ; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Elections, 
the  Select  Committee  on  the  Freedmen, 
and  that  on  the  Militia.  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention"  of  1866;  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Reconstruction,  and  Sol 
diers'  and  Sailors'  Bounties,  and  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  the  Militia. 


294 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Paine,  Robert  Treat.— Tie  was  born 
in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  in  1731 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  College  in  1749;  studied 
theology,  and  was  a  Chaplain  in  the  army 
in  1758;  and,  after  trying  various  other 
pursuits,  he  settled  in  Taunton  as  a  law 
yer.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1778,  and  was  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 
He  was  for  a  while  Attorney-General  of 
Massachusetts,  and  subsequently  a  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  that  State.  In 
1804  he  resigned  the  office  of  Judge,  and 
was  appointed  one  of  the  State  Council 
lors  ;  and  in  about  one  year  retired  to  pri 
vate  life.  Died  May  11,  1814.  His  son, 
bearing  the  same  name,  was  distinguished 
as  a  poet. 

Paine,  Robert  T.—  He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 

1857. 

Palen,  Rufus.—He  was  born  in  New 
York;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841. 

Palfrey,  John  G.—  Born  in  Boston, 
May  2,  1795.  He  was  prepared  for  college 
at  Exeter  Academy,  and  graduated  at 
Harvard  in  1815;  he  studied  theology, 
and  was  ordained  a  Unitarian  preacher  in 
1818 ;  he  was  subsequently,  for  a  number 
of  years,  editor  of  the  "North  American 
Keview;"  was  Professor  of  Sacred 
Literature  in  Harvard  College  from  1830 
to  1839  and  from  which  he  received  the 
degrees  of  D.D.  and  LL.D;  delivered  a 
course  of  lectures  before  the  Lowell  Insti 
tute  ;  during  the  years  1842  and  1843  he  was 
a  member  of  the  General  Court;  was 
elected  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  of 
Massachusetts ;  and  he  was  a  member  of 
Congress,  from  1847  and  1849.  His  pub 
lished  writings  are  numerous,  chiefly  of  a 
theological  and  political  character.  His 
last  work  was  a  History  of  New  England. 
In  1861  he  was  appointed  Postmaster  of 
Boston. 

Palmer,  Beriah. — Born  in  New 
York ;  served  four  years  in  the  Assembly 
of  New  York,  from  Saratoga  County;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1803  to  1805. 

Palmer,  George  W.— Born  in  Hoos- 
ick,  Rensselaer  County,  New  York,  Janu 
ary  13,  1818;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
was  Surrogate  of  Clinton  County  from 
1843  to  1847;  and  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  New  York, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Public  Expenditures. 


He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Baltimore 
Convention  "  of  1864.  In  1806  he  was 
appointed  a  Judge  of  the  mixed  court  at 
Sierra  Leone  under  the  Treaty  with  Great 
Britain  for  the  more  effectual  suppression 
of  the  slave  trade. 

Palmer,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Hoosick,  Rensselaer  County,  New  York, 
in  1785;  received  a  good  education,  and 
studied  law;  and,  having  settled  inPlatts- 
burg,  Clinton  County,  in  1810,  formed  a 
law  partnership  with  Chancellor  Wai- 
worth,  which  continued  until  1820.  He 
was  elected  a  Representative  to  Congress 
in  1817,  but  before  the  expiration  of  his 
term  he  was  chosen  District  Attorney  for 
Clinton  County,  in  which  capacity  he 
served  until  1831,  and  during  that  year  he 
was  made  the  first  Judge  of  said  county, 
and  held  the  office  until  1836.  He  was 
again  elected  to  Congress  in  1837,  and 
served  one  term.  He  died  of  consumption, 
at  St.  Bartholomew,  West  Indies,  Decem 
ber  8,  1840. 

Palmer,    William  A.—  He  was  a 

Senator  in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from 
1818  to  1825.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
Vermont  Legislature  for  six  years ;  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  in  1816 ;  Governor  of 
Vermont  from  1831  to  1835;  member  of  the 
"  Constitutional  Conventions  "  of  1828  and 
1836 ;  Judge  of  Probate  and  of  the  County 
Court ;  two  years  a  State  Senator;  and  for 
eight  years  Clerk  of  the  Courts.  Died 
at  Danville,  Vermont,  at  an  advanced  age, 
in  December,  1860. 

Par7ce,  Benjamin.— He  was  a  native 
of  New  Jersey,  and  was  born  in  1777.  He 
was  one  of  the  early  pioneers  to  the  West 
ern  Territory,  and  settled  in  that  portion 
which  now  forms  the  State  of  Indiana  in 
1800.  From  1805  to  1808  he  was  a  Dele 
gate  in  Congress  from  that  Territory,  and 
was  soon  after  appointed  by  President 
Jefferson  Judge  of  the  District  Court, 
which  office  he  held  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  Salem,  Indiana,  July  12,  1835. 
He  was  at  one  time  President  of  the  State 
Historical  Society. 

ParTcer,  Amasa  J. — Born  in  1807, 
at  Sharon,  Connecticut,  and  graduated  at 
Union  College,  New  York.  He  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  Delhi,  New  York,  in 
October,  1828.  In  1833  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  the  State  Legislature, 
and  in  1835  was  chosen  a  Regent  of  the 
University.  From  1837  to  1839  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  and  in  1844 
he  was  appointed  a  Circuit  Judge  and 
Vice-Chancellor  of  the  Court  of  Equity. 
Soon  after  the  adoption  of  a  New  State 
Constitution,  he  became  a  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  New  York.  In  1859  he 
was  appointed  United  States  Attorney  for 
the  District  of  New  York.  He  was  also 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


295 


a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Convention  " 
of  1864 ;  and  to  the  "  State  Constitutional 
Convention  "  of  1867. 

Parker,  Andrew. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851 
to  1853. 

Parker,  Isaac.  —  Born  in  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  June  17,  1768,  and  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  College  in  1786.  He  com 
menced  the  practice  of  law  at  Castiue,  in 
the  District  of  Maine,  and  was  elected  to 
Congress,  serving  as  Representative  from 
1797  to  1799.  He  was  appointed,  by  Pres 
ident  Adams,  Marshal  for  the  District  of 
Maine,  which  office  he  held  till  1801.  He 
afterwards  removed  to  Portland,  and  in 
1806  was  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court,  and  in  1814  Chief  Justice,  which 
position  he  occupied  for  sixteen  j^ears. 
In  1820  he  was  President  of  the  "  Massa 
chusetts  Convention  "  for  the  revision  of 
the  Constitution,  and  for  several  years  he 
was  Professor  of  Law  in  Harvard  Univer 
sity.  He  was  a  distinguished  scholar  and 
friend  of  literature,  and  for  eleven  years 
was  a  Trustee  of  Bowdoin  College,  and 
for  twenty  years  an  Overseer  of  Harvard. 
He  died  in  Boston,  May  26,  1830. 

Parker,  James. — He  was  born  in  the 
Township  of  Bethlehem,  Hunterdon  Coun 
ty,  New  Jersey,  March  1,  1776.  He  was  a 
student  in  Columbia  College,  New  York, 
and  graduated  in  1793;  he  entered  the 
counting-house  of  a  merchant  in  New 
York,  and  remained  there  until  1797,  when 
he  settled  in  Perth  Amboy,  where  he  has 
since  resided;  he  was  for  a  few  years 
engaged  in  trade ;  was  a  member  of  the 
New  Jersey  Legislature  in  1806,  1807, 
1808,  1809,  1810,  1812,  1813,  1815,  1816, 
1818,  and  1827,— in  all  eleven  years;  was 
a  Jackson  Elector  in  1824 ;  Collector  of 
the  Customs  at  Perth  Amboy  from  1829 
to  1833;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1833  to  1837.  He  also 
served  as  one  of  the  Commissioners,  on 
the  part  of  New  Jersey,  to  settle  the 
boundary  and  jurisdiction  between  New 
York  and  New  Jersey,  at  the  different 
periods  of  1807,  1827,  and  1833,  obtaining 
an  agreement  during  the  year  last  named ; 
and  he  was  a  member  of  the  "  Constitu 
tional  Convention "  of  the  State  in  1844. 
Mr.  Parker  is  still  living,  in  the  enjoy 
ment  of  a  pleasant  home  and  troops  of 
friends. 

Parker,  JTames.—A.  native  of  Bos 
ton,  Massachusetts ;  was  a  physician  by 
profession;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1813  to  1815,  and  from  1819  to  1821.  He 
was  for  fifty  years  a  resident  of  Gardiner, 
Maine,  where  he  died  November  9,  1837, 
aged  sixty-nine  years. 


Parker,  JoJm. — He  was  a  Delegate 
from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1786  to  1788. 

Parker,  John  Mason.—  Born    in 

Granville,  Washington  County,  New 
York,  June  14,  1805 ;  graduated  at  Micl- 
cllebury  College,  Vermont,  in  1828 ;  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession ;  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  from 
New  York,  serving  on  the  Committees  op 
Public  Expenditures  and  Revolutionary 
Pensions. 

Parker,  JosiaJi.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1789  to  1801 ;  and  was  one  of  those  who 
voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government 
on  the  Potomac. 

Parker,  NaJium, — He  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire, 
from  1807  to  1810,  having  also  held  the 
positions  of  State  Councillor  from  1805  to 
1807,  President  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1828,  and  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  for  Hilisborough  County  from  1822 
to  1825.  Died  in  1839,  aged  eighty  years. 

Parker,  Richard.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

Parker,  Richard  E.—  Born  in  1777; 
in  early  life  was  a  member  of  the  Vir 
ginia  House  of  Delegates ;  for  many  years 
a  Judge  of  the  General  and  Circuit  Courts 
of  Virginia;  also  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Appeals ;  and  for  a  brief  period, 
from  1836  to  1837,  a  Senator  in  Congress. 
He  died  in  Virginia,  in  November,  1840. 

Parker,  Samuel  W.—Tlc  was  born 
in  Jefferson  County,  New  York,  Septem 
ber  9,  1805 ;  graduated  at  the  Miami 
University,  in  Ohio,  in  1828;  settled  in 
Indiana;  and,  while  studying  law,  taught 
school  and  edited  a  newspaper;  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831 ;  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  in  1836,  where  he  served 
five  years ;  and  was  two  years  Attorney 
for  the  State.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1851  to 
1855 ;  he  was,  in  1846,  President  of  the 
White  Water  Canal  Company,  the  Char 
ter  for  which  he  had  passed  by  the  Legis 
lature  ;  in  1844:  he  was  a  Clay  Elector, 
and  in  1856  an  Elector  for  Fremont ;  and 
at  the  present  time  is  President  of  the 
Junction  Railway  Company  of  Indiana, 
where  he  resides,  chiefly  engaged  in  agri 
cultural  pursuits. 

Parker,  Severn  E.— He  was  born  in 
Northampton  County,  Virginia,  and  was 
a  prominent  member  of  the  Virginia  Leg 
islature,  an  eminent  lawyer,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1819  to  1821. 


29G 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


He  died  October  21,  1836,  in  Northampton 
County,  Virginia. 

Parks,  GorJiam.—Re  was  born  in 
the  western  part  of  Massachusetts  in  1793 ; 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1813; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  com 
menced  practice  at  Bangor;  and  was  a 
[Representative  in  Congress,  from  Maine, 
from  1832  to  .1837.  From  1838  to  1841  he 
•was  United  States  Marshal  for  the  Dis 
trict  of  Maine;  from  1843  to  1845  United 
States  Attorney ;  and  from  1845  to  1849 
United  States  Consul  at  liio  Janeiro. 

Parmenter,     William.  — He   was 

born  in  Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1837  to  1845.  He  was  also  a  State 
Senator  in  1836 ;  and  Naval  Officer  at  Bos 
ton  from  1845  to  1849.  Died  in  Cam 
bridge,  Massachusetts,  February  '27,  1866. 

Parris,  Albion  K.— He  was  born 
in  Hebron,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  Janu 
ary  19,  1788;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1806;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809;  in  1811  he 
was  appointed  Attorney  for  Oxford  Coun 
ty;  in  1813  was  elected  to  the  General 
Court;  in  1814  was  chosen  a  State  Sen 
ator;  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  in  1815,  and  again  in  1817;  in 
1816  he  was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention ; "  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Federal  District  Court  in 
1818,  when  he  resigned.  In  1819  he  was 
a  member  of  the  "  State  Convention"  for 
framing  a  Constitution;  and  in  1820  was 
appointed  Judge  of  Probate  for  Cumber 
land  County.  He  was  five  times  elected 
Governor  of  Maine,  from  1822  to  1827 ; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress  in  1827  and 
1828;  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  the  State  in  1828,  holding 
the  office  until  1836,  when  he  became 
Second  Comptroller  in  the  Federal  Treas 
ury  Department.  He  left  this  office  in 
1850,  and  returned  to  Portland,  of  which 
city,  in  1852,  he  was  elected  Mayor.  He 
died  in  Portland,  February  11,  1857. 

Parris,  Virgil  D.— Born  in  Maine, 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  was  as 
sistant  Secretary  of  the  State  Senate  in 
1831 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  Legis 
lature  from  1833  to  1839;  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1838 
to  1841 ;  a  State  Senator  in  1842  and  1843 ; 
United  States  Marshal  for  Maine  from 
1844  to  1848;  United  States  Special  Mail 
Agent  from  1853  to  1856 ;  and  subsequent 
ly  held  the  office  of  Naval  Storekeeper  at 
Kittery,  Maine.  When  in  the  State  Sen 
ate  he  was  President  pro  teni.,  and  for  a 
short  time  acting  Governor  of  the  State. 

Parrish,  Isaac. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 


gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841, 
and  again  from  1845  to  1847. 

Parrott,  John  F.—IIc  was  a  mem 
ber,  in  1811,  of  the  New  Hampshire  Leg 
islature ;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  from  1817  to  1819; 
and  a  Senator  of  the  United  States  from 
1819  to  1825;  and  in  1826  was  appointed 
Postmaster  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hamp 
shire.  He  died  in  Greenland,  New  Hamp 
shire,  July  9, 1836,  aged  sixty-eight  years. 

Parrott,  Marcus  J".— Born  at  Ham 
burg,  South  Carolina,  October  27,  1828 ; 
graduated  at  Dickinson  College,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1849;  is  a  lawyer  by  profession, 
having  studied  at  Cambridge;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Ohio  Legislature  in  1853  and 
1854 ;  and  was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  from  Kansas  Terri 
tory.  Elected  also  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress. 

Partridge,  George.— He  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  17G2 ;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1776  to  1778,  and  in  1784; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  after  the 
adoption  of  the  Constitution,  from  1789  to 
1791.  He  died  at  Duxbury,  Massachu 
setts,  July  7,  1828,  aged  eighty-eight 
years. 

Partridge,  Samuel.— He  was  born 
in  New  York;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

Paterson,  William.— Born  at  sea, 
of  Irish  parents,  in  1745.  He  graduated 
at  Princeton  ia  1763 ;  studied  law  and  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1769 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Convention  which  formed  the  first 
Constitution  of  New  Jersey  in  1776;  from 
that  time  until  the  -year  1786  he  was  At 
torney-General  of  the  State;  and  was  one 
of  the  first  Senators  in  Congress,  from 
1789  to  1790,  when  he  resigned,  having 
previously  been  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  which  formed  the  Federal  Constitu 
tion,  which  instrument  he  signed.  He 
was  Governor  of  New  Jersey  from  1791  to 
1794,  when  he  was  appointed,  by  the  Pres 
ident,  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States,  which  he  held  until  his 
death  in  1806.  In  1798  and  179:)  he  re 
vised,  by  authority  of  the  Legislature,  the 
laws  of  New  Jersey,  a  work  highly  es 
teemed  and  the  foundation  of  the  jurispru 
dence  of  the  State.  He  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  from  Harvard  and  Dart 
mouth. 

Patterson,  David  T.—  He  was  born 
in  Greene  County,  Tennessee,  February  28, 
1819 ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
was  engaged  f  .jr  a  time  as  a  paper-maker 
and  also  as  a  miller;  studied  law  and 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


297 


came  to  the  bar  in  1841 ;  was  elected  a 
Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  in  1854,  and 
re-elected  in  1862;  and  in  1865  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ten 
nessee,  for  the  term  ending  in  1869,  having 
taken  his  seat  on  the  last  day  of  the  lirst 
session  of  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and 
serving,  during  the  subsequent  session, 
on  the  Committees  on  Commerce,  Revo 
lutionary  Claims,  and  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia.  He  is  the  son-in-law  of  Presi 
dent  Andrew  Johnson. 

Patterson,  James  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Ilcnniker,  Merrimack  Count}1-,  New 
Hampshire,  July  2,  1823 ;  was  educated  at 
Dartmouth  College,  graduating  in  1848. 
From  1854  to  1859  he  was  a  Professor  of 
Mathematics  in  Dartmouth  College,  after 
which  he  was  transferred  to  the  chair  of 
Professor  of  Astronomy  and  Meteorology, 
in  the  same  college,  which  he  still  holds. 
From  1858  to  1861  he  was  a  School  Com 
missioner  from  Grafton  County,  and  at 
the  same  time  was  Secretary  of  the  Board 
of  Education  for  the  State.  In  1862  he 
served  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Expenditures  in 
the  Treasury  Department,  and  for  the 
District  of  Columbia.  In  1864  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  In 
stitution,  and  was  reappointed  in  1865. 
He-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Foreign 
Affairs,  and  the  Special  Committee  on  the 
Death  of  President  Lincoln,  and  also  on 
those  on  a  Bureau  of  Education,  and  Free 
Schools  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  In 
June,  1866,  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  for  the  terra  commencing  in  1867 
and  ending  in  1873,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Foreign  Relations,  District  of 
Columbia,  and  Enrolled  Bills.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Patterson,  John.— He  was  a  mem 
ber,  for  four  years,  of  the  Assembly  of 
New  York;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1803  to  1805. 

Patterson,  John. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1823  to  1825. 

Patterson,  Thomas. — He  was  born 
in  Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1817  to  1825. 

Patterson,  Thomas   J.  —  He  was 

born  in  New  York;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1843  to  1845. 

Patterson,  Walter.— He  was  born  in 
Columbia  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Assembly  of  New  York,  in 


1818,  from  Columbia  County;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  1821  to 
1823. 

Patterson,  William. — He  was  bora 
in  Maryland,  and,  having  settled  in  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1838. 

Patterson,  William. — He  was  born 
in  Londonderry,  New  Hampshire,  June  4, 
1789 ;  removed  to  the  State  of  New  York 
in  1815,  and  subsequently  settled  in  War 
saw,  Genesee,  now  Wyoming  County.  He 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1837  to  1839,  but 
died  before  the  expiration  of  his  term,  at 
Warsaw,  New  York,  August  14,  1838. 

Patton,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1785 
and  1786,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Delaware,  from  1793  to  1794, 
and  for  a  second  term  from  1795  to  1797, 
but  his  seat  was  successfully  contested  by 
H.  Latimer. 

Patton,  John.  —  He  was  bora  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Indian  Affairs. 

Patton,  John  M. — He  was  bora  in. 
Virginia;  received  a  liberal  education,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  in  which  he 
was  successful;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1830  to 
1838.  He  died  in  October,  1858,  in  the 
sixty-second  year  of  his  age.  He  was  for 
some  years,  and  at  the  time  of  his  deatl}, 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals. 

Paulding,Jr.,  William.— ~Born  in. 

Tarrytown,  Westchester  County,  New 
York,  in  1769 ;  was  educated  for  the  law, 
and  engaged  in  a  lucrative  practice  in 
New  York  City.  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  New  York  Convention  for  revising 
the  State  Constitution  in  1821 ;  and 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1811  to  1813,  but  he 
was  absent  from  his  seat  during  the  ses 
sion  in  which  war  was  declared,  and 
served  as  General  of  Militia  during  its 
prosecution.  In  1823  he  was  chosen 
Mayor  of  New  York,  after  which  he  held 
no  public  office.  He  died  at  Tarrytown, 
February  11,  1854. 

Pawling,  Levi.—IIe  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

Payne,  Winter  IF.— He  was  born  in 
Fauquier  County,  Virginia,  January  2, 
1807;  received  a  good  English  education, 
and  emigrated  to  Alabama  in  1825;  was 
elected  to  the  Alabama  Legislature  in 
1831,  and,  with  the  exception  of  one  year, 


298 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EEGOEDS. 


served  in  that  capacity  until  1840;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Alabama,  from  1841  to  1847.  He  subse 
quently  returned  to  Warrenton,  Virginia, 
where  lie  settled,  devoting  himself  to 
agricultural  pursuits. 

Paynter,  Lemuel. — He  was  born  in 
Delaware,  and,  on  removing  to  Pennsyl 
vania,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1841. 

Peaooily,  Nathaniel.  —  He  was  a 

Delegate  from  New  Hampshire,  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  in  1779  and  1780. 
Died  in  1823,  aged  eighty-two  years. 

Pearce,  JDutee  J.  —  Born  in  Ports 
mouth,  Rhode  Island,  in  1789,  and  gradu- 
ted  at  Brown  University  in  1808 ;  died  at 
Newport,  Rhode  Island,  May  9,  1849.  He 
was  a  prominent  lawyer;  at  one  time  At 
torney-General  of  the  State,  and  United 
States  District  Attorney  for  that  district, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Rhode  Island,  from  1825  to  1833,  and 
again  from  1835  to  1837.  He  was  also  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1821.  He  was  a 
graduate  of  Brown  University,  and  served 
in  the  Legislature  of  Rhode  Island. 

Pearce,  James  A.— He  was  born  in 
Alexandria,  Virginia,  December  14,  1805, 
although  of  a  Maryland  family  by  his 
father's  side.  He  graduated  at  Princeton 
College,  with  the  first  honors,  in  1822 ; 
was  bred  to  the  law,  but  was  much  en 
gaged  in  the  pursuits  of  agriculture ;  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  Legisla 
ture  in  1831 ;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1835  to  1839,  and 
from  1841  to  1843;  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  1843  to  1862,  having  served  for 
a  number  of  years  as  Chairman  of  the 
Joint  Committee  cm  the  Library.  He  also 
held  the  post  of  Professor  of  Law  in  Wash 
ington  College,  Chestertown,  and  was  a 
Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 
Was  re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term 
commencing  March,  1863,  but  died  at 
Chestertown,Maryland,  December20, 1862. 

Pearce,  John  J.  —  He  was  born  iu 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 

1857. 

Pearson,  Joseph.— Born  in  Rowan 
County,  North  Carolina,  and  died  at  Salis 
bury,  October  27,  1834.  He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  served  two  years  in  the 
State  Legislature,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
from  1809  to  1815.  While  in  Congress  he 
fought  a  duel  with  the  Hon.  John  G.  Jack 
son,  the  result  of  a  political  quarrel. 

Peaslee,  Charles  H. — He  was  born 
In  Gilmauton,  New  Hampshire,  in  Febru 


ary,  1804 ;  graduated  at  Dartmouth  Col 
lege  in  1824 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1853.  He  was  also  a  State  Representative 
from  1833  to  1837;  Adjutant-General  of 
the  State  from  1839  to  1847 ;  and  Collector 
of  Customs  at  Boston,  from  1853  to  1857. 
Died  at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  while  on  a 
visit  there  in  October,  18G6. 

Peck,  George  7F.— He  was  born  in 
New  York  about  the  year  1818 ;  removed 
to  Michigan,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  that  State  in  1846  and  1847, 
serving  as  Speaker  during  the  latter  year; 
was  afterwards  chosen  Secretary  of  State ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Michigan,  from  1855  to  1857. 

Peck,  Jared  V.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Peck,  Lucius  B.— He  was  born  in 
Waterbury,  Vermont,  in  1799 ;  spent  two 
years  at  the  West  Point  Academy ;  studied 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1824;  served 
in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  iu  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1847  to  1851.  From  1853  to  1857  he 
was  United  States  Attorney  for  Vermont, 
and  subsequently  President  of  the  Ver 
mont  and  Canada  Railroad.  Died  in  Low 
ell,  Massachusetts,  December,  1866. 

Peck,  Luther  C.— He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  aud  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1837  to 
1841. 

Peckham,  Rufus  W.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855 ;  and  in  1859  he  was  elected  Judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court. 

Peek,  Hermanns.— He  was  born  in 
Albany.  New  York,  and  was  for  two  years 
a  member  of  the  New  York  Assembly, 
from  Schenectady  County,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1819  to  1821. 

Peery,  William.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate  from  Delaware,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1785  to  1786. 

Pegram,  John. — He  was  a  native  of 
Virginia,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1818  to  1819, 
to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  Peterson 
Goodwin. 

Pelton,  Guy  J?.—  Born  at  Great  Bar- 
rington,  Berkshire  County,  Massachu 
setts,  August  3,  1825.  His  taste,  from 
early  boyhood,  had  inclined  him  to  the 
study  of  law,  but  it  was  not  until  he  had 
attained  his  twentieth  year  that  he  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


299 


enabled  to  prosecute  his  plans  for  a  pro 
fessional  life,  having  previously  to  that 
time  remained  upon  the  homestead  farm 
with  his  father.  He  spent  two  years  in 
the  academy  of  his  native  town,  and  three 
years  in  the  Connecticut  Literary  Insti 
tute,  after  which  he  devoted  one  year  to 
teaching  at  Lee,  Massachusetts,  and  at 
Dover  Plains,  New  York,  employing  his 
leisure  in  reading  elementary  works  on 
law.  He  then  entered  a  law  office  at  Kin- 
derhook,  and  completed  his  studies,  being 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850.  In  1851  he 
opened  a  law  office  in  New  York  City,  and 
in  1851  was  elected  a  Kepresentative  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  after  which 
he  returned  to  New  York,  and  resumed 
his  professional  labors. 

Pendleton,  Edmund.  —  He  was  a 

native  of  Virginia,  and  held  various  pub 
lic  offices  in  that  State.  He  was  a  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals ;  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1774 
to  1775.  In  1787  was  chosen  President 
of  the  Convention  of  Virginia  which  met 
to  consider  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States.  In  1789  he  declined  the  appoint 
ment,  by  Washington,  as  District  Judge 
for  Virginia.  He  died  at  Richmond,  Oc 
tober  11,  1823,  aged  eighty-two. 

Pendleton  Edmund  IT.— He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1831  to  1833. 

'9f ' 

Pendleton,  George  H.  —  Born  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  July  25,  1825 ;  is  a  law 
yer  by  profession ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate  of  Ohio  in  1854  and  1855 ;  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to 
the  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Congresses,  serving  as  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs  dur 
ing  each  term.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Ways  and  Means,  and  as  Chairman 
of  a  Special  Committee  on  admitting  cab 
inet  officers  to  the  floor  of  the  House  of 
Representatives.  His  father,  Nathaniel 
Greene  Pendleton,  was  also  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress.  In  1864  he  was  nomi 
nated  for  the  office  of  Vice'President  of  the 
United  States,  on  the  ticket  with  George 
B.  McClellan  for  President.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National 
Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Pendleton,  J~ohn  S. — He  was  born 
in  Virginia;  in  1841  was  appointed  Charge 
d' Affaires  to  the  Republic  of  Chili ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1845  to  1847,  and  for  a  second 
term,  ending  in  1849.  In  1851  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Fillmore,  Minister 
Resident  to  the  Argentine  Confederation, 
and  was  authorized  to  negotiate  with  Par 
aguay,  etc. 

Pendleton ,  Nathaniel  Greene, — 


Born  in  Savannah,  Georgia,  in  August, 
1793;  removed  with  his  father,  to  New 
York  in  his  childhood ;  was  educated  at 
Columbia  College ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law;  was  an  Aid  to  General  E.  P. 
Gaiues  from  1813  to  1815;  removed  to 
Ohio  in  1818 ;  in  1825  was  elected  to  the 
Senate  of  Ohio,  and  re-elected ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1841  to  1843,  after  which  he  volun 
tarily  retired  from  public  life.  He  was  a 
man  of  high  character  and  uncommon 
ability,  and  died  in  Cincinnati,  June  16, 
1861.  His  father,  Nathaniel,  was  an 
officer  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  a  Judge, 
and  second  of  General  Alexander  Hamil 
ton  in  his  duel  with  Aaron  Burr. 

Penn,  Alexander  G.—  He  was  bora 
in  Virginia,  and,  having  settled  in  Louisi 
ana,  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853. 
Died  suddenly,  in  Washing:on,  May  8, 
1866,  while  on  a  visit  to  that  city.  He 
once  held  a  position  in  the  Custom-house 
of  New  Orleans. 

Penn,  John-  —  Born  in  Caroline 
County,  Virginia,  May  17,  1741 ;  his  early 
'education  was  defective,  but  he  soon 
overcame  all  obstacles,  and  acquired  a 
knowledge  of  law ;  in  1774  he  settled  in 
North  Carolina;  and  was  a  Delegate, 
from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1775  to  1780,  and  signed 
the  Declaration  of  Independence,  as  well 
as  the  Articles  of  Confederation.  When 
Cornwallis  invaded  North  Carolina,  he 
was  placed  in  charge  of  public  affairs,  and 
acquitted  himself  with  credit;  in  1784  he 
was  appointed  Receiver  of  Taxes ;  he  died 
October  26,  1809. 

Penniman,  Ebenezer  JTencJces. — 

He  was  born  in  Lansingburgh,  New  York ; 
when  thirteen  years  of  age  was  appren 
ticed  to  the  business  of  printing,  in  the 
office  of  the  "  New  Hampshire  Sentinel,"  at 
Keene ;  when  eighteen  years  of  age  he 
purchased  his  indentures,  and  entered 
upon  mercantile  pursuits  in  the  City  of 
New  York ;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1835, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-second  Con 
gress. 

Pennington,  Alexander  C.  M.— 

He  was  born  in  Newark,  New  Jersey,  in 
1811 ;  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1853  to  1857 ;  also  served  two  years 
in  the  State  Legislature;  and  subse 
quently  settled  in  the  City  of  New  York, 
where  he  died  January  25, 1867,  aged  fifty- 
six  years. 

Pennington,   William.  — He   was 

born  in  Newark,  New  Jersey,  in  1797 ;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education,  and  adopted 
the  profession  of  law ;  in  1837  he  was 


300 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


elected  Governor  of  Ne\v  Jersey,  and 
annually  re-elected  until  1843,  acting  at 
the  same  time  as  Chancellor  of  the  State, 
ex  ojjicio,  and  taking  a  prominent  part  in 
what  was  known  as  the  "  Broad  Seal  Con 
troversy."  By  President  Taylor  he  was 
appointed  Governor  of  Minnesota  Terri 
tory,  and  by  President  Fillraore,  a  Judge 
to  settle  land  claims  in  California,  —  both 
of  which  positions  he  declined  to  accept. 
In  1858,  contrary  to  his  wishes,  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  Jer 
sey,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress ;  and, 
after  the  lapse  of  two  months  from  taking 
his  seat,  he  was  elected  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives.  Died  at  New 
ark,  New  Jersey,  February  1C,  1862..  He 
had  been  indisposed,  and  having  taken  an 
overdose  of  morphine,  for  some  other 
medicine,  died  from  its  effects. 

Pennybacker,  Isaac  S.— Born  in 

1806,  in  Shenandoah  County,  Virginia; 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1837  to  1831) ; 
and  then  Judge  of  the  District  Court  of 
Western  Virginia;  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  for  the  term  from  1845  to  1851.  He 
died  in  Washington,  District  of  Columbia, 
January  12,  1847. 

Perea,  Francisco.  —  Was  born  in 
Zadillas,  County  of  Bernalillo,  New  Mex 
ico,  January  9,  1831,  and  in  18G3  he  was 
elected  a  Delegate,  from  New  Mexico,  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress. 

PerJiatn,  Sidney.  —  Was  born  in 
Woodstock,  Oxford  County,  Maine, 
March  27,  1819;  until  his  thirty-fourth 
year  he  followed  the  double  occupation 
of  farmer  and  teacher;  in  1852  he  was 
chosen  a  member  of  the  Maine  Board  of 
Agriculture,  which  position  he  held  for 
two  years ;  in  1855  he  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature,  and  officiated  as 
Speaker;  in  1856  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector;  in  1858  was  elected  County 
Clerk  for  Oxford  County,  and  re-elected  in 
1861 ;  and  in  1862  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Maine,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Agriculture,  and  Invalid  Pensions. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Invalid  Pensions.  Re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Perkins,  Bishop. — He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  and,  having  settled  in 
New  York,  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853 
to  1855. 

PerJcins,  Ellas.— He  was  born  in 
Norwich,  Connecticut,  April  5,1767 ;  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College,  in  1786;  studied 
law,  and,  after  practising  a  few  years,  re 
linquished  the  profession,  and  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Con 


necticut,  from  1791  to  1803.  He  was  sub 
sequently  chosen  Judge  of  the  Court  for 
the  County  of  New  London,  which  office 
he  held  until  he  became  ineligible  from 
his  advanced  years;  was  Mayor  of  the 
City  of  New  London  from  1829  to  1832, 
when  he  declined  a  re-election;  and  he 
died  in  New  London,  September  27, 
1845. 

PerJcins,  Jared.—lle  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1851  to  1853.  He  also  held  the  position  of 
State  Councillor  from  1846  to  1849 ;  State 
Representative  in  1850;  and  died  at 
Nashua,  October  14,  1854. 

Perkins,  Jr.,  John.  — He  was  born 
in  Louisiana,  July  1,  1819.  He  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1840,  and  subsequently 
at  the  Law  School  of  Harvard  College ;  he 
settled,  for  the  practice  of  his  profession, 
in  New  Orleans,  but  his  health  compelled 
him  to  travel  in  Europe ;  on  his  return,  in 
1851,  he  was  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit 
Court  of  Lousiana,  which  position  he  held 
until  elected  to  Congress,  in  1853,  where 
he  advocated  Democratic  measures,  and 
remained  until  1855,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  Took  part  in 
the  Rebellion. 

Perrill,  Augustus  L. — He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Perry,  John  J.  —  He  was  born  in 
Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  August  2, 
1811,  but  when  a  child  removed  with  his 
father,  Rev.  Daniel  Perry,  to  Oxford, 
Maine;  he  received  a  common-school 
education,  and  of  his  own  accord  spent 
three  years  at  the  "  Maine  Wesleyan 
Seminary,"  paying  for  his  tuition  by  labor 
ing  on  the  farm  belonging  to  the  institu 
tion,  and  also  by  teaching  school  in  the 
winter.  Having  spent  three  years  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  he  turned 
his  attention  to  the  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  at  Oxford  in  1844,  where  he  has 
practised  his  profession  ever  since.  He 
was  elected  t»  the  Maine  Legislature  in 
1839,  1842,  and  1843;  was  afterwards  for 
seven  years  Major-General  of  the  Maine 
Militia;  in  1840  and  1847,  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate ;  in  1854  he  was  elected 
Clerk  of  the  Maine  House  of  Representa 
tives  ;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1855  to  1857.  Of  late  years  he 
has  been  connected  with  the  press,  as 
editor  of  the  "  Oxford  Democrat,"  a  paper 
published  at  Paris,  Maine;  and  he  was 
also  elected  a  Representative  in  the  Thir 
ty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Territories.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of 
1861. 

Perry,  NeJiemiah.—Ke  was  born  at 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


301 


Ridgeficld,  Connecticut,  March  30,  181G ; 
received  a  good  education  at  the  West 
Lane  Seminary ;  has  been  chiefly  engaged 
in  the  cloth  and  clothing  business ;  was 
for  many  years  the  presiding  member  of 
the  Common  Council  of  Newark,  New 
Jersey;  served  a  number  of  years  in  the 
Legislature  of  that  State;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Expenditures  on  Public  Buildings.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 

Ferry,  Thomas.  —  He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847. 

Peter,  George.  —  Born  in  George 
town,  Montgomery  County,  Maryland 
(now  the  District  of  Columbia),  Septem 
ber  28,  1779.  He  was  educated  at  private 
institutions  and  at  the  Georgetown  Col 
lege;  entered  the  United  States  Army  in 
1790,  and  resigned  in  1809 ;  served  as  a 
Major  of  Volunteers  during  the  war  of 
1812;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  181G  to  1819,  and  again  from  1825  to 
1827 ;  was  elected  twice  to  the  State  Leg 
islature;  and  also  served  the  public  as 
Commissioner  of  Public  Works  for  the 
State  of  Maryland.  Died  in  Montgomery 
County,  Maryland,  June  22,  1861. 

Peters,  «7b7m  A.— -He  was  born  in 
Ellsworth,  Hancock  County,  Maine,  Octo 
ber  9,  1822 ;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1842;  studied  law  at  the  Harvard  Law 
School,  and  came  to  the  bar  at  Bangor  in 
1844 ;  in  1862  and  1803  he  was  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  Maine;  in  1864  he  was 
elected  to  the  House  of  Representatives ; 
at  the  close  of  1864  and  also  in  1865  and 
1866  he  was  elected  by  the  Legislature 
Attorney-General  of  the  State,  and  subse 
quently  elected  a  Representative  from 
Maine  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Public  Expendi 
tures  and  Patents. 

Peters,  Richard.  —  He  was  born 
near  Philadelphia,  August  22,  1744 ;  grad 
uated  at  Philadelphia  College ;  was  a  law 
yer  by  profession,  and  very  successful  in 
his  native  State  from  the  fluency  with 
which  ];ft  spoke  German.  He  was  remark 
able  for  his  wit,  and  when  he  accompanied 
the  delegation  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
Six  Nations,  the  Indians  were  so  delighted 
with  his  vivacity  that  he  was  formally 
adopted  by  them  into  their  tribes.  At  the 
commencement  of  the  Revolution  he  be 
came  a  Captain  cf  Volunteers,  but  was 
soon  transferred  to  the  Board  of  War, 
•with  which  he  was  connected  until  1781, 
when  he  resigned  his  post,  and  received 
from  Congress  a  vote  of  thanks  for  his 
services.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 


tinental  Congress  from  1782  to  1783. 
After  the  organization  of  the  Federal  Gov 
ernment,  Washington  offered  him  the  po 
sition  of  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  of 
the  United  States,  which  he  declined,  but 
accepted  that  of  Judge  of  the  District 
Court  of  Pennsylvania,  which  situation  he 
occupied  until  his  death.  Besides  his  du 
ties  on  the  bench,  he  was  chiefly  engaged, 
in  the  pursuits  of  agriculture  and  public 
works;  was  first  President  of  the  Com 
pany  who  built  the  permanent  bridge  over 
the  Schuylkill  at  Philadelphia.  In  1797 
he  published  his  experiments  in  agricul 
ture  and  improvements  in  American  hus 
bandry  ;  was  President  of  the  Philadelphia 
Agricultural  Society,  and  enriched  its  me 
moirs  with  many  valuable  communica 
tions.  He  died  in  1824. 

Petrie,  George. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849. 

PetriJcen,  David. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1841.  Died  January  3,  1849. 

Pettigrew,  Ebenezer.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1835  to  1837,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Expenses  in 
the  Navy  Department. 

Pettls,  Spencer.  —  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  educated  a  lawyer,  and,  on 
taking  up  his  residence  in  Missouri,  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
where  he  served  from  1829  to  1831.  Died 
August  26,  1831,  aged  twenty-nine  years, 
having  fallen  in  a  duel  with  Major  Thomas 
Biddle  at  St.  Louis. 

Pettit,  Charles.— Tie  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  Phila 
delphia,  from  1785  to  1787. 

Pettit,  John. — Born  at  Sackett's  Har 
bor,  Jeiferson  County,  New  York,  July  24, 
1807;  he  received  a  good  education,  and 
studied  law,  and  removed  to  Lafayette, 
Indiana,  in  1831,  where  he  has  since  re 
sided.  He  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature,  United  States  District  Attor 
ney,  and  served  in  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives  in  Congress  from  1843  to  1847, 
and  in  the  United  States  Senate  from  1853 
to  1855.  In  1850  he  was  a  member  of  the 
"  State  Constitutional  Convention,"  and, 
has  twice  held  the  office  of  Circuit  Judge ; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1852 ;  and  in 
185.9  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Bu 
chanan,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Federal  Courts 
of  Kansas.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention"  of  1864. 

Pettit,  JoJin  U.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York;  graduated  at  Union  Collega 


302 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


in  1839 ;  studied  law,  and  commenced  the 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Wabash, 
Indiana,  in  1841.  He  went  as  United 
States  Consul  to  Maranham,  Brazil,  in 
1850;  and  on  his  return,  in  1853,  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Upper  Wabash  Cir 
cuit  Court  of  Indiana;  and  was  elected  to 
Congress,  as  a  Representative  of  that 
State,  in  1854 ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Joint  Committee  on  the  Library. 
He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Library 
Committee. 

Peyton,  Bailie.  —  He  was  born  in 
Sumner  County,  Tennessee;  received  a 
liberal  education,  and  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law ;  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1837;  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Fillmore,  in  1849,  Minister  to  Chili ;  was 
subsequently  elected  United  States  Dis 
trict  Attorney  for  Louisiana;  was  for  a 
time  settled  at  San  Francisco,  California, 
in  the  practice  of  his  profession,  but  re 
turned  to  his  native  State.  In  1861  he 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  for  the  State 
of  Tennessee,  and  subsequently  served  in 
the  Rebellion. 

Peyton,  Joseph  JBT.—  Born  in  Sum 
ner  County,  Tennessee,  in  1813 ;  was  fre 
quently  elected  to  the  Senate  of  Tennes 
see;  held  many  other  local  positions  of 
high  character ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1843  to  1845.  He  re 
ceived  a  medical  education,  but  abandoned 
that  profession  for  politics.  Died  in  Sum 
ner,  Tennessee,  November  12,  1845,  hav 
ing  been  re-elected  to  Congress. 

Peyton,  Samuel  O.— Born  in  Bullitt 
County,  Kentucky,  in  1804;  received  a 
good  common-school  education;  settled 
in  Hartford  and  devoted  two  years  to  the 
duties  of  a  clerk;  studied  medicine,  and 
graduated  at  Transylvania  University  in 
1827;  in  1835  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1847  to  1849 ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  serving  during 
his  last  term  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Public  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

F7ielps,  Charles  E.— He  was  born 
in  Guilford,  Vermont,  May  1,  1833;  re 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Pennsylvania 
in  1838,  and  to  Maryland  in  1841 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1852,  and  at 
the  Law  School  of  Harvard  University  in 
1853 ;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  Mary 
land  bar  in  1855 ;  and  admitted  to  practice 
in  the  United  States  Supreme  Court  in 
1859.  During  that  year  he  assisted  in  or 
ganizing  the  "  Maryland  Guard  "  for  mu 
nicipal  purposes,  was  chosen  Captain, 
afterwards  Major,  which  latter  commis 


sion  he  resigned  April  19,  1861,  rather 
than  obey  an  order  that  he  deemed  trea 
sonable.  In  1860  he  was  a  member  of  the 
City  Council  of  Baltimore.  In  1802  he 
was  made  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the 
Seventh  Maryland  Volunteers,  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  Colonel  in  1863,  and  honor 
ably  discharged  on  account  of  wounds  in 
1864,  and  was  soon  afterwards  elected  a 
Representative  from  Maryland  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Militia,  and  on  Naval 
Affairs.  He  was  subsequently  commis 
sioned  a  Brevet  Brigadier-General  for 
gallant  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Spottsyl- 
vania.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Appropriations,  and  Expenses  in  the  War 
Department. 

Phelps,  Elisha.  —  He  was  a  native 
of  Simsbury,  Connecticut;  born  in  No 
vember,  1779;  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1800,  and  studied  law  at  Litchfleld.  He 
was  several  times  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  and  of  the  Senate  of 
his  native  State.  He  was  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  the  Legisla 
ture  in  1821  and  1829;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from 
1819  to  1821,  and  also  from  1825  to  1829; 
was  Comptroller  of  the  State  from  1830  to 
1834,  and  in  1835  was  appointed  one  of  the 
Commissioners  to  revise  the  statutes  of 
Connecticut.  He  died  at  Simsbury,  in 
April,  1847. 

Phelps,  John  Smith. — He  was  born 
in  Simsbury,  Hartford  County,  Connecti 
cut,  December  22,  1814;  was  educated  at 
Washington  (now  Trinity)  College,  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut,  and  studied  law  in  the 
office  of  his  father,  Elisha  Phelps.  He 
practised  law  a  short  time  in  his  native 
State,  and  in  1837  emigrated  to  Missouri, 
and  settled  at  Springfield,  Greene  County, 
near  which  town  he  now  resides.  In  1840 
he  was  chosen  by  the  people  of  Greene 
County  to  represent  them  in  the  Legisla 
ture  ;  and  having  been  appointed  Brigade- 
Inspector  of  Militia  in  1841,  he  has  since 
borne  the  title  of  Major.  In  1844  he  was 
elected  Representative  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  in  that  position 
until  the  close  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Select 
Committee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebel 
lious  States.  He  was  also  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress.  He  served  as 
Colonel  of  Volunteers  in  1861,  and  in  18G2 
was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  Mili 
tary  Governor  of  Arkansas.  He  was,  dur 
ing  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means, 
and  generally  served  on  important  com 
mittees.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866,  and  in  1867  was  appointed 
a  Commissioner  to  settle  the  War  Claims 
of  Indiana. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


303 


Phelps,  Launcelot. — He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1839. 

Phelps,  Oliver. — He  was  a  Repi'e- 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1S03  to  1805,  and  a  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  that  State,  from  Ontario 
County,  in  1834. 

Phelps,  Samuel  S.—Tfe  was  born  in 
Litchfield,  Connecticut,  May  13,  1793,  and 
died  March  25,  1855,  in  Middlebury,  Ver 
mont.  He  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1811,  and  while  studying  law,  in  1812,  lie 
entered  the  American  army,  and  before  the 
close  of  his  military  career  was  appointed 
Paymaster.  He  settled  in  Middlebury,  and 
practised  law.  In  1827  he  was  member 
of  the  Council  of  Censors,  and  wrote  the 
address  issued  by  that  body.  In  1831  he 
was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Legislative 
Council  of  Vermont,  and  was  soon  after 
wards  appointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  State,  in  which  position  he 
remained  until  1838.  He  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1839  to  1851,  in  which 
body  he  displayed  abilities  of  a  high  or 
der.  In  January,  1853,  he  was  appointed 
to  the  Senate  in  the  place  of  William  Up- 
liam,  deceased,  and  served  until  October, 
1854. 

Phelps,  Titn&thy  G.—  He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and,  removing  to  Cali 
fornia,  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 

Phelps,  William  IF.— He  was  born 
in  Oakland  County,  Michigan,  June  1, 1826 ; 
he  graduated  at  the  University  of  Michi 
gan  in  1846;  studied  law,  and  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1848 ;  and  edited  a  Dem 
ocratic  newspaper,  in  Oakland  County, 
from  1851  to  1855.  In  1852  and  1853  he 
held  the  office  of  Commissioner  for  his 
native  county,  performing  the  duties  of 
Judge  at  Chambers ;  in  1854  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Pierce,  Register  of 
the  United  States  Land  Office  at  Red 
Wing,  in  Minnesota;  and  in  1857  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  from  that  State,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Mileage.  In 
18GO  he  assumed  the  editorship  of  the 
"  Red  Wing  Sentinel." 

Phillips,  Henry  M.—H.Q  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Finance. 

Phillips,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1821  to  1823. 


Phillips,  Philip. —  He  was  born  in 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  December  13, 
1807,  and  was  educated  at  the  Norwich 
Military  Academy,  in  Vermont,  and  at 
Middletown,  Connecticut.  In  1825  he 
commenced  the  study  of  law  in  Charleston, 
and  on  the  clay  after  attaining  his  major 
ity  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  He  entered 
public  life  by  becoming  a  member  of  the 
"Nullification  Convention"  in  1832,  and 
voted  with  the  minority ;  in  1834  he  was 
elected,  for  two  years,  to  the  State  Legis 
lature  ;  in  1835  he  resigned ;  removed  to 
Mobile,  Alabama,  and  practised  his  pro 
fession  with  success ;  in  1837  was  elected 
President  of  the  Alabama  "Democratic 
State  Convention ; "  in  1844  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature,  and  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Federal  Relations ;  in  1849 
was  President  of  an  "  Internal  Improve 
ment  Convention;"  in  1851  was  again 
elected  to  the  Legislature;  in  1852  went 
to  the  "  Baltimore  Convention ;  "  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ala 
bama,  from  1853  to  1855,  and  declined  a 
re-election.  Since  that  time  he  has 
practised  his  profession  in  Washington 
City. 

Phillips,  Stephen  Clarendon. — 

He  was  born  in  Salem,  Massachusetts, 
November  1,  1801 ;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1819,  with  high  honors;  began 
to  study  law,  but  soon  became  a  merchant. 
From  1824  to  1829,  by  annual  re-elections, 
he  was  chosen  a  Representative  to  the 
State  Legislature  from  Salem ;  from  1830 
to  1831  he  was  State  Senator,  and  in  1832 
and  1833  was  again  a  member  of  the  House. 
From  1834  to  1838  he  worthily  represented 
Massachusetts  in  Congress.  From  De 
cember,  1838,  to  March,  1842,  he  was  Mayor 
of  Salem,  and  upon  his  voluntary  retire 
ment  devoted  the  whole  of  his  salary  as 
Mayor  to  the  public  schools  of  the  city. 
In  1840  he  was  one  of  the  Presidential 
Electors  for  Massachusetts,  and  in  1848 
and  1849  was  the  Free-soil  candidate  for 
Governor.  He  held  various  State  and 
private  trusts,  in  the  discharge  of  which, 
by  his  ability,  sagacity,  experience,  and 
integrity,  he  rendered  signal  service.  He 
was  for  many  years  member  of  the  State 
Board  of  Education,  and  a  Trustee  of  the 
State  Lunatic  Hospital  at  Worcester.  He 
retired  from  public  life  in  1849,  and  was 
extensively  engaged  in  the  lumbering 
business.  He  was  lost  by  the  burning  of 
the  steamer  Montreal,  on  the  St.  Lawrence 
River,  June  26, 1857,  while  returning  from 
Quebec,  whither  he  had  been  on  business 
to  Three  Rivers,  the  head-quarters  of  his 
operations  in  Canada. 

Philson,  Robert. — He  was  born  in 
Donegal,  Ireland,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1819  to  1821. 

Phoenix,  J,  PJiillips.—lle  was  born 


304 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


in  Morristown,  New  Jersey ;  was  for  many 
years  a  leading  merchant  in  New  York 
City  ;  served  several  years  iu  the  Councils 
of  the  city;  was  a  Representative  iu  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1843  to  1845 ; 
a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  in  1848, 
from  New  York  City;  and  again  in  Con 
gress,  from  1849  to  1851,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce.  In 
1841  he  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector. 
Died  suddenly  in  New  York,  May  4,  1859, 
at  an  advanced  age. 

PicJcens,  Andrew.— Re  was  born  at 
Paxtou,  Pennsylvania,  September  10, 1739, 
and  removed  with  his  father,  iu  1752,  to 
the  Waxsaw  Settlement,  in  South  Caro 
lina;  he  served  as  a  volunteer  in  Grant's 
expedition  against  theCherokecs,  and  was 
an  active  military  partisan  during  the  Rev 
olution.  He  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  from  the  close  of  the  war 
until  1793,  when  lie  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1793  to  1795. 
In  1795  he  was  commissioned  Major-Gen- 
eral  of  the  South  Carolina  Militia,  and  was 
frequently  a  Commissioner  to  treat  with 
the  Indians.  It  was  his  son,  and  not 
himself,  who  was  Governor  of  the  State, 
from  1816  to  1817.  He  died  iu  Pendletou 
District,  South  Carolina,  August  17, 
1817. 

PicJcens,  Francis  W.— He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1835  to  1845.  In  1858  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Buchanan,  Minister  to  Rus 
sia;  and,  in  December,  1860,  was  elected 
Governor  of  South  Carolina;  and  on  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion,  he  took  an 
active  part  therein  in  various  capacities. 

PicJcens,  Israel. — Born  in  Cabarus 
County,  North  Carolina;  served  one  year 
in  the  State  Legislature;  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  in  Congress, 
from  1811  to  1817,  in  which  year  he  was 
appointed  Register  of  the  Land  Office  of 
Mississippi  Territory;  on  removing  to 
Alabama,  he  was  elected  Governor  of  that 
State,  in  1821,  and  in  1826  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Alabama. 

Pickering,  Timothy.— Was  born  in 
Salem,  Massachusetts,  July  17, 1745 ;  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  College  iu  1763,  and,  after 
the  usual  course  of  professional  studies, 
was  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law.  When 
the  dissensions  between  the  mother  coun 
try  and  our  own  commenced,  he  soon  be 
came  the  champion  and  leader  of  the  Whigs 
of  the  quarter  where  he  lived.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Committees  of  Inspection 
and  Correspondence,  and  bore  the  entire 
burden  of  writing.  The  address  which,  in 
1774,  the  inhabitants  of  Salem,  in  full 
town  meeting,  voted  to  Governor  Gage, 
on  the  occasion  of  the  Boston  Port  Bill. 


proceeded  from  his  pen.  A  part  of  it,  dis 
claiming  any  wish  on  the  part  of  the  in 
habitants  of  Salem  to  profit  by  the  closing 
of  the  port  of  Boston,  is  quoted  by  Dr. 
Ramsay,  iu  his  history  of  the  American 
Revolution.  In  April,  1775,  on  receiving 
intelligence  of  the  battle  of  L«xington,  he 
marched  with  the  regiment  of  which  he 
was  at  the  time  commander,  to  Charles- 
town,  but  had  not  an  opportunity  of  com 
ing  to  action.  Before  the  close  of  the  same 
year,  when  the  provisional  government 
was  organizing,  he  was  appointed  one  of 
the  Judges  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
for  Essex,  his  native  county;  and  sole 
Judge  of  the  Maritime  Court  for  the  Mid 
dle  District,  comprehending  Boston,  Sa 
lem,  and  the  other  ports  in  Essex.  These 
offices  he  held  until  he  accepted  an  appoint 
ment  in  the  army.  In  1777  he  was  named 
Adjutant-General,  by  Washington,  and 
joined  the  army,  then  at  Micldlebrook, 
New  Jersey.  He  continued  with  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  until  the  American  forces 
went  into  winter-quarters  at  Valley  Forge, 
having  been  present  at  the  battles  of  Bran- 
dywiue  and  Germantown.  He  then  pro 
ceeded  to  discharge  the  duties  of  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Continental  Board  of  War,  to 
which  he  had  been  elected  by  Congress. 
In  this  station  he  remained  until  he  was 
appointed  to  succeed  General  Greene  in  the 
office  of  Quartermaster-General,  which  he 
retained  during  the  residue  of  the  war, 
and  in  which  he  contributed  much  to  the 
surrender  of  Cornwallis  at  Yorktown. 
From  1790  to  1794  he  was  charged,  by 
President  Washington,  with  several  nego 
tiations  with  the  Indian  nations  on  our 
frontiers.  In  1791  he  was  also  made  Post 
master-General ;  and  in  1794  removed 
from  that  station  to  the  Secretaryship  of 
War,  on  the  resignation  of  General  Knox. 
In  1795  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of 
State  in  the  place  of  Edmund  Randolph. 
Prom  that  office  he  was  removed,  by  Pres 
ident  Adams,  in  1800.  At  the  end  of  the 
year  1801  he  returned  to  Massachusetts. 
In  1803  the  Legislature  of  that  State  chose 
him  a  Senator  to  Congress,  for  the  resi 
due  of  the  term  of  Dvvifght  Foster,  who 
had  resigned ;  and  in  1805  re-elected  him 
to  the  same  station  for  the  term  of  six 
years.  After  its  expiration,  in  1811,  he 
was  chosen,  by  the  Legislature,  a  member 
of  the  Executive  Council,  and  during  the 
war  of  1812  he  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  War  for  t.V.o  defence  of 
the  State.  In  181-i  he  was  returned  to 
Congress,  and  held  his  seat  until  March, 
1817.  He  then  finally  retired  to  private 
life.  His  death  took  place  January  29, 
1829.  In  public  life  he  was  distinguished 
for  energy,  ability,  and  disinterestedness; 
as  a  soldier  he  was  brave  and  patriotic; 
and  his  writings  bear  ample  testimony  to 
his  talents  and  information.  He  was  one 
of  the  leaders  of  the  Federal  party  of  the 
United  States.  In  1867  his  life  was  pub 
lished  bv  his  son  Octavius. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


305 


Pickman,    Benjamin.  —  He    was 

born  in  17G3;  graduated  at  Cambridge  in 
1784;  visited  Europe,  and  on  his  return 
studied  law,  and,  though  admitted  to  the 
bar,  abandoned  that  profession,  devoting 
himself  to  mercantile  pursuits.  In  1800 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature, 
and  re-elected  a  number  of  years  to  the 
State  Senate ;  in  1807  he  became  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Executive  Council ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1809  to 
1811,  and  in  18:20  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  for  revising  the  State  Con 
stitution.  He  also  held  many  other  of- 
flces  of  trust  and  honor,  and  died  at 
Salem,  Massachusetts,  in  August,  1843. 

Pierce,  FranJclin. — Was  born  in  the 
town  of  llillsborough,  New  Hampshire, 
in  ISOi,  and,  after  completing  his  academ 
ical    studies,   entered  Bowdoin  College, 
Maine.    On  leaving  college  he  commenced 
his  legal  studies  at  Northampton,  Massa 
chusetts,  but  subsequently  returned  to  his 
native   State,   and  finished  his  studies  at 
Amherst.    He  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  in  his  native  town;  but  before  the 
end  of  two  years  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  State  Legislature,  and 
during    his    second    year's    service    was 
chosen   Speaker  of  the   House.    In  1833 
he  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  remained 
a  member  of  the  House  of  Representa 
tives  four  years.    In  1837  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  United  States   Senate, 
but,  after  five  years'  service  in  that  body, 
resigned  his  seat.    He  settled  in  Concord, 
and  resumed  his  practice  at  the  bar.    He 
adhered  to  his  resolution  of  accepting  no 
political  office,  declining  to  be  a  candidate 
for  Governor   of  the    State,  or   United 
States  Senator,  and  refusing  the  offices  of 
Attorney-General  and  Secretary  of  War, 
which  were  tendered  him  by  President 
Polk.     On  the  breaking  out  of  the  Mexi 
can  war,  however,  he  enrolled  himself  as 
n  private  soldier  in  the  New    England 
Regiment,  but  President  Polk  sent  him  a 
Colonel's  commission,  and  subsequently 
raised  him  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-Gen 
eral,  in  March,  1847.    He  was  in  most  of 
the  battles  which   were  fought  between 
Vera  Cruz  and  the  City  of  Mexico.     On 
the  restoration  of  peace  between  the  two 
countries,   he  resigned    his    commission 
and  returned  home,  where  he  remained, 
comparatively  unobserved,  until  the  ac 
tion  of  the  Baltimore  "Democratic  Conven 
tion  "gave  him  a  new  importance  through 
out  the  Union.    He  was  nominated  by 
that  body  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  Presidency.     He  was  elected  Presi 
dent  of  the  United  States  in  November, 
1852;  was  inaugurated  March  4,  1853,  and 
served  to  the  end  of  his  term,  after  which 
he  retired   to  private  life.     The  best  bi 
ography    of    him    was    written    by    his 
personal  friend,  Nathaniel  Hawthorne. 
20 


Pierce,  Joseph. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  during  the  years  1801  and  1802. 

Pierce,  William.— He  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  an  Aide-de-camp  to 
General  Greene,  and  for  his  services  a 
sword  was  presented  to  him  by  the  old 
Congress;  he  was  a  Delegate,  from 
Georgia,  to  the  Continental  Congress,  and 
a  member  of  the  Convention  which  formed 
the  Federal  Constitution.  While  in  Con 
gress,  he  wrote  his  impressions  of  the 
men  who  served  in  that  body,  which  were 
long  afterwards  published  in  a  Savannah 
paper,  copies  of  which  are  to  be  found  in 
the  library  of  Peter  Force,  of  Washing 
ton. 

Pier  son,  Isaac.— He  was  born  Au 
gust  15,  1770,  and  died  September  22, 
1833,  in  New  Jersey.  He  was  educated  at 
Princeton  College,  graduating  in  1789,  and 
was  subsequently  a  fellow  of  the  College 
of  Surgeons  and  Physicians  of  New  York. 
He  practised  medicine  for  forty  years; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Jersey,  from  1827  to  1831. 

Pierson,  Jeremiah  U".— He  was 
born  in  Essex  County,  New  Jersey,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1821  to  1823. 

Pierson,  Job.—  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1831  to  1835.  Died  April  9,  1860,  aged 
sixty-nine  years. 

Pike,  Frederick  A.— Born  in  Calais, 
Maine,  where  he  always  resided ;  was  for 
several  years  a  member  of  the  Maine 
Legislature,  serving  one  term  as  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Representatives.  He 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  was 
for  several  years  Attorney  for  the  county 
in  which  he  lived.  He  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Maine,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congrejs,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Naval  Affairs.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  State  Department,  and  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Naval  Af 
fairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  his  old  committees,  and 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Ex 
penses  in  the  State  Department.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  National  Committee 
appointed  to  accompany  the  remains  of 
President  Lincoln  to  Illinois,  and  Chair 
man  of  the  Special  Committee  on  the 
Murders  in  South  Carolina.  Re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Reconstruction,  as  well  as 
on  his  old  committees. 

PiJce,  James. — He  was  born  in  Salis 
bury,  Massachusetts,  in  November,  1818; 


306 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


was  educated  at  the  "Weslcyan  University, 
in  Connecticut;  was  a  minister  in  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church  from  1841  to 
1854 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  Hampshire,  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  En 
rolled  Bills. 

Pile,  William,  A.  —  He  was  born 
near  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  February  11, 
1829;  received  a  good  English  and  class 
ical  education;  was  a  clergyman  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Missouri  Conference  at  the 
commencement  of  the  Rebellion.  In  1861 
he  joined  this  Missouri  Volunteers  as 
Chaplain.  In  1862  he  had  command  of  a 
battery  of  Artillery  as  Captain;  was  soon 
afterwards  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Colonel  of  Infantry,  and  in  1863  he  was 
appointed  a  Brigadier-General  of  United 
States  Volunteers.  He  was  in  the  Mis 
souri  campaign  under  General  Lyon; 
with  Generals  Grant  and  Halleck  at  Cor 
inth;  also  at  Vicksburg  and  near  Mobile, 
and  his  command  was  the  first  to  break 
the  enemy's  line  at  the  capture  of  Fort 
Blakely.  In  1866  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Missouri  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Union  Prisoners  and  Military  Affairs,  and 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Expen 
ditures  in  the  Post  Office  Department. 

Pllsbury,  Timothy. — He  was  born 
in  Newbury,  Massachusetts,  April  12, 
1780;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  spent  two  years  as  a  clerk  in  a 
store,  and  several  subsequent  years  as  a 
sailor  and  coasting  trader,  making  one 
trip  to  Europe  as  Captain  of  a  brig; 
settled  in  Maine,  was  appointed  a 
member  of  the  Executive  Council ;  also 
served  in  the  State  Legislature ;  went 
from  Maine  to  Ohio,  thence  to  Louisi 
ana,  and  finally  to  Texas ;  he  served  a 
number  of  years  in  the  Senate  and  House 
of  Representatives  of  Texas ;  and,  when 
that  Republic  came  into  the  Union,  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1846  to  1849.  He  died  near  Dan 
ville,  Texas,  November  23,  1858. 

PincJcney,  Charles.  —  Born  in 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in  1758 ;  was 
a  patriot  in  the  Revolutionary  struggle ; 
was  taken  prisoner,  and  sent  to  St. 
Augustine,  Florida;  served  in  the  Provin 
cial  Legislature ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Congress  in  1785 ;  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  from  Princeton  College 
in  1787 ;  and  in  1787  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Convention  which  framed  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  States,  and  signed  that 
instrument.  He  was  President  of  the 
State  Convention  which  ratified  the  Fed 
eral  Constitution ;  and  Governor  of  South 
Carolina  from  1789  to  1792,  and  from 
1796  to  1798.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Con 


gress  from  1798  to  1801,  and  was  ap 
pointed,  in  1802,  Minister  to  Spain,  by 
President  Jefferson,  holding  that  position 
till  1805.  He  was  subsequently  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1819  to  1821 ; 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1810 
and  1812;  and  died  October  29,  1824. 

Plnclcney,  If.  L. — He  was  born  in 
South  Caroliqa,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833 
to  1837.  He  was  the  founder  of  the 
"  Charleston  Mercury,"  and  died  in  Charles 
ton,  February  3,  18G3. 

Pinckney,    Thomas.  —  He   was   a 

soldier  of  the  American  Revolution ;  was 
elected  Governor  of  South  Carolina  in 
1787;  was  appointed  Minister  to  Great 
Britain  by  Washington ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1799  to 
1801.  He  died  in  1828. 

Plndall,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1817  to 
1820,  when  he  resigned. 

Pinhney,  William. — Born  in  Annap 
olis,  Maryland,  March  17,  1764.  Having 
prepared  himself  for  the  bar,  under  the 
instruction  of  Judge  Chase,  he  was  admit 
ted  to  practice  in  1786,  and  immediately 
gave  promise  of  high  distinction.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Convention  which  ratified 
the  Federal  Constitution,  and  from  1789  to 
1792  was  a  Representative  in  Congress; 
and  then  a  member  of  the  Executive  Coun 
cil,  and  made  its  President.  In  1795  he 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature. 
In  1796  he  was  a  Commissioner  under 
Jay's  Treaty,  in  conjunction  with  Mr. 
Gore,  and  remained  in  London  eight  years. 
He  recovered  for  Maryland  a  claim  on  the 
Bank  of  England  for  $800,000.  In  1806 
he  was  Envoy  Extraordinary  to  England, 
and  in  1808,  on  the  return  of  Mr.  Monroe, 
was  made  Minister  Plenipotentiary.  He 
returned  to  the  United  States,  and  settled 
in  Baltimore  in  1811,  and  was  soon  after  a 
member  of  the  State  Senate.  In  Decem 
ber,  1811,  he  was  appointed  Attorney- 
General,  and  remained  in  that  position 
until  1814.  He  commanded  a  battalion  of 
riflemen, and  was  wounded  atBladensburg, 
in  August,  1814.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1815  to  1816,  and 
then  made  Minister  to  Russia  and  Envoy 
to  Naples.  On  his  return,  in  1819,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  continued  in  that  station  until 
his  death,  February  25,  1822.  He  pos 
sessed  splendid  talents,  and  was  one  of  the 
most  accomplished  orators  and  statesmen 
of  his  time. 

Piper,  William.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1811  to  1819. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


307 


Pitcher,  Nathaniel.— lie  was  born 
at  Litchtleld,  Connecticut ;  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Legislature  iu  1806, 
1815,  1816,  and  1817;  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  State  Constitutional  Convention "  of 
1821 ;  in  1828  he  was  Lieutenant-Governor 
and  Acting-Governor  of  the  State;  subse 
quently  Commissioner  to  survey  the  State 
roads ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1819  to  1823,  and 
again  from  1831  tc  1833. 

Pitkin,  Timothy.— Born  in  Farm- 
ington,  Connecticut,  in  17G5,aud  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1785.  He  was  for  sev 
eral  years  a  member  of  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  and  Speaker  of  the  House  during 
five  sessions;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1805  to  1819.  In  1816  he 
published  a  "  Statistical  View  of  the  Com 
merce  of  the  United  States,"  and  in  1828 
his  "Political  and  Civil  History  of  the 
United  States  from  1763  to  the  close  of 
Washington's  Administration."  He  died 
in  New  Haven,  December  18,  1847. 

Pitman,  Charles  W.—  He  was  born 
in  New  Jersey ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1849  to  1851. 

Plant,  David. —Was  a  native  of  Strat 
ford,  Connecticut,  and  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1804.  In  1819  and  1820  he  was 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives ; 
in  1821  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  and 
was  twice  re-elected.  From  1823  to  1827 
he  was  Licutenant-Governor  of  the  State, 
and  from  1827  to  1829  a  Representative  in 
Congress.  He  died  October  18,  1851. 

Plants,  Tobias  A.— He  was  born  in 
Beaver  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  17, 
1811;  was  self-educated;  taught  school 
for  several  years ;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1841 ;  practised  the  profession 
in  Ohio;  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  Legis 
lature  from  1858  to  1861 ;  and  in  1864  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio, 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Public  Expenditures, 
on  Mileage,  and  War  Debts  of  the  Loyal 
States.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "Loyalists'  Convention "  of  1866 ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  old  committees. 

Plater,  George.— He  was  a  Delegate 
from  Maryland,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1778  to  1781 ;  and  was  Gover 
nor  of  Maryland  for  a  part  of  the  year 
1792. 

Plater,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1801  to  1805. 

Platt,  Jonas. — Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  New  York;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1799 


to  1801 ;  and  died  in  Peru,  Clinton  County, 
New  York,  in  1834. 

Platt,  Zephaniah. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1784  to  1786. 

Pleasants,  James.— Born  in  Vir 
ginia,  in  1769,  and  died  in  Goochland 
County,  November  9, 1836.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1811  to  1819 ; 
United  States  Senator  from  1819  to  1822; 
Governor  of  Virginia  from  1822  to  1825; 
and  a  member  of  the  Convention  of  1829- 
'30  for  amending  the  State  Constitution. 
He  was  twice  appointed  to  the  bench,  but 
declined,  from  a  distrust  of  his  own  quali 
fications.  He  was  a  man  of  rare  modesty, 
greatly  respected  and  esteemed  for  public 
and  private  virtues. 

Plumer,  Arnold. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1837  to  1839,  and  again 
from  1841  to  1843.  He  was  subsequently 
appointed  United  States  Marshal  for  the 
Western  District  of  Pennsylvania. 

Plumer,  George.— He  was  born  in 
Alleghany  County,  Pennsylvania ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1821  to  1827. 

Plumer,  William.— lie  was  born  at 
Newburyport,  Massachusetts,  June  25, 
1759;  received  a  good  education ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1787; 
was  for  many  years  Solicitor  for  the  Coun 
ty  of  Rockingham;  he  was  for  eight  years 
a  member  of  the  State  Legislature,  and 
two  years  Speaker  of  the  House ;  served 
as  a  member  and  President  of  the  State 
Senate.  He  was  also  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire  in  1813,  and  from  1816  to  1819; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1802  to  1807.  He  died  at  Ep- 
ping,  New  Hampshire,  December  22,  1850. 

Plumer,  Willlatn. — Born  in  Epping, 
New  Hampshire,  in  1790,  and  died  Sep 
tember  18,  1854.  He  graduated  at  Cam 
bridge  in  1809 ;  studied  law,  but  never 
practised  his  profession.  He  frequently 
served  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1819  to  1825 ;  his  father, 
whose  name  he  bore,  having  been  a  United 
States  Senator  in  1802,  from  the  same 
State.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  to  form  a  new  State  Constitution, 
in  1850;  and  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1821. 

Plummer,  Franklin  E.—  He  was  at 

one  time  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of 
Mississippi;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1831  to  1833, 
and  again  from  1833  to  1835.  He  died  at 
Jackson,  Mississippi,  September  24,  1852. 

Poindexter,  George.— He  was  the 


308 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


second  Governor  of  Mississippi,  under  the 
State  Constitution,  from  1819  to  1821; 
was  a  Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Ter 
ritory,  from  1807  to  1813,  when  he  Avas 
appointed  Federal  Judge  of  the  Territory ; 
lie  was  n  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1817  to  1819,  and  United  States  Senator, 
from  Mississippi,  from  1S3D  to  1835,  serv 
ing  for  a  time  as  President  pro  tnn.  of  the 
Senate.  He  died  in  Jackson,  Mississippi, 
Septembers,  1853. 

Polnsett,  Joel  JR. — He  was  born  in 
Statesburg,  South  Carolina,  in  1779 ;  spent 
the  most  of  his  youth  in  travelling  in 
foreign  countries;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina,  from 
1821  to  1825 ;  was  appointed,  by  President 
John  Qnincy  Adams,  United  States  Minis 
ter  to  Mexico;  he  was  Secretary  of  War 
under  President  Van  Buren ;  and  from 
1840  until  his  death  he  lived  in  retirement. 
He  was  a  man  of  letters,  and  among  other 
things  wrote  an  interesting  book  on  Mex 
ico.  He  died  in  Statesburg,  South  Caro 
lina,  December  14,  1851. 

Poland,  Luke  P.— lie  was  born  in 
Wcstford,  Chittenden  County,  Vermont, 
November  1,  1815 ;  received  a  good  com 
mon-school  and  academic  education ;  com 
menced  the  study  of  law  when  eighteen 
years  of  age,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1836;  Was  Register  of  Probate  for 
Lamoille  County  iiil839  and  1840;  was  a 
member  of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  "in  1843 ;  Prosecuting  Attorney  for 
Lamoille  County  in  1844  and  1845 ;  and  in 
1848  he  was  elected  by  the  Legislature  one 
of  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Vermont,  which  he  continued  to  hold  by 
annual  elections  until  November,  1865, 
when  he  was  appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy 
in  the  United  States  Senate  caused  by  the 
death  of  Jacob  Collamer,  whose  term 
would  have  expired  in  1867.  Just  before 
his  appointment  to  the  Senate  he  had  been 
re-elected  to  the  Supreme  Bench,  upon 
which  he  held  the  position  of  Chief  Justice, 
to  which  he  was  promoted  in  1860.  The 
Committees  upon  which  he  served  in  the 
Senate  were  those  on  the  Judiciary,  and 
Patents  and  the  Patent  Office.  His  ap 
pointment  to  the  Senate  was  confirmed  by 
the  Legislature.  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  " 
of  1866;  and  was  subsequently  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Vermont,  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Elections  as  a  Regent  of  the  Smithso 
nian  Institution,  and  (is  Chairman  of  the 
Committees  on  Revision  of  the  Laws  of 
the  United  States,and  UuflnishedBusiness. 

Polk,  Jatnes  Knox.— Born  in  Meck 
lenburg  County,  North  Carolina,  Novem 
ber  2,  1795;  removed  with  his  father,  in 
1806,  to  Tennessee,  and  lived  in  the  val 
ley  of  Duck  River,  a  branch  of  the  Cum 
berland.  He  graduated  at  the  University 


of  North  Carolina  in  1815;  studied  law  in 
Tennessee  with  Felix  Grundy,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  Congress  from  1825  to  1839,  and  Speaker 
in  that  body  from  1835  to  1837 ;  and  was 
elected  Governor  of  Tennessee,  in  1839, 
for  two  years.  In  December,  1844,  the 
Electors  chose  him  President  of  the  Uni 
ted  States;  and  during  his  eventful  admin 
istration  the  Oregon  question  was  settled, 
Texas  annexed,  war  with  Mexico  declared, 
and  New  Mexico  and  California  were  ac 
quired.  He  died  at  Nashville,  Tennessee, 
June  15,  1849. 

Polk,  Tfusten.  —  He  was  born  in 
Sussex  County,  Delaware,  May  29,  1811; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1831 ;  studied 
law  at  the  Yale  Law  School ;  and  in  1835 
he  emigrated  to  Missouri,  where  he  com 
menced  the  practice  of  his  profession.  In 
1845,  while  absent  from  Missouri  for  the 
benefit  of  his  health,  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Convention  called  to  re 
model  the  State  Constitution;  in  1848  he 
was  a  Presidential  Elector;  in  1856  he 
was  elected  Governor  of  Missouri,  and 
inaugurated  January,  1857,  but  soon  re 
signed  for  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Sen 
ate,  to  which  he  was  elected  for  the  term 
of  six  years  from  March  4,  1857.  He  was 
a  member  of  tlie  Committees  on  Foreign 
Affairs,  and  on  Claims.  Expelled  for  dis 
loyalty  January  10,  1862. 

Polk,  William,  JOT.— He  was  born  in 
Maury  County,  Tennessee,  May  24,  1815 ; 
educated  at  Chapel  Hill,  North  Carolina, 
and  the  University  of  Tennessee ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839 ; 
in  1841  and  1843  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature;  was  appointed,  by 
President  Tyler,  Charge  d'Affaires  to 
Naples,  where  he  negotiated  a  treaty  with 
the  Two  Sicilies;  served  as  a  Major  of 
Dragoons  in  the  Mexican  war;  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Nashville  Convention"  in 
1850;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Tennessee,  from  1851  to  1853.  He 
was  a  brother  of  President  Polk,  and  op 
posed  to  the  great  Rebellion.  Died  at 
Nashville,  December  16,  1862. 

Pollock,  James.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1831 ;  was  a  Judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  his  native  State,  from 
1843  to  1849 ;  and  Governor  of  the  same 
from  1855  to  1858.  Was  a  Delegate  to  the 
"Peace  Congress"  of  1861. 

Polsley,  Daniel.— Re  was  born  near 
Fairmouut,  Marion  County,  Virginia,  No 
vember  28,  1803 ;  received  a  limited  edu 
cation  and  spent  his  boyhood  on  a  farm; 
studied  law  with  Philip  Doddridge  and 
Henry  St.  George  Tucker,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1827 ;  practised  the  profession 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


309 


until  1845,  when  he  retired  to  a  farm  and 
devoted  himself  to  agriculture  until  1861 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  May  and  June  Con 
ventions  of  that  year,  held  in  Wheeling, 
for  reorganizing  the  government  of  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  elected  Lieutenant-Govern 
or  of  the  State,  which  he  held  until  West 
Virginia  was  admitted  into  the  Union. 
He  was  subsequently  elected  Judge  of  the 
Seventh  Judicial  Circuit  for  six  years,  and 
in  18GG  he  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Rev 
olutionary  Pensions,  and  Invalid  Pensions. 

Pomeroy,  Samuel  C.— Was  born 
in  Southampton,  Massachusetts,  January 
3,  181G;  and  spent  his  boyhood  on  his 
father's  farm.  After  an  academic  educa 
tion,  he  entered  Amherst  College  in  1836; 
spent  four  years  in  New  York;  returned 
to  his  native  town,  and  held  various  local 
offices ;  and  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  Massachusetts,  in  1852.  In  1854  he 
was  engaged  in  organizing  the  New  Eng 
land  Emigrant  Aid  Society,  and  became 
its  financial  agent;  removed  to  Kansas 
in  the  same  year,  and  participated  in  its 
affairs;  was  a  member  of  the  Territorial 
Defence  Committee ;  a  Delegate  to  the 
Pittsburg  and  Philadelphia  Conventions 
of  1856,  and  also  to  that  of  Chicago  in 
1860.  During  the  famine  in  Kansas  he 
was  Chairman  of  the  Relief  Committee ; 
and  in  1861  he  took  his  seat  in  the  United 
States  Senate,  from  Kansas,  for  six  years, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Pensions, 
Claims,  Territories,  Manufactures,  and  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands.  In  January,  1867,  he  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term  ending 
in  1873. 

Pomeroi/,  Theodore  M. — Born  in 

Cayuga,  New  York,  December  31,  1824; 
graduated  at  Hamilton  College ;  adopted 
the  profession  of  law ;  was  District  Attor 
ney  for  Cayuga  County  from  1850  to  1856 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in 
1857 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Expenditures  in  the 
Post  Office  Department,  and  as  a  member 
of  the  Committee  ou  Foreign  Affairs.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Banking 
and  Currency,  and  Unfinished  Business. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and 
was  made  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Banking  and  Currency. 

Pond,  Benjamin.— He  served  four 
years  in  the  Assembly  of  New  York,  from 
lissex  County,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1811 
to  1813.  He  was  re-elected,  but  died  in 


June,  1815,  at  his  residence  in  Schroon, 
Essex  County,  New  York. 

Pope,  tToJin. — He  was  born  in  Prince 
William  County,  Virginia,  in  1770.  Hav 
ing  lost  one  arm  by  accident,  he  deter 
mined  to  study  law,  and  attained  eminence 
at  the  bar ;  he  removed  to  Kentucky,  and 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  Legisla 
ture;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1801 ; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1807  to  1813',' officiating  for  a 
time  as  President  pro  tern,  of  that  body ; . 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1837  to  1843.  In  1829  he  was  appointed 
Governor  of  the  Territory  of  Arkansas, 
and  died  in  Kentucky,  July  12,  1845. 

Pope,  Nathaniel.— lie  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory  of 
Illinois,  from  1816  to  1818,  in  which  year 
he  was  appointed  Register  of  the  Land 
Office  in  Edvvardsville,  Illinois,  and  was 
appointed  in  1819  Federal  Judge  of  the 
Illinois  District. 

Pope,  Patrick  If.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1833  to  1835,  and  died  at  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  in  May,  1841. 

Porter,  Albert  G. — Born  in  Law- 
renceburg,  Indiana,  April  20,  1824 ;  grad 
uated  at  the  Asbury  University  in  1843 ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1845,  settling  at  Indianapolis ;  in  1853 
he  was  appointed  Reporter  of  the  Decis 
ions  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Indiana, 
publishing  five  volumes ;  served  two  term.* 
as  City  Attorney  of  Indianapolis;  was 
twice  elected  a  member  of  the  City  Coun 
cil  ;  and  in  1858  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Indiana, to  theThirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Judiciary  Com 
mittee.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  Judiciary,  and  on  Manufactures. 

Porter,  Alexander.— Horn  in  Ire 
land,  in  1786 ;  and  his  father  having  fallen 
a  victim  there  during  the  disturbances  of 
1798,  he  emigrated  to  America,  and  settled 
at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  as  a  clergyman. 
He  engaged  in  commerce,  but  afterwards 
studied  law  and  removed  to  Louisiana 
about  the  year  1809,  where  he  soon  ac 
quired  distinction.  He  assisted  in  form 
ing  the  Constitution  of  the  State,  and  be 
came  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Louisiana,  serving  fifteen  years ;  and  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1833  to  1837. 
He  died  at  Attakapas,  Louisiana,  January 
13,  1844.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Sen 
ate,  but  died  before  taking  his  seat. 

Porter,  Augustus  S.—  Born  in  Can- 
andaigua.  New  York,  January  18,  1798; 
graduated  at  Union  College  in  1818; 
studied  law  as  a  profession,  and  practised 


310 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECOBDS. 


for  twenty  years  in  Detroit,  Michigan, 
of  which  city  he  was  chosen  Mayor  in 
1838.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Michigan,  from  1840  to  1845 ;  and  in 
1848  he  removed  to  Niagara  Falls,  the 
residence  of  his  father,  where  he  has 
since  lived  in  retirement.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

Porter,  Gilchrlst. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Missouri,  from  1851  to  1857. 

Porter,  James.  —  He  was  born  in 
Williamstown,  Massachusetts,  and  was 
the  son  of  an  eminent  physician ;  gradu 
ated  at  Williams  College  and  removed  to 
Skaneateles,  New  York,  where  he  studied 
law  and  commenced  the  practice  of  his 
profession ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Assembly  in  1814  and  1815 ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1817  to  1819.  After  leaving  Congress 
he  was  appointed  Register  of  the  Court 
of  Chancery  which  office  he  held  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  in  Albany.  He 
was  a  man  of  culture  and  high  character, 
and  among  his  most  intimate  friends  were 
such  men  as  Henry  Clay  and  Martin  Van 
Buren. 

Porter,  John.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  180G  to  1811,  having  first  been  elect 
ed  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  Michael 
Lieb,  resigned. 

Porter,  Peter  B.— He  was  born  in 
Salisbury,  Connecticut,  in  1773 ;  and  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1791.  He  com 
pleted  his  law  studies  at  Litchfleld,  and 
emigrated  to  "Western  New  York.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1809  to  1813,  and  from 
1815  to  -1816,  when  he  resigned.  As 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Relations,  he  reported  the  resolutions  au 
thorizing  immediate  and  active  prepara 
tions  for  war;  and  in  1816  was  appointed 
Commissioner  under  the  Treaty  of  Ghent. 
In  1813  he  was  made  Major-General  and 
chief  in  command  of  the  State  troops, 
and  in  1815  he  received  from  President 
Madison  the  appointment  of  Commander- 
in-Chief  of  the  United  States  Army,  which 
he  declined.  Soon  after  the  war  he  was 
chosen  Secretary  of  the  State  of  New 
York.  In  1828  he  was  appointed  Secretary 
of  War  by  President  Adams.  He  died  at 
Niagara  Falls,  March  20,  1844,  universally 
respected.  He  distinguished  himself  at 
Chippeway  and  at  Lundy's  Lane,  and  for 
his  services  received  a  gold  medal  from 
Congress  and  a  sword  from  the  State  of 
New  York.  He  was  the  father  of  Augus 
tus  S.  Porter. 

Porter,  Timothy  JI.— He  was  born 
in  New  Haven,  Connecticut ;  served  five 


years  in  the  Assembly  of  New  York,  and 
also  five  years  in  the  State  Senate ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1825  to  1827. 

Posey,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Louisiana,  from  1812  to 
1813,  by  appointment  of  the  Governor,  but 
was  superseded  by  J.  Brown  by  the  Leg 
islature,  and  he  was  Governor  of  the  Ter 
ritory  of  Indiana  from  1813  to  1816.  He 
died  March  19,  1818. 

Post,  Jr.,  i7o£7mm.— Born  in  New 

York;  a  graduate  of  Columbia  College; 
and  a  member  of  the  New  York  Assembly 
for  four  years,  from  the  City  of  New  York, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
1813  to  1815,  from  his  native  State. 

Poston,  Charles  D. — He  was  born 
in  Hardin  County,  Kentucky,  April  20, 
1825 ;  removed  to  California  in  1850;  was 
employed  in  the  Custom-house  at  San 
Francisco  for  four  years ;  and  in  1854  he 
went  to  Arizona  as  the  pioneer  of  silver 
mining  enterprises  in  that  Territory.  Up 
on  the  organization  of  a  Territorial  gov 
ernment  for  Arizona,  he  was  appointed 
Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs  for  the 
Territory;  and  at  the  first  election  held 
he  was  elected  a  Delegate  from  Arizona 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  taking  his 
seat  at  the  second  session. 

Potter,  Elisha  JS.— Born  in  Little 
Rest,  now  Kingston,  Rhode  Island,  in 
1764 ;  iu  1796  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  Rhode  Island  for 
the  unexpired  term  of  B.  Bourne,  re 
signed  ;  re-elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress, 
in  place  of  Bourne,  who  declined,  but  re 
signed  himself  in  1797;  and  he  was  again 
a  Representative  from  1809  to  1815,  serv 
ing  on  important  committees.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Stale  Legislature  in  1793, 
and  by  semi-annual  elections  under  the  old 
charter  system  continued  to  serve  until  his 
death,  excepting  when  in  Congress.  He 
was  a  man  of  superior  talents,  and  for 
forty  years  filled  a  large  space  in  the 
political  affairs  of  Rhode  Island.  Died  in 
Kingston,  Rhode  Island,  September  26, 
1835. 

Potter,  Jr.,   Elisha  JR.—  Son  of 

the  preceding,  and  was  born  in  Kingston, 
Rhode  Island,  in  1811 ;  graduated  at  Har 
vard  University  in  1830;  was  for  several 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature; 
was  Adjutant-General  of  the  State  in  1835 
and  1836;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1843  to  1845 ;  and  Commis 
sioner  of  Public  Schools  from  May,  1849, 
to  October,  1854,  when  he  resigned,  after 
which  he  devoted  himself  to  the  practice 
of  law. 

Potter,  Emery  JD.—  He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


311 


gress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to  1845, 
and  again  from  1849  to  1851. 

Potter,  >To7in  F.~ Born  in  Augusta, 
Maine,  May  11, 1817 ;  educated  at  Paillips's 
Academy,  New  Hampshire;  is  a  lawyer 
by  profession;  was  a  member  of  the  Leg 
islature  of  Wisconsin  in  1856;  and  a 
Judge  of  Wai  worth  County  from  1842  to 
1846,  and  elected  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Pensions.  He  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 
Elected  also  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  and  made  Chairman  of  a  Special 
Committee  on  Government  Employes,  and 
also  of  that  on  Public  Lands.  He  was  a 
Delegate  also  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of 
1861.  He  was  appointed  Governor  of 
Nevada  Territory  by  President  Lincoln, 
but  declined,  and  was  subsequently  ap 
pointed  Consul-Geueral  of  British  North 
America. 

Potter,  Robert.—  Born  in  Granville 
County,  North  Carolina.  He  entered  the 
navy  as  a  midshipman,  but  resigned  this 
position,  and  studied  law.  He  entered 
the  State  Legislature  in  1826,  and  was  in 
Congress  from  1829  to  1831.  He  was  a 
second  time  in  the  Legislature,  but  owing 
to  an  outrage  that  he  committed  upon  the 
persons  of  two  men,  of  whom  lie  was 
jealous,  he  lost  all  political  influence,  and, 
removing  to  Texas,  was  killed  in  a  pri 
vate  brawl. 

Potter,  Samuel  J.—  Born  in  Rhode 
Island,  and  was  at  one  time  Deputy  Gov 
ernor  ;  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress  from 
Rhode  Island  during  the  years  1803  and 
1804,  having  died  October  29  of  the  latter 
year,  aged  fifty-four  years.  In  1793  and 
1797  he'was  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Potter,    William  7F.  —  He   was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1837  to  1839,  and  died  at 
Bellefonte,  in  that  State,  October  28, 
1839. 

Pottle,  Emory  B. — He  was  born  in 
Naples,  New  York;  is  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession  ;  was  once  in  the  Legislature  of 
New  York ;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from 
that  State,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Expenditures  in  the  Navy  Department. 
He  was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Naval  Affairs. 

Potts,  Jr.,  David.— lie  was  born  in 
Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1793, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1831  to  1839.  Died 
la  1863. 


Potts,  Richard. — He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1781  and 
1782 ;  Governor  of  Maryland  during  the 
years  1781  and  1782;  and  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1792  to 
1796,  when  he  resigned.  He  received 
from  Princeton  College,  in  1805,  the  de 
gree  of  LL.D. 

Poivel,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1815  to  1817. 

Powell,  Alfred  H.— He  was  born  in 
Loudon  County,  Virginia;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College;  studied  law  in  Alex 
andria,  Virginia;  settled  in  Winchester, 
Virginia,  iu  1800;  served  in  the  State 
Legislature,  and  one  or  two  State  Con 
ventions;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1825  to 
1827.  He  died  at  Winchester,  while  argu 
ing  a  case  in  court,  in  1831,  aged  fifty  years. 

Poi'^ell,  Cuthbert. — He  was  at  one 
time  Mayor  of  Alexandria,  in  Virginia, 
and,  on  his  removal  to  Loudon  County, 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature ;  was  sub 
sequently  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1841  to  1843.  He  died  at  Laugollen, 
Virginia,  May  8,  1849. 

Powell,  Lazarus  IF.— Born  in  Hen 
derson  County,  Kentucky,  October  6, 
1812;  graduated  at  St.  Joseph's  College, 
Bardstown,  in  1833;  studied  law  at  the 
Transylvania  University,  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1835,  following  his  profession  and 
carrying  on  a  farm  at  the  same  time ;  in 
1836  he  was  elected  to  the  Kentucky  Leg 
islature;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  iu 
1844;  was  Governor  of  Kentucky  from 
1851  to  1855;  and  he  was  chosen  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress  for  the  long  term  com 
mencing  in  1S59,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  the  Judiciary,  Pensions,  and 
Printing.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of  1866;  and  died  at  his  home  in 
Kentucky,  July  5,  1867. 

Powell,  Levin.  —  He  was  born  in 
Loudon  County,  Virginia;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  iu  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1799  to  1801. 

Potvell,  Paulus. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and,  having  been  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
in  1849,  continued  in  that  capacity  to  the 
close  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Expend 
itures  in  the  Navy  Department,  and  that 
on  Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads. 

Powers,  Gershom.—lle  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1829  to  1831. 

Poydras,  Julian*— He  was  a  Dele- 


312 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


gate  in  Congress,  from  the  Territory  of 
Louisiana,  from  180i)  to  1812. 

Pratt,  James  T. — He  was  born  in 
Middletown,  Connecticut,  in  1805;  was 
bred  a  fanner,  which  occupation  he  fol 
lowed  ;  served  in  the  Connecticut  Legis 
lature  ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1855. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace 
Congress  "  of  1861. 

Pratt,  Thomas  G. — He  was  born  in 
Washington  City  in  1805;  was  educated 
at  an  Academj'  in  Georgetown ;  was  bred 
a  lawyer;  frequently  served  in  the  Mary 
land  Senate ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1837;  was  Governor  of  Maryland  from 
1844  to  1848;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1850  to  1857. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago 
Convention  "  of  1864;  and  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "  National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Pratt,  ZadocJc.  —  Was  born  at 
Stcphentown,  Rcnsselaer  County,  New 
York,  October  30,  1790.  He  commenced 
his  early  life  without  means,  but  by  his 
industry  gained  d  large  fortune.  Devot 
ing  his  attention  to  tanning,  among  the 
Catskill  mountains,  he  attained  eminent 
success  in  that  branch  of  the  mechanic 
arts,  and  his  name  will  ever  be  associated 
with  Prattsville,  and  that  vast  tannery, 
where,  previous  to  the  close  of  it,  in  1846, 
he  had  tanned  more  than  a  million  sides 
of  leather.  In  1823  he  was  elected  a  Colo 
nel  of  Militia;  in  1830  to  the  State  Sen 
ate;  in  1836  a  Presidential  Elector.  He 
was  elected  to  Congress  in  1836  and  1842, 
and  labored  successfully  for  the  public 
good.  His  career  in  Congress  will  be  re 
membered  for  his  efforts  in  behalf  of  the 
reduction  of  postage,  his  plans  for  the 
new  Post  Office  buildings,  and  the  Bureau 
of  Statistics,  which  owes  its  origin  to 
him.  In  1852  he  was  again  a  Presidential 
Elector.  He  established  a  newspaper  and 
a  bank  at  Prattsville ;  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  "Baltimore  Convention  "of  1852,  and 
to  various  other  Democratic  Conventions, 
and  the  President  of  many  societies  and 
institutions. 

Prentiss,  John  JET. — He  was  born  in 
Worcester.  Massachusetts,  April  17, 1784; 
was  bred  a  printer;  settled  in  Coopers- 
town,  New  York,  and  in  1808  established 
the  "Freeman's  Journal  "in  that  town, 
which  he  edited  with  ability  and  success, 
until  1849.  He  was  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congresses;  and  died  in  Coop- 
erstovvu,  June  26,  1864. 

Prentiss,  Samuel. — He  was  born  in 
Stouingtou,  Connecticut,  March  31,  1782; 
removed  with  his  father  to  Worcester, 
Massachusetts,  and  subsequently  to 


Northfleld,  where  he  commenced  the 
study  of  law.  He  completed  his  profes 
sional  studies  in  Brattleboro',  Vermont, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Montpelier  in 
1803,  where  he  soon  attained  success,  and 
became  one  of  the  foremost  men  of  the 
bar.  In  1824  and  1825  he  represented 
Montpelier  in  the  State  Legislature.  In 
1829  he  was  elected  Chief  Justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  State,  having  sev 
eral  years  before  declined  the  office  of 
Associate  Justice  of  that  Court.  He  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1831  to  1842.  While  Senator  he  did 
much  to  effect  the  passage  of  the  law 
against  duelling  in  the  District  of  Colum 
bia.  In  1842  he  was  appointed  Judge  of 
the  Federal  District  Court  in  Vermont, 
which  office  he  held  at  the  time  of  his 
death.  He  received  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
from  the  University  of  Vermont,  lie  died 
in  Montpelier,  Vermont,  January  15.  1857. 
He  left  ten  sous,  all  of  whom,  excepting 
one,  were  members  of  his  own  profes 
sion. 

Prentiss,  Sergeant  S.—  Born  in 
Portland,  Maine.  September  30,  1808,  and 
died  at  Longwood,  near  Natchez,  Missis 
sippi,  July  1,  1850.  He  graduated  at 
Bovvdoin  College  in  1826,  when,  after 
studying  law  at  Gorhani,  he  removed  to 
Mississippi,  and  passed  two  years  as  tu 
tor  in  a  private  family.  He  studied  law 
at  Natchez,  and,  on  removing  to  Vicks- 
burg,  became  from  the  start  the  leader  of 
the  bar  in  his  adopted  State,  acquiring  by 
his  profession  a  large  property.  lie  en 
tered  into  politics,  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature  in  1835,  and  In  1837  was 
chosen  a  Representative  in  Congress  for 
the  years  1838  and  1839.  From  that  pe 
riod  until  the  close  of  his  life  he  was  de 
voted  wholly  to  his  profession,  appearing 
frequently  in  court  at  New  Orleans;  and, 
as  a  Jury  orator,  he  was  acknowledged  as 
having  no  equal  in  the  South-western 
States. 

Preston,  Francis.— He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1793 
to  1797,  and  died  at  Columbia,  South  Car 
olina,  May  26,  1835,  whither  he  had  gone 
upon  a  visit  to  his  son,  the  distinguished 
William  C.  Preston.  He  was  in  the 
seventieth  year  of  his  age. 

Preston,  Jacob  A. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Preston,  William.— lie  was  born 
near  Louisville,  Kentucky,  October  16, 
1816;  was  liberally  educated  at  St.  Jo 
seph's  College,  Kentucky,  in  New  Haven, 
and  at  Harvard  University ;  he  settled,  in 
the  practice  of  law,  at  Louisville,  and  re 
mained  there  until  the  Mexican  war, 
when  he  went  to  Mexico  as  Lieutenant- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


313 


Colonel  of  the  Kentucky  Volunteers ;  he 
served  in  the  Convention  called  to  frame 
anew  the  Constitution  of  Kentucky;  in 
1850  and  1851  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature;  lie  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1852,  voting  for  Scott;  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  for  the  unex- 
pircd  term  of  Humphrey  Marshall,  re 
signed  ;  and  was  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress;  was  a  member  of  the 
"  Cincinnati  Convention  "  which  nominat 
ed  Mr.  Buchanan  in  1856 ;  and  in  1858  was 
appointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  Min 
ister  to  Spain.  On  his  return,  in  1861,  he 
took  part  in  the  Rebellion,  and  was  a 
Brigadier-General. 

Preston,  William  B.—  He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849 ;  and  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  under 
President  Taylor,  in  1849  and  1850.  He 
took  part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a 
member  of  the  Confederate  Congress. 
He  died  in  Montgomery  County,  Virginia, 
November  16,  1862. 

Preston,  William  C.—  Was  born 
December  27,  171)4,  in  Philadelphia,  while 
his  father  was  attending  Congress,  at  that 
place,  as  a  member  from  Virginia.  His 
maternal  grandmother  was  the  sister  of 
Patrick  Henry.  He  was  educated  at  the 
University  of  South  Carolina.  In  1812 
he  graduated,  and  returned  to  Virginia, 
where  he  studied  law  in  the  office  of 
William  Wirt,  at  Richmond.  In  1816  he 
went  to  Europe,  and,  after  visiting  France, 
England,  and  Switzerland,  resided  for 
some  time  in  Edinburgh,  where  he  at 
tended  the  lectures  of  Hope,  Playfair,  and 
Brown.  In  1819  he  returned  to  the  United 
States,  and,  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1821,  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in 
Virginia.  In  1822  he  removed  to  Colum 
bia,  in  South  Carolina,  where  he  con 
tinued  the  practice  of  his  profession  with 
great  distinction  and  success.  In  1832  he 
was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States,  from  South  Carolina,  where  he 
assumed  a  high  position  as  a  debater.  In 
1842  he  resigned  his  place  in  the  Senate, 
and  returned  to  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  in  South  Carolina.  In  1855  he 
became  President  of  the  University  of 
South  Carolina,  which  office  he  filled  with 
great  credit  until  he  was  forced  to  resign, 
in  consequence  of  ill  health,  after  which 
time  he  lived  in  retirement.  Died  at  Co 
lumbia,  South  Carolina,  May  22,  1860. 

Price,  Hiram.  —  He  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  Pennsylvania,  Jan 
uary  10,  1814;  is  President  of  the  State 
Bank  of  Iowa ;  and  in  1862  he  was  elected 
Representative,  from  Iowa,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Claims, 
lie-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 


serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  the  Pacific  Railroad,  and  as  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Pen 
sions.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  his  old  committees. 

Price,  Rodman  M.— Born  in  Sus 
sex  County,  New  Jersey,  November  5, 
1816.  He  attended  Princeton  College 
until  his  health  compelled  him  to  retire, 
and  he  devoted  some  attention  to  the 
study  of  law;  was  appointed  Purser  in  the 
Navy  in  1840;  is  said  to  have  been  the 
first  person  to  exercise  judicial  functions 
under  the  American  flag  on  the  Pacific 
Coast ,  as  Alcalde ;  in  1848  was  made  Navy 
Agent  for  the  Pacific  Coast;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  his  native 
State,  from  1851  to  1853;  and  subsequent 
ly  elected  Governor  of  New  Jersey.  He 
caused  the  establishment,  in  that  State, 
of  a  Normal  School,  and  iias  done  much 
to  improve  the  Militia  of  the  State.  He 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  " 
of  1861. 

Price,  Sterling.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia;  was  a  Representative  in  Con- 
gress,  from  Missouri,  from  1845  to  1847; 
and  Governor  of  that  State  from  1853  to 
1857.  Was  identified  with  the  great  Re 
bellion  of  1861  as  a  Major-Geueral. 

Price,  TJiomas  L.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Missouri,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  "Chicago  Convention " 
of  1864 ;  and  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Nation 
al  Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

Prince,  Oliver  IT.— He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  during 
the  years  1828  and  1829,  and  died  at  sea, 
October  9,  1837. 

Prince,  William.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana, 
from  1823  to  1824,  having  died  in  Prince 
ton,  Indiana,  before  the  expiration  of  his 
term,  September  8,  1824. 

Pringle,  Benjamin.— Born  in  Rich 
field,  Otsego  County,  New  York,  Novem 
ber  9,  1807 ;  received  a  good  English  and 
classical  education;  studied  law,  and 
practised  for  several  years,  but  relin 
quished  the  profession  on  being  made 
President  and  financial  officer  of  the  Bank 
of  Genesee,  atBatavia.  He  held  the  office 
of  Judge  of  the  County  Courts  of  Genesee 
for  five  years,  and  served  one  year  in  the 
State  Assembly;  and  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gresses,  lie  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Arbitra 
tion  at  Cape  Town,  under  the  Treaty  with 
Great  Britain  of  18*62. 

Profit,  George  if.— He  was  a  Rep- 


314 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


resentative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana, 
from  1839  to  1843  ;  and  in  1843  was  United 
States  Minister  to  Brazil.  He  died  at 
Louisville,  Kentucky,  September  5,  1847. 


ii,  John  V.  L.  —  He  was  born 
in  Albany,  New  York;  was  chiefly  edu 
cated  at  private  schools,  and  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  from  Kutgers  College 
New  Jersey;  studied  law,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  Albany  in  1832  ;  in  1835  he  was 
Counsel  and  Director  of  the  Mohawk  and 
Hudson  Railroad,  and  subsequently  be 
came  Treasurer  of  the  New  York  Central 
Railroad  Company  ;  he  was  also  a  Master 
in  Chancery  during  the  Governorship  of 
W.  L.  Marcy;  in  1844  was  made  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Board  of  Regents  ;  and  in  1862 
Chancellor  of  the  University  of  New 
York,  and  was  a  State  Senator  in  1862. 
At  a  special  election  in  1863  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacan 
cy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Erastus 
Corning,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Claims.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  and  was  placed  on  the  Library-Com 
mittee,  and  that  on  the  Pacific  Railroad. 

Pryor,  Roger  A.—  Born  in  Dinwid- 
die  County,  Virginia,  July  19,  1828  ;  grad 
uated  at  Hampton  Sidney  College  in  1845  ; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  but  relin 
quished  the  practice  on  account  of  his 
health  ;  in  1851  became  an  editor  in  Pe 
tersburg;  in  1852  connected  himself  with 
the  "  Washington  Union  "  as  a  writer;  in 
1853  he  joined  the  "  Richmond  Enquirer;  " 
in  1855  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Pierce,  a  Special  Commissioner  to  Greece, 
to  adjust  certain  difficulties  with>  that 
country  ;  on  his  return  he  established  a 
political  journal  called  "  The  South," 
which  stopped  in  eighteen  months  ;  was 
connected  for  four  months  with  the 
"  Washington  States  ;  "  and  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Virginia,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  the  District  of 
Columbia.  He  took  part  in  the  Rebellion 
as  a  member  of  the  Confederate  Con 
gress,  and  also  as  a  Brigadier-General; 
and  in  November,  1864,  he  was  captured 
by  Union  troops,  and  imprisoned  in  Fort 
Lafayette,  but  soon  afterwards  released. 
He  subsequently  settled  in  Tennessee  as 
an  editor. 

Pugh,  George  Ellis.—  Born  in  Cin 
cinnati,  Ohio,  November  28,  1822  ;  grad 
uated  at  Miami  University  in  1840,  and  is 
a  lawyer  by  profession.  He  was  Captain 
in  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  Ohio  Volun 
teers,  in  the  Mexican  war,  in  1847;  Rep 
resentative  in  the  Legislature  in  1848  and 
1849;  was  appointed  Solicitor  to  the  City 
of  Cincinnati,  in  1850;  was  Attorney- 
General  of  the  State  in  1851  ;  and  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  March  4,  1855, 
for  six  years,  and  was  a  member  of  the 


Committee  on  Public  Lands,  and  on  the 
Judiciary. 

Pugh,  James  L.  —  Born  in  Burke 
County,  Georgia,  in  1820;  received  an 
academical  education;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law,  and,  removing  to  Alaba 
ma,  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  the  Library. 
He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1856.  Withdrew  in  February,  1861,  to 
take  part  in  the  Rebellion  of  that  year. 

Pugh,  John.  — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1805  to  1809. 

Purdy,  Smith  M.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Purviance,  Samuel  A.  —Born  in 
Butler,  Pennsylvania,  November  8,  1809. 
He  was  a  student  of  Washington  College, 
but  did  not  graduate ;  is  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession,  and  has  practised  for  twenty-flve 
years ;  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
to  amend  the  State  Constitution,  in  1836, 
and  served  in  the  Legislature  in  1838  and 
1839 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Electoral  Col 
lege  in  1848 ;  and  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Pub 
lic  Buildings  and  Grounds.  He  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866. 

Purviance,  Samuel  D.— A  member 
of  Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from 
1803  to  1805. 

Puryear,  Richard  C.— He  was  born 
in  Mecklenburg,  Virginia,  February  9, 
1801 ;  received  a  good  English  education ; 
has  spent  the  most  of  his  life  engaged  in 
merchandising  and  farming.  In  1838 
having  removed  to  North  Carolina,  he 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that 
State;  in  1840  to  the  State  Senate;  in. 
1844,  1846,  and  1852,  he  was  again  chosen 
to  the  Legislature ;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative,  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
from  1853  to  1857.  He  took  part  in  the 
Rebellion  of  1861  as  a  member  of  the 
Confederate  Congress.  He  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union 
Convention  "  of  1866. 

Putnam,  Harvey.— For  many  years 
a  leading  member  of  the  Genesee  County 
bar;  was  elected  several  times  to  both 
branches  of  the  New  York  Legislature; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1847  to  1851.  He 
died  in  Attica,  New  York,  September  21, 
1855,  aged  sixty-two  years. 

Quarles,  James  M.— Born  in  Louisa 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


315 


County,  Virginia,  February  8,  1823;  re 
moved,  with  his  father,  to  Kentucky,  in 
1833;  received  a  common-school  educa 
tion;  adopted  the  profession  of  law;  on 
removing  to  Tennessee,  in  1846,  he  be 
came  Attorney-General  of  the  Tenth  Dis 
trict;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  iu  1852; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Tennessee,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  the  Militia. 

Quarles,  Tunstall.  —  He  was  born 
in  'Virginia;  was  aRepiesentativeiu  Con- 
gress/from  Kentucky,  from  1817  to  1820, 
and  was  subsequently  Receiver  of  Public 
Moneys  at  Cape  Girardeau,  Missouri. 

Quincy,  Josiah.  —  Born  in  Boston. 
Massachusetts,  February  4,  1772.  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  in  1790,  and  entered 
on  the  practice  of  law  in  Boston.  In  1804 
he  was  chosen  a  Representative  from  Bos 
ton  in  the  Congress  of  the  United  States, 
and  held  that  station  eight  successive 
years,  until  he  declined  a  re-election  in 
1813.  He  was  chosen  State  Senator,  for 
Suffolk,  from  1814  to  1821;  Representa 
tive  from  Boston,  and  was  Speaker  of  the 
House  in  1820 ;  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  of  1820  to  revise  the  State  Consti 
tution  ;  Judge  of  the  Municipal  Court  in 
Boston  in  1821  and  1822;  and  Mayor  of 
Boston  in  1823.  He  held  the  office  of 
Mayor  six  successive  years,  until  he  der 
clined  a  re-election,  in  December,  1828. 
In  1829  he  was  chosen  President  of  Har 
vard  University,  and  held  that  office  until 
his  resignation  in  1845,  and  he  received 
from  that  institution  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
in  1824.  His  published  works  are 
"  Speeches  in  Congress,  and  Orations  on 
Various  Occasions,"  "Memoir  of  Josiah 
Quincy,  Jr.,  of  Massachusetts,"  "  Centen 
nial  Address  on  the  Two  Hundredth  Anni 
versary  of  the  Settlement  of  Boston," 
"  A  History  of  Harvard  University  from 
1636  to  1836,"  "Memoir  of  James  Gra- 
hame,  Historian  of  the  United  States 
Army,"  "  Memoir  of  Major  Samuel  Shaw," 
"  History  of  the  Boston  Athenaeum,"  "  A 
Municipal  History  of  the  Town  and  City 
of  Boston  from  1630  to  1830,"  "The  Life 
of  John  Quincy  Adams,"  and  "  Essays  on 
the  Soiling  of  Cattle."  Died  in  Boston, 
July  1,  1864. 

Quitman,  John  A.  —  He  was   the 

son  of  Rev.  F.  H.  Quitfnan,  D.D.,  and  was 
born  in  Rhiuebeck,  Duchess  County,  New 
York,  September  1,  1799 ;  had  a  liberal 
education ;  studied  theology,  but  preferred 
the  law,  and  in  his  twentieth  year  was  a 
Professor  of  Law  in  Mount  Airy  College, 
Pennsylvania.  In  1820  he  emigrated  to 
Ohio,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  that 
State,  but  soon  afterwards,  in  1821,  re 
moved  to  Natchez,  Mississippi.  In  1827 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ; 
in  1828  was  appointed  Chancellor  of  the 
State,  serving  three  years;  served  as  a 


Delegate  to  a  "  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention  ;  "  in  1835  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate,  and,  as  President  of  that 
body,  was  called  upon  to  perform  the  du 
ties  of  Governor;  in  1836  he  distinguished 
himself  as  a  soldier  and  leader  in  behalf 
of  Texas  against  Mexico;  in  1839  he  vis 
ited  Europe  on  business  for  the  Missis 
sippi  Railroad  ;  on  his  return  was  appoint 
ed  Judge  of  the  High  Court  of  Errors  and 
Appeals;  he  served  with  distinction  in 
the  Mexican  war,  and  was  for  a  time  the 
American  Governor  of  Mexico;  had  a 
horse  shot  from  under  him  at  Monterey; 
commanded  at  Victoria;  was  at  Vera 
Cruz  and  Ojo  Del  Agua;  commissioned  by 
the  President  Major-General  in  the  army; 
he  also  acquitted  himself  with  great  credit 
at  Chapultepec  ;  and  was  one  of  the  first 
to  enter  the  City  of  Mexico  ;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1848;  he  was  Governor 
of  Mississippi  in  1850;  and  in  1855  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Mississippi,  and  re-elected  iu  1857,  serving 
both  terms  at  the  head  of  the  Committee 
on  Military  Affairs.  By  virtue  of  his  ex 
perience  and  strict  integrity  he  ever  com 
manded  the  respect  of  all,  and  the  kind 
ness  of  his  heart  and  amiable  manners  won 
for  him  troops  of  friends  among  all  parties. 
He  was  spoken  of  on  two  occasions  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  Vice-President, 
and  was  the  recognized  leader  of  those 
favorable  to  the  annexation  of  Cuba.  He 
died  at  his  residence,  in  Mississippi,  July 
17,  1858. 

Radford,  William.  —  Was  born  in 
Poughkeepsie,  Duchess  County,  New 
York,  June  24,  1814;  received  a  good 
common  -school  education  ;  settled  in  New 
York  City  in  1829,  and  was  for  a  long  time 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  and  in 
1862  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
New  York  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Public  Build 
ings  and  Grounds.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  .on  the 
Committees  on  Elections  and  the  Postal 
Railroad  to  New  York. 


Ramsay,  David.—  Born  in 
vania,  April  2,  1749  ;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  Cellege  in  1765;  and,  having  studied 
medicine  in  Philadelphia,  received  a  Diplo 
ma  from  the  Medical  College  of  that  city 
in  1772.  After  a  short  sojourn  in  Mary 
land  he  removed  to  South  Carolina  in  1773, 
and  settled  in  Charleston,  where  he  at 
tained  eminence  in  his  profession.  He 
served  in  the  Carolina  Legislature  during 
the  whole  Revolutionary  war  ;  also  in  the 
army  as  surgeon  ;  and  published  much  in 
behalf  of  the  American  cause.  He  was 
one  of  the  Privy  Council  and  was  banished 
to  St.  Augustine  ;  and  he  was  a  Delegate 
to  Congress  from  1782  to  1784,  and  again 
from  1785  to  1786;  and  was  temporary 
President  during  the  sickness  of  Hancock. 
In  1785  he  published  the  "History  of  the 


316 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


Revolution  in  South  Carolina;"  in  1790 
the  "  History  of  the  American  Revolu 
tion  ;  "  in  1801  a  "  Life  of  Washington ;  " 
in  1803  a  "History. of  South  Carolina;" 
and  he  also  wrote  a  "History  of  the  United 
States,"  and  a  "  Universal  History,"  which 
were  published  after  his  death.  He  died 
May  7,  1815,  from  a  wound  received  in  the 
street  from  a  mauiac. 

Ramsay,  Nathaniel.  —  He  was  a 
Delegate  from  Maryland,  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  from  1785  to  1787.  He  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  1767. 

Ramsay,  Robert. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1835,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843. 

Ramsey,  Alexander. — He  was  born 
in  Dauphin  County,  near  Harrisburg, 
Pennsylvania,  September  8,  1815;  was  a 
Clerk  in  the  office  of  the  Register  of  that 
county  in  1828;  was  Secretary  of  the 
Electoral  College  of  Pennsylvania  in  1840 ; 
in  1841  was  elected  Clerk  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1843  to  1847 ;  and  was  Chairman  in 
1848  of  the  State  Central  Committee  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1849  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Taylor,  the  first  Territorial 
Governor  of  Minnesota,  holding  the  office 
until  1853,  during  which  service  he  took 
part  in  1849  in  negotiating  a  treaty  at 
Mendota  for  the  extinction  of  the  title  of 
the  Sioux  half-breeds  to  the  lands  on  Lake 
Pepin;  and  in  1851  he  negotiated  another 
treaty  with  the  Sioux  nation,  by  which  the 
government  acquired  all  the  lands  in  Min 
nesota  west  of  the  Mississippi  River,  and 
opened  that  State  to  the  large  population 
now  settled  there ;  and  also  made  a  treaty 
with  the  Chippewa  Indians  on  Red  River, 
which  he  followed  up  with  another  in 
1863.  In  1855  he  was  Mayor  of  the  City 
of  St.  Paul,  and  was  elected  Governor  of 
the  State  of  Minnesota  in  1858,  continuing 
in  that  office  until  1862.  In  1863  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Min 
nesota,  for  the  term  ending  in  1869,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Naval  Affairs, 
Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads,  Patents  and 
the  Patent  Office,  Expenses  in  the  Senate, 
Pacific  Railroad,  and  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions, 
and  of  those  also  on  Revolutionary  Claims, 
Post  Office  and  Post  Roads,  and  Territo 
ries.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Na 
tional  Committee  appointed  to  accompany 
the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to 
Illinois. 

Ramsey,  William.  —  Born  at  Ster- 
rett's  Gap,  Cumberland  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  September  7,  1779.  In  1803  he 
was  appointed  Surveyor  of  his  native 
county,  an  office  held  by  his  father  during 
the  Revolution;  and  he  also  held  the 


offices  of  Prothonotary,  Register,  Record 
er,  and  Clerk  of  the  Orphan's  Court; 
studied  law,  and  practised  with  success. 
In  1826  he  was  elected  a  member  of  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania ;  re-elected  in 
1828  and  1830,  and  died  in  September, 
1831,  at  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania. 

Ramsey,  William  S. — Born  in  Car 
lisle,  Pennsylvania,  June  12,  1810 ;  was 
educated  at  Dickinson  College,  but,  on  ac 
count  of  bad  health,  did  not  graduate ;  he 
travelled  in  Europe ;  was  an  attacho  to  the 
American  Legation  in  London,  and  formed 
the  acquaintance  of  Walter  Scott  and  Gen 
eral  Lafayette ;  returning  to  Carlisle,  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832 ;  elected  a 
Representative  to  Congress  in  1838;  re- 
elected  in  1840,  but  died  in  Baltimore, 
October  17,  1840,  a  few  weeks  after  his 
election. 

Randall,  Alexander.— lie  was  born 
in  Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  the 
District  of  Columbia. 

Randall,  Benjamin.— He  was  born 
in  Massachusetts  in  1789;  graduated  at 
Bowdoin  College  in  1809 ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  Bath,  Maine,  where  ho 
resided  forty-five  years.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate  in  1833,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from 
1839  to  1843,  and  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Invalid  Pensions.  He  was 
appointed,  by  President  Taylor,  Collector 
of  the  Port  of  Bath,  and  died  at  that  place, 
October  14,  1857. 

Randall,  Samuel  J~.— Was  born  in 
Philadelphia  in  1828;  educated  in  that 
city;  was  brought  up  a  merchant,  and  has 
ever  been  engaged  in  that  pursuit;  served 
four  years  in  the  Councils  of  his  native 
city;  one  term  in  the  State  Senate ;  and  in 
1862  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Buildings  and  Grounds.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Banking  and  Currency, 
and  Expenditures  in  the  State  Department, 
and  Retrenchment.  Re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Retrenchment  and  on  the  Assas 
sination  of  President  Lincoln,  as  well  as 
his  old  committees. 

Randall,  William  JET.—  Was  born  in 
Kentucky;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1835 ;  in  1836  was  appointed  Clerk 
of  the  Circuit  and  County  Court  of  Laurel 
County,  which  position  he  held  until  1851 ; 
after  the  adoption  of  the  State  Constitu 
tion,  he  held  the  office  one  year  by  election , 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 


BIO&RAPUICAL    EECORDS. 


317 


serving  on  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs.  He-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs,  and  Expenditures  on  the 
Public  Buildings.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Conven 
tion"  of  18G6. 

Randolph,  Edmund.— He  was  a 

native  of  Virginia;  was  an  eminent  law 
yer,  and  a  warm  supporter  of  the  Revolu 
tion.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1779  to 
1783;  in  1787  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States,  but  voted  against  its 
adoption.  In  1788  was  Governor  of  Vir 
ginia.  In  1789  was  Attorney-General  of 
the  United  States,  and  in  1794  was  Secre 
tary  of  State ;  but,  engaging  in  an  intrigue 
with  the  French  Minister,  he  lost  the  con 
fidence  of  the  cabinet  and  resigned  in 
1795.  He  died  September  12,  1813, 

Randolph,  James  F.—  Born  in  Mid 
dlesex  County,  New  Jersey,  June  26,  1791 ; 
received  a  common-school  education: 
served  an  apprenticeship  to  the  printing 
business,  and  became  editor  of  the  "Fre- 
donia,"  a  weekly  newspaper,  in  1812,  and 
continued  in  that  capacity  for  thirty  jrears. 
He  was  appointed  Collector  of  the  Internal 
Kevenue  of  the  United  States  in  1815,  and 
held  that  office  till  the  close  of  the  war  in 
Texas.  He  was  subsequently  Clerk  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  his  native 
county,  and  for  two  years  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1828  to  1833, 
and  was  afterwards  President  of  a  bank 
in  New  Brunswick,  New  Jersey,  for  ten 
years. 

Randolph,  John,  of  RoanoTce.— 

He  was  born  in  Chesterfield,  Virginia, 
June  2,  1773,  and  claimed  descent,  through 
his  grandmother,  from  Pocahoutas,  the 
daughter  of  Powhatan,  the  great  Indian 
chief.  His  father  died  in  1775,  leaving 
three  sons  and  a  large  estate;  and  his 
mother  was  married  in  1783  to  St.  George 
Tucker,  who  was  his  guardian  during  his 
minority.  His  early  life  was  spent  at  dif 
ferent  places,  under  different  instructors, 
of  most  of  whom  he  said  "he  never 
learned  anything."  He  passed  a  short  time 
at  Princeton  College,  Columbia  College, 
and  at  William  and  Mary  College ;  and  for 
a  time  he  studied  law  with  Edmund  llan- 
dolph.  He  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  in  1799,  and  he  continued  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives, 
with  the  exception  of  two  intervals  of  two 
years  each,  until  1829 ;  in  that  year  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Convention  to  revise  the 
Constitution  of  Virginia,  and  he  was  after 
wards  appointed  Minister  Plenipotentiary 
to  Russia,  by  President  Jackson,  in  1830. 
During  one  of  the  intervals  alluded  to, 
from  1825  to  1827,  he  was  a  Senator  of  the 


United  States.  He  was  never  married,  and 
was  possessed  of  a  large  estate  on  the 
Roanoke.  He  died  at  Philadelphia,  May 
24,  1833,  while  about  to  depart  for  Europe 
for  the  restoration  of  his  feeble  health. 
He  was  distinguished  alike  for  his  genius, 
his  effective  eloquence,  and  for  many  ec 
centricities  of  thought  and  manner. 

Randolph,  Joseph  Fits.—  Born  in 
1803,  in  New  Jersey,  and  obtained  ail 
ordinary  school  education,  after  which  ho 
studied  law,  and  was  licensed  to  practise 
in  1825 ;  he  settled  at  Monmouth  Court 
house,  and  was  appointed  State's  Attorney 
for  the  county.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1837  to  1813,  and  during 
one  term  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Claims.  In  1811 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Convention  which 
framed  the  State  Constitution ;  and  in  1845 
was  appointed  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  New  Jersey,  for  seven  years, 
after  which  he  resumed  the  practice  of  his 
profession  at  Trenton,  where  he  now  re 
sides.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
"Peace  Congress"  of  1861. 

Randolph,  Pei/ton.—IIe  was  a  na 
tive  of  Virginia,  and  one  of  the  most  dis 
tinguished  lawyers  and  patriots  of  that 
State.  In  1756  he  was  appointed  King's 
Attorney  for  the  Colony  of  Virginia,  and 
held  the  office  for  many  years.  In  1705  ha 
was  elected  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Bur 
gesses.  In  1773  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Correspondence;  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1774  to  1775,  and  was  President  of  that 
body.  He  died  suddenly  in  Virginia,  Oc 
tober  22,  1775,  aged  fifty-two. 

Randolph,  TJiomas  M. — He  was  a 

native  of  Virginia;  Governor  of  that 
State ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1803  to  1807 ;  and  died  at  Monticello, 
June  20,  1828. 

RanTcin,    Christopher.  —  He  was 

born  in  Washington  County.Pennsylvauia, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Mississippi,  from  1819  to  1826.  Died 
March  14,  1826,  in  Washington  City. 

Rantoul,  Robert. — Born  in  Beverly, 
Massachusetts,  May  13,  1805.  He  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  University  in  1826; 
studied  law ;  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1827,  and  settled  in  practice  in  South 
Reading,  and  removed  to  Gloucester  iu 
1832 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature 
in  1834,  and  in  1837  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  Board  of  Education.  In 
1838  he  removed  to  Boston,  and  in  1843 
was  appointed  Collector  of  that  port;  iu 
1845  was  appointed,  by  President  Polk, 
United  States  District  Attorney  for  Mas 
sachusetts  ;  in  1851  succeeded  Mr.  Webster 
in  the  United  States  Senate,  but  remained 
there  only  a  short  time ;  and  was  a  Repre- 


313 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


seutative  in  Congress  from  1851  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  at 
Washington,  August  7,  1852.  His  writ 
ings  have  since  been  published  in  a  large 
volume. 

Rariden,  James,  —  He  was  a  native 
of  Kentucky,  and  was  an  early  settler  of 
the  White  Water  Valley,  Indiana;  he  was 
self-educated,  and  became  eminent  as  a 
lawyer.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Indiana,  from  1837  to  1841, 
and  died  at  Cambridge  City,  in  that  State. 

Rathbun,  George,  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
18-47. 


if  Green  B.  —  He  was  bom  in 

Golcouda,  Pope  County,  Illinois,  Decem 
ber  3,  1829  ;  received  a  good  education  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  the  law  ;  in  1801 
he  participated  in  the  war  for  the  Union 
as  Major  of  the  Fifty-sixth  Illinois  Volun 
teers;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Col 
onel  in  1862  ;  to  the  rank  of  Brevet  Briga 
dier-General  in  1864  ;  to  the  full  rank  of 
Brigadier  in  1865,  serving  in  the  army  of 
the  Tennessee  until  January  of  the  latter 
year;  he  commanded  a  brigade  during  the 
siege  of  Vicksburg,  with  General  McPhcr- 
sou  ;  went  with  General  Sherman  to  Chat 
tanooga  in  1863,  commanding  a  brigade; 
was  at  the  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  and 
commanded  a  brigade  during  the  great 
march  through  Georgia  to  Savannah,  in 
1864.  In  1866  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Illinois,  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Mileage,  and  Military  Affairs. 

Raymond,  Henry  «/".—  He  was  born 
in  Lima,  Livingston  County,  New  York, 
January  24,  18-20.  As  a  boy  ho  worked 
upon  his  father's  farm  in  summer,  and 
attended  school  in  winter;  became  a 
teacher  in  a  district  school  when  sixteen 
years  of  age;  graduated  at  the  University 
of  Vermont  in  1840  ;  soon  afterwards  re 
moved  to  New  York  City,  and,  while  study 
ing  law,  taught  the  classics  and  wrote  for 
the  "New  Yorker;  "  in  1841  he  became  the 
managing  editor  of  the  New  York"  Trib 
une,"  and  did  much  for  its  reputation,  and 
subsequently  became  the  leading  editor  of 
the  New  York  "  Courier  and  Enquirer," 
performing,  at  the  same  tijne,  the  duties 
of  reader  for  the  firm  of  Harper  &  Broth 
ers.  In  1849  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Assembly;  was  re-elected  and  made 
Speaker,  and,  relinquishing  his  position 
on  the"  Courier"  on  account  of  his  health, 
travelled  in  Europe.  On  his  return  in 
1851  he  established  the  New  York  "Times," 
which  was  eminently  successful  ;  in  1852 
he  attended  the  "Baltimore  Convention" 
as  a  reporter,  but  became  a  delegate,  and 
took  an  important  part  in  its  proceedings  ; 
in  1856  he  became  a  leader  in  the  Republi 


can  party ;  was  subsequently  chosen  Lieu- 
tenant-Governor  of  New  York;  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Convention" 
of  1860;  was  again  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Appropriations,  on  Rides, 
and  Foreign  Affairs;  and  as  Chairman  of 
a  Special  Committee  on  the  Ventilation 
of  the  Hall  of  Representatives.  Ho  visit 
ed  Europe  a  second  time,  and  wrote  a 
series  of  war  letters,  which  attracted 
much  attention ;  and  in  1865  he  published 
a  "Life  of  Abraham  Lincoln,"  including  a 
history  of  his  administration,  which  was 
subsequently  amplified  and  published  as 
the  "Life,  Public  Services,  and  State 
Papers  of  Abraham  Lincoln."  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National 
Convention"  of  18G6. 

Rayner,  Kenneth.—  Bora  in  Bertie 
County,  North  Carolina,  in  1808 ;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education ;  and, 
though  he  studied  law,  he  did  not  prac 
tise.  He  entered  public  life,  in  1835,  as  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and 
the  same  year  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  to  revise  the  State  Constitution. 
He  served  again  in  the  local  Legisla 
ture  in  1836  and  1838,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1839  to  1845, 
and  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1818.  In 
1846  he  went  for  the  third  time  into  the 
Legislature.  In  1866  he  published  the 
"Life  and  Services  of  Andrew  Johnson." 

Rea,  John.  —  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1803  to  1811,  and  again  from  1813  to  1815. 

Read,  Almon  JET.— He  was  born  in 
Shelburne,  Vermont,  June  12,  1790;  grad 
uated  at  Williamstown  College;  studied 
law,  and,  removing  to  Pennsylvania,  was 
frequently  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture;  also  to  the  Senate;  in  1840  was  ap 
pointed  Treasurer  of  the  State;  and  in 
1841  was  elected  to  fill  a  vacancy  in  the 
National  House  of  Representatives,  and 
re-elected  to  the  succeeding  Congress. 
Died  at  Montrose,  Pennsylvania,  June  3, 
1844.  He  also  was  a  member  of  the  "State 
Constitutional  Convention"  of  1836. 

Read,  George. — Born  in  Cecil  Coun 
ty,  Maryland,  in  1733,  but,  with  his  father, 
removed  to  New  Castle  County,  Delaware. 
He  was  educated  for  the  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  Philadelphia  at  the 
age  of  nineteen,  and  practised  his  profes 
sion  in  New  Castle ;  was  made  Attorney- 
General  of  the  three  lower  counties  on  the 
Delaware  in  1763,  and  held  the  office  until 
he  was  chosen  a  Delegate  to  Congress  in 
1775.  In  1776  he  was  a  signer  of  the  Dec 
laration  of  Independence.  He  was  Pres 
ident  of  the  Convention  which  formed  the 
first  Constitution  of  Delaware,  and  also  a 


BIOGRAPHICAL 


319 


member  of  the  Convention  which  framed 
the  Federal  Constitution,  and  signed  that 
instrument;  and  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  United  States  Senate,  serving  from 
1789  to  1793.  He  was  then  appointed 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Delaware,  in  which  office  he  remained 
until  his  death,  in  1798.  He  was  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 
Government  on  the  Potomac. 

Read,  «7. — He  was  a  Delegate  from 
Pennsylvania,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  in  1787  and  1788. 

Read,  Jacob.— He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1783  to  1786;  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  for 
the  term  from  1795  to  1802,  serving  a 
short  time  as  President  pro  tern,  of  that 
body,  and  was  appointed,  by  President 
Adams,  Judge  of  the  United  States  Dis 
trict  Court  of  South  Carolina,  in  1801. 

Read,  Nathan.  —  Born  in  Essex 
County,  Massachusetts,  in  1760;  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  University  in  1781,  and 
two  years  afterwards  officiated  as  tutor  in 
that  institution.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts, 
from  1800  to  1803,  having  succeeded  S.  Sea- 
well;  and,  having  removed  to  Hallovvell, 
Maine,  was  for  many  years  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Common  Pleas.  He  was  devoted 
to  science,  and  a  petitioner  for  a  patent 
for  an  invention,  before  the  patent  laws 
were  enacted;  and,  before  the  time  of 
Fulton's  experiments,  he  had  tried  the 
effect  of  steam  upon  a  boat  in  Wenham 
Pond.  He  died  at  Hallowell,  January  20, 
1849. 

Read,  TJiomas  B,—  He  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi,  from 
1826  to  1827,  and  also  during  the  session 
of  1829,  and  died  suddenly  on  his  way  to 
Washington,  at  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
November  26,  1829.  He  was  in  the  me 
ridian  of  life,  and  a  man  of  talents. 

Reade,  Edwin  G.— Born  in  Orange 
County,  North  Carolina,  November  13, 
1812;  he  had  a  liberal  education ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836, 
in  Person  County,  and  engaged  in  a  lu 
crative  practice.  He  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  in  1855,  serving 
until  1857.  He  was  a  member  and  Presi 
dent  of  the  "  Reconstruction  Convention," 
held  in  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  in  1865.  ' 

Ready,  Charles. —"Born  at  Ready- 
vine,  Rutherford  County,  Tennessee,  De 
cember  22,  1802.  He  graduated  at  Green 
ville  College,  and  received  from  the  Nash 
ville  University  the  degree  of  Master  of 
Arts.  He  was  bred  a  lawyer,  and  has 
practised  his  profession  with  success.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  Legisla 


ture  in  1835,  and  closely  identified  with 
the  organization  of  the  Judiciary.  By 
special  commission  he  has  twice  presided 
in  the  Supreme  Court  of  Tennessee,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  in  1853,  to  which  posi 
tion  he  lias  been  twice  re-elected,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  the  Judi 
ciary.  Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Reagan,  John  JET.— Born  in  Sevier 
County,  Tennessee,  October  8,  1818;  a 
lawyer  by  profession;  was  appointed 
Deputy  Surveyor  in  the  Republic  of 
Texas,  in  1840;  and  in  1843  was  a  Justice 
of  the  Peace  and  Militia  Captain  ;  in  1846, 
Probate  Judge  and  Colonel  of  Militia;  and 
elected  a  member  of  the  Legislature  in 
1847 ;  was  a  Judge  of  the  District  Court 
from  1852  to  1857,  when  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  tho  Committees  on  Indian  Affairs 
and  Expenditures  in  the  Post  Office  De 
partment.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress;  withdrew  in  February,  1861, 
and  became  Postmaster-General  of  the 
Rebel  Government.  He  was  subsequently 
confined  as  a  Prisoner  of  State  in  Fort 
Warren,  and  released  by  order  of  Presi 
dent  Johnson. 

Reding,  JoJin  R. — He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1841  to  1845.  From  1853  to  1858  he  lield 
the  office  of  Naval  Storekeeper  at  Ports 
mouth. 

Reed,  Charles  M.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Reed,  Edivard  C.—  He  was  a  native 
of  New  York;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1812;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1831 
to  1833'. 

Reed,  Isaac. — Born  in  Waldobor- 
ough,  Maine,  in  1810;  was  a  merchant  by 
occupation';  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maine,  from  1852  to  1853.  He 
served  six  years  in  the  State  Legislature; 
was  State  Treasurer  in  1856;  and  Presi 
dent  of  the  Waldoborough  Bank. 

Reed,  John.  —  Born  in  Plymouth 
County,  Massachusetts ;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1772;  was  ordained  as  a  minis 
ter  of  the  Gospel  in  1780,  and  settled  at 
West  Bridgewater,  Massachusetts.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1795  to  1801.  He  died 
February  17,  1831,  aged  eighty  years. 

Reed,  John. — He  was  a  native  of 
Bridgewater,  Massachusetts,  having  been 
born  in  1781;  was  a  graduate  of  Brown 
University,  in  1803;  a  lawyer  by  profes- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


sion ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1813  to  1817, 
and  again  from  1821  to  1841.  He  was  the 
son  of  the  foregoing,  and  was  Lieutcnant- 
Governor  of  Massachusetts  from  1844  to 
1851.  Died  at  Bridgewater,  November  25, 
1860. 

Reedy  Joseph. — Born  in  New  Jersey, 
August  27,  1741;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1757 ;  studied  law  at  the  Tem 
ple  in  London;  in  1774  he  was  one  of  the 
Committee  of  Correspondence  in  Philadel 
phia;  was  President  of  the  first  popular 
Convention  in  Pennsylvania:  accompanied 
Washington  as  an  Aid  when  he  went  to 
Cambridge,  and  remained  with  the  Gen 
eral  through  the  campaign;  in  177G  he  was 
appointed  Adjutant-General  of  the  army; 
he  was  appointed  a  General  of  Cavalry, 
but  declined  the  position,  though  he  was 
present  at  the  battle  of  Germantown.  He 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1777  to  1778,  and  a  signer  of 
the  Articles  of  Confederation ;  was  Pres 
ident  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  latter  year, 
continuing  in  the  office  until  1781,  when 
he  resumed  the  practice  of  law.  In  1784 
he  visited  England  for  his  health,  but 
without  happy  results,  and  he  died  March 
4,  1785.  An  attempt  to  bribe  him  was 
made  by  the  British,  but  it  was  treated 
with  the  utmost  scorn. 

Meed,  Philip.—  He  was  born  in  Kent 
County,  Maryland;  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Maryland,  from  1806  to 
1813,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1817  to  1819,  and  again  from  1821  to 
1823.  He  died  November  2,  1829. 

Reed,  Robert  R.—  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania ;  studied  medicine  and  prac 
tised  the  profession;  served  one  or  two 
terms  in  the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1851.  Died 
at  Harrisburg,  December  15,  1864. 

Reed,  William. — He  was  a  native 
of  Massachusetts,  an  eminent  merchant, 
and  highly  esteemed  for  his  benevolent 
and  religious  character.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  Massachusetts, 
from  1811  to  1815;  was  President  of  the 
Sabbath-school  Union  of  Massachusetts, 
and  of  the  American  Tract  Society ;  Vice- 
President  of  the  American  Education  So 
ciety  ;  a  mamber  of  the  Board  of  Visitors 
of  the  Theological  Seminary  at  Andover, 
and  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  Dart 
mouth  College.  Besides  liberal  bequests 
to  heirs  and  relatives,  he  left  $68,000  to 
benevolent  objects,  of  which  $17,000  were 
to  Dartmouth  College,  $10,000  to  Amherst 
College,  $10,000  to  the  Board  of  Commis 
sioners  for  Foreign  Missions,  $9.000  to 
the  First  Church  and  Society  in  Marble- 
head,  $7,000  to  the  Second  Congregation 
al  Church  of  Marblehead,  and  $5,000  to 


the  Library  of  the  Theological  Seminary  at 
Andover.  ile  died  at  Marbleheud.  Feb 
ruary  18, 1837,  very  suddenly,  while  attend 
ing  a  Sabbath-school  meeting. 

Reese,  David  A. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Reid,  DavidS. — Born  inRockingham 
County,  North  Carolina,  April  19,  1813. 
He  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice  in  1843;  he  was  elected  to  tlvj  State 
Legislature  in  1835,  and  served  continu 
ously  until  1842.  In  1843  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  serving  that  term;  and  was  re- 
elected  iu  1845  for  a  second  term  ;  he  was, 
in  1850,  elected  Governor  of  North  Caro 
lina,  and  re-elected  in  1852,  serving  until 
1855,  when  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  for  four  years.  lie  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Patents  and  the 
Patent  Office,  and  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Commerce.  lie  was  also  elect 
ed  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of 
1861. 

Reid,  John  W. — Was  born  in  Lynch- 
burg,  Virginia,  June  14,  1821;  received  a 
good  English  education ;  removed  to  Mis 
souri  in  1840;  studied  law  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1844;  served  with  credit  in  the 
Mexican  war  in  1846,  as  Captain  of  a  com- 
pany  of  mounted  Volunteers,  with  Colonel 
Doniphan ;  settled  in  Jackson  County, 
practising  his  profession;  served  two  ses 
sions  in  the  Missouri  Legislature ;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Missouri, 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress.  Ex 
pelled  from  the  House  in  December,  1861. 

Reid,  Robert  R.— He  was  born  in 
Beaufort  District,  South  Carolina,  in  1789 ; 
removed  early  in  life  to  Georgia;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1818  to  1823;  was  elected 
Mayor  of  Augusta,  on  his  retirement  from 
Congress;  was  also  a  Judge  of  the  Supe 
rior  Court  of  Georgia;  was  appointed,  in 
1832,  by  President  Jackson,  District  Judge 
for  Eastern  Florida;  and  was  appointed, 
by  President  Van  Buren,  Governor  of  the 
Territory  of  Florida,  from  1839  to  1841 ; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  formed  a  State  Constitution  for 
Florida,  over  which  body  he  presided  in  a 
creditable  manner.  He  died  near  Talla 
hassee,  July  1,  1844. 

Reilly,  Wilson.— Bom  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  followed  for  a  time  the  business 
of  a  hatter;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  in  1857,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Patents.  Of  late  years  he  has 
been  devoted  to  the  practice  of  law. 

Reily,    Luther.  —  He  was  born  in 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    EECOEDS. 


321 


Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1839. 

Relfe,  James  H.  —  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and,  having  settled  in  Missouri, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1843  to  1847. 

Rencher,  Abraham.— TSorn  in  Wake 

Com  tj',  K  >rth  Carolina,  and  in  1822  grad 
uated  at  the  University  of  that  State.  He 
practised  law  for  a  time,  but,  taking  an 
interest  in  politics,  was  elected  to  Con 
gress,  where  he  served  from  1829  to  1839, 
and  again  from  1841  to  1842;  Charge 
d'Affaires  to  Portugal  in  1843;  and  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  Gov 
ernor  of  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico. 

Reynolds,  Gideon.  —  He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1851. 

Reynolds,  James  B.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1815  to  1817,  and  again  from 
1823  to  1825. 

Reynolds,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  Feb 
ruary  28,  1788;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  from  1835  to 
1837,  and  again  from  1839  to  1843.  Before 
entering  Congress  he  was  Governor  of 
Illinois  from  1830  to  1834.  Died  at  Belle 
ville,  Illinois,  May  8,  18G5. 

Reynolds,  John  H.— Born  in  Mo- 
reau,  Saratoga,  County,  New  York,  June 
21,  1819 ;  received  his  education  at  the 
academies  of  Evansville,  Sandy  Hill,  and 
Kiuderhook,  New  York,  and  was  also  at 
Bennington,  Vermont;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843 ;  in  1853 
was  appointed  Postmaster  at  Albany  by 
President  Pierce,  but  removed  in  1854  for 
insubordination  as  a  party  man ;  and  in 
1858  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  the  Judiciary. 

Reynolds,  Joseph. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1837.  He  also  served  in  the  Assembly  of 
that  State  in  1819. 

Rhea,  John. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from 
1803  to  1815,  and  from  1817  to  1823.  In 
1816  he  was  appointed  United  States  Com 
missioner  to  treat  with  the  Choctaws. 
Died  May  27,  1832,  aged  seventy-nine 
years. 

Rfiett,  Robert  Barnwell.—Yie  was 
born  in  Beaufort,  South  Carolina,  Decem- 
21 


ber  24,  1800 ;  received  a  liberal  education, 
and  adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  in 
1820  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture,  and  in  1832  he  was  elected  Attorney- 
General  of  South  Carolina;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1838  to 
1847,  and  for  a  second  term  ending  in 
1849 ;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress  dur 
ing  the  years  1820,  1851,  and  a  part  of 
1852,  having  resigned  contrary  to  the 
wishes  of  his  State.  He  is  said  to  have 
been  the  first  man  who  proposed,  and  ad 
vocated,  on  the  floor  of  Congress,  a  disso 
lution  of  the  Union.  Of  late  years  he 
has  lived  wholly  retired  from  public  life 
on  an  extensive  plantation.  He  took  part 
in  the  Rebellion  of  1861,  as  a  member  of 
the  Confederate  Congress. 

Rhodes,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1774  to  1775. 

Ricaud,  James  JR.— Born  in  Balti 
more,  Maryland,  February  11,  180S;  grad 
uated  at  Washington  College,  Maryland, 
and  was  a  lawyer  by  profession;  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Delegates  of 
Maryland  in  1834,  and  of  the  State  Sen 
ate  of  Maryland  from  1836  to  1844,  in 
clusive  ;  was  an  Elector  of  President  and 
Vice-President  in  1836  and  1844;  and  a 
Representative  in  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Manufactures,  and  also  that 
for  Investigating  the  Accounts  of  a  late 
Clerk  of  the  House.  In  1864  he  resigned 
his  seat  in  the  Maryland  Senate,  and  was 
appointed  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court. 
Died  at  Chestertowu,  Maryland,  January 
24,  1866. 

Rice,  Alexander  H.— Born  in  New 
ton,  Massachusetts,  in  August,  1818;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  served 
in  his  father's  paper-mill  as  a  clerk  while 
yet  a  mere  boy;  subsequently  graduated 
at  Union  College  in  1844,  after  which  he 
entered  on  his  own  account  into  the  pa 
per  business ;  in  1853  was  elected  to  the 
Common  Council  of  Boston,  and  became 
the  President  of  that  body ;  was  Mayor  of 
Boston  in  1856  and  1857 ;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Massachusetts,  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  District  of  Columbia. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Naval  Af 
fairs,  and  on  Expenditures  in  the  Treasury 
Department.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs,  in  which 
capacity  he  introduced  a  large  number  of 
important  measures.  Also  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  tho 
Committee  on  Unfinished  Business,  and 
again  at  the  head  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  ta 
the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention." 
of  1866. 


322 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Rice,  Henri/  JET.— He  was  born  In 
Vermont,  November  29,  1816 ;  emigrated 
to  Michigan  when  it  was  a  Territory,  and 
since  that  time  has  lived  in  three  other 
Territories,  viz.,  Iowa,  Wisconsin,  and 
Minnesota, —  much  of  his  life  having  been 
spent  among  the  wild  Indian  tribes  of  the 
North- west;  in  1840  he  was  appointed  a 
Sutler  in  the  army;  has  been  employed  as 
Commissioner  in  making  many  Indian 
treaties  of  great  importance ;  in  1853  he 
was  elected  a  Delegate  to  Congress  from 
Minnesota;  re-elected  in  1855,  having 
secured  the  passage  of  the  act  authorizing 
the  people  of  Minnesota  to  form  a  State 
Constitution ;  and  in  1857  he  was  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Minnesota, 
for  the  term  of  six  years.  At  the  com 
mencement  of  the  second  session  of  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  he  was  appointed  a 
member  of  the  Committees  on  Indian 
Affairs,  and  on  Post  Offices  and  PostEoads. 
He  was  also  a  delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Rice,  John  H.—  Born  in  Mount  Ver- 
non,  Kenncbec  County,  Maine,  February 
5,  1816;  received  a  good  common-school 
education;  between  the  years  1832  and 
1833  he  held  a  variety  of  local  offices  at 
Augusta;  devoted  some  attention  to  the 
study  of  law;  served  as  a  Staff  Officer 
during  the  troubles  connected  with  the 
North-eastern  boundary ;  in  1840  was  ap 
pointed  Deputy  Sheriff  of  Kennebec  Coun 
ty;  in  1842  settled  in  Piscataquis  County, 
and  devoted  himself  to  the  lumbering 
business  until  1848 ;  subsequently  prac 
tised  law;  in  1852  was  elected  a  State  At 
torney  for  three  years ;  and,  having  been 
re-elected,  held  the  office  until  he  was 
chosen  a  Representative,  from  Maine,  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims, 
and  on  Patents.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
tlie  Committee  on  Public  Buildings  and 
Grounds,  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
the  Territories,  and  as  Chairman  of  the 
Special  Committee  on  Frontier  Defences. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
continuing  on  the  same  committees.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866.  In 
February,  1867,  he  was  appointed,  by  Pres 
ident  Johnson,  Collector  of  the  port  of 
Bangor,  Maine. 

Rice,  Thomas.— He  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1791 ;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  was  in  the  State  Legis 
lature  in  1813;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1815 
to  1819 ;  and  died  in  1854. 

Rich,  Charles.— He  was  born  in 
Hampshire  County  Massachusetts,  in 
1771,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Vermont,  from  1813  to  1815, 


and  again  from  1817  to  1824.     He  died  at 
Shoreham,  Vermont,  October  15,  1824. 

Richard,  Gabriel.— He  was  a  Ro 
man  Catholic  Priest,  and  a  man  of  learn 
ing.  He  was  born  at  Saintes,  in  F«ance, 
October  15,  1764;  was  educated  at  An- 
giers ;  received  orders  at  a  Catholic  Semi 
nary,  in  Paris,  in  1790;  came  to  America 
in  1798;  was  for  a  time  Professor  of 
Mathematics  in  St.  Mary's  College,  Mary 
land;  labored  in  Illinois  as  a  missionary; 
went  to  Detroit,  Michigan,  in  1799,  whence 
he  was  sent  as  a  Delegate  to  Congress  in 
1823.  He  died  in  Detroit,  September  13, 
1832.  During  his  ministry,  it  became  his 
duty,  according  to  the  Roman  Catholic 
religion,  to  excommunicate  one  of  his 
parishioners,  who  had  been  divorced  from 
his  wife.  The  parishioner  prosecuted  the 
priest  for  defamation  of  character,  which 
resulted  in  his  obtaining  a  verdict  of  one 
thousand  dollars.  This  money  the  priest 
could  not  pay,  and  was  consequently  im 
prisoned  in  the  common  jail;  as  he  had 
already  been  elected  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  he  went  from  his  prison  in  the  wilds 
of  Michigan  to  his  seat  on  the  floor  of 
Congress.  In  1809  he  visited  Boston,  and 
took  a  printing-press  to  Michigan,  and 
started  a  journal  called  the  "Michigan 
Essay,"  which  failed  for  the  want  of  read 
ers  ;  he  then  published  some  Roman  Cath 
olic  books,  and  the  laws  of  the  Territory, 
all  in  French;  in  1812,  after  Hull's  sur 
render,  he  was  taken  prisoner,  and,  after 
his  release,  finding  his  people  destitute, 
purchased  wheat  and  gave  it  to  the  desti 
tute.  He  wrote  several  languages,  and 
was  a  man  of  superior  ability  and  rare 
benevolence. 

Richards,  Jacob.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1803  to  1809. 

Richards,  John.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1795  to  1797. 

Richards,  JbTm.— He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1814  and 
1815;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1823  to  1825. 

Richards,  Marie.— He  was  born  in 
New  Haven,  Connecticut;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1817  to  1821.  He  was  also  a  member 
of  the  State  Legislature  for  eight  years ; 
County  Sheriff  for  five  years;  a  State 
Councillor  in  1813  and  1815 ;  and  Lieuten 
ant-Governor  of  Vermont  in  1830. 

Richards,  MattJiias.—lle  was  born 
in  1757 ;  was  a  Judge  of  Berks  County, 
Pennsylvania,  from  1788  to  1797;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1807  to  1811.  Died  in  1830. 


BIOGKAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


323 


Richardson,  John  P.  —  He  gradu 
ated  at  the  South  Carolina  College  in  1819 ; 
was  a  Judge ;  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1837  to  1840;  Governor  of 
that  State  from  1840  to  1842;  and  died  in 
South  Carolina  in  1850. 

Richardson,  John  S.  —  Bora  in 
South  Carolina  in  1777,  and  died  at 
Charleston,  May  11,  1850.  He  was  an  As 
sociate  Judge  of  the  General  Sessions,  of 
the  Common  Pleas,  and  Presiding  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals;  and  was  elected 
a  member  of  Congress  in  1820,  but,  owing 
to  some  exigency  in  his  private  affairs,  he 
was  not  qualified.  He  was  also  a  member 
of  the  State  Legislature,  and  Attorney- 
General  for  the  State  of  South  Carolina. 

Richardson,  Joseph.—  Born  at  Bil- 

lerica,  Massachusetts,  February  1,  1778 ; 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1802 ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Massachusetts,  from  1827  to  1831. 
He  was  senior  Pastor  over  the  First 
Church  at  Hingham,  Massachusetts,  for 
fifty  years. 

Richardson,  William  A.—  Born  in 
Fayette  County,  Kentucky ;  graduated  at 
the  Transylvania  University;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  before  attaining  his 
twentieth  year,  and  soon  after  settled  in 
Illinois.  In  1835  he  was  elected  State 
Attorney ;  in  1836  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature ;  in  1838  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Senate;  and  in  1844  was  again 
elected  to  the  Legislature,  and  made 
Speaker  of  the  House;  and  was  chosen  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1844.  In  1846  he 
served  as  Captain  in  the  Mexican  war,  and 
on  the  battle-field  of  Buena  Vista  was  pro 
moted  by  the  unanimous  vote  of  his  regi 
ment;  in  1847  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  where 
he  continued  to  serve,  by  re-election,  until 
1856,  when  he  resigned ;  in  1857  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  Gover 
nor  of  Nebraska,  which  he  resigned  in 
1858 ;  in  1860  he  was,  against  his  consent, 
re-elected  to  the  House  of  Representatives, 
but  before  the  expiration  of  his  term,  in 
1S63,  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Illinois,  for  the  unexpired  term  of 
his  friend,  S.  A.  Douglas,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Territories  and  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia. 

Richardson,  William  M.— He  was 

born  in  Pelham,  New  Hampshire,  January 
4,  1774,  and  graduated  at  the  University 
of  Cambridge  in  1797.  He  practised  law . 
for  a  few  years  at  Groton,  Massachusetts ; 
and  was  a  member  of  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1811  to  1814,  when  he  re 
signed.  He  removed  to  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire,  in  1814,  and  was  appointed 
Chief  Justice  in  1816;  and  he  discharged 
the  duties  of  the  office  with  high  reputa 


tion  nearly  twenty-two  years.  He  was  a 
man  of  distinguished  talents,  great  indus 
try,  and  extensive  acquirements,  and  high 
ly  respected  for  his  integrity  and  estimable 
character.  He  was  the  author  of  "The 
New  Hampshire  Justice, "avid"  The  Town 
Officer."  A  considerable  portion  of  the 
first  and  second  volumes  of  the  "New 
Hampshire  Reports  "  was  drawn  up  by  the 
Chief  Justice;  nearly  all  the  cases  of  the 
third,  fourth,  and  fifth  were  furnished  by 
him;  and  of  the  matter  for,  perhaps,  four 
volumes  more,  he  prepared  a  large  share. 
He  died  at  Chester,  New  Hampshire, 
March  23,  1838. 

Richmond,  Jonathan.  —  He    was 

born  in  Bristol,  Massachusetts,  in  1774; 
was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Western  New 
York  in  1813;  was  once  Collector  of  the 
Customs  for  the  United  States;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1819  to  1821.  He  died  in  Ca- 
yuga,  New  York,  July  29,  1853. 

Riddle,  Albert  €?.— He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-seveatu 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Revolutionary  Claims.  A  lawyer. 

Riddle,  George  Read.  — lie  was 
born  in  Newcastle,  Delaware,  in  1817; 
educated  at  Delaware  College;  studied 
engineering,  and  was  engaged  for  years  in 
locating  and  constructing  railroads  and 
canals  in  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Mary 
land,  and  Virginia,  the  last  of  which  was 
the  great  work  at  Harper's  Ferry.  After 
wards  he  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1848,  and  was  appointed  Deputy 
Attorney-General  for  his  native  county, 
which  position  he  held  until  1850,  when  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Dela 
ware,  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  and 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Roads  and 
Canals,  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Engraving,  and  also  a  Special  Com 
mittee  on  the  Peruvian  Guano  Question. 
In  1849  he  was  appointed  by  the  Governor 
of  the  State  a  Commissioner  on  the  part 
of  Delaware  to  retrace  the  celebrated 
"  Mason  and  Dixon's  line,"  the  report  of 
which  was  printed  by  the  Legislatures  of 
Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  and  Maryland 
in  1850.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  sev 
eral  "  Democratic  National  Conventions" 
of  1844,  1848,  and  1856.  In  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Dela 
ware,  for  the  term  ending  in  1869,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  the  District  of 
Columbia,  Private  Land  Claims,  Man 
ufactures,  and  Printing.  Died  in  Wash 
ington  City,  March  29,  1867.  He  was  a 
descendant  of  George  Read,  of  the  Revo 
lution. 

Ridgeley,  Henry  M .—  Born  in  1778 ; 
a  lawyer  by  profession;  and  for  many 


324 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


years  was  a  distinguished  member  of  the 
Delaware  bar.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Delaware,  from  1811  to 
1815,  and  supplied  a  vacancy  as  Senator 
in  Congress  from  1826  to  1829.  He  died 
at  his  residence  in  Dover,  Delaware, 
August  7,  1847. 

Ridgely,  Richard.—  He  was  a  Del 

egate,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1785  to  1786. 

Itidgway,  Josep7i.—He  was  born  on 
Staten  Island,  New  York,  May  6,  1783; 
received  a  limited  education  ;  and  acquired 
the  trade  of  a  house  carpenter.  In  1811 
he  emigrated  to  Cayuga  County,  New 
York,  and  devoted  himself  to  making  fan- 
niug-mills  ;  and  in  1822  settled  in  Colum 
bus,  Ohio,  and  established  an  extensive 
iron  foundry,  which  subsequently  became 
an  establishment  for  manufacturing  rail 
road  carriages.  In  1828  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature  of  Ohio,  and  re-elected  in 
1830;  and  was  a  Represensative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1837  to  1843.  He 
failed  in  business  in  1811,  and,  though  ex 
onerated  by  the  bankrupt  law,  he  thought 
proper,  in  1857,  to  pay  up  his  old  debts,  at 
the  rate  of  two  dollars  for  one  ;  and  of 
seventy  creditors  he  only  found  four  liv 
ing  ;  so  that  he  had  to  hunt  up  and  pay  the 
heirs,  which  occupied  four  months  of  his 
time. 


i  tfetur  JR.—  Born  in  Morris 
County,  New  Jersey,  June  20,  1809  ;  stud 
ied  medicine  ;  and  graduated  at  the  Bar 
clay  Street  Medical  University  of  New 
York.  In  1828  he  made  an  extensive  sea- 
voyage  over  the  world;  practised  his  pro 
fession  from  1832  to  1849;  served  two 
years  in  the  New  Jersey  Legislature; 
spent  one  or  two  years  in  charge  of  the 
hospital  at  Suiter's  Fort,  California;  in 
1855  was  elected  for  three  years  to  the 
Senate  of  New  Jersey  ;  and  in  1858  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Manufactures. 


Lewis.  —  Was  born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

ItiJcer,  Samuel*—  He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1784,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1804  to  1805,  and  again  from 
1807  to  1809. 

Binggold,  Samuel.  —  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1810  to  1815,  and  again  from  1817  to 
1821. 


zar  W.—Ke  graduated 
at  Dartmouth  College  in  1800;  studied 
law,  and  settled  in  the  District  of  Maine  ; 


was  Speaker  of  the  Massachusetts  House 
of  Representatives  in  1811;  acquitted 
himself  with  credit  as  an  officer  in  the 
last  war  with  England;  removed  to  Lou 
isiana,  whence  he  was  elected  to  Con 
gress,  serving  from  1835  to  the  time  of 
his  death,  which  occurred  at  New  Orleans, 
March  2,  1839,  aged  fifty-seven  years. 

Ripley,  James  W.—Tie  was  a  law 
yer;  served  four  years  in  the  Legislature 
of  Maine;  was  an  officer  in  the  last  war 
with  England,  and  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1826  to  1830,  when  he 
was  appointed  Collector  of  Customs  for 
the  Passamaquoddy  District  of  Maine. 
He  died  in  June,  1835. 

Ripley,  Thomas  C.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  for  the  unexpired 
term  of  R.  P.  Herrick,  resigned. 

Misley,  ElijaJi.  —  He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

Ritchey,  Thomas.— He  was?  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and,  having  settled  in  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1849,  and 
again  from  1853  to  1855. 

Ritchie,  David.— He  was  born  at 
Canonsburg,  Washington  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  August  19,  1812 ;  graduated  at 
Jefferson  College  in  1829 ;  admitted  to  the 
bar,  at  Pittsburg,  in  1835;  received  the 
degree  of  J.U.D.  from  the  University  of 
Heidelberg,  Germany,  in  1837;  and  was 
a  Representative,  from  Pittsburg,  in  the 
Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty, 
fifth  Congresses,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  After 
leaving  Congress,  he  held  the  office  of 
Judge  for  about  one  year;  and,  while  en 
gaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession, 
died  at  Pittsburg,  January  24,  1867. 

Sitter,  Bur  well  C.—  He  was  born 
in  Barren  County,  Kentucky,  January  6, 
1810;  received  a  good  English  education ; 
adopted  the  business  of  farming,  to  which 
he  has  been  devoted;  was  a  member  of 
the  Legislature  of  Kentucky  in  1843  and 
1850 ;  in  1864  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector ; 
and  in  1865  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Agriculture,  and  Expenditures  in 
the  Treasury  Department. 

Bitter,  John. — Was  born  in  Exeter 
Township, -Berks  County,  Pennsylvania, 
February  6,  1779.  He  received  such  edu 
cation  as  the  country  afforded  in  German, 
and  but  three  months  of  English  school 
ing.  At  eighteen  years  of  age  he  entered 
the  printing-office  of  the  "  Reaclinger 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


325 


Adler,"  of  which  his  father  was  half- 
owner.  This  was  at  the  issue  of  the 
second  number  of  the  paper.  In  1802  he 
bought  his  father  out,  and  continued  as 
an  editor  and  proprietor  to  conduct  the 
journal  to  the  day  of  his  death.  He  never 
sought  any  office.  An  election  to  the 
Convention  to  revise  the  Constitution  of 
Pcnns3rlvania,  in  1836,  and  to  a  seat,  from 
Pennsylvania,  in  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses,  came  to  him 
as  a  spontaneous  act  of  popular  confidence 
and  respect.  He  died  at  Beading,  Novem 
ber  24,  1851. 

Rivers,  Thomas. — He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1855  to  1857. 

Hives,  Francis  E. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1841.  Died  November  30,  1861. 

Hives,  William  C.—  He  was  born  in 
Nelson  County,  Virginia,  May  4,  1793; 
was  educated  at  Hampden  Sidney  and  Wil 
liam  and  Mary  Colleges;  studied  law  and 
politics  under  the  direction  of  Thomas 
Jefferson;  was  Aide-de-camp,  in  1814 and 
1815, with  a  body  of  Militia  andVolunteers, 
called  out  for  the  defence  of  Virginia;  and 
was  a  member,  in  1816,  of  the  "  Staunton 
Convention,"  called  to  reform  the  State 
Constitution.  He  was  elected  to  the  Leg 
islature  of  Virginia  in  1817,  1818,  and 
1819,  from  Nelson  County;  in  1822  to  the 
same  position  from  Albemarle  County;  in 
1823  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  and  he  served  for  three  succes 
sive  terms ;  in  1829  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Jackson,  Minister  to  France ;  on 
his  return,  in  1832,  he  was  elected  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  and  resigned  in  1834 ;  was 
re-elected  in  1835,  and  served  to  the  end  of 
the  term,  in  1839;  in  1840  was  elected  to 
the  Senate  for  a  third  term,  where  he  re 
mained  until  1845 ;  in  1849  he  was  a  second 
time  appointed  Minister  to  France,  and  re 
turned  in  1853,  when  he  finally  retired  from 
political  life.  He  has  also  added  to  his 
reputation  by  publishing  a  History  of  the 
"  Life  and  Times  of  James  Madison."  He 
took  part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a 
member  of  the  so-called  Confederate  Con 
gress,  having  previously  been  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of  that  year. 
In  1866  he  was  chosen  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "National  Union  Conven 
tion,"  but  did  not  take  part  in  its  proceed 
ings;  and  died  at  Charlottesville,  Va., 
April  26,  1863. 

Roane,  John.— He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1809; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1815  to  1817,  from  1827 
to  1831,  and  for  a  third  term  from  1835 
to  1837. 


Roane,  John  J. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  his 
native  State,  from  1831  to  1833. 

Roane,  John  T.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  i  n  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1809  to  1815. 

Roane,  William  IT.— Born  in  Vir 
ginia,  in  1788;  was  twice  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Executive  Council  of  that  State ; 
once  a  Delegate  to  the  General  Assembly ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  1815 
to  1817;  and  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  from  1837  to  1841.  He  died  at  Treo 
Hill,near  Richmond,  Virgiuia,May  11,1845. 

Hobble,  Reuben. — He  was  born  in 
Vermont;  and,  having  settled  in  New 
York,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Robbins,  AsJier. — Born  in  Wethers- 
field,  Connecticut,  in  1757,  and  graduated 
at  Yale  College.  He  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession;  was  United  States  District  At 
torney  in  1812;  held  many  other  impor 
tant  public  positions;  and  was  a  leading 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  Rhode  Island, 
from  1825  to  1839.  He  was  also  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Rhode  Island  Legislature  for 
many  years.  Died  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  February  25,  1845. 

Robbins,  George  R.  —  Born  near 
Allnntown,  Momnouth  County,  New  Jer 
sey,  September  24,  1812;  graduated  at  the 
Jefferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia, 
in  1837,  and  pursued  the  practice  of  medi 
cine  until  his  election  to  the  House  of 
Representatives,  from  New  Jersey,  during 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Inva 
lid  Pensions. 

Robbins,  Jr.,  «7o7m.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1849  to  1855. 

Roberdeau, Daniel. — He  was  a  Del 
egate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1777  to  1779,  and 
was  a  signer  of  the  Articles  of  Confeder 
ation. 

Roberts,  Anthony  E.  —  Born  in 
Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  October, 
1803;  but  removed  with  his  parents  to 
Lancaster  County  in  his  infancy.  He  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education,  and 
commenced  life  as  a  merchant.  In  1839 
he  was  elected  Sheriff  of  Lancaster  Coun 
ty,  and  held  the  office  till  1842.  In  1849 
he  was  appointed  by  President  Taylor, 
Marshal  of  the  Eastern  District  of  Penn 
sylvania,  and  remained  in  that  position 


326 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


until  1853,  and  collected  the  Statistics  for 
the  Seventh  Census  of  that  District.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  the  Militia. 

Roberts,  Jonathan.— Born  in  1771, 
and  early  in  the  present  century  was 
elected  to  both  branches  of  the  Legisla 
ture  of  Pennsylvania;  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  1811  to  1814,  when 
he  resigned;  and  was  an  advocate  of  the 
war  of  1812.  From  1814  to  1821  he  was  a 
Senator  of  the  United  States ;  and  in  1841 
he  was  appointed  Collector  of  the  port 
of  Philadelphia  by  President  Harrison. 
He  died  in  Philadelphia,  July,  1854. 

Roberts,  Robert  W. — He  was  born 
in  Delaware,  and,  having  settled  in  Mis 
sissippi,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847. 

Robertson,  George, — Born  in  Mer 
cer  County,  Kentucky,  November  18, 
1790,  and  completed  his  education  in 
Transylvania  University.  He  studied  law, 
and  commenced  practice  in  1809.  In 
1816  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  and  served  from  1817  to  1821. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  and 
Speaker  of  the  House  four  sessions,  end 
ing  in  1827.  In  1828  he  was  Secretary  of 
State,  and  the  same  year  chosen  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  and  in  1829  com 
missioned  Chief  Justice  of  Kentucky, 
which  position  he  resigned  in  1843,  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Lexington 
in  1835.  He  was  Professor  of  Law  in 
Transylvania  University  for  twenty-three 
years.  He  repeatedly  declined  important 
offices,  including  missions  to  Colombia 
and  Peru. 

Robertson,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1834  to 
1839. 

Robertson,  Thomas  It. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Louisi 
ana,  from  1S12  to  1818,  having  been  the 
first  member  elected  under  the  State  Con 
stitution. 

Robertson,  William  JET.—  He  was 

born  in  Bedford,  Westchester  County,  New 
York,  October  10,  1823 ;  received  an  aca 
demical  education  in  that  town ;  studied 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1847,  at 
Poughkeepsie ;  in  1848  he  was  elected  to 
the  Assembly,  and  re-elected  in  1849 ;  in 
1854  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate ; 
in  185G  he  was  elected  for  four  years 
Judge  of  Westchester  County ;  re-elected 
in  1859  and  also  in  18G3,  —  serving  eleven 
years  in  all ;  in  I860  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Baltimore 


Convention  of  18G4,  which  re-nominated 
President  Lincoln ;  and  in  1SG6  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Commerce,  and  Revolu 
tionary  Claims.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  State  Republican  Convention  "of 
1867. 

Robinson,  Christopher.— Ho  was 

born  in  Rhode  Island;  graduated  at 
Brown  University  in  1825,  and  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  was  Attorney- 
General  of  Rhode  Island.  He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Rhode  Island,  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  the  Ju 
diciary,  and  also  on  the  Special  Com 
mittee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious 
States.  In  18G1  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Lincoln,  Minister  to  Pern,  and 
he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention,"  held  iu  Philadelphia  in  1866. 

Robinson,   Edward.  —  He  was   a 

ship-master  and  merchant;  served  two 
years  in  the  Maine  Senate ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  dur 
ing  the  years  1838  and  1839.  In  1840  he 
was  a  Presidential  Elector ;  and  died  Feb 
ruary  20,  1857,  aged  sixty-one  years. 

Robinson,  James  C. — Was  born  in 
Edgar  County,  Illinois,  in  1822 ;  served  as 
a  private  in  the  Mexican  war ;  studied  law 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1854 ;  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Illinois,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gresses,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Mileage,  and  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Expenditures  in  the  State 
Department.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention  "  of  18GG ;  and  in  1867  he  was 
appointed  a  Commissioner  to  settle  the 
war  claims  of  Indiana. 

Robinson,  John  £.— He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1817  to 
1853.  In  1857  he  was  appointed  United 
States  Marshal  for  the  District  of  In 
diana,  by  President  Buchanan,  which 
office  he  held  until  his  death,  March  21, 
1860. 

Robinson,  John  M.~ He  was  born 
in  1793,  and  was  one  of  the  early  settlers 
of  Illinois,  and  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  that  State.  He  was  a 
Senator  in  Congress  from  1830  to  1842, 
and  died  at  Ottawa,  Illinois,  April  26, 
1843. 

Robinson,  Jonathan.— lie  was  ap 
pointed  Chief  Justice  of  Vermont  in 
1801,  in  the  place  of  Judge  Smith,  who 
resigned ;  and  in  1806  was  elected  to  suc 
ceed  Mr.  Smith  as  Senator  in  Congress, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


327 


serving  from  1807  to  1815.  He  died  at 
Benuiugton,  November  3, 18 ID,  aged  sixty- 
four. 

Robinson,  Moses.  — He  was  edu 
cated  at  Dartmouth  College;  served  iu 
the  Legislature  of  Vermont;  and  was 
Governor  of  that  State  from  1789  to 
1790.  lie  was  a  Member  of  the  Senate 
of  the  United  States,  from  Vermont, 
under  the  administration  of  Wash 
ington,  from  1791  to  1796,  when  he 
resigned.  He  was  one  of  the  minority 
who  were  opposed  to  the  ratification  of 
Jay's  Treaty.  He  died  at  Benniugton, 
May  26,  1813,  aged  seventy-two. 

Robinson,  Orville.—He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845.  He  also  served  four  years  in  the 
Assembly  of  New  York,  from  Oswego 
County. 

Robinson,    Thomas.  —  He   was   a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Dela 
ware,  from  1839  to  1841,  and  died  in  Sus 
sex  County,  of  that  State,  October  28, 
1843. 

Robinson,  William  E.— He  was  born 
near  Cookstovvn,  Tyrone  County,  Ireland, 
May  6,  1814 ;  received  a  good  English  and 
classical  education ;  emigrated  to  this 
country  in  1836;  entered  Yale  College, 
and  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  in  1841 ; 
was  a  student  for  two  years  at  the  Yale 
Law  School ;  between  the  years  1838  and 
1844  he  was  a  frequent  writer  for  the 
New  York  "  Herald ;  "  during  the  latter 
year  he  became  identified  with  the  New 
York  "Tribune,"  signing  his  communica 
tions  "  Richelieu;  "  in  1848-'49  he  became 
identified  as  editor  with  a  weekly  paper 
called  "  The  People ;  "  in  1859  he  visited 
his  native  land,  and  the  Continent  of 
Europe ;  practised  law  in  New  York  from 
1853  to  18(>2;  in  1862  he  was  appointed 
United  States  Assessor  of  Internal  Reve 
nue  for  the  City  of  Brooklyn,  and  in  1866 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Foreign  Af 
fairs,  and  Expenses  in  the  Treasury  De 
partment.  In  addition  to  his  extensive 
writings  on  the  politics  of  his  country, 
published  in  a  great  variety  of  journals, 
he  has  occasionally  delivered  addresses 
on  literary  topics,  and  is  also  the  author 
of  a  number  of  poems  which  have  be 
come  popular  with  the  people. 

Robison,  David  F. — He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1855  to  1857. 

Rochester,    William  B. —  He  was 

born  in  Washington  County,  Maryland, 
and  was  a  man  of  legal  acquirements, 


much  respected  for  his  abilities,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1821  to  1S23.  He  subsequent 
ly  held  the  office  of  Circuit  Judge  in  New 
York,  but  resigned  to  compete  with  De- 
witt  Clinton  for  the  office  of  Governor. 
He  was  lost,  with  many  others,  off  the 
coast  of  North  Carolina,  by  the  explosion 
of  the  steamer  Pulaski,  June  15,  1838. 

Rockhill,  William.—  Re  was  born 
in  New  Jersey,  and,  having  settled  in  In 
diana.  was  elected  a  Repi'esentative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1849. 

Rockwell,  John  A.—  Born  in  Nor 
wich,  Connecticut,  in  1804  ;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1822;  studied  law, 
which  he  practised  with  ability  and  suc 
cess;  was  twice  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  ;  was  at  one  time  Judge  of  the 
County  Court  for  New  London  County; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Connecticut,  from  1845  to  to  1849, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Claims.  He  subsequently  practised  in 
the  Court  of  Claims,  and  was  the  author 
of  a  work  on  Spanish  law.  Died  in  Wash 
ington,  of  apoplexy,  February  10,  1861. 


RocJuvell,  Julius.—  T&orn  at  Cole- 
brook,  Litchfleld  County,  Connecticut, 
April  26,  1805.  Entered  Yale  College  iu 
1822,  and  graduated  in  1826;  studied  law 
at  the  New  Haven  Law  School,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Litchfield  County, 
in  1829,  commencing  practice  in  1830,  at 
Pittsfleld,  Massachusetts.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
of  Massachusetts  from  1834  to  1838,  and 
was  Speaker  from  1835  to  1838,  and  in 
that  year  was  appointed  Bank  Commis 
sioner,  and  held  the  office  three  years. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1847  to  1851,  and  United  States 
Senator  for  two  sessions,  by  appoint 
ment,  from  1854  to  1855,  to  succeed  Mr. 
Everett.  In  1853  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  to  revise  the  Constitution  of 
Massachusetts  ;  a  Presidential  Elector  iu 
1856;  and  in  1858  was  again  elected  to  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  that  State. 
In  1859  he  was  made  a  Judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  Massachusetts. 

Rodman,  William.—  Born  in  Ben- 
salem,  Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania,  Oc 
tober  7,  1757,  his  parents  being  of  the 
Society  of  Friends.  He  received  a  liberal 
education;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
War  as  a  soldier;  under  the  call  from 
Washington,  he  raised  and  commanded  a 
company,  during  the  "  Whiskey  Insurrec 
tion"  in  Western  Pennsylvania;  he  was 
for  many  years  in  the  Legislature  of  his 
native  State  ;  and  he  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1811  to  1813.  He 
died  at  the.  place  of  his  birth,  July  27, 
1824. 


328 


BIOGEAPHIOAL    EECOEDS. 


Rodney,  Ccesar.—Ke  was  born  in 
Dover,  Kent  County,  Delaware,  in  1730; 
received  a  liberal  education ;  he  was  High 
Sheriff,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  a  Judge 
in  his  native  County;  in  1762  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  serving 
several  years,  and  as  Speaker  in  17G9; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  New  York  Congress 
in  1765 ;  was  a  Delegate,  from  Delaware, 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  1774  to 
1778,  and  in  1783;  was  a  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence ;  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Delaware;  also  served  for  a  time  as 
General  of  Militia ;  and  was  President  of 
the  State  of  Delaware.  Died  in  1783.  A 
son  of  his  was  subsequently  a  member  of 
the  Federal  Congress. 

Rodney,  Caesar  A.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Delaware, 
from  1803  to  1805.  He  was  appointed 
Attorney-General  of  the  United  States  by 
President  Jefferson;  and  in  1812  com 
manded  a  company  of  Volunteers  in  de 
fence  of  Baltimore;  again  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Delaware,  from 
1819  to  1821 ;  and  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  from  1821  to  1823,  in  which  year 
he  was  appointed  United  States  Minister 
to  Buenos  Ayres,  where  he  died  June  10, 
1824. 

Rodney,  Daniel.— He  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1809 ;  Governor  of  Del 
aware  from  1814  to  1817;  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  the  State  of  Delaware, 
from  1822  to  1823,  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  from  1826  to  1827.  Died  September 
2, 1846,  aged  seventy-five  years. 

Rodney,  George  B. — He  was  born 
in  Delaware;  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1820,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  his  native  State,  from 
1841  to  1845.  He  was  a  Delegate,  in 
1861,  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of  Wash 
ington. 

Rodney,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Delaware,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1781  to  1783,  and  from 
1785  to  1787. 

Rogers,  Andrew  J.—  He  was  born 
in  Hamburg,  Sussex  County,  New  Jersey, 
July  1,  1828;  received  a  limited  educa 
tion  ;  spent  the  most  of  his  youth  as  an 
assistant  in  a  hotel  and  in  a  country  store ; 
taught  school  for  two  years  and  a  half, 
during  which  time  he  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852 ;  and  in 
1862  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Public  Expenditures.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Judiciary,  Expenses  in 
the  Post  Office  Department,  and  Recon 
struction. 


Rogers,  Charles. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845.  He  also  served  in  tlie  Assembly  of 
New  York,  from  Washington  County,  in 
1833  and  1837. 

Rogers,  Edward. — lie  was  born  in 
Connecticut;  received  a  classical  educa 
tion,  studied  law,  and  settled  in  Madison 
County,  New  York.  He  was  for  many 
years  County  Judge;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1843  to  1845.  He  died  in  Galway, 
Saratoga  County,  New  York,  May  23, 
1857,  aged  seventy  years. 

Rogers,  James. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina;  graduated  at  the  Univer 
sity  of  that  State  in  1813;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1835  to  1837,  and  again  from  1839  to  1843. 

Rogers,  John.— He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Maryland,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1775  to  1776. 

Rogers,  Sion  H. — He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1853  to  1855. 

Rogers,  Thomas  J. — He  was  born 
in  Waterford,  Ireland,  and  came  to  this 
country  when  three  years  of  age ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1818  tol824,  a  part  of  the 
time  for  the  unexpired  term  of  John  Ross, 
and  died  in  New  York  City,  December  7, 
1832,  aged  fifty-one  years. 

Rollins,  Edward  IT.— He  was  born 
in  Somersworth,  now  Rolliugford,  Straf- 
ford  County,  New  Hampshire,  October  8, 
1824;  received  an  academical  education, 
and  for  a  short  time  taught  school ;  was 
devoted  for  several  years  to  mercantile 
pursuits,  first  as  a  clerk  and  then  as  an 
apothecary;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  in  1855,  1856,  and  1857,  serv 
ing  as  Speaker  during  the  last  two  years ; 
was  chosen  Chairman  of  the  State  Repub 
lican  Committee  in  1856,  which  position 
he  held  until  he  entered  Congress ;  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  Hampshire, 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia;  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Accounts.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  continuing  at 
the  head  of  the  same  Committee  and  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Public  Expend 
itures.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
National  Committee  appointed  to  accom 
pany  the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to 
Illinois;  and  a  Delegate  to  the  Phil0- 
delphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  186G. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KECOXDS. 


Rollins,  James  Sidney.  —Was  horn 
in  Madison  County,  Kentucky,  April  19, 
1812;  graduated  at  the  State  University 
of  Indiana,  at  Bloomington,  in  1830; 
studied  law,  and  graduated  at  the  Tran 
sylvania  Law  School,  in  Kentucky,  in 
1833;  and  soon  afterwards  settled  in 
Boone  County,  Missouri.  In  1838  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  re- 
elected  in  1840  and  1842 ;  in  1846  lie  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  served 
four  years;  in  1854  he  was  again  elected 
to  the  Legislature ;  in  1857  he  was  de 
feated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  Governor 
by  two  hundred  and  thirty  votes,  —  one 
hundred  thousand  having  been  polled,  — 
though  many  thought  him  legally  elected ; 
in  1860  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Missouri,  to  •  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Commerce  and  on  Expenditures  in  the 
War  Department.  He  was  re-elected  in 
1862  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  en  the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Roman,  James  !>.— He  was  born  in 
Maryland  ;  was  educated  a  lawyer;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  on  two  occasions ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1847  to  1849.  He  is  at 
the  present  time  President  of  the  Hagers- 
towu  Bank.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  "Peace  Congress"  of  1861.  Died  in 
Maryland,  January  19,  1867. 

Roosevelt,  James  I.— Born  in  the 
City  of  New  York,  December,  1796;  was 
educated  at  Columbia  College;  studied 
law  with  Peter  Augustus  Jay,  and  was  for 
several  years  his  partner.  In  1835  and 
1840  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature,  and  in  1842  and  1843  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  New  York 
City.  He  declined  a  re-election,  and  went 
abroad  in  1843.  On  his  return  he  retired 
from  the  practice  of  law  to  private  life ; 
but  was  induced  to  accept  the  appoint 
ment  of  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State  in  1851.  He  was  also  for  sev 
eral  years  in  early  life  a  member  of  the 
city  government. 

Root,  Erastus. —  Born  in  Hebron, 
Connecticut,  March  16,  1772;  graduated 
al;  Dartmouth  College  in  1793;  after  which 
ho  taught  school  for  some  time,  and  then 
studied  law  and  settled  in  Delaware 
County,  New  York,  in  1796.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  the  Assembly  eleven 
years  ;  Spe;ri\er  of  the  House  three  years ; 
State  Senator  eight  years ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1803  to  1805, 
and  from  1809  to  1817  when  he  resigned, 
in  which  year  he  was  appointed  Post 
master  at  Delhi,  New  York,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  Congress  from  1831  to  1833.  In 
1822  he  was  chosen  Lieutenant-Governor 


of  the  State,  and  he  was  also  Major-Gen 
eral  of  Militia.  He  died  in  New  York  City, 
December  24,  1846.  His  intellect  and 
tastes  were  highly  cultivated. 

Root,  Jesse. — Born  at  Northampton, 
Massachusetts,  January,  1737;  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1756;  preached 
about  three  years,  and  then  studied  law; 
settled  in  Hartford,  Connecticut.  He 
took  part  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1778  to  1783;  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  in  1789,  and 
was  Chief  Justice  from  1796  until  his  res 
ignation  in  1807.  He  died  March  29, 
1822. 

Root,  Joseph  M.—  Born  in  Cayuga, 
New  York,  October  7,  1817;  read  law  at 
Auburn,  and  removed  to  Ohio  in  1829; 
was  appointed  Prosecuting  Attorney  in 
that  State ;  in  1840  chosen  to  the  State 
Senate ;  and  served  as  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1845  to  1851.  He  was 
for  a  time  Chairman  of  the  Committees  on 
the  Post  Office  and  Expenditures  in  the 
Treasury  Department.  He  was  also  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1860,  and  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention  "  of  1866. 

Rose,  Robert  L. — Born  at  Geneva, 
New  York,  October  12, 1804;  was  a  farmer 
by  occupation;  has  held  the  office  of 
Supervisor  for  the  town  of  Allen's  Hill ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1847  to  1851. 

Rose,  Robert  S. — He  was  born  in 
Henrico  County,  Virginia;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  the 
State  of  New  York,  from  1823  to  1827,  and 
again  from  1829  to  1831.  He  died  at 
Waterloo,  New  York,  November  24,  1835, 
aged  sixty-three  years. 

Ross,  David. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Maryland,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1786  to  1787. 

Ross,  Edmund  G.— He  was  born  in 
Wisconsin;  received  a  good  English  edu 
cation,  and,  having  commenced  life  as  a 
printer,  and  been  Foreman  in  the  office  of 
the  "  Milwaukie  Sentinel,"  soon  became  an 
editor  in  his  native  State ;  on  the  break 
ing  out  of  the  troubles  in  Kansas  in  1856, 
he  removed  to  that  State,  and  took  an 
active  part  in  its  local  affairs ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  "Kansas  Constitutional  Con 
vention  "  of  1859 ;  from  that  time  until 
1861  he  served  in  the  State  Legislature; 
enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  in  a  Kansas 
regiment  during  the  Rebellion,  attaining 
the  rank  of  Major;  and  subsequently  be 
came  the  associate  editor  of  the  "  Law 
rence  Tribune."  In  July,  1866,  he  was 
appointed  by  the  Governor  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Kansas,  for  the  uuexpired 


330 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


terra  of  James  H.  Lane,  deceased ;  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Pensions, 
Indian  Affairs,  and  Printing.  In  January, 
1867,  his  appointment  to  the  Senate  was 
confirmed  by  the  Legislature,  his  terra 
expiring  in  1871,  and  he  was  made  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Enrolled  Bills. 

Ross,  George. — Born  in  New  Castle, 
Delaware,  in  1730;  he  acquired  a  classical 
education  under  his  father's  roof;  studied 
law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1751 ;  settled 
in  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania;  in  1768  he 
was  elected  to  the  Colonial  Legislature ; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  from  1774  to  1777;  was  one  of  the 
signers  of  the  Declaration  of  Indepen 
dence  ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  Colonial 
Convention  that  commenced  the  new  gov 
ernment;  Chairman  of  the  Committee  that 
formed  the  organization  of  the  State  gov 
ernment;  in  1779  he  was  appointed  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Admiralty  for  Pennsyl 
vania,  but  died  in  July  of  that  year  from 
an  attack  of  gout.  He  was  a  profound 
lawyer,  and  an  earnest  patriot. 

Moss,  Henry  H.—  He  was  born  in 
Essex  County,  New  York,  and  graduated 
at  Columbia  College,  New  York,  in  1808 ; 
studied  law  and  practised  the  profession 
in  Essex,  Essex  County,  New  York,  for 
fifty  years ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1825  to  1827. 
He  was  County  Judge  of  Essex  County  in 
1847  and  1848 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1848,  heading  the  State  ticket,  and  of 
ficiating  as  President  of  the  Electoral  Col 
lege.  He  died  September  13,  1862.  He 
was  distinguished  for  his  ability,  elo 
quence,  dignity,  and  high  character. 

Ross,  James. — Born,  about  the  year 
1761,  in  Pennsylvania.  He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  that  formed  the  Constitution 
of  Pennsylvania,  in  1790.  He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1794  to  1803,  serving  during  one  session 
as  President  pro  tern,  of  that  body,  and 
died  at  his  residence,  near  Pittsburg, 
November  27,  1847. 

Ross,  John. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1809  to  1811,  and  again  from  1815  to  1818, 
having  resigned. 

Ross,  Lewis  W. — He  was  born  in 
Seneca  County,  New  York,  December  8, 
1812;  removed  with  his  father  to  Illinois 
when  a  boy;  was  educated  at  the  Illinois 
College;  adopted  the  profession  of  law. 
In  1840  and  1844  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1848;  and  a  Delegate  in  1860  to 
the  Charleston  and  Baltimore  Conven 
tions.  In  1861  was  elected  to  the  "  State 
Constitutional  Convention ;  "  and  in  1842 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Illi 


nois,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Indian 
Affairs;  and  also  re-elected  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  additional 
Committee  on  Agriculture. 

Ross,  Thomas. — He  was  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1825 ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1853. 

Ross,  Thomas  R.—IIe  was  born  in 
Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1819  to  1825. 

Rousseau,  Lovell  H. — He  was  born 
near  Stanford,  Lincoln  County,  Kentucky, 
August  4,  1818,  to  which  place  his  father 
had  emigrated  from  Virginia;  was  chiefly 
educated  by  himself,  acquiring  a  good 
English  education,  and,having adopted  the 
profession  of  law,  practised  it  with  success 
in  Indiana,  to  which  he  removed  in  1841. 
He  was  elected  for  three  years  to  the  Leg 
islature  of  Indiana,  and  for  three  years  to 
the  Senate  of  the  State;  served  through 
the  war  with  Mexico  as  a  Captain,  and 
was  present  at  Buena  Vista;  in  1850  he 
returned  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  where 
he  subsequently  resided.  In  1860  he  was 
elected  by  both  political  parties  to  the  Sen 
ate  of  Kentucky,  and,  after  serving  through 
the  stormy  session  of  1861,  resigned  his 
seat,  and  asked  for  permission  to  raise 
troops  for  the  war.  In  June  of  that  year 
he  was  commissioned  a  Colonel  of  Volun 
teers,  and  in  July  was  in  camp  with  four 
companies;  in  October,  1861,  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Brigadier-General,  was  present 
at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and  reported  for 
gallantry;  was  also  in  the  battle  of  Perry - 
ville,  and  for  his  "distinguished  gallantry 
and  good  service"  there,  was,  in  Octo 
ber,  1862,  appointed  a  Major-General.  He 
was  also  in  the  advance  upon  Corinth 
after  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and  in  the  battle 
of  Stone  River,  and  many  smaller  engage 
ments.  He  conducted,  in  1864,  a  highly 
important  and  successful  raid  into  the 
hearb  of  Alabama,  and  defended  Fortress 
Rosecrans  with  eight  thousand  men  dur 
ing  the  siege  of  Nashville.  In  1865  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Ken 
tucky,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Military  Affairs, 
and  on  Roads  and  Canals.  He  was  also 
one  of  the  Representatives  designated  by 
the  House  to  attend  the  funeral  of  General 
Scott,  in  1866.  In  June,  1866,  he  made  a 
personal  assault  on  J.  B.  Grinnell,  a  fel 
low-member  of  the  House,  for  words 
spoken  in  debate ;  and  although  the  com 
mittee  appointed  to  investigate  the  sub 
ject  reported  a  resolution  to  expel,  the 
House  adopted  the  minority  report  to  rep 
rimand  him  for  violating  the  privileges  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    11ECORDS. 


331 


the  House;  whereupon  he  resigned  his 
seat  as  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  but  was  re-elected  during 
the  subsequent  recess  to  the  same  Con 
gress,  serving  again  on  the  Committees 
on  Military  Affairs,  and  Roads  and  Canals. 
In  April,  1867,  he  was  appointed  a  Briga 
dier-General  in  the  regular  army  ;  and 
was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  New  Terri 
tory  of  Alaska. 

Roivan,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  in  1773  ;  emigrated  to  Ken 
tucky  when  quite  young  ;  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  which  formed  the 
Constitution  of  1799  ;  he  was  Secretary  of 
State  in  1804;  elected  a  member  of  Con 
gress  from  1807  to  1809  ;  for  many  years 
a  member  of  the  General  Assembly  ;  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals  in  1819;  and  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1825  to  1831. 
His  last  public  position  was  that  of  Com 
missioner  for  carrying  out  a  late  treaty 
with  Mexico.  He  died  in  Louisville,  Ken 
tucky,  July  13,  1843. 

Howe,  Peter.  —  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1853  to  1855. 

Roi/ce,  Homer  E.  —  He  was  born  in 
Berkshire,  Vermont,  in  1819;  received  a 
common-school  education;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842  ;  was 
a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1846 
and  1847  ;  was  Prosecuting  Attorney  for 
the  State  in  1848;  a  State  Senator  in  1849, 
1850,  and  1851;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Vermont  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Foreign  Afl'airs.  He 
was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
same  committee  ;  and  he  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention  " 
of  1866. 


i,,  Thomas.—  Born  in  Edge- 
combe  County,  North  Carolina;  graduated 
at  Chapel  Hill  University  ;  is  a  lawyer  by 
profession,  and  served  as  Circuit  Attorney 
of  the  Seventh  Judicial  Circuit  of  the 
State  of  Missouri,  from  December,  1844, 
to  December,  1848;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  North  Carolina,  to 
the  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty- 
fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Public 
Lands,  on  Accounts,  and  on  the  Militia. 
He  took  part  in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a 
member  of  the  Rebel  Congress,  having 
previously  been  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace 
Congress  "of  1861.  He  also  served  as  a 
Colonel  in  the  Southern  army,  and,  from 
the  effects  of  a  wound,  died  at  Alexandria, 
Virginia,  in  October,  1863. 

Ruggles,  Benjamin.  —  Born  in 
Windham  County,  Connecticut.  He  ob 
tained  the  means  for  receiving  a  classical 


education  by  teaching  a  school  in  winter. 
He  studied  law,  and  afte'r  his  admission  to 
the  bar  removed  to  Marietta,  Ohio;  he 
subsequently  settled  at  St.  Clairsville; 
and  in  1810  was  elected  President  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the 
Third  Circuit.  He  was  elected,  by  the 
Legislature,  a  Senator  of  the  United  States 
from  Ohio,  serving  from  1815  to  1833 ;  and 
from  his  well-known  habits  of  industry, 
and  constant  devotion  to  the  interests  of 
his  constituents,  he  was  called  "  The 
Wheolhorse  of  the  Senate."  From  his| 
youth  he  was  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity.  In  1837  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector.  He  died  at  St.  Clairsville,  Sep 
tember  2,  1857,  aged  seventy-four  years. 
He  served  on  many  of  the  most  important 
committees. 

Ruggles,  Charles  If.— lie  was  born 
in  Litchtleld  County,  Connecticut,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in 
1820 ;  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1821  to  1823,  and  also 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New 
York. 

Ruggles,  John. — Born  in  Westboro', 
Massachusetts;  was  well  educated,  but 
possessed  a  taste  for  the  mechanic  arts ; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Maine,  from  1835  to  1841,  and  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Commerce.  He 
took  a  special  interest  in,  and  was  the 
originator,  when  in  Congress,  of  the  idea 
of  a  reorganization  of  the  Patent  Office ; 
and  the  very  first  patent  granted  after  the 
reorganization,  July  28,  1836,  was  granted 
to  him  for  a  locomotive  steam-engine. 
He  was  nine  times  elected  to  the  Maine 
Legislature,  and  officiated  as  Speaker 
three  years ;  and  from  1835  to  1841  was 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 

Ruggles,  Nathaniel.  —  He   was   a 

native  of  Massachusetts ;  graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1781 ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1813  to  1819,  and  died  at 
Roxbury,  Massachusetts,  December  19th 
of  the  latter  year,  at  the  age  of  fifty-eight 
years. 

Rumsey,  Benjamin.  —  He   was  a 

Delegate,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress  from  1776  to  1778. 

Rumsey,  Jr., David. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1851. 

Rumsej/t  Edward. — He  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1839. 

RunJc,  John. — He  was  born  in  New 
Jersey ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1841 ; 


332 


and  a  Eepresentative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1845  to  1847. 

Rush,  Benjamin.— Horn  in  Bristol, 
Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania,  December 
24,  1745 ;  was  educated  chiefly  at  Prince 
ton  College;  studied  medicine  for  six 
years,  and  then  attended  lectures  at  the 
Edinburgh  University;  practised  in  the 
hospitals  of  London,  and  completed  his 
studies  in  Paris ;  on  his  return  he  was  at 
once  appointed  a  Professor  in  a  medical 
institution  in  Philadelphia;  he  was  an 
earnest  advocate  of  the  cause  of  liberty; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1776  and  1777;  and  a  signer  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Convention  called  to 
ratify  the  Federal  Constitution,  and  sub 
sequently  held  the  post  of  Cashier  of  the 
United  States  Mint.  On  retiring  from 
political  life  he  devoted  his  whole  atten 
tion  to  his  profession,  and  was  a  Profes 
sor  in  various  important  institutions ; 
and,  as  a  high  officer,  took  an  active  part 
in  the  Society  for  the  Abolition  of 
Slavery,  the  Philadelphia  Bible  Society, 
the  Philadelphia  Medical  Society,  and 
the  American  Philosophical  Society. 
Among  his  numerous  writings  were 
"  Medical  Inquiries  and  Observations," 
and  a  "  History  of  the  Yellow  Fever." 
Died  April  19,  1813,  and  is  remembered 
as  one  of  the  leading  medical  men  of  his 
time.  He  was  the  father  of  Richard  Rush, 
for  many  years  Minister  to  England  and 
France,  and  also  Secretary  of  the  Treas 
ury  under  President  J.  Q.  Adams. 

Rusk,  Thomas  J. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  studied  law,  and  practised 
with  success  in  Georgia.  In  the  early  part 
of  1835  he  removed  to  Texas,  and  was  a 
prominent  actor  in  all  the  important  events 
in  the  history  of  the  Republic  and  the  State 
of  Texas.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
vention  that  declared  Texas  an  indepen 
dent  Republic,  in  March,  1836 ;  was  the  first 
Secretary  of  War ;  participated  in  the  bat 
tle  of  San  Jacinto,  and  took  command  of 
the  army  after  General  Houston  was 
wounded.  He  continued  in  command  of 
the  army  until  the  organization  of  the  Con 
stitutional  Government,  in  October,  1836, 
when  he  was  again  appointed  Secretary  of 
War,  and  resigned  after  a  few  months.  He 
afterwards  commanded  several  expedi 
tions  against  the  Indians;  served  as  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Representatives, 
and  as  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court,  which  last  office  he  resigned  early 
in  1842.  In  1845  he  was  President  of  the 
Convention  that  consummated  the  annex 
ation  of  Texas  to  the  United  States.  Upon 
the  admission  of  Texas  into  the  Union,  in 
1845,  he  was  elected  one  of  the  Senators 
in  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  in 
which  office  he  served  two  terms,  and  was 
elected  for  the  third  term,  ending  in  1863. 
He  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 


the  Post  Office.  He  took  a  deep  interest 
in  the  wagon-road  to  the  Pacific,  and  the 
overland  mail.  At  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  Nacogdoches,  Texas, 
July  29.  1856,  he  was  President  pro  tern. 
of  the  Senate.  In  a  moment  of  insanity, 
caused  by  overwhelming  grief  at  the 
death  of  his  wife,  he  took  his  own  life, 
aged  fifty-four. 

Russ,  John. — He  was  a  native  of  Ips 
wich,  Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 
from  1819  to  1823.  He  died  at  Hartford, 
Connecticut,  June  22,  1832,  aged  sixty- 
eight  years. 

Russell,  David.— HQ  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1835 
to  1841,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Claims.  He  was  also  in  the 
Assembly  of  that  State,  in  1816  and  1830, 
from  Washington  County,  and  District 
Attorney  for  Northern  New  York.  Died  at 
Salem,  Washington  County,  New  York, 
November  24,  1861,  aged  sixty-one  years. 

Russell,  James  M. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1842  to 
1843. 

Russell,  Jeremiah.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 

Russell,  John, — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  iu  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1805  to  1809. 

Russell,  Jonathan. — He  was  ap 
pointed  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  Swe 
den  in  1814,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1821 
to  1823.  Died  February  16,  1832.  His 
birthplace  was  Middlesex  County,  Massa 
chusetts. 

Russell,  Joseph.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1845  to  1847,  and  from  1851  to  1853. 

Russell,  L.  Samuel.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Russell,  William. — He  was  born  in 
Ireland,  and,  having  emigrated  to  Ohio, 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1827  to  1833,  and  again 
from  1841  to  1843. 

Russell,  William  F.—  Born  in  Sau- 
gerties,  Ulster  County,  New  York;  was  a 
merchant  for  twenty  years,  and  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  of  New  York,  in  1850, 
serving  one  term ;  was  elected  a  Repre- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOZDS. 


333 


sentative  from  New  York  in  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  oil  the  Committee 
on  Iiidiuu  Affairs. 

Rust,  Albert. — He  was  born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and,  removing  to  Arkansas,  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1855  to  1857,  and  again  from 
1851)  to  18CI,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Roads  and  Canals,  and  the  Special  Com 
mittee  of  Thirty-Three  on  the  Rebellious 
States.  He  took  part  in  the  Rebellion  of 
18G1,  and  was  a  Brigadier-General. 

Rutherford,  John.— lie  was  a  na 
tive  of  New  York  City;  a  nephew  of 
William  Alexander,  Earl  of  Stirling; 
graduated  at  New  Jersey  College  in  177G; 
was  educated  a  lawyer;  was  a  Presiden 
tial  Elector  in  1798,  1813,  and  1821;  a 
Senator  of  the  United  States  from  New 
Jersey,  from  1791  to  1798;  and  was  the 
last  survivor  of  the  Senators  in  Congress 
during  the  administration  of  Washington. 
He  early  retired  from  public  life,  and,  be 
ing  one  of  the  largest  landholders  in  New 
Jersey,  was  actively  engaged  in  agricul 
tural  and  internal  improvements.  He  died 
at  Ederston,  New  Jersey,  February  23, 
1840,  in  the  eightieth  year  of  his  age. 

Rutherford,   Robert. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1793  to  1797. 

Rutledge,  Edward.  —  Born  in 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  in  November, 
1749 ;  received  a  good  education,  and  stud 
ied  law  at  the  Temple  in  London ;  he  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  1774  to  1777,  and  signed  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence ;  he  took  part  in 
military  affairs,  and  was  taken  prisoner  at 
Charleston,  remaining  in  confinement 
nearly  a  year ;  subsequently  served  in  the 
State  Assembly ;  in  1798  he  was  elected 
Governor  of  South  Carolina,  holding  the 
office  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Jan 
uary  23,  1800.  He  stood  high  both  as  an 
orator  and  a  patriot. 

Rutledge,  John.— He  was  born  in 
Ireland,  in  1739 ;  emigrated  to  South  Caro 
lina  ;  studied  law  in  England,  and,  return 
ing  to  South  Carolina  in  1761,  took  an 
active  part  in  the  Revolutionary  cause,  and 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress.  In  177G  he  was  appointed  President 
of  South  Carolina,  and  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  that  Colony,  having  also  been  a 
member  of  the  Convention  of  1774.  He 
was  Governor  of  the  State  in  1779 ;  Chan 
cellor  of  the  State  in  1784;  member  of  the 
Convention  to  form  the  Constitution,  and 
signed  that  instrument;  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1797  to  1803 ;  and,  after 
having  been  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Chan 
cery,  Chief  Justice  of  South  Carolina,  and 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Uni 
ted  States,  was  finally  promoted  to  the 


position  of  Chief  Justice,  but  was  not  con 
firmed  by  the  Senate.    Died  in  July,  1800. 

Ryall,  D.  B. — He  was  born  in  Tren 
ton,  New  Jersey  ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1841. 

Sabin,  Alvah. — He  was  born  in  Geor 
gia,  Vermont,  October  23,  1793;  was 
educated  for  the  ministry ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  Stale, 
from  1853  to  1857.  He  served  ten  years  in 
the  State  Legislature ;  and  was  Secretary 
of  State  for  Vermont  in  1841. 

Sabine,  Lorenzo. — He  was  born  hi 
Lisbon,  New  Hampshire,  February  28, 
1803 ;  was  entirely  self-educated ;  was 
bred  a  merchant ;  was  for  many  years  a 
bank  officer;  and  was  for  some  time  Sec 
retary  of  the  Boston  Board  of  Trr.de.  He 
was  three  times  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  Maine,  from  Eastport,  and  was  at  one 
time  Deputy  Collector  of  the  port  of  Pas- 
samaquoddy.  He  has  held,  in  Massachu 
setts,  the  position  of  Confidential  Agent  of 
the  Treasury  Department ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress.  He  has  devoted  much 
of  his  time  to  literary  pursuits,  and  is 
the  author  of  a  "Life  of  Commodore 
Preble,"  "The  American  Loyalists,"  "  Re 
port  on  the  American  Fisheries,"  and 
"  Notes  on  Duels  and  Duelling,"  and  has 
been  a  contributor  to  the  "  North  Ameri 
can  Review"  and  other  leading  periodicals. 
The  degree  of  A.  M.  was  conferred  upon 
him  by  Bowdoin  and  Harvard  Col 
leges. 

SacJcett,  William  A.— Born  in  New 
York  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1853, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Revolutionary  Pensions. 

Sage,  Ebenezer.—He  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1778,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1809  to  1815,  and  again  from  1819  to  1820. 
He  died  in  1834. 

Sage,  Russell.  —  Born  in  Oneida 
County,  New  York,  August  4,  1816;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  com 
menced  active  life  as  a  clerk  in  a  store  at 
Troy,  and  until  1853  was  wholly  devoted  . 
to  mercantile  pursuits.  In  1841  he  was 
elected  an  Alderman  in  the  City  of  Troy, 
and,  by  annual  elections,  served  seven 
years  in  that  capacity ;  he  was  also  Treas 
urer  of  Rensselaer  County  for  seven 
years,  in  which  office  he  was  especially 
popular;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1853  to 
1857,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Inva 
lid  Pensions,  and  on  Ways  and  Means. 
He  was  the  first  man  who  advocated,  on 
the  floor  of  Congress,  the  purchase  by  the 


334 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


General  Government  of  Mount  Vernon ; 
and  lie  was  among  the  most  active  sup 
porters  of  MX*  Banks  for  the  office  of 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives. 

Sailly,  Peter, — He  was  born  in  Lo- 
rainu,  France ;  first  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1783,  and  settled  in  Clinton  Coun 
ty,  New  York.  Having  been  well  educated, 
and  possessing  a  decided  talent  for  busi 
ness,  he  acquired  considerable  influence, 
and  held  several  offices  of  public  trust  in 
his  adopted  State.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1805  to  1807,  and,  on  his  retirement  from 
that  position,  he  was  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Jefferson,  Collector  of  Customs  for 
the  District  of  Champlain,  holding  the 
office  until  his  death,  which  occurred  at 
Plattsburg,  in  1826. 

Saltonstall,  Leverett.  —  Born  In 
Massachusetts,  in  1781 ;  graduated  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1802 :  commenced  the 
practice  of  law  in  Salem  in  1805,  and  was 
distinguished  as  a  lawyer;  was  a  State 
Senator  in  1831 ;  Mayor  of  Salem  from  1836 
to  1838 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1837;  be  frequently  served  in  the  State 
Legislature,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1838  to  1843.  He  was  also 
an  active  member  of  the  American  Acad 
emy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  of  the 
Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  and  the 
degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws  was  conferred 
upon  him  by  Harvard  College,  to  which 
he  left  a  legacy,  and  he  also  made  a  be 
quest  of  valuable  books  to  Phillips'  Acad 
emy,  at  Exeter,  where  he  commenced  his 
education.  He  died  at  Salem,  Massachu 
setts,  May  8,  1845. 

Summons,    Thomas.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1803  to  1807,  and  again  from 
1809  to  1813. 

Sample,  Samuel  C.—lle  was  born 
in  Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1843  to 

1845. 

Sampson,  Zabdiel.—He  was  born 
in  Plympton,  Massachusetts;  graduated 
at  Brown  University  in  1803,  and  adopted 
the  profession  of  law.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  his  native 
State,  from  1817  to  1819 ;  and  in  1820  he 
was  appointed  Collector  of  Customs  at 
Plymouth,  where  he  died,  while  in  office, 
July -19,  1828. 

Samuel,  Green  B. — Born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1839  to  1841.  He  was 
for  eleven  years  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Appeals,  and  died  at  Richmond 
January  5,  1859,  aged  sixty-five  years. 

Sandford,  JoJin.—Ile  was  a  native 


of  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841 
to  1843,  and  a  member  of  the  New  York 
Senate,  in  the  extra  session  of  1851.  He 
died  in  Amsterdam,  Montgomery  County, 
New  York,  October,  1857. 

Sandford,  Jonah.— lie  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1827 
and  1830,from  the  County  of  St.  Lawrence, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1830  to  1831. 

Sandford,  Nathan.— lie  was  a  na 
tive  of  New  York,  and  held  successively 
the  public  positions  of  Speaker  of  the 
New  York  Assembly,  District  Attorney  of 
the  United  States  for  his  State,  United 
States  Senator  from  1815  to  1821,  Chan 
cellor  of  the  State,  and  was  again  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress  from  1825  to  1831.  He 
died  on  Long  Island,  in  October,  1838. 

Sandldge,  John  M.  —  Born  in 
Franklin  County,  Georgia,  January  7, 1817 ; 
was  a  planter  by  occupation,  and  served  as 
a  member  of  the  Legislature  of  Louisiana 
from  1846  to  1855.  Id  1852  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  that  framed  the 
present  Constitution  of  that  State;  Speak 
er  of  the  House  in  1854  and  1855;  and 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Pri 
vate  Laud  Claims. 

Sands,  Joshua.— He  was  born  in 
Queen's  County,  New  York,  in  1758,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  Senate, 
from  King's  County,  from  1792  to  1799, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1803  to  1804,  and  again  from  1825  to  1827. 
During  the  war  of  1775  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Brooklyn  Home  Guards ;  in  1797 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Adams, 
Collector  of  Customs  for  the  port  of  New 
York ;  and  was  at  one  time  a,  Magistrate 
in  King's  County ;  and  he  also  took  an 
active  part,  with  two  brothers,  in  the  Rev 
olutionary  war  to  its  close.  Died  in  his 
native  county,  September  13,  1835.  He 
was  the  father  of  the  present  Commodore 
Sands. 

Sanford,  James  T.—  He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  but  removed  to  Tennessee  at 
an  early  day.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1823 
to  1825.  He  was  liberally  educated,  and 
having  acquired  a  large  property  in  the 
pursuits  of  agriculture,  he  appropriated  a 
part  of  his  wealth  to  the  establishment  of 
"Jackson  College,"  where  many  promi 
nent  men  have  been  educated.  He  died 
many  years  ago. 

Sanford,  Thomas.— lie  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1803  to  1807. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


335 


Sapp,  William  U.—  He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1857. 

Sargent,  Aaron  A. — Was  born  in 
Newburyport,  Massachusetts,  September 
23,  1827;  early  acquired  a  knowledge  of 
the  printing  business;  emigrated  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1849 ;  studied  law,  and  carne  to 
the  bar  in  1854 ;  and  in  1801  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  California,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Select  Committee  on  the 
Pacific  Railroad,  to  which  enterprise  he 
was  particularly  devoted. 

Saulsbury,  Willard.—W&s  born  in 
Kent  County,  Delaware,  June  2,  1820; 
was  educated  at  Delaware  College  and 
also  at  Dickinson  College;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845;  in 
1850  he  was  appointed  Attorne3r-General 
of  Delaware,  and  held  the  office  five  years ; 
and  in  1850  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  for  the  term  ending  in  1865, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Commerce, 
'Pensions,  and  Patents  and  the  Patent 
O;flce.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention"  of  1864;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term  com 
mencing  iu  1865  and  ending  in  1871, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Mines  and 
Mining. 

Saunders,  Romulus  M. — Born  in 
Caswell  County,  North  Carolina,  March, 
1791.  He  received  an  academical  educa 
tion,  and  spent  two  years  in  the  University 
of  that  State.  He  studied  law  iu  Tennes 
see,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  therein 
1812.  He  returned  to  North  Carolina; 
was  in  the  House  of  Commons  from  1815 
to  1820,  and  for  two  years  Speaker  of  the 
House.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1821  to  1827,  and  from  1841  to 
18 15.  In  1828  he  was  Attorney-General 
of  the  State ;  in  1833  was  President  of  the 
Board  of  Commissioners  to  settle  the 
claims  of  American  citizens  under  the 
treaty  of  July  4,  1831,  with  France;  in 
1835  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court;  in  1846  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Polk,  Minister  to  Spain, 
where  he  remained  four  years ;  on  his  re 
turn  he  was  again  elected  to  the  Legisla 
ture  of  North  Carolina;  after  which  he 
devoted  much  attention  to  the  railroad 
improvements  of  the  State.  Died  in  Ra 
leigh,  April  21,  1867. 

Savage,  John.— He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1814;  and 
from  1815  to  1819  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  that  State.  He  subsequently 
held  the  positions  of  District  Attorney, 
Comptroller  of  the  State,  Chief  Justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court,  and  Treasurer  of 
the  United  States  for  New  York,  and  was 
a  Presidential  Elector  in  1845.  Died  in 


Utica,  October  19,  1S63,  aged  eighty-four 
years. 

Savage,  John  H. — He  was  a  native 
of  Warren  County,  Tennessee.  During 
his  minority  he  volunteered  as  a  private 
soldier,  under  GeneralGaines,to  defend  the 
Texan  frontier;  also  served  during  a  cam 
paign  in  Florida.  He  afterwards  studied 
law,  and  commenced  practice,  in  1837,  at 
Smithville,  Tennessee.  He  was  elected 
Colonel  of  the  Tennessee  Militia;  was 
elected  by  the  Legislature  Attorney-Gen 
eral  of  the  Fourth  District  of  his  State  in 
1841,  and  held  the  office  until  1847.  Dur 
ing  that  year  he  received  from  President 
Polk  the  appointment  of  Major  in  the  Four 
teenth  Regiment  United  States  Infantry, 
and,  joining  the  American  army  in  Mexico, 
was  present  at  the  battles  of  Contreras, 
Churubusco,  and  Molina  del  Rey,  and  was 
wounded  at  Chapultepec.  He  was  pro 
moted  to  the  position  of  Lieutenant  Colo 
nel,  and  as  such  had  command  of  his  reg 
iment,  after  the  death  of  Colonel  Graham, 
until  the  close  of  the  war.  On  returning 
to  Tennessee,  he  resumed  the  practice  of 
his  profession;  and  was  first  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  in  1849;  he 
was  re-elected  in  1851 ;  declined  being  a 
candidate  in  1853 ;  and  was  re-elected  in 
1855  and  1857.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 

Sawtelle,  Cullen.—llQ  was  born  in 
Norridgevvock,  Maine ;  graduated  at  Bow- 
cloin  College  in  1825 ;  studied  law,  and 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829 ;  served  eight 
years  as  Register  of  Probate ;  was  a  State 
Senator  during  the  years  1843  and  1844; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maine,  from  1845  to  1847,  and  "again 
from  1849  to  1851. 

Sawyer,  Lemuel.  —  Was  born  in 
Camden  County,  North  Carolina,  in  1777; 
educated  at  Flatbush,  New  York;  studied 
law;  was  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1801, 
and  voted  in  the  Electoral  College  for 
Thomas  Jefferson  in  1804.  He  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  North  Carolina, 
to  Congress  in  1807,  serving  until  1813 ; 
and  subsequently  served  in  the  same  ca 
pacity  from  1817  to  1823,  and  from  1825 
to  1829.  About  the  year  1850  he  removed 
to  Washington,  and  held  a  clerkship  in 
one  of  the  departments. 

Sawyer,  PJiiletus.—TJe  was  born  in 
Whiting,  Addisou  County,  Vermont;  re 
ceived  a  good  common-school  and  busi 
ness  education ;  removed  to  Wisconsin, 
and  devoted  himself  to  the  lumber  trade ; 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  that 
State  in  1857  and  1861 ;  in  1803  he  was 
elected  Mayor  of  Oshkosh,  and  re-elected 
in  1864;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Wisconsin,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Mau- 

0. 


330 


B10GEAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


ufactures  and  on  Invalid  Pensions.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Commerce 
and  Southern  Railroads. 

Sawyer,  S.  T.  —  He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1839.  He  was  appointed  by  President 
Pierce,  Collector  of  Customs  at  Norfolk, 
Virginia;  and  was  subsequently  editor  of 
the  "Norfolk  Argus."  Died  in  New  Jer 
sey,  November  29,  1865,  aged  sixty-five 
years. 

Sawyer,  William*— Born  in  Ohio, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1845  to  1849. 

Say,  Benjamin. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1808  to  1809,  for  the  unexpired  term 
of  Joseph  Clay. 

Scales,  Jr.,  Alfred  M.—  He  was 

born  in  Rockingham  County,  North  Caro 
lina,  November  26,  1827;  was  educated 
chiefly  at  the  Chapel-Hill  University; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851 ;  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  of  North  Carolina  in 
1852  and  1856 ;  and  in  1857  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  his  native  State, 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  the  District 
of  Columbia.  He  was  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1861. 

Scammon,  John  F.— Born  in  Saco, 
Maine,  October  24,  1786 ;  was  bred  a  mer 
chant  ;  served  in  the  Massachusetts  Legis 
lature,  as  Representative,  during  1817, 
and  in  the  Maine  Legislature  in  1820  and 
1821;  was  Collector  of  Customs  at  Saco 
from  1829  to  1841 ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1845  to 
1847 ;  a  State  Senator  in  1855 ;  Secretary 
of  an  Insurance  Company  from  1841  to 
1845;  and  Treasurer  of  a  Savings-Bank, 
from  1843  to  1845.  Died  May  23,  1858. 

SchencJc,    Abraham  H.— He  was 

born  in  1777;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  Assembly  in  1804,  1805,  and  1806 ; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1815  to  1817.  He  was 
among  the  first  who  engaged  in  the  man 
ufacture  of  cotton  under  the  non-inter 
course  laws.  Died  in  1831. 

SchencJc,  Ferdinand  S.— Born  in 
Middlesex  County,  New  Jersey,  February 
11,  1790;  he  received  a  common-school 
education ;  and,  having  studied  medicine, 
was  for  many  years  devoted  to  the  prac 
tice.  In  1829  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  re-elected  in  1830  and 
1831 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 


gress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1833  to  1837. 
He  was  a  member,  in  1844,  of  the  Con 
vention  to  revise  the  State  Constitution, 
and  was  soon  after  elected  a  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Errors  and  Appeal,  which  po 
sition  he  held  for  eight  years.  Died  at 
Camden,  May  17,  18(50. 

SchencJc,  Robert  C.—  Born  in  Frank 
lin,  Warren  County,  Ohio,  October  4, 
1809 ;  graduated  at  Miami  University  iu 
1827,  where  he  remained  one  or  two  years 
as  a  tutor;  he  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  settled  in 
Dayton.  In  1840  he  was  elected  to  the 
Ohio  Legislature ;  re-elected  in  1842 ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
his  native  State,  from  1843  to  1851,  serv 
ing  on  many  committees;  during  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  On  his 
retirement  from  Congress,  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Fill  more,  Minister 
to  Brazil,  and  during  his  residence  in 
South  America,  he  took  part  in  negotiat 
ing  a  number  of  treaties.  On  his  return, 
in  1853,  he  became  extensively  engaged  in 
the  railway  business.  In  1861  he  served 
as  a  Brigadier  and  Major-General  in  the 
Union  army;  and  in  1862  was  elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Military 
Affairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  and  in  1865  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Johnson,  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Visitors  to  the  West  Point 
Academy,  and  was  President  of  the 
Board.  He  served  on  the  Committee  on 
the  Death  of  President  Lincoln,  and  again 
at  the  head  of  the  Committee  on  Military 
Affairs;  was  a  member  of  the  National 
Committee  appointed  to  accompany  the 
remains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois ; 
also  of  the  Committee  on  Retrenchment; 
and  he  was  one  of  the  Representatives 
designated  by  the  House  to  attend  the 
funeral  of  General  Scott  in  1866.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention"  of  1866,  and  to  the 
"  Soldiers'  Convention  "  held  at  Pittsburg ; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Ordnance,  and  again  of  that  on 
Military  Affairs. 

Schermerhorn,  Abraham  M.— He 

was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1849  to  1853 ;  and  died  in 
Rochester,  New  York,  August  22,  1855. 

Schley,  William.— Born  in  Freder 
ick  City,'  Maryland,  December  15,  1786. 
He  received  an  academical  education  in 
Georgia;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  at  Augusta  in  1812;  continued 
the  practice  of  his  profession  until  1825, 
when  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
perior  Court  of  the  Middle  District  of 
Georgia.  He  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  in  1830;  and  was  a  Repre- 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


337 


sentative  in  Congress  from  1833  to  1835 ; 
and  during  the  two  following  years  was 
Governor  of  Georgia.  He  published  a 
"Digest  of  the  English  Statutes."  He 
was,  when  Governor,  one  of  the  most 
active  supporters  of  the  Western  and  At 
lantic  Railroad ;  and  at  the  time  of  his 
death  was  President  of  the  Medical  Col 
lege  of  Georgia.  He  died  at  Augusta, 
Georgia,  November  20,  1858. 

Schoolcraft,  John  L.—B.Q  was  born 
in  Albany,  New  York,  and  was  all  his  life 
identified  with  that  city  as  a  merchant. 
He  was  for  many  years  President  of  the 
Commercial  Bank  of  Albany ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1849  to  1853.  Died  at  St. 
Catherine's,  Canada  West,  in  May,  1860. 

ScJioonmaJeer,  Cornelius  C.—  He 

was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1791  to  1793,  and  was  for 
fourteen  years,  before  and  after  the  above 
term,  a  member  of  the  New  York  Assem 
bly,  from  the  County  of  Ulster. 

SchoonmaJeer,  Marius.—Born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Schuneman,  Martin  G.— He  was 

a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1805  to  1807.  He  was  a  man 
of  giant  size,  and  of  great  force  of  char 
acter. 

Schureman,  James.— Hie    was    a 

prominent  man  in  New  Jersey  during  the 
Revolution,  and  was  a  graduate  of  Queen's 
College.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1789  to 
1791,  and  from  1797  to  1799 ;  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1799  to  1801,  when  he  re 
signed;  and  again  a  Representative  from 
1813  to  1815.  He  was  also  at  one  time 
Mayor  of  New  Brunswick.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
in  1786  and  1787. 

Schuyler,  Philip.— Was  a  native 
of  Albany,  New  York.  He  was  appointed 
Major-Gencral  in  the  army  of  the  Revolu 
tion  in  1775,  and  despatched  to  the  forti 
fications  in  the  north  of  New  York,  to 
prepare  for  the  invasion  of  Canada.  By 
the  loss  of  his  health,  the  command  soon 
devolved  upon  Montgomery.  On  his  re 
covery,  he  directed  the  operations  against 
Burgoyne,  and,  in  consequence  of  the 
evacuation  of  Ticonderoga,  he  unreason 
ably  fell  under  some  suspicion,  and  was 
superseded  in  command  by  General  Gates. 
He  afterwards  rendered  important  ser 
vices,  though  not  in  command.  He  was 
a  Delegate  to  Congress  previous  to  the 
present  Constitution,  and  a  Senator  of 
the  United  States,  by  appointment,  from 
1789  to  1791,  and  again  in  1797,  but  re- 
22 


signed.     He  died  at  Albany  in  1804,  aged 
seventy-three. 

Scliuyler,  Philip  J.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1817  to  1819,  and  died  in  New  York 
City,  February  21,  1835,  aged  sixty -seven 
years. 

Schwarts,  John.— Born  in  Berks 
County,  Pennsylvania,  October  27,  1793; 
received  a  common-school  education; 
served  as  a  Lieutenant  in  the  last  war  with 
Great  Britain;  was  engaged  in  mercan 
tile  pursuits  from  180G  to  1829,  and  from 
that  year  to  1857  was  wholly  devoted  to 
farming.  He  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  but  died  before  the  expi 
ration  of  his  first  session,  in  July,  1860. 

Sco field,  Glenni  W.—fle  was  born 
in  Chautauque  County,  New  York,  March 
11,  1817;  graduated  at  Hamilton  College 
in  1840,  and  removed  to  Warren,  Penn 
sylvania,  where  he  was  admitted  to  tho 
bar  in  1843.  In  1850  and  1851  he  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Assembly,  and  from 
1857  to  1859  he  was  in  the  State  Senate. 
In  1861  he  was  appointed  President  Judge 
of  the  Eighteenth  Judicial  District  of  the 
State,  and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Elections,  and  Expenditures  in 
the  War  Department.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Unfinished 
Business.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Elections,  and  Indian  Allah's. 

Scott,  Charles  L. — He  was  born  in 
Richmond,  Virginia,  January  23,  1827; 
graduated  at  William  and  Mary  College ; 
studied  law,  and  formed  a  partnership 
with  his  father  in  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession,  at  Richmond.  In  1849  he  em 
barked,  as  a  member  of  the  Madison 
Mining  and  Trading  Company,  for  Cali 
fornia.  In  1851  he  abandoned  the  mines, 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Tuo- 
lumne  County,  California.  He  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  from  California, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  Indian  Affairs,  and  on  the  Post  Office 
and  Post  Roads. 

Scott,  Gustavus. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1784  to  1785. 

Scott,  Harvey  D. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio,  and,  having  removed  to  Indiana, 
was  elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  Congress  from  that  State. 

Scott,  John. — He  was  bqrn  in  Han 
over  County,  Virginia,  in  1782 ;  graduated 


538 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


at  Princeton  College  in  1805 ;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Indiana  in  1802;  settled  at 
St.  Genevieve,  Missoui'i,  in  1805;  was  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Missouri,  from  1810  to  1821,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  the  same 
State,  from  1821  to  1827.  Died  at  St. 
Genevieve  in  1861. 

Scott,  John.— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Huntingdon 
County,  Pennsylvania,  from  1829  to  1831. 

Scott,  John  G.— Was  born  in  Phila 
delphia,  December  26,  1819 ;  left  that  city 
when  seventeen  years  of  age  to  seek  his 
fortune  in  the  West ;  settled  in  Missouri, 
and  for  many  years  resided  at  the  Iron 
Mountain;  engaged  in  the  business  of 
iron  master,  and  developing  the  mineral 
resources  of  the  State ;  and  in  1862  he 
was,  at  a  special  election,  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Missouri,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  in  the  place  of  J.  W. 
Noell,  deceased.  He  ran  for  Congress  at 
the  regular  election  against  Mr.  Noell, 
and  was  beaten  by  a  small  majority.  His 
committee  duties  were  rendered  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Revolution 
ary  Pensions. 

Scott,  John  Morin.—He  was  Sec 
retary  of  State  of  New  York  from  1778  to 
1789 ;  and  a  Delegate,  from  New  York,  to 
the  Continental  Congress,from  1780  to  1783. 

Scott,  Thomas.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1789  to  1791.  and  again  from  1793  to 
1795.  He  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for 
locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac. 

Scranton,  George  IF.— Born  in 
Madison,  New  Haven  County,  Connecti 
cut,  May  23,  1811;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  and  when  eighteen 
years  of  age  removed  to  New  Jersey.  He 
subsequently  removed  to  Pennsylvania, 
and  engaged  in  the  iron  and  railroad  busi 
ness,  having  extensive  interests  at  Oxford, 
New  Jersey,  and  at  Scranton,  Pennsylva 
nia;  he  held  the  positions,  severally,  of 
President  of  the  Lackawanna  and  Western 
Railroad  Company  and  of  the  Cayuga  and 
Susquehanna  Railway  Company;  and  in 
1858  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Manufactures.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  but  died  at  Scran 
ton,  Pennsylvania,  March  24,  1861. 

Scudder,  John  A.—  He  was  a  native 
of  New  Jersey ;  a  physician  by  profession ; 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  Assembly 
ofhis  native  State;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  for 
the  unexpired  terra  of  James  Cox,  who 
died  in  1810. 


Scudder,  Nathaniel.  —  He  gradua 
ted  at  Princeton  College  in  1751;  was  a 
Delegate  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1777  to  1779,  and 
was  one  of  the  Signers  of  the  Articles  of 
Confederation.  Died  in  1781. 

Scudder,  Treadwell.—lle  was  for 

six  years  a  member  of  the  New  York  As 
sembly,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1817  to  1819. 

Scudder,  Zeno.—lle  was  born  in 
Barnstable,  Massachusetts,  August  18, 
1807;  and  filled  with  credit  various  public 
positions.  He  was  President  of  the  Mas 
sachusetts  Senate,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1851  to  1854,  when  he 
was  compelled,  by  failing  health,  to  re 
sign  his  seat.  He  was  a  good  lawyer, 
enjoyed  the  confidence  and  respect  of  the 
community  in  which  he  lived,  and  died  at 
Barnstable,  Massachusetts,  June  26,  1857. 

Scurri/,  Richardson.—  Born  in  Ten 
nessee,  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Texas,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Seaman,  Henri/  J.—lle  was  born 
in  New  York ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847. 

Searing,  John  A. — Born  in  Queen's 
County,  New  York,  May  14,  1814.  His 
father  died  when  he  was  young,  and  he 
was  educated  at  the  common  schools  of 
New  York  by  his  grandparents.  He  was 
bred  a  farmer,  held  several  public  posi 
tions  previously  to  his  election  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1853,  and 
was  chosen  a  Representative  to  the  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Revolutionary  Pensions,  and  Ac 
counts. 

Searle,  James.— lie  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1778  to  1780. 

Seaver,  Ebenezer.—Horn  in  1763; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1784; 
was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature 
from  1794  to  1802;  member  of  the  "  State 
Constitutional  Convention  "  of  1820 ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1803  to  1813.  He  died  in 
Roxbury,  Massachusetts,  March  1,  1844. 

Sebastian,  William  K.—Born  in 
Vernon,  Tennessee,  and  educated  at  Co 
lumbia  College,  in  that  State.  He  settled 
as  a  lawyer  in  Arkansas  in  1835,  and  was 
soon  after  appointed  Prosecuting  At 
torney,  and  held  the  office  until  1837;  he 
was  Circuit  Judge  from  1840  to  1842,  and 
was  appointed  in  the  latter  year  Supreme 
Judge.  He  was  a  State  Senator,  and 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


339 


President  of  the  body  in  1846,  and  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1848.  He  was  a  United 
States  Senator  from  1848  to  1853,  again 
from  1853  to  1859,  and  re-elected  for  a 
term  of  six  years,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs,  and  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Territories. 
Expelled  July  11,  1861. 

Seddon,  James  A.—  He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to 
1847,  and  again  from  1849  to  1851 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Rebel  Government,  as  mem 
ber  ot'Congress,  in  1861,  having  previously 
been  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  " 
of  that  year.  In  1862  he  became  the  Con 
federate  Secretary  of  War. 

Sedgwick,  C.  B.—  Born  in  Pompey, 
New  York,  March,  1815;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  that  Committee. 
In  1863  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  a  Commissioner  to  look  after 
certain  naval  affairs. 

Sedgwick,  Theodore.  — Was  born  at 
West  Hartford,  Connecticut,  in  May,  1746. 
He  was  educated  at  Yale  College,  but  did 
not  graduate.  On  leaving  this  Institution, 
he  commenced  the  study  of  theology,  but 
soon  relinquished  it,  and  studied  law,  and 
•was  admitted  to  the  bar  before  reaching 
the  age  of  twenty-one.  He  commenced 
practice  at  Great  Barrington,  Massachu 
setts,  then  settled  at  Sheffield,  and  after 
wards  at  Stockbridge,  in  the  same  county, 
He  was  a  zealous  patriot  in  the  Revolu 
tionary  war.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Congress  in  1785  and  1786; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  after 
the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  from 
1789  to  1796.  He  was  a  Senator  of  the 
United  States  from  1796  to  1798,  and 
served  as  President  pro  tern,  during  one 
session.  In  1799  he  was  again  a  member 
of  the  House,  and  was  chosen  Speaker. 
From  1802  until  his  death  he  was  a  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massachusetts. 
He  died  at  Boston,  January  24,  1813.  He 
received  the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  Prince 
ton  and  Cambridge.  As  a  statesman  and 
jurist  he  was  highly  valued  by  his  country. 
His  life  was  in  an  uncommon  degree  varied 
and  active ;  his  industry  was  unwearied, 
and  an  ardent  enthusiasm  was  the  basis 
of  his  character. 

Segar,  Joseph  E. — Born  in  King 
William  County,  Virginia,  June  1,  1804. 
In  1836  he  was  elected  to  the  House  of 
Delegates  of  Virginia,  and  served  a  num- 
of years;  was  again  elected  to  the  same 
position  in  1848,  and  continued  to  serve 
almost  uninterruptedly  until  the  State  re 


belled  against  the  Union.  After  Eastern 
Virginia  was  restored  to  the  Federal  au 
thority  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Virginia,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress. 

Selden,  Dudley.—  Formerly  a  promi 
nent  member  of  the  New  York  bar,  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1833  to  1835.  He  died  ill 
Paris,  France,  November  7,  1855. 

Selye,  Lewis.— lie  was  born  in  Chit- 
tenango,  Madison  County,  New  York, 
July  11,  1808;  received  a  common-school 
education;  removed  to  Rochester  in  1824, 
and  became  extensively  engaged  in  the 
manufacturing  business,  and  was  long 
identified  with  the  growth  and  interests 
of  that  city.  He  was  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  city  Corporation ;  also  held 
the  office  of  Supervisor  of  Monroe  County, 
and  was  for  seven  years  the  Treasurer  of 
the  county ;  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Manufactures,  and  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions. 

Semmes,  Benedict  <7.— Was  born  in 
Charles  County,  Maryland,  November  1, 
1789.  He  was  bred  to  the  profession  of 
medicine,  and  graduated  at  the  Medical 
School  in  Baltimore  about  the  jrear  1811. 
He  settled  in  Piscataway,  Maryland,  where 
he  acquired  an  extensive  practice,  but 
subsequently  relinquished  his  profession. 
lu  the  year  1821  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  was  again  elected  in 
1825,  1827,  and  1828,  and  during  one  ses 
sion  was  chosen  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Delegates.  In  1821  he  introduced  and 
carried  through  a  bill  for  removing  relig 
ious  tests,  as  applicable  to  office  in  Mary 
land.  In  1829  he  was  elected  to  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1831  ;  but  his  health 
soon  after  failing,  he  found  it  necessary  to 
retire,  at  a  time  when  there  was  no  oppo 
sition  to  him  In  his  district.  He  again 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1842 
and  1843,  since  which  time  he  has  lived  in 
retirement  on  his  estate  in  the  County  of 
Prince  George. 

Semple,  James. —  He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  in  1800,  but  emigrated  to  Illi 
nois  in  1827.  He  was  elected  to  the  Illi 
nois  Legislature  for  six  years,  during  four 
of  which  he  officiated  as  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives.  In  1833  he  was 
elected  Attorney-General  of  the  State ; 
appointed  Charg'e  d'Affaires  to  New  Gra 
nada  in  1837 ;  elected  one  of  the  Judges  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State  in  1842 ; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Illinois,  from  1843  to  1847.  Died  at  Elsah 
Landing,  Illinois,  in  January,  1867. 

Seney,  Joshua.— lie  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1787  and, 


340 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


1788,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Maryland,  from  1789  to  1792. 

Senter,  William  T.— Born  in  Gran 
ger  County,  Tennessee,  in  1802,  and  died 
there  August  28,  1849.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State. 
from  1843  to  1845. 

Sergeant,  John.— He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia  in  1779 ;  graduated  at  Prince 
ton  College  in  1795 ;  he  was  for  a  short 
time  a  clerk  in  a  store,  but  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799.  His 
first  appointment  was  that  of  Prosecutor 
for  the  Commonwealth,  which  he  held 
several  years.  He  was  for  more  than  half 
a  century  known  and  honored  for  his  ex 
traordinary  ability  in  his  profession  of  the 
law,  for  his  habitual  courtesy,  his  liberal 
fairness,  and  his  integrity.  Elected  to 
Congress,  he  served  there  from  1815  to 
1823,  from  1827  to  1829,  and  from  1837  to 
1842.  He  was  especially  famous  for  his 
part  in  the  great  Missouri  Compromise  of 
1820.  For  the  Panama  Congress,  Mr. 
Sergeant  was  selected  by  President  Adams 
to  represent  the  United  States.  The 
measures  of  international  law  which  were 
proposed  to  be  settled  in  that  Congress 
were  deemed  so  important,  that  Mr.  Clay, 
the  Secretary  of  State,  had  filled  eighty 
pages  of  instructions  to  Mr.  Sergeant  on 
the  subject.  In  1832  Mr.  Sergeant  was 
the  Whig  candidate  for  Vice-President, 
being  upon  the  same  ticket  with  Henry 
Clay.  Forty-nine  electoral  votes  were 
cast  for  these  candidates.  At  the  outset 
of  Harrison's  administration,  Mr.  Ser 
geant  was  tendered  the  mission  to  Eng 
land,  which  he  declined.  In  the  cause 
of  charity  he  was  never  appealed  to  in 
vain ;  and,  for  many  years  before  his 
death,  took  an  active  interest  in  all  the 
public  affairs  of  his  native  city.  He  died 
in  Philadelphia,  November  23,  1852. 

Sergeant,  Jonathan  D.— -  He  grad 
uated  at  Princeton  College  in  1762;  and 
was  a  Delegate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  in  1776  and  1777. 
Died  in  1798. 

Settle,  Thomas. — He  was  born  in 
Rockingham  County,  North  Carolina.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  the  Legisla 
ture  of  that  State  in  1815,  and  in  1826, 
1827,  and  1828,  at  which  last  session  he 
was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1817  to  1821.  In  1832  he  was  chosen 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Law  and 
Equity,  and  held  the  office  for  twenty 
years,  when  he  resigned.  He  was  highly 
esteemed  for  his  many  virtues.  He  died 
in  Rockingham  County,  August  5,  1857, 
toged  sixty-five. 

Severance,  Luther.'-'H.e  was  born  in 
Montague,  Massachusetts,  October  28, 


1797;  and,  having  been  bred  a  printer,  was 
the  founder  and  editor  of  the  "  Kennebec 
Journal "  from  1825  to  1849,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from 
1843  to  1847.  He  was  frequently  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Maine  Legislature — five  years 
in  the  Assembly,  and  two  years  in  the 
Senate — and,  by  President  Taylor,  was 
appointed  Commissioner  to  the  Sandwich 
Islands.  He  died  of  a  cancer,  January  25, 
1855,  at  Augusta,  Maine. 

Sevier,  Ambrose  H. — Born  in  Ten 
nessee  in  1802.  He  had  few  early  advan 
tages  of  education,  but  he  relied  on  his 
own  energies,  and  removed  to  the  Terri 
tory  of  Arkansas,  where,  before  the  age  of 
twenty-one,  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  as 
an  attorney.  He  was  first  elected  Clerk 
of  the  Legislature,  and,  so  soon  as  he  was 
eligible,  was  elected  a  member  of  that  body, 
first  in  1823,  and  again  in  1825.  From 
1827  to  1836  he  was  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  from  Arkansas ;  and  when  the  Ter 
ritory  became  a  State,  in  1836,  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress.  He  was 
Chairman  for  many  years,  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Indian  Affairs,  and  afterwards 
of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Relations. 
He  resigned  his  seat  in  the  Senate  in  1848, 
to  accept  the  appointment,  from  President 
Polk,  of  a  special  mission  to  Mexico,  to 
negotiate  a  peace.  He  possessed  the  un 
bounded  confidence  of  his  constituents 
and  party.  He  died  at  Little  Rock,  De 
cember  21,  1848. 

Sevier,  John, — A  native  of  Tennessee, 
having  been  born  in  1744 ;  was  an  officer  in 
the  Revolutionary  war,  and  distinguished 
himself  in  the  battle  at  King's  Mountain, 
in  1780.  For  his  services  on  that  occasion, 
the  Legislature  of  North  Carolina,  in  1813, 
voted  him  a  sword.  He  commanded  the 
forces  which  defeated  the  Creek  and  Cher 
okee  Indians,  in  1789.  He  was  afterwards 
a  General  in  the  Provisional  army;  and, 
from  1796  to  1801  and  1803  to  1809,  Gov 
ernor  of  Tennessee ;  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
in  1790  and  1791,  and  from  Tennessee  from 
1811  to  1815,  and  was  then  appointed,  by 
President  Monroe,  one  of  the  Commission 
ers  to  ascertain  the  boundary  line  of  the 
Creek  Territory,  and  died,  while  engaged 
in  that  service,  at  Fort  Decatur,  Septem 
ber  24,  1815.  He  was  one  of  those  who 
voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government 
on  the  Potomac. 

Sewall,  Samuel. — Born  in  Boston, 
December  11,  1757.  He  graduated  at  Har 
vard  College  in  1776 ;  was  a  lawyer  by 
profession,  and  settled  at  Marblehead;  in 
1796  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  serving  till  1800,  when  he  resigned, 
and  was  distinguished  in  that  body  by  his 
knowledge  of  commercial  law;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1801.  In  1800  he 
was  placed  upon  the  bench  of  the  Supreme 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


341 


Court  of  Massachusetts,  and  in  1813  was 
appointed  Chief  Justice.  He  died  at  Wis- 
casset,  June  8,  1814,  where  the  gentlemen 
of  the  bar  erected  a  monument  to  his 
memory. 

Seward,  James  L.— He  was  born 
in  Georgia,  and  bred  a  lawyer.  He  first 
entered  Congress  in  1853,  as  a  Represent 
ative  from  Georgia,  and  continued  there  to 
the  close  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Naval  Affairs. 

Seward,  William  H.—lle  was  born 
in  Florida,  Orange  County,  New  York, 
May  1C,  1801 ;  graduated  at  Union  College 
in  1820;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1822,  and  settled  at  Auburn  in 
1823,  In  1830  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  for  four  years ;  in  1834,  as  a  Whig, 
he  was  the  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
Governor  of  the  State ;  in  1838  he  was  re- 
nominated  and  elected  for  two  years;  was 
also  re-elected  for  two  years,  and  in  1843 
he  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession 
at  Auburn,  attending  to  business  chiefly 
in  the  Federal  courts.  In  1849  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  for  six  years,  and  took  his  seat  at 
the  extra  session  called  to  consider  the 
nomination  of  President  Taylor.  He  was 
re-elected  in  1855  and  held  the  position 
until  he  became  Secretary  of  State,  under 
President  Lincoln,  in  1861.  In  1860  he 
was  spoken  of  as  a  candidate  for  the 
Presidency,  and  during  that  year  made  a 
pilgrimage  to  Egypt  and  the  Holy  Land. 
On  the  night  of  the  assassination  of  Pres 
ident  Lincoln,  April  14,  1865,  while  con 
fined  to  his  bed  by  serious  illness,  an 
attempt  was  made  to  take  his  life  also. 
The  assassin,  named  Payne,  inflicted  a 
severe  wound  with  a  knife,  from  the  effects 
of  which,  after  much  suffering,  he  finally 
recovered,  and  resumed  his  duties  in  the 
cabinet.  In  1849  he  published  the  "Life 
and  Public  Services  of  John  Quincy 
Adams ;"  and  his  own  life  and  collected 
speeches  were  published  in  four  volumes 
between  1853  and  1862,  edited  by  George 
E.  Baker. 

Sewell,  James.— Was  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Maryland,  in  the  Third  Session 
of  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  for  the 
unexpired  term  of  James  W.  Williams, 
deceased. 

Seybert,  Adam.— lie  was  a  citizen  of 
Philadelphia,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1809  to 
1815,  and  again  from  1817  to  1819.  He 
died  at  Paris,  May  2,  1825,  bequeathing 
$1,000  for  educating  the  deaf  and  dumb, 
and  $500  to  the  Orphan  Asylum  in  Phila 
delphia.  He  was  a  man  of  science,  and 
was  particularly  skilful  as  a  chemist  and 
mineralogist.  He  published  Statistical 


Annals  of  the  United  States  from  1789  to 
1818. 

Seymour,  David  L.— He  was  born 
in  Connecticut  in  1802;  removed  to  New 
York,  and  in  1836  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature ;  was  a  Master  in  Chan 
cery  ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1843  to  1845,  and 
from  1851  to  1853.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  State  Constitutional  Convention" 
of  1867.  Died  at  Lanesboro,  Massachu 
setts,  October  11,  1867. 

Seymour,  Horatio.—  Born  inLitch- 
fleld,  Connecticut,  May  31,  1778;  gradu 
ated  at  Yale  College  in  1797;  studied  law 
at  the  Litchfleld  school,  and  settled  in  Mid- 
dlebury,  Vermont.  He  was  a  Judge  of 
Probate,  member  of  the  Council,  and  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from 
1821  to  1833,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Agriculture.  He  died  at 
Middlebury,  November  21,  1857. 

Seymour,  Origen  S.— He  was  born 
in  Litchfleld,  Connecticut,  in  1804;  was 
bred  a  lawyer;  served  in  the  State  Legis 
lature  and  as  a  Speaker  in  1850 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress, from  Connect 
icut,  from  1851  to  1855.  He  was  subse 
quently  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  Connecticut,  which  office  he  held 
for  eight  years. 

Seymour,  Thomas  IT.— He  was 
born  in  Hartford,  Connecticut,  in  1808; 
was  educated  at  the  Middletown  Military 
Academy ;  studied  law  and  practised  the 
profession  in  Hartford;  was,  for  several 
years,  the  editor  of  a  leading  paper ;  was 
a  Judge  of  Probate ;  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1843  to 
1845;  in  1846  went  to  Mexico  as  a  Major 
of  the  New  England  Regiment,  which  he 
commanded  after  the  fall  of  Colonel  Ran 
som  ;  was  with  General  Scott  at  the  City 
of  Mexico ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1852 ;  and  elected  Governor  of  the  State 
in  1850,  and  re-elected  three  times ;  and 
was  appointed,  by  President  Pierce,  Min 
ister  to  Russia. 

Seymour,  William.— lie  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  served  as  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Assembly  in  1832  and  1834,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1835  to  1837. 

SJiadwicJc,    William.  — lie  was   a 

member  of  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  during  the  years  1796  and  1797. 

Shanldin,  George  S.  —  He  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1864,  and  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  tho 
Committees  on  the  Death  of  President 
Lincoln,  the  District  of  Columbia,  and 
the  Memphis  Riot. 


342 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


Shanlcs,  John  JP.  C.— Born  in  Mar- 
tinsburg,  Virginia,  June  17,  1826 ;  was  for 
the  most  part  self-educated;  removed  to 
Indiana,  where  he  studied  law,  and  com 
menced  practice  in  1850;  was  elected  to 
the  Indiana  Legislature  in  1853  and  1854 ; 
and  in  1860  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Indiana,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Private  Land  Claims,  and  on  Agriculture. 
He  visited  the  field  of  Bull  Run,  in  July, 
1861,  as  a  spectator,  but  became  a  partici 
pant;  during  the  subsequent  recess  of 
Congress,  he  served  in  Missouri  as  a 
member  of  General  Fremont's  staff,  per 
forming  some  other  military  service  until 
he  resumed  his  seat  in  Congress,  in  De 
cember,  1861.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Pittsburg  "Soldiers'  Convention"  of 
1866 ;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Union  Prisoners,  and  on  those  of 
the  Militia  and  Indian  Affairs. 

Shannon,  T7iotnas.—He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1826  to  1827. 

Shannon,  Thomas  J>.  —  Born  in 
Westmoreland  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1827;  emigrated  to  Illinois  in  1844;  in 
1849  to  California;  from  1854  to  1861 
was  engaged  in  merchandising;  served 
four  sessions  in  the  California  Legislature ; 
and  in  1863  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  California,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Indian  Affairs.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
National  Committee  appointed  to  accom 
pany  the  remains  of  President  Lincoln  to 
Illinois. 

Shannon,  Wilson. — He  was  born  in 
Belmont  County,  Ohio,  February  24, 1802 ; 
educated  at  Athens  College,  in  Ohio,  and 
Transylvania  University,  in  Kentucky; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  in 
1835  was  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  the 
State  of  Ohio ;  was  elected  Governor  of 
Ohio  in  1837,  and  again  in  1842;  by  Presi 
dent  Tyler  was  appointed  Minister  to 
Mexico  in  1844 ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1853  to  1855. 
In  1855  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Pierce,  Governor  of  the  Territory  of 
Kansas. 

Sharp,  Solomon  P.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  but  removed  to  Kentucky 
when  a  child ;  he  received  a  limited  edu 
cation,  but  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  when  nineteen  years  of  age, 
and  was  successful ;  he  served  a  number 
of  years  in  the  State  Legislature ;  was 
Attorney-General  of  the  State ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1813  to  1817.  He  fell  by  the  hand 
of  an  assassin,  while  a  member  of  the 
Legislature,  in  November,  1835,  aged  fifty- 
five  years;  and  a  legislative  reward  of 


$3,000.  for  the  arrest  of  the  murderer,  was 
offered,  but  in  vain. 

Sharpe,  Peter. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  Assembly  of  New  York  from  1814 
to  1820,  officiating  a  number  of  sessions 
as  Speaker;  he  was  also  a  member  of  the 
"State  Constitutional  Conveution"of  1821 ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  1823 
to  1825 ;  and  a  member  of  the  "  Tariff 
Convention  "  held  in  1827. 

Sharpe,  William. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1770  to  1782. 

Shaw,  Aaron.  —  Born  in  Orange 
County,  New  York,  in  1811;  a  lawyer  by 
profession;  was  State's  Attorney  for 
eight  years  in  the  Fourth  Judicial  Circuit 
of  Illinois ;  and  was  a  member  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1840  and 
1850.  He  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  Illinois, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on. 
the  Militia. 

Shaw,  Henri/.  —  He  was  born  in 
Windharn  County,  Vermont;  studied  law 
with  Judge  Foot,  in  Albany,  New  York, 
and  settled  in  practice  in  Lanesborough, 
Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts,  at  the 
age  of  twenty-two;  he  was  nominated 
for  Congress  before  he  was  eligible,  and 
was  subsequently  elected,  in  1816,  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  and  voted  for  the 
Missouri  Compromise,  which  prevented 
his  re-election.  He  was  an  intimate 
friend  of  Henry  Clay,  and  a  personal 
friend  and  acquaintance  of  ten  of  the 
Presidents  of  the  United  States.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Legisla 
ture  for  eighteen  years,  also  a  member  of 
the  Governor's  Council,  and  was  the 
pioneer  in  the  manufacturing  prosperity 
of  Western  Massachusetts.  In  1833  he 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector.  In  18 18  he 
removed  to  New  York,  and  resided  at 
Fort  Washington,  on  the  Hudson ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Education  in 
New  York  City,  and  two  years  in  the 
Common  Council,  and  in  1853  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Assembly.  He  removed  to 
Newburg  in  1854,  where  he  resided  until 
within  a  few  months  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  Peekskill,  October  17,  1857, 
aged  sixty-nine  years. 

Shaiv,  Henry  M.— He  was  born  at 
Newport,  Rhode  Island,  November  20, 
1819 ;  studied  medicine,  and  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania ;  removed 
to  North  Carolina,  and  was  a  State  Sena 
tor  in  1852,  and  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  in  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty- 
fifth  Congresses,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committees  on  Manufactures  and 
Revolutionary  Pensions.  During  the  Re 
bellion,  he  served  as  a  Colonel  in  the  Con- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


343 


federate  Army,  and  was  killed  near  New- 
bern,  in  February,  1864. 

Shatv,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Dighton,  Massachusetts,  in  December, 
1768,  and  removed  to  Putney,  Vermont, 
at  the  age  of  ten  years ;  he  received  a 
limited  education ;  commenced  the  study 
of  medicine  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  and 
in  two  years  entered  upon  the  practice  of 
Lis  profession  at  Castleton,  Vermont,  and 
became  eminent  as  a  surgeon.  He  entered 
early  into  politics,  and  was  one  of  the 
victims  of  the  Sedition  Law;  for  his  de 
nunciation  of  the  administration  of  John 
Adams  he  was  imprisoned,  and  liberated 
by  the  people  without  the  forms  of  law ; 
and  in  1799  was  returned  as  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature.  He  was  for  some 
time  a  member  of  the  State  Council,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Vermont,  from  1808  to  1813,  having  suc 
ceeded  J.  Wetherell,  resigned.  He  was  a 
personal  friend  of  Jefferson  and  Madison, 
and  gave  his  earnest  support  to  the  meas 
ures  for  the  prosecution  of  the  war.  On 
his  retirement  from  Congress  he  was  ap 
pointed  Surgeon  in  the  army,  and  removed 
to  the  City  of  New  York ;  he  was  subse 
quently  stationed  at  Greenbush,  St.  Louis, 
and  at  Norfolk,  and  held  this  office  until 

1816.  As  an  instance  of  his  physical  en 
durance,  it  may  be  mentioned  that  he,  on 
one  occasion,  rode  on  horseback  from  St. 
Louis,  Missouri,  to  Albany,  New  York, 
in  twenty-nine  consecutive  days.    He  died 
at  Clarendon,  Vermont,  October  22,  1827. 

Shaiv,  Trlstam.  —  Born  in  New 
Hampshire,  in  1787;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1839  to  1843 ;  and  died  at  Exeter,  New 
Hampshire,  March  14,  1843. 

Sheafe,  James.—  He  was  born  in 
1755;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  from  1799  to  1801; 
a  Senator  in  Congress  in  1801  and  1802, 
resigning  June,  1802;  and  died  at  Ports 
mouth,  New  Hampshire,  in  1829. 

Sheffer,  Daniel. —  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1839. 

Sheffey,  Daniel.— He  was  born  at 
Frederick,  Maryland,  in  1770;  had  a  lim 
ited  education ;  was  bred  to  the  trade  of 
a  shoemaker,  and  settled  in  Augusta,  Vir 
ginia  ;  he  afterwards  studied  law,  engaged 
in  a  lucrative  practice,  and  frequently 
represented  his  county  in  the  House  of 
Delegates.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1809  to 

1817,  and  took  a  high  rank.    His  speech 
in  favor  of  the  renewal  of  the  first  Bank 
of  the  United  States  was  a  masterly  pro 
duction.    He  was  opposed  to  the  war  of 


1812.  He  died  at  his  home,  December  3, 
1830. 

Sheffield,    William    P.  —  He    was 

born  at  New  Shoreham  (Block  Island), 
Newport  County,  Rhode  Island,  August 
30,  1820.  His  education  was  obtained  first 
at  Kingston  Academy,  and  then  from  a 
private  tutor;  studied  law  at  Harvard 
University,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1844.  In  1841  and  1842  he  was  elected 
to  Conventions  called  to  frame  a  State 
Constitution;  in  1845  he  was  elected, 
from  his  native  town,  to  the  State  Assem 
bly  ;  removing  his  residence  to  Tiverton, 
he  was  again  elected  to  the  Assembly  in 
1849,  where  he  continued  to  serve  until 
1853,  when  he  resigned  his  seat,  and  set 
tled  in  Newport.  That  city  he  represent 
ed  in  the  Assembly  from  1857  to  1861, 
when  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Rhode  Island,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Commerce,  and  on  For 
eign  Affairs. 

Shelldbarger,  Samuel.  —  Born  in 

Clark  County,  Ohio,  December  10,  1817; 
graduated  at  the  Miami  University,  Ohio, 
in  1841;  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  Legislature  in 
1852  and  1853 ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenses  in  the  Interior  De 
partment.  In  1864  he  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Elections  and  Expendi 
tures  in  the  State  Department,  and  the 
Special  Committees  on  the  Civil  Service, 
and  the  New  Orleans  Riots,  and  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  the  Provost 
Marshal  Bureau.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  Philadelphia  Loyalists'  Conven 
tion"  of  1866,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  the  Assassination  of  President 
Lincoln. 

Shepard,  Charles  B.  —  Born  in 
Newbern,  North  Carolina,  December  5, 
1807;  graduated  at  Chapel  Hill  in  1827; 
was  elected  to  Congress  in  1837,  where  he 
continued  to  serve  until  1841 ;  and  died  in 
October,  1843. 

Shepard,  William  B.  —  Born  in 
Newbern,  North  Carolina,  in  1799;  edu 
cated  at  Chapel  Hill;  studied  law,  and 
became  eminent  in  his  profession;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1827  to 
1837,  when  he  declined  a  re-election ;  in 
1838  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate, 
and  served  five  terms.  He  died  at  Eliza 
beth  City,  June  20,  1852. 

Shepherd,  William.— Born  in  Mas 
sachusetts,  December  1,  1737 ;  he  served 
six  years  as  a  Captain  in  the  Revolution- 


344 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


nry  army,  and  distinguished  himself  at 
William  Henry  and  Crown  Point;  in  1783 
he  was  chosen  a  Brigadier-General,  hav 
ing  fought  in  twenty-two  battles ;  he  was 
subsequently  a  Major-General  of  Militia; 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1797  to  1803.  Died  at  Westflold,  Massa 
chusetts,  November  11,  1817. 

Shepley,  Ether.— A  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maine,  from  1833  to  1836.  He 
•was  born  in  Groton,  Massachusetts,  No 
vember  2,  1789;  graduated  at  Dartmouth 
College  in  1811;  studied  law,  and  com 
menced  the  practice  in  Saco,  but  subse 
quently  settled  in  Portland ;  he  was  in  the 
Massachusetts  Legislature  in  1819;  a 
member  of  the  Convention  that  formed  the 
lirst  Constitution  of  Maine  in  1820;  he 
was,  for  thirteen  years,  Attorney  of  the 
United  States  for  Maine;  after  leaving 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  he  was 
chosen  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Maine,  and  subsequently  Chief  Justice  of 
the  same,  which  latter  position  he  held  un 
til  1855.  While  on  the  bench  he  furnished 
the  materials  for  twenty-six  volumes  of 
Reports,  and,  as  sole  Commissioner,  was 
appointed  to  revise  the  statutes  of  Maine. 
He  was  Trustee  of  Bowdoin  College,  from 
which  institution  he  received  the  degree 
of  LL.D. 

Sheplor,  Matthias.— Born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1837  to  1839. 

Shepperd,  Augustus  H.— He  was 

born  in  Surry  County,  North  Carolina; 
educated  a  lawyer;  served  in  the  House 
of  Commons  from  1822  to  1826 ;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  1829 
to  1839;  again  from  1841  to  1843,  and 
again  from  1847  to  1851. 

Sherburne,  John  S. — He  was  born 
in  New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1776 ;  attended  the  law 
school  at  Harvard ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from 
1793  to  1797 ;  was  United  States  District 
Attorney  in  1803,  and  Judge  of  the  United 
States  District  Court  from  1803  to  1830. 
He  died  in  1830,  aged  seventy-three  years. 

SJieredlne,  Upton.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1701  to  1792. 

Sherman,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Lancaster,  Ohio,  May  10,  1823 ;  received  a 
good  education ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1844.  In  1848 
and  1852  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Whig 
Conventions  of  those  years;  in  1854  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio, 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress ;  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth ;  and,  on  being  returned 
for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  he  was  the 
Republican  candidate  for  Speaker,  and 


after  an  unprecedented  contest,  wanted 
only  one  or  two  votes  to  secure  his  elec 
tion;  and  during  that  Congress  he  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means.  In  I860  he  was  elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  but  in  1861,  on 
the  resignation  of  Senator  Chase,  he  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  Congress,  for  the 
term  expiring  in  1867,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committees  on  Agriculture  and 
on  Finance,  and  as  a  member  of  those  on 
the  Pacific  Railroad  and  the  Judiciary.  la 
January,  1866,  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Senate  for  the  term  commencing  in  1867, 
and  ending  in  1873;  serving  again  at  the 
head  of  the  Finance  Committee,  and  on 
those  on  the  Patent  OiFice  and  the  Pacific 
Railroad.  The  distinguished  General 
bearing  his  name  is  his  brother. 

Sherman,  J.  W.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Unfinished  Business. 

Sherman,  Roger.— Born  at  New 
ton,  Massachusetts,  April  19,  1721.  He 
had  no  advantages  for  education,  yet  he 
was  eager  in  the  pursuit  of  knowledge, 
and  when  apprenticed  to  a  shoemaker,  he 
often  had  a  book  open  before  him  while  at 
his  work.  In  1743  he  removed  to  New 
Milford,  Connecticut,  carrying  his  tools 
upon  his  back;  he  soon  relinquished  his 
trade,  however,  and  was  for  a  time  en 
gaged  in  mercantile  pursuits.  He  after 
wards  studied  law,  and  settled  in  New 
Haven,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1754.  He  was  Judge  of  the  County,  Su 
perior,  and  Supreme  Courts  for  a  period 
of  twenty-three  years ;  and  a  member  of 
the  First  Congress,  in  1774,  and  continued 
a  member  for  many  years.  He  signed  the 
Declaration  of  Independence  in  1776,  and 
also  the  Articles  of  Confederation  and  the 
Constitution.  After  the  adoption  of  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  in  re 
gard  to  which  he  took  a  prominent  part, 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Connecticut,  and  chosen  a 
Senator  in  1791,  continuing  in  that  station 
until  his  death,  July  23,  1793.  He  was  a 
profound  and  sagacious  statesman,  an 
able  and  upright  judge,  and  an  exemplary 
Christian.  He  was  made  Master  of  Arts 
by  Yale  College,  and  was  Treasurer  of 
that  institution  from  1766  to  1776. 

Sherman,  Socrates  N.  —  He  was 
born  in  Vermont,  and  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Expenditures  in  the  Interior 
Department. 

Sherrill,  Eliakim.  —  llc  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847 
to  1849,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Com- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


345 


mittee  on  Manufactures.  He  served  as 
au  officer  in  the  Rebellion,  and  was  killed 
at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg. 

Shenvood,    Samuel.  —  He   was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1813  to  1815;  was  a  success 
ful  lawyer  in  Delhi  from  1800  to  1833. 
He  died  in  New  York  in  November,  1862. 

Sherwood,    Samuel  B.  —  He  was 

born  in  Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1786;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1817  to 
1819,  and  died  in  1833. 

Shiel,  George  K. — He  was  born  in 
Ireland,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Oregon,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  the 
Pacific  Railroad. 

Shields,  Benjamin  G. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Alaba 
ma,  from  1841  to  1843. 

Shields,  Ebenezer  «7.  —  Born  in 
Georgia,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from 
1835  to  1839.  Died  May  20,  1846. 

SJiields,  James.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1829  to  1831.  Died  in  Butler  County, 
Ohio,  in  1831. 

Shields,  James.— Was  born  in  Coun 
ty  Tyrone,  Ireland,  in  1810,  and  emigrated 
to  America  about  1826.  He  pursued  his 
mathematical  and  classical  studies  until 
the  year  1832,  when  he  went  to  Illinois, 
and  commenced  the  practice  of  law  at 
Kaskaskia.  In  1836  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Illinois  Legislature,  and 
Auditor  of  the  State  in  1839.  In  1843  he 
was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court;  and  in  1845  Commissioner  of  the 
General  Land  Office.  At  the  commence 
ment  of  the  Mexican  war  he  was  appoint 
ed,  by  President  Polk,  a  Brigadier-General 
in  the  United  States  army,  and,  for  his 
distinguished  services  during  the  course 
of  the  war,  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Brevet  Major-General.  In  1848  he  was 
appointed  Governor  of  Oregon  Territory, 
which  he  resigned.  In  1849  he  was  elect 
ed  to  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
for  the  term  of  six  years,  from  the  State 
of  Illinois.  He  subsequently  took  up  his 
residence  in  the  Territory  of  Minnesota, 
and  in  1857  was  elected  to  represent  the 
same  in  the  Senate  of  the  United  States, 
when  it  became  a  State,  in  which  position 
he  served  two  years.  During  the  troubles 
of  1861  he  served  as  a  General  in  the 
Union  army. 

Shinn,  William  N.— He  was  born 
In  New  Jersey ;  a  farmer  by  occupation ; 


and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1337. 

Shipherd,  Zebulon  R. — Ha  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1813  to  1815.  Died  in  Moriah, 
Essex  County,  New  York. 

Shippen,  William. — Born  in  Penn 
sylvania;  graduated  at  Princeton  College 
in  1754.  Studied  medicine  in  Edinburgh, 
and  on  his  return,  in  1764,  he  began  in  Phil 
adelphia  the  first  course  of  lectures  on 
anatomy  ever  delivered  in  America.  He 
assisted  in  establishing  the  Medical  School 
of  Philadelphia,  and  was  appointed  one 
of  its  professors.  In  1777  he  was  ap 
pointed  Director-General  of  the  Medical 
Department  in  the  army,  and  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1778  to  1780.  Died  in  1808. 

Shorter,  Ell  S. — Born  in  Monticel- 
lo,  Georgia,  March  15,  1823 ;  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1843 ;  was  a  lawyer  by 
profession,  but  engaged  in  the  planting 
business.  He  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Alabama,  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Indian  Af 
fairs. 

Shower,  Jacob.  — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1853  to  1855. 

Sibley,  Henry  H.—  He  was  born  in 
February,  1811,  in  Detroit,  Michigan; 
spent  much  of  his  early  life  on  the  North 
western  frontier ;  was  for  many  years  an 
Indian  trader  in  the  employ  of  the  Amer 
ican  Eur  Company,  at  Mackinaw  and  Fort 
Snelling;  was  a  Delegate  to  Congress, 
from  Minnesota  Territory,  from  1849  to 
1853 ;  and,  having  witnessed  the  progress 
of  Minnesota  from  a  wilderness  to  an  or 
ganized  State,  he  was  elected,  in  1857,  its 
first  Governor,  serving  a  part  of  1858. 
He  was  a  Brigadier-General  of  Volunteers 
during  the  Rebellion ;  commanded  an  ex 
pedition  against  the  Minnesota  Indians  in 
1863,  and  was  subsequently  brevetted  a 
Major-General  of  Volunteers.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Cleveland  "  Soldiers' 
Convention"  of  1866;  and  in  1867  was 
appointed  a  visitor  to  the  West  Point 
Academy.  He  was  the  son  of  Solomon 
Sibley. 

Sibley,  Jonas. — He  was  born  in  Sut- 
ton,  Massachusetts,  March  17,  1762;  for 
thirty-five  years  held  a  variety  of  town 
offices ;  from  1806  to  1823  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature ;  was  an 
Elector  for  President  in  1820;  served 
again  in  both  houses  of  the  Legislature ; 
was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitutional 
Convention"  of  1820;  a  member  of  Con 
gress,  from  Worcester  County,  Massachu- 


346 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


setts,  from  1823  to  1825 ;  and  died  at  Sut- 
ton,  in  that  State,  February  10,  1834,  aged 
seventy-two  years. 

Sibley,  Marte  H. — Born  in  Great 
Barrlngton,  Massachusetts,  in  1796,  and 
removed  to  Canandaigua.  New  York,  in 
18H.  He  studied  law,  and  was  distin 
guished  as  an  advocate.  lie  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in  1834 
and  1835;  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1837  to  1839;  subsequently  a  State 
Sena!.oi :  and  in  184t>  a  County  Judge.  He- 
died  in  Canaudaigua,  Mew  York,  Septem 
ber  8,  1852. 

Sibley,  Solomon.—  He  was  born  in 
Sutton,  Massachusetts,  October  7,  17G9. 
He  studied  law.  and  removed  to  Ohio,  in 
1795,  establishing  himself  first  at  Marietta, 
and  then  at  Cincinnati,  in  the  practice  of 
his  profession  He  removed  to  Detroit  in 
1797,  and  in  1799  was  elected  to  the  first 
Territorial  Legislature  of  the  North 
western  Territory.  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
Congress,  from  the  Territory  of  Michi 
gan,  from  1820  to  1823 ;  in  1824  he  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and 
held  the  oltice  until  1836,  when  he  re 
signed  in  consequence  of  increasing  deaf 
ness.  He  died  at  Detroit,  April  4~  1846. 
He  was  universally  respected  for  his  tal- 
euts  and  manifold  virtues. 

Sickles,  Daniel  E. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  in  October,  1821 ;  acquired  the 
printer's  trade,  which  he  followed  for 
some  years ;  he  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1843;  in  1847  he  was 
elected  to  the  Assembly  of  New  York,  and 
in  1856  to  the  State  Senate.  For  a  short 
time,  when  Mr.  Buchanan  was  the  Amer 
ican  Minister  in  England,  he  was  the  Sec 
retary  of  that  legation ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  "from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress;  before  the  expiration  of  his  first 
term,  in  February,  1859,  he  killed  Philip 
Barton  Key,  for  "dishonoring  his  bed." 
His  trial  lasted  twenty  days,  and  he  was 
acquitted.  He  served  in  the  army  during 
the  Rebellion,  lost  a  leg  in  battle,  and  at 
tained  the  rank  of  Major-General  of  Vol 
unteers.  In  18G6  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Johnson  Minister  Resident  to 
the  Netherlands,  but  declined,  and  was 
subsequently  appointed  a  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  in  the  regular  army  and  in  1867 
brevetted  a  Major-General  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  at  Gettysburg. 

Sickles,  NicJiolas. — He  was  born  in 
Kiuderhook,  New  York;  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  1835  to  1837;  and 
died  at  Kingston,  New  York,  May  13, 
1845. 

Sill,  Thomas  H.— He  was  a  native 


of  Connecticut ;  a  lawyer  by  profession ; 
and  settled  in  the  practice  at  Erie,  Penn 
sylvania,  in  1812,  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Convention  to  revise  the  State  Consti 
tution;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1829  to  1831, 
having  served  in  the  same  capacity  for  an 
nnexpircd  term  iu  1826.  In  18^5  and  1849 
he  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Silsbee,  Nathaniel.—  Born  in  Essex 
County,  Massachusetts,  in  1773,  and  died 
at  Salem  Massachusetts,  July  1,  1850.  He 
was  a  distinguished  and  successful  mer 
chant,  and  frequently  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature,  and  was  for  three  years  Pres 
ident  of  the  State  Senate;  he  served  as  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1816  to 
1820 ;  and  was  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States  from  1826  to  1835;  also  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1837.  He  was  the  firm 
supporter  of  the  administration  of  John 
Quincy  Adams,  and  when  his  term  expired, 
Mr.  Silsbee  offered  to  vacate  his  seat  in 
the  Senate  in  his  favor,  but  the  ex-Presi 
dent  declined  the  proposal. 

Silvester,  Peter. — He  was  born  in 
New  York ;  was  a  member  of  the  Albany 
Committee  of  Safety  in  1774,  and  of  the 
New  York  Provincial  Congress;  was  a 
Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas  in  1776;  and 
elected  a  member  of  the  First  Congress 
under  the  Federal  Constitution.  He  was 
subsequently  a  State  Senator,  and  died  at 
Kinderhook,  January  30,  1845. 

Silvester,  Peter  H. — He  was  born  at 
Kinderhook,  Columbia  County,  New  York, 
February  17,  1807;  graduated  at  Union 
College  in  1827;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1847  to  1851. 

Simkins,  Eldred.—lle  was  born  in 
Edgefleld  District,  South  Carolina,  Au 
gust  29,  1779 ;  was  educated  for  the  bar  at 
Litchfleld,  Connecticut;  was  partner  of 
Mr.  McDuffie;  served  frequently  in  the 
Legislature ;  was  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
South  Carolina  in  1812;  a  General  of 
Militia;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  South  Carolina,  from  1817  to 
1821.  Died  at  Edgefield  in  1832. 

Simmons,  George  A. — He  was  born 
in  New  Hampshire;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1816;  served  a  number 
of  years  in  the  Assembly  of  that  State; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty- 
fourth  Congresses,  from  that  State.  In 
1852  he  received  from  his  Alma  Mater  the 
degree  of  LL  D.,  and  died  October  27, 
1857,  aged  sixty-six  years,  at  Keesville, 
New  York. 

Simmons,  James  F.  Born  in  Lit 
tle  Comptou,  Rhode  Island,  September  10, 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECOBDS. 


347 


1795.  His  employments  were  farming  and 
manufacturing;  he  was  a  member  of  the 
General  Assembly  from  1828  to  1841; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1841, 
for  six  years,  to  March  4,  1847;  again 
chosen  for  another  term,  beginning  March 
4,  1857,  but  resigned  in  August,  1802,  and 
served  as  a  member  of  the  Committees  cm 
Claims,  on  Patents,  and  the  Patent  Office, 
and  on  Finance.  During  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  he  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Patents.  Died  iu  Johnson, 
Ehode  Island,  July  10,  1864. 

Simms,  William  E.—  Born  in  Ken 
tucky  ;  and  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  the  Militia. 

Simons,  Samuel. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  iu  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 
from  1843  to  1845 ;  and  died  in  Bridgeport, 
Connecticut,  January  13,  1847,  aged  fifty- 
five  years. 

Simonton,    William. — He   was   a 

member  of  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1839  to  1843;  and  died  at  South 
Hanover,  Pennsylvania,  May  18,  1846. 

Simpson,  Richard  F.— He  was  born 
in  South  Carolina;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1843  to  1847.  He 
graduated  at  the  University  of  South  Caro 
lina  in  1816;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  and  before  entering  Congress  had 
been  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  his  native 
State. 

Sims,  Alexander  Z>.— He  was  born 
in  Brunswick  County,  Virginia,  June  12, 
1803;  and  died  at  Kingstree,  South  Caro 
lina,  November  16, 1848.  He  went  through 
a  course  of  studies  at  Chapel  Hill,  North 
Carolina,  and  finished  his  education  at 
Union  College,  New  York.  He  read  and 
practised  law  in  Virginia;  and,  removing 
to  South  Carolina,  taught  an  academy  at 
Darlington  Court  House.  In  1829  he 
commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  South 
Carolina,  and  became  a  prominent  mem 
ber  of  the  bar  iu  that  State.  He  had  a 
taste  for  politics,  and  during  the  Nullifica 
tion  times  was  active  and  decided ;  and  he 
was  a  member  of  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1845  to  1848.  He  also 
served  in  the  State  Legislature  in  1840 
and  1842. 

Sims,  Leonard  H.— Born  in  North 
Carolina;  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  iu  Congress,  from  Missouri,  from 
1845  to  1847. 

Singleton,  Otho  R.—  Born  in  Jessa 
mine  County,  Kentucky ;  graduated  at  St. 
Joseph  College,  Bardstown,  Kentucky, 
and  adopted  the  law  as  a  profession;  he 
was  two  years  in  the  lower  house  of  the 
Mississippi  Legislature ;  six  years  in  the 


State  Senate ;  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1852 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative  to 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  and  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  the 
same  State,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Joint  Committee  on  Printing.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on, 
the  Committee  on  Roads  and  Canals. 
Joined  the  great  Rebellion  in  1861. 

Singleton,  Thomas  D.  —  He  was 

elected  to  Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
in  1833,  and,  while  on  his  way  to  Washing 
ton  to  take  his  seat  in  December,  he  died 
at  Raleigh,  North  Carolina. 

SinnicJcson,  Thomas.— Born  in  Sa 
lem  County,  New  Jersey ;  received  a  clas 
sical  education,  and  was  bred  a  merchant. 
He  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  at 
the  battles  of  Trenton  and  Princeton,  in 
the  capacity  of  Captain;  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  Council  and  As 
sembly  of  New  Jersey,  and  the  Presiding 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas ;  he 
was  a  Correspondent  of  the  Committee  of 
Safety  during  the  Revolution ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  the  First  Congress,  after 
the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  from, 
1789  to  1791,  and  again  from  1797  to  1799; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1801 ;  and 
was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  locating 
the  Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac. 

SinnicJcson,  Thomas.— Born  in  Sa 
lem,  New  Jersey,  December  13,  1786 ;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education ;  com 
menced  active  life  as  a  merchant;  was  a 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for 
twenty  years ;  a  member  of  the  New  Jer 
sey  Legislature ;  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Errors  and  Appeals;  ami  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  during  the  years  1828 
and  1829. 

Sitgr  eaves  f  Charles.— He  was  born 
in  Easton,  Pennsylvania,  April  22,  1803; 
received  a  liberal  education;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law,  and  settled  in  New  Jer 
sey;  was  Major  Commandant  in  the  State 
military  service  from  1828  to  1838 ;  mem 
ber  of  the  New  Jersey  Assembly  iu  1831 
and  1833 ;  was  a  member,  in  1834,  of  the 
Legislative  Council;  member  and  Presi 
dent  of  the  same  iu  1835 ;  member  of  the 
State  Senate  from  1852  to  1854;  was  made 
a  Trustee  of  the  State  Normal  School  in 
1855,  which  he  vacated  in  1864,  when  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
Jersey,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 
Other  offices  which  he  held  were  as  fol 
lows:  Mayor  of  Philipsburg,  in  1861, 
declining  a  re-election;  President  of  the 
Belvidere  and  Delaware  Railroad  Com 
pany  ;  and  President  of  the  Bank  at  Phil- 
lipsburg.  He  was  also  one  of  the  Repre 
sentatives  designated  by  the  House  to 
attend  the  funeral  of  General  Scott  in 
1866.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 


348 


BIOQEAPHICAL    ItECOEDS. 


f/ress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Mili 
tary  Affairs. 

Sitgr eaves,  John. — He  was  an  offi 
cer  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution ;  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  North  Carolina,  from  1784  to  1785; 
in  1790  he  was  appointed  Attorney-Gen 
eral  for  that  State,  and  soon  afterwards 
was  appointed  Judge  of  the  United  States 
District  Court  for  the  District  of  North 
Carolina.  Died  at  Halifax,  in  March, 
1801. 

Sitgreaves,  Samuel.— He  was  born 
in  Philadelphia ;  liberally  educated ;  stud 
ied  law,  and  settled  in  Eastou,  Pennsylva 
nia;  was  a  member,  in  1790,  of  the  "  Con 
stitutional  Convention"  of  the  State;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1795  to  1798 ;  and  was  then 
appointed,  by  President  Adams,  Commis 
sioner  to  treat  with  Great  Britain.  Died 
April  4,  1824. 

SJcelton,  Charles.— Born  in  Penn 
sylvania;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1851  to 
1855. 

Skinner,  Richard. — He  was  born  at 
Litchfleld,  Connecticut,  May  30,  1788;  and 
received  his  education  at  the  celebrated 
law  school  of  his  native  town ;  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1800 ;  and  removed  to 
Manchester,  Vermont.  In  1801  he  was 
appointed  State's  Attorney  for  Beunington 
County,  and  in  1809  Judge  of  Probate; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1813  to  1815;  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  in  1816;  and  Chief  Justice  in 
1817.  In  1818  he  was  elected  to  the  low 
er  branch  of  the  Legislature,  and  was 
Speaker.  He  was  Governor  in  1820, 1821, 
and  1822 ;  was  reappointed  Chief  Justice 
In  1824,  and  resigned  in  1829.  He  died  at 
Manchester,  May  23,  1833,  much  re 
spected  for  his  public  services  and  pri 
vate  worth.  He  was  President  of  the 
North-eastern  Branch  of  the  American 
Education  Society;  was  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  Middlebury  College, 
from  which  institution  he  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  He  was  also  interest 
ed  in  various  local  benevolent  associa 
tions. 

Skinner,  <Jr.,   Thomson  J.  —  He 

was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  from  1796  to  1799,  and 
again  from  1803  to  1804 ;  and,  having  on 
bis  flrst  election  succeeded  T.  Sedgewick, 
in  1804  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Jefferson,  Commissioner  of  Loans. 

Slade,  Charles. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  from 
1833  to  1834 ;  and  died  in  July  of  the  same 
year,  on  his  return  from  Washington,  in 


Knox  County,  Indiana,  after  an  illness  of 
only  twenty-four  hours. 

Slade,  William.— Born  in  Cornwall, 
Vermont,  May  9,  1786 ;  graduated  at  Mid 
dlebury  College  in  1807;  and,  having  stud 
ied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810. 
In  1813  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector. 
From  1814  to  1816  he  published  and  edited 
the  "  Columbian  Patriot,"  and  at  the  same 
time  kept  a  book-store;  in  1815  he  was 
elected  Secretary  of  State,  which  office  he 
held  eight  years,  during  six  of  which  he 
officiated  as  Judge  of  the  Addison  County 
Court;  and  was  subsequently  State's  At 
torney  for  the  same  county.  From  1823 
to  1829  he  was  a  Clerk  in  the  State  De 
partment  at  Washington.  His  service  in 
Congress,  as  a  Representative  from  Ver 
mont,  was  from  1831  to  1843.  On  his  re 
tirement  from  Congress,  he  was  elected 
Reporter  of  the  Decisions  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Vermont,  which  office  he  held 
one  year ;  and  in  1844  he  was  chosen  Gov 
ernor  of  Vermont.  He  was  subsequently 
made  Secretary  of  the  National  Board  of 
Popular  Education,  having  for  its  object 
the  furnishing  of  the  West  with  teachers 
from  the  East.  In  1823  he  published. the 
"  Vermont  State  Papers ;  "  in  1825  the 
"  Statutes  of  Vermont;"  and  in  1844  a 
volume  of  "  Vermont  Reports."  He  died 
at  Middlebury,  Vermont,  January  18, 
1859. 

SlaymaJcer,  Amos.— He  was  born 
in  the  London  Lands,  Lancaster  County, 
Pennsylvania,  March  11,  1755;  received  a 
good  common-school  education ;  served  as 
a  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  paid 
much  attention  to  farming,  and  officiated 
as  a  magistrate ;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  dur 
ing  a  part  of  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  to 
fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of 
James  Whitehill.  He  died  in  Salisbury, 
Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania,  June  12, 
1837. 

Slidell,  John. — Born  in  New  York 
about  the  year  1793,  and,  on  reaching  the 
age  of  manhood,  removed  to  New  Orleans, 
where  he  established  himself  as  a  lawyer, 
and  practised  his  profession  with  success. 
He  was  appointed,  by  President  Jackson, 
United  States  District  Attorney ;  was  fre 
quently  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Lou 
isiana;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1843  to  1845 ;  while  in  Congress  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Polk,  Minis 
ter  to  Mexico ;  and  in  1853  was  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  for  the  unex- 
pired  term  of  Senator  Soule,  and  was  re- 
elected  for  six  years,  and  was  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  the  Condition  of  the 
Banks,  and  a  member  of  the  Committees 
on  Naval  Affairs  and  Foreign  Relations.  He 
withdrew,  and  became  identified  with  the 
Rebellion  of  1861.  He  went  to  France  as 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SECONDS. 


349 


a  Minister  from  the  Rebel  Government; 
was  captured  by  the  San  Jacinto,  on  his 
passage  out:  imprisoned  in  Fort  Warren, 
and  after  being  released  took  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Paris. 

Slingerland,  John  I.— He  was  born 
in  Albany  County,  New  York,  March  1, 
1804 ;  received  a  good  common-school  ed 
ucation  ;  and,  as  a  business,  has  devoted 
nearly  his  whole  life  to  agricultural  pur 
suits.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
Legislature  in  1843,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1847  to  1849.  Died  in  Albany,  October  26, 
1861. 

Sloan,  A.  Scott. — Born  in  Morris- 
ville,  Madison  County,  New  York,  in  1820; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  in  1847  was 
elected  Clerk  of  Madison  County;  re 
moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1854;  elected  to 
the  Wisconsin  Legislature  in  1856;  ap 
pointed  a  Circuit  Judge  in  1858;  and  in 
18(30  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Wisconsin,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  ou  the  Committee  on  Ter 
ritories. 

Sloan,  Ithamar  C.—  Born  in  Madi 
son  County,  New  York;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law ;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in 
1854;  in  1858  and  1860  he  was  chosen 
District  Attorney  of  Rock  County ;  and  in 
1862  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Wisconsin,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands,  and  also  on  that  on  Expenses  in  the 
War  Department.  Re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  the  Death  of  President  Lincoln, 
Claims,  and  Expenses  of  the  War  Depart 
ment. 

Sloan,  James. — He  was  a  Represent- 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1803  to  1809;  a  resident  of  Gloucester 
County,  and  a  member  of  the  Society  of 
Friends.  Died  in  New  Jersey,  in  Novem 
ber,  1811. 

Sloane,  John.—  Born  In  York,  Penn 
sylvania,  but  removed  to  Ohio  while 
yet  a  Territory.  He  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  General  Assembly  in  1804,  and  in 
1805  and  1806  was  Speaker.  .  He  was  a 
Receiver  of  Public  Moneys  at  Canton 
from  1808  to  1816,  and  afterwards  at 
Wooster  until  1819,  when  he  was  elected 
to  Congress  as  a  Representative,  continu 
ing  a  member  until  1829.  He  was  Clerk 
of  the  Common  Pleas  for  seven  years, 
Secretary  of  State  for  three  years,  and 
Treasurer  of  the  United  States  under 
President  Fillmore.  He  was  a  Colonel  of 
Militia  during  the  war  of  1812,  and  died 
in  Wooster,  May  15,  1856,  aged  seventy- 
seven  years. 


Sloane,  Jonathan. — He  was  born 
in  Massachusetts,  and,  having  settled  in 
Ohio,  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1837. 

Slocum,  Jesse.— Was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
from  1817  to  1820,  and  died  in  Washing 
ton,  before  the  expiration  of  his  term,  De 
cember  20th  of  the  latter  year. 

Smart,  Ephraim  .K.  --  Born  at 
Prospect  (now  Searsport),  Maine,  in  1813. 
He  was  thrown  upon  his  own  resources 
to  obtain  means  of  education,  which  he 
received  at  the  Maine  Wesleyan  Seminary. 
After  the  study  of  law  for  three  years,  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Camden.  He 
was  appointed  Postmaster  in  1838,  and  in 
1841  was  elected  State  Senator.  In  1842  he 
was  Aid  to  the  Governor,  with  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Senate  the  same  year.  In  1813  he 
went  to  Missouri,  and  practised  lasv,  as 
an  Attorney  and  Counsellor  and  Solicitor 
in  Chancery;  but  returned  to  Camden,  and 
was  again  Postmaster  in  1845.  He  was  a 
Representative,  from  Maine,  in  Congress, 
from  1847  to  1849,  and  from  1851  to  1853, 
From  1853  to  1858  he  was  Collector  at 
Belfast.  In  1854  he  established  the 
"Maine  Free  Press,"  and  was  its  editor 
three  years ;  and  in  1858  returned  to  the 
practice  of  law  in  Camden,  and  in  Sep 
tember  of  that  year  was  again  elected  to 
the  Legislature. 

Smelt,  Dennis,  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1806  to  1811. 

Smilie,  John. — He  was  born  in  Ire 
land,  but  emigrated  to  this  country  when 
young;  held  many  civil  and  military  posi 
tions  during  the  Revolution;  served  in 
the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania,  his 
adopted  State,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1793  to  1795,  and  again  from  1799  to  1813. 
In  1797  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector. 
Died  in  Washington,  December  30,  1813, 
aged  seventy-six  years. 

Smith,  Albert.  — Bora  in  Hanover, 
Plymouth  County,  Massachusetts,  January 
3, 1793;  graduated  at  Brown  University  in 
1813;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816;  re 
moved  to  Maine  in  1817;  and  was  sent  to 
the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts  in 
1820 ;  was  for  many  years  a  Postmaster  in 
Maine ;  from  1830  to  1838  he  was  Marshal 
of  the  United  States  for  Maine ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1839  to 
1841;  and  in  1842  he  was  appointed  the 
United  States  Commissioner  to  settle  the 
North-eastern  Boundary,  under  the  Ash- 
burton  Treaty,  which  business  was  com 
pleted  in  1847.  Died  in,  Boston,  May  29, 
1867. 


350 


BIOGRAPHICAL   KECOEDS. 


Smith,  Albert. — He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
Assembly,  from  Genesee  County,  in  1842, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1843  to  1847. 

Smith,  Arthur.  —Born  in  the  County 
of  Isle  of  Wight,  Virginia,  November  15, 
1785 ;  was  educated  at  the  College  of  Wil 
liam  and  Mary ;  served  with  credit  at  the 
head  of  a  MLlitia  force  at  Norfolk,  in  1812 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Privy  Council  of 
Virginia,  and  subsequently  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1821  to  1825. 
He  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  but  never 
practised.  Died  in  Virginia,  March  30, 
1853. 

Smith,  Ballard.—llQ  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1815  to  1821. 

Smith,  Bernard.— Born  in  Morris- 
town,  New  Jersey ;  held  an  office  in  Wash 
ington  for  a  time,  and  was  sent  as  a  Spe 
cial  Bearer  of  Dispatches  to  Europe ;  was 
subsequently  Collector  and  Postmaster 
of  New  Brunswick;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1819 
to  1821 ;  and  during  the  latter  year  he  was 
appointed  Register  of  the  Land  Office  in 
Arkansas,  which  office  he  held  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  at  Little  Rock,  July 
16,  1835,  aged  flfty-nine  years.  During 
his  residence  in  Arkansas  he  served  the 
Government  as  an  Indian  Agent. 

Smith,  Caleb  B.  —  He  was  born  in 
Boston,  Massachusetts,  April  16,  1808; 
emigrated  with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in 
1814;  and  was  educated  at  the  Cincin 
nati  College  and  Miami  University ;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law,  and  settled  in 
Indiana ;  in  1832  he  established  and  edited 
a  Whig  journal  called  the  "  Indiana  Sen 
tinel  ;  "  in  1833  he  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  Legislature;  re-elected  in  1831, 
1835,  and  1836,  during  the  latter  year 
officiating  as  Speaker;  in  1847  and  1848 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Fund 
Commissioners ;  and  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from 
1843  to  1849.  He  was  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1840  and  1856 ;  and  after  leav 
ing  Congress,  in  1849,  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Taylor,  one  of  the  members 
of  the  Board  for  Investigating  the  Claims 
of  American  citizens  against  Mexico.  He 
subsequently  practised  his  profession  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio;  and  in  1861  was  ap 
pointed  Secretary  of  the  Interior  Depart 
ment,  by  President  Lincoln.  He  was  also 
a  member  of  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  held  in 
Washington  in  February,  1861.  In  De 
cember,  1862,  he  resigned  the  office  of 
Secretary,  and  was  appointed  Judge  of 
the  United  States  District  Court  for  the 
District  of  Indiana.  Died  January  8. 
1864. 


Smith,  Daniel.— He  was  one  of  the 
earliest  emigrants  to  Tennessee ;  a  Gen 
eral  of  Militia ;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Tennessee,  during  the  year  1798, 
when  he  was  superseded  by  J.  Anderson, 
and  again  from  1805  to  1809.  He  died  in 
duly,  1818. 

Smith,  Delazon. — Was  born  in  New 
Berlin,  Clieiiango  County,  New  York; 
graduated  at  the  Oberlin  Collegiate  Insti 
tute,  of  Ohio,  in  1837;  he  studied  law, 
but  becoming  a  writer  for  the  press,  was 
associated  with  the  "  Rochester  True  Jcf- 
fersonian,"  in  New  York,  and  the  "  West 
ern  Empire,"  in  Dayton,  Ohio;  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Tyler,  Special 
Commissioner  to  Quito;  in  1846  he  re 
moved  to  Iowa  Territory,  where  he  re 
mained  until  1852,  when  he  emigrated  to 
Oregon  Territory ;  in  1854  he  was  elected 
to  the  Assembly  of  Oregon,  and  re-elected 
in  1855  and  1850;  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  in  1857  which  formed  a  State 
Constitution;  and  in  July,  1858,  he  was 
chosen  one  of  the  Senators  in  Congress 
for  the  prospective  State,  and  took  his 
seat  as  such  in  February,  1859.  Died  in 
Portland,  Oregon,  November  17,  1860. 

Smith,  Edward  Henri/.— He  was 

born  at  Smithtown,  Long  Island,  in  1809; 
received  a  good  common-school  educa 
tion  ;  was  bred  a  farmer,  to  which  occu 
pation  he  has  devoted  his  whole  life ;  and 
in  1860  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Ag 
riculture,  and  Expenditures  in  the  Post 
Office  Department. 

Smith,   Francis   O.  «7.  —  He   was 

born  in  Massachusetts;  bred  to  the  law; 
was  elected  to  the  Assembly  of  Maine  in 
1831;  was  President  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1833;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maine,  from  1833  to  1839.  Of 
late  years  he  has  been  much  interested  in 
telegraph  and  railroad  enterprises. 

Smith,  George.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1809  to  1813. 

SmitJi,  Gerrit.—'Born  in  New  York, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Smith,  Green  Clay.— Born  in  Rich 
mond,  Kentucky,  July  2,  1830;  gradu 
ated  at  Transylvania  University  in  1849, 
and  in  the  Law  Department  of  the  same 
institution  in  1852;  was  a  School  Com 
missioner  from  1853  to  1857,  establishing 
a  great  number  of  schools ;  served  as  Sec 
ond  Lieutenant  in  the  Mexican  war;  after 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion,  in  1861, 
he  had  command  of  the  Fourth  Kentucky 
Cavalry;  and  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature;  was  appointed  a  Brigadier- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


351 


General  in  1862,  and  subsequently  pro 
moted  to  the  rank  of  Major-General;  was 
present  at  the  battle  of  Ball's  Bluff  and 
about  fifty  other  engagements ;  and  in  1863 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the.  Committees  on  Elections, 
and  on  the  Militia.  His  commission  as 
General  he  resigned  on  the  1st  December, 
1863.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Balti 
more  Convention"  of  1864.  His  father, 
John  Speed  Smith,  was  also  in  Congress. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Death 
of  President  Lincoln  and  Public  Expendi 
tures,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
the  Militia,  and  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Debts  of  the  Loyal  States.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  National  Com 
mittee  appointed  to  accompany  the  re 
mains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois.  In 
1866,  while  still  in  Congress,  he  was  ap 
pointed  Governor  of  Montana,  by  Presi 
dent  Johnson. 

Smith,  Isaac.  —  He  was  a  graduate 
of  Princeton  College  in  1755,  and  a  tutor 
in  that  institution;  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1795  to 
1797 ;  was  appointed,  by  President  Wash 
ington,  in  the  latter  year,  a  Commissioner 
to  treat  with  the  Seneca  Indians ;  and  was 
a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  New 
Jersey.  He  died  in  1807. 

Smith,  Isaac. — He  was  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1813  to 
1815. 

Smith,  Israel. — Born  in  Connecticut, 
April  4,  1759.  He  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1781,  studied  law,  and  settled  at 
Rupert,  Vermont.  He  subsequently  set 
tled  at  Rutland,  and  was  sent  to  the  State 
Legislature  from  that  town.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1791  to 
1797,  again  iu  1800,  and  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  during  the  years  1801  and  1802,  and 
from  1803  to  1807,  when  he  resigned.  He 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1809;  and 
also  appointed  Chief  Justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  in  1797,  and  was  Governor 
of  Vermont  in  1807.  He  died  December 
2,  1810. 

Smith,  James.—  He  was  born  in  Ire 
land  in  1713,  but  came  to  America  when  a 
boy ;  he  received  a  classical  education  and 
studied  law  in  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania ; 
became  interested  in  iron-works  and  emi 
nent  in  his  profession ;  on  the  approach 
of  war  he  took  an  active  part  in  public 
affairs ;  he  raised  a  company  and  com 
manded  it  in  the  field,  and  was  made  a 
Colonel ;  also  took  an  active  part  in  rais 
ing  additional  troops.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1776  to 
1778 ;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde 
pendence;  in  1780  he  entered  the  State 


Legislature,  and  after  retiring  from  that 
office  he  devoted  his  whole  attention  to 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  Died  July 
11,  1800. 

Smith,  James  S.—llc  was  born  in 
Orange  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was 
educated  for  the  medical  profession ; 
served  iu  the  Legislature  of  North  Caro 
lina  in  1821 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1817  to 
1821. 

Smith,  JedediahK. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1807  to  1809 ;  and  from  1822 
to  1825  he  held  the  office  of  Judge  and 
Chief  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  for  Hillsborough  County;  from  1810 
to  1814  he  was  also  a  State  Councillor; 
and  died  in  1828,  aged  fifty-eight  years. 

Smith,  Jeremiah.—  Born  in  Peter 
borough,  New  Hampshire,  and  graduated 
at  Rutgers  College,  New  Jersey,  in  1780, 
anil  also  received  from  Harvard  College, 
the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  in  1791,  and  continued  there 
till  1797,  being  one  of  the  last  survivors  of 
the  distinguished  men  who  participated 
with  Washington  in  the  administration  of 
the  government.  He  was  appointed,  by 
John  Adams,  in  1801,  a  Judge  of  the  Uni 
ted  States  Circuit  Court,  but  did  not  serve, 
as  the  office  was  soon  afterwards  abolished 
by  Congress.  He  was  chosen  Governor  of 
New  Hampshire  in  1809  ;  served  as  aPresi- 
clential  Elector  in  1809,  and  was  for  several 
years  Chief  Justice  of  the  Superior  Court 
of  the  State.  His  extraordinary  mental 
endowments  not  only  remained  unim 
paired,  but  even  shone  forth  brightest 
when  he  was  near  the  close  of  his  long 
life.  Few  persons  have  been  more  widely 
known  as  statesmen  and  jurists,  or  have 
left  behind  them  a  more  enduring  reputa 
tion.  His  acquaintance  with  books  was 
extensive,  and  his  literary  taste  remark 
ably  correct  and  pure.  He  was  highly 
esteemed,  not  only  as  a  lawyer  and  judge, 
but  for  his  eminent  social  qualifications, 
and  for  all  the  attributes  of  a  great  and 
good  man.  He  was  a  devoted  friend  of 
Daniel  Webster,  and  died  at  Dover,  New 
Hampshire,  September  21,  1843. 

Smith,  John. — He  was  a  General  of 
Militia  iu  New  York ;  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  from  1784  to  1799 ;  was 
a  member  of  the  Convention  which  adopt 
ed  the  Constitution ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1799 
to  1804,  when  he  resigned ;  from  1804  to 
1813  he  was  a  Senator  iu  Congress;  and 
was  appointed  in  the  latter  year,  by  Presi 
dent  Madison,  United  States  Marshal  for 
New  York.  He  died  in  1816. 

Smith,  John. — He  was  a  Represents 


352 


BIOGRAPHICAL    ItECOBDti. 


live  in  Congress,  from   Virginia,    from 
1801  to  1815. 

Smith,  John.— He  was  born  in  1735 ; 
was  «i  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1803  to  1808,  when  he  resigned.  Died 
in  July,  1816. 

Smith,  John.— lie  was  born  at  Barre, 
Massachusetts,  in  August,  1789 ;  received 
a  limited  education,  and  removed  in  early 
life  to  St.  Albans,  Vermont,  where  he  was 
admitted  to  practice  as  a  lawyer  in  1810. 
He  represented  St.  Albans  in  the  Legisla 
ture  for  nine  successive  years,  and  was 
elected  State's  Attorney  of  Franklin 
County  in  1826,  and  served  six  years.  In 
1831,  1832,  and  1833,  he  was  Speaker  in 
the  General  Assembly.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Vermont, 
from  1839  to  1841,  after  which  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  In  1846  he 
became  enlisted  in  important  railroad  proj 
ects,  and  was  so  engaged  at  the  time  of 
his  sudden  death,  which  occurred  at  St. 
Albans,  November  26,  1858.  He  received 
the  degree  of  A.M.  from  Middlebury  Col 
lege  and  the  University  of  Vermont. 

Smith,  John  B.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Louisiana, 
from  1853  to  1855. 

Smith,  John  Cotton.— He  was  born 
in  Sharon,  Connecticut,  February  12,  1765, 
and  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1783. 
He  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice,  in  Litchfleld  County,  in  1786.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly 
in  17D3,  and  from  1796  to  1800  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  lower  house,  and  in  1799  was 
elected  Speaker.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1800 
to  1806,  when  he  resigned;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1809 ;  and  was  again  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  until  1809, 
when  he  was  chosen  a  member  of  the 
Council.  He  also  held  the  several  offices 
of  Governor  of  Connecticut,  from  1812  to 
1817,  Lieutenant-Governor,  and  Judge  of 
the  Superior  Court.  He  received  the  de 
gree  of  LL.D.  from  Yale  College ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Northern  Society  of  Anti 
quaries  in  Copenhagen ;  also  of  the  Con 
necticut  Historical  Society,  and  of  various 
religious  associations.  He  died  at  Sharon, 
Connecticut,  November  7,  1845,  and  had 
devoted  the  latter  years  of  his  life  to  ag 
ricultural  and  literary  pursuits. 

Smith,  John  Speed. — Was  born  in 
Jessamine  County,  Kentucky,  July  31, 
1792;  served  as  a  soldier  under  General 
Harrison,  and  was  at  the  battle  of  Tippe- 
canoe ;  was  Aide-de-camp  to  the  same  Gen 
eral  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames,  in  1813. 
In  1819  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  Kentucky  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1821  to 
1823.  In  1827  he  was  again  elected  to  the 


State  Legislature,  and  made  Speaker  of  the 
House;  and  subsequently  served  several 
terms  both  in  the  House  and  Senate.  By 
President  Jackson  he  was  appointed 
United  States  Attorney  for  the  District  of 
Kentucky;  was  at  one  time  a  Commis 
sioner  to  the  Legislature  of  Ohio,  on  a 
mission  of  local  interest;  and  also  Super 
intendent  of  Public  Works  in  Kentucky 
for  several  years.  Died  in  Madison 
County,  June  6,  1854. 

Smith,  John  T.— He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1843  to  1845,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Expenditures  in  the  State 
Department. 

Smith,  Jonathan  B.— He  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1760;  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1777  to  1778,  and 
was  a  signer  of  the  Articles  of  Confeder 
ation. 

Smith,  Josiah.—lle  was  born  at 
Pembroke,  Massachusetts,  in  1745 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  University  in  1774;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1801  to  1803.  On  his  re 
turn  from  Washington,  in  March,  1803,  he 
took  the  small-pox  in  New  York,  and  died 
at  home  before  the  close  of  the  month. 

Smith,    Melancthon.  —  Ue  was  a 

Delegate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1785  to  1788. 

Smith,    Merewether.  —  He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Virginia,  to  the  Continent 
al  Congress,  from  1778  to  178L'. 

Smith,  Nathan. —  He  was  born  at 
Roxbury,  Connecticut,  in  1770;  received 
his  professional  education  at  the  Law 
School  in  Litchfleld;  was  a  member  of  the 
Convention  that  formed  the  State  Consti 
tution  ;  for  many  years  State's  Attorney  for 
the  County  of  New  Haven  ;  frequently  in 
the  State  Legislature,  and  for  several 
years  United  States  Attorney  for  the  Dis 
trict  of  Connecticut.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  "  Hartford  Convention"  in  1814. 
He  represented  his  native  State  in  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States  from  1833  to 
1835.  He  was  long  known  as  an  eminent 
lawyer,  respected  for  his  integrity  and 
ability.  He  died  at  Washington,  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia,  December  6,  1836. 

Smith,  Nathaniel.— lie  was  born  in 
Woodbury,  Connecticut,  January  6,  1762. 
His  education  was  limited,  but  he  obtained 
distinction  by  the  energy  of  his  talents. 
He  studied  law,  and  settled  in  practice  in 
his  native  town  in  1789.  He  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature, 
having  served  in  both  houses.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


353 


State,  from  1795  to  1779.  In  1700  he  was 
elected  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
State,  and  held  the  office  until  1819.  His 
legal  knowledge  was  extensive,  and  he 
Avas  greatly  esteemed  for  his  integrity  and 
piety.  He  died  March  9,  1822. 

Smith,  Oliver  Hampton.— -He  was 

born  near  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  October 
23,  1794,  and  died  at  Indianapolis,  Indiana, 
March  19,  1859,  having,  from  1817  and  the 
balance  of  his  life,  been  honorably  identi 
fied  with  the  public  history  of  that  State. 
He  studied  law,  and  in  1824  he  was  Prose 
cuting  Attorney  for  the  Third  District  of 
Indiana.  He  was  elected  to  the  State  Leg 
islature  in  1822 ;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1827  to  1829 ; 
and  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1837  to 
1848.  He  was  the  author  of  a  work  giving 
his  "  Recollections  of  Congressional  Life," 
originally  published  in  the  "  Indianapolis 
Journal."  When  in  the  Senate  he  was 
Chairman  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands,  and  he  subsequently  devoted  much 
attention  to  the  internal  affairs  of  his 
adopted  State. 

Smith,  Perry. — Born  in  Washington, 
Connecticut;  attended  the  Litchtield Law 
School,  and  settled  in  New  Milford  in  1807. 
He  was  a  State  Representative  for  four 
years,  Judge  of  Probate  for  two  years,  and 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1837  to  1843. 
He  died  in  New  Milford  in  1852. 

Smith,  Richard.— He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1776. 

Smith,  Robert.  —  Born  in  Peter 
borough,  New  Hampshire,  June  12,  1802, 
and  received  a  limited  education.  He  was 
a  fanner  by  occupation  until  he  attained 
his  twentieth  year,  but  subsequently  en 
gaged  in  manufacturing andmerchandising. 
Removing  to  Illinois  in  1832,  he  served  in 
the  Illinois  Legislature  from  1836  to  1840; 
\vas  Enrolling  and  Engrossing  Clerk  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  Illinois  from 
1840  to  1843,  and  was  then  elected  to  Con 
gress,  and  served  till  March  4,  1849,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
being  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Mile 
age.  He  subsequently  took  an  active  part 
in  organizing  the  railroads  in  his  adopted 
State.  Died  at  Alton,  Illinois,  December, 
1867. 

Smith,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania,  July  27, 
1752.  He  was  a  distinguished  merchant 
of  Baltimore,  and  contributed  largely  to 
the  advancement  of  that  city,  of  which 
he  was  once  Mayor.  He  rose  from  the 
rank  of  Captain  to  that  of  Brigadier- 
General  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  In 
1776  he  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
for  framing  the  Constitution  of  Maryland ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
23 


from  that  State,  from  1793  to  1803,  and 
again  from  1816  to  1822;  and  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1803  to  1815,  and  again 
from  1822  to  1833,  serving  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Finance.  During  a 
part  of  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses, 
he  officiated  as  President  pro  tern,  of  the 
Senate.  He  died  suddenly,  at  Baltimore, 
April  25,  1839. 

Smith,  Samuel. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1805  to  1809. 

Smith,  Samuel. — Born  in  1767,  in 
Peterborough,  New  Hampshire;  held 
many  public  positions ;  was  for  many 
years  a  manufacturer  of  paper;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1813  to  1815.  He  died  in  1842. 

Smith,  Samuel  A. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Bucks  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1829  to  1833,  serving,  dur 
ing  his  second  terra,  on  the  Committee  on 
Agriculture. 

Smith,  Samuel  A.—  He  was  born  in 
Monroe  County,  Tennessee,  June  26, 1822. 
He  lost  his  father  when  quite  young,  and, 
with  limited  opportunities  for  attending 
school,  spent  the  most  of  his  time  on  a 
farm  until  he  became  of  age.  At  that 
time  he  began  to  attend  school  in  earnest, 
and  at  the  end  of  three  months  he  became 
a  teacher,  and  for  two  years  alternately 
attended  and  taught  school  in  his  native 
county.  He  also  taught  school.for  a  while, 
during  ten  months  that  he  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845. 
During  that  year  he  was  elected  Attorney- 
General  for  the  Third  Judicial  District  of 
Tennessee,  which  office  he  held  until  1848. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  National  Con 
vention"  of  that  year,  held  at  Baltimore, 
and  was  soon  afterwards  elected  a  Pres 
idential  Elector,  and  was  again  chosen  an 
Elector  in  1852.  In  1850  he  took  a  deep 
interest  in  the  affairs  of  the  East  Tennessee 
and  GeorgiaRailroad ;  and  he  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Tennessee,  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gresses,  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Joint 
Committee  on  Printing.  In  1859  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  Com 
missioner  of  the  General  Land  office,  and 
resigned  in  February,  1860. 

Smith,  Thomas.— lie  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1780  to  1782. 

Smith,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1815  to  1817. 

Smith,  Thomas.— Born  in  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con- 


354 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


gress,  from  Indiana,  from  1839  to  1841, 
aud  again  from  1843  to  1847. 

SmitJi,  Truman. — He  was  bora  in 
Roxbury,  Litchfield  County,  Connecticut, 
November  27,  1791;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1815;  he  studied  law.  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818 ;  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature  in  1831,  and  re- 
elected  in  1832  and  1834 ;  in  1839  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress,  and 
re-elected  in  1841,  in  1845,  and  1847;  he 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1844 ;  in 
1849  he  took  his  seat  in  the  United  States 
Senate  for  a  full  term  of  six  years,  resign 
ing  in  1854.  Of  late  years  he  has  been 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  New  York  City,  aud  was  appointed,  by 
President  Lincoln,  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Arbitration  in  New  York,  under  the  Trea 
ty  with  Great  Britain  of  1802. 

SmitJi,  William.— lie  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
Maryland,  from  1777  to  1778,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  under  the  Constitution,  from 
1789  to  1791,  when  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Washington,  Auditor  of  the 
Treasury. 

SmitJi,  William.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caroli 
na,  from  1789  to  1799,  and  resigned  on 
being  appointed  United  States  Minister  to 
Portugal  by  President  John  Adams. 

Smith,    William.— He  was  born  in 

North  Carolina,  in  17G2;  emigrated  to 
South  Carolina,  and  was  educated  at 
Mount  Zion  College.  He  studied  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1792.  He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1S1G  to  1823,  and  again  from  1826  to  1831, 
officiating  on  two  occasions  as  President 
pro  tern,  of  the  Senate.  In  1837  he  re 
ceived  the  electoral  vote  of  Virginia  for 
Vice-President  of  the  United  States.  He 
.served  in  the  Legislature  of  South  Caro 
lina,  and  was  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court 
of  that  State.  He  was  a  distinguished 
supporter  of  the  doctrine  of  State  Rights. 
He  was  oifered  a  seat  on  the  bench  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  but 
declined  it.  He  spent  the  latter  years 
of  his  life  in  Alabama,  and  died  at  Hunts- 
ville,  in  July,  1840. 

Smith,  William.  —  Was  born  in 
Chesterfield,  Virginia,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Nine 
teenth  Congress. 

Smith,  William. — Born  in  King 
George  County,  Virginia,  September  6, 
1797.  After  prosecuting  his  studies  at 
Plaiufleld  Academy,  in  Connecticut,  and 
at  private  schools  in  Virginia,  he  studied 
law,  and  commenced  the  practice  in  1318. 
Soon  after,  he  was  the  means  of  estab 
lishing  a  line  of  post-coaches  through 


Virginia,  the  Carolinas,  and  Georgia,  by 
which  he  made  a  fortune;  and  in  183(3  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and 
re-elected  in  1840.  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  during  the  term  of  1842 
and  1843 ;  in  1845  he  was  elected  Gov 
ernor  of  Virginia  for  three  years ;  and  in 
1853  was  re-elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  in  which  position  he  continued 
until  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  in 
1861.  He  was  Chairman  of  the  Special 
Committee  on  the  Laws  of  Public  Print 
ing,  and  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Territories,  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress. 
He  subsequently  served  as  a  Brigadier- 
General  in  the  Virginia  army,  aud  was 
wounded  at  Antietam. 

Smith,  William  N.  H.— Born  in 
Murfreesborough,  Hertford  County,  North 
Carolina,  September  24,  1812;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1834;  studied  la\v  in 
New  Haven  for  two  years,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1839 ;  in  1840  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  House  of 
Commons ;  in  1848  to  the  State  Senate ; 
before  the  expiration  of  his  senatorial 
term,  he  was  chosen  Solicitor  of  the  First 
Judicial  District,  holding  the  office  for 
eight  years ;  in  1858  he  was  re-elected  to 
the  House  of  Commons,  but  resigned  his 
seat;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Commerce.  He  took  part 
in  the  Rebellion  of  1861  as  a  member  of 
the  so-called  Confederate  Congress.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"National  Union  Convention"  of  1866. 

Smith,  William  R. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Alabama, 
his  native  State,  from  1851  to  1855,  where 
he  acquired  reputation  by  making  a  dem 
onstration  against  Kossuth.  lie  has 
chiefly  devoted  himself  to  literature  and 
law,  and  has  had  a  seat  on  the  bench  of 
Alabama. 

Smith,  William  S.—He  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1774;  was  for 
three  years  a  member  of  the  New  York 
Assembly ;  aud  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1815  to  1816. 

Smith,  WortJiinffton  C.— He  was 
born  in  St.  Albans,  Vermont,  April  23, 
1823 ;  graduated  at  the  University  of  Ver 
mont,  in  Burlington,  1843 ;  studied  law, 
but  abandoned  the  profession,  and  became 
an  iron-merchant  and  manufacturer;  in 
1863  he  was  chosen  to  the  Legislature  of 
the  State ;  iu  1864  and  1865  to  the  State 
Senate,  officiating  during  the  last  session 
as  President  of  the  Senate ;  and  in  1866 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Vermont,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Manufactures, 
and  on  Weights  and  Measures. 


B10GEAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


355 


Smithers,  Nathaniel  B. — He  was 

born  in  Dover,  Delaware,  Octobers,  1818; 
graduated  at  Lafayette  College,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1836:  studied  law,  and  camc'to 
the  bar  in  1840;  was  Clerk  of  the  Dela 
ware  House  of  Representatives  in  1845 
and  1847;  in  January,  18G3,  ho  was  ap 
pointed  Secretary  of 'state  for  Delaware, 
which  position  he  resigned;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Delaware, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Elections.  He  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "  Baltimore  Convention  " 
of  1864;  and  also  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Smyth,  Alexander.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1817  to  1825,  and  again  from  1827  to 
1830.  Died  April  17,  1830,  in  Washington, 
aged  sixty-five  years. 

Smyth,  George  W.— Born  in  North 
Carolina,  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Texas,  from  1853 
to  1855. 

Sneed,  William  H. — He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855 
to  1857. 

Snodgrass,   John  Fryall.—Eorn 

in  Berkeley  County,  Virginia,  March  2, 
1804;  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and 
practised  in  Parkersburg,  Virginia.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  "  Constitu 
tional  Convention"  assembled  at  Rich 
mond  in  1850,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1853  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  while  trying  a  case  in 
court,  in  Parkersburg,  June  5,  1854. 

Snow,  William  W.—  He  was  born 
in  Massachusetts,  and,  having  removed  to 
New  York,  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress. 

Snyder,  Adatn  W.—  Born  in  1801 ; 
frequently  served  in  the  State  Legislature 
of  Illinois;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1839.  He  was  a  candidate  for  Governor 
of  the  State  at  the  time  of  his  death, 
which  occurred  at  Belleville,  Illinois,  May 
14,  1842. 

Snyder,  John.— lie  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1841  to  1843,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  the  Militia. 

Sollers,  Augustus  K.  —  Born    in 

Maryland,  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  his  native  State, 
from  1841  to  1843,  and  again  from  1853  to 
1855. 


Somes,  Daniel  E. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Maine,  in  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Expenditures. 
From  1855  to  1857,  he  was  Mayor  of 
Biddeford;  and  from  1856  to  1858,  Presi 
dent  of  the  City  Bank  of  that  city.  He  was 
also  a  member  of  the  "Peace  Congress  " 
of  1861. 

Soule,  Nathan. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  iu  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1831  to  1833.  He  was  also  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Assembly,  from  Oiion- 
daga,  in  1837. 

Soule,  Pierre. — Born  at  Castillion,  in 
the  Pyrenees,  during  the  First  Consulate 
of  Napoleon.     He  was  destined  for  the 
church,  and  in  1816  was  sent  to  the  Jesuits' 
College  at  Toulouse.    He  was  afterwards 
sent  to  complete  his  studies  at  Bordeaux. 
At  the  age  of  fifteen  he  took  part  in  a  con 
spiracy  against  the  Bourbons,  and,  the  plot 
having  been  discovered,  he  was  obliged  to 
take  refuge  in  a  little  village  of  Navarre, 
where  he  remained  for  more  than  a  year, 
following  the  occupation  of  a  shepherd. 
He  was  permitted  to  return  to  Bordeaux ; 
but  he  longed  for  a  more  exciting  scene  of 
action,  and  accordingly  repaired  to  Paris. 
Here,  in  conjunction  with  Barthelemy  and 
Mery,  he  established  a  paper  advocating 
liberal  Republican  sentiments.    This  soon 
brought  him  under  the  eye  of  the  authori 
ties,  and  he  was  put  upon  his  trial.     His 
advocate  appealed  to  the  clemency  of  the 
court  in  behalf  of  the  prisoner  on  the  score 
of  his  youth.     This  line  of  defence  did  not 
suit  the  prisoner,  who  rose  from  his  seat 
and   addressed    the    court,  denying  the 
criminality  of  his  opinions  and  conduct. 
His  eloquence  did  not  save  him  from  St. 
Pelagic,  whence  he  succeeded  in  making 
his  escape  to  England.    Disappointed  iu 
his  expectations  of  obtaining  a  situation 
in  Chili,  which  had  been  promised  him,  and 
finding  himself  alone  iu  a  strange  country, 
wholly  ignorant  of  the  language,  he  re 
turned  to  France.     At  Havre  he  met  a 
friend,  a  Captain  in  the  French  navy,  who 
advised  him  to  seek  an  asylum  in  the 
United  States,  and  offered  him  a  passage 
iu  his  ship  as  far  as  St.  Domingo.    He  ac 
cepted  the   proposition,    and    arrived  at 
Port-au-Prince  in  September,  1825.   From 
this  place  he  took  passage  to  Baltimore, 
and  finally  removed  to  New  Orleans,  iu  the 
fall  of  1825.    Having  determined  to  make 
the  law  his  profession,  lie  first  applied  him 
self  assiduously  to  the  study  of  English, 
and  passed  his  examination  for  the  bar  in 
that  language,  and  was  admitted.    In  1847 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  from 
Louisiana,  to  fill  a  vacancy,  and  was  re- 
electca  in  1849  for  the  term  of  six  years, 
but  resigned  in  1853.    In  1853  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Pierce  Minister  to 
Spain.    In  1862  he  was  arrested  in  New 
Orleans  for  disloyalty  to  the  government, 


35G 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


and,  after  an  imprisonment  of  some 
months  in  Fort  Lafayette,  he  was  released 
on  condition  that  he  would  not  return  to 
Louisiana  until  the  end  of  the  Rebellion. 

Southard,  Henry.—  Born  on  Long 
Island,  October,  1749.  When  he  was 
eight  years  of  age  his  father  removed  to 
Baskingridge,  in  the  Colony  of  New  Jer 
sey.  He  received  but  an  ordinary  edu 
cation,  and  as  a  day  laborer  earned  the 
money  to  buy  a  farm.  He  took  an  active 
part  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  aud,  after 
the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  served 
nine  years  in  the  State  Legislature,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  Jersey,  from  1801  to  1811,  and  from 
1815  to  1821.  A  short  time  before  retir 
ing  from  Congress  he  met  his  son  in  a 
joint  committee,  and  they  voted  together 
on  the  Missouri  Compromise.  He  died 
June  2,  1842.  He  was  a  man  of  superior 
talents  aud  remarkable  memory. 

Southard,  Isaac. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1831  to  1833.  Died  September  18, 
1850. 

Southard,  Samuel  L.  —  Was  the 

son  of  Henry  Southard;  born  in  Basking- 
ridge,  New  Jersey,  June  9,  1787.  He 
graduated  at  Princeton  in  1804,  and  soon 
afterwards  removed  to  Virginia,  where  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar.  In  1811  he  re 
turned  to  his  native  State,  and  rose  to  a 
high  position  as  a  lawyer.  He  was,  for 
several  years,  Deputy-Attorney,  and  in 
1814  was  admitted  as  Counsellor-at-Law, 
and  appointed  Law  Reporter  by  the  Leg 
islature.  In  1815  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature,  and,  in  a  week  after  taking 
his  seat,  was  placed  on  the  bench  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  New  Jersey.  In  1820 
he  was  a  Presidential  Elector;  in  1821  he 
was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  serving 
as  President  pro  tern,  of  that  body;  re 
mained  thereuntil  1823,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  by  President  Monroe  Secretary  of 
the  Navy ;  he  was  also  acting  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury,  and  for  a  short  period 
acting  Secretary  of  War.  In  1822  he  was 
elected  a  Trustee  of  Nassau  Hall,  and  also 
of  the  Theological  Seminary  of  Prince 
ton.  In  1830  he  was  elected  Attorney- 
General  of  the  State ;  and  in  1832  was 
Governor  of  the  State.  In  1833  he  was 
re-elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  until  1842,  aud  on  the  death  of 
President  Harrison  he  became  the  Presi 
dent  of  the  Senate.  He  is  remembered  in 
New  Jersey  as  the  "  favorite  son"  of  that 
State.  He  died  at  Fredericksburg,  Vir 
ginia,  June  26,  1842. 

Southgate,  William  W.—  Born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1839. 


Spaight,  Richard  D.  —  He  com 
menced  his  academic  studies  in  Ireland, 
and  finished  his  education  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Glasgow.  He  joined  the  Amer 
ican  Army  in  1778,  as  Aide-de-camp  to 
General  Casvvell.  and  was  at  the  battle  of 
Camdenin  1780.  In  1781  he  entered  the 
House  of  Commons  of  North  Carolina; 
from  1782  to  1784  was  a  member  of  the 
Continental  Congress,  and  also  during  the 
years  1785  and  1786 ;  and  he  was  one  of 
the  Delegates  to  form  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States,  to  which  his  name  is 
appended,  and  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1797.  In  1792  he  was  again 
elected  to  the  local  Legislature,  and  was 
the  same  year  elected  Governor  of  North 
Carolina.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1798  to  1801,  after  which 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate.  Oil 
Sunday,  September  5,  1802  he  fought  a 
duel  with  the  Honorable  John  Stanley, 
was  wounded  in  the  side,  and  died  iu 
about  twenty  hours. 

Spaight,  Richard  D.—  He  was  the 

sou  of  the  above,  and  born  in  Newberu, 
North  Carolina,  in  1796.  He  graduated  at 
the  University  of  that  State  in  1815; 
studied  law ;  served  four  years  in  the  State 
Legislature ;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1823  to  1825;  he  subsequently 
served  ten  years  in  the  State  Senate,  and 
was  Governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1835 
and  1836.  After  retiring  from  that  office, 
he  declined  all  public  positions,  and  de 
voted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits. 
He  died  in  1850. 

Spalding,  Rufus  Paine.— He  was 
born  in  West  Tisbury,  Martha's  Vineyard, 
Massachusetts,  May  3,  1798.  Went  with 
his  parents  to  Connecticut  when  young ; 
received  the  rudiments  of  his  education 
at  the  Plainfield  and  Colchester  Acade 
mies  ;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1817 ; 
studied  law,  and,  removing  to  Ohio,  com 
menced  the  practice  of  his  profession  in 
Trumbull  County  in  1821 ;  in  1839  he  was 
elected  to  the  Ohio  Legislature;  re-elected 
in  1841,  and  was  Speaker  of  the  House; 
in  1849  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  for  seven  years,  and  held  the 
position  for  three  years,  until  the  new 
State  Constitution  was  adopted,  when  he 
removed  to  Cleveland,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law.  In  18G2  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Ohio  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Naval  Affairs,  aud  Revolutionary 
Pensions.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Appropriations,  and  the  Bankrupt  Law. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Printing  and 
Revision  of  United  States  Laws. 

Spalding,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1805  to  1806. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HECOEDS. 


o57 


Spangler,  David.— Re  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1833  to  1837,  and  in  1844  was  nominated 
by  the  Whig  party,  for  Governor  of  the 
State,  but  declined  the  nomination.  He 
died  iu  Coshocton,  Ohio,  October  18, 
1856. 

Spangler,  Jacob.  —  Born  in  1768; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  181G  to  1818,  and  sub 
sequently  Surveyor-General  of  the  State. 
Died  at  York,  Pennsylvania,  June  17, 
1843, 

Spaulding,  Elbridge  6?.— He  was 
born  at  Summer  Hill,  Cayuga  County, 
New  York,  February  24,  1809 ;  was  edu 
cated  at  Auburn  Academy;  taught  school, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  prac 
tice  in  Genesee  County.  In  1834  he  re 
moved  to  Buffalo,  and  in  1836  was  At 
torney  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New 
York,  and  also  Solicitor  in  Chancery, 
and  in  1839  was  Counsellor  of  the  same. 
In  1836  he  was  appointed  City  Clerk  of 
Buffalo;  in  1841  he  was  Alderman,  and  in 
1847  was  elected  Mayor.  In  1848  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Assembly  of  the  State; 
and  from  1849  to  1851  he  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  serving  on  the 
'Committee  on  Foreign  Relations.  In 
1853  he  was  elected  Treasurer  of  the  State 
of  New  York,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Canal  Board  for  two  years,  and  is  now 
President  of  the  Farmers'  and  Mechanics' 
Bank  of  Genesee,  at  Buffalo.  He  was  also 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  Ways  and  Means.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress. 

Speed,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1817  to  1819. 

Speight,  Jesse.  —  Born  in  Greene 
County,  North  Carolina,  September  22, 
1795.  His  education  was  limited,  but  his 
natural  abilities  were  of  a  high  order.  In 
1822  he  was  a  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons ;  in  1823,  of  the  Senate,  where 
he  continued  until  1827,  officiating  several 
years  as  Speaker;  and  he  was  a  Repre 
sentative  iu  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1829  to  1837.  He  declined  a 
re-election;  removed  to  Mississippi;  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  there,  and  made 
Speaker;  and  from  1845  to  1847  was  a 
Senator  in  Congress  from  his  adopted 
State.  He  died  at  Columbus,  Mississippi, 
May  5,  1847. 

Spence,  John  S.—He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Maryland,  from  1837  to 
1841,  and  a  Representative  from  1823  to 
1825,  and  again  from  1836  to  1840.  Died 
October  29,  1840. 

Spence,  Thomas  A.— He  graduated 


at  Yale  College  in  1829;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1843  to  1845. 

Spencer,  Ambrose.—  Born  in  Salis 
bury,  Connecticut,  December  13,  1765;  in 
1779  entered  Yale  College,  and  remained 
three  years,  but  graduated  at  Harvard 
University  in  1783 ;  studied  law,  and  set 
tled  at  Hudson,  New  York.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Assembly  in  1793;  from 
1795  to  1798,  State  Senator;  in  1796,  As 
sistant  Attorney-General  of  the  Counties 
of  Columbia  and  Rensselacr,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Council  of  Appointment;  in 
1802  was  Attorney-General  for  the  State; 
in  1804  was  chosen  Judge;  in  1809  was 
a  Presidential  Elector,  and  in  1810  be 
came  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  State.  In  1823  he  retired  from  the 
bench,  and  was  engaged  at  the  bar,  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1829  to  1831.  He 
was  also  Mayor  of  Albany  one  term.  He 
retired  to  the  village  of  Lyons  in  1839, 
and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  and 
in  1844  was  President  of  the  "  National 
Whig  Convention  "  at  Baltimore.  Died  at 
Lyons,  March  13, 1848. 

Spencer,  Elijah.— He  was  born  in 
Columbia  County,  New  York,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  Assembly  in 
1819;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1821  to  1823. 

Spencer,  James  B. — He  served  as 
a  Captain  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  in 
several  engagements ;  he  was  in  the  Leg 
islature  of  New  York  in  1831  and  1832; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1837  to  1839.  He 
subsequently  held  the  various  positions  of 
Elector,  Magistrate,  County  Judge,  Col 
lector,  and  Indian  Agent.  He  died  at 
Fort  Covington,  New  York,  in  March, 
1848. 

Spencer,  John  C.—He  was  born  iu 
Hudson,  New  York,  January  8,  1783.  He 
entered  Williams  College,  but  soon  went 
to  Union  College,  where  he  graduated  in 
1806.  President  Nott  was  then  at  the 
head  of  the  college,  and  one  of  the  last 
professional  acts  of  Mr.  Spencer  was  to 
defend  in  court  the  President's  adminis 
tration,  for  many  years,  of  the  affairs  of 
the  college.  Mr.  Spencer  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1809,  and  opened  an  office  in 
Canandaigua.  He  lived  in  Canaudaigua 
until  1845,  when  he  removed  to  Albany, 
where  he  resided  until  his  death.  He  was 
Private  Secretary  to  Governor  Daniel  D. 
Tompkins,  and  at  the  age  of  nineteen  be 
came  connected  with  public  affairs,  and 
from  that  time  until  his  last  illness  no 
prominent  public  event  occurred  in  which 
he  did  not  take  an  interest.  In  1811  he 
was  made  Master  in  Chancery ;  iu  1813  he 


358 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


was  Brigade  Judge  Advocate,  in  active 
service  on  the  frontier;  in  1814  he  was 
appointed  Postmaster  of  Canandaigua; 
in  1815  was  Assistant  Attorney-General 
for  the  western  part  of  the  State;  in  1816 
was  elected  to  Congress,  where  he  re 
mained  two  years.  While  there,  he  was 
one  of  the  committee  who  examined  into 
the  affairs  of  the  United  States  Bank,  and 
their  report  was  drawn  by  his  hand.  In 
1820  he  was  first  elected  to  the  Assembly, 
and  was  chosen  Speaker.  The  next  year 
lie  was  returned,  but  was  in  the  minority. 
In  1824  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate, 
and  served  four  years.  He  joined  the 
Anti-masonic  party,  and  was  appointed, 
by  Governor  Van  Buren,  Special  Attorney- 
General,  under  the  law  passed  for  that 
purpose,  to  prosecute  those  connected 
with  the  alleged  abduction  of  Morgan. 
In  1832  lie  was  again  elected  to  the  As 
sembly.  In  1839  he  was  appointed  Secre 
tary  of  State  and  Superintendent  of 
Common  Schools,  and  did  much  to  reduce 
them  to  a  system.  He  served  for  two 
years.  He  was  appointed  Regent  of  the 
University  in  1840.  In  October,  1841,  he 
was  made  Secretary  of  War  by  President 
Tyler,  and  in  March,  1843,  was  trans 
ferred  to  the  Treasury  Department,  but 
resigned  in  1844,  from  his  opposition  to 
the  annexation  of  Texas.  Mr.  Spencer 
was  a  successful  lawyer,  but  he  achieved 
Ins  highest  fame  from  his  connection 
with  the  revision  of  the  statutes  of 
New  York.  Not  content  with  merely 
preparing  the  statutes,  he  followed  them 
up  with  a  series  of  essays,  explaining 
their  purposes.  So  great  confidence  was 
placed  in  him  by  the  people,  that  he  was 
selected  to  revise  the  whole  body  of  the 
law  of  the  State ;  but  his  advancing  age 
compelled  him  to  decline  the  task.  He 
was  industrious,  and  a  man  of  intellect 
and  intense  energy.  He  died  at  Albany, 
May  18,  1855. 

Spencer,  Joseph*—  He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  in  1788  and  1789. 

Spencer,  Hichard. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1829  to  1831. 

Spinner,  Francis  E. — Born  in  the 
town  of  German  Flats,  Herkimer  County, 
New  York  (where  the  village  of  Mohawk 
now  stands),  January  21,  1802;  and  re 
ceived  most  of  his  instruction  from  his  fa 
ther,  who  was  a  highly  educated  German 
clergyman.  For  twenty  years  he  was  the 
executive  officer  of  the  Mohawk  Valley 
Bank ;  he  held  all  the  commissions,  from 
the  governors  of  New  York,  from  a  Lieu 
tenant  to  a  Major-General  of  the  State 
Artillery;  was  County  Sheriff,  and  Com 
missioner  for  building  the  State  Lunatic 
Asylum.  From  1845  to  1849  he  was  Audi 
tor  in  the  Naval  Office  at  New  York ;  and 


in  1854  was  elected  a  Representative  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Accounts. 
He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Accounts.  In  1861  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  United 
States  Treasurer. 

Sprague,  Peley.—H.Q  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1783;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1797  to  1799.  Died  iu 
1800,  aged  44  years. 

Sprague,  Peleg.—Re  was  born  in 
Duxbury,  Massachusetts,  in  1792 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Harvard  University  with  honor  in 
1812 ;  and,  having  adopted  the  profession, 
of  law,  settled  in  the  practice  first  at  Au 
gusta,  Maine,  and  then  at  Hallowell ;  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  in 
1821  and  1822 ;  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maine,  from  1825  to  1829 ;  and 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1829  to  1835. 
Oil  completing  his  senatorial  term  he  set 
tled  in  Boston,  and  ia  1841  he  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  District  Court  of  the 
United  States  for  Massachusetts,  which 
office  he  resigned  in  1865.  In  1841  he 
was  also  a  Presidential  Elector.  In  1847 
he  received  from  Harvard  the  degree  of 
Doctor  of  Laws. 

Sprague,  William.—  He  wasborniu 
Cranston,  Rhode  Island,  in  1800.  When 
quite  young  he  was  elected  to  the  General 
Assembly,  and  in  1832  was  chosen  Speaker 
of  the  House.  In  1835  he  was  chosen  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Rhode 
Island,  and  declined  a  re-election.  He 
was  Governor  of  Rhode  Island,  in  1838 
and  1839,  and  in  1842  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  serving  two  years. 
In  1849  he  was  Presidential  Elector ;  and 
a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  iu  Prov 
idence,  October  19,  1856. 

Sprague,  William.— He  was  born 
in  Rhode  Island,  and,  removing  to  Michi 
gan,  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1851 ;  and 
died  soon  afterwards. 

Sprague,  William. — Was  born  in 
Cranston  Rhode  Island,  September  11, 
1830,  his  ancestors  having  been  for  several 
generations  honorably  associated  with 
the  manufacturing  business  of  New  Eng 
land;  was  educated  chiefly  at  the  Irving 
Institute,  Tarrytowu,  New  York,  and  sub 
sequently  spent  several  years  in  the 
counting-room  of  an  uncle,  on  the  death 
of  whom  one  of  t'ie  largest  manufacturing 
interests  iu  the  country  came  into  his 
possession.  Having  a  .taste  for  military 
affairs,  he  joined  an  artillery  company  in 
Providence  iu  his  eighteeuth  year,  and  be- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    BECOEDS. 


359 


came  a  Colonel ;  in  1859  he  visited  Europe, 
and  was  friendly  to  the  cause  and  person 
of  Garibaldi.  In  18G1  he  was  elected  Gov 
ernor  of  Rhode  Island,  and,  on  the  break- 
in-;  out  of  the  Rebellion,  he  took  a  great 
interest  in  the  national  cause ;  was  with 
the  troops  of  Rhode  Island  at  the  first 
battle  of  Bull  Run;  and  in  18G2  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Rhode 
Island,  lor  the  term  ending  in  1869,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Manufactures,  and  as  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Commerce,  and  Military 
Affairs.  He  is  also  President  of  several 
banks,  and,  when  at  home,  takes  an  active 
part  as  a  Director  in  various  Insurance 
Companies.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of 
1866,  nnd  also  to  the  "  Soldiers'  Conven 
tion"  at  Pittsburg.  His  uncle,  bearing 
the  same  name,  was  also  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress.  Re-elected  to  the  Senate  in  1868. 

Sprigg,  James  C.—  Born  in  Mary 
land,  and  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1841  to 
1843. 

Sprigg,  Michael  C. — He  was  fre 
quently  a  member  of  the  Maryland  Legis 
lature;  at  one  time  President  of  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal ;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1827  to  1831. 
He  died  at  Cumberland,  Maryland,  in  De 
cember,  1845. 

Sprigg,  Richard.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1796  to  1799,  and  from  1801  to  1802. 

Sprigg,  Thomas. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1793  to  1796. 

Spruance,  Presley. — He  was  born 
in  Delaware,  in  1785;  was  devoted  to 
mercantile  pursuits;  served  in  the  State 
Senate,  and  was  President  of  that  body; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Del 
aware,  from  1847  to  1853.  Died  in  Smyr 
na,  Delaware,  February  13,  1863. 

Stallworth,  James  A.  —  Born  in 
Conecuh  County,  Alabama,  April  7,  1822. 
He  received  an  academic  education ; 
studied  law;  serving. in  the  Legislature 
during  the  years  1845, 1846, 1847,  and  1848 ; 
was  twice  elected  Solicitor  for  his  Dis 
trict;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Thirty-flfth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
but  withdrew  in  February,  1861,  to  take 
part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Stanlterry,  William. — Born  in  Es 
sex  County,  New  Jersey,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1827  to  1833.  He  resided  in  Licking  Coun 
ty.  He  is  remembered  as  the  member 


upon  whom  a  personal  assault  was  made, 
for  words  uttered  in  debate,  by  Sam 
Houston,  in  1832. 

Standifer,  James.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1823  to  1825,  and  again  from  1829  to 
1837.  He  died  near  Kingston,  Tennessee, 
August  24,  1836. 

Stanford,    Itichard.  —  He   was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1797  to  181G.  Died  April 
9, 1816,  in  Georgetown,  District  of  Colum 
bia,  aged  forty-seven  years. 

Stanley,  Edward. — Born  in  North 
Carolina;  received  a  portion  of  his  edu 
cation  at  the  Military  Academy  at  Middle- 
town,  Connecticut;  studied  law;  served 
three  years  in  the  House  of  Commons  of 
North  Carolina,  and  was  Speaker  of  that 
body.  Was  a  Representative,  from  North 
Carolina,  in  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  Thirtieth,  Thirty- 
first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means, 
and  as  a  leader  of  his  party  in  debate. 
He  removed  to  California,  where  he  de 
voted  himself  to  the  law.  He  was  recalled 
from  there,  by  President  Lincoln,  in  18G2, 
to  assume  the  duties  of  Military  Govern 
or  of  North  Carolina.  He  acted  in  this 
capacity  for  some  months,  when  he  re 
signed  and  returned  to  California. 

Stanley,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina;  was  a  distinguished 
member  of  the  Legislature  of  North  Car 
olina  ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1801  to  1803,  and 
again  from  1809  to  1811.  He  was  an  able 
and  eloquent  debater,  greatly  respected 
for  his  talents  and  private  character. 
While  delivering  a  speech  in  the  Legisla 
ture,  in  1826,  he  was  arrested  by  an  at 
tack  of  hemiplegy,  from  the  effects  of 
which  he  suffered  until  his  death,  August 
3,  1834,  at  Nevvbern,  North  Carolina. 

Stanton,  Benjamin.  —  Born  at 
Mount  Pleasant,  Jefferson  County,  Ohio, 
June  4,  1809.  He  lived  on  a  farm  until 
the  age  of  seventeen,  and  then  worked  at 
the  trade  of  a  tailor  until  he  was  twenty- 
one.  He  studied  law,  and  settled  in  Belle- 
fontaine,  Ohio,  in  April,  1834,  where  he 
practised  his  profession.  He  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate  in  1841 ;  resigned  in 
1842,  but  was  re-elected  the  same  year. 
In  1850  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Ohio 
"  Constitutional  Convention,"  and  in  Oc 
tober  of  that  year  was  elected  to  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress.  He  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty- fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses ; 
and  was  one  of  the  Regents  of  the  Smith 
sonian  Institution,  and  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs.  He  was 
also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 


360 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Military  Affairs.  In  1862  he 
was  Lieuteuant-Goveruor  of  Ohio. 

Stanton,  Frederick  JP.— Born  in  the 
District  of  Columbia;  as  a  boy,  worked 
with  his  father  at  the  business  of  brick 
laying  ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1845 
to  1855.  He  was  also  appointed  Governor 
of  the  Territory  of  Kansas  in  1858 ;  he 
subsequently  settled  in  Washington  City 
as  a  lawyer.  His  brother,  Richard  H., 
was  also  a  member  of  Congress. 

Stanton,  Joseph. — Born  in  Rhode 
Island,  and  was  for  many  years  a  leading 
politician.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Rhode  Island,  from  1790  to  1793, 
and  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1801  to  1807. 

Stanton,  Richard  H. — Born  in  the 
District  of  Columbia,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1849  to  1855;  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1856.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention  "  of  1866. 

Starts,  Benjamin. — Born  in  the  City 
of  New  Orleans,  June  26,  1820;  received 
an  academic  education  in  New  London, 
Connecticut,  and  a  commercial  education 
in  the  City  of  New  York.  In  1845  he  set 
tled  in  Oregon,  and  established  commer 
cial  relations  with  the  Sandwich  Islands, 
and  with  California  when  a  Mexican  prov 
ince;  in  1850  he  abandoned  commercial 
pursuits;  studied  law  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1851 ;  in  1852  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Territorial  Legislature  of  Oregon ;  in 
1860  of  the  State  Legislature  of  that  State ; 
and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Oregon,  during  a  part  of  the  years  1861 
and  1862,  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress. 
In  1845  he  erected  in  Portland,  Oregon, 
his  present  residence,  the  first  building, 
which  was  a  log  trading-house.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Conven 
tion  "of  1864. 

StarkweatJier,  David  A.  —  Born 
in  Connecticut,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1839  to  1841,  and  again  from  1845  to  1847. 
He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1848. 

Starkweather,  George  A.—  Born 
in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1847 
to  1849,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Accounts. 

Starkweather,  Henry  IT.— He  was 

born  in  Preston,  New  London  County, 
Connecticut,  April  29,  1820;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law ;  served  in  the  State 
Legislature ;  and  was  a  Delegate  to  the 


"Chicago  Convention"  of  1860.  In  1861  he 
was  appointed  Postmaster  of  Norwich, 
which  he  held  until  1805,  when  he  was  re- 
appointed  but  resigned  on  the  accession 
of  President  Johnson.  He  was  subse 
quently  made  Chairman  of  the  Republican. 
State  Committee,  and  also  a  member  of 
the  National  Republican  Executive  Com 
mittee;  and  in  1867  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  Connecticut  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress ;  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Naval  Affairs  and  Expenditures 
in  the  Treasury  Department. 

Starr,  John  F. — Born  in  Philadel 
phia  in  1818 ;  removed  to  New  Jersey  in 
1844;  has  been  engaged  in  business  pur 
suits  ;  and  in  1863  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Manufactures,  and  that  on 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds.  Re-elect 
ed  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Territories,  on 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  and  the 
Postal  Railroad  to  New  York.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention  "  of  1866. 

St.  Clair,  Arthur.—  He  was  born 
in  Edinburgh;  was  a  Lieutenant  under 
General  Wolfe,  and  subsequently  settled 
in  Pennsylvania,  when  he  became  a  natu 
ralized  citizen.  At  the  commencement 
of  the  Revolution  he  joined  the  American 
army,  and  in  1777  was  appointed  Major- 
General,  and  served  with  distinction. 
In  1783  he  was  elected  President  of  the 
Cincinnati  Society  of  his  adopted  State ; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1785  to  1787 ;  and  in  the  latter 
year  was  chosen  President  of  that  body. 
He  was  subsequently  appointed  Governor 
01  lie  North-west  Territory,  and  in  1790 
commanded  an  army  against  the  Miami 
Indians.  He  resigned  his  commission  of 
Major-General  in  1792,  and  his  latter 
years  were  passed  in  poverty.  He  died 
in  1818. 

Stearns,  Asahel. — He  was  born  at 
Luneuburg,  Massachusetts,  in  1774 ;  grad 
uated  at  Cambridge  University  in  1797; 
was  educated  as  a  lawyer;  practised  with 
reputation  many  years  at  Chelmsford ;  was 
several  years  County  Attorney  for  Mid 
dlesex  County;  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1815 
to  1817;  was  appointed  Professor  of  Law 
at  Cambridge  in  1817,  and  continued  in 
the  office  until  1829,  when  he  resigned. 
In  1824  he  published  a  volume  on  "  Real 
Actions," — alearned  work.  He  was  after 
wards  appointed  one  of  the  Commission 
ers  for  revising  the  statutes  of  the 
Commonwealth.  After  this  work  was 
completed,  his  health  declined,  and  he 
continued  very  feeble  until  his  decease. 
He  died  at  Cambridge,  Massachusetts, 
February  5,  1839. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HECOSDJ. 


361 


SteMrins,  Henry  G.— Was  born  In 
the  City  of  New  York  in  1812;  received  a 
good  education;  was  brought  up  to  the 
business  of  banking,  and  has  been  identi 
fied  with  many  of  the  important  financial 
events  and  trusts  of  his  native  city.  He 
was  at  onetime  identified  with  the  Militia 
of  New  York,  and  was  Colonel  of  the 
Twelfth  Regiment.  He  was  one  of  the 
Commissioners  of  the  Park,  and  long 
President  of  the  Board  of  Commissioners. 
He  was  one  of  the  originators  and  Presi 
dent  of  the  Dramatic  Fund  Association, 
and  an  active  manager  of  the  New  York 
Academy  of  Music.  In  1862  he  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means.  In 
October,  18G4,  he  resigned  his  seat  in 
Congress,  because  he  had  declared  him 
self  in  favor  of  the  war,  and  therefore 
supposed  that  he  did  not  represent  the 
peace  principles  of  his  constituents. 

Stedman,  William.— Ho  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1784;  wasalavv- 
yer  of  extensive  practice;  served  in  the 
State  Legislature ;  was  for  several  years 
Clerk  of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court  in 
Worcester;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1803 
to  1810;  and  died  in  1831,  at  Newbury- 
port,  Massachusetts,  aged  sixty-six  years. 
He  came  to  the  bar  in  1787,  and  was  in 
the  Legislature  in  1802. 

Steele,  John. — A  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  North  Carolina,  from  1790 
to  179:1 ;  and  was  one  of  those  who  voted 
for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on 
the  Potomac.  He  was  born  in  Salisbury, 
November  1,  17G4,  and  died  August  14, 
1815.  He  was  brought  up  a  merchant,  but 
turned  his  attention  to  agricultural  pur 
suits.  He  served  a  number  of  years  in 
the  State  Legislature,  part  o?  the  time  as 
Speaker;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
vention  to  consider  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States ;  he  was,  in  1806,  Com 
missioner  to  adjust  the  boundaries  be 
tween  the  States  of  North  and  South  Car 
olina;  was  a  General  of  the  Militia;  and 
held  the  office  of  First  Comptroller  of  the 
Treasury,  under  Presidents  Washington 
and  Adams.  On  August  14,  1815,  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  Legislature,  but  on 
that  day  he  died. 

Steele,  John  B. — Was  born  in  Delhi, 
Delaware  County,  New  York,  March  28, 
1814;  was  educated  at  Delaware  Academy 
and  at  Williams  College,  Massachusetts ; 
studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1839 ; 
in  1841  was  appointed  District  Attorney 
for  Otsego  County,  and  served  his  term ;  in 
1847  removed  to  Kingston,  Ulster  County, 
and  there  pursued  his  profession ;  in  1850 
was  elected  Special  Judge  of  that  county ; 
and  in  I860  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 


Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
the  District  of  Columbia,  and  on  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions.  Re-elected  to  the  Thir 
ty-eighth  Congress,  again  serving  on  the 
Committees  for  the  District  of  Columbia, 
and  on  Expenditures  in  the  War  Depart 
ment.  He  was  killed  by  being  thrown 
from  a  carriage,  in  Kingston,  New  York, 
September  24,  1866. 

Steele,  John  N.—  Born  in  Maryland, 
and  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1835  to  1837. 

Steele,  William  G.—  Was  bora  in 
Somerset  County,  New  Jersey,  December 
17,  1820;  educated  at  the  Somerville 
Academy ;  entered  early  into  the  mercan 
tile  business,  to  which  he  subsequently 
added  that  of  banking ;  was  appointed,  for 
several  years,  by  the  Governor  of  the 
State,  a  State  Director  for  the  Delaware 
and  Raritan  Canal,  and  the  Camden  and 
Amboy  Raiload  Company ;  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Select  Committee  on  Army  Contracts; 
and  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Accounts,  and  Enrolled  Bills.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Conven 
tion  "of  1864. 

Steenrod,  Lewis.  —  Born  in  Vir 
ginia,  and  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1845. 

Stephens,  Abraham  P.—  Born  in 
New  York,  and  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Stephens,  Alexander  JET.— Born  in 
Talial'erro  County,  Georgia,  February  11, 
1812.  He  was  left  an  orphan  at  tiie  age  of 
fourteen,  when  kind  friends,  unsolicited, 
furnished  him  with  the  means  to  obtain  an 
education,  all  of  which  he  subsequently  re 
turned  with  interest.  He  prepared  himself 
for  college  in  nine  mouths,  and  graduated 
at  Franklin  College  in  1832.  He  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1834. 
After  paying  his  debts,  his  first  earnings 
were  devoted  to  redeeming  from  the  hands 
of  strangers  the  home  of  his  childhood, 
which  had  been  sold  after  his  father's 
death,  and  upon  which  he  still  resides.  In 
183G  he  was  elected  to  the  lower  house  of 
the  State  Legislature,  where  ho  served 
five  years,  devoting  himself  especially  to 
the  internal  interests  of  his  native  State. 
In  1839  he  was  chosen  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Commercial  Convention"  at  Charleston, 
where  he  is  said  to  have  made  a  deep  im 
pression  by  his  peculiar  eloquence.  In 
1842  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  his 
State ;  and  in  1843  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  to 
which  position  he  was  regularly  re-elected 


362 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


to  the  close  of  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress. 
He  has  served  on  many  committees,  de 
livered  many  speeches,  and  it  was  while 
he  officiated  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Territories,  that  the  Territories  of 
Minnesota  and  Oregon  were  admitted  into 
the  Union.  He  subsequently  became 
identified  with  the  Rebellion  of  18G1,  and 
was  chosen  Vice-President  and  member 
of  Congress  of  the  so-called  "  Southern 
Confederacy."  He  was  subsequently  con 
fined  as  a  Prisoner  of  State  in  Fort  War 
ren,  and  released  by  order  of  President 
Johnson.  In  18G6  he  was  chosen  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union 
Convention,"  but  did  not  attend  its  pro 
ceedings.  His  "Life and  Speeches "  were 
published  in  one  volume,  in  1867,  edited 
by  Henry  Cleveland. 

Stephens,  Philander. — Was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in 
Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1829 
to  1833.  He  died  at  Springfield,  Penn 
sylvania,  July  8,  1842,  aged  fifty-four 
years. 

Stephenson,  Benjamin.— He  was 

a  Delegate  in  Congress,  from  Illinois  Ter 
ritory,  from  1815  to  1816,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  receiver  of  Public  Moneys  in  Ed- 
wardsville,  Illinois. 

i 

Stephenson,  James.— "Kb  was  born 
in  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania*  March  20, 
1764 ;  and,  having  removed  to  Virginia  at 
an  early  day,  commanded  a  company  in 
the  campaign  of  General  St.  Clair;  was 
present  at  the  quelling  'of  the  Whiskey 
Insurrection  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
promoted  to  the  office  of  Brigade  Inspector ; 
he  served  for  many  years  as  a  Delegate  to 
the  Virginia  Assembly ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1803  to  1805,  from  1809  to  1811,  and 
again  from  1822  to  1825.  He  died  in  Au 
gust,  1833. 

Stephenson,  James  S.  —  He  was 
born  in  York  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1825  to  1829 ;  and  died 
at  Pittsburg,  October  17,  1831. 

Sterigere,  John  B. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Montgomery  County, 
Pennsylvania,  from  1827  to  1831;  and  a 
member,  in  1829,  of  the  Committee  on  Pri 
vate  Laud  Claims. 

Sterling,  Ansel. — He  was  a  native  of 
New  London  County,  Connecticut,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1821  to  1825. 

Sterling,  MicaJi.—'Rorn  at  Lyme, 
Connecticut,  in  1781,  and  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1804.  He  removed  to  the 
State  of  New  York,  and  was  for  some 


years  a  member  of  the  Legislature ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress  from  1821  to 
1823.  He  died  at  Watertovvu,  New  York, 
April  10,  1844. 

Sterrett,  Samuel.— lie  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
of  the  United  States,  from  Maryland, 
from  1791  to  1793;  and  died  at  Baltimore, 
July  12,  1833,  aged  seventy-seven  years. 

Stetson,  Charles. — He  was  born  in 
New  Ipswich,  New  Hampshire,  Novem 
ber  7,  1801 ;  was  removed  in  1802  to 
Hampden,  Maine ;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1823 ;  studied  law,  and  practised 
the  profession  until  1833,  when  he  re 
moved  to  the  City  of  Bangor.  In  1834  he 
was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Municipal 
Court  of  that  city ;  subsequently  held  the 
office  of  Clerk  of  all  the  Judicial  Courts 
for  the  County  of  Penobscot ;  in  1845  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Executive 
Council  of  the  State,  and  re-elected  three 
years  in  succession ;  and  in  1848  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Maine  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Commerce. 

Stetson,  Lemuel. — He  was  born  in 
New  York;  bred  to  the  law;  served  for 
three  years  in  the  Assembly  of  that  State ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1843  to  1845,  from  the  same  State ; 
was  County  Judge  of  Clinton  County  from 
1847  to  1851. 

Stevens,  Aaron  .F.— Born  in  Deny, 
New  Hampshire,  August  9, 1819 ;  educated 
at  Pinkerton  Academy ;  studied  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1845,  locating  at 
Nashua;  in  1849  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature,  and  re-elected;  served 
five  years  as  a  State  Solicitor;  in  18(51  he 
entered  the  Volunteer  army  as  Major  in 
the  First  N.  H.  Infantry ;  was  promoted 
in  1862,  and  as  a  Colonel  served  through 
the  war;  was  wounded  at  Fort  Harrison 
in  1864,  and  for  his  gallantry  was  soon 
afterwards  brevetted  a  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  ;  and  in  1867  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Union  Prisoners,  Revolution 
ary  Claims,  and  Naval  Affairs. 

Stevens,  JSestor  L. — He  was  born  in 
Lima,  Livingston  County,  New  York,  in 
October,  1803;  received  a  good  English 
and  classical  education ;  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law ;  was  for  several  years  con 
nected  with  the  press  in  Rochester;  and, 
having  taken  up  his  residence  in  Mich 
igan,  was  elected  a  Representative  iu 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855.  Died  iu  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  May  7, 
1864. 

Stevens,  Isaac  I.— lie  was  born  in 
North  Audover,  Massachusetts,  in  1818; 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


363 


graduated  at  the  West  Point  Military 
Academy  in  1839,  and  entered  the  Corps  of 
Engineers,  in  which  service  he  continued 
until  1853,  when  he  was  appointed  Govern 
or  and  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs 
for  the  Territory  of  Washington.  This 
office  he  resigned  in  1857,having  previously 
been  elected  a  Delegate  to  Congress 
from  Washington  Territory,  where  he 
continued  until  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Rebellion  in  18C1.  As  an  officer  of  the 
army,  he  was  at  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz 
under  General  Scott;  fought  in  several 
subsequent  battles ;  was  severely  wound 
ed  in  the  final  assault  upon  the  City  of 
Mexico,  and  was  twice  brevetted  for  gal 
lant  services.  He  also  served  for  a  time 
as  an  assistant  in  the  Coast  Survey  Office 
in  Washington  City.  When  Governor 
of  Washington  Territory,  he  travelled 
throughout  its  whole  extent,  and  as  Com 
missioner  made  many  treaties  with  the 
Indian  tribes.  In  September,  18G1,  he 
was  appointed  a  Brigadier-General  in  the 
Volunteer  service,  and  was  killed  in  bat 
tle  at  Bull  Run,  Virginia,  in  1862. 

Stevens,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Fail-field,  Connecticut;  served  in  Congress 
as  a  Representative,  from  that  State,  from 
1819  to  1821,  voting  with  the  South  on 
the  Missouri  Compromise;  and  in  1822 
•was  appointed  Postmaster  at  Stamford; 
he  died  at  that  place  in  April,  1835,  aged 
sixty-seven  years. 

Stevens,  Thaddeus.—T>orn  in  Cal 
edonia  County,  Vermont,  April  4,  1793; 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1814; 
during  that  year  removed  to  Pennsylvania ; 
studied  law  and  taught  in  an  academy  at 
the  same  time;  in  1816  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Adams  County;  in  1833  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  also 
in  1834,  1835,  1837,  and  1841 ;  in  1836  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Convention  to  re 
vise  the  State  Constitution;  in  1838  was 
appointed  a  Canal  Commissioner;  in  1842 
he  removed  to  Lancaster;  and  in  1848  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  also  to 
the  Thirty-second ;  and  in  1858  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and 
also  to  the  Thirty-seventh,  during  which 
he  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Ways  and  Means,  having  previously 
served  on  various  important  committees. 
In  18G2  he  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  again  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Ways  aud 
Means,  and  also  as  Chairman  of  the  Spec 
ial  Committee  on  the  Pacific  Railroad. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Baltimore 
Convention"  of  1864.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Appropriations* 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  the 
Death  of  President  Lincoln,  and  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committees  on  a  Postal  Rail 
road  to  New  York,  on  Reconstruction, 


and  Free  Schools  in  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  18G6; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  the 
Niagara  Ship  Canal,  and  as  Chairman  of 
the  Special  Committee  on  Reconstruction. 
In  1867  he  received  from  Middlebury  Col 
lege  the  degree  of  LL.D.  He  was  also 
one  of  the  Managers  in  the  Impeachment 
Trial  of  President  Andrew  Johnson. 

Stevenson,  Andrew. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Culpepper  County,  Virginia,  and 
entered  public  life  in  1804  as  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature,  where,  for  several 
sessions,  he  was  elected  Speaker  of  the 
House.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Virginia,  from  1821  to  1834 ; 
and  for  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses,  from  1828  to 
1834,  was  Speaker.  He  was  appointed 
Minister  to  Great  Britain  in  1836,  and  re 
mained  there  till  he  was  succeeded  by  Mr. 
Everett  in  1841.  After  his  return  to 
America  he  devoted  himself  chiefly  to 
agricultural  pursuits,  and  to  the  interests 
of  the  University  of  Virginia,  of  which 
institution  he  was  Rector  at  tlie  time  of 
his  death.  As  a  friend  and  neighbor  he 
was  much  beloved.  He  died  at  Blenheim, 
Albcmarle  County,  Virginia,  January  25, 
1857,  aged  seventy-three. 

Stevenson,  John  TF.— Born  in  Rich 
mond,  Virginia,  and  was  the  son  of  An 
drew  Stevenson;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Virginia ;  read  law,  and  settled 
in  Covington,  Kentucky,  in  1841,  practis 
ing  his  profession  with  success ;  was 
elected  to  the  Kentucky  Legislature  in 
1845,  1846,  and  1847;  in  1849  he  was 
elected  to  the  "  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention,"  in  which  he  took  a  leading  part; 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Democratic  Na 
tional  Conventions  of  1848,  1852,  and 
1856;  he  was  twice  a  Senatorial  Elector; 
and  was  one  of  three  Commissioners  ap 
pointed  to  revise  the  Civil  and  Criminal 
Code  of  Kentucky;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress  from  that  State,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Elections.  Ho  was 
also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  same  committee. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866,  and  in  1867  he  was  elected  Lt.  Gov 
ernor  of  Kentucky,  -and  acted  as  Gov 
ernor. 

Stewart,  Andrew.— BorninFayette 
County,  Pennsylvania,  in  June,  1792.  He 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1815;  was  soon  afterwards  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature,  and  served  three 
years ;  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Monroe,  District  Attorney  for  Western 
Pennsylvania;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1821  to  182i),  from  1831 


3G4 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


to  1835,  and  from  1843  to  1847.  In  Con 
gress  and  out  of  it,  he  was  ever  a  warm 
advocate  of  what  is  known  as  the  "  Amer 
ican  Protective  System,"  and  of  late  years 
lie  has  been  devoted  chiefly  to  the  con 
genial  pursuits  of  agriculture,  though 
paying  some  attention  to  the  business  of 
manufacturing. 

Stewart,  Archibald.  —  He   was  a 

Delegate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  in  1784  and  1785,  to  fill  a 
temporary  vacancy. 

Stewart,  David. — He  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  and  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Maryland,  from  December  6,  1849, 
to  January  12,  1850,  by  Executive  appoint 
ment,  in  place  of  Reverdy  Johnson,  re 
signed.  Died  in  Baltimore,  Maryland, 
January  6,  1858. 

Stewart,  James. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  during  the  years  1818  and  1819. 
Died  in  North  Carolina  in  February,  1822, 
aged  fifty-two  years. 

Stewart,  James  A.  —  He  was  born 
in  Dorchester  County,  Maryland,  Novem 
ber  24,  1808 ;  received  a  good  education, 
and  studied  law;  served  in  the  State  Leg 
islature  ;  was  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court 
of  Maryland;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Patents.  He  was  also  elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
same  committee. 

Stewart,  John.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1800  to  1801,  for  the  unexpired  term 
of  T.  Hartley,  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses. 

Stewart,  John.—  Born  in  Chatham, 
Connecticut,  in  1795 ;  was  by  occupation 
a  farmer ;  served  many  years  in  the  Con 
necticut  Legislature ;  was  Judge  or  Mid 
dlesex  County  Court;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecticut, 
from  1843  to  1845.  Died  at  Chatham, 
September  16,  1860. 

Stewart,  Thomas  E.— He  was  born 
in  New  York  City, .  September  22,  1824; 
received  a  good  education;  studied  law 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1845 ;  in  1854  he 
was  elected  Commissioner  of  Common 
Schools ;  in  1864  and  1865  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  State  Assembly,  and  in 
1866  he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
New  York  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Naval  Affairs. 

Stewart,  William. — He  was  born  in 
the  town  of  Mercer,  Mercer  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  September  16,  1811;  was  edu 


cated  at  Jefferson  College,  in  that  State; 
studied  law.  and  was  admitted  to  practice 
in  1835.  He  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Pennsylvania  for  three  years, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  Ex 
penses  in  the  War  Department,  and  on 
Agriculture. 

Stewart,    William   M.  —  Born   in 

Wayne  County,  New  York,  August  9, 
1827  ;  removed  with  his  father  to  Ohio  in 
1835  ;  left  home  in  his  thirteenth  year,  and 
prepared  himself  for  college,  chiefly  in 
New  York;  entered  Yale  College  in  1848, 
where  he  remained  eighteen  months,  and 
then  left  for  the  gold  fields  of  California. 
He  spent  two  years  in  the  mining  busi 
ness  ;  in  1852  commenced  reading  law,  and 
during  that  year  was  appointed  District 
Attorney  for  the  County  of  Nevada,  and 
was  subsequently  elected  to  the  same 
office ;  in  1854,  during  the  absence  of  the 
Attorney-General  of  California,  he  was 
appointed  to  perform  the  duties  of  that 
office ;  he  next  spent  about  eighteen 
months  practising 'his  profession  in  San 
Francisco ;  after  that  he  did  the  same  in 
Nevada  City  and  Downieville ;  in  1860  he 
removed  to  the  then  Territory  of  Utah 
(now  Nevada)  ;  served  in  the  Territorial 
Legislature  in  1861;  was  also  a  member 
of  the  "  Constitutional  Convention  "  held  in, 
1863,  and  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Nevada,  for  the  term  com 
mencing  in  1865  and  ending  in  1869,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  the  Judiciary, 
Public  Lands,  Pacific  Railroad,  and  Mines 
and  Mining.  In  1865  he  received  from 
Yale  College  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts. 

Stiles,  John  D. — Was  born  in  Lu- 
zerne  County,  Pennsyh'ania,  January  15, 
1823;  received  an  academic  education; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1844;  in  1853  he  was  elected  District 
Attorney  for  Lehigh  County,  and  held  the 
office  three  years ;  he  was  a  Delegate  in 
1856  to  the  "  National  Convention  "  which 
nominated  Mr.  Buchanan  for  President, 
and  was  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  for  the  unexpired  term  of  his 
friend,  T.  B.  Cooper,  deceased,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
Claims.  In  1862  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Expenditures  in  the  State 
Department,  and  Revolutionary  Claims. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago 
Convention  "  of  1864,  and  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "National  Union  Convention"  of 
1866. 

Stiles,  William  If. — He  was  born  in 
Savannah,  Georgia ;  received  a  good  edu 
cation,  and  adopted  the  profession  of  law; 
in  1833  he  was  elected  Solicitor-General 
of  the  Eastern  District  of  the  State,  which. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


365 


resigned  in  1736  ;  he  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1843  to 
1845  ;  and  by  President  Polk  he  was  ap- 
poimed  Charge  d'Att'aires  to  Austria,  of 
which  country,  after  his  return,  lie  pub 
lished  a  history.  He  served  as  a  Colonel 
in  the  great  Rebellion,  and  died  at  Savan 
nah  oil  the  20th  day  of  December,  18G5. 


f  Thomas  N.  —  BorninStil- 
\vell,  Butler  County,  Ohio,  August  29, 
1830;  educated  at  Oxford  and  College 
Hill,  Ohio;  studied  law  in  that  State,  and 
removed  to  Indiana  in  1852,  when  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  in  1856  he  was  elect 
ed  to  the  Legislature  of  Indiana;  was 
subsequently  engaged  in  the  banking  busi 
ness  ;  served  one  year  as  an  officer  in  the 
war  for  the  Union;  and  in  1864  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative  from  Indiana  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Agriculture,  and  Invalid 
Pensions.  In  1867  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Johnson,  Minister  Resident  to 
Venezuela. 

St.    John,   Daniel    B.  —  Born   in 

Sharon,  Litchfleld  County,  Connecticut, 
Octobers,  1808;  removed  to  New  York; 
became  a  merchant's  clerk,  and  then  fol 
lowed  the  mercantile  business  until  1847; 
in  1839  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  served  four  years  as  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Supervisors  for  Sullivan 
County  ;  and  was  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress. 
From  1849  until  1855  he  had  charge  of 
the  Bank  Department  of  New  York,  since 
which  time  he  has  been  devoted  to  agri 
cultural  pursuits  in  Newburg,  New  York. 

St.  John,  Henry.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1843  to  1847. 

St.  Martin,  Louis.  —  He  was  born 
in  Louisiana,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

StocMon,  John  P.—  Born  in  Prince 
ton,  New  Jersey,  August  2,  1825,  his 
father  and  grandfather  having  both  served 
in  the  United  States  Senate,  and  his  great 
grandfather  having  been  one  of  the  signers 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence.  He 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1843; 
studied  law,  was  licensed  to  practise  in 
1846,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1849.  He 
was  appointed  by  the  Legislature  of  New 
Jersey  to  revise  the  laws  of  the  State  ;  was 
for  several  years  the  Reporter  in  Chancery, 
and  published  three  volumes,  which  bear 
his  name  ;  was  appointed,  by  President 
Buchanan,  in  1858,  Minister  Resident  to 
Rome,  but,  on  the  election  of  President 
Lincoln,  asked  to  be  recalled;  since  which 
time,  until  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  New  Jersey  in  1865,  for  the  term  end 
ing  in  1871,  he  has  been  devoted  to  his 


profession.  In  the  Senate  he  served  on  the 
Committee  on  Pensions.  On  the  question 
of  his  right  to  the  seat  in  the  Senate  there 
was  a  long  debate,  and  he  was  admitted 
by  the  vote  of  22  to  21,  the  deciding  vote, 
owing  to  peculiar  circumstances,  having 
been  cast  by  himself.  The  question,  how 
ever,  was  reconsidered,  he  withdrew  his 
vote,  and  then  by  a  vote  of  22  to  21  he  lost 
his  seat  March  27,  1866.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  ';  National 
Uuiou  Convention"  of  1866. 

Stockton,  Richard.— Re  was  born  in 
Princeton,  New  Jersey,  October  1,  1730 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1748; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law  and  became 
eminent;  was  appointed  n  Judge,  both 
under  the  Provincial  government  and  after 
the  adoption  of  the  Constitution ;  he  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1776  and  1777,  and  signed  the  Declaration 
of  Independence.  Died  February  28,  1781. 
His  son,  bearing  his  name,  a  grandson, 
and  great-grandson  succeeded  him  as 
members  of  the  Federal  Congress. 

Stockton, Richard.— Born  at  Prince 
ton,  New  Jersey,  April  17,  1764,  and  grad 
uated  at  Nassau  Hall  in  1779 ;  on  leaving 
college  he  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  practice  at  the  age  of  twenty.  In  1792 
and  1801  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector. 
He  was  a  Senator  of  the  United  States 
from  1796  to  1799,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1813  to  1815.  In  1827  he 
was  a  Commissioner  for  settling  the  boun 
dary  line  between  New  York  and  New 
Jersey.  He  was  eminently  distinguished 
for  his  talents,  was  an  eloquent  and  pro 
found  lawyer,  and  during  more  than  a 
quarter  of  a  century  was  at  the  head  of  the 
bar  in  New  Jersey.  He  died  at  Princeton, 
March  7,  1823. 

Stockton,  Robert  Field. — He  was 

born  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  in  1795. 
Early  in  life  he  entered  the  United  States 
Navy,and  was  actively  engaged  in  some  of 
the  most  important  naval  battles  during 
the  war  of  1812.  He  commanded  the  Amer 
ican  squadron  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  and 
he  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Colony 
of  Liberia.  He  was  one  of  the  first  of  our 
commanders  to  introduce  and  apply  steam 
to  naval  purposes,  — the  famous  sloop-of- 
war  Princeton  having  been  built  under  his 
supervision.  When  war  was  declared  with 
Mexico,  he  was  placed  in  command  of  our 
fleet  in  the  Paciflc.and  performed  the  duties 
of  Commodore,  General,  and  Governor, 
and  the  foundations  of  religion,  education, 
and  social  progress  were  laid  by  his  instru 
mentality  in  many  of  those  outposts  of  our 
Western  world.  Soon  after  his  return  from 
the  Pacific,  he  resigned  his  commission  in 
the  navy,  and  devoted  himself  to  the  inter 
nal  improvement  of  his  native  State.  He 
was  elected  United  States  Senator  for  the 
term  from  1851  to  1857,  but  resigned  in. 


3G6 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


\ 


1853,  serving  as  a  member  of  several  im 
portant  committees.  The  bill  to  abolish 
Hogging  in  the  navy  was  introduced  by 
him.  He  was  also  elected  a  Delegate  to 
the  "Peace  Congress  "in  18C1.  He  was 
President  of  the  Delaware  and  Raritan 
Canal  Company  from  the  time  he  left  the 
Senate  until  his  death,  which  occurred  at 
Princeton,  New  Jersey,  October  7,  18G6. 

Stoddard,  Ebenezer.-Vorn  in  West 
Woodstock,  Connecticut,  May  6, 1786,  and 
graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1803; 
he  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and  prac 
tised  extensively ;  had  several  years  been 
a  member  of  the  State  Legislature ;  and 
was  Lieutenant-Goveruorof  the  State  for 
one  year.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1821  to  1825,  and  died  at 
Woodstock,  August,  1848. 

\  Stoddart,  John  T.— He  graduated 
at  Princeton  College  in  1810 ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1833  to  1835,  and  a  member  of  the 
Committees  on  Claims,  and  the  District  of 
Columbia. 

StoJcely,  Samuel. — He  was  born  in 
Ohio;  received  a  liberal  education;  adopt 
ed  the  profession  of  law;  served  in  the 
State  Legislature ;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1811  to 
1843,  serving  on  two  prominent  commit 
tees. 

Stokes,  Montford. — Born  in  North 
Carolina  in  1760;  was  for  several  years 
Clerk  of  the  Superior  Court,  and  subse 
quently  of  the  Senate ;  in  which  capacity 
he  became  so  popular  as  to  bo  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  which  honor  he 
declined.  He  was  again  elected  in  1816 
to  the  same  position  and  served  until  1823. 
In  1826  he  went  into  the  General  Assembly 
as  Senator;  in  1823  into  the  Commons; 
also  in  1830,  when  he  was  elected  Gover 
nor  of  the  State.  In  1831  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Jackson,  Indian  Agent  in 
Arkansas,  where  he  died  in  1842. 

StoJces,  William  B. — He  was  born 
in  Chatham  County,  North  Carolina,  Sep 
tember  9,  1814;  received  when  young 
only  a  limited  education;  has  devoted  the 
most  of  his  life  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
served  three  sessions  in  the  Legislature  of 
Tennessee,  twice  as  a  Representative  and 
once  as  a  Senator;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Tennessee,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions. 
During  the  Rebellion  of  18G1  he  served  as 
a  Colonel  in  the  Union  army.  In  1865  he 
xvas  re-elected  a  Representative,  from  Ten 
nessee,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but 
was  not  admitted  to  his  stat  until  near  the 
close  of  the  first  session  of  that  Congress, 
when  he  was  placed  on  the  Committee  on 
Elections.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 


Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
1806.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Claims. 

Stone,  Alfred  I*. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from 
1844  to  1845.  By  profession  he  was  a  mer 
chant;  at  one  time  Treasurer  of  the  State 
of  Ohio;  was  appointed,  by  President  Lin 
coln,  a  Collector  of  Internal  Revenue ; 
and  died,  by  taking  poison,  at  Columcus, 
Ohio,  August  2,  1865. 

Stone,  David. — Born  in  Bertie  Coun 
ty,  North  Carolina,  February  17,  1770; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College,  in  1788; 
studied  law,  and  rose  to  a  high  position  at 
the  bar.  He  was  four  years  in  the  State 
Legislature;  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
from  1795  to  1798;  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1799  to  1801 ;  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  1801  to  1807;  Governor  of 
North  Carolina  in  1808 ;  and  served  a  sec 
ond  time  as  United  States  Senator  from 
1813  to  1814,  which  position  he  resigned 
on  account  of  disagreements  with  his 
constituents.  Died  October  7,  1818. 

Stone,  FredericJc. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  his  grandfather,  Thomas  Stone, 
having  been  in  the  Continental  Congress, 
and  another  ancestor,  William  Stone, 
Deputy  Governor  of  Maryland,  under 
Lord  Baltimore.  He  was  liberally  educat 
ed  chiefly  in  Georgetown,  1).  C.,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  in  1851  he 
was  tendered  the  office  of  Deputy  District 
Attorney  for  his  County,  but  declined;  in. 
1852  he  was  appointed,  by  the  Legislature, 
one  of  the  Commissioners  to  revise  and 
simplify  the  Rules  of  Reading  and  Prac 
tice  in -the  Courts  of  Maryland;  in  1855 
and  1856  he  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State 
Constitutional  Convention"  of  1864,  but 
declined  to  accept;  and  in  1866  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Maryland, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Private  Laud  Claims  and 
on  Education  and  Labor. 

Stone,  James. — Born  in  Kentucky, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1843  to  1845. 

Stone,  James  IF. —Born  in  Ken 
tucky,  in  1813,  and  died  October  13,  1854. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
1843  to  1845,  and  again  from  1851  to  1853. 

Stone,  Michael.— lie  was  born  in 
Charles  County,  Maryland,  about  the  year 
1750,  and  died  in  1812.  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress, from  his  native  State, 
from  1789  to  1791;  and  was  subsequently, 
for  many  years,  Judge  of  the  Charles 
County  Court.  He  was  one  of  those  who 
voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of  Government 
on  the  Potomac. 


BIOGBAPIIICAL    KECOEDS. 


3G7 


Stone,  Thomas. — Born  at  Pointon, 
Manor,  Charles  County,  Maryland,  in  1743 ; 
received  a  liberal  education  and  adopted 
the  profession  of  law;  early  joined  the 
patriots  of  the  Revolution ;  Avas  a  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  from  1775  to 
1770,  and  in  1784  and  1785;  was  a  signer 
of  tlie  Declaration  of  Independence ;  in 
1778  he  was  chosen  to  the  Maryland  Leg 
islature  ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conven 
tion  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitu 
tion  ;  and  died  October  7,  1787. 

Stone,  William.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1838  to  1839. 

Storer,  Bellamy. — He  was  born  in 
Portland,  Maine,  about  the  year  1798 ; 
graduated  at  Bovvdoin  College,  from  which 
he  subsequently  received  the  degree  of 
LL.D. ;  removed  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  when 
twenty-one  years  ol  age ;  studied  law,  and 
practised  the  profession ;  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1835  to 
1837;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1844; 
since  which  time  he  has  served  three  terms 
as  a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  in  the 
District  of  Cincinnati.  He  is  also  a  Pro 
fessor  in  the  Cincinnati  Law  College. 

Storer,  Clement.— He  was  born  in 
17GO,  and  died  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hamp 
shire,  November  22,  1830.  He  was  a 
United  States  Senator,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1817  to  1819. 

Storrs,  Henry  It.  —Bora  in  Middle- 
town,  Connecticut,  in  1787.  He  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1804;  practised  law 
some  years  at  Utica,  New  York ;  and,  dur 
ing  his  residence  there,  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  1819  to  1821,  and 
from  1823  to  1831.  He  afterwards  estab 
lished  himself  in  the  City  of  New  York, 
where  he  soon  became  a  very  eminent 
practitioner  in  his  profession.  He  was 
possessed  of  extensive  and  various  ac 
quirements,  uncommon  powers  of  discrim 
ination,  great  logical  exactness,  and  a 
ready  and  powerful  elocution ;  and,  as  a 
debater  in  Congress,  he  stood  conspicuous 
in  the  first  rank.  He  died  July  29,  1837, 
at  New  Haven. 

Storrs,  William  L. — He  was  born 
in  Middletown,  Connecticut,  March  25, 
1795;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1814; 
adopted  the  law  as  a  profession ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Con 
necticut,  from  1829  to  1833,  and  again 
from  1839  to  1840;  was  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Connecticut  from  1840  to 
1856;  and  Chief  Justice  from  185G  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  at  Hartford, 
June  25,  1861.  He  was  also  Professor  of 
Law  in  Yale  College,  in  1846  and  1847. 

Story,  Joseph. — Born  in  Marble- 
head,  Massachusetts,  September  18,  1779. 


He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1798 : 
studied  law;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  in  1805,  and  elected  Speaker; 
and  during  the  years  1808  and  1809  he 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress.  In 
1811  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Mad 
ison,  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States,  which  office  he  held  until 
his  death.  He  acquired  a  large  fortune 
from  his  practice  as  a  lawyer,  and  it  is 
said  that  his  income  from  the  sale  of  his 
legal  writings,  which  are  numerous  and 
of  the  highest  order,  numbering  twenty- 
seven  volumes,  with  thirty-four  volumes 
of  Decisions,  has  amounted  to  ten  thou 
sand  dollars  per  annum.  In  1830  he  was 
appointed  Dane  Professor  in  the  Law 
School  of  Harvard  University,  and  subse 
quently  published  his  Commentaries  on 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States.  In 
early  life  he  was  a  writer  of  poetry,  and, 
in  his  later  years,  was  considered,  even 
in  England,  "the  first  of  living  writers 
on  law."  He  received  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
from  the  Colleges  of  Harvard,  Brown, 
and  Dartmouth.  He  died  in  Cambridge, 
September  10,  1845.  His  Life  was  pub 
lished  by  his  son,  W.  W.  Story,  in  1851. 

Stout,  Lansing.— Born  in  Pamelia, 
New  York,  March  27,  1828;  received  a 
limited  education,  and  commenced  active 
life  by  working  on  a  farm  and  teaching 
school ;  became  a  Superintendent  of  pub 
lic  schools,  and  studied  law ;  went  to  Cali 
fornia  in  1851,  and  in  1856  was  elected  to 
the  California  Legislature;  in  1857  he 
went  to  Oregon,  and  turned  his  attention 
to  the  practice  of  law ;  in  1858  was  elected 
Judge  of  Multnomah  County;  and  before 
the  close  of  that  year  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Oregon  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Expenses  in  the  State  De 
partment,  and  of  the  Special  Committee 
of  Thirty- three  on  the  Rebellious  States. 

Stow,  Silas. — He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1811  to  1813. 

Stower,  tToJin  G.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1827  to  1829,  and  was  a  State  Sena 
tor  from  Madison  County  in  1833  and 
1834. 

Stranahan,  J.  S.  T.— He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857. 

Strange,  Robert.—  Born  in  Virginia, 
September  20,  1796;  educated  atliampden 
Sidney  College ;  studied  law,  and  removed 
to  North  Carolina,  where  he  took  a  high 
position  in  his  profession ;  he  served  a 
number  of  years  in  the  State  Legislature; 
was  elected  in  1826  a  Judge  of  the  Supe 
rior  Court;  and  held  the  office  until  he 


368 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


was  elected  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States,  from  183G  to  1841,  but  resigned 
his  seat  in  1840,  having  received  from  his 
State  instructions  incompatible  with  his 
ideas  of  duty.  He  was  subsequently  ap 
pointed  Solicitor  for  the  Fifth  Judicial 
District  of  the  State,  and,  toward  the 
close  of  his  life,  was  wholly  devoted  to 
his  profession.  He  was  the  author  of 
a  novel,  printed  for  private  circulation, 
entitled  "  Eoneguski;  or,  "  The  Cherokee 
Chief."  He  died  in  1854. 

Stratton,  Charles  C.—  Born  in  New 
Jersey  in  1796 ;  was  an  active  politician ; 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  State 
Legislature;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from  1837  to 
1839,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  "  Constitutional 
Convention"  of  1844,  and  Governor  of  New 
Jersey  from  1844  to  1848,  after  which  he 
retired  to  his  farm  in  Gloucester  County, 
where  he  died,  March  30,  1859.  He  was 
a  candidate  for  election  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  and,  although  he  appeared 
with  the  broad  seal  of  his  State,  he  was 
not  admitted. 

Stratton,  John. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1801  to  1803. 

Stratton,   John    L.    N.—  Born   in 

Mount  Holly,  Nc\v  Jersey,  in  1817 ;  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1836 ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839 ; 
and  in  1858  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  from  New  Jersey  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Elections,  and  the  Special 
Committee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebel 
lious  States.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Ways  and  Means,  and  on  National 
Armories.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
1866. 

Stratton,  Nathan  T.—  Born  in  New 
Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1855. 

Straub,  Christian  M.—  Born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Street,  Randall  S.— He  was  born 
in  Catskill,  New  York,  in  1780;  and,  after 
receiving  a  good  education,  studied  law 
and  settled  in  the  practice  of  the  profes 
sion  at  Poughkeepsie.  In  1810  he  was 
appointed  a  District  Attorney  for  the 
State,  and  reappointecl  in  1813,  but  soon 
afterwards,  as  Major  and  Lieutenant-Colo 
nel,  served  in  the  array  during  the  war 
with  England.  He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1819 
to  1821,  and  occupied  a  high  position  as 


such ;  he  was  also  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  General  of  the  Militia.  In  1323  he  re 
moved  to  Monticello,  in  Sullivan  County, 
where  he  continued  to  reside,  in  the  prac 
tice  of  his  profession,  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  1841.  He  was  the 
father  of  the  gifted  poet  Alfred  B.  Street, 
and  a  relation  also  of  Augustus  R.  Street, 
who  founded  the  Fine  Art  Gallery  of  Yale 
College. 

Strohin,  John* — He  was  born  Octo 
ber  16,  1793,  iji  Lancaster  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  what  is  now  Fulton  Township; 
received  a  common-school  education, 
and  taught  school  for  six  years.  In 
1831  he  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
the  Legislature  of  his  native  State,  serv 
ing  three  sessions  in  the  House  and  eight 
in  the  Senate,  and  during  one  term  as 
Speaker.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1845  to  1847,  and  for  a 
second  term  ending  in  1849.  He  was  also 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866. 

Strong,  Caleb.— 'Born  in  Northamp 
ton,  Massachusetts,  January,  1745,  and 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1764.  In 
consequence  of  poor  health  he  did  not 
commence  the  practice  of  law  for  eight 
years  afterwards.  He  spent  his  life  at 
Northampton,  where  his  paternal  ances 
tors  had  lived  from  the  year  1659.  In 
1775  he  was  a  member  of  the  Committee 
of  Safety ;  and  in  1780  he  was  chosen  one 
of  the  Council  of  Massachusetts.  In  1779 
he  assisted  in  forming  the  Constitution  of 
that  State;  and  in  1787  he  also  assisted  in 
forming  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  but  did  not  sign  that  instrument. 
From  1789  to  1797  he  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  and  from  1800  to  1807  he  was 
Governor  of  the  State;  also,  from  1812  to 
1816;  and  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1809. 
Governor  Strong  was  a  man  of  unimpeach 
able  moral  character,  and  he  possessed  a 
vigorous  and  well-cultivated  mind.  He 
died  November  7,  1819. 

Strong,  James.— lie  was  born  in 
Windham,  Connecticut,  in  1783,  and 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Vermont 
in  1806;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1819  to  1821 ; 
and  again  from  1823  to  1831.  He  died 
in  Chester,  New  Jersey,  August  8,  1847. 

Strong,  Jededlah. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1782  to  1784. 

Strong,  Selah  B. — He  was  born  in 
Brookliaven,  Long  Island,  May  1,  1792; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1811 ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814; 
was  at  one  time  Attorney  for  Suffolk 
County;  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1843  to  1845 ;  and  was  appointed,  in. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


369 


1847,  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
New  York. 

Strong,  Solomon. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts 
from  1815  to  181ft.  He  was  also  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1812,  1813, 
1843,  and  1844 ;  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  from  1818  to  1842 ;  and  died  Sep 
tember  16,  1850,  aged  seventy-one  years. 

Strong,  Stephen. — He  was  born  in 
Connecticat,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  Tiom  New  York,  from  1845  to 
184  r. 

Strong,  Theron  12.— He  was  born 
in  Connecticut ;  served  in  the  Assembly 
of  New  York,  from  Wayne  County,  in 
1842 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1839  to  1841. 

Strong,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Windham  County,  Connecticut,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  from  1811  to  1815,  and  again  from 
1819  to  1821.  He  was  also  a  Sheriff  for 
eight  years  in  Hartford  County ;  Judge  of 
the  same  County ;  and  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  for  eight  years. 

Strong,  William.— Born  in  Somers, 
Tolland  County,  Connecticut,  May  C, 
1808.  Educated  at  Plainfleld  Academy 
and  at  Yale  College.  After  graduating,  in 
1828,  he  taught  school  in  Connecticut  and 
in  New  Jersey,  meanwhile  studying  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Philadelphia, 
in  1832,  and  soon  after  began  to  practise 
law  in  Reading,  Berks  County,  Pennsylva 
nia.  He  was  elected,  from  Pennsylvania, 
to  the  Thirtieth  and  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congresses.  Upon  retiring  from  Con 
gress  he  resumed  his  profession,  and  con 
tinued  in  the  practice  until  1857,  when  he 
was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Pennsylvania  for  fifteen  years.  In  1867 
he  received  from  Lafayette  College  the 
degree  of  LL.L). 

Str 'other,  George  F.—He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Culpepper  County,  Virginia,  a  law 
yer  by  profession,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1817  to 
1820,  when  he  was  appointed  Receiver  of 
Public  Moneys  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri. 

Str  other,  James  F.—  He  was  born 
In  Culpepper  County,  Virginia,  September 
4,1811;  received  a  collegiate  education, 
and  adopted  the  profession  of  law.  He 
seryed  ten  years  in  the  Legislature  of  Vir 
ginia,  having  occupied  the  chair  of  Speak 
er  during  the  sessions  of  1847  and  1848. 
He  was  a  member,  in  1850,  of  the  Con 
vention  which  formed  the  present  Consti 
tution  of  the  State;  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress  from  1851  to  1853.  Died  in 
Culpepper  County,  September  20,  I860. 


Strouse,  Myer.  — Was  born  in  Ger 
many,  December  16,  1825 ;  came  with  his 
father  to  the  United  States  in  1832,  and 
settled  in  Pottsville,  Pennsylvania;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education  and  studied 
law ;  from  1848  to  1852  he  edited  a  news 
paper  in  Philadelphia  called  "The  North 
American  Farmer,"  after  which  he  devoted 
himself  to  the  practice  of  his  profession ; 
and  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Roads  and  Canals.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Territories,  Expenses  in 
the  Interior  Department,  and  Mines  and 
Mining. 

StrudtvicJc,  William  E.—IIe  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  179G  to  1797. 

Stuart,  Alexander  II.    H.  —He 

was  born  in  Stauntou,  Virginia,  April  2, 
1807;  his  early  education  was  received  at 
the  Staunton  Academy,  and  in  1824  he 
spent  one  session  at  William  and  Mary 
College ;  he  then  commenced  the  study  of 
law,  which  he  finished  at  the  University 
of  Virginia,  in  1828,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  Stauntou  in  that  year.  His  po 
litical  career  began  as  a  member  of  the 
"Young  Men's  Convention"  in  Washing 
ton,  in  1832.  In  1836  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Delegates,  of 
Virginia,  from  the  County  of  Augusta, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1837  and  1838.  In 
1839  he  declined  a  re-election,  and  pur 
sued  the  practice  of  law.  He  took  an 
active  part  in  the  canvass  cf  1840  for 
President  Harrison.  In  1841  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Virginia,  and  served  till  1843.  In 
1844  he  delivered  the  annual  address  be 
fore  the  American  Institute  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  Presidential  Elector  on  the 
Clay  ticket  in  1844,  having  been,  from 
the  outset  of  life,  a  devoted  personal 
friend  of  that  statesman.  He  was  also  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1848.  In  1850  he 
was  invited,  by  President  Fillmore,  to  fill 
the  oflice  of  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
which  he  held  until  1853,  and  then  re 
turned  to  his  profession  in  Staunton.  In 
1856  he  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  nominated  Mr.  Fillmore.  In  1857 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  of  Vir 
ginia  for  four  years,  and  devoted  himself 
especially  to  the  subject  of  internal  im 
provements.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Con 
vention"  in  1866. 

Stuart,  Andrew.— Horn  in  Penn 
sylvania;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1853 
to  1855. 

Stuart,  Arc7iibald.—H.Q  was  bora 


370 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


in  Virginia,  and  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1839. 

Stuart,  Charles  72.—  He  was  born 
in  Columbia  County,  New  York,  Novem 
ber  25,  1810,  and  adopted  the  profession 
of  law.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Michi 
gan  Legislature  in  1812;  a  Representative 
in  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty -second  Con 
gresses  ;  and  was  elected,  in  1853,  for  six 
years,  a  Senator  in  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lauds.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion  "  of  I860. 

Stuart,  David.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Michigan,  from  1853  to 

1855. 

Stuart,  John  T.—  Was  born  in  Fay- 
ette  County,  Kentucky,  November  10, 
1807;  graduated  at  the  Centre  College, 
Danville,  in  182G;  and,  having  studied 
law,  settled  in  Illinois,  where  he  has  since 
practised  his  profession.  In  1832  and 
1834  he  was  a  member  of  the  Illinois  Leg 
islature  ;  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Illinois,  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Territories.  In  1848 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  serv 
ing  four  years;  and  in  1862  he  was 
re-elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  Foreign  Affairs. 

Stuart,  Philip.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1811  to  1819. 

Sturgeon,  Daniel.— lie  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1840  to  1851,  serving  on  a  great  variety 
of  committees. 

Sturgis,  Jonathan. — Born  at  Fair- 
field,  Connecticut,  August  23,  1740;  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1759,  and  became 
a  lawyer.  In  1775  he  was  chosen  a  Del 
egate  to  Congress;  he  espoused  and 
supported  the  cause  of  Independence, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1789  to  1793,  when  he  was  appointed 
a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Connect 
icut,  and  continued  in  the  office  until 
1805.  He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1797  and  1805 ;  and  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
was  conferred  upon  him  by  Yale  College. 
He  died  at  Fairfield,  October  4,  1819. 

Sturgis,  Lewis  Burr.  —  Born  in 
Fairfield,  Connecticut,  in  17G2,  and  grad- 
tiated  at  Yale  College  in  1782.  He  was  a 
Representative  in. Congress, from  Connect 
icut,  from  1805  to  1817;  and  subsequent 
ly  emigrated  to  the  State  of  Ohio.  He 
died.in  Norwalk,  Ohio,  March  30,  1844. 


Sullivan,  George. — He  was  born  in 
Durham,  New  Hampshire,  in  1772 ;  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  University  in  1790,  and 
commenced  in  early  life  the  practice  of 
law  in  Exeter,  which  he  continued  for 
more  than  forty  years,  and  acquired  a 
high  reputation.  He  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  the  General  Court  in  1805  and  1813 ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress  in  1811  and 
1812 ;  and  a  member  of  the  State  Senate 
in  1814  and  1815.  He  was  twenty-one 
years  Attorney-General  of  the  State, 
which  office  he  resigned  in  183G.  He  died 
at  Exeter,  June  14,  1838,  highly  esteemed 
for  his  talents  and  public  usefulness. 

Sullivan,  James.  —  Born  in  Ber 
wick,  Massachusetts  (now  Maine),  April 
22,  1744;  was  educated  by  his  father;  he 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession;  settled  at 
Bedford,  and  was  King's  Attorney  for  the 
County  of  York.  He  took  an  active  part 
on  the  side  of  his  country  during  the  Rev 
olution.  In  1775  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Provincial  Congress,  and  in  177G  was  ap 
pointed  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court;  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1782;  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council, 
and  Judge  of  Probate.  In  1790  was  ap 
pointed  Attorney-General,  which  office  he 
retained  till  1807,  when  he  was  elected 
Governor  of  the  State.  He  was  the 
author  of  a  "  History  of  Maine ;  "  a  "  Dis 
sertation  on  Banks,  and  on  the  Suability 
of  States;"  "History  of  Land  Titles  in 
Massachusetts;"  a  "Dissertation  on  the 
Constitutional  Liberty  of  the  Press ;  "  and 
a  "  History  of  the  Penobscot  Indians." 
Died  December  10,  1808.  Had  the  title 
of  LL.D. 

Sullivan,  John. — Born  in  Massa 
chusetts,  February  17,  1740;  and  died  ia 
New  Hampshire,  January  23,  1795.  He 
settled,  as  a  lawyer,  in  that  State;  at 
tained  the  rank  of  Major-General  in  the 
Revolutionary  army ;  was  captured  at  the 
battle  of  Long  Island,  and  commanded  a 
division  at  Trenton,  Brandyvvine,  and 
Germantown,  and  also  an  expedition 
against  the  Indians.  He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  New  Hampshire,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  in  1774  and  1775,  and  again  in 
1780  and  1781 ;  three  years  President  of 
New  Hampshire ;  and  in  1789  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Judge  of  the  District  Court, 
which  office  he  "held  until  his  death. 

Summers,  George  W.  —  He  was 
born  in  Fairfax  County,  Virginia,  near 
Alexandria,  but  has  lived  from  infancy  in 
Kanawha  County,  in  the  western  part  of 
the  State.  He  was  educated  for  the  legal 
profession,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1827. 
In  1830  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Delegates,  and  continued  to 
represent  Kanawha  County  in  the  Legis 
lature  for  several  years.  He  was  elected 
to  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the 
spring  of  1841,  and  re-elected  in  1843, 


BIOGEAPIIICAL    EECOEDS. 


371 


serving  throughout  the  Twenty-seventh 
and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses.  In  1850  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Con 
vention  which  framed  the  present  Con 
stitution  of  Virginia.  In  1851  he  was 
unanimously  nominated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  Governor  at  the  Hrst  elec 
tion  of  the  Governor  by  the  people,  that 
officer  having  been  previously  chosen  by 
the  Legislature,  but  was  defeated.  In 
May,  1852,  he  was  elected  Judge  of  the 
Eighteenth  Judicial  Circuit  in  Virginia, 
and,  having  served  in  that  capacity  for  six 
years,  lie  resigned  his  office  July  1,  1858, 
there  being  two  years  of  the  term  for 
which  he  had  been  elected  unexpired. 
He  has  of  late  devoted  himself  to  agri 
culture  and  the  practice  of  law,  and  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  "Peace  Congress  "  of  1861. 

Sumner,  Charles. — Was  born  in 
Boston,  Massachusetts,  January  6,  1811 ; 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1830; 
spent  the  three  following  years  at  the 
Cambridge  Law  School ;  had  the  editorial 
charge  for  three  years  of  the  "  American 
Jurist;  "  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834, 
and  settled  in  Boston ;  was  subsequently 
the  Reporter  of  the  United  States  Circuit 
Court,  and  published  three  volumes,  which 
now  bear  his  name ;  was  for  three  winters 
a  teacher  at  the  Cambridge  Law  School; 
soon  afterwards  edited  "Dunlap's  Trea 
tise  on  Admiralty  Practice ;  "  and  about 
this  time  declined  a  Professorship  ten 
dered  to  him  by  his  Alma  Mater.  In  1837 
he  visited  Europe,  was  received  with 
marked  attention  in  England,  and  re 
mained  abroad  until  1840.  During  the 
years  1844-'46  he  produced  an  edition  of 
"  Vesey's  Reports,"  in  twenty  volumes; 
from  that  time  onward  he  frequently  ap 
peared  in  public  as  a  speaker  on  vari 
ous  philanthropic  and  literary  subjects, 
and  two  volumes  of  his  orations  were 
published  in  1850.  In  1851  he  was  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  Massachu 
setts  ;  in  1856,  for  words  uttered  in  debate 
on  the  subject  of  Slavery,  he  was  as 
saulted  at  his  desk  in  the  Senate  Cham 
ber,  by  Preston  S.  Brooks,  a  Represent 
ative  from  South  Carolina,  from  the  effects 
of  which  his  health  suffered,  and  he  again 
visited  Europe,  having  been,  just  before 
his  departure,  re-elected  for  a  second 
term  to  the  Senate.  In  1853  he  published 
a  work  on  "  White  Slavery  in  the  Barbary 
States,"  and  in  1856  a  volume  of  "  Speech 
es  and  Addresses."  In  1863  he  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  third  term, 
ending  in  1869,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Foreign  Relations,  and 
on  several  other  important  committees; 
and  was  also  a  member  of  the  National 
Committee  appointed  to  accompany  the 
remains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  186G. 

Sumter,  TJiomas.—A  distinguished 


soldier  of  the  American  Revolution ;  was 
a  citizen  of  South  Carolina:  and  was 
promoted  by  Governor  Rutledge,  in  1780, 
from  the  office  of  Colonel  to  that  of 
Brigadier-General.  For  his  services  he 
received  the  thanks  of  Congress,  and  the 
applause  of  his  country.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Car 
olina,  from  1789  to  1793,  and  was  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 
Government  on  the  Potomac;  and  in  1801 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
serving  until  1809,  when  he  was  appointed 
Minister  to  Brazil.  He  died  suddenly, 
June  1,  1832,  aged  ninety-seven. 

Sumter,  Thomas  D.  —  Born  in 
Pennsylvania;  and  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina, 
from  1840  to  1843. 

Sutherland,  Joel  B.—  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Phila 
delphia  County,  Pennsylvania,  from  1827 
to  1837,  and  was  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Commerce  during  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress.  Died  in  Philadelphia, 
November  15,  1861. 

Sutherland,  Josiah. — He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
from  that  State. 

Swan,  John. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1787  to  1788. 

Swan,  Samuel. — Born  in  Somerset 
County,  New  Jersejs  in  1771 ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1821  to  1831 ;  and  died  at  Brunswick, 
New  Jersey,  August  24,  1844. 

SwanwicJc,  Jo7in.—He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1795  to  1798.  having  resigned 
before  the  expiration  of  his  second  term. 

Swart,  Peter. — He  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  Senate,  from  Schoharie 
County,  from  1817  to  1820;  and  had  been 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1807  to  1809. 

Swearlngen,    Henry.  —  Born    in 

Pennsylvania;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

Swearlngen,  Thomas  I7".— He  was 
born  in  Jefferson  County,  Virginia;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1819  to  1822,  when 
he  died  in  Virginia. 

Sweat,  Lorenzo  D.  M.— Born  in 
Parsonsville,  York  County,  Maine,  May  26, 
1818;  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College  in 
1837,  and  at  the  Harvard  Law  School  in 


372 


BIOGEAPHICAL    BECOKDS. 


1840 ;  during  the  next  two  years  he  prac 
tised  law  in  New  Orleans ;  in  1856  and 
I860  he  was  a  City  Solicitor  in  Portland ; 
in  1SG2  a  member  of  the  State  Senate ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Maine, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Phila 
delphia  "  National  Union  Convention"  of 
186G. 

Sweeny,  George.— Born  in  Pennsyl 
vania;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1839  to  1843. 

Sweetser,  Charles.  —  Born  in  Ver 
mont;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1849  to  1853. 

Siuift,  Benjamin.—  He  was  born  in 
Amcnia,  New  York,  April  5,  1781;  he"  re 
ceived  an  academic  education ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  at  Ben- 
niagton  in  180G ;  he  was  settled  for  a  time 
in  Manchester,  and  subsequently  in  St. 
Albans,  where  he  rose  to  eminence  in  his 
profession.  In  1813  and  1814,  1825  and 
182G,  he  was  a  Representative  to  the  Gen 
eral  Assembly ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Vermont,  from  1827  to 
1831.  He  received  the  degree  of  A.M. 
from  Middlebury  College  in  1820,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  Coporation  of  that  insti 
tution  from  1830  to  1839.  In  1833  he  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States 
for  six  years,  after  which  he  retired  to 
private  life.  While  in  apparent  good 
health  he  died  suddenly,  in  an  open  Held 
on  his  farm,  November  11,  1847. 

Swift,  Zephaniah.—Ile  was  born  in 
Wareham,  Massachusetts,  in  1759 ;  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1778,  and  estab 
lished  himself  as  a  lawyer  at  Windhaui, 
Connecticut,  where  his  superior  talents 
giined  him  a  lucrative  practice  in  his  pro 
fession.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1793  to 
1797 ;  and  in  1800  was  Secretary  to  Ells 
worth,  Davie,  and  Murray,  in  their  mis 
sion  to  France.  Soon  after  his  return  he 
was  placed  on  the  bench  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  the  State,  where  he  continued 
eighteen  years,  during  the  last  five  of 
which  he  was  Chief  Justice.  He  was 
afterwards  a  member  of  the  State  Legis 
lature,  and  was  one  of  the  Committee  to 
revise  the  Statute  Laws  of  the  State.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Hartford  Con 
vention."  He  published  several  works; 
among  them  was  a  "  Digest  of  the  Laws 
of  Connecticut,  on  the  model  of  Black- 
stone."  He  died  at  Warren,  Ohio,  Sep 
tember  27,  1823. 

Swoope,  Jacob.—  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1809  to  1811. 

Swoope,  Samuel  F. — He  was  born 


in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857. 

Si/7ces,  George. — He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847". 

SyJces,  James.— He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  Delaware,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1777  to  1778. 

Si/mmes,  John  C.—  He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  Jersey,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  in  1785  and  178G. 

Tdber,  Stephen.— lie  was  born  in 
Dover,  Duchess  County,  New  York  (his 
father,  Thomas  Taber,  having  also  served 
in  Congress) ;  received  a  good  academical 
education;  in  1839  he  settled  in  Queen's 
County,  on  Long  Island,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  pursuit  "of  farming ;  in  I860  and 
18G1  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  and  in  18G4  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Public  Lands.  Re-elected  to  the  For- 
lieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Public  Expenditures. 

Taber,  Thomas. —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  May  19,  1785;  was  devoted  to 
agricultural  pursuits;  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Legislature  in  1826 ;  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1827  to  1829;  and  died  March  21, 
18G2. 

Taffe,  John. — Born  in  Indianapolis, 
Indiana,  January  30,  1827;  received  a 
classical  education,  and  adopted  t'ie  pro 
fession  of  law;  after  a  brief  residence  in 
Illinois,  he  removed  to  Nebraska  Terri 
tory,  in  1856;  was  elected  to  the  Territo 
rial  Legislature  in  1858  and  1859,  in  1860 
he  was  elected  to  the  Council,  aud  in  the 
winter  of  1861  was  made  President  of  that 
body ;  in  1862  he  raised  a  regiment  of  Cav 
alry  for  service  against  the  Indians,  and 
was  made  a  Major,  in  which  capacity  he 
fought  at  the  battle  of  White  Stone  Hills 
in  1863 ;  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  from  the  new  State  of  Ne 
braska  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Territories,  and 
Indian  Affairs. 

Taggart,  Samuel. — Born  in  Lon 
donderry,  Massachusetts,  and  graduated 
at  Dartmouth  in  1774;  he  studied  for  the 
ministry,  and  settled  in  Coleraine  in  1777. 
He  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  serving  from 
1803  to  1817 ;  and  died  in  1825,  aged  seven- 
tjr-one  years. 

Tait,  Charles.— lie  was  born  in  Lou 
isa  County,  Virginia,  but  removed  at  an 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOBDS. 


373 


early  age  to  Georgia.  He  was  for  several 
years  a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
Georgia;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1809  to  1819.  He  distin 
guished  himself  as  a  supporter  of  the  ad 
ministration  of  Madison  and  Monroe.  In 

1819  lie  removed  to  Alabama,  and  was  ap 
pointed  a  Judge  of  the  District  Court, 
when  lirst  established  in  that  State,  which 
office  lie  resigned  in   1826.    He  died  in 
Wilcox  County,  Alabama,  October  7,  1835, 
in  the  sixty-eighth  year  of  his  age. 

Talbot,  Isham. —  He  was  born  in 
Bedford  County,  Virginia,  in  1773;  re 
ceived  a  good  education;  studied  law,  and 
practised  with  success ;  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Kentucky  Senate  from  1812  to  1815 ; 
from  1815  to  1819  a  member  of  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  for  a  second  term,  from 

1820  to   1825.    He  died  near  Frankfort, 
September  27,  1837. 

Talbot,  Silas.— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1793  to  1794,  when  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Washington,  Captain  in  the 
navy,  having  previously  served  a  number 
of  years  in  the  State  Assembly  from  Mont 
gomery  County. 

Talbott,  Albert  G.—  He  was  born  in 
Kentucky  ;  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  in  the  War  Department,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  that  on  Roads  and  Canals. 

Taliaferro,  Benjamin.— He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1799  to  1802.  Died  September  3, 
1821. 

Taliaferro,  John.— He  was  boxn  in 
Spottsylvania  County,  Virginia,  in  1768; 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1801  to  1803,  from  1811 
to  1813,  from  1824  to  1831,  and  from  1835 
to  1843.  In  1805  and  1821  he  was  also  a 
Presidential  Elector.  For  three  years  be 
fore  iiis  death  he  was  Librarian  of  the 
Treasury  Department  in  Washington. 
He  died  at  his  residence  in  Virginia,  Au 
gust  18,  1853. 

Tallmadge,  Benjamin*— He  was 

born  in  Suffolk  County,  New  York,  Feb 
ruary  25,  1754.  His  military  services  were 
very" valuable;  he  acted  a  prominent  part 
in  the  capture  of  Andre ;  planned  and  con 
ducted  the  expedition  in  1780  which  re 
sulted  in  the  capture  of  Fort  George  and 
the  destruction  of  the  British  stores  on 
Long  Island ;  and  was  a  member  of  Wash 
ington's  military  family.  After  the  war, 
having  attained  the  rank  of  General,  he 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  and  ac 
quired  a  large  property.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecti 


cut,  from  1801  to  1817.  He  was  respected 
for  his  public  services  and  private  char 
acter,  and  died  inLitchfleld,  Connecticut, 
March  6,  1835. 

Tallmadge,   FredericJc  A.  —  He 

was  born  in  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  Au 
gust  29,  1792;  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1811;  and,  having  studied  law,  settled 
in  practice  in  New  York  in  1814.  In  183G 
he  was  elected  an  Alderman  of  the  city, 
and  also  a  State  Senator;  was,  subse 
quently,  five  years  Recorder  of  the  city; 
a  Representative  from  New  York,  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress ;  was  again  Recorder 
for  three  years";  and  in  1857  "was  appointed 
General  Superintendent  of  the  Metropoli 
tan  Police,  and  was  subsequently  appoint 
ed  Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Appeals. 

Tallmadge,  Jr.,  James.— He  was 
born  in  Stanford,  Duchess  County,  New 
York,  January  28,  1788;  graduated  at 
Brown  University  in  1798;  and  was  by 
profession  a  lawyer.  He  was  early  in  life 
Private  Secretary  to  Governor  Clinton, 
and  during  the  war  of  1812  commanded  a 
portion  of  the  force  detailed  for  the  de 
fence  of  New  York  City.  From  1817  to 
1819  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  New  York,  and  declined  a  re-elec 
tion  ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the 
State ;  and  in  1823  was  elected  to  the  As 
sembly  from  Duchess  County.  From 
1825  to  1828  he  was  Lieutenant-Governor, 
under  Clinton,  and  in  1846  a  member  of 
the  "Constitutional  Convention"  of  New 
York.  For  the  last  twenty  years  of  his 
life  he  was  President  of  the  American  In 
stitute  in  New  York.  He  visited  Europe, 
and  benefited  the  United  States  by  his  in 
troduction  of  a  knowledge  of  American 
machinery  into  Russia,  and  induced  that 
government  to  adopt  it  in  their  manufac 
ture  of  cotton  goods.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  University  of  New  York, 
and  was  President  of  the  Council.  He 
was  honored  with  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
from  that  institution.  He  died  suddenly 
in  New  York  City,  September  29,  1853. 

Tallmadge,    Nathaniel  JP.  —  He 

was  born  in  Chatham,  Columbia  County, 
New  York,  February  8,  1795 ;  graduated  at 
Union  College ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1818 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Assembly  of  New  York  in  1828 ; 
of  the  State  Senate  from  1830  to  183:> ;  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1833  to  1844;  and  was  subsequently 
appointed,  by  President  Tyler,  Territorial 
Governor  of  Wisconsin,  where  he  resided, 
devoted  to  his  profession.  Died  at  Battle 
Creek,  Michigan,  November  2,  1864. 

Tollman,  Peleg.—He  was  born  at 
Tiverton,  Rhode  Island,  in  1764;  in  1778, 
at  the  age  of  fourteen,  he  entered  into  the 
privateering  service  for  employment;  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


1780  he  had  his  left  arm  shot  off ;  and  in 

1781  he  was  taken  prisoner,  and  was  con 
fined  in  Ireland  and  England  until  the 
peace  in  1783.     He  soon  afterwards  be 
came  commander  of  a  merchant  vessel, 
and,  after  following  a,  seafaring  life  for 
many  years,  he  devoted  himself  to  the 
business  of  a  merchant,  and  acquired  a 
large  fortune.    He  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1811  to  1813,  aud  died  at  Bath,  Maiue, 
March  8,  1841. 

TanneJiill,  Adainson.—He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1813  to  1815.  Died  De 
cember  23,  1820. 

Tappan,    Benjamin.  —  Born    at 

Northampton,  Massachusetts,  May  25, 
1773;  was  taught  the  business  of  copper 
plate  engraving  and  printing;  devoted 
some  attention  to  portrait-painting;  and 
subsequently  studied  and  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law.  In  1799  he  emigrated  to 
Ohio,  and  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers 
there ;  in  1803  was  elected  to  the  Legis 
lature  of  the  New  State;  he  served  in  the 
•war  of  1812  as  Aide-de-camp  to  General 
Waclsworth ;  was  for  seven  years  Presi 
dent  Judge  of  the  Fifth  Ohio  Circuit;  in 
3833  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Jack 
son,  United  States  Judge  for  the  District 
of  Ohio ;  and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1839  to  1845,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the 
Library.  He  was  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1833.  He  died  at  Steubenville, 
Ohio,  April  12,  1857. 

Tappan,  Mason  W.—  Born  in  New 
port,  Sullivan  County,  New  Hampshire ; 
fitted  for  college,  and  studied  law  as  a 
profession ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature  in  1853,  1854,  and  1855 ;  antl 
a  Representative,  from  New  Hampshire, 
in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
the  Judiciary,  and  in  the  last  Congress  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Claims,  and 
as  a  member  of  the  Special  Committee  of 
Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious  States.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

Tarr,  Christian.—  He  was  born  in 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1817  to  1819,  and  again  from  1820, 
to  1821. 

Tate,  Magnus.— Be  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1815  to  1817. 

Tatnall,  Edward  F.—  He  was  born 
in  Savannah,  Georgia,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from 
1821  to  1827. 


Tatnall,  JTosiah.—tt.e  was  born  at 
Boqaventure,  near  Savannah,  and  died  in 
the  West  Indies  in  1804.  His  boyhood 
was  full  of  adventure,  and  at  the  age  of 
eighteen  he  joined  the  army  of  General 
Wayne,  at  Ebenezer.  la  1793  he  was  ap 
pointed  Colonel  of  a  Georgia  Regiment, 
and  in  1800  a  Brigadier-General,  partici 
pating  extensively  in  the  military  affairs 
of  the  State,  and  serving  occasionally  in 
the  Legislature.  He  also  served,  in  1796, 
at  Louisville,  in  the  General  Assembly 
that  rescinded  the  Yazoo  Act  of  1795,  and 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1796  to  1799. 

Tatum,  Absalom.— A  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  North  Carolina, 
during  the  years  1795  and  1796. 

Taul,  Rficah. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1815  to  1817. 

Taylor,  Asher. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress. 

Taylor,  Caleb  JV. — He  was  born  in 
Sunbury,  Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1819;  from  early  boyhood  he  became  en 
gaged  in  agricultural  pursuits,  to  which 
he  has  ever  since  been  devoted,  and  in 
which  he  has  been  eminently  successful. 
Though  never  taking  an  active  part  in 
politics,  he  has  served  on  many  occasions 
as  a  Presidential  Elector ;  been  a  Delegate 
to  various  local  Conventions ;  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  "Chicago  Convention"  of 
1860;  and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Territories,  and  Expenses  in 
the  Treasury  Department. 

Taylor,  George. — Born  in  Ireland  in 
1716 ;  left  his  father's  house  clandestinely 
and  came  to  Philadelphia,  where,  as  a  day 
laborer,  he  obtained  the  money  to  pay  his 
passage  across  the  Atlantic ;  soon  became 
a  clerk  with  the  man  who  had  advanced 
him  money ;  and  in  after  years  married  the 
widow  of  his  benefactor.  In  1704  he  was 
elected  to  the  Provincial  Assembly  at  Phil 
adelphia,  serving  six  years ;  he  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Assembly  in  1775 ;  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1776  and  1777,  and  was  a  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence ;  and  spent 
the  remainder  of  his  life  in  retirement. 
He  died  at  Easton,  Pennsylvania,  Februa 
ry  23,  1781. 

Taylor,  George.— He  was  born  in 
Wheeling,  Virginia,  October  19, 1820,  and, 
after  receiving  a  liberal  education,  turned 
his  attention  to  the  study  of  medicine,  but 
subsequently  adopted  the  profession  of 
law;  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810, 
and  removed  to  Indiana,  where  he  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


375 


successful  as  a  special  pleader.  In  1844 
he  removed  to  Alabama,  and  there  prac 
tised  liis  profession  for  four  years,  after 
which  he  removed  to  New  York.  In  185G 
lie  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committees  on  Revolutionary 
Claims  and  on  the  cost  of  Public  Build 
ings.  As  an  author,  writing  upon  topics 
connected  with  the  natural  sciences,  he 
has  been  successful.  A  work  published 
in  1851,  and  entitled  "Indications  of  the 
Creator,"  has  passed  through  four  edi 
tions,  and  been  highly  applauded  by  the 
critics  of  England  and  France.  He  has 
also  written  much  in  behalf  of  popular 
education,  and  his  collected  addresses 
and  lectures  make  quite  a  large  and  inter 
esting  volume. 

Taylor,  John, — He  was  born  in  Or 
ange  County,  Virginia;  was  distinguished 
for  his  attention  to  agriculture,  and  pub 
lished  a  work  entitled  "  Constructor  Con 
strued:  an  Inquiry  into  the  Principles  and 
Policy  of  the  Government  of  the  United 
States ;  "  and  was  a  Senator  of  the  United 
States,  from  Virginia,  from  1792  to  1794, 
but  was  superseded  by  A.  13.  Venable ; 
also  in  1803,  and  from  1822  to  1824.  He 
died  in  Caroline  Comity,  Virginia,  August 
20,  1824,  at  an  advanced  age. 

Taylor,  John.  —Born  in  South  Car 
olina  in  1770;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1790;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1793,  but  turned 
his  attention  chiefly  to  planting;  served 
in  the  State  Legislature  a  number  of  years ; 
was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1797 ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1807  to  1809,  and  also  from 
1817  to  1821 ;  was  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  1810  to  1816;  was  a  Trustee  of  the 
South  Carolina  College  in  1806 ;  a  State 
Senator  in  1810  and  1822;  Governor  of 
the  State  from  1826  to  1828 ;  and  died  in 
1832.  He  was  also  at  one  time  Receiver 
of  Public  Moneys  in  Mississippi  Terri 
tory. 

Taylor,  John  J.  —  He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and,  having  settled  in  New 
York,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from,  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Taylor,  John  £.— Born  in  Stafford 
County,  Virginia,  March  7,  1805;  was 
educated  in  the  common  schools  and  sem 
inaries  of  the  neighborhood ;  studied  law 
in  Washington  City,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1828;  settled  in  Chillicothe, 
Ohio,  in  1829 ;  he  was  for  six  years  Major- 
Geueral  of  the  Ohio  Militia ;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1847  to  1855,  serving  from  time  to 
time  on  important  committees. 

Taylor,  John  W.— Born  iu Saratoga 


County,  New  York,  in  1784,  and  graduated 
at  Union  College  in  1803.  lie  studied 
law  in  Albany ;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  iu  1811,  and  while  in  that 
body  was  elected  to  Congress,  where  he 
served  from  1813  to  1833.  He  was  Speak 
er  of  the  House  for  the  second  session 
of  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  during  the 
passage  of  the  Missouri  Compromise,,  and 
was  also  Speaker  of  the  Nineteenth  Con 
gress.  He  was  a  State  Senator  in  1841  and 

1842,  and  removed  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in 

1843,  where  he  died  in  September,  1854.  He 
was  for  many  years  a  leading  and  promi 
nent  statesman  of  New  York,  and  was 
esteemed  for  his  personal  virtues  and  lib 
eral  hospitality. 

Taylor,  Jonathan* — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Connecticut,  and,  having  removed 
to  Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839  to 
1841. 

Taylor,  Miles.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Louisiana,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses,  and  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Claims,  and  on  the  Judi 
ciary,  and  a  member  of  the  Special  Com 
mittee  of  Thirty- three  on  the  Rebellious 
States;  withdrew  in  February,  1861. 

Taylor,  Nathaniel  G.  —  Born  in 
Carter  County,  Tennessee,  December  29, 
1819;  studied  at  Washington  College  in 
that  State,  but  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1840;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1843 ;  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1854  to  1855,  as  the  successor  of 
Brookins  Campbell.  He  was  also  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1853  and  1860,  and  was 
for  several  years  a  minister  in  the  Metho 
dist  Episcopal  Church  South.  In  1865  he 
was  re-elected  a  Representative,  from 
Tennessee,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  congress, 
but  was  not  admitted  to  his  seat  until  near 
the  end  of  the  first  session  of  that  Con 
gress,  serving  on  two  or  three  Commit 
tees.  In  March,  1867,  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Johnson,  Commissioner  of 
Indian  Affairs. 

Taylor,  Nelson.  —  Born  iu  South 
Norwalk,  Connecticut,  June  8,  1821 ;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  as  Captain 
in  the  First  Regiment  New  York  Volun 
teers,  he  fought  through  the  Mexican  war ; 
was  elected  in  1849  to  the  State  Senate  of 
California;  was  President  of  the  Board 
of  Trustees  of  the  California  Hospital 
(which  subsequently  became  the  State 
Insane  Asylum),  from  1850  to  1856;  was 
Sheriff  of  San  Joaquin  County,  California, 
in  1853;  in  1861  he  was  mustered  into 
military  service  as  Colonel  of  the  Seventy- 


376 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


second  Regiment  of  New  York  Volun 
teers;  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier- 
General  in  1862,  and  in  1864  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Select  Committee  on  Frcedmen,  and  that 
on  Invalid  Pensions. 

Taylor,  Hobert.—lle  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  his 
native  State,  from  1825  to  1827. 

Taylor,  Waller. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from  1816  to 
1825,  and  died  in  Lunenburg  County,  Vir 
ginia,  August  20,  182G.  He  held  offices 
of  trust  in  the  Territory  of  Indiana,  served 
as  Aide-de-camp  to  General  Harrison  at 
the  battle  of  Tippecanoe,  and  was  a  man 
of  high  literary  attainments. 

Taj/lor,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Connecticut  in  1703;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  Onondaga  County,  New  York, 
when  quite  young;  received  a  common- 
school  education;  was  a  member  in  1812 
of  a  Medical  Society,  and  at  one  time 
President  of  the  New  York  Medical  Soci 
ety,  and  was  a  practising  physician  for 
lifty  years.  He  was  for  many  years  Presi 
dent  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  for  the 
State ;  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature 
in  1841  and  1842,  in  1852  and  1853,  in  the 
two  latter  years  representing  New  York 
City;  and  he  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1833  to 
1839.  Died  at  Manlius,  Onondago  County, 
September  6,  1865. 

Taylor,  William.— Re  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1835. 

Taylor,  William. — Born  in  Alexan 
dria,  District  of  Columbia;  adopted  the 
profession  of  law,  which  he  practiced  in 
Rockingham  County;  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1843  to:  1846,  having  died  before  the 
expiration  of  his  second  term,  in  Wash 
ington  City,  January  17,  1846. 

Tazewell,  Henry. — He  was  a  Sena 
tor  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1794 
to  1799,  and  President  pro  tern,  of  the  Sen 
ate  during  a  part  of  the  Third  Congress. 
He  died  January  24,  1799,  in  Washington. 

Tazeivell,  Littleton  W. — Born  in 

Williamsburg,  Virginia,  in  1774;  educated 
at  William  and  Mary  College ;  studied 
law,  and  attained  great  success  in  his  pro 
fession  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
Legislature  in  1798 ;  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Virginia,  from  1799  to 
1801 ;  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1824  to 
1832;  and  Governor  of  Virginia,  from 
1834  to  1836.  In  the  Senate  he  was  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Rela 


tions,  and  President  pro  tern,  of  that  body 
during  a  part  of  the  Twenty-second  Con 
gress.  In  1820  lie  was  one  of  the  Com 
missioners  under  the  Florida  Treaty,  and 
his  last  great  effort  as  a  lawyer  was  made 
in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States,  in  what  was  known  as  the  "  Cochi 
neal  Case."  He  died  at  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
May  6,  1860. 

Telfair,  Edward.— lie  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1777  to  1779,  and  again 
from  1780  to  1783,  and  he  was  also  one  of 
the  signers  of  the  Articles  of  Confedera 
tion. 

Telfair,  TJtomas.  —  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia, 
from  1813  to  1817.  Died  at  Savannah, 
Georgia,  in  April,  1818;  was  a  graduate 
of  Princeton  College  in  1805. 

Teller,  Isaac.— He  was  born  in  New 
York,  in  1798;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  that  State  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  for  the  unexpiredterm  of 
Gilbert  Dean,  resigned.  Died  at  Mattea- 
wan,  New  York,  April  30,  1868.  He  was 
riding  in  a  wagon  at  the  time,  and  died 
while  holding  the  reins.  He  retained  his 
sitting  posture,  and  the  horse  that  he  was 
driving  continued  quietly  on  his  way  for 
over  an  hour,  as  it  was  supposed,  after 
death  had  ensued,  when  his  condition  was 
observed,  and  the  horse  was  stopped. 

Temple,  William.  —  Born  in  Queen 
Anne  County,  Maryland,  February  28, 
1815 ;  received  a  good  academic  education, 
and  adopted  the  occupation  of  a  merchant 
in  Smyrna,  Delaware.  In  1844  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
Speaker  of  the  House;  and,  the  Governor 
of  the  State  and  President  of  the  Senate 
having  died,  he  became  acting  Governor 
for  the  balance  of  the  term.  During  the 
next  ten  years  he  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate,  and  declined  a  re-election  in 
1854;  and  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Delaware,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  but  died,  before  taking  his  seat, 
at  Smyrna,  Delaware,  in  the  summer  of 
1863. 

Ten  Ej/ck,  Egbert.  —  He  was  born 
in  Rensselaer  County,  New  York,  April 
18,  1779;  graduated  at  Williams  College; 
studied  law  in  Albany ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Assembly  in  1812  and  1813,  and  Speak 
er;  member  also  of  the  "Constitutional 
Convention"  of  1822 ;  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1823 
to  1825.  He  also  held  the  offices  of  Judge 
of  the  Jefferson  County  Court,  and  Presi 
dent  of  a  County  Agricultural  Society. 
He  died  at  Watertown,  New  York,  April 
11,  1844. 

TenEycJc,  John  C.—  Born  in  Free- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


377 


hold,  New  Jersey,  March  12,  1814;  ob 
tained  a  classical  education  under  private 
tutors ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1835.  In  1839  he  was  appointed 
Prosecutor  of  the  Pleas  for  Burlington 
County,  holding  the  position  for  tea  years ; 
he  was  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  "  Con 
stitutional  Convention"  of  1844;  and  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  for  the  term 
commencing  in  1859,  and  ending  in  18G5, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Commerce, 
and  the  Judiciary.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists  Con 
vention"  of  1866. 

Tenney,  Samuel.— Was  bora  in  By- 
field  Parish,  Nevvbury,  Massachusetts; 
and,  having  received  a  collegiate  educa 
tion  at  Harvard  University,  graduating  in 
1772,  commenced  the  study  of  medicine. 
When  the  Revolutionary  war  began,  he 
was  found  among  the  asserters  of  his 
country's  rights,  and  was  present  at  the 
battle  of  Bunker's  Hill,  where  he  was  em 
ployed  in  attending  upon  the  wounded. 
He  served  during  the  whole  Avar,  and  was 
attached  to  the  Rhode  Island  line  of  the 
Provincial  army.  At  the  close  of  the  war 
he  retired  from  his  profession,  and  settled 
at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire.  For  many 
years  he  was  Judge  of  Probate ;  and  in 
1800  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
that  State  in  the  Congress  of  the  United 
States,  in  the  place  of  W.  Gordon,  re 
signed,  serving  until  1807.  His  death, 
which  occurred  in  1816,  was  universally 
regretted.  An  ardent  lover  of  his  coun 
try,  a  faithful  expounder  of  her  laws  and 
institutions,  and  an  elegant  scholar,  his 
memory  is  still  fondly  cherished  by  many 
who  knew  him. 

Terr  ill,  William.  — He  was  fre 
quently  a  member  of  the  Georgia  Legisla 
ture,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1817  to  1821. 
Becoming  tired  of  politics,  he  took  great 
interest  in  the  promotion  of  agricultural 
science,  and  in  1853  he  made  a  donation 
of  twenty  thousand  dollars  for  the  estab 
lishment  of  an  agricultural  professorship  in 
the  University  of  Georgia,  which  professor 
ship  bears  his  name.  He  was  one  of  the 
most  accomplished  and  useful  citizens  of 
his  State,  and  died  at  Sparta,  Georgia, 
July  4,  1855. 

Terri/,  Nathaniel. — Born  in  Enfield, 
Connecticut,  in  17G8,  and  graduated  at 
Yale  College  in  1786.  He  resided  in  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut,  and  held  various  offices 
in  his  native  State;  from  1817  to  1819  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  and  died  in 
New  Haven,  June  14,  1844. 

Test,  John.  —  He  was  a  native  of 
Salem,  New  Jersey,  and  emigrated  to 
Indiana;  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1823  to  1827, 
and  from  1829  to  1831.  He  was  presiding 


judge  of  one  of  the  Circuit  Courts  of  In 
diana;  and  afterwards  removed  to  Mobile, 
Alabama,  where  he  gained  a  high  reputa 
tion  for  his  learning  and  tafents  as  a 
lawyer.  He  died  near  Cambridge  City, 
Indiana,  October  9,  1849. 

Thacher,  George.—  Born  in  Yar 
mouth,  Massachusetts,  April  12,  1754; 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1776; 
studied  law,  and  established  himself  in 
practice  in  Biddeford,  Maine ;  he  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  old  Congress,  and,  on  the 
adoption  of  the  Constitution,  served  as  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1789  to  1801 ;  in  1792  he 
was  elected  a  District  Judge  in  Maine, 
serving  until  1800,  when  he  was  chosen  a 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  in  Massa 
chusetts  ;  and  he  held  the  latter  office 
until  January,  1824,  when  he  resigned, 
and  died  on  the  6th  of  April  following. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  formed  the  Constitution  of  Maine, 
in  1819.  He  was  a  man  of  superior  abili 
ties,  and  performed  all  his  duties  to  the 
entire  satisfaction  of  the  public.  He  was 
famous  for  his  wit,  and  when  a  bill  was 
reported  in  Congress  respecting  the  use 
of  the  eagle  on  American  coin,  he  play 
fully  recommended  a  goose ;  for  which  he 
was  challenged  by  the  reporter  of  the  bill, 
and  the  challenge  he  ridiculed. 

Thacher,  Samuel. — He  was  born  in 
Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  July  1,  1776; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1793; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1802  to  1805.  He  also 
served  eleven  years  in  the  Massachusetts 
Legislature,  and  was  Sheriff  of  Lincoln 
County  from  1814  to  1821.  In  1866  he 
was  a  resident  of  Baugor,  Maine. 

Thayer,  Eli. — Born  in  Mendon,  Wor 
cester  County,  Massachusetts,  June  11, 
181.9;  graduated  at  Brown  University  in 
1845 ;  was  a  teacher  in  the  Worcester 
Academy  for  three  years ;  was  a  farmer 
by  occupation;  served  as  Alderman  of  the 
City  of  Worcester  in  1853;  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  the  Massachusetts  Legisla 
ture  during  the  years  1853  and  1854; 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  from  that  State,  seining 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Militia; 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Public  Lands.  He  was  the 
founder  of  the  New  England  Emigrant 
Aid  Society;  and  has  been  identified  with 
other  societies  of  a  benevolent  character. 

Thayer,  John  M.— He  was  born  in 
Belliug'ham,  Norfolk  County,  Massachu 
setts,  January  24,  1820;  graduated  at 
Brown  University ;  studied  law,  and  prac 
tised  the  profession ;  removed  to  the 
Territory  of  Nebraska  in  1854,  where  he 


378 


BIOGRAPHICAL    HECOED8. 


soon  became  Brigadier-General  of  Militia ; 
was  a  member  of  the  "  Territorial  Consti 
tutional  Convention;"  was  subsequently 
elected  to  the  Territorial  Legislature; 
commanded  a  regiment  of  Infantry  during 
the  Rebellion,  and,  for  meritorious  services 
at  Fort  Donelson  and  Sliiloh,  he  was  pro 
moted  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-General  of 
Volunteers.  He  also  served  with  dis 
tinction  at  Vicksburg  and  Chickasaw 
Bayou,  and  for  these  additional  services 
he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major- 
General  of  Volunteers ;  and,  on  the  ad 
mission  of  Nebraska  into  the  Union,  as  a 
State,  he  took  his  seat  in  Congress,  as  a 
Senator,  for  the  term  ending  in  1871, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Military 
Affairs,  Indian  Affairs,  and  Patents. 

Thayer,  M.  Russell.— He  was  born 
in  Petersburg,  Virginia,  January  27, 1819  ; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl 
vania  in  1840;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1842 ;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Private 
Laud  Claims.  He  received  from  his  Alma 
Mater  the  two  degrees  of  Bachelor  and 
Master  of  Arts.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  the  Bankrupt  Law,  and  as  Chairman  of 
that  on  Private  Land  Claims. 

Thealcer,  Thomas  C.  —  Born  in 
York  County,  Pennsylvania,  February  1, 
1812 ;  received  a  good  English  education ; 
removed  to  Ohio  in  1830;  "has  devoted  the 
most  of  his  life  to  the  occupation  of  a 
millwright  and  machinist;  and  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Militia,  and  Enrolled  Bills. 
He  was  subsequently  appointed  one  of  a 
Board  of  Commissioners  to  examine  into 
the  affairs  of  the  Patent  Office ;  and  in 
1865  was  appointed  by  President  Johnson 
Commissioner  of  Patents. 

Thibodeaux,  B.  Cr.— Born  in  Lou 
isiana,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1845  to  1847, 
and  for  a  second  term  ending  in  1849. 
Died  in  the  Parish  of  Terrebonne,  Louisi 
ana,  in  March,  1866. 

Thomas,  Benjamin  F.—  Was  born 
in  Boston,  February  12,  1813;  removed  to 
"Worcester  in  1819;  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1830 ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  1833 ;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature  in 
1842;  was  appointed  Judge  of  Probate 
for  the  County  of  Worcester  in  1844,  re 
signing  the  office  in  1848;  was  a  Presiden 
tial  Elector  on  the  Taylor  ticket  in  that 
year ;  and  in  1833  he  was  appointed  to  the 
bench  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Massa 
chusetts,  holding  the  office  six  years, 
When  he  resigned.  He  subsequently  re 


turned  to  Boston  to  practise  his  profes 
sion,  residing  in  West  Roxbury,  and  in 
1861  he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Massachusetts,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  tha 
Committee  on  the  Judiciary,  and  the 
Special  Committee  on  the  Bankrupt  La\v. 

Thomas,  David. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1801  to  1808;  served  four  years  in 
the  Assembly  of  that  State ;  and  also  held 
the  position  of  State  Treasurer. 

Thomas,  D.  B. —  After  the  close  of 
the  Rebellion,  in  1865,  he  was  elected  a 
Eepresentative,  from  Tennessee,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  was  not  de 
clared  entitled  to  his  seat  until  near  the  end 
of  the  first  session  of  that  Congress.  [A 
proper  notice  of  him  is  necessarily  post 
poned  until  the  next  edition  of  this 
work.] 

Thomas,  Francis. — He  was  born 
in  Frederick  County,  Maryland,  February 
3,  1799;  was  educated  at  St.  John's  Col 
lege,  in  that  State ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820;  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  House  of  Delegates  iu  1822, 
1827,  and  1829,  when  he  was  chosen 
Speaker;  and  was  a  Representative  iu  Con 
gress,  from  Maryland,  from  1831  to  1841. 
In  1839  he  was  President  of  tha  Chesa 
peake  and  OhioCanal ;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Maryland  "  Constitutional  Convention" 
in  1850.  He  was  also  the  author  of  the 
measure  which  resulted  in  the  transfer  of 
political  power  from  the  slave-holding 
counties  in  Maryland  to  those  portions 
where  the  white  population  was  gener 
ally  located.  During  one  term  in  Con 
gress  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Judiciary 
Committee,  and  a  report  made  by  him  led 
to  the  settlement  of  the  boundary  difficul 
ties -between  Ohio  and  Michigan.  From 
1841  to  1844  he  was  Governor  of  Mary 
land;  was  elected,  for  the  sixth  time,  a 
Representative  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Judiciary  Com 
mittee.  Also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  servingon  the  Committees 
on  the  Death  of  President  Lincoln,  the 
Judiciary,  the  Bankrupt  Law,  and  the 
Postal  Railroad  to  New  York.-  He  was 
one  of  the  first  men  in  Maryland  to  warn 
the  people  of  the  approaching  Rebellion; 
and,  after  hostilities  had  commenced, 
raised  a  brigade  of  three  thousand  Volun 
teers,  but  declined  all  appointments  con 
nected  with  the  organization.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists'  Convention"  of  1866;  and  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Thomas,  Isaac.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1815  to  1817. 


BIOGEAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


379 


Thomas,  James  Houston.— 

born  in  Iredell  County,  North  Carolina, 
September  22,  1808;  received  the  decree 
of  A.B.  from  Columbia  College,  Tennes 
see,  in  1830;  studied  and  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law ;  in  1836  was  elected 
Attorney-General  for  the  State,  holding 
the  office  six  years ;  was  for  many  years 
the  law  partner  of  James  K.  Polk ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Tennes 
see,  from  1847  to  1851 ;  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1846 ;  and  in  1859  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Tennessee,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Revolutionary  Pensions. 

TJiomas,  Jesse  B. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory  of 
Indiana,  from  1808  to  1809,  and  was  then 
appointed  United  States  Judge  of  Illinois 
Territory.  He  was  also  one  of  the  first 
Senators  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  hav 
ing  held  the  position  from  1818  to  1829, 
serving  on  important  committees.  He 
died  in  February,  1850. 

TJiomas,  John  C.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maryland, 
from  1793  to  1801. 

Thomas,  Jr.,  John  L.— Born  in 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  May  20,  1835;  re 
ceived  his  education  at  the  Alleghany 
County  Academy ;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1856;  in  1861  he  was  ap 
pointed  Solicitor  of  the  City  of  Baltimore, 
holding  the  office  two  years ;  in  1863  he 
was  elected  State  Attorney  for  Maryland; 
in  1864  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention,"  and  in  1865  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Mary- 
land,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
E.  H.  Webster,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Commerce,  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Retrenchment.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866. 

Thomas,  Philemon. — A  native  of 
North  Carolina,  where,  during  the  Revolu 
tionary  war,  he  was  engaged  in  many 
skirmishes  with  the  British.  He  resided 
some  years  in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  of  that  State ;  he 
afterwards  removed  'to  Louisiana,  and,  in 
1810  and  1811,  headed  the  insurrection 
of  Baton  Rouge,  which  threw  off  the 
yoke  of  Spain  from  West  Florida.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Louisiana,  from  1831  to  1835,  and  died  at 
Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  November  18, 
1847,  aged  eighty-three  years. 

Thomas,  Philip  Francis.— Tie  was 

born  in  Talbot  County,  Maryland,  Septem 
ber  12,  1810;  was  educated  at  Dickinson 
College ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1831 ;  in  1836  was  a  member  of 
the  "  State  Constitutional  Convention ; "  in 


1838  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ; 
was  a  Representative  in   Congress,  from 

1839  to  1841 ;  was  subsequently  Judge  of 
the  Land  Office  Court  of  the  Eastern  Shore 
of  Maryland;  in  1843  and  1845  was  elected 
to  the  House  of  Delegates ;   and  in  1847 
was  elected  Governor  of  Maryland.    In 
the  early  part  of  1860  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Buchanan,  Commissioner  of 
the  Patent  Office,  and  on  the  resignation 
of  Howcll  Cobb  as  Secretary  of  the  Treas 
ury,  in  December,  1860,  he  was  appointed 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in  Mr.  Buchan 
an's  cabinet.      In  March,   1867,  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  for   the 
term  ending  in  1873,  but  was  rejected. 

Thomas,  Richard.— Re  was  a  sol 
dier  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1795  to  1801.  Died  in  Phil 
adelphia,  in  1832,  aged  eighty-seven 
years. 

Thomasson,  William  P.— Born  in 
Henry  County,  Kentucky ;  commenced  the 
study  of  law  at  an  early  age ;  aad  when 
eighteen  was  licensed  to  practise  at  Cory- 
don,  Indiana,  from  which  place  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature.  He  removed 
to  Louisville  about  the  year  1841,  and  was 
chosen  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Kentucky,  from  1843  to  1847.  He  after 
wards  went  to  Chicago,  where  he  was  en 
gaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  until 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion,  when  he 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  Colonel  of 
Volunteers. 

Thompson,  Benjamin.— Born  in 
Massachusetts,  in  1798.  He  held  many 
responsible  offices  in  the  town  of  Charles- 
town,  and  was  several  times  a  Represent 
ative  in  the  State  Legislature.  He  was 
twice  elected  to  Congress  as  a  member 
from  the  Fourth  District  of  Massachu 
setts,  serving  from  1845  to  1847;  and 
again  from  March,  1851,  till  his  death. 
He  united  mental  cultivation  and  sound 
judgment  with  great  business  talent. 
His  services  upon  the  Committee  on  Mili 
tary  Affairs  during  the  Mexican  war  were 
especially  valuable.  He  died  in  Charles- 
town,  September  24,  1852. 

Thompson,   George   W.— He  was 

born  in  Ohio;  and,  removing  to  Virginia, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1852. 

Thompson,  Hedge.— Be  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
during  the  years  1827  and  1828.  Died  ai 
Salem,  July  20,  1828. 

Thompson,  Jacob.— He  was  born  in 
Caswell  County,  North  Carolina,  May  15, 
1810,  and  received  his  education  at  the 
University  of  Chapel  Hill.  He  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834, 


380 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


and  during  the  following  year  removed  to 
the  State  of  Mississippi.  Elected  to  Con 
gress  as  a  Representative,  from  Missis 
sippi,  in  1839,  he  continued  to  serve  in 
that  capacity  until  1851.  On  first  taking 
his  seat  in  Congress  he  Avas  placed  on  the 
Committee  on  Public  Lands,  and  was  for 
some  years  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Indian  Affairs.  He  was  a  defender  of 
Mississippi,  and  of  the  Democratic  party, 
at  the  time  when  the  cry  of  repudiation 
was  ringing  throughout  the  land ;  and  as 
he  had,  in  1845,  declined  going  into  the 
United  States  Senate  by  appointment  of 
the  Governor  of  Mississippi,  so  did  he,  in 
1851,  decline  a  re-election  to  the  House  of 
Representatives.  He  was  appointed  by 
President  Buchanan,  in  1857,  Secretary 
of  the  Interior  Department.  That  po 
sition  he  resigned  in  January,  1861,  and 
joining  the  Rebellion,  served  as  Govern 
or  of  Mississippi,  and  in  the  Insurgent 
army. 

Thompson,  John  B.—. Jle  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State;,  from  1840  to 
1843,  and  again  from  1847  to  1851 ;  and  in 
1853  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress 
for  the  long  term.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims, 
and  of  that  on  Pensions. 

Thompson,  James.— Born  in  Mid 
dlesex,  Butler  County,  Pennsylvania,  Oc 
tober  1,  1806.  He  received  a  good  educa 
tion,  and  commenced  life  as  a  printer;  he 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1828 ;  he  was  elected  to  the  Assembly 
of  his  native  State  in  1832.  1833,  and  1834, 
presiding,  during  the  last  session,  as 
Speaker;  in  1836  he  was  a  Presidential 
Elector;  he  was  Presiding  Judge  of  the 
District  Court  for  six  years,  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1845  to  1851. 
Of  late  years  he  has  been  chiefly  devoted 
to  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and 
in  1847  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Pennsylvania,  for  fifteen 
years. 

Thompson,  Joel. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1813  to  1815,  having  previously 
served  one  year  in  the  State  Assembly, 
from  Albany,  and  two  years  from  Che- 
nango  County. 

TJiompson,  John. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Assembly,  from 
Albany,  in  1788  and  1789,  in  1827  from 
Delaware  County,  in  1802  and  1841  from 
Duchess  County;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York  from 
1799  to  1801,  and  again  from  1807  to 
1811. 

Thompson,  John. — He  was  born  in 
Rhiuebeck,  Duchess  County,  New  York, 
July  4,  1809.  He  was  educated  at  Yale 


and  Union  Colleges ;  lived  on  a  farm  until 
sixteen  years  of  age,  since  which  time  he 
has  devoted  himself  to  the  law;  and 
against  his  own  wishes  and  consent  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Roads 
and  Canals. 

Thompson,  Mark.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jer 
sey,  from  1795  to  1799. 

Thompson,  P7iilip.—lle  was  a  na 
tive  of  Kentucky,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1823  to 
1825. 

Thompson,  PJulip  H.  —  Born  in 
1706,  and  died  in  Kanawlia  County,  Vir 
ginia,  July  22, 1837.  He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1801  to  1807. 

Thompson,  Richard  7F.— He  was 
born  in  Culpepper  County,  Virginia,  June 
9,  1809;  received  a  good  English  and 
classical  education;  and  his  love  of  ad 
venture  led  him  into  the  wilds  of  Ken 
tucky  before  he  became  of  age.  In  1831 
he  settled  in  Louisville,  and  became  a 
clerk  in  an  extensive  mercantile  house; 
tiring  of  this,  he  removed  to  Lawrence 
Countj',  Indiana,  taught  school  for  a  few 
months,  but  again  turned  his  attention  to 
merchandising,  selling  goods,  and  studying 
law  at  the  same  time.  He  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1834,  and  was  almost  imme 
diately  elected  to  the  Indiana  Legislature ; 
was  re-elected  in  1835 ;  in  1836  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate,  served  two 
years,  and  was  for  a  time  President  pro 
tern,  of  the  Senate,  and  Acting  Lieutenant- 
Governor;  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1840,  and  voted  for  General  Harrison, 
whose  election  he  zealously  advocated  with 
his  pen  and  on  the  stump;  and  in  1841  he 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
for  the  term  ending  in  1843.  In  1844  he 
was  again  chosen  a  Presidential  Elector ; 
was  again  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Indiana,  from  1847  to  1849,  when  he 
declined  a  re-election.  Since  that  time 
he  has  held  no  public  office,  but  has  been 
devoted  to  the  practice  of  his  profession 
at  Terre  Haute.  President  Taylor  offered 
him  the  appointment  of  Charge  d' Affaires 
to  Austria,  and  President  Fillmore  the 
office  of  Recorder  of  the  General  Land 
Office,  both  of  which  he  declined.  In 
1864  he  was  elected  a  Presidential 
Elector. 

Thompson,  Robert  A.  —  He   was 

born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1847  to  1849.  Now  Land  Commissioner 
in  California. 

Thompson,  Thomas  W.—  He  grad- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


381 


uated  at  Harvard  University,  in  1786;  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1805  to  1807;  State 
Treasurer  in  1809;  and  a  United  States 
Senator  from  18H  to  1817.  He  was  a 
neighbor  and  one  of  the  earliest  friends  of 
Daniel  Webster.  Died  at  Concord,  in 
October,  1820,  aged  fifty-five  years. 

Thompson,  Waddy.—lle  was  born 
at  Pickensville,  South  Carolina,  Septem 
ber  8,  1798 ;  graduated  at  the  South  Caro 
lina  College  in  1814,  and,  having  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819.  He 
has  served  in  the  Legislature  of  his  native 
State ;  was  at  one  time  Solicitor  for  the 
Western  Circuit  of  South  Carolina ;  was 
chosen  a  Presidential  Elector;  attained 
the  military  title  of  Brigadier-General; 
and  was  appointed,  in  1842,  Minister  Plen 
ipotentiary  to  Mexico,  about  which  he 
published  an  interesting  work.  He  was  a 
Representative  iu  Congress,  from  1835  to 
1841,  serving,  in  1840,  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 

Thompson,  Wiley.— lie  was  a  na 
tive  of  Amelia  County,  Virginia,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Geor 
gia,  from  1821  to  1833. 

Thompson,  William.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and,  having  settled  in 
Iowa,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1851.  He  served  during  the  Rebellion  up 
wards  of  four  years  as  Captain,  Major, 
Colonel,  in  the  First  Iowa  Cavalry,  and  as 
Brevet  Brigadier-General  had  command 
of  a  brigade ;  and  was  subsequently  ap 
pointed  a  Captain  of  Cavalry  in  the  regu 
lar  army. 

Thomson,    Alexander.— He    was 

born  in  Franklin  County,  Pennsylvania; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1824  to  1826; 
died  at  his  residence  in  Chambersburg, 
Pennsylvania,  August  2,  1848,  aged  sixty- 
three  years. 

Thomson,  JoTm.— He  was  born  in 
Franklin  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1777; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  from  1825  to  1827,  and  again 
from  1829  to  1837.  He  died  at  New  Lis 
bon,  Ohio,  December  2,  1852. 

Thomson,  John  R.—  Born  in  Phila 
delphia,  September  5,  1800;  entered 
Princeton  College,  but  left  in  the  junior 
year,  and  devoted  himself  to  mercantile 
pursuits,  making  a  voyage  to  China  in 
1817,  and  in  1820  established  himself  as  a 
merchant  in  Canton ;  was  appointed  Con 
sul  of  the  United  States  at  that  port  in 
1823,  and  remained  there  until  1825. 
Since  the  year  1830  he  has  been  engaged 
in  the  management  of  several  railways, 
and  of  the  New  Jersey  Canal.  In  1814  he 


was  a  member  of  the  "  Constitutional 
Convention "  of  New  Jersey,  and  was 
United  States  Senator,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1853  to  1857,  and  was  re-elected  for 
the  term  ending  in  1863.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committees  on  Naval  Affairs, 
and  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads. 
He  was  offered  a  seat  in  the  cabinet  by 
President  Buchanan,  which  he  declined. 
Died  at  Trenton,  September  13,  1862. 

Thorington,  James. — He  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  and,  removing  to  Iowa, 
was  elected  a  Representative,  "from  that 
State,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Thornton,  Anthony. — He  was  bora 
in  Bourbon  County,  Kentucky,  November 
9,  1814;  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Miami,  in  Ohio,  and  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law.  In  1847  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Convention  which  framed  the  Consti 
tution  of  Illinois  ;  in  1850  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of"  the  State  Legislature ;  in  18G2  a 
Delegate  to  the  Convention  to  revise  the 
State  Constitution,  and  in  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Illinois  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  of  Claims  and  the  Select  Com 
mittee  on  the  Bankrupt  Law.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Na 
tional  Union  Convention  "  of  1866. 

Thornton,  Matthew.— Horn  in  Ire 
land  in  1714,  but  came  to  this  country 
with  his  father  in  1717 ;  studied  medicine 
in  Massachusetts,  but  settled  to  practise 
in  New  Hampshire;  was  appointed  a  Sur 
geon  in  the  army;  commanded  a  regiment 
of  Militia  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  was 
President  of  the  "  Provincial  Convention" 
of  New  Hampshire ;  was,  for  six  years, 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  New 
Hampshire,  and  Chief  Justice  of  the  Com 
mon  Pleas ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1776  to  1778:  and 
was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence.  He  also  served  for 
several  years  in  the  General  Court  and  in 
the  State  Senate ;  was  appointed  Justice 
of  the  Peace  and  Quorum  throughout  the 
State,  and  died  at  Newburyport,  Massa 
chusetts,  June  24,  1803. 

Throop,Enos  T. — He  was  born  in 
Johnstown,  Montgomery  County,  New 
York,  August  21,  1784;  while  performing 
the  duties  of  an  attorney's  clerk,  he  ac 
quired  a  classical  education ;  studied  law, 
and  settled  in  Auburn ;  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress  during  the  years  1815  and 
1816 ;  in  1823  was  elected  Circuit  Judge ; 
in  1829,  Lieutenant-Governor  of  New 
York;  and  in  1831  was  Governor  of  that 
State.  In  1838  he  was  appointed  Charge 
d' Affaires  to  the  Two  Sicilies. 

Thruston,  BucJzncr.—Eorn  in  Vir 
ginia,  about  the  year  1763.  He  emigrated 
in  early  life  to  Kentucky,  and,  being  pos- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


sessed  of  superior  talents,  he  was  soon 
called  into  the  public  service.  He  was 
appointed  Federal  Judge  in  the  Territory 
of  Orleans  in  1805,  and  was  the  same  year 
elected  a  member  of  the  United  States 
Senate,  from  Kentucky,  for  six  years ;  but 
he  resigned  in  1809,  on  being  appointed, 
by  President  Madison,  Judge  of  the  United 
Stato-s  Circuit  Court  of  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  which  office  he  held  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  at  Washington, 
August  30,  1845. 

Thurman,  Allen  G.— He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  iu  Ohio,  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1845  to  1847. 

TJiurman,    John  JJ. — He   was   a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1849  to  1851,  and  died  in  New 
York,  July  25,  1854. 

Thurston,  Benjamin  B.  —He  was 

born  in  Hopkiaton,  Rhode  Island,  June 
29,  1804;  he  received  a  common-school 
education;  was  bred  a  merchant;  was 
elected  fourteen  years  in  succession  to 
the  Assembly  of  his  native  State;  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1837;  and  in  1838 
was  Lieutenant-Governor;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Rhode 
Island,  from  1847  to  1849,  and  again  from 
1851  to  1857.  He  was  subsequently  elect 
ed  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  Rhode 
Island. 

Thurston,  J~ohn  B. — He  was  born 
in  Virginia,  in  1757;  studied  law,  and 
emigrated  to  Kentucky,  whence  he  was 
sent  to  the  United  States  Senate,  in  1805, 
for  a  long  term.  He  was  subsequently 
elected  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of 
Kentucky,  in  which  position  he  continued 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Wash 
ington,  August  30,  1845. 

Thurston,  Samuel  JR.— He  was 
born  in  Maine ;  graduated  at  Bowdoin 
College  in  1843,  and  was  a  Delegate  in 
Congress,  from  the  Territory  of  Oregon, 
from  1849  to  1851.  He  died  on  board  the 
steamer  California,  on  her  passage  from 
Panama  to  San  Francisco,  April  9,  1851. 

Tibltatts,  John  W. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847 ;  also  served  as  a  Colonel  in  the  Mex 
ican  war.  Died  in  Newton,  Kentucky, 
July  12,  1852,  aged  fifty  years. 

T'ibltetts,  George. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1803  to  1805,  and  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly,  from  Rensselaer  County, 
in  1802  and  1820,  and  of  the  State  Senate, 
from  1815  to  1818. 


Tichenor,  Isaac.— -He  was  born  in 
1754;  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in 
1775;  and  died  at  Bennington,  Vermont, 
in  December,  1838.  He  was  an  officer  of 
the  Revolution;  a  Judge  of  the  Supremo 
Court  of  Vermont ;  a  Representative  in 
the  State  Legislature ;  and  a  Senator  in 
Congress  during  the  sessions  of  1790  and 
1797,  when  he  resigned ;  Governor  of  Ver 
mont  from  1797  to  1808 ;  and  again  in  the 
United  States  Senate,  from  1815  to  1821. 

Tiffin,  Edward.— lie  was  born  in 
England,  in  17G5;  was  Governor  of  Ohio, 
from  1803  to  1807;  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1807  to  1809, 
and  Surveyor-General  of  North-western 
Ohio,  in  1816,  as  well  as  for  some  years 
afterwards.  He  died  July  9,  1829. 

Tilden,  Daniel  It. — He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and,  having  settled  in  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1843  to  18  i7. 

Tllghman,    Matthew. — He  was  a 

Delegate,    from  Maryland,    to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1774  to  1777. 

T'Minghast,  Joseph  L.—  Born  in 
Tauuton,  Massachusetts,  in  1791,  and  re 
moved  to  Rhode  Island  in  his  boyhood. 
He  graduated  at  Brown  University  in  1819, 
and  received  the  degree  of  M. A. ;  in  1833 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees  of  that  institution.  He  studied 
law,  and  devoted  himself  to  its  practice 
in  Providence,  with  marked  success,  for 
thirty  years,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  from  1837 
to  1843.  He  was  also  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
elected  Speaker  on  several  occasions ;  and 
to  him  was  awarded  the  authorship  of  the 
free  schools  and  improved  judiciary  sys 
tems  of  his  native  State.  Died  December 
30,  1844,  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island. 

Tillinghast,  Thomas.  —  Born  in 
Rhode  Island,  and  was  for  many  years  a 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Rhode  Island,  from  1797  to  1799,  and 
again  from  1891  to  1803. 

Tilton,  James. — Was  born  in  Dela 
ware,  June  1,  1751 ;  was  a  physician  by 
profession,  and  became  distinguished  as 
a  Surgeon  during  the  Revolutionary  war. 
From  1777  to  the  close  of  the  war  he  acted 
as  Hospital  Surgeon,  and  introduced  the 
use  of  hospital  huts.  After  the  war  he 
resided  for  a  few  years  on  a  farm  in  his 
native  State.  Was  a  Delegate  in  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  from  1783  to  1785.  In 
1785  he  was  appointed  Commissioner  of 
Loans.  In  1812  he  was  appointed  Sur 
geon-General  of  the  United  States  army. 
He  published  "  Observations  on  Military 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


383 


Hospitals,"  and  some  papers  on  agricul 
ture.    He  died  May  14,  1822. 

Tipton,  John. — He  was  born  in  Ten 
nessee  in  1785;  removed  to  Indiana  in 
1806;  and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Indiana,  from  1831  to  1839;  and  died 
at  Logansport,  of  apoplexy,  in  1839. 

Tipton,  Thomas  W.— He  was  born 
in  Harrison  County,  Ohio,  in  1817 ;  spent 
his  early  life  on  a  farm;  graduated  at 
Madison  College,  Pennsylvania,  in  1840; 
studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1844 ; 
in  1845  he  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  Legis 
lature  ;  was  for  three  years  at  the  head  of 
a  Division  of  the  General  Land  Office  in 
Washington ;  removed  to  Nebraska  Terri 
tory  and  was  chosen  a  Delegate  to  the 
"Constitutional  Convention ;"  in  1860  was  a 
Councilman  in  the  Territorial  Legislature ; 
having  studied  theology,  he  served  during 
the  Rebellion  as  Chaplain  of  the  First 
Regiment  of  Nebraska  Infantry;  and  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress  from  the 
new  State,  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1867  and  ending  in  1869,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Agriculture,  Pensions,  and 
Public  Lands. 

Titus,  Obadiah. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1837  to  1839. 

Todd,  John. — He  was  born  in  Hart 
ford,  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1821  to  1824.  Died  March  28,  1830. 

Todd,  John  B.  $.— He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and,  having  settled  in  Dakota, 
was  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-sev 
enth  Congress.  During  the  first  session 
of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  he  contest 
ed  the  seat,  as  Delegate, "which  had  been 
assigned  to  William  Jayne,  and  was  ad 
mitted  as  the  duly  elected  Delegate  from 
Dakota.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Nation 
al  Committee  to  accompany  the  remains 
of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois. 

Todd,  Lemuel. — Born  in  Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania,  July  29,  1817 ;  educated  at 
Dickinson  College;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  practised 
in  his  native  town.  In  1854  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  to  the  Thirty- fourth  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania. 

r 

Toland,  George  W.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1843.  Graduated  at  Princeton  College  in 
1816. 

Tomlinson,  Gideon. — He  was  born 
at  Stratford,  Connecticut,  December  31, 
1780,  and  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1802.  He  studied  law  and  practised  the 
profession  in  Fairfleld.  He  was  then  called 


to  public  life,  and  in  1818  was  chosen  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  in  which  office 
he  was  continued  till  1827.  In  that  year 
he  was  chosen  Governor  of  Connecticut, 
and  remained  in  that  station  until  March, 
1831,  when,  on  being  appointed  a  Senator 
of  the  United  States,  he  resigned  his  office 
as  Governor.  After  six  years'  service  he 
returned  to  private  life.  Died  October  8, 
1854,  at  Fairfield,  Connecticut. 

Tomlinson,  Thomas  A.—K.Q  was 
born  in  New  York;  served  in  the  State 
Assembly,  from  Essex  County,  in  1835  and 
1836,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1841  to  1843. 

TomJcins,  Caleb.— He  was  born  in 
Westchester  County,  New  York,  and  was 
a  member  of  the  New  York  Assembly, 
from  that  County,  from  1804  to  1806 ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1817  to  1821. 

TomJcins,  Christopher.— lie  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1831  to  1835 ;  and  died  at  Glas 
gow,  Kentucky,  in  1845. 

TomJcins,  Cj/dnorB.—~Bornm  Bel- 
mont  County,  Ohio,  November  8,  1810, 
and  was  educated  at  the  Ohio  University, 
at  Athens ;  was  bred  a  farmer,  and  after 
wards  studied  law,  having  practised  for 
twenty-two  years ;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-flfth 
Congress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  the  Militia.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Military  Affairs. 

TomJcins,  Daniel  D.  —He  was  born 
in  Westchester  County,  New  York,  June 
21,  1774.  His  father  was  a  farmer,  and  he 
was  his  seventh  son.  He  graduated  at 
Columbia  College  hi  1795,  then  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the 
City  of  New  York  in  1797.  In  1821  he 
was  a  member  of  the  "  Constitutional  Con 
vention"  of  the  State,  and  also  served  in 
the  State  Legislature.  He  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1805  to 
1807,  but  resigned  to  "accept  an  appoint 
ment  as  Associate  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  State.  In  1807  he  was  elected 
Governor  of  the  State,  and  held  that  office 
ten  years.  His  aid  in  support  of  the  Na 
tional  Government,  during  the  war  of  1812, 
gave  him  prominence  as  a  statesman.  He 
prorogued  the  State  Legislature  in  1812  for 
the  space  of  ten  mouths,  to  prevent  the 
establishment  of  the  Bank  of  America  in 
the  City  of  New  York ;  his  opposition  post 
poned,  but  did  not  defeat  the  measure,  and 
a  charter  was  granted  in  1813.  In  1817 
he  resigned  the  office  of  Governor,  and 
was  elected  Vice-President  of  the  United 
States,  and  served  two  years ;  by  virtue 
of  which  office  he  was  also  President  of 


384 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


the  Senate.  He  died  in  New  York,  June 
11,  1825. 

TompMns,  PatricJc  W.  —  He  was 

born  in  Kentucky,  and,  settling  in  Missis 
sippi,  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1849. 

Toombs,  Robert. — He  was  born  in 
Wilkes  County,  Georgia,  July  2,  1810. 
The  first  three  years  of  his  collegiate  life 
were  spent  at  the  University  of  Georgia, 
but  he  left  it  during  the  senior  year,  and 
went  to  Schenectady,  New  York,  and 
graduated  at  Union  College.  He  read  law 
at  the  University  of  Virginia,  under  Judge 
Lomas ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Georgia 
in  1829,  and  practised  regularly  until  his 
election  to  Congress  in  1845.  His  first 
public  service  was  as  Captain  of  Volun 
teers  in  the  Creek  war,  in  1836,  under 
General  Winfield  Scott.  In  1837  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  from  his  native 
county,  where  he  now  resides,  and,  with 
the  exception  of  1841,  continued  a  member 
of  the  lower  branch  until  his  election  to 
the  Federal  House  of  Representatives, 
where  he  served  during  the  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses.  He  entered  the  Senate  during 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  for  six  years, 
and  was  re-elected  for  a  second  term  end 
ing  March  4,  1865.  In  the  House  and 
also  in  the  Senate,  he  always  served  on 
important  committees.  He  was  expelled 
March  14,  1861,  and  became  Secretary  of 
State  in  the  Rebel  government,  and  was 
also  a  Brigadier-General  in  the  great  Re 
bellion. 

Toucey,  Isaac. — He  was  born  in 
Newtown,  Connecticut,  November  5, 1796 ; 
received  a  thorough  classical  education ; 
studied  law  and  commenced  the  practice 
at  Hartford  in  1818;  was  appointed  State's 
Attorney  in  1822  and  continued  to  hold 
that  office  until  1835 ;  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Connecticut,  from  1835 
to  1839 ;  Governor  of  the  State  from  1846 
to  1847;  was  appointed  Attorney-General 
of  the  United  States  by  President  Polk ; 
was  a  State  Senator  in  1850;  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1852  to  1857;  and  in  March 
of  the  latter  year  he  went  into  President 
Buchanan's  Cabinet  as  Secretary  of  the 
Navy,  serving  as  such  until  1861. 

Towns,  George  IF.— Born  in  Wilkes 
County,  Georgia,  May  4,  1802.  He  was 
prevented  by  ill  health  from  receiving  a 
collegiate  education,  and  commenced  life 
as  a  merchant ;  afterwards  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Alabama  in 
1824,  and  for  a  time  performed  the  duties 
of  editor  of  a  political  paper.  In  1826  he 
returned  to  Georgia,  and  settled  in  Tal- 
bot  County.  He  served  for  several  years 
in  both  branches  of  the  Legislature  of 
that  State ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1835  to  1839,  and  was  re- 


elected  in  1846;  his  last  public  position 
was  that  of  Governor  of  Georgia,  to  which 
office  he  was  elected  in  1847,  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1849.  He  died  at  Macon,  July 
15,  1854. 

Townsend,  DwlgJit. — He  was  born 
in  the  City  of  New  York,  in  1826 ;  educated 
at  the  grammar  school  of  Columbia  Col 
lege  ;  entered  mercantile  life  when  twenty- 
one  years  of  age;  retired  from  business  in 
1862;  and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Henry  G.  Stebbins, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Coinage, 
Weights,  and  Measures. 

Townsend,   George.  —He  was    a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1815  to  1819. 

Townsend,  James.— He  was  elect 
ed  a  Representative, from  New  York,  to  the 
Second  Congress,  but  died  in  May,  1791. 

Townsend,  JV.  S.— He  was  born  in 
England,  and,  having  settled  in  Ohio,  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Tracy,  Albert  H. — He  was  born  in 
Norwich,  Connecticut,  June  17,  1793;  re 
ceived  a  good  classical  education ;  studied 
medicine  with  his  father,  but  when  eigh 
teen  years  of  age  he  removed  to  New  York 
State,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1815 ;  and  he  served  three  terms 
in  Congress  as  a  Representative  from  a 
district  comprehending  almost  the  whole 
of  that  part  of  New  York  west  of  Seneca 
Lake,  from  1819  to  1825 ;  and  in  1829  he 
was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  New  York  for 
four  years,  and  was  re-elected  for  a  second 
term  of  four  years.  He  was  a  supporter 
of  Mr.  Adams  for  President,  und  declined 
a  seat  in  his  Cabinet;  he  also  declined 
a  Judgeship  tendered  by  Governor  Clinton. 
Died  at  Buffalo,  September  19,  1859. 

Tracy,  Andretv. — He  was  born  in 
Vermont ;  educated  a  lawyer ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1853  to  1855.  He  also  served 
ten  years  in  both  branches  of  the  State 
Legislature,  and  was  Speaker  from  1842 
to  1845. 

Tracy,  H.  W.—  He  was  born  in  Lu- 
zerne  County,  Pennsylvania,  September 
24,  1807 ;  was  bred  a  farmer,  and  devoted 
some  attention  to  mercantile  pursuits ;  in 
1861  aud  1862  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature ;  was  a  member  of  the  4i  Chi 
cago  Convention"  which  nominated  Mr. 
Lincoln  for  President ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  for  the  District  of  Columbia, 
and  on  Expenditures  in  »e  Navy  Depart- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


385 


meut.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Phil 
adelphia  "  National  Union  Convention"  of 
18G6. 

Tracy,  Phineas  L. — He  was  born  In 
Norwich,  Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  iu  180G ;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Genesee  County,  New 
York,  from  1827  to  1833,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Expenditures  on 
Public  Buildings. 

Tracy,  TTri.—He  was  born  in  Frank 
lin,  Connecticut,  and  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1789;  was  a^Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1805  to 
1807,  and  again  from  1809  to  1813;  and 
died  in  1813. 

Tracy,  Uriah. — Born  in  Franklin, 
Connecticut,  February  2,  1755 ;  graduated 
at  Yale  College  in  1778 ;  read  law  in  Litch- 
fleld,  and  settled  in  that  town.  He  was 
often  chosen  a  State  Representative,  and 
in  1793  was  Speaker  of  the  House.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
17D3  to  179G;  and  from  1796  to  1807  a 
Senator  of  the  United  States,  officiating 
for  a  short  time  as  President  pro  tern,  of 
the  Senate.  He  was  also  a  Major-General 
of  Militia ;  commanded  the  respect  and 
enjoyed  the  friendship  of  the  leading  men 
of  his  time;  and  died  at  Washington 
City,  July  19,  1807,  and  was  the  first  per 
son  buried  in  the  Congressional  burying- 
ground. 

Trafton,  Mar7e.—He  was  born  in 
Maine ;  and  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Massachusetts,  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Train,  Charles  B.  —  Born  in  Fra- 
mingham,  Massachusetts,  iu  1817 ;  worked 
on  a  farm  until  fifteen ;  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1837 ;  studied  law,  and  fin 
ished  his  legal  education  at  Cambridge, 
coming  to  the  bar  in  1841 ;  he  was  elected 
to  the  Massachusetts  Legislature  in  1847 ; 
from  1848  to  1851  was  District  Attorney 
for  Northern  Massachusetts;  in  1852  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Fillmore,  an 
Associate  Judge  of  the  United  States 
Court  in  Oregon,  but  declined  the  office; 
he  was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitu 
tional  Convention  "  of  1853 ;  was  a  second 
time  appointed  District  Attorney ;  in  1857 
and  1858  he  served  as  a  member  of  the 
State  Council ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Massachusetts,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings 
and  Grounds.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Public  Buildings. 
During  the  autumn  of  1862  he  served  in  the 
army  as  a  Volunteer  Aid  on  the  Staff  of 
his  friend,  General  Gordon,  and  was  pres 
ent  at  the  battle  of  Antietam.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Baltimore  Con- 
25 


vention"  of  1864;  and  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  18CG. 

Trapier,  Paul.— He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  South  Carolina,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1777  to  1778. 

Treadwell,  John.  —  Born  in  Far- 
mington,  Connecticut,  November  23, 1745 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1767,  and 
studied  law,  and  filled  the  office  of  Judge 
of  Probate,  and  of  other  courts.  From 
1785  to  178G  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress.  In  1809  he  was  elected 
Governor  of  Connecticut,  and  served  two 
years.  He  was  the  first  President  of  the 
American  Foreign  Mission  Society,  and 
was  a  general  contributor  to  that  and 
other  charitable  institutions.  He  died 
August  19,  1823. 

Tredway,  William  M.—TLe  was 
born  in  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1845  to  1847. 

Tredwell,  Thomas.— lie  was  born  in 
Smithtown,  Suffolk  County,  Long  Island, 
in  1742,  and  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1764.    He  was  a  member,  from 
Suffolk  County,  of  the  Provincial  Congress 
of  the  Colony  of  New  York  in  1775  and 
1776,  and  of  the  Convention  of  Represent 
atives  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  1776 
and  1777,  by  which  the  first  constitution 
of  the  State  of  New  York  was  adopted,  and 
was  for  many  years  the  last  surviving 
member  of  the  latter  body.    He  also  repre 
sented  his  native  county  in  the  Conven 
tion  of  1788,  to  deliberate  upon  the  adop 
tion    of  the   Federal  Constitution,   and, 
with  the  other  "anti-federalists"  of  that 
body,  voted  against  its  adoption.    From 
1777  to  1783  he  was  a  member  of  the  As 
sembly,  and  from  1786  to  1789  of  the  State 
Senate,  from  the  same  county.     He  was 
the  first  Judge    of  the  Court  of  Probate 
of  the  State,  serving  from  1778  to  1787, 
and    subsequently    Surrogate  of  Suffolk 
County  from  1787  to  1791.  He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress  from  his  native  district 
from  1791  to  1795.    He  was  one  of  the 
original  proprietors  of  Plattsburgh,  Clin 
ton  County,  New  York,  to  which  place  he 
removed  in  its  infancy,  near  the  close  of 
the  last  century.    In  1801  he  represented 
the  counties  of  Clinton  and  Essex  in  the 
State  Constitutional  Convention"  of  that 
year,  of  which  Aaron  Burr  was  President. 
He  was  again  elected  to  the  State  Senate 
and  served  from  1803  to  1807;  was  ap 
pointed    Surrogate    of   Clinton     County 
in  1807,   and  held  that  office  until  1831, 
making  an  almost  continuous  term  of  pub 
lic  service  of  fifty-six  years.    His  house 
and  farm  at  Plattsburgh  were  pillaged  by 
the  British  at  their  invasion  in  July,  1813. 
He  died  at  Plattsburgh,  January  30,  1832. 
His  grandson,  Thomas  Tredwell  Davis, 


386 


BIOGRAPHICAL    BECOEDS. 


was  a  member  of  the  Thirty-eighth  and 
Thirty-ninth  Congresses. 

Trezvant,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Sussex  County,  Virginia;  was  a  lawyer 
by  profession ;  was  Attorney  for  the  State ; 
member  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  of 
the  "  Constitutional  Convention  "  of  1830 ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1825  to  1831,  serving  during 
his  last  term  as  Chairman  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Military  Pensions.  He  died  in  1838. 

Trigg,  Abram. — He  was  a  Repre- 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1797  to  1809. 

Trigg,  John* — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  from 
1797  to  1804. 

Trimble,  Cary  A.— Born  in  Hills- 
borough,  Ohio,  September  13,  1813;  grad 
uated  at  the  Ohio  University  in  1833; 
studied  medicine,  and  received  a  medical 
diploma  from  the  Cincinnati  Medical  Col 
lege  in  1836;  in  1837  was  appointed 
Demonstrator  of  Anatomy  in  his  Alma 
Mater,  which  position  he  held  until  1841i 
when  he  settled  in  Chillicothe ;  in  1839,  on 
account  of  his  health,  he  retired  from  his 
profession,  and  devoted  himself  to  farm 
ing;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 

Trimble,  David.  —  He  was  born  in 
Frederick  County,  Virginia,  about  the 
year  1782 ;  educated  at  William  and  Mary 
College ;  studied  law,  and  when  he  came 
of  age  removed  to  Kentucky.  He  was 
engaged  in  the  war  of  1812,  serving  two 
campaigns  under  General  Harrison.  In 
1817  he  was  chosen  a  member  of  Congress 
from  Kentucky,  and  served  without  inter 
ruption  till  1827,  being  highly  esteemed 
for  the  integrity  of  his  principles  and  his 
devotion  to  his  public  duties.  After  his  re 
tirement  from  Congress,  he  became  en 
gaged  in  agriculture  and  the  iron  manu 
facture,  and  in  the  latter  interest  he  did 
much  to  develop  the  resources  of  the 
State.  He  died  at  Trimble's  Furnace, 
Kentucky,  October  26,  1842. 

Trimble,  John,.  —  He  was  born  in 
Roane  County,  Tennessee,  February  7, 
1812;  graduated  at  the  Nashville  Univer 
sity;  studied  law  and  adopted  the  pro 
fession;  from  1836  to  1841  he  was  At 
torney-General  of  the  State  for  the  Nash 
ville  District;  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Assembly  from  1843  to  1845;  of  the  State 
Senate  from  1845  to  1847 ;  and  again  from 
1859  to  1861;  in  1802  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Lincoln,  District  Attorney 
of  the  United  States  for  Middle  Tennes- 
see,which  he  resigned  in  1864 ;  was  again  in 


the  State  Senate  from  1865  to  1867  when  he 
resigned ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  from  Tennessee  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Freed- 
men's  Affairs,  and  Private  Laud  Claims. 

Trimble,  Lawrence  S.  —  He  was 
born  in  Fleming,  Kentucky,  August  26, 
1825 ;  received  a  good  English  education ; 
studied  law  and  adopted  that  profession ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  Legislature 
In  1851  and  1852;  was  Judge  of  the 
Equity  and  Criminal  Court  of  the  first  Ju 
dicial  District  of  the  State  from  1856  to 
I860;  from  1860  to  October,  1865,  was 
President  of  the  New  Orleans  and  Ohio 
Railroad  Company,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  on 
Manufactures,  and  Revenue  Frauds.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  and 
placed  on  the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions. 

Trimble,  William  A.— He  was  born 

in  1786  ;  he  served  with  credit  in  the  army 
of  the  United  States  during  the  war  oif 
1812;  occupied,  as  commander,  several 
frontier  posts ;  was  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  from  1819  to  1821,  hav 
ing  died  December  13  of  the  latter  year. 

Triplett,  Philip.— He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Kentucky,  from  1839  to  1843. 

Trippe,  Robert  P. — He  was  born  in 
Georgia,  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gresses. 

Trotter,  F.  James.—  He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi,  during 
the  year  1838. 

Troup,  George  M.  —  Born  on  the 
Tombigbee  River,  September  8,  1780; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College ;  studied 
law ;  and  in  1800  was  elected  to  the  Legis 
lature  of  Georgia,  and  re-elected  for  foar 
terms ;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Georgia,  from  1807  to  1815 ;  and  a 
Senator  from  1816  to  1818,  and  from  1829 
to  1834.  From  1823  to  1827  he  was  Gov 
ernor  of  that  State.  He  died  in  Laurens 
County,  Georgia,  May  3,  1856.  He  was 
an  advocate  of  State  rights,  and  the 
champion  of  State  sovereignty. 

Trout,  Michael  C. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855. 

Trowbridge,  Roivland  E.  —  Was 

born  in  Elmira,  New  York,  June  18,  1821; 
removed  with  his  parents  to  Michigan 
when  a  mere  child ;  graduated  at  Keuyon 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


387 


College,  Ohio,  in  1841 ;  has  been  devoted 
all  his  life  to  the  business  of  farming;  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  Michigan  in  1856 
and  1858;  and  in  I860  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Michigan,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tee  on  the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads.  He 
was  also  re-elected  to  the  Thirt3r-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Revolutionary  Claims,  and  Agriculture. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Agriculture. 

Trunibo,  Andrew,  —  A  native  of 
Kentucky;  was  born  in  Montgomery 
County,  now  Bath,  September  13,  1799 ; 
he  had  a  limited  English  education,  and  at 
the  age  of  fifteen  went  into  the  County 
Clerk's  office,  and  afterwards  became 
clerk;  studied  law,  and  commenced  prac 
tice  in  1824.  He  was  a  Representative  in 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  and  one  of 
tiie  Presidential  Electors  of  Kentucky  in 
1848. 

Trumbull,    Jonathan*  —  Born  in 

Lebanon,  Connecticut,  March  26,  1740, 
and  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1759. 
In  1775  he  was  appointed,  by  Congress, 
Paymaster  in  the  Northern  department  of 
the  army,  and  not  long  after  was  attached 
to  the  family  of  Washington  as  Secretary 
and  first  Aid,  with  whom  he  continued 
until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  for 
several  years  a  Representative  in  the  State 
Legislature  of  Connecticut,  and  Speaker  of 
the  House ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in 
1797,  1801,  and  1805;  and  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  fr6m 
1789  to  1795;  elected  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  1791,  and  con 
tinued  in  that  station  till  he  was  transfer 
red  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1795, 
where  he  served  only  one  year,  having 
been  elected  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Con 
necticut,  and  in  1798  Governor,  in  which 
position  he  remained  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  August  7,  1809. 

Trumbull,  Joseph.—  He  was  a  Del 
egate,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  in  1774  and  1775 ;  and  his 
son,  bearing  the  same  name,  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  the  Federal  Congress.  Died 
in  1778. 

Trumbull,  Joseph. — Born  in  Leb 
anon,  Connecticut,  December  7,  1783 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1801 ;  studied 
law  and  practised  with  success  in  Ohio ; 
was  President  of  the  Hartford  Bank  for 
eleven  years ;  served  in  the  General  As 
sembly  in  1832,  1848,  and  1851 ;  in  1849  he 
was  elected  Governor  of  Connecticut; 
was  President  of  a  Railroad  Company ; 
received  from  Yale  College  the  degree  of 
LL.D. ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 


gress,  from  Connecticut,  in  1834,  for  an 
unexpired  term,  and  from  1839  to  1843. 

Trumbull,  Lyman. — He  was  born 
in  Colchester,  Connecticut,  in  1813; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  removed 
to  Illinois,  and  became  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  that  State  in  1840;  was 
Secretary  of  State  in  1841  and  1842; 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Illinois 
from  1848  to  1853 ;  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  from  Illinois  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  and  was  elected  a  Senator  in 
Congress  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1855  and  ending  in  1861,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  the  Judiciary, 
and  as  a  member  of  the  Committees  on 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds,  and  Indian 
Affairs ;  and  was  re-elected  for  the  term 
ending  1867.  In  1864  he  was  appointed  a 
Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866; 
and  in  January,  1867,  he  was  re-elected  to 
the  Senate  for  the  term  ending  in  1873, 
serving  on  the  additional  Committee  on 
Pensions. 

Tuck,  Amos*— He  was  born  in  Maine ; 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1835 ; 
was  for  some  time  a  tutor  in  that  institu 
tion  ;  and,  removing  to  New  Hampshire, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1853.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  "Peace  Con 
gress  "of  1861. 

Tucker,  Ebeneser.—He  was  born 
in  Burlington,  New  Jersey,  in  1758 ;  he 
was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary  war, 
and  served  at  the  battle  of  Long  Island ; 
he  filled  many  offices  of  distinction  and 
trust,  among  them  those  of  Collector  and 
Postmaster  of  New  Jersey;  and  he  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1825  to  1829.  He  also  held  the  offices 
of  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas,  Justice 
of  the  Court  of  Quarter  Sessions,  and 
Judge  of  the  Orphans'  Court.  He  died  at 
Tuckerton,  New  Jersey,  September  5, 
1845. 

Tucker,  George. — He  was  a  native 
of  Virginia,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1819  to  1825. 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George.— Born 
in  Virginia  in  1779 ;  received  a  liberal 
education,  and  became  a  prominent  law 
yer.  He  was  at  one  time  President  of  the 
Court  of  Appeals ;  also  Professor  of  Law 
in  the  University  of  Virginia;  the  author 
of  several  valuable  works  on  law ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1815  to  1819.  He  died  at  "Win 
chester,  Virginia,  August  28,  1848. 

Tucker,  Starling. — He  was  born  in 
Halifax  County,  North  Carolina,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  tha 


388 


BIOGRAPHICAL    JtECOEDS. 


Laurens  District  of  South  Carolina,  from 
1317  to  1831.    He  died  February  4,  1834. 

TucJeer,  Thomas  T.— He  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1787  to  1788 ;  and  was  a  llepresentative 
in  Congress,  from  South  Carolina,  from 
1780  to  1793.  Died  May  2,  1828. 

Tucker,  TilgJiman  M.—lIe  was 
born  in  North  Carolina;  was  Governor  of 
Mississippi  from  1841  to  1843 ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Missis 
sippi,  from  1843  to  1845.  Died  in  Alaba 
ma,  April  31,  1859. 

Turner,  Charles.  —  Graduated  at 
Harvard  University  in  1752;  studied  for 
the  ministry,  and  settled  in  Duxbury, 
Massachusetts ;  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  Massachusetts, 
serving  from  1809  to  1813,  and  died  iu 
181G,  aged  about  sixty-six  years. 

Turner,  Daniel.—  Born  in  "Warren 
County,  North  Carolina,  September  26, 
1796.  He  commenced  his  education  at 
Wai-renton  Academy;  completed  it  at 
West  Point;  in  1814  was  appointed  Lieu 
tenant  of  Artillery ;  as  such,  served  at 
Brooklyn  Heights,  and  at  Plattsburg,  and 
resigned  in  1815;  after  leaving  the  army, 
he  spent  two  years  at  William  and  Mary 
College;  from  1819  to  1823  he  served  in 
the  Legislature  of  North  Carolina ;  and 
was  a  member  of  Congress  from  1827  to 
1829.  He  subsequently  had  charge  of  the 
Warrenton  Female  Seminary. 

Turner,  James.— Born  in  Virginia 
in  the  year  1766.  His  education  was  such 
as  could  be  afforded  by  the  common 
schools  of  the  country ;  he  served  in  the 
Revolution  as  a  private  soldier;  entered 
public  life  in  1800  as  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  North  Carolina ;  in  1802 
•was  elected  Governor  of  the  State ;  and 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  North 
Carolina,  from  1805  to  1816.  He  died  at 
Bloomsbury,  January  15,  1824,  much 
respected  for  his  talents  and  personal 
worth. 

Turner,  James.— HQ  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1837. 

Turner,  Thomas  J.—  BorninTrum- 
bull  County,  Ohio,  April  5,  1815,  where  he 
resided  until  ten  years  of  age,  receiving 
all  his  school  education  within  that  time. 
In  1825  he  removed  with  his  father's  fam 
ily  to  Butler  County,  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  worked  on  a  farm  until  fourteen  years 
old,  when  the  destitute  circumstances  of 
his  father  compelled  him  to  make  unusual 
exertions  to  assist  in  the  support  of  the 
family,  which  he  did  by  working  as  a 
laborer  on  the  Pennsylvania  Canal,  and 


contributed  his  earnings  to  his  father  un 
til  the  age  of  eighteen.  Leaving  his 
father  comfortable,  he  went  to  the  "  far 
West,"  and  spent  three  years  in  St.  Paul's 
County,  Indiana,  and  finally  settled  iu 
Freeport,  Stevenson  County,  Illinois. 
He  was  made  Justice  of  the  Peace,  which 
office  he  held  for  several  years;  in  1838 
he  studied  law  as  a  profession,  and  ob 
tained  a  lucrative  practice.  In  1842  he 
was  elected  Probate  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
and  in  1844  was  appointed  Postmaster. 
In  1845  he  was  chosen  State's  Attorney 
for  the  Sixth  Judicial  District,  and  in  1846 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  the 
Thirtieth  Congress.  In  1854  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Lower  House  of  the  Leg 
islature,  and  chosen  Speaker.  Since  that 
time  he  has  devoted  himself  to  the  prac 
tice  of  law. 

Turney,  JIopMns  L.  —  Born  in 
Smith  County, Tennessee,  Octobers,  1797. 
He  was  in  his  boyhood  bound  to  a  tailor, 
and  served  at  that  business  several  years ; 
in  1818  he  entered  upon  the  campaign 
against  the  Seminole  Indians ;  he  did  not 
learn  to  write  until  twenty-two  yeai's  of 
age,  and  yet  soon  after  studied  law,  and 
was  very  successful  at  the  bar;  he  served 
about  ten  years  in  the  Legislature,  from 
1828  to  1838 ;  and  he  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1837 
to  1843,  and  in  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States  from  1845  to  1851.  He  died  iu 
Winchester,  Tennessee,  August  1,  1857, 
leaving  behind  him  a  high  reputation  for 
his  abilities  and  virtues. 

Turpie,  D. — Was  born  in  Hamilton 
County,  Ohio,  July  8,  1829 ;  graduated  at 
Kenyon  College  in  1848  ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  at  Logansport, 
Indiana,  in  1849 ;  was  appointed,  by  Gov 
ernor  Wright,  whom  he  succeeded  in  the 
Senate,  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  in  1854,  and  was  Judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court  in  1856,  both  of  which  offices 
he  resigned ;  in  1852,  and  also  1858,  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Legislature  of  Indiana; 
and  in  1863  he  was  elected  a  Senator  iu 
Congress  for  the  unexpired  term  of  J.  D. 
Bright,  and  immediately  succeeding  J.  A. 
Wright,  who  served  by  appointment  of 
the  Governor. 

Turrell,  Joel. — He  was  born  in  Ver 
mont;  graduated  at  Middlebury  College 
in  1816;  and  was  a  llepresentative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1833  to  1837, 
having  been  a  member  of  the  State  As 
sembly,  from  Oswcgo,  County,  in  1831. 
Died  in  Oswego,  New  York,  December 
26, 1859,  aged  sixty-four  years. 

Tuthill,  Selah.—Born  in  New  York, 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
that  State,  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
but  died  in  December,  1821. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOKDS. 


389 


Tweed,  William  M.— Born  in  the 
City  of  New  York,  April  3, 1823;  received 
a  common-school  education;  is  by  occu 
pation  a  chair-manufacturer;  was  an  Al 
derman  in  New  York  City  in  1852;  a 
member  of  the  Thirty-third  Congress;  a 
member  of  the  State  Board  of  Education 
iu  1857 ;  and  a  Supervisor  of  New  York 
County  in  1858. 

Tweedy,  John  JET.— He  was  born  in 
Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale  College; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law;  removed 
to  Wisconsin  in  1837 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  first  "  Constitutional  Convention"  of 
that  Territory  in  1846 ;  and  was  elected  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  same,  in 
1847,  serving  one  session. 

Tweedy,  Samuel.— He  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1833  to 
1835*. 

Twitchell,  Ginery.—He  was  born  in 
Athol,  Worcester  County,  Massachusetts, 
August  26,  1811;  in  1830  he  commenced 
the  business  of  staging  or  carrying  the 
mail ;  was  the  first  to  establish  a  daily 
line  of  coaches  between  Boston  and  Brat- 
tleborough,  in  Vermont,  and  after  which, 
he  made  important  contracts  with  the 
government  for  carrying  the  mail ;  in  1847 
lie  became  identified  with  the  Boston  and 
Worcester  Railroad  as  a  subordinate  offi 
cer,  but  was  subsequently  appointed  Pres 
ident  of  the  same,  and  has  continued  in  it 
to  the  present  time.  In  1866  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Massachu 
setts,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Naval  Affairs,  and  Ex 
penditures  in  the  Interior  Department. 

Tyler,  John, — Born  in  Charles  City 
County,  Virginia,  in  1790.  He  commenced 
his  political  life  at  an  early  age,  having 
been  elected  to  the  Virginia  Legislature 
at  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  five 
years  later  to  Congress.  In  1826  he  was 
elevated  to  the  station  of  Governor  of  his 
native  State.  He  discharged  the  duties 
of  his  office  but  one  year  and  a  half,  when, 
in  1837,  the  Legislature  selected  him  to  fill 
a  vacancy  in  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States,  where  he  officiated  as  Presidentj>ro 
tern,  of  that  body.  He  served  in  this  ca 
pacity  until,  a  difference  of  opinion  having 
arisen  between  General  Jackson  and  him 
self,  he  resigned  his  seat  in  1836,  and  went 
into  voluntary  retirement.  Mr.  Tyler  did 
not  again  make  his  appearance  in  public 
life  until  1840,  when  he  was  selected  by 
the  Whig  party  as  their  candidate  for 
Vice-President.  He  was  elected  to  that 
office  by  a  large  majority,  and  entered 
upon  the  discharge  of  his  duties  in  March, 
1841,  when  the  death  of  the  President, 
General  Harrison,  shortly  after,  raised 
him  to  the  chief  magistracy  of  the  repub 
lic.  His  term  of  office  expired  in  1845, 


after  which  he  lived  in  retirement  in  Vir 
ginia  until  1801.  He  was  elected  in  that 
year  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  " 
held  in  Washington,  and  officiated-  as  its 
President;  and,  on  his  return  to  Virginia, 
he  became  a  member  of  the  Virginia  Con 
vention  of  1861,  and  the  Rebel  "Congress, 
and  died  in  Richmond,  January  17,  1802. 

Tyson,  Jacob. — He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  Senate,  from  Richmond 
County,  in  1828,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1823  to 
1825. 

Tyson,  Job  K.  —  lie  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  iu 
1804,  and  died  near  Philadelphia  in  1858. 
He  was  educated  a  lawyer,  frequently 
served  in  the  City  Councils  of  Philadel 
phia,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress.  He  commanded  uncom 
mon  influence  in  Congress,  and  was  a  man 
of  refined  tastes  in  literature  and  the  fine 
arts.  He  also  served  in  the  City  Councils 
of  Philadelphia ;  the  Legislature  of  Penn 
sylvania,  and  through  his  exertions  the 
archives  of  that  State  were  first  published. 
While  educating  himself,  in  early  life,  he 
taught  in  a  district  school,  and  his  pub 
lished  addresses  are  quite  numerous. 

Udree,  Daniel.  —  Born  in  Philadel 
phia;  removed  to  Berks  County,  Pennsyl 
vania,  where  he  entered  largely  into  the 
manufacture  of  iron,  and  was  a  most  suc 
cessful  business  man.  He  was  in  the 
State  Legislature  from  1799  to  1805 ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1813  to  1815,  from 
1819  to  1821,  and  from  1823  to  1825,  — on 
two  occasions  filling  the  unexpired  terms 
of  men  who  had  resigned.  Died  July  22, 
1828. 

Underhill,  Walter.  —  He  was  born 
in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1851. 

Underwood,  John  W.  If.  —  Born 
in  Elbert  County,  Georgia,  November  20, 
1816;  received  a  good  English  and  classi 
cal  education ;  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1834;  in  1843  was 
elected  Solicitor-General  for  the  Western 
Circuit,  resigning  in  1847 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  "Georgia  Constitutional  Conven 
tion"  of  1850;  declined  two  judicial  ap 
pointments  tendered  to  him  by  Presidents 
Pierce  and  Buchanan;  was  a  member  of 
the  Georgia  Legislature  in  1857,  and 
chosen  Speaker ;  and  in  1859  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Georgia,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Expenses  in  the  Navy 
Department.  Resigned  in  February, 
1861,  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebe'l- 
liou,  and  returned  to  Georgia. 


390 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


Underwood,  Joseph  It.  —  Born  in 
Goochland  County,  Virginia,  October  24, 
1791.  He  was  adopted  by  his  maternal 
uncle  in  1803,  who  resided  in  Barren 
County,  Kentucky.  He  received  his  edu 
cation  at  various  schools  in  that  State, 
and  ended  his  scholastic  course  at  the 
University  of  Lexington,  in  1811;  and 
then  read  law  with  Robert  Wickliffe.  In 
1813  he  entered  the  service  of  the  United 
States,  as  Lieutenant  of  a  Volunteer  Com 
pany,  and  was  badly  wounded  and  taken 
by  the  enemy  at  Dudley's  defeat,  com 
manding  his  company  after  the  Captain 
was  mortally  wounded.  He  was  released 
from  captivity,  and  landed  from  the  prison- 
ships  on  Lake  Erie,  near  Cleveland,  where 
he  was  lodged  in  a  hospitable  cabin  until 
sufficiently  recovered  to  return  home.  In 
the  fall  of  1813  he  located  at  Glasgow, 
Kentucky,  and  practised  law  for  ten  years, 
during  which  time  he  was  Trustee  of  the 
town,  and  County  Attorney;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  from  1816  to 
1819.  In  1823  he  removed,  with  his  family, 
to  Bowling  Green,  and  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  General  Assembly  in  1825  and 
182G.  From  1828  to  1835  he  was  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  and  resigned  on 
being  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  in  which  position  he  served  from 
1835  to  1843.  In  1846  he  was  again  elected 
to  the  Legislature  of  Kentucky,  and  was 
Speaker  of  the  House.  In  1847  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  United  States 
Senate,  for  six  years,  and  at  the  expiration 
of  the  term  returned  to  the  practice  of 
law.  In  1824  and  in  1844  he  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  Chicago  Convention  "  of  1864. 

Underwood,  Warner  L. — Born  in 
Goochland  County,  Virginia,  August  7, 
1808;  graduated  at  the  University  of  Vir 
ginia,  where  he  received  the  first  honors 
in  the  studies  of  law,  mathematics,  and 
the  modern  languages,  in  ]830.  He  re 
moved  to  Bowling  Green  County,  Ken 
tucky,  at  the  age  of  seventeen ;  a  lawyer 
by  profession,  with  an  extensive  practice. 
In  1833  he  visited  Texas,  and  spent  most 
of  the  time,  until  1840,  in  that  republic. 
He  was  appointed,  by  President  Lamar, 
Attorney-General  lor  the  Eastern  District 
of  that  republic,  but  held  the  office  only  a 
short  time,  and  also  declined  the  offer  of 
a  place  in  General  Houston's  cabinet,  be 
ing  unwilling  to  relinquish  his  citizenship 
of  the  United  States.  In  1848  he  was  a 
Representative  in  the  Kentucky  Legisla 
ture,  and  in  1849  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate ;  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gresses,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Engraving. 

Upham,  Charles  W.— Born  in  St. 
John,  New  Brunswick,  May  4,  1802.  He 
commenced  life  by  becoming  a  merchant's 
rlerk;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 


1821 ;  in  1824  he  was  settled  over  the  First 
Churchin  Salem,  Massachusetts;  and  in 
1844  he  relinquished  the  ministry  on  ac 
count  of  loss  of  voice.  He  lias  also,  at 
different  times,  edited  the  "  Christian  Re 
view"  (Unitarian):  was  Mayor  of  Salem 
in  1852 ;  in  1840,  1849,  and  1850,  was  in  the 
State  Legislature;  in  1851,  1857,  and  1858, 
President  of  the  Senate ;  and  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
serving  upon  the  Committee  on  Post  Roads 
and  the  Post  Office,  and  was  Chairman  of 
a  Special  Committee  on  the  Smith^cuian 
Institution.  As  an  author  he  has  been  in 
dustrious,  and  among  his  publications  are 
the  following:  "Letters  on  the  Logos;" 
"  Lectures  on  Witchcraft ;  "  "  Life  of  Sir 
Henry  Vane ;  "  a  school  "  Life  of  Washing 
ton  ; "  many  Orations  and  Discourses ; 
and  "Life  of  John  C.  Fremont." 

UpUmn,  George  Z?.— He  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1789;  served  a 
number  of  years  in  the  New  Hampshire 
Legislature,  having  been  Speaker  in  1809 
and  1815;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from  1801  to 
1803.  He  died  February  10,  1848,  at  Clare- 
mont,  New  Hampshire,  aged  seventy-nine 
years. 

Upham,  JTabez.  —  He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts;  graduated  at  Harvard 
University,  in  1785;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1807  to  1810,  when  he  resigned.  He  died 
in  1811. 

Upham,  NatJianiel.—Tlom  in  Deer- 
field,  Rockingham  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  June  9,  1774.  He  was  educated  at 
the  schools  of  his  native  town,  and  at 
Phillips's  Exeter  Academy.  At  an  early 
age  he  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits, 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature  of 
New  Hampshire,  and  of  the  Governoi''s 
Council,  from  1811  to  1812;  and  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1817  to  1823.  Died  in  1829. 

Upham,  William.— He  was  born  at 
Leicester,  Massachusetts,  in  1792 ;  in  1802 
removed  with  his  father  to  Vermont; 
spent  some  time  in  the  University  of  Ver 
mont;  and  was  a  lawyer  by  profession. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Vermont  Assem 
bly  in  1827,  1828,  and  1830;  and  was 
State's  Attorney,  for  Washington  County, 
in  1829.  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  1843  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  Washington  City,  January  14, 
1853. 

Upson,  Charles.—  Born  in  Southing- 
ton,  Hartford  County,  Connecticut,  March 
19,  1821 ;  received  a  good  English  educa 
tion  ;  removed  to  Michigan  in  1845 ;  stud 
ied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1847;  in 
1849  and  1850  was  County  Clerk  for  St. 
Joseph  County;  in  1853  and  1854  was 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


391 


Prosecuting  Attorney  for  the  same;  in 
1855  and  1856  held  the  office  of  State  Sen 
ator;  in  1801  and  18G2  he  was  Attorney 
General  for  Michigan,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Michigan  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Elections  and  Unfinished 
Business.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Elections,  and  Revolutionary  Pensions. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1806  ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and 
made  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Ex 
penditures  in  the  Navy  Department. 

Vail,  George. — He  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  and  was  elected  a  Representative 
in  Congress  for  the  terms  between  1853 
and  1857. 

Vail,  Henry. — He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to  1839. 
Died  June  25,  1833. 

ValJc,  William  IF.— He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and,  on  removing  to  New 
York,  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1855  to  1857. 

VallandigJiam,  Clement  L. —  He 

came  of  a  Huguenot  family,  and  was  born 
in  New  Lisbon,  Columbia  County,  Ohio,  in 
1822.  He  received  a  good  education; 
spent  one  year  in  Jefferson  College,  in 
Ohio;  spent  two  years  as  principal  of  an 
academy  at  Snow  Hill,  Maryland;  re 
turned  to  Ohio  in  1840;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1845 
and  1846 ;  was  editor  of  the  "  Dayton  Em 
pire  "from  1847  to  1849;  for  some  years 
subsequent  to  that  date  he  devoted  himself 
wholly  to  his  profession  and  politics ;  was 
a  member  of  the  "National  Democratic 
Convention"  held  at  Cincinnati  in  1856; 
ran  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  against 
L.  D.  Campbell,  whose  seat  he  successfully 
contested ;  and  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress.  At  the  com 
mencement  of  the  second  session  of  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  during  the 
Thirty-sixth,  he  was  placed  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Territories.  Re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress.  In  1863  he  was 
arrested  by  military  authority  for  ex 
pressing  his  opinions  against  the  war, 
was  banished  to  the  Southern  States,  and 
by  way  of  Bermuda  went  to  Canada. 
During  his  exile  he  was  nominated  for 
Governor  of  Ohio,  and  defeated.  He  sub 
sequently  returned,  and  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  "  Chicago  Convention"  of  1864. 

Van  Aernam,  Henry.— Was  born 
in  Marcellus,  Onondaga  County,  New 
York,  March  11,  1819;  received  an  aca 
demical  education,  and  graduated  at  a 
medical  college,  adopting  the  profession 


of  surgeon  and  physician ;  held  various 
town  offices,  and  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature  in  1858;  in  1862  was  ap 
pointed  Surgeon  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Fifty-fourth  New  York  Volunteers,  which 
he  resigned  in  1864;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Mileage,  and  Ed 
ucation  in  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Van  Allen,  James  Q.—lle  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1807  to  1809,  having  been  a 
member  of  the  State  Assembly,  in  1804, 
from  Columbia  County. 

Van  Allen,  John  E. —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1793  to  1799,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Assembly  in  1800  and  1801, 
from  Reusselaer  County. 

Van  AuJcen,  Dennis  M.—IIe  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  January  15,  1826; 
graduated  at  Union  College,  New  York, 
in  1852 ;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar 
in  1854 ;  elected  a  Prosecuting  Attorney  in 
1855 ;  after  which  he  was  frequently  ap 
pointed  to  the  same  office ;  and  in  1866  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Revolutionary 
Claims,  and  the  Militia. 

Van  Buren,  John. — He  was  one  of 

the  ablest  lawyers  of  the  Ulster  County 
bar,  in  New  York,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1841  to  1843.  He  died  at 
Kingston,  January  16,  1855. 

Van  Buren,  Martin. — Was  born  at 
Kinderhook,  New  York,  Decembers,  1782. 
His  father's  circumstances  were  humble, 
and  the  son  was  only  able  to  obtain  an 
ordinary  education  at  the  common  school 
and  academy  of  his  native  village.  In 
1796  he  left  the  academy,  and  commenced 
the  study  of  law.  In  1800  he  represented 
the  Republicans  of  his  native  town  in  tho 
"  Congressional  Convention  "  for  that  Dis 
trict.  A  part  of  the  years  1802  and  1803  he 
spent  in  New  York,  still  engaged  in  the 
study  of  his  profession,  and  in  November 
of  the  latter  year  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar.  He  still  continued  to  take  an  active 
part  in  politics.  The  first  official  distinc 
tion  which  he  received  was  conferred  upon 
him  by  Governor  Tompkins,  who  ap 
pointed  him  Surrogate  of  Columbia 
County  in  1803.  He  took  his  next  step 
in  public  life  in  1812.  In  the  spring  of 
that  year  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Sen 
ate.  He  continued  a  member  of  that  body 
until  1820,  having  been,  during  that  period, 
a  supporter  of  the  war  and  the  canal  proj 
ect.  A  portion  of  this  time  he  also  held 
the  office  of  Attorney-General.  lie  was  a 


392 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


member  of  the  "Constitutional  Conven 
tion"  of  the  State  of  New  York  in  1821, 
and  in  February  of  the  same  year  he  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
re-elected  in  1827,  serving  until  1829. 
The  following  year  the  gubernatorial  chair 
of  the  State  of  New  York  became  vacant 
by  the  death  of  Governor  Clinton,  and  Mr. 
Van  Buren  was  selected  as  a  candidate 
for  that  office  by  the  Democratic  party  of 
the  State.  He  was  elected,  but  his  career 
as  Governor  was  brief.  Scarcely  was  his 
administration  commenced,  when  Presi 
dent  Jackson,  oflered  him  the  appointment 
of  Secretary  of  S  .ite,  and  Mr.  Van  Buren 
at  once  accepted  it.  The  President  ap 
pointed  him  Ambassador  to  England,  but 
the  Senate  refused  to  confirm  the  nomina 
tion.  He  received  a  large  majority  of  the 
electoral  votes  for  Vice-Presidentin  1832, 
•which  office  he  continued  to  fill  during 
President  Jackson's  term.  In  183G  he  was 
nominated  for  the  office  of  President,  and 
elected.  The  principal  measure  of  his  ad 
ministration  was  the  establishment  of  the 
Independent  Treasury.  In  1840  he  was 
again  nominated  for  the  same  office,  but 
defeated  by  the  Whig  candidate,  General 
Harrison.  After  the  close  of  his  Presi 
dential  term,  in  1841,  he  lived  in  retire 
ment  at  Kinderhook,  his  place  of  birth,  on 
an  estate  to  which  he  gave  the  name  of 
Lindenwald.  In  1848  he  was  the  Presi 
dential  candidate  of  the  section  of  the 
Democratic,  party  styling  themselves 
"Barnburners,"  or,  on  that  occasion, 
"Free-soilers,"  but  was  unsuccessful. 
Died  near  Kinderhook,  July  24,  1862. 

Vance,  Joseph. —  He  was  born  in 
Washington  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  one  of  the  earliest  residents  of  the 
State  of  Ohio;  served  frequently  in  the 
Legislature  of  that  State ;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  1821  to  1835  ; 
Governor  of  the  State  in  1836 ;  and  again 
in  Congress  from  1843  to  1847,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Claims. 
In  every  public  position  he  acquitted  him 
self  with  ability,  and  died  near  the  town 
of  Urbauua,  Ohio,  August  24,  1851. 

Vance,  Robert  B. — He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1823 
to  1825. 

Vance,  Zebulon  B. — He  was  born  in 
Buncombe  County,  North  Carolina,  May 
13,  1830 ;  received  a  limited  education,  and 
spent  one  year  at  the  State  University, 
through  the  friendship  of  its  distinguished 
President;  he  studied  law,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1853;  in  1854  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature,  from  Buncombe 
County;  and,  on  the  resignation  of  Hon. 
T.  L.  Clingman,  in  1858,  he  was  elected 
to  succeed  him  in  the  Federal  House  of 
Representatives.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 


on  Revolutionary  Claims ;  and  was  Gov 
ernor  of  North  Carolina  from  18G1  to 
1863. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Philip.— He  served 
through  the  Revolutionary  war  as  a  Colo 
nel  in  the  New  York  line,  fighting  at  Sara 
toga  and  Bemis  Heights ;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Convention  which  ratified  the 
United  States  Constitution,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  Assembly,  from 
Westchester  County,  in  1788,  1789,  and 
1790;  of  the  State  Senate  from  1791  to 
1794;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1793  to  1809.  Died 
November  5,  1831,  in  Westchester  County, 
aged  eighty-two  years.  The  latter  part 
of  his  life  was  devoted  to  agriculture. 

Van  Cortlandt,  «7"/\,  Pierce.— -He 

was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1811  to  1813,  having  been 
a  member  of  the  State  Assembly  in  1777. 

Vanderpool,  Aaron. — He  was  born 
at  Kiuderhook,  New  York,  February  5, 
1799;  received  a  classical  education;  he 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1820;  he  served  in  1825, 1829,  and  1830, 
in  the  State  Legislature ;  and  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1833  to 
1837,  and  again  from  1839  to  1841.  On  his 
retirement  from  Congress  he  settled  in 
New  York  City,  and  was  appointed  one 
of  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court,  which 
office  he  held  until  1850. 

Vanderveer,  Abraham.— He  was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1839.  Died  July  20,  1839. 

Vandever,  William. — Born  in  Mary 
land,  and,  removing  to  Iowa,  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  that  State,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Lauds. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress.  Served  also  as  a  Colonel  in  the 
Union  army  in  1861. 

Van  DyTce,  John. — He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey ;  adopted  the  legal  profession ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1847  to  1851.  He  is 
now  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
State. 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas.— lie  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Delaware,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1777  to  1782,  and 
was  a  signer  of  the  Articles  of  Confedera 
tion. 

Van  DyJce,  NicJiolas.—Ke  gradu 
ated  at  Princeton  College  in  1788 ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Dela 
ware,  from  1807  to  1811;  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1817  to  1826 ;  and  died  in 
May,  1826. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


393 


Van  Gaasbeck,  Peter.— Re  was  a 
Representative  in  Cougress,  from  New 
York,  from  1793  to  1795. 

Van  Horn,  Burt. — Born  in  New- 
fane,  Niagara  County,  New  York,  Oc 
tober  28,  1823 ;  was  educated  at  the  Mad 
ison  University;  was  elected  to  the  State 
Legislature  in  1858,  and  the  two  following 
years ;  was  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  in  the  Thirty  seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Private 
Land  Claims,  Roads  and  Canals,  and  as 
Chairman  of  the  Select  Committee  on  the 
Niagara  Ship  Canal ;  and  in  1864  he  was 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Revolution 
ary  Claims,  and  Roads  and  Canals.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  the 
Niagara  Ship  Canal,  and  on  those  on  the 
District  of  Columbia  and  Public  Build 
ings  and  Grounds. 

Van  Horn,  Robert  T.— Born  in 
Indiana  County,  Pennsylvania,  May  19, 
1824  ;  received  a  good  English  education ; 
adopted  the  business  of  a  printer;  was 
twice  Mayor  of  Kansas  City,  Missouri, 
and  Postmaster  of  the  same;  rendered 
military  service  against  the  Rebellion 
from  1861  to  18(54,  as  Major  and  Lieuten 
ant-Colonel  of  Volunteers;  was  a  member 
of  the  Missouri  Senate  for  three  years ; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Missouri,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Indian  Af 
fairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  old  committees,  and 
that  on  Expenses  on  Public  Buildings; 
and  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Border  States 
Convention,"  held  in  Baltimore  in  18G7. 

Van  Home,  Archibald.— He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1807  to  1811. 

Van  Home,  Espy. — He  was  born 
in  Lycoming  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1825  to  1829.  Died 
at  Williamsport,  Pennsylvania,  July  25, 
1829. 

Van  Home,  Isaac. — He  was  a  Cap 
tain  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  from  1801  to  1805,  and  was  then 
appointed  Receiver  of  Public  Moneys  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio. 

Van  Houton,  Isaac  B. — He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1833  to  1835. 

Van  Metre,  John   JT.—  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1843  to  1845,  and  a  member  of  the 
Committee  on  Expenses  in  the  Navy 
Department. 


Van  Ness,  John  P.— He  was  born 
in  Ghent,  Columbia  County,  New  York,  in 
1770.  He  was  educated  at  Columbia  Col 
lege,  and  studied  law,  but  gave  up  the 
practice  on  account  of  ill  health.  He  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  1801 
to  1803 ;  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  in  Washington  City,  became  the 
first  President  of  the  Bank  of  the  Metrop 
olis  in  1814;  he  was  also  elected  Mayor 
of  Washington,  and,  both  as  a  public  and 
private  citizen,  did  much  to  promote  the 
prosperity  of  the  seat  of  trovernment. 
While  a  member  of  Congress  he  received, 
from  President  Jefferson,  a  commission 
as  Major  of  Militia  for  the  District  of 
Columbia,  which,  with  the  fact  that  he 
married  a  Washington  lady,  was  the  cause 
of  his  change  of  residence.  He  died  in 
Washington,  March  7,  1846. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Henry. — He  was 

born  in  Albany,  New  York ;  entered  West 
Point  as  a  Cadet  in  1827 ;  was  commis 
sioned  a  Lieutenant  in  1831,  but  resigned 
the  following  year;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1841  to  1843.  During  the  Rebellion  he 
served  in  the  army  as  a  Colonel,  and  a 
part  of  the  time  on  General  Scott's  staff; 
and  died  in  St.  Louis  in  1864. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Jeremiah.— -He 

was  born  in  1741 ;  graduated  at  Princeton 
College  in  1758;  was  a  patriot  of  the 
Revolution ;  Lieutenant-Governor  of  New 
York,  from  1801  to  1804;  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1801 ;  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1789  to  1791.  He 
died  in  Albany,  February  22,  1810.  His 
brother  Stephen  was  also  in  Congress, 
and  known  as  the  "  Patroon." 

Van  Rensselaer,  Killian  K.—He 
was  born  in  1763 ;  was  a  member  of  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1801  to  1811, 
after  which  he  retired  to  private  life ;  and 
died  in  Albany,  June  18,  1845. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Solomon.— HQ 

was  born  in  Rensselaer  County,  New 
Yrork,  in  1774 ;  he  served  as  an  officer 
under  General  Wayne  in  1794,  and  was 
wounded  through  the  lungs,  and  received 
four  wounds  at  the  battle  of  Qmenstown 
Heights.  In  1799  he  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  Major.  He  was  Adjutant-General 
of  New  York  from  1801  to  1810,  and  in 
1813.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1819  to  1822, 
when  he  was  appointed  Postmaster  at 
Albany.  He  died  near  Albany,  April  23, 
1852. 

Van  Rensselaer,    Stephen.  —  He 

was  born  in  the  City  of  New  York,  in 
November,  1764,  and  graduated  at  the 
University  in  Cambridge,  Massachusetts, 
in  1782;  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Senate  in  1795 ;  was  six  years 


394 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Lieutenant-Governor  of  New  York;  a 
member  of  Congress  from  1822  to  1820. 
It  was  by  his  casting  vote  in  the  New 
York  delegation  that  J.  Q.  Adams  was 
elected  President  in  February,  1825 ;  was 
appointed,  in  1810,  one  of  the  Canal  Com 
missioners,  and,  for  the  last  fourteen  years 
of  his  life,  was  President  of  the  Board ; 
and  during  the  last  war  with  England 
he  commanded,  with  reputation,  as  Ma- 
jor-General  on  the  Niagara  frontier.  He 
was  distinguished  for  his  wealth  and  mu 
nificent  charities,  and  enjoyed  the  in 
herited  title  of  Patroon.  He  died  at 
Albany,  January  26,  1839. 

Vansant,  Joshua. — He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1853  to 
1855;  was  also  for  many  years  President 
of  the  Maryland  Institute. 

Van  Trump,  Philadelph.—llQ  was 

born  in  Lancaster,  Ohio,  November  15, 
1810 ;  received  a  good  English  education ; 
learned  the  art  of  printing,  and  edited  a 
newspaper  for  several  years  in  his  native 
town.  He  studied  law,  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1838,  and  became  the  law-partner 
of  H.  F.  Stanbery,  with  whom  he  had 
studied  his  profession ;  was  a  member  of 
the  "  Baltimore  Convention  "  of  1852,  nom 
inating  Gener.il  Scott  for  the  Presidency; 
was  three  times  nominated  by  conventions 
as  a  candidate  for  the  Supreme  Bench  of 
the  State ;  in  1862  he  was  elected  a  Judge 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  which  he 
resigned  in  1866,  and  in  that  year  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Ohio,  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  Pacific  Railroad,  and 
Manufactures. 

Van  Valkeriburgh,  ^Robert  B.— 

Born  in  Steuben  County,  New  York,  Sep 
tember  4,  1821;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law;  served  three  terms  in  the  Legis 
lature  of  New  York;  when  the  Rebellion 
broke  out  he  was  placed  by  the  Governor 
of  New  York  in  charge  of  affairs  at 
Elmira,  and  there  organized  seventeen 
regiments  for  the  war;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  the  Militia.  In 
1862,  while  in  Congress,  he  took  com 
mand,  as  Colonel,  of  the  One  Hundred  and 
Seventh  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers, 
and  was  pre'sent  at  the  battle  of  Antie- 
tam.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committees  on  the  Militia,  and  Expen 
ditures  in  the  State  Department.  In  1865 
he  was  appointed,  by  President  Johnson, 
Acting  Commissioner  of  Indian  Aifairs 
during  the  absence  of  the  Commissioner. 
In  December,  18G5,  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Johnson,  Minister  Resident  to 
Japan. 


Van  Winkle,  Peter  <}.— Was  born 
in  the  City  of  New  York,  September  7, 
1808 ;  removed  to  Parkersburg,  now 
West  Virginia,  in  1835;  was  a  member  of 
the  Virginia  "  Constitutional  Convention  " 
of  1850;  also  of  the  "  Wheeling  Conven 
tion  "  of  1861 ;  and  also  of  the  Convention 
Avhich  formed  the  Constitution  of  West 
Virginia  in  1862 ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  that  State  from  its  organi 
zation  to  June,  1863;  and  in  November  of 
that  year  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  West  Virginia,  for  the  term 
ending  in  1869,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  Finance,  Pensions,  and  Post  Offices 
and  Post  Road.s.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Conven 
tion"  of  1806;  and  was  subsequently 
made  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Pensions. 

Van  Wyek,  Charles  JET.—  He  was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Mileage ; 
also  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  and  appointed  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Government  Contracts. 
While  in  Congress  he  served  in  the  Volun 
teer  service  as  the  Colonel  of  a  regiment, 
and  in  1865  he  was  appointed  a  Brigadier- 
General  by  brevet.  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Pittsburg  "  Soldiers'  Convention  "  of 
1865.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Retrenchment.  He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  State  "  Republican  Conven 
tion  "  of  1867. 

Van  Wi/ck,  William  W.—llQ  was 
born  in  Duchess  County,  New  York,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1821  to  1825. 

Varnum,    James   Mitchell. —  He 

was  born  in  Dracut,  Massachusetts,  in 
1749 ;  graduated  at  Rhode  Island  College 
in  1769;  studied  law,  and  settled  in  East 
Greenwich.  In  1774  he  accepted  the  com 
mand  of  a  company  called  the  "Kentish, 
Guards."  In  1777  was  promoted  by  Con 
gress  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-General. 
In  1779  he  resigned  his  commission  in  the 
army,  and  the  Legislature  appointed  him 
Major-General  of  Militia.  From  1780  to 
1782  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress,  after  which  service  he  re 
turned  to  the  practice  of  his  profession. 
In  1786  he  was  again  a  Delegate  to  Con 
gress,  and  served  one  year.  He  was  then 
appointed  Judge  of  the  North-west  Terri 
tory.  He  died  in  1790. 

Varnum,  «707m.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1825  to  1831.  He  was  a  native 
of  Essex  County,  Massachusetts ;  edu 
cated  at  Harvard  University;  practised 
law  for  some  years,  at  Haverhill,  Massa- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


395 


chusetts ;  was  frequently  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature.  He  removed  to  Niles, 
in  the  State  of  Michigan,  where  he  died, 
July  23,  1846,  aged  sixty-three  years. 

Varnum,  Joseph  Bradley.— Born 

in  175',),  in  Dracut,  Massachusetts  ;  he  was 
a  General  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  1795  to 
1811,  being  four  years  Speaker,  during  the 
Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses.  He  was 
chosen  Senator  in  1811,  served  till  1817, 
and  was  President  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate. 
Of  the  three  conventions  of  Massachu 
setts  he  was  a  useful  member.  He  died 
suddenly,  September  11,  1821,  being  then 
Major-General  of  a  division  of  the  Militia. 

Venable,  Abraham  J3.— He  was  a 
graduate  of  Princeton  College  in  1780;  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1791  to  1799  ;  and  a  Senator 
of  the  United  States  from  1803  to  1804. 
He  perished  In  the  conflagration  of  the 
theatre  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  December 
26,  1811. 

Venable,  Abraham  W. — Born  in 
Prince  Edward  County,  Virginia,  October 
17,  1799;  graduated  at  Hampden  Sidney 
College  iu  1816;  studied  medicine  for  two 
years,  and  then  went  to  Princeton  Col 
lege,  where  he  graduated  in  1819;  he  then 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  North  Carolina,  in  1821.  He  was  a 
Presidential  Elector  in  1832,  and  also  in 
183G ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  North  Carolina,  from  1847  to  1853. 
His  father  and  six  uncles  were  iu  the  Rev 
olutionary  war,  serving  their  country 
faithfully.  He  took  part  in  the  Rebellion 
of  1861  as  a  member  of  the  so-called  Con 
federate  Congress,  having  previously  been 
elected  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Verplanck,  Daniel    C.  —He   was 

born  in  New  York,  in  1761,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1802  to  1809.  He  subsequently 
served  for  many  years  as  Judge  of  the 
County  Court  of  Duchess  County,  New 
York,  resigning  in  1828,  and  died  near 
Fishkill,  March  29,  1834. 

Verplanck,  Gillian  C.— Born  in 
the  City  of  New  York  in  August,  1786 ; 
graduated  at  Columbia  College  in  1801 ; 
pursued  the  study  of  the  law ;  and,  after 
his  admission  to  the  bar,  he  passed  sev 
eral  years  abroad,  in  Great  Britain  and 
on  the  continent.  On  his  return  home 
lie  became  interested  in  politics,  and  in 
1814  was  a  candidate  of  the  "  malcon 
tents"  in  New  York  for  the  Assembly. 
In  1819  he  wrote  the  "State  Trium 
virate,  a  Political  Tale,"  being  a  satire 
on  the  political  parties  of  the  day,  and 
other  works  of  a  similar  description.  In 
1820  he  was  a  prominent  member  of  the 
New  York  Legislature,  in  which  he  was 


Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Education. 
He  soon  after  became  Professor  of  the 
Evidences  of  Christianity,  in  the  Theolog 
ical  Seminary  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church  in  New  York,  and  in  1824  he  pub 
lished  his  "Essays  on  the  Nature  and 
Uses  of  the  various  Evidences  of  Revealed 
Religion," — a  work  written  with  simplici 
ty  and  elegance.  The  following  year  ap 
peared  his  "Essay  on  the  Doctrine  of 
Contracts ;  being  an  Inquiry  how  Contracts 
are  affected,  in  Law  and  Morals,  by  Con 
cealment,  Error,  or  Inadequate  Price." 
Beside  these  works,  he  contributed  much 
to  various  magazines,  and,  in  conjunction 
with  Mr.  Bryant  and  Mr.  Sands,  he  pub 
lished  the  "  Talisman,"  a  sort  of  annual, 
three  volumes  of  which  appeared.  Front* 
1825  he  was  for  eight  years  a  member  of 
Congress  from  the  City  of  New  York,  and 
he  was  afterwards,  for  several  years,  a 
member  of  the  New  York  Senate.  He  also 
published,  in  1833,  a  collection  of  his  dis 
courses  and  addresses  on  various  subjects, 
and  in  1844  and  1846  a  handsome  edition 
of  Shakespeare.  He  was  a  Regent  of  the 
University  of  New  York  from  January, 
1826,  and  held  many  other  local  offices. 

Verree,  John  JP. — Born  in  Philadel 
phia,  Pennsylvania,  in  1819 ;  is  an  iron 
manufacturer  by  occupation,-- the  business 
of  his  whole  life  heretofore ;  was  for  six 
years  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  Select 
Council,  and  four  years  the  presiding  offi 
cer  of  that  body ;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Revolutionary 
.Pensions.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sev 
enth  Congress. 

Vibbard,  Chauncy.—W&s  born  at 
Galway,  Saratoga  County,  New  York, 
November  11,1811;  received  a  common- 
school  education ;  was  employed  for  sev 
eral  years  as  a  clerk  in  a  store,  and  after 
wards  in  a  railroad  office,  in  Albany;  in 
1848  he  became  the  Superintendent  of  the 
Utica  and  Schenectady  Railway  Company ; 
and  was  afterwards  called  to  the  same 
position  in  the  New  York  Central  Railway 
Company,  in  which  capacity  he  continued 
until  elected  a  Representative,  from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
the  Post  Office  and  Post  Roads. 

Vickers,  George. — Bora  in  Chester- 
town,  Kent  County,  Maryland,  November 
19,  1801 ;  received  an  academical  educa 
tion;  became  a  Clerk  in  the  office  of  a 
County  Clerk ;  studied  law  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1832 ;  in  1836  he  was  a  candi 
date  for  the  State  Senate  of  Maryland ; 
subsequently  declined  the  appointment  of 
Judge  tendered  by  Governors  Hicks  and 
Bradford:  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "Balti 
more  Convention  "  of  1852 ;  In  1364  he  was 
a  Presidential  Elector;  was  a  member  of 


396 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


the  State  Senate  in  I860  and  1867 ;  and  in 
18G8  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress 
from  Maryland,  for  the  term  ending  in 
1873,  in  the  place  of  P.  F.  Thomas,  re 
jected  by  the  Senate.  At  the  commence 
ment  of  the  Rebellion  he  received  from 
the  Governor  the  appointment  of  Major- 
General  of  the  Maryland  Militia. 

Vinlng,  John.— He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Delaware,  from 
1789  to  1792,  having  voted  for  locating  the 
Seat  of  Government  on  the  Potomac,  and 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1795  to  1798, 
when  he  resigned.  He  had  previously 
been  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continen 
tal  Congress  from  1784  to  1786. 

Vinton,  Samuel  JP.— Born  at  South 
Hadley,  Massachusetts,  September  25, 
1792.  He  graduated  at  Williams  College, 
Massachusetts,  in  1814;  studied  law  in 
Middletown,  Connecticut,  and  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1816,  when  he  removed 
to  Ohio,  and  practised  his  profession  with 
eminent  success.  He  was  first  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress  in  1823,  and 
served  fourteen  years,  when  he  declined  a 
re-election ;  he  was  re-elected  in  1843,  and 
served  eight  years  in  succession,  when  he 
again  declined  a  re-election,  and  retired  to 
private  life,  where  his  tastes  and  wishes 
inclined  him  to  remain.  In  1841  he  was 
also  a  Presidential  Elector.  While  in 
Congress,  Mr.  Vinton  served  as  Chairman 
of  several  of  the  most  important  commit 
tees.  In  1862  he  was  appointed  a  Com 
missioner  under  the  act  emancipating  the 
slaves  in  the  District  of  Columbia,  and 
died  in  Washington  in  May,  1862. 

Voorhees,  Daniel  W.—  Was  born  in 
Fountain  County,  Indiana,  September  26, 
1828;  graduated  at  the  Indiana  Asbury 
University  in  1849;  read  law,  and  com 
menced  the  practice  in  1851 ;  in  1858  he 
was  appointed  United  States  District  At 
torney  for  Indiana  by  President  Buchanan, 
which  office  he  held  three  years ;  in  1859 
he  was  engaged  in  the  defence  of  John  E. 
Cook,  at  Harper's  Ferry,  for  participation 
in  the  John  Brown  raid.  In  1860  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Indiana,  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Elections,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  same  committee.  Occa 
sionally,  by  way  of  relieving  the  monoto 
ny  of  professional  life,  he  is  in  the  habit 
of  addressing  literary  societies  on  sub 
jects  of  general  interest.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Appropriations,  but  his  seat 
was  successfully  contested  by  H.  D. 
Washburn. 

7~osef  Roger. — He  graduated  at  Har 
vard  University  in  1790;  was  for  many 
years  Chief  Justice  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  in  New  Hampshire ;  and  was  a 


Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1813  to  1817;  and  died  April 
17,  1842. 

Vrooin,  Peter  D.—  He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey ;  graduated  at  Columbia  Col 
lege,  New  York;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1839  to  1841.  He  was  also  Governor  of 
New  Jersey  from  1829  to  1832,  and  for  a 
second  term  from  1833  to  1836 ;  and  a 
member  of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention"  of  1844.  In  1852  he  was  a  Pres 
idential  Elector,  and  in  1853  he  was  ap 
pointed  Minister  to  Prussia.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Peace  Congress  " 
of  1861. 

Wade,  Benjamin  JP.— He  was  born 
in  Feeding  Hills  Parish,  Massachusetts, 
October  27,*  1800;  received  a  limited  edu 
cation,  and  commenced  active  life  by 
teaching  school  and  attending  to  agricul 
tural  pursuits  in  Ohio,  to  which  State  he 
removed  when  twenty-one  years  of  age ; 
he  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1828,  and  held  the  various  positions 
of  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Prosecuting  At 
torney  for  Ashtabula  County,  State  Sena 
tor,  and  President  of  a  Judicial  Circuit. 
In  1851  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress,  from  Ohio,  for  the  term  ending  in 
1857 ;  and  he  was  re-elected  for  a  second 
and  third  term,  ending  in  1869,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Territo 
ries  and  of  the  Special  Committee  on  the 
Conduct  of  the  War,  and  as  a  member 
of  the  Committees  on  Foreign  Relations 
and  on  the  District  of  Columbia.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loy 
alists' Convention"  of  1866;  and  on  the 
meeting  of  the  Fortieth  Congress  he  was 
chosen  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tern. 
His  father  was  a  soldier,  who  fought  in 
every  battle  of  the  Revolution  from  Bun 
ker  Hill  to  Yorktown. 

Wade,  Edward.— He  was  born  in 
West  Springneld,  Massachusetts,  Novem 
ber  22, 1803,"and  received  a  common-school 
education;  he  removed  with  his  father  to 
Andover,  Ashtabula  County,  Ohio,  in  1821, 
where  he  remained  until  1824,  and  en 
gaged  in  clearing  the  land.  He  studied  law 
in  Albany  and  Troy,  New  York,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Jefferson,  Ohio,  in 
1827,  and  was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace 
in  that  county;  in  1832  he  removed  to 
Unionville,  and  remained  until  1837,  and 
finally  settled  in  Cleveland.  He  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio  in  the 
Thirty-Third  Congress,  to  which  position 
he  has  been  re-elected,  serving  in  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  on  the  Committee 
on  Commerce. 

Wadsivortli,    James.  —He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  Connecticut,  to   t',ie  Con 
tinental  Congress,  from  1783  to  1786. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    ItECORDS. 


397 


Wadsivorth,    Jeremiah.— lie  was 

a  Delegate,  from  Connecticut  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress,  from  1786  to  1788,  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1789  to  1795.  Died  in  1804, 
aged  sixty  years. 

Wadsworth,  Peleg. — Was  born  in 
Duxbury,  Massachusetts,  May  6,  1748; 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1769,  and 
afterwards  engaged  in  commercial  pur 
suits.  He  joined  the  army  as  Captain  of 
a  company  of  minute  men,  at  Roxbury,  in 
the  beginning  of  the  war,  and  by  his  skill 
and  courage  rose  rapidly  in  the  service. 
He  was  second  in  command  of  the  forces 
sent  to  Penobscot  by  Massachusetts  in 
1779,  on  which  occasion  he  displayed  great 
courage,  and  was  taken  prisoner.  He 
rose  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-General. 
After  the  war,  in  1784,  he  established  him 
self  in  Portland,  Maine,  in  mercantile 
business;  and  was  employed  much  in  sur 
veying,  in  which  he  was  quite  skilful.  In 
1792  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  the  Leg 
islature  of  Massachusetts,  and  the  same 
year  was  chosen  the  first  Representative 
in  Congress  from  his  district.  He  was 
successively  re-elected  until  1806,  when 
he  declined  a  further  nomination.  In 
1798  the  citizens  of  Portland  gave  him  a 
public  dinner  in  approbation  of  his  con 
duct  as  their  Representative.  In  1807  he 
removed  to  the  County  of  Oxford,  Maine, 
to  improve  a  large  tract  of  land  granted 
to  him  by  government  for  his  services. 
Here  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his<days 
in  retirement,  enjoying  the  respect  of  a 
large  circle  of  his  friends  and  fellow-citi- 
zeiis.  He  died  in  1829. 

Wadsworth,   William  H.  —  Was 

born  in  Maysville,  Mason  County,  Ken 
tucky,  July  4,  1821,  but  came  of  the  old 
family  of  Wads  worths  who  founded  the 
city  of  Hartford,  Connecticut.  He  re 
ceived  his  education  from  the  Maysville 
Seminary  and  the  Augusta  College  of 
Kentucky ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
sat  in  the  Senate  of  Kentucky  in  1853  and 
1855 ;  was  a  Presidential  Elector  in  1860, 
presiding  over  the  Electoral  College ;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Ken 
tucky,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Naval  Af 
fairs.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
Public  Lauds  and  the  Joint  Committee  on 
the  Library. 

Wagener,  David  D.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1833  to  1841.  He  was  a  merchant,  and  for 
manj  years  President  of  the  EastouBank. 
Diet!  at  Easton,  Pennsylvania,  October  1, 
I860. 

Waggamann,  George  A.— He  was 

Secretary  of  State   of  Louisiana   under 


three  administrations ;  held  various  other 
public  positions;  and  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress  from  1831  to  1835.  lie  died  at 
New  Orleans,  March  23,  1843,  from  the 
effects  of  a  wound  received  in  a  duel,  aged 
fifty- three  years. 

Wagner,  Peter «/.— He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1839 
to  1841. 

WaTceman,  Abraham.  —  Born  in 
Fairiield,  Connecticut,  May  31,  1824.  He 
received  a  district-school  education ;  when 
sixteen  years  of  age  he  removed  to  New 
Rochelle,  New  York,  and  taught  school ; 
he  subsequently  attended  an  academy  in, 
Herkimer  County  as  pupil,  working  a  part 
of  the  time  on  a  farm  to  pay  his  expenses ; 
he  then  went  into  the  wilderness  and  took 
charge  of  a  saw-mill:  after  that  he  went 
into  the  business  of  selling  books  by  sub 
scription,  travelling  through  much  of  the 
Union ;  in  1844  lie  commenced  the  study 
of  the  law  in  Herkimer  County,  New  York ; 
went  to  New  York,  City  in  1846,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847;  in  1850  he 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature ;  re-elected 
in  1851 ;  in  1854  was  elected  an  Alderman 
in  New  York,  serving  two  years;  and  in 
1856  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress.  He  has  also  fre 
quently  served  as  a  member  of  State  Con 
ventions. 

Walbridge,  David  8.  —  Born  in 
Bennington,  Vermont,  July  30,  1802;  re 
ceived  his  education  from  the  common 
schools  of  the  vicinity ;  has  devoted  him 
self  to  the  various  employments  of  the 
farmer,  the  merchant,  and  the  miller;  he 
removed  to  Michigan  in  1842;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  in  1854,  and  served  until 
1859. 

Walbridge,  Henry  S.— He  was  a 

Representative    in    Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Walbridge,  Hiram.— "Born  at  Ith 
aca,  Tompkins  County,  New  York,  Febru 
ary  2,  1821;  commenced  life  by  learning 
the  trade  of  a  mechanic;  subsequently  re 
ceived  a  good  education  at  the  Ohio  Uni 
versity  ;  when  twenty-three  years  of  age 
was  elected  Brigadier-General  of  the  Ohio 
Militia;  and,  removing  to  New  York  City, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  New  York,  serving  from  1853  to 
1855.  In  18G5  he  was  President  of  the 
"Commercial  Convention"  held  in  De 
troit;  and  he  was  also  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
1866. 

Walden,  Hiram.— He  was  born  in 
Rutland  County,  Vermont,  August  29, 
1800,  received  a  limited  education,  and, 


398 


BIOGBAPHICAL    ItECOKDS. 


having  removed  with  his  father  to  New 
York,  devoted  himself  to  the  business  of 
cloth- dress  ing  and  wool-carding;  he  took 
au  interest  in  military  affairs,  and  at 
tained  the  office  of  Major-General  of 
Militia;  in  1836  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  in  1842  he  was  elected 
a  Supervisor  in  the  County  of  Schoharie ; 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1849  to  1851. 

Waldo,  LorinP. — Was  born  in  Can 
terbury,  Windham  County,  Connecticut, 
February  2,  1802;  received  a  thorough 
English  education  in  the  common  school;-!, 
and  pursued  the  study  of  the  classics  to 
some  extent  under  private  instructors ; 
read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
the  courts  of  the  State  of  Connecticut,  in 
September,  1825 ;  located  in  Tolland  Coun 
ty,  Connecticut,  where  he  was  State's  At 
torney  from  1837  to  1S49 ;  was  two  years 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Probate  in  his  dis 
trict,  and  six  years  a  member  of  the  Legis 
lature  of  his  State.  In  April,  1849,  he 
was  elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress, 
and  served  the  term.  In  1852  he  was 
elected  Commissioner  of  the  School  Fund 
of  Connecticut;  was,  in  March,  1853,  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Pierce,  Commis- 
.  sioner  of  Pensions ;  and  in  June,  1855,  was 
elected,  by  the  Legislature  of  Connecti 
cut,  to  the  office  of  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866. 

Waldron,  Henry. — He  was  born  in 
Albany,  New  York,  '  October  11,  1819; 
graduated  at  Rutgers  College,  New  Bruns 
wick,  New  Jersey,  in  July,  1836;  became 
a  civil  engineer  by  profession ;  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  of  Michigan  in  1843; 
and  served  as  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  daring  the  years  1855,  1850,  1857, 
and  1858,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Mileage.  He  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Territories. 

Wales,  George  E. — He  was  born  in 
Winclham  County,  Vermont;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  from  1825  to  182!)".  He  also  served 
six  years  in  the  State  Legislature,  and 
was  Speaker  in  1823  and  1824;  and  was 
Judge  of  Probate,  for  Hartford  County, 
from  1843  to  1848. 

Wales,  John.—  He  was  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Delaware,  from  1849  to 
1851,  in  place  of  John  M.  Clayton,  re 
signed.  Died  December  3,  1863. 

Walker,  Amasa. — He  was  born  in 
Woodstock,  Connecticut,  May  4,  1799; 
adopted  the  mercantile  business ;  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1849; 
a  State  Senator  in  1850;  Secretary  of 
State  in  1851  and  1852 ;  a  member  of  the 


"State  Constitutional  Convention"  of 
1853;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Massachusetts,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  for  the  unexpired  term  of  G.  F. 
Bailey,  deceased.  He  was  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1860;  and  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
1866.  He  was  also  at  one  time  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature ;  and 
Avas  the  author  of  a  work  on  the  "  Science 
of  Wealth." 

Walker,  Benjamin.  —  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1801  to  1803. 

Walker,  David.— lie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1817  to  1820.  Died  March  1,  1820, 
having  sent  a  request  to  Congress,  that 
his  death  should  not  be  officially  noticed, 
which  request  was  complied  with. 

Walker,  Felix.— He  was  born  in 
Hampshire  County,  Virginia,  July  19, 
1753,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  North  Carolina,  from  1817  to 
1823;  was  the  friend  and  companion  of 
Daniel  Boone,  when  he  explored  Ken 
tucky  and  founded  Boonsborough ;  he 
served  as  a  soldier  in  the  Indian  wars  in 
the  Carolinas ;  settled  in  Tryon  County, 
North  Carolina;  and  was  for  many  years 
in  the  State  Legislature ;  and,  subsequent 
ly  removing  to  the  State  of  Mississippi,  he 
died  there  in  1830. 

Walker,  Francis. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1793  to  1795. 

Walker,  Freeman.— He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1819 
to  1821,  and  resigned. 

Walker,  George. — He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1814  to  1815,  by  appointment  of  the 
Governor,  and  was  succeeded  by  W. 
T.  Barry,  apjfuiuted  by  the  Legislature. 

Walker,  Isaac  P.— He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Wisconsin,  from 
1848  to  1855,  and  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Claims.  In  1841 
he  was  a  Presidential  Elector. 

Walker,  JoJin, — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  during  the 
year  17'JO,  by  appointment,  but  was  super 
seded  by  J.  Monroe.  He  was  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 
Government  on  the  Potomac. 

Walker,  John  W. — He  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1806;  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Alabama,  from  1819  to 
1822;  and  died  in  April,  1823.  He  re 
signed  his  seat  in  Congress  on  account  of 


BIOGEAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


399 


ill  health.  It  was  said  that  he  sometimes 
addressed  the  Senate  when  it  was  thought 
he  would  die  before  finishing. 

Walker,  Percy, — Born  near  Hunts- 
vtlle,  Alabama;  received  an  academic 
education,  and  in  1835  graduated  in  the 
medical  department  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  removed  to  Mobile. 
He  served  as  an  officer  in  a  Volunteer 
company  during  the  Creek  war.  He  after 
wards  studied  law  as  a  profession,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842;  he  was 
elected  by  the  Legislature  to  the  office  of 
State's  Attorney  for  the  Sixth  Judicial 
Circuit,  which  he  held  four  years.  In 
1839, 1847,  and  1853,  he  represented  Mobile 
County  in  the  General  Assembly ;  and  in 
1855  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Alabama,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 
At  the  next  election  he  declined  being  a 
candidate,  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law. 

Walker,  Robert  «/".— Was  born  at 
Northumberland,  in  the  State  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1801.  He  entered  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  in  Philadelphia,  where 
he  graduated,  in  1819.  On  leaving  college, 
he  settled  in  Pittsburg,  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  1821.  He  in 
terested  himself  in  politics  at  a  very  early 
period,  and  became  Chairman  of  a  Demo 
cratic  Committee,  during  a  State  election, 
when  only  twenty-two  years  of  age.  A 
year  or  two  later  he  took  part  in  the  move 
ment  in  favor  of  nominating  General  Jack 
son  to  the  Presidency,  and  was  instru 
mental  in  bringing  about  the  action  of  the 
"Harrisburg  Convention,"  which  nomi 
nated  Jackson  for  that  office  in  1824.  In 
the  spring  of  182G  he  moved  to  the  State  of 
Mississippi.  He  uniformly  refused  politi 
cal  office  until  1836,  when  he  was  chosen 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  serving  until  1845. 
In  that  body  he  was  one  of  the  leaders  of 
his  party.  In  March,  1845,  on  President 
Polk's  accession  to  office,  he  was  called 
upon  to  take  charge  of  the  Treasury  De 
partment,  which  he  administered  for  four 
years.  He  subsequently  visited  England, 
where  he  met  with  flattering  attentions. 
After  having  been  for  some  years  out  of 
the  pale  of  politics,  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Buchanan,  in  1857,  Governor  of 
the  Territory  of  Kansas,  which  office  he 
resigned.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Phiiadephia  "  National  Union  Conven 
tion"  of 18G6. 

Walker,  William  A.— He  was  born 
in  New  Hampshire ;  and  was  a  Represent 
ative,  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1853  to  1855.  Died  at  New  York,  Decem 
ber  18,  1861. 

Wall,  Garret  Z).— Born  in  Mon- 
mouth  County,  New  Jersey,  March  10, 
1783 ;  received  an  academical  education, 
and  in  1798  commenced  the  study  of  law 


at  Trenton ;  in  1804  was  licensed  as  an  at 
torney,  and  in  1807  as  counsellor  at-law. 
Was  appointed  Clerk  of  the  Supreme 
Court,  in  1812,  which  office  he  held  for 
five  years.  He  commanded  a  Volunteer 
company  at  the  defence  of  Sandy  Hook  in 
the  war  of  1812;  and  was  Quartermaster- 
General  of  the  State  from  1815  to  1837. 
In  1827  he  was  elected  to  the  General 
Assembly.  In  1829  was  appointed  United 
States  District  Attorney  lor  New  Jersey ; 
and  the  same  year  elected  Governor  of 
the  State,  by  the  Legislature,  but  declined 
the  appointment.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  United  States  Senate  from  1835  to 
1841.  In  1843  his  health  was  greatly  im 
paired  by  a  stroke  of  paralysis ;  but  in 
1848  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Court 
of  Errors  and  Appeals,  which  office  he 
occupied  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
in  Burlington,  New  Jersey,  November  22, 
1850.  His  disease  was  dropsy  on  the 
chest. 

Wall,  James  W. — Was  born  in 
Trenton,  New  Jersey,  in  1820;  his  father. 
Garret  D.  Wall,  having  been  a  Senator 
before  him ;  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege,  in  1839 ;  studied  law,  and  com 
menced  the  practice  in  Trenton ;  his  first 
public  position  was  that  of  Commissioner 
of  Bankruptcy;  in  1847  he  settled  in  Bur 
lington,  and  devoted  some  attention  to 
literary  pursuits;  in  1850  he  was  elected 
Mayor  of  Burlington ;  and  in  1854  he  vis 
ited  Europe,  and  published  a  volume, 
entitled  "Foreign  Etchings;  or,  Visits  to 
the  Old  World's  Pleasant  Places."  Dur 
ing  the  early  part  of  the  Rebellion  he 
wrote  against  the  administration  in  power, 
for  interfering  with  the  freedom  of  the 
press,  and  was  imprisoned  for  a  few 
weeks,  in  Fort  Lafayette,  and  on  his  re 
lease  was  welcomed  home  with  great 
enthusiasm  by  his  fellow-citizens ;  and  in 
January,  18G3,  he  was  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  for  the 
unexpired  term  of  John  W.  Thompson, 
deceased,  but  which  seat  was  for  a  short 
time  occupied  by  R.  S.  Field. 

Wall,  William. — Was  born  in  Phila 
delphia,  March  20,  1801 ;  served  seven 
years  as  an  apprentice  to  a  ropemaker ; 
removed  to  King's  County,  Long  Island, 
in  1822,  where  he  followed  his  business 
of  ropemaking  so  successfully  that  when 
he  gave  it  up  in  1856  he  had  acquired  a 
large  fortune.  While  thus  engaged  in 
active  business,  he  was  called  upon  to  fill 
a  great  number  of  local  offices,  such  as 
Commissioner  of  Highways,  School  Trus 
tee,  Supervisor,  Commissioner  of  Water 
works,  etc. ;  and  in  1860  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  New  York  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Expenditures  on  Public  Buildings.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1806. 


400 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Wallace,  Daniel.— He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1847  to 
1853. 

Wallace,  David.— He  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  April  4,  1799 ;  graduated  at 
West  Point  in  1821,  and  served  for  a  time 
as  Professor  of  Mathematics.  In  1828  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Indiana  Legislature ; 
elected  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the  State 
in  1830  and  in  1833;  Governor  of  the 
State  from  1837  to  1840;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Indiana,  from 
1841  to  1843 ;  and  subsequently  to  his  ser 
vice  in  Congress  was  Prosecuting  Attor 
ney  for  the  State;  a  member  of  the  "  State 
Constitutional  Convention ;"  and  in  1856 
was  elected  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Com 
mon  Pleas  at  Indianapolis,  where  he  died, 
September  5,  1859. 

Wallace,  James  M, — He  was  born 
in  Dauphin  County,  Pennsylvania,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1815  to  1821.  It  is  said 
he  always  protested  against  the  initial  M. 
in  his  name,  but  never  got  rid  of  it  in  the 
Journals  of  Congress. 

Wallace,  John  W.— He  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittee  on  Claims. 

Wallace,  William  H.—  Bora  in 
Miami  County,  Ohio,  July  17,  1811 ;  spent 
his  early  life  in  Indiana;  removed  to  Iowa 
in  1837 ;  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla 
ture  of  Iowa,  and  served  as  Speaker; 
and  also  as  President  of  the  State  Coun 
cil  ;  was  appointed,  by  President  Taylor, 
Receiver  of  Public  Moneys  at  Fairfleld, 
Iowa;  removed  to  Washington  Territory 
in  1853 ;  served  several  sessions  in  the 
Territorial  Legislature ;  was  appointed, 
in  1861,  by  President  Lincoln,  Governor 
of  Washington  Territory;  was  elected  a 
Delegate  therefrom  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress ;  was  appointed  the  first  Gov 
ernor  of  Idaho  Territory;  and  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  as  a  Dele 
gate  from  Idaho.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  National  Committee  to  accompany  the 
remains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "National  Union  Convention  "  of 
1866. 

Walleii,  Samuel  H.—  Born  in  Bos 
ton,  Massachusetts,  August  31,  1805; 
fitted  for  college  at  Andover  Academy; 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1826 ; 
studied  law ;  officiated  for  twenty  years  as 
Treasurer  of  a  savings  bank  in  Boston  for 
the  benefit  of  seamen;  was  also  Treasurer, 
for  a  long  time,  of  a  railroad  in  Vermont, 
and  one  in  New  York;  he  was  also  a  mem 


ber  of  the  State  Legislature  for  eight 
sessions,  and  Speaker  of  the  House  for 
two  years;  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1853  to  1855.  On  his  return 
from  Washington  he  was  the  Whig  can 
didate  for  Governor  of  Massachusetts, 
but  was  defeated;  was  a  Bank  Commis 
sioner  in  1858;  and  in  1859  became  Presi 
dent  of  the  Revere  Bank,  of  Boston. 

Wain,  Robert. — He  was  a  prominent 
merchant  in  Philadelphia,  and  a  member 
of  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from 
1798  to  1801,  first  for  the  unexpired  term 
of  John  Swanwick,  and  was  re-elected. 
Died  January  24,  1836,  aged  seventy-one 
years. 

Walsh,  MiJce.— Born  in  Yanghull. 
Ireland,  but  brought  to  this  country  when 
a  child;  spent  his  boyhood  as  a  wanderer; 
conducted  a  paper  in  New  York  called  the 
"  Subterranean,"  in  which  ho  published 
certain  libels,  for  which  he  was  impris 
oned  two  years ;  and  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1853  to  1855.  He  subsequently  visited 
Europe,  and  also  Mexico,  and  on  March 
17,  1859,  was  found  dead  in  the  yard  of  a 
public  house  in  New  York.  The  cause  of 
his  death  is  unknown. 

Walsh,  Thomas  Y. — He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Maryland,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Walton,  Charles  W. — Was  born  in 
Mexico,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  December 
9,  1819;  was  bred  a  printer;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843 ;  in 
1847  was  elected  Attorney  for  Oxford 
County,  which  he  held  for  four  years ;  re 
moving  to  Androscoggin  County  in  1855, 
was  elected  Attorney  for  that  count}'  in 
1857,  which  office  he  held  until  1860,  when 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
Maine  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Private 
Land  Claims.  In  May,  in  1862,  he  re 
signed  his  seat  in  Congress,  and  was  ap 
pointed,  by  the  Governor,  a  Judge  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Maine. 

Walton,  E.  P. — Born  at  Montpelier, 
Vermont,  February  17,  1812;  studied  law, 
but  was  a  practical  printer  and  editor, 
having  for  several  years  edited  the  "  Ver 
mont  Watchman ;  "  he  served  in  the  State 
Legislature,  as  Representative,  one  term ; 
and  was  then  elected  a  Representative  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Public  Expendi 
tures.  He  was  also  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
es,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Comm-ittee 
on  Claims,  and  Chairman  of  that  on  Print 
ing.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Bal 
timore  Convention  "  of  1864,  and,  to  the 
Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


401 


18GG.  After  leaving  Congress  he  resumed 
the  editorship  of  his  journal  in  Moutpe- 
licr,  Vermont. 

Walton,  George. — He  was  a  native 
of  Virginia;  born  in  1740;  he  served  an 
apprenticeship  to  the  carpenter's  trade, 
after  the  expiration  of  which  he  removed 
to  Georgia,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1774.  He  was  one  of  the 
four  individuals  who  called  a  public  meet 
ing  at  Savannah  to  concert  measures  for 
the  defence  of  the  country  in  1774;  was 
one  of  the  committee  who  prepared  a  pe 
tition  to  the  king,  and  drew  up  the 
patriotic  resolutions  adopted  on  that  oc 
casion.  He  was  active  in  promoting  the 
Revolution  at  home,  and,  in  1776  was  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  Georgia,  and 
a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Indepen 
dence,  and  of  the  articles  of  Confeder 
ation.  When  the  enemy  attacked  Savannah 
he  was  dangerously  wounded,  and  taken 
prisoner,  but  was  released  in  1779,  and 
the  same  year  was  chosen  Governor  of 
the  State ;  in  1780  was  again  sent  to  Con 
gress;  and  in  1783  was  appointed  Chief 
Justice  of  the  State;  in  1787  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Convention  for  framing  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  but  de 
clined  taking  his  seat;  in  1789  he  was  a 
Presidential  Elector;  in  1793  was  again 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court;  and  in  1795 
was  elected  to  succeed  James  Jackson  as 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  but  was  super 
seded  by  J.  Tatnall.  He  died  February  2, 
1804. 

Walton,  Matthew.— He  was  a  Eep- 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky, 
from  1803  to  1807,  and  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1809.  Died  January  18, 1819. 

Walworfh,  Reuben  Ifi/de.  —  He 

was  born  at  Bozrah,  Connecticut,  in  Octo 
ber,  1789.  He  spent  his  earlier  years  on  a 
farm, and  had  few  advantages  of  education. 
He  commenced  the  study  of  law  at  the  age 
of  seventeen,  and  when  twenty  was  ad 
mitted  to  practice,  and  when  twenty-two 
was  licensed  as  an  attorney  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  New  York.  He  settled  atPlatts- 
burg,  in  1811,  and  held  successively  the 
offices  of  Master  in  Chancery,  officer  of 
militia  during  the  siege  of  Plattsburg,  in 
1814,  and  Adjutant  General  of  the  com 
bined  forces,  having  as  such  participated 
in  the  battles  of  Beekmanstown  and  Pike's 
Cantonment.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
House  during  the  Seventeenth  Congress, 
declined  a  re-election,  and  was  appointed 
a  Circuit  Judge  in  1823;  and  in  1828  he 
was  made  Chancellor  of  the  State  of  New 
York  which  he  held  for  twenty  years, 
when  the  office  was  abolished.  His  opin 
ions  as  Chancellor  were  published  in  four 
teen  volumes,  while  his  other  opinions 
occupy  as  many  more.  From  Yale  College 
he  received  the  degree  of  LL.D.  Died  in 
Saratoga,  November  28,  1867. 
26 


Ward,  Aaron.  — HQ  was  born  at 
Sing  Sing,  New  York,  July  5,  1790;  was 
educated  at  Mount  Pleasant  Academy,  and 
adopted  the  profession  of  law.  lie  served, 
in  1813,  in  the  regular  army  as  a  Captain ; 
was,  for  a  time  after  the  war,  District 
Attorney  for  the  County  of  Westchester, 
and  subsequently  attained  the  position  of 
Major-General  of  the  New  York  Militia. 
His  terms  of  service  as  a  Representative 
in  Congress  were  from  1823  to  1829,  from 
1831  to  1837,  and  from  1841  to  1843.  In 
1846  he  wasaDelegate  to  the  "  State  Con 
stitutional  Convention ;"  in  1833  he  visited 
Europe,  where  he  spent  two  years ;  and  on 
his  return  he  published  a  book  of  travels. 
While  in  Congress,  and  after  his  retire 
ment,  he  did  all  in  his  power  to  secure  a 
good  education  for  the  children  of  sol 
diers.  Died  in  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  March 
2,  1867. 

Ward,  Artemas.  —  Graduated  at 
Harvard  College  in  1748.  He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  the  Massachusetts  Legisla 
ture;  a  member  of  the  Common  Council 
of  Boston ;  and  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  for  the  County  of  Worces 
ter.  June  17,  1775,  he  was  appointed 
Major-General  of  the  American  Army,  and 
was  instrusted  with  the  command  of  the 
right  wing  of  the  troops  stationed  at  Rox- 
bury  for  the  siege  of  Boston.  He  was  n. 
Delegate  to  the  Provincial  Congress,  and 
a  Representative  in  the  United  States  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1791  to 
1795.  He  was  much  esteemed  by  Wash 
ington,  and  although  he  resigned  his  com 
mission  in  April,  1776,  yet,  at  the  request 
of  the  Commander-in-Chief  he  continued 
some  time  longer  in  the  service.  He  was 
a  man  of  exemplary  piety  and  incorrupti 
ble  integrity.  After  a  long  and  patient 
endurance  of  many  sufferings,  he  died, 
October  28,  1800,  aged  seventy-three 
years. 

Ward,  Artemas.— He  was  a  native 
of  Massachusetts,  and  born  in  17G3;  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  University  in  1783;  he 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice, 
and  soon  became  eminent  in  his  profession. 
He  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1813  to 
1817;  in  1821  he  was  appointed  Chief  Jus 
tice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  which 
office  he  held  for  nineteen  years.  He  died 
in  Boston,  October  7,  1847.  He  was  hon 
ored  with  the  degree  of  LL.D  from  Har 
vard  University. 

Ward,  A.  JET.—  He  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  for  the  unexpircd  terra  of 
G.  C.  Smith  resigned,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Mileage  and  the  Militia. 

Ward,  Elijah.— He  was  born  in  Sing 
Sing,  New  York,  September  16,  1816;  re 
ceived  an  academic  education,  and  was 


402 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


bred  a  merchant,  chiefly  in  the  city  of 
New  York,  where  he  was  President  of  the 
Mercantile  Library  Association  in  1839 ; 
he  studied  law  at  the  University  of  New 
York,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843 ; 
He  was  elected  a  Representative, from  New 
York,  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia.  In  18GO  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  and  in  1862  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Roads  and  Canals,  and  on 
Commerce. 

Ward,  Hamilton.— lie  was  born  in 
Salisbury,  Herkimer  County,  New  York, 
July  3, 1829 ;  received  a  liberal  education ; 
studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  at  Coop- 
erstown  in  1851,  settling,  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession,  at  Belmont,  Alleghany 
County;  in  1856  he  was  elected  District 
Attorney  for  said  county,  holding  the 
office  three  years,  and  was  re-elected  in 
1862;  during  that  year  under  an  appoint 
ment  of  the  Governor,  he  was  active  in 
raising  and  organizing  the  State  troops ; 
and  in  1864  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  New  York,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Claims,  and  on  Accounts.  Re-elected  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  Assassination  of  Presi 
dent  Lincoln ;  and  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Revolutionary  Claims;  and  he 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Repub 
lican  Convention  "  of  1867. 

Ward,  Jonathan. — He  was  a  native 
of  New  York,  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1815  to  1817,  having  been 
n  State  Senator,  from  Westchester  County, 
from  1807  to  1810. 

Ward,  Matthias. — He  was  born  in 
Elbert  County,  Georgia,  but  grew  up  to 
manhood  in  Madison  County,  Alabama. 
He  received  an  academic  education ;  was 
a  school-teacher  for  two  years;  studied 
law  and  became  a  citizen  of  the  Republic 
of  Texas  in  1836.  He  served  a  number  of 
years  in  the  Congress  of  that  Republic, 
and  when  it  became  a  State  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  as  a  Senator.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  two  conventions  which 
nominated  Mr.  Pierce  and  Mr.  Buchanan 
for  the  office  of  President ;  in  1856  he  was 
chosen  President  of  the  State  Democratic 
Convention  held  at  Austin;  and  in  1858 
was  appointed  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Texas,  for  the  term  ending  in  18G3. 
Died  at  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  October 
13,  1861. 

Ward,  Samuel.— A.  native  of  Rhode 
Island ;  was  honorably  associated  in  the 
struggle  for  American  Independence. 
He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  Rhode  Island,  from  1774 
to  1776,  and  died  in  Philadelphia,  March 


25,  1776,  while  attending  a  session  of  Con 
gress. 

Ward,  Thomas. — Was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  Jersey,  from 
1813  to  18177  He  died  at  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  February  4,  1842,  aged  eighty- 
three. 

Ward,  William  T.—  He  was  born  in 
Kentucky;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Wardivell,  Daniel.— Was  born  in 
Bristol,  Rhode  Island,  in  1791,  his  father 
having  fought  in  the  Revolution;  gradu 
ated  at  Brown  University  in  1811;  soon 
afterwards  removed  to  Rome,  New  York, 
where  he  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  four  times  elected  to  the 
Legislature  of  his  adopted  State;  was,  for 
several  years,  Judge  of  a  County  Court; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1831  to  1837,  serving 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions. 

Ware,  Nicholas. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  from  1821  to 
the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
New  York  City,  September  7,  1824. 

Warfleld,  Henry  It.— Was  born  in 
Anne  Arundel  County,  Maryland;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1819  to  1825.  On  the 
morning  of  March  18,  1839.  he  was  found 
dead  in  his  bed  at  Frederick,  Maryland. 

Warner,  Hiram.—  Born  in  Hamp 
shire  County,  Massachusetts,  October  29, 
1802;  he  received  a  good  common-school 
education,  with  some  knowledge  of  the 
classics,  and  emigrated  to  Georgia  at  the 
age  of  seventeen,  and  there  taught  school 
for  three  years ;  with  his  earnings  he  was 
enabled  to  study  the  profession  of  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1825,  and 
opened  an  office  at  Knoxville,  in  Crawford 
County.  From  1828  to  1831  he  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  the  General  Assembly,  and 
declined  a  re-election.  In  1833  he  was 
elected  by  the  Legislature  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Superior  Courts  of  the  State, 
and  was  reappointed  in  1836,  holding  the 
office  until  1840.  From  that  time  till  1845 
he  was  engaged  in  alucrative practice,  and 
was  that  year  appointed  one  of  the  Judges 
of  the  Supreme  Court,  serving  for  eight 
years,  and  then  resigned.  In  1855  he  was 
elected  a  Representative  in  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  and  declined  a  re-election 
in  1857. 

Warner,  Samuel  L.  —  Born  in 
Wethersfield,  Connecticut,  in  1829;  re 
ceived  an  academical  education  and  set 
tled  in  Middletown ;  prepared  himself  for 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


403 


the  legal  profession  by  a  course  of  study 
at  the  Yale  and  Harvard  law  schools,  com 
ing  to  the  bar  In  1853 ;  in  the  latter  part 
of  that  year  he  was  appointed  Executive 
Secretary  of  State;  in  1857  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Connecticut  Legislature ;  in 
1861  lie  was  elected  Mayor  of  Middletown, 
and  re-elected  until  1865,  when  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Connecti 
cut,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Public  Expenditures, 
and  Expenditures  in  the  Navy  Department. 
Prior  to  1861  he  was  identified  with  the 
Democratic  party,  and  was  a  Delegate  to 
and  a  Secretary  of  the  "  Baltimore  Con 
vention  "  of  1860.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "  of  1866. 

Warren,  Cornelius. — Born  in  Put 
nam  County,  New  York,  in  1790,  and  died 
at  Cold  Spring,  July  28,  1849.  He  was  a 
member  of  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1847  until  his  death. 

Warren,    Edward   A.  —  Born   in 

Greene  County.  Alabama,  May  2, 1818;  re 
ceived  a  liberal  education,  and  studied 
the  profession  of  law.  He  served  in  the 
Mississippi  Legislature  in  1845  and  1846, 
and  in  the  Legislature  of  Arkansas,  in 
1848  and  1849,  as  Speaker  of  the  House. 
In  1850  he  was  elected  State's  Attorney 
for  the  Sixth  Judicial  District  of  Arkan 
sas  ;  and  was  a  Representative,  from  that 
State,  in  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Committees  on  the 
Militia,  and  Railroads  and  Canals. 

Warren,  Lott.  —  Born  in  Berke 
County,  Georgia,  October  30,  1797 ;  com 
menced  life  as  a  clerk  in  a  store ;  served 
in  the  Seminole  war  as  a  Second  Lieuten 
ant  of  Militia  in  1818;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821;  in  1823 
he  was  elected  a  Major  of  Battalion ;  in 

1824  went  to  the  State  Legislature ;   in 

1825  was   appointed  Solicitor-General  to 
fill  a  vacancy;   in  1830  he  was  sent  to  the 
State  Senate;  in  1831  again  elected  to  the 
lower  house;    and  he  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,   from    1839    to    1843. 
He  was  subsequently  devoted  to  the  pro 
fession  of  law. 

Washburn,    Cadwallader    C.  — 

Born  in  the  town  of  Livermore,  Maine, 
April  22,  1818.  He  was  a  lawyer  by  pro 
fession;  removed  to  Wisconsin,  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  that  State, 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con 
gresses.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittees  on  Private  Land  Claims,  and  Ex 
penditures  on  the  Public  Buildings.  He 
was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Private  Land  Claims,  and  as  a 
member  of  the  Special  Committee  of 
Thirty-three.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 


the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of  1861.  In  Novem 
ber,  1862,  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  a  Major-General  in  the  Union 
army.  He  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Soldiers' 
Convention"  held  in  Pittsburg  in  1866. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and 
was  placed  on  the  Committees  on  Foreign 
Affairs,  and  Expenditures  on  the  Public 
Buildings. 

Washburn,  Henrjj  D.  —  He  was 
born  in  Windsor,  Windsor  County,  Ver 
mont,  March  28,  1832;  and  during  that 
year  was  removed  by  his  father  to  Ohio; 
was  early  apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  a 
tanner,  but,  not  liking  the  business,  be 
came  a  school-teacher,  which  occupation 
he  followed  until  his  twentieth  year; 
studied  law,  and  graduated  at  the  New 
York  State  and  National  Law  School  in 
1853.  He  subsequently  settled  in  Indiana, 
and  in  1854  he  was  appointed  Auditor  of 
Vermillion  County;  elected  to  the  same 
position  in  1856,  serving  as  such  until 
1861.  In  July  of  that  year  he  raised  a 
company  for  service  in  the  war;  was  pro 
moted  to  the  command  as  Colonel  of  the 
Eighteenth  Indiana  Volunteers,  in  1862; 
and  in  1864  he  was  brevetted  a  Brigadier- 
General,  and  was  mustered  out  of  the  ser 
vice  in  1865 ;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Indiana,  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  having  successfully  contested 
the  seat  claimed  by  D.  W.  Vorhees,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Claims,  and 
Southern  Railroads.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  Pittsburg  "Soldiers'  Convention" 
of  1866 ;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Re 
trenchment,  Military  Affairs,  the  Niagara 
Ship  Canal,  and  as  Chairman  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Bounties. 

Washburn,  Jr.,  Israel.—  Born  June 
C,  1813,  at  Livermore,  County  of  Oxford 
(now  Androscoggin),  Maine.  He  received 
a  classical  education ;  studied  law,  and  in 
October,  1834,  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
he  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Oro- 
no,  Penobscot  County,  December,  1834, 
where  he  has  since  resided.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  in  1842,  and 
elected  to  the  Federal  House  of  Repre 
sentatives,  from  Maine,  for  the  Thirty- 
second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  Thir 
ty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses, 
serving  in  the  latter  Congress  as  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means. 
In  1860  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Maine, 
and  in  1863  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  Collector  of  Portland. 

Washburn,  William  IS. —He  was 

born  in  Winchendon,  Massachusetts,  Jan 
uary  31,  1820;  graduated  at  Yale  College 
in  1844;  has  always  been  engaged  in  the 
manufacturing  business;  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  in  1850,  and  of  the 
lower  house  in  1854 ;  was  subsequently 
President  of  the  Greenfield  Bank ;  and  was 


404 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


elected  a  Representative,  from  Massachu 
setts,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committees  on  Invalid  Pen 
sions,  and  Roads  and  Canals.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Claims,  and  Revolu 
tionary  Pensions.  He  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists'  Convention" 
of  ISUG;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress. 

Wasliburne,  Elihu  B.  —Born   in 

Livennore,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  Sep 
tember  23,  1810;  served  an  apprenticeship 
in  the  printing-office  of  the  "Kennebec 
Journal ;  "  studied  law  at  Harvard  Univer 
sity,  and,  removing  to  the  West,  practised 
at  Galena,  Illinois.  He  was  elected  a 
Representative  to  the  Thirty-third  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  and  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty- 
sixth  Congresses,  serving  on  two  occa 
sions  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Commerce.  He  was  also  elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  again  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce, 
and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con 
gress,  serving  again  as  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Commerce,  as  a  member  of 
the  Joint  Committee  on  the  Library,  and 
also  as  Chairman  of  the  Special  Commit 
tee  on  Immigration.  On  account  of  his 
having  served  continuously  for  a  longer 
period  than  any  other  member  of  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  usage  awarded 
to  him  the  title  of  "  Father  of  the  House." 
He  was  the  author,  among  many  others, 
of  the  bill  reviving  the  office  of  Lieuten- 
aut-General,  which  was  conferred  on  Gen 
eral  Grant.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  again  serving  at  the 
head  of  the  Committee  on  Commerce,  and 
as  Chairman  of  the  Special  Committee  on 
the  Death  of  President  Lincoln,  and  as  a 
member  of  those  on  the  Rules,  Recon 
struction,  Air-line  Railroad  to  New  York, 
and  as  Chairman  of  the  Special  Committee 
to  Investigate  the  Memphis  Riots.  Two 
of  his  brothers  also  served  in  Congress, 
namely,  Israel,  Jr.,  and  Cadwallader  C. 
"VVashburn,  who  wrote  their  names  with 
out  the  e.  Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress. 

Washington,    George.  —  He   was 

horn  at  Bridge's  Creek,  Westmoreland 
County,  Virginia,  February  22,  1732,  and 
was  descended  from  a  family  distinguished 
for  its  respectability  and  virtue.  At  the 
age  often  years  he  lost  his  father;  was 
educated  in  English  literature  and  the 
general  principles  of  science  by  a  private 
tutor;  and  adopted  the  profession  of  a 
surveyor.  When  nineteen  years  of  age, 
ho  was  appointed  an  Adjutant,  with  the 
rank  of  Major;  in  1753  he  was  employed 
by  Dinwiddie  on  a  mission  to  the  French 
army,  in  the  valley  of  the  Ohio,  and  made 
treaties  with  the  Indians  ;  he  served  as  an 
Aido-de-camp  under  Braddock,  and,  on  the 


fall  of  that  general,  displayed  great  ability 
in  saving  the  army ;  in  1758  he  performed 
an  expedition  to  Fort  du  Quesne ;  after 
which,  with  the  rank  of  Colonel,  he  retired 
to  the  paternal  estate  of  Mount  Veruou 
and  devoted  himself  to  agriculture.  He 
cultivated  nine  thousand  acies  of  land; 
employed  about  a  thousand  persons,  slaves 
and  others,  on  his  estate,  whom  he  clothed 
with  cloths  made  under  his  own  superin 
tendence  ;  and  it  is  said  that  seven  thou 
sand  bushels  of  wheat  and  ten  thousand 
bushels  of  corn  was  not  an  uncommon 
crop  for  him  to  raise  on  his  plantation. 
He  frequently  served  in  the  Legislature 
of  Virginia ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  in  1774  and  the  early 
part  of  1775 ;  and,  on  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war,  he  was  called  to  the  chief  com 
mand  of  the  Provincial  troops,  and  the 
record  of  his  services  is  a  history  of  the 
war.  He  joined  the  army  at  Cambridge 
in  July,  1775 ;  in  177G  he  fought  the  battles 
of  Long  Island,  White  Plains,  Trenton, 
and  Princeton ;  in  1777  those  of  Brandy- 
wine  and  Germantovvn;  in  1778  that  of 
Monmouth;  and  in  1781  he  captured  Corn- 
wallis  at  Yorktown,  and  thereby  virtually 
closed  the  war.  When  the  treaty  of  peace 
was  signed,  he  resigned  his  commission 
and,  universally  beloved,  retired  to  private 
life.  He  was  elected  the  first  President 
of  the  United  States,  and,  after  having 
been  re-elected  and  serving  out  his  second 
terra,  he  again  retired  to  private  life.  In 
1798  he  was  induced  again  to  accept  the 
command  of  the  army,  but  it  was  merely 
to  concentrate  the  efforts  of  his  fellow- 
citizens  for  the  promotion  of  the  general 
good,  and  was  another  sacrifice  to  his 
high  sense  of  duty.  He  died  at  Mount 
Vernon,  after  a  short  illness,  of  quinsy 
sore  throat,  December  14,  1799 ;  was 
buried  at  that  place  with  the  honors  due 
to  the  noble  champion  of  the  liberties  of  a 
happy  and  prosperous  republic.  The 
character  of  Washington  stands  alone 
among  the  great  men  of  the  world,  as  a 
pure  man,  a  patriot,  a  wise  statesman,  a 
citizen,  a  ruler,  a  husbandman,  a  general, 
and  a  Christian.  His  life  has  been  writ 
ten  and  commented  upon  by  hundreds  of 
writers,  but  perhaps  the  most  popular 
biographies  of  him  were  published  by 
John  Marshall,  Washington  Irving,  David 
Ramsay,  and  Aaron  Bancroft;  and  a 
copious  selection  from  his  manuscripts 
was  edited  by  Jared  Sparks,  and  published 
in  twelve  volumes.  His  home  at  Mount 
Vernon  is,  to  lovers  of  liberty  and  true 
greatness,  a  kind  of  Mecca;  and,  as  the 
"Father  of  his  Country,"  his  memory 
will  be  venerated  as  long  as  the  republic 
endures. 

Washington,  George  C.— Born  iu 
Westmoreland  County,  Virginia,  August 
20,  1789,  and  died  in  Georgetown,  District 
of  Columbia,  July  17,  1854.  He  was  edu 
cated  at  Cambridge,  and  became  a  lawyer 


BIOOEAPHICAL    EECORDS. 


by  profession,  though  partial  to  the  pur 
suit  of  agriculture.  At  the  time  of  his 
death,  he  was  the  oldest  and  nearest  sur 
viving  male  relative  of  his  grand-uncle, 
General  Washington.  He  represented 
Maryland  in  Congress,  from  1827  to  1833, 
and  from  1835  to  1837.  He  was  also 
President  of  the  Clfesapeake  and  Ohio 
Canal,  and  a  Commissioner  for  the  settle 
ment  of  Indian  Claims.  When  General 
Scott  was  nominated  for  the  Presidency, 
Mr.  Washington  was  spoken  of  as  the  can 
didate  for  Vice-President. 

Washington,  William  JET.— Born  in 
North  Carolina;  graduated  at  Yale  Col 
lege  in  1834,  and  was  a  lawyer  by  profes 
sion.  He  was  in  Congress  from  1841  to 
1843,  and  subsequently  five  or  six  years  in 
the  State  Legislature.  Died  August  12, 
I860,  aged  forty-six  years. 

Watkins,  Albert  G.— He  was  born 
in  Jefferson  County,  Tennessee,  May  5, 
1818;  was  educated  at  Holston  College, 
Tennessee ;  adopted  the  profession  of 
law ;  was  elected  to  the  Legislature,  from 
his  native  county,  in  1845 ;  was  a  Presi 
dential  Elector  in  1848;  and  was  first 
elected  a  Representative  in  Congress  in 
1849,  and  re-elected  to  each  succeeding 
Congress,  excepting  the  Thirty-third, 
when  he  declined  the  nomination.  He 
\vas  a  member  of  the  Committee^  on  Manu 
factures,  and  on  the  Militia. 

Watmouflh,  John  G.—  He  was  born 
on  the  banks  of  the  Brandywine,  Dela 
ware,  December  6,  1793,  and  educated  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  and  Prince- 
,  ton.  He  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  as  a 
Lieutenant  in  the  Second  Artillery,  and 
while  doing  service  on  the  frontiers,  In 
1813  and  1814,  was  wounded  by  receiving 
in  his  body  three  musket-balls,  the  last  of 
which  was  extracted  in  1835 ;  he  resigned 
his  commission  in  1816,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  in  1831,  where  he  remained  four 
years,  during  the  whole  of  which  period 
his  wounds  were  open  and  constantly  giv 
ing  him  pain.  His  other  public  positions 
were  those  of  Aide-de-camp  to  General 
Gaines,  at  New  Orleans,  and  in  the  Creek 
Nation  in  1814  and  1815;  High  Sheriff  of 
Philadelphia  City  and  County  in  1835; 
and  Surveyor  of  that  port  in  1841.  During 
the  latter  part  of  his  life  he  lived  in  retire 
ment,  and  died  at  Philadelphia,  November 
29,  1861. 

Watson,  Cooper  K.-  He  was  born 
in  Ohio,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to  1857. 

Watson,  James. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1798 
to  1800,  when  he  resigned;  had  previous 
ly  been  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of 


New  York  during  the  years  1791.  1794, 
1795,  and  1796;  was  a  State  Senator  in 
1797. 

Watterson,  Harvey  M. — He  was 

born  in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1839  to  1843. 

Watts,  John. — He  was  born  in  New 
York  in  1749,  and  died  in  New  York  City, 
September  3,  1836.  He  was  a  member  of 
Congress  from  1793  to  1795. 

Watts,  John  S. — He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  elected  a  Delegate,  from 
the  Territory  of  New  Mexico,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress. 

Wayne,  Anthony. — Born  in  East- 
town,  Chester  County,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1746.  In  1773  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  the  General  Assembly,  where  he 
took  an  active  part  against  the  Claims  of 
Great  Britain.  In  1775  he  entered  the 
army  as  Colonel,  and  in  the  battle  at  the 
Three  Rivers,  in  June,  1776,  received  a 
wound  in  the  leg,  and  at  the  close  of  the 
campaign  he  was  made  a  Brigadier-Gen 
eral.  In  the  battles  of  Brandywine,  Ger- 
mantown,  and  Monmouth,  and  especially 
at  Stony  Point,  he  greatly  distinguished 
himself,  in  the  latter  assault  receiving  a 
severe  wound  in  the  head.  In  1781  he  led 
the  Pennsylvania  line,  to  form  a  junction 
with  Lafayette  in  Virginia,  and  engaged 
in  the  capture  of  Cornvvallis ;  after  which 
he  conducted  the  war  in  Georgia  with 
equal  success,  receiving  from  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State  a  valuable  farm  as  a 
reward  for  his  services,  upon  which  he 
retired  after  the  war.  In  1787  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Convention  for  framing 
the  Constitution,  and  served  as  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Georgia,  in 
1791,  but  his  seat  was  successfully  con 
tested  by  James  Jackson,  and  was  vacated 
by  a  resolution  of  the  House.  In  1792  he 
was  again  called  into  military  service, 
and  succeeded  St.  Clair  in  the  command 
of  the  army  against  the  Indians,  gaining 
a  complete  victory  over  them  in  1794,  at 
the  battle  of  the  Miami ;  he  concluded  a 
treaty,  August  3,  1795,  with  the  hostile 
tribes  north-west  of  the  Ohio.  While  in 
the  service  of  his  country,  having  attained 
the  rank  of  Major-General,  fee  died  in  a 
hut  at  Presque  Isle,  and  was  buried  on  the 
shore  of  Lake  Erie,  in  December,  1796, 
but  in  1809  his  remains  were  removed  to 
his  native  county. 

Wayne,  Isaac.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1823  to  1825. 

Wayne,  James  M. — He  was  born 
in  Savannah,  Georgia,  in  1790.  Having 
obtained  an  excellent  preliminary  educa- 


406 


B10GEAPHICAL    JtECOKDS. 


tion,  under  the  instruction  of  a  private 
tutor,  he  entered  Nassau  Hall  (now 
Princeton  College),  where  he  counted 
among  his  fellow-students  some  of  the 
leading  men  of  the  present  day.  On  his 
return  home,  at  the  close  of  his  collegiate 
course,  he  commenced  the  study  of  law  in 
Savannah;  but  his  father  having  died  a 
few  mouths  afterwards,  he  left,  by  the 
advice  of  his  friends,  to  prosecute  his 
studies  at  the  North.  On  his  second  re 
turn  home,  he  commenced  the  practice  of 
his  profession,  and  took  much  interest  in 
politics.  After  three  or  four  years,  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  General  As 
sembly,  as  an  opponent  of  the  "  relief 
law,"  which  had  created  much  feeling 
throughout  the  State.  He  was  re-elected 
the  following  year,  but  declined  being  a 
.  candidate  tlie  third  time.  He  was  next 
Mayor  of  the  city.  On  his  resignation 
of  that  office,  he  was  chosen  Judge  of  the 
Superior  Court,  and  served  five  years  and 
a  half.  He  was  then  elected  a  member 
of  Congress,  in  the  session  of  1829  and 
1880,  and  served  until  1835.  He  took  a 
prominent  position  in  the  House  as  a  de 
bater,  and  also  proved  himself  a  good 
business-member  on  various  committees. 
He  was  a  supporter  of  President  Jackson, 
by  whom  he  was  appointed  to  a  seat  on 
the  bench  of  the  United  States  Supreme 
Court  in  1835.  He  proved  himself  a  sound 
and  accomplished  jurist,  and  especially 
devoted  his  attention  to  the  subject  of 
admiralty  jurisprudence,  and  his  opinion 
on  points  connected  with  that  subject  are 
everywhere  cited  as  high  authority.  In 
18G5  and  1866,  by  invitation  of  the  facul 
ty,  he  delivered  an  occasional  lecture  be 
fore  the  law-students  of  Columbia  College. 
Died  in  Washington,  July  5,  1867. 

Weahley,  Robert. — He  was  a  Rep- 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1809  to  1811,  and  in  1819  was  ap 
pointed  United  States  Commissioner  to 
treat  with  the  Chickasaws. 

Webster,  Daniel. — Born  in  the  town 
of  Salisbury,  New  Hampshire,  January  18, 
1782.  His  opportunities  for  education  were 
very  deficient,  and  he  was  indebted  for  his 
earliest  instruction  to  his  mother.  For  a 
few  months  only,  in  1796,  he  enjoyed  the 
advantages  of  Phillips's  Exeter  Academy; 
here  his  education  for  college  commenced, 
and  it  was  completed  at  Boscawen.  He 
entered  Dartmouth  College  in  1797,  and 
graduated  in  1801.  Soon  after  he  engaged 
in  professional  studies,  first  in  his  native 
village,  and  afterwards  at  Fryeburg,  in 
Maine,  where,  at  the  same  time,  he  had 
the  charge  of  an  academy,  and  was  also  a 
copyist  in  the  office  of  the  Register  of 
Deeds.  Having  completed  his  legal  stud 
ies,  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Suffolk, 
Massachusetts,  in  the  year  1805.  He  com 
menced  the  practice  of  law  in  his  native 
State  and  county ;  in  1807  he  removed  to 


Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  and  soon 
became  engaged  in  a  respectable  but  not 
lucrative  practice.  In  1812  he  was  chosen 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  and  was  re-elected.  He  re 
moved  to  Boston  in  1816,  and  was  placed 
at  once  beside  the  leaders  of  the  Massa 
chusetts  bar,  having  already  appeared  be 
fore  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States,  at  Washington.  By  his  argument 
in  the  Dartmouth  College  case,  carried  by 
appeal  to  Washington,  in  1817,  he  took 
rank  among  the  most  distinguished  jurists 
in  the  country.  In  1820  he  was  chosen  a 
member  of  the  Convention  for  revising 
the  Constitution  of  Massachusetts.  He 
was  offered,  about  this  time,  a  nomination 
as  a  Senator  of  the  United  States,  but  de 
clined.  In  1822  he  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  the  City  of 
Boston ;  he  took  his  seat  in  December, 
1823,  and  early  in  the  session  made  his 
celebrated  speech  on  the  Greek  Revolu 
tion,  which  at  once  established  his  repu 
tation  as  one  of  the  first  statesmen  of  the 
age,  and  he  was  re-elected.  In  1826  he 
was  again  elected,  and  under  the  Presi 
dency  of  Mr.  Adams,  he  was  the  leader 
of  the  friends  of  the  administration,  first 
in  the  House  of  Representatives,  and  af 
terwards  in  the  Senate,  to  which  he  was 
elected  in  1827.  His  speech  on  the  Pana 
ma  mission  was  made  in  the  first  session 
of  the  Nineteenth  Congress.  When  the 
tariff  law  of  1824  was  brought  forward  he 
spoke  against  it  on  the  ground  of  expe 
diency.  He  remained  in  the  Senate  a 
period  of  twelve  years.  In  1830  he  made 
what  is  generally  regarded  the  ablest  of 
his  parliamentary  efforts,  —  his  second 
speech  in  reply  to  Colonel  Hayne,  of 
South  Carolina.  Mr.  Webster,  although 
opposed  to  the  administration  of  General 
Jackson,  gave  it  a  cordial  support  in  its 
measures  for  the  defence  of  the  Union,  in 
1832  and  1833,  but  opposed  its  financial 
system.  In  1839  he  made  a  short  visit  to 
Europe.  His  fame  had  preceded  him,  and 
he  was  received,  in  the  Old  World,  with 
the  attention  due  to  his  character  and 
talents,  at  the  French  and  English  Courts. 
On  the  accession  of  President  Harrison, 
he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State,  and 
was  continued  in  this  office  by  President 
Tyler.  President  Tyler's  cabinet  was 
broken  up  in  1842,  but  Mr.  Webster  re 
mained  in  office  till  the  spring  of  1843, 
being  desirous  of  putting  some  other  mat 
ters,  connected  with  our  foreign  relations, 
in  a  prosperous  train.  Mr.  Webster  re 
turned  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States 
in  1845,  and  he  remained  in  that  body 
until  1850,  when  he  was  appointed  Secre 
tary  of  State  by  President  Fillmore.  In 
December,  1850,  the  famous  Hiilsemann 
letter  was  written.  In  1851,  by  his  ju 
dicious  management  of  the  Cuba  ques 
tion,  he  obtained  of  the  Spanish  govern 
ment  the  pardon  of  the  followers  of 
Lopez,  who  had  been  deported  to  Spain. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


407 


About  the  same  time  lie  received  from  the 
English  government  an  apology  for  the 
interference  of  a  British  cruiser  with  au 
American  steamer,  in  the  waters  of  Nica 
ragua.  This  was  the  second  time  that  the 
British  government  had  made  a  similar 
concession  at  the  instance  of  Mr.  Web 
ster.  The  first  was  in  reference  to  the 
destruction  of  the  "  Caroline  "  at  Schlos- 
ser ;  and  it  is  understood  that  it  was  on 
the  strength  of  a  private  letter  that  he 
addressed  to  Lord  Palmerston,  that  the 
present  Sir  John  F.  Crampton  was  made 
Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  "Washington. 
He  paid  much  attention  to  agriculture, 
and  his  residence,  when  not  engaged  in 
public  business  at  Washington,  was  either 
at  Marshfield,  in  Massachusetts,  or  the 
place  of  his  birth,  in  New  Hampshire. 
The  works  of  Mr.  Webster  were  pub 
lished  in  six  volumes,  with  a  biographical 
memoir  by  Edward  Everett.  Pie  died 
October  23,  1852,  at  Marshfield ;  in  that 
year,  his  Private  Life,  by  the  compiler  of 
this  volume,  was  published;  and  in  1857 
two  volumes  of  his  Private  Correspond 
ence  were  published  by  his  son,  Fletcher 
Webster,  subsequently  killed  in  battle 
during  the  Rebellion. 

Webster,  Edivin  H. — He  was  born 
in  Harford  County,  Maryland,  March  31, 
1829 ;  was  educated  at  Dickinson  College, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  Sen 
ate  from  1855  to  1859,  serving  two  years 
as  the  President  of  that  body.  In  1856  he 
was  chosen  a  Presidential  Elector.  His 
term  in  Congress  commenced  with  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  as  a  Represent 
ative  from  Maryland,  and  he  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committees  on  Claims,  and  on 
Public  Expenditures.  For  a  time  he  ren 
dered  the  State  some  service  in  a  military 
capacity,  and  was  Colonel  of  a  Maryland 
regiment.  In  1863  he  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Claims,  and  on  the 
Militia.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  but  in  July,  1865,  was  appointed, 
by  President  Johnson,  Collector  of  Cus 
toms  for  the  port  of  Baltimore. 

Webster t  Taylor. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and,  having  settled  in  Ohio, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1833  to  1839. 

Weeks,  John  IF.— He  was  a  County 
Sheriff,  in  New  Hampshire,  from  1820  to 
1825;  a  State  Senator  in  1827  and  1828; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
Hampshire,  from  1829  to  1833 ;  and  Judge 
of  Probate,  in  Coos  County,  in  1854. 

Weeks,  Joseph. —  He  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from 
1835  to  1839,  having  previously  been  for 


two  years  Judge  of  the  County  Court  for 
Cheshire  County. 

Weetns,  John  C. — He  was  born  in 
Calvert  County,  Maryland,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  182G  to  1829. 

Weighttnan,  Richard  Hanson. 

— Born  in  Maryland,  and  educated  at  West 
Point;  was  a  Captain  in  the  Missouri 
Battalion  of  Light  Artillery  Volunteers 
in  the  Mexican  war,  and  distinguished 
himself  under  Colonel  Donophan  in  the 
battle  of  Sacramento;  subsequently  held 
the  position  of  additional  Paymaster;  and 
was  a  Delegate  to  Congress,  from  New 
Mexico,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Welch,  John. — He  was  born  in  Jef 
ferson  County,  Ohio,  October,  28,  1805; 
was  educated  at  Franklin  College,  Ohio ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1833 ;  he  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate  of  Ohio,  in  1846  and  1S47 ;  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1851  to 
1853.  He  was  subsequently  one  of  the 
Trustees  of  the  Ohio  University. 

Welch,  William  W.—lle  was  born 
in  Norfolk,  Connecticut,  December  10, 
1818;  received  the  rudiments  of  his  edu 
cation  at  the  common  schools  and  from 
private  instructors,  and,  having  turned  his 
attention  to  the  science  of  medicine,  re 
ceived  the  degree  of  M.D.  from  the  medi 
cal  institution  of  Yale  College,  in  1838 ; 
and,  excepting  when  interrupted  by  his 
public  duties,  has  ever  been  a  practising 
physician.  He  has  twice  been  elected  to 
the  House  of  Representatives,  and  twice 
to  the  Senate  of  Connecticut ;  and  he  was 
a  Representative,  from  that  State,  during 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress. 

Welker,  Martin. — He  was  born  in 
Knox  County,  Ohio,  April  25,  1819;  re 
ceived  a  good  education  by  his  own  un 
aided  efforts,  while  working  on  a  farm  or 
employed  as  clerk  in  a  store ;  studied 
law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1840 ;  from 
184B  to  1851  he  was  Clerk  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  for  Holmes  County ;  in  1851 
he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Common 
Pleas  for  the  Sixth  District  serving  five 
years;  in  1857  he  removed  to  Wooster, 
Wayne  County,  and  was  elected  Lieuten- 
ant-Governor  of  Ohio,  declining  a  renom- 
ination;  in  1861  he  was  appointed  a  Judge 
Advocate,  with  the  rank  of  Major,  serving 
three  months  as  a  staff  officer ;  was  soon 
afterwards  appointed  Aide-de-camp  and 
Acting  Judge  Advocate-General,  with  the 
rank  of  Colonel,  under  the  Governor  of 
the  State ;  in  1862  he  was  an  Assistant 
Adjutant-General,  and  superintended  the 
draft  of  the  State ;  and  in  1864  he  ws,^ 
elected  a  Representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 


408 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Committees  on  the  District  of  Colum 
bia,  Revolutionary  Pensions,  and  Free 
Schools  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  He 
\vas  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia 
"  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of  1866 ;  and  was 
re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serv 
ing  on  the  Committee  on  Retrenchment. 

Wellborn,  M.  J.— Born  in  Georgia, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1849  to  1851. 

Weller,  John  B,— He  was  born  in 
Ohio;  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1839  to  1845;  was 
the  first  United  States  Commissioner  to 
Mexico,  under  the  treaty  of  Guadalupe 
Hidalgo;  and,  having  taken  up  his  resi 
dence  in  California,  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  in  1851,  for  a  long 
term ;  and  was  subsequently  elected  Gov 
ernor  of  California.  In  December,  1860, 
he  was  appointed  Minister  to  Mexico ; 
and  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Con 
vention  " in  1864. 

Wells,  Alfred. — Born  in  Dagsboro', 
Sussex  County,  Delaware,  May  27,  1814; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law,  and  settled 
at  Ithaca,  New  York;  and  in  1858  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  the  Militia. 
He  has  also  held  the  positions  of  Deputy 
Clerk,  District  Attorney,  and  Judge  of 
Tompkius  County,  New  York. 

Wells,  Jr.,  Daniel. — He  was  born 
in  Maine ;  received  a  good  English  edu 
cation  ;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in  1836 ; 
became  extensively  engaged  at  Milwaukee 
in  the  business  of  banking  and  lumbering ; 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Wisconsin,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Wells,  John. — He  was  born  in  New 
York,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853. 

Wells,  John  S.—  He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  New  Hampshire,  from 
January  to  March,  in  1855,  by  executive 
appointment.  He  fllled  many  local  offices, 
and  died  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  in 
1860,  aged  fifty-six  years. 

Wells,  William,  H. — He  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  Delaware,  from 
1799  to  1804,  when  he  resigned,  and  again 
from  1813  to  1817;  he  died  March  11, 
1829. 

Wendover,  Peter  JET.— He  was  born 
in  New  York  City ;  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly,  from  the  City  of  New 
York,  in  1804;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1815  to 
1821. 

Wentworlh,  John.— He  was   born 


in  Sandwich,  New  Hampshire,  March  5, 
1815 ;  and  was  the  grandson  of  John  Went- 
worth,  Jr.,  who  was  in  the  old  Congress, 
and  who  signed  the  original  Articles  of 
Confederation  for  New  Hampshire.  He 
was  educated  at  Dartmouth  College,  and 
shortly  after  graduating,  in  183(j,  emi 
grated  to  the  West,  and  settled  in  Chica 
go,  Illinois ;  was  among  the  first  who 
took  an  interest  in  securing  a  city  charter 
for  the  town ;  and,  in  a  short  time,  con 
nected  himself  with  the  "  Chicago  Dem 
ocrat,"  which  was  long  the  official  journal 
of  the  city,  and  which  he  conducted  as 
proprietor  and  editor  for  twenty-five 
years.  Before  becoming  fully  engaged 
in  politics  he  studied  law,  and,  having 
finished  his  course  at  Harvard,  came  to 
the  bar  in  1841.  In  1837  he  became  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Education,  and 
continued  in  that  position,  when  not  in 
public  life,  for  many  years ;  and  he  was 
a  Representative,  from  Illinois,  to  the 
Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth, 
Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Congress 
es,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Territo 
ries  and  Commerce.  In  1857  and  1860  he 
was  Mayor  of  Chicago ;  was  a  member 
of  tlie  "  State  Constitutional  Convention  " 
of  1861;  in  1864  he  was  appointed  one  of 
the  Police  Commissioners  of  Chicago ; 
and  was  subsequently  re-elected  for  the 
sixth  term  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Ways  and 
Means,  and  Roads  and  Canals.  In  1867 
he  received  from  Dartmouth  College  the 
degree  of  LL.D.,  and  subsequently  made 
a  donation  to  the  college  of  ten  thousand 
dollars. 

Wentworth,  Jr.,  John. — He  was 

born  in  Sommersworth,  New  Hampshire, 
July  17,  1745;  graduated  at  Harvard  Uni 
versity  in  1768;  studied  law  and  adopted 
the  profession,  but,  upon  the  organization 
of  Stratford  County,  lie  received  from  his 
relative,  Governor  John  Wentworth,  the 
appointment  of  Register  of  Probate, 
which  office  he  held  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  at  Dover,  New  Hampshire,  Jan 
uary  10,  1787,  from  consumption,  growing 
out  of  an  attack  of  small-pox.  He  settled 
at  Dover  early  in  life,  and  was  for  a  while 
the  only  lawyer  in  his  county.  He  was 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  State  Leg 
islature,  from  1776  to  1780,  when  he  took 
the  place  of  his  deceased  father,  also 
named  John,  in  the  Council,  where  he  re 
mained  until  1784,  his  father  having  also 
been  President  of  the  first  Revolutionary 
Assembly  in  New  Hampshire,  and  also  a 
Colonel  in  the  Army.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  State  Senate  from  1784  until  his 
death;  was  an  active  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  of  Safety  during  the  Revolution; 
was  a  Delegate,  from  New  Hampshire,  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  the  years  1778, 
and  1779,  serving  four  sessions,  and  was 
one  of  the  signers  of  the  Articles  of  Con 
federation.  He  left  a  sou,  named  Paul, 


LIOGEAPIIICAL    RECORDS. 


409 


who  was  the  father  of  John  Wentworth, 
the  Representative  iu  Congress  from  Illi 
nois. 

Wentworth,    Tappan.  —  He    was 

born  in  Dover,  New  Hampshire,  Febru 
ary  24,  1802;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from 
1853  to  1855.  He  followed  the  law  as  a 
profession,  and  was  President  of  the 
Common  Council  of  Lowell  in  1842;  and 
served  four  years  in  the  State  Senate. 
He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadel 
phia  "Loyalists'  Convention"  of  1866. 

WestbrooJv,  John.—  He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1841 
to  18431 

WestbrooJe,  Theodoric  JR.  —  He  was 

a  native  of  New  York,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1853  to  1855. 

Westcott,  James  Z>.—  He  was  born 
at  Alexandria,  Virginia,  in  May,  1802.  He 
removed  with  his  father  to  New  Jersey, 
and  was,  at  an  early  age,  admitted  to  the 
bar  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  that  State, 
where  he  practised  his  profession  until 
1829;  and  lie  afterwards  held,  for  a  short 
time,  a  position  in  the  Consular  Bureau  of 
the  State  Department  at  Washington.  He 
was  appointed,  by  President  Jackson,  Sec 
retary  of  the  Territory  of  Florida,  and  held 
the  office  four  years,  performing  the  du 
ties  of  the  Governor  during  his  temporary 
absence.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Territo 
rial  Legislature  in  1832.  He  was  ap 
pointed  United  States  District  Attorney 
for  the  middle  district  of  the  Territory, 
which  office  he  held  until  1836.  He  was 
again  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  and  a 
member  of  the  Convention  for  framing  a 
State  Constitution  in  1838  and  183!).  On 
the  admission  of  Florida  into  the  Union 
as  a  State,  in  1845,  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  and  served  until 
1849. 

Westerlo,   Hensselaer.  —  He   was 

born  in  New  York,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1817  to  1819. 

Wethered,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1845. 


y,  Kellian  V.  —  Was  born  in 
Onoudaga  County,  New  York,  May  6, 
1821.  While  yet  young,  he  removed  with 
tis  father  to  Ohio,  received  a  limfted 
education,  and,  when  twenty-one  years 
old,  settled  in  Western  Virginia,  devoting 
himself  to  the  lumber  and  mercantile  busi 
ness.  When  the  Rebellion  broke  out  he 
took  the  Union  side  of  the  question,  and 


was  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Inva 
lid  Pensions.  He  afterwards  acted  as  an 
Aid  to  Governor  Pierpoint  in  organizing 
and  equipping  regiments,  and  was  in 
command  at  the  battle  of  Guyandotte, 
when  he  was  taken  prisoner,  in  Novem 
ber,  1861.  After  travelling  with  his  cap 
tors  sixty  miles  towards  Richmond,  he 
made  his  escape,  and  arrived  safely  at  Cat- 
lettsburg,  Kentucky,  and  was  soon  able  to 
resume  his  seat  in  the  House  of  Represent 
atives.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Invalid  Pensions,  and  as 
a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Agricul 
ture.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
"Baltimore  Convention"  of  1864.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Revolutionary  Claims,  and  as  a  member 
of  that  on  the  Death  of  President  Lincoln. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  National 
Committee  appointed  to  accompany  the 
remains  of  President  Lincoln  to  Illinois. 
In  1868  he  was  appointed  Collector  at  San 
tiago,  Texas. 

Whallon,  Reuben.— Born  in  New 
Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1833  to  1835, 
and  died  in  Essex  County,  New  York, 
April  15,  1843,  aged  sixty-six  years. 

Wharton,  Jesse. — He  represented 
the  State  of  Tennessee  in  Congress,  from 
1807  to  1809,  and  was  a  United  States 
Senator  in  1814  and  1815,  when  he  was 
superseded  by  J.  Williams.  He  died  at 
Nashville,  July  22,  1833. 

Wharton,  Samuel.— He  was  a  Del 
egate,  from  Delaware,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1782  to  1783. 

Wlieaton,  Horace. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847. 

Wheaton,  Laban.—lle  was  born  at 
Marshfleld,  Massachusetts,  and  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1774.  He  studied 
both  theology  and  law.  He  was  a  County 
Judge,  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  1809  to  1817.  He  died  at  Norton, 
Massachusetts,  March  23,  1846,  aged  nine 
ty-two  years. 

Wheeler.  Ezra.— lie  was  born  in 
Chcnango  County,  New  York,  in  1820; 
emigrated  to  Berlin,  Wisconsin,  in  1849; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  iu  1852  he 
was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Wiscon 
sin  ;  in  1854  he  was  elected  to  the  office  of 
County  Judge,  holding  the  same  for  eight 
years ;  and  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Wisconsin,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  ou 
the  District  of  Columbia. 


410 


BIOGRAPHICAL   EECOUDS. 


Wheeler,  Grattan  H. — He  was  a 

native  of  New  York,  and  a  Itepresentative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1831  to 
1833.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the  State 
Assembly,  from  Steuben  County,  for  four 
years,  and  one  year  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate. 

Wlieeler,  John.—  Born  in  1823,  at 
Darby,  Connecticut;  received  a  good 
commercial  education,  and  at  the  age  of 
twenty  entered  the  mercantile  business  in 
New  York  City ;  he  subsequently  engaged 
in  hotel-keeping,  which  he  followed  at  the 
time  of  his  election,  and  during  his  service 
as  a  member  of  Congress,  having  been  a 
Representative  from  1853  to  1857,  from 
New  York. 

Wheeler,    William,   A. — Born   in 

Malone,  Franklin  County,  New  York,  in 
1820;  was  a  member  of  the  class  of  1842 
of  the  University  of  Vermont,  but  did  not 
graduate ;  adopted  the  profession  of  law ; 
in  1850  and  1851  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  in  1857  and  1858  to  the 
State  Senate ;  and  in  I860  he  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress.  He  was  for 
many  years  engaged  in  the  banking  busi 
ness,  and  was  President  of  the  Ogdens- 
burg  and  Rouse's  Railroad  Company.  He 
was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention"  of  1867,  and  was 
.elected  its  President. 

Whipple,  Thomas.— lie  was  born 
in  Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts;  was 
bred  a  physician,  and  served  the  State  of 
New  Hampshire,  as  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  1821  to  1829.  He  died  at 
Wentworth,  New  Hampshire,  January  23, 
1835,  aged  fifty  years. 

Wfiipple,  William.— Born  in  Kit- 
tcry,  Maine,  in  1730;  was  educated  at  a 
common  English  school ;  commenced  ac 
tive  life  as  a  sea-captain;  in  1759  he  set 
tled  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  in 
the  mercantile  business;  in  1775  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Provincial  Congress ;  in 
1776  of  the  Provincial  Council ;  and  was  a 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  from  1776  to  1779, 
and  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence.  In  1777  he  entered  the 
army,  served  with  distinction  in  several 
campaigns,  and  rose  to  be  a  Brigadier- 
General;  in  1782  he  was  appointed  Finan 
cial  Receiver  for  New  Hampshire,  serv 
ing  two  years,  when  he  resigned ;  and  also 
held  the  offices  of  Judge  of  the  Superior' 
Court,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  and 
Quorum ;  and  was  a  Commissioner  on 
behalf  of  Connecticut  to  settle  the  land 
difficulties  in  Wyoming  Valley.  Died  No 
vember  28,  1785. 

Whitcomb,  James. — Was  born  in 
1795.  He  removed  with  his  father  to 


Ohio,  in  1806 ;  had  a  country-school  educa 
tion,  and  prepared  himself  for  college  by 
teaching  school,  and  graduated  at  Tran 
sylvania  University  with  the  highest 
honors.  He  studied  law,  and  settled  in 
practice  in  Bloomington,  Indiana,  in  1824. 
In  1826  he  was  appointed  Prosecuting 
Attorney,  and  in  1830  was  chosen  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Senate,  and  served  five 
years.  He  was  appointed  Commissioner 
of  the  General  Land  Office  in  183G;  and  in 
1841  returned  to  the  practice  of  his  pro 
fession  at  Tcrre  Haute,  Indiana;  in  1843 
he  was  chosen  Governor  of  the  State,  and 
was  re-elected  in  184G.  Ho  was  elected 
a  Senator  of  the  United  States  in  1849, 
for  the  term  ending  in  1855,  which  posi 
tion  he  held  until  his  death,  which  oc 
curred  in  New  Yoi-k,  October  4,  1852.  He 
was  much  interested  in  tho  American 
Bible  Society,  of  which  association  he  was 
Vice-President. 

White,  Addison. — lie  was  born  in 

Kentucky,   and  was  a  Representative  in 

Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

White,  Albert  S.  —  Was  born  in 
Blooming  Grove,  Orange  County,  New 
York,  October  24,  1803 ;  •  graduated  at 
Union  College  in  1822 ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  at  Newburg,  in 
1825 ;  removed  to  Indiana  in  1829 ;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1837  to  1839 ;  was  a  Sen 
ator  in  Congress,  from  1839  to  1845 ;  dur 
ing  his  service  in  Congress,  he  was  in 
strumental  in  securing  grants  of  land  for 
the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal ;  and,  after 
leaving  Congress,  he  abandoned  politics, 
and  turned  his  attention  to  the  railroad 
business,  becoming  President  of  the  Wa 
bash  and  Indianapolis,  and  of  the  Lake 
Erie,  Wabash,  and  St.  Louis  Companies. 
Earlier  in  life  he  was  for  five  years  Clerk 
of  the  Indiana  House  of  Representatives; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Indiana,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs,  and  Chairman  of  a  Select 
Committee  on  Emancipation.  After  leav 
ing  Congress,  he  was  appointed,  by  Pres 
ident  Lincoln,  a  Commissioner  to  settle 
certain  claims  against  the  Sioux  Indians. 
In  January,  1864,  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Lincoln,  Judge  of  the  District 
Court  of  Indiana.  He  died  in  Stockwell, 
Indiana,  September  4,  1864. 

White,  Alexander.— lie  was  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress,  from 
North  Carolina,  from  1786  to  1788,  and  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  1789  to 
1793,  and  distinguished  for  his  eloquence 
and  patriotism.  He  died  at  Woodville, 
Virginia,  in  1804,  aged  sixty-six  years. 
He  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for  lo 
cating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


411 


White,  Alexander.— lie  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and,  having  settled  in  Alabama, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1851  to  1853. 

White,  Allison. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  December  21,  1816;  re 
ceived  a  common-school  education;  stud 
ied  law,  and  practised  his  profession  for 
twelve  years.  He  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congress,  from  the  fifteenth  Con 
gressional  District  of  that  State,  and  was 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Expendi 
tures  on  the  Public  Buildings. 

White,  Bartoiv  W.—  He  was  born 
in  Westchester  County,  New  York;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1825  to  1827. 

WJiite,  Benjamin.— He  was  born  in 
Maine;  a  farmer  by  occupation;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1844  to  1845.  During  the 
years  1841  and  1842  he  was  also  a  member 
of  the  Maine  Legislature. 

White,  Campbell  JP.— Was  born  in 
New  York;  for  many  years  a  prominent 
merchant  in  that  city;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1829  to  1835.  He  also  took  a  lead 
ing  part  in  the  "  New  York  Convention  " 
of  184G.  He  died  February  12,  1859, 
leaving  an  exalted  reputation  for  abilities, 
and  sterling  qualities  of  heart  and  man 
ners. 

White,  Chilton  A.—  Was  born  in 
Georgetown,  Brown  County,  Ohio,  Feb 
ruary,  1826;  studied  law  with  General 
Thomas  L.  Hamer,  under  whom  he  served 
one  year  as  a  private  soldier  in  Mexico ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  set 
tled  in  his  native  town.  In  1852  and  1853 
he  was  the  Prosecuting  Attorney  for 
Brown  County;  in  1859  and  1860  was 
chosen  a  Senator  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
but  before  the  expiration  of  his  second 
term  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Pub 
lic  Expenditures.  He  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committees  on  Manufactures,  and  Ex 
penditures  in  the  Post  Office  Department. 

White,  David. — He  was  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Kentucky, 
and  represented  that  State  in  Congress 
from  1823  to  1825.  He  died  in  Franklin 
County,  Kentucky,  February  17, 1835,  aged 
fifty  years. 

WJiite,  Edward  D.—  Governor  of 
Louisiana,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  that  State,  from  1829  to  1834, 
t\nd  again  from  1839  to  1843.  His  popu 


larity  was  great  and  well  deserved.  He 
died  in  New  Orleans,  April  18,  1347. 

White,  Francis. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia,  his 
native  State,  from  1813  to  1815. 

WJiite,  Hugh. — He  was  born  in  New 
York,  followed  the  plough  until  he  was 
nineteen  years  of  age,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  froio  his  native 
State,  from  1845  to  1851. 

WJiite,  Hugh  Laivson.  —  lle  was 

born  in  Iredell  County,  North  Carolina, 
October  30,  1773;  removed  with  his  father 
to  Knox  County,  Tennessee,  in  1786 ;  vol 
unteered  as  a  private  soldier  during  the 
Indian  hostilities  in  1792.  In  1794  he  went 
to  Philadelphia,  and  pursued  a  course  of 
mathematical  studies,  and  then  went  to 
Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  and  studied  law. 
He  commenced  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion  at  Knoxville,  in  1796.  In  1801  he  was 
appointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State  and  served  until  1807.  In  1808 
lie  was  appointed  District  Attorney,  and 
in  1809  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate ;  he 
again  served  six  years  in  the  Supreme 
Court  as  Judge,  and  in  1815  was  chosen 
President  of  the  State  Bank  of  Tennessee. 
In  1820  he  was  again  a  member  of  the 
State  Senate,  and  about  that  time  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Monroe,  a  Commis 
sioner  to  adjust  the  claims  of  our  citizens 
against  Spain.  He  was  elected  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  1825  to  1835,  and  from 
1836  to  1840,  serving  on  one  occasion  as 
President  pro  tern,  of  the  Senate,  and  on 
important  committees.  At  the  election  for 
President  of  the  United  States,  in  1836, 
he  received  all  the  votes  (twenty-six)  of 
Georgia  and  Tennessee.  He  resigned  his 
seat  in  the  Senate  in  1839,  having  re 
ceived  instructions  to  vote  against  his 
own  judgment.  Soon  after  reaching  his 
home,  in  Knoxville,  he  died  April  10, 1840. 

White,  James.— Tie  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee, 
from  1792  to  1794.' 

White,  John.— He  was  born  in  1805; 
served,  from  1835  to  1845,  as  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress  from  Kentucky,  and 
was  Speaker  of  the  House  during  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress.  He  was  Judge 
of  the  "Nineteenth  Judicial  District  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Rich 
mond,  Kentucky,  by  suicide,  September 
22,  1845.  His  talents  and  attainments 
were  of  a  high  order. 

White,  Joseph  L.— Was  born  in 
Cherry  Valley,  New  York;  studied  law  in 
Utica,  and  settled  in  Indiana ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1841  to  1843.  After  leaving  Con 
gress  he  settled  in  New  York  City,  and 
practised  his  profession  with  success.  He 


412 


BIOGRAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


subsequently  entered  into  an  India-rubber 
speculation,  and,  while  on  a  business  visit 
to  Nicaragua,  he  was  shot  by  a  drunken 
man,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  died  in 
January,  1861. 

White,  Joseph  M.—Hc  was  born  in 
Franklin  County,  Kentucky,  and  was  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Florida,  from  1823  to  1837,  and  died  at 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  October  18,  1839, 
while  on  a  visit  to  his  brother.  He  was 
an  eminent  lawyer,  and  noted  for  his  elo 
quence  and  acquirements. 

White,  Joseph  W.—Was  born  in 
Cambridge,  Guernsey  County,  Ohio,  Octo 
ber  2,  1822;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the 
bar  in  1844 ;  in  1845  and  1847  he  was  ap 
pointed  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  his 
native  county ;  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Mileage,  and  Expenditures  in  the  Treasury 
Department. 

White,  Leonard. — Born  in  Haver- 
hill,  Massachusetts,  in  1767.  He  was  a 
fellow-student  of  John  Quincy  Adams,  and 
at  Harvard  they  were  of  the  class  of  1787. 
He  was  for  many  years  Town  Clerk  and 
Treasurer,  and  represented  his  town  in 
the  Legislature,  and  his  district  in  Con 
gress,  from  1811  to  1813,  and  then  he  was 
appointed  Cashier  of  the  Merrimack  Bank, 
which  office  he  held  until  the  infirmities 
of  age  obliged  him  to  retire.  He  died  in 
Haverhill,  October  10,  1849. 

White,  Phillips. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  Hampshire,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  in  1782  and  1783. 

White,  Phineas. — He  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College  in  1797,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ver 
mont,  from  1821  to  1823.  He  was  Register 
of  Probate  in  the  town  of  Pomfret,  from 
1800  to  1809;  County  Attorney  in  1813; 
served  eight  years  in  the  two  branches  of 
the  State  Legislature;  and  died  in  1847, 
aged  seventy-seven  years.  He  was  born 
in  Hampshire  County,  Massachusetts. 

White,  Samuel.  —  Was  a  United 
States  Senator,  from  Delaware,  from  1801 
until  his  death  which  occurred  at  Wil 
mington,  Delaware,  November  4,  1809, 
aged  thirty-nine  years. 

Whitehall,  James. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1813  to  1814,  when  he  resigned. 
He  was  also  Judge  of  a  County  Court,  and 
a  General  of  Militia.  Died  at  Strasburg, 
Pennsylvania,  March  5,  1822,  at  a  very 
advanced  age. 

Whitehill,  John. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 


from   1803  to   1807.      Died  in  1815,  aged 
ninety-four  years. 

Whitehill,  Robert. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1805  to  1813,  the  year  in  which 
he  died. 

Whiteley,  William  G.—  Born  in 
Newark,  New  Castle  County.  Delaware, 
graduated  at  Nassau  Hall,  Princeton,  in 
1838.  He  was  a  lawyer  by  profession,  and 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  from  Delaware,  serving  as 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Agricul 
ture.  He  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the  same 
Committee,  and  also  on  the  Special  Com 
mittee  of  Thirty-three  on  the  Rebellious 
States. 

Whiteside,    Jenkins.— Tie  was  a 

Senator  in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from 
1809  to  1811,  and  died  September  24,  1822. 

Whiteside,  John. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1815  to  1819. 

Whitefleld,  J.  W. — He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and  was  a  Delegate,  from  the 
Territory  of  Kansas,  to  tha  Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Whitman,  EzeJciel.—Eorn  in  East 
Bridge  water,  Massachusetts,  March  11, 
1776;  graduated  at  Brown  University  in 
1795 ;  settled  as  a  lawyer  in  the  District  of 
Maine  in  1798;  he  was  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Common  Pleas  and  also  of  the  Su 
perior  Court  of  Maine,  presiding  as  such 
for  twenty-five  years ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Massachu 
setts,  from  1809  to  1811,  and  from  1817  to 
1821;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Maine  from  1821  to  1823.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  Executive  Coun 
cil  of  Maine  in  1815  and  1816,  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Convention  to  form  a  Constitu 
tion  in  1819.  Died  in  East  Bridgewater, 
Massachusetts,  August  1,  1866. 

Whitman,  Lemuel.  —  He  YK-SS  a 
graduate  of  Yale  College  in  1800;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Con 
necticut,  from  1823  to  1824;  and  died  at 
Farmingtou,  November  18,  1841. 

WJiitneji,  Thomas  R. — He  was  born 
in  New  York  City  in  1804;  served  two 
years  in  the  Assembly  of  that  State,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1855  to  1857.  He  de 
voted  much  of  his  life  to  literary  pursuits, 
having  been  at  one  time  editor  of  the 
New  York  "  Sunday  News,"  and  was  the 
author  of  a  poem  called  the  "Ambus 
cade,"  and  a  political  work  entitled  "  The 
American  Policy  Vindicated."  He  died 
April  12,  1858. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECOEDS. 


413 


WJiittemore,  Ellas. — He  was  born 
in  Rockingham  County,  New  Hampshire, 
and  was  a  Kepresentative  in  Congress, 
from  New  York,  from  1825  to  1827. 

Whittlesey,  Ellsha.  —  He  was  born 
in  Washington,  Connecticut,  October  19, 
1783 ;  lie  spent  a  part  of  his  boyhood  on  a 
farm  ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
studied  law;  and  in  1806  removed  to  the 
Western  Keserve  of  Ohio,  from  which 
district  he  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1823  to  1839.  He  served  in 
the  war  of  1812  as  Aide-de-camp  to  Gen 
eral  E.  Waclsworth;  was  for  sixteen 
years  a  Prosecuting  Attorney;  and  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1820 
and  in  1821.  He  was  appointed,  by  Pres 
ident  Harrison,  Auditor  for  the  Post  Of 
fice  Department,  and,  by  President  Tay 
lor,  was  appointed  First  Comptroller  of 
the  Treasury,  which  oflice  he  continued 
to  hold  until  the  accession  of  President 
Buchanan.  He  was  reappointed  to  the 
same  position,  by  President  Lincoln,  in 
1861.  Died  in  Washington,  January  7, 
18G3. 

Whittlesey,  Frederick.  —  He  was 

born  in  Washington,  Connecticut,  in 
June,  1799;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1818;  studied  law,  and  Avas  admitted  to 
the  bar  at  Utica,  New  York,  in  1821 ;  set 
tled  in  Rochester  in  1822;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  1831  to  1835; 
in  183!»  he  was  chosen  Vice-Chancellor  of 
the  Eighth  Judicial  District  of  New  York, 
and  retained  the  office  eight  years;  he 
was  also  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State;  and  in  1850  he  was  elected 
Professor  of  Law  in  Genesee  College. 
He  died  in  Rochester,  New  York,  Septem 
ber  19,  1851. 

Whittlesey,  Thomas  T.— He  was 

born  in  Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1817;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  his  native  State, 
from  1S3G  to  1839. 

Whittlesey,  William  A.  —  He  was 

born  in  Connecticut;  graduated  at  Yale 
College;  studied  law,  and  settled  in 
practice  in  Ohio ;  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1849  to  1851. 

Wick,       William     W.  —  Born     in 

Canonsburg,  Washington  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  February  23,  1796.  He  received 
a  classical  education,  and  was  pursuing  a 
collegiate  course  when  the  death  of  his 
father  threw  him  upon  his  own  re 
sources  ;  he  then  followed  the  occupation 
of  a  teacher,  and  devoted  his  leisure  hours 
to  the  study  of  medicine  until  1818,  when 
he  was  induced  to  adopt  the  law  as  his  pro 
fession,  and  prosecuted  his  studies  with 
the  Hon.  Thomas  Corwin,  and  located, 
for  practice,  in  Fayette  County,  Indiana, 


in  1820.  He  was  that  year  Assistant 
Clerk  of  the  House  of  Representatives, 
and  in  1821  Assistant  Secretary  of  the 
State  Senate.  In  1822  he  was  chosen 
President  Judge  of  the  Fifth  Judicial  Cir 
cuit,  and  in  1825  became  Secretary  of 
State;  in  1829  he  was  Attorney  for  the 
State  in  the  same  circuit,  from  Avliich  of 
fice  he  retired  in  1831,  and  was  again 
President  Judge  for  three  years  ;  in  1839 
he  was  elected  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  and  again  in  1845  and  1847;  in  1850 
he  was  again  chosen  President  Judge,  and 
from  1853  to  1857  Postmaster  at  Indian 
apolis.  He  served  in  the  Militia  of  the 
State  as  Brigadier-General,  Quartermas 
ter  and  Adjutant-General.  In  1857  he  re 
sumed  the  practice  of  the  legal  profession. 
Died  at  home  in  May,  1868. 

WicJces,  Eliphalet. — He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1805  to  1807. 

WicJcliffe,    Charles    A.— He    was 

born  in  Bardstown,  Kentucky,  June  8, 
1788;  was  educated  at  the  Bardstown 
grammar-school;  studied  law,  and  at 
tained  a  high  position  at  the  bar.  In  1812 
he  was  appointed  Aide-de-camp  to  Gen 
eral  Winlock,  and  during  the  same  year 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and 
re-elected  in  1813.  He  Avas  at  the  battle 
of  the  Thames  as  Aid  to  General  Cald- 
well,  after  which  he  \vas  again  elected  to 
the  Legislature,  where  he  continued  until 
elected  to  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  in 
1823,  and  to  which  he  was  four  times  re- 
elected.  He  Avas  for  several  sessions 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands.  On  his  retirement  from  Congress, 
in  1833,  he  Avas  again  elected  to  the  Leg 
islature,  and  Avas  Speaker  in  1834;  in 
1836  he  Avas  elected  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  Kentucky;  on  the  death  of  Governor 
Clark,  in  1839,  he  became  Acting  Govern 
or,  and  in  1841  Avas  appointed  Postmas 
ter-General  by  President  Tyler.  In  1845 
he  Avas  sent,  by  President  Polk,  on  a  secret 
mission  to  Texas,  to  look  after  annexa 
tion  ;  in  1849  he  Avas  a  member  of  the 
Convention  called  to  revise  the  State  Con 
stitution;  and  in  1861  he  once  again 
became  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Kentucky,  having  previously  occupied  a 
scat  in  the  "Peace  Convention"  of  Feb 
ruary  in  that  year,  and  served  to  the 
close  of  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress.  He 
Avas  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago  Con 
vention"  of  1866. 

Widgery,  William.— He  Avas  Lieu 
tenant  of  a  Privateer  in  the  Revolutionary 
Avar;  served  in  the  Massachusetts  Legis 
lature  in  178'.),  1791,  1793,  1794,  and  1797; 
a  State  Councillor  in  180G  and  1807; 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Picas  i'rom 
1813  to  1822;  and  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Massachusetts,  from  1S11 


414 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


to  1813.  He  was  born  in  Philadelphia  in 
1753,  and  died  in  Boston,  August  7,  1822. 

Wigfall,  Leivis  T.— He  was  a  Sen 
ator  iu  Congress,  from  Texas,  from  1859 
until  that  State  seceded,  when  he  became 
identified  with  the  great  Rebellion  as  a 
Brigadier-General.  Was  expelled  from 
the  Senate  in  July,  1861 ;  and  after  the  war 
he  settled  in  London. 

Wilbur,  Isaac. — Born  in  Rhode  Isl 
and  ;  was  for  many  years  Chief  Justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State,  and  in 
180G  was  Acting  Governor.  He  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Rhode 
Island,  from  1807  to  1809. 

Wilcox,  Jeduthun.  —  Born  in  New 
Hampshire  in  17G9,  and  died  at  Orford, 
in  the  same  State,  in  July,  1838.  He  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  1813  to 
1817. 

Wilcox,  John  A. — He  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  and,  on  removing  to  Mis 
sissippi,  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1851  to 
1853. 

Wilcox,  Leonard. — He  was  a  native 
of  New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College  in  1817 ;  was  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature ;  was  a  Judge  of  the 
Superior  Court;  and  was  a  Senator  iix 
Congress,  from  New  Hampshire,  during 
the  years  1812  and  1843.  He  died  in  1850, 
aged  fifty  years. 

Wilde,  Richard  Henri/. — He  was 

born  in  the  City  of  Dublin,  Se'ptember  24, 
1789.  His  childhood  was  passed  in  Balti 
more.  His  father  having  died,  he  ob 
tained  the  rudiments  of  learning  from  his 
mother  and  a  private  tutor,  and  in  his 
eleventh  year  was  placed  as  a  clerk  in  a 
store;  in  1802  he  went  with  his  mother  to 
Augusta,  Georgia,  and  the  twain  obtained 
a  living  by  merchandising,  in  a  small  way, 
the  boy  devoting  all  his  leisure  to  books. 
Under  many  difficulties  he  studied  law, 
and  practised  with  success ;  also  devoted 
himself  to  polite  literature ;  as  an  Advo 
cate  he  rose  to  eminence;  was  made  At 
torney-General  of  Georgia;  and,  in  1815, 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State;  was  re-elected  in  1823, 
and  again  in  1827,  serving  with  marked 
ability  until  1835.  After  leaving  Congress 
he  visited  Europe,  and  and  on  his  return 
devoted  hinvelf  to  literature,  politics,  and 
law.  In  1843  he  removed  to  New  Orleans, 
where  he  added  to  his  reputation  as  a 
lawyer,  and  was  elected  Professor  of 
Constitutional  Law  in  the  University  of 
Louisiana.  lie  died  in  New  Orleans,  Sep 
tember  10,  1847,  leaving  a  reputation 
composed  of  the  elements  of  the  states 
man,  the  orator,  and  the  poet.  One  of  his 
lyrics,  entitled  "My  Life  is  like  a  Summer 


Rose,"  attracted  the  praise  of  Lord  Byron. 
His  literary  productions  were  quite  nu 
merous,  and  they  all  bear  the  impress  of  a 
gifted  and  highly  educated  mind.  His 
principal  work  was  a  "Life  of  Tasso," 
which  evinced  his  familiarity  with  Italian 
literature,  and  gave  him  a  rank  among  the 
best  scholars. 

Wilder,  A.  Carter.— He  was  bora 
in  Mendon,  Worcester  County,  Massachu 
setts,  March  18,  1828;  in  1850  removed  to 
Rochester,  New  York,  and  in  1857  to  Kan 
sas,  where  he  was  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Chicago 
Convention"  in  1860;  and  in  1802  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Kansas,  to 
the  Thirty- eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs.  He  was 
also  a  Delegate  to  the  "Baltimore  Con 
vention"  of  1864. 

Wildman,  Zalmon. — He  was  from 
Dan  bury,  Connecticut;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative  in  Confess,  from  that 
State,  from  1835  to  1836.  He  died  at 
Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  De 
cember  10,  1835,  before  the  expiration  of 
his  term. 

WildricJc,  Isaac. — He  was  born  in 
New  Jersey;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1849  to 
1853. 

Wile}/,  James  S.—  He  was  born  in 
Maine;  graduated  at  \Vaterville  College 
iu!836;  studied  law;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from 
1847  to  1849. 

Willcin,  James  W.— Born  in  1762; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1785; 
was  a  member  of  the  Legislature  of  New 
York  in  1800;  and  held  many  other  places 
in  the  gift  of  his  fellow-citizens;  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress  from  1815 
to  1819.  He  died  at  Goshen,  New  York, 
February  23,  1845. 

Wilkin,  Samuel  J.— He  was  bom 

in  New  York;  graduated  at  Princeton  Col 
lege  in  1812 :  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1831  to 
1833  ;  having  been  in  the  State  Assembly, 
from  Orange  County,  in  1824  and  1825. 
He  was  also  the  Whig  candidate  for  Lieu 
tenant-Governor  oa  the  ticket  with  Mil- 
lard  Fillmore.  Died  iu  Goshen,  Orange 
County,  New  York,  March  11,  I860,  aged 
seventj'-six  years. 

WilJcins,  William. — He  was  born 
in  1779 ;  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Pennsylvania,  from  1831  to  1834 ;  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress  from  1813  to  1844; 
Secretary  of  War,  from  1844  to  1845,  under 
President  Tyler ;  and  was  appointed  Min 
ister  Plenipotentiary  to  Russia  in  1834. 
lie  subsequently  held  the  office  of  Judge 


BIOGEAPHICAL    KECOKDS. 


415 


of  the  United  States  District  Court  for 
"Western  Pennsylvania;  and  died  near 
Pittsburgh,  June  23,  1865. 

Wilkinson,  Morton  8.— Was  born 
in  Skeneateles,  Onondaga  County,  New 
York.  January  22,  1819;  received  an  aca 
demical  education,  working  occasionally 
upon  his  father's  farm ;  in  1837  he  removed 
to  Illinois,  and  was  employed  for  two 
years  upon  the  railroad  works  then  com 
menced  in  that  State;  returned  to  his  na 
tive  town,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  after  which  he  removed  to  the 
West  again,  and  settled  at  Eaton  Rapids, 
in  Michigan ;  in  1847  he  settled  in  Minne 
sota,  and  in  1849,  when  that  Territory 
was  organized,  he  was  elected  to  the  Leg 
islature,  and  the  laws  adopted  by  the 
Territory  as  its  code  were  of  his  draught 
ing;  and  in  1859  he  was  chosen  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Minnesota,  for  the  term 
ending  in  18G5,  serving  as  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  on  Revolutionary  Claims, 
and  as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  In 
dian  Aiiairs.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  "Baltimore  Convention"  of  1864,  and 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven- 
vention  "  of  1806. 

Willey,  Calvin. — Born  at  East  Had- 
dam,  Connecticut,  September  15, 1776;  he 
read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1798 ;  he  served  in  the  State  Legislature 
and  Senate  a  number  of  years,  and  was 
Postmaster  at  Stafford  Springs  eight 
years ;  Judge  of  Probate  for  seven  years ; 
in  1824  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector;  and 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  1825  to  1831. 
He  died  at  Stafford,  Connecticut,  August 
23,  1858. 

Willey,  Waitman  T.—  Was  born 
on  Buffalo  Creek,  Monongalia  County, 
Virginia,  October  18,  1811 ;  received  a 
common-school  education,  and  graduated 
at  Madison  College  in  1831 ;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1833 ;  in  1841  he 
was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Monougalia 
County  Court;  subsequently  Clerk  of  the 
Circuit  Court,  holding  the  two  fourteen 
years ;  in  1850  he  was  elected  to  the  Con 
vention  to  reform  the  Constitution  of  Vir 
ginia;  in  1853  he  delivered  a  series  of 
lectures  on  Methodism,  took  part  in  va 
rious  local  societies,  lectured  on  various 
topics,  and  wrote  for  the  reviews ;  in  1858 
he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  National  Con 
vention  "  of  that  year ;  in  the  winter  of 
1860  and  1861  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
"  Richmond  Convention ; "  and  in  1861  he 
was  elected  by  the  reorganized  Legisla 
ture  of  Virginia  a  Senator  in  Congress ; 
and  at  the  close  of  that  year  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Wheeling  "  Constitutional 
Convention ;  "  and  in  1863  he  was  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress  from  West  Vir 
ginia,  serving  on  the  Committees  on  Naval 
Affairs,  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  En 
grossed  Bills.  In  1863  the  degree  of  LL.D. 


was  conferred  upon  him  by  Alleghany 
College  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1864  lie  was 
re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term  com 
mencing  in  1865  and  ending  in  1871,  serv 
ing  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  ou 
Patents  and  the  Patent  Office,  and  also  of 
that  on  Claims.  He  was  also  a  Delegate 
to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Conven 
tion  "of  1866. 

Williams,  Benjamin. — He  was  a 

native  of  North  Carolina;  a  patriot  of  the 
Revolution;  and  a  member  of  Congress 
from  1793  to  1795.  He  also  served  inany 
years  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
twice  elected  Governor  of  North  Carolina, 
in  1799  and  1807.  He  died  in  Moore 
County,  of  that  State. 

Williams,    Christopher  H.  —  He 

was  born  in  Tennessee ;  and  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1837  to  1843,  and  again  from  1849  to  1853. 

Williams,  David   R. — He  was    a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1805  to  1809,  and  again 
from  1811  to  1813,  in  which  year  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Madison,  Briga 
dier-General.  He  was  also  Governor  of 
South  Carolina  from  1814  to  1816. 

Williams,    George   H.  —  He  was 

born  in  Columbia  County,  New  York, 
March  23,  1823 ;  received  an  academical 
education  in  Onondaga  County,  studied 
law,  and  on  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1844  immediately  emigrated  to  Iowa;  in 
1847  he  was  elected  Judge  of  the  first  Ju 
dicial  District  of  that  State ;  was  a  Pres 
idential  Elector  in  1852;  from  President 
Pierce  he  received,  in  1853,  the  appoint 
ment  of  Chief  Justice  of  the  Territory  of 
Oregon,  and  was  reappoiuted  by  Presi 
dent  Buchanan  in  1857,  but  resigned;  was 
a  member  of  the  "Constitutional  Conven 
tion  "  which  preceded  the  formation  of  a 
State  Government;  and  in  1864  he  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ore 
gon,  for  the  term  commencing  in  1865  and 
ending  in  1871,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  the  Judiciary,  on  Claims,  on  Pri 
vate  Land  Claims,  on  Finance,  and  the 
Special  Committees  on  the  Rebellious 
States  and  Retrenchment,  and  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committees  on  the  Expenses 
of  the  Senate  and  Private  Land  Claims. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  National 
Committee  to  accompany  the  remains  of 
President  Lincoln  to  Illinois. 

Williams,  Henry. — He  was  born  in 
Taunton,  Massachusetts,  in  November 
1804;  adopted  the  profession  of  law;  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
that  State,  from  1839  to  1841,  and  from 
1843  to  1845.  He  was  also  a  Senator  for 
two  years ;  and  a  Representative  in  the 
State  Legislature  for  three  years. 


41G 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Williams,  HezeTciah.—lle  was  born 
in  Woodstock,  Windsor  County, Vermont ; 
graduated  at  Dartmouth  College  in  1820; 
studied  law ;  was  llegister  of  Probate 
from  1824  to  1838;  a  State  Senator  from 
1839  to  1811 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1845  to  1849. 
He  died  October  24,  1856,  aged  fifty-eight 
years. 

Williams,  Jr.,  Isaac.— He  was  a 
native  of  New  York;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  that  State, 
from  1814  to  1815,  and  from  1817  to  1819, 
and  again  from  1823  to  1825. 

Williams,  James   W.— He    was  a 

native  of  Maryland,  and  was  for  many 
years  a  prominent  member  of  the  Legis 
lature  of  that  State,  being  for  a  time 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Delegates.  In 
May,  1841,  he  was  elected  to  Congress  as 
a  Representative,  and  continued  a  mem 
ber  of  that  body  until  the  time  of  his 
death,  in  December,  1842.  While  on  his 
way  to  Washington,  December  2,  1843, 
he  was  stricken  with  paralysis,  while  in 
his  carriage,  and  survived  the  attack  but 
a  short  time.  His  age  was  about  fifty- 
five  years. 

Williams,  Jared.—lle  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  Maryland,  March  4, 
1766,  and  died  in  Frederick  County,  Vir 
ginia,  January  2,  1831.  In  1811  he  was 
elected  to  the  House  of  Delegates  of  Vir 
ginia  and  served  a  number  of  years ;  and 
he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Virginia,  from  1819  to  1825.  In  1829  he 
was  a  Presidential  Elector,  voting  for 
General  Jackson,  and  was  appointed,  by 
the  Electoral  College,  to  transmit  the 
vote  to  Washington.  When  not  in  public 
life,  he  was  devoted  to  the  pursuits  of 
agriculture. 

Williams,  Jared  W.~- He  was  born 
in  New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Brown 
University  in  1818 ;  settled  as  a  lawyer  in 
Lancaster;  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837  to 
1841 ;  and  a  Senator  in  Congress  from 
1853  to  1854,  by  appointment,  in  place  of 
C.  G.  Atherton,  deceased.  He  was  Gov 
ernor  of  New  Hampshire  from  1847  to 
1849 ;  served  several  terms  in  the  State 
Legislature ;  and  died  in  Lancaster,  New 
Hampshire,  September  29,  1804. 

Williams,  John.— He  was  a.  Dele 
gate,  from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  from  1787  to  1788,  and 
signed  the  Articles  of  Confederation. 

Williams,  John. — He  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  New  York  Senate,  from  1777  to 
1779,  and  from  1783  to  1795,  from  Wash 
ington  County;  of  the  Assembly  from 
1781  to  1782;  and  a  Representative  in 


Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1795  to 
1799. 

Williams,  John. — He  was  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Tennessee,  from  1815 
to  1823,  and  was  highly  respected  for  his 
talents  and  character.  He  died  at  Kuox- 
ville,  August  7,  1837. 

Williams,  John. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1855  to 
1857. 

Williams,  Joseph  L.— He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1843. 

Williams,  Lemuel.— lie  graduated 
at  Harvard  University  in  1765,  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1799  to  1805.  He  died  in 
1827. 

Williams,  Leivis.—'Born  in  Surry 
County,  North  Carolina;  graduated  at  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  in  1808; 
entered  the  House  of  Comin  >ns  of  his 
native  State  in  1313;  was  re-elected  in 
1814 ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress 
from  1815  to  1842,  where,  for  his  many 
good  qualities  and  his  long  service,  he 
was  known  as  the  "Father  of  the  House." 
He  died  in  Washington,  while  represent 
ing  his  State  in  Congress,  February  23, 
1842,  aged  nearly  sixty  years.  He  was  for 
fifteen  years  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Claims. 

Williams,  Marrnadwlte.  —  Born 
April  6,  1772,  in  Caswell  County,  North 
Carolina;  he  was  a  lawyer  by  profession, 
and  served  as  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  his  native  State,  from  1803  to 
1809.  In  1810  he  removed,  with  his  fam 
ily,  to  Madison  County,  Alabama,  and 
thence  to  Tuscaloosa,  in  1818.  He  was 
repeatedly  elected  to  the  Legislature,  and 
was  a  Delegate,  from  Tuscaloosa  County, 
to  the  Convention  which  formed  the  State 
Constitution.  Was  a  candidate  for  Gov 
ernor,  but  defeated  by  William  W.  Bibb. 
In  1826  was  appointed  a  Commissioner  to 
adjust  the  unsettled  accounts  between 
Alabama  and  Mississippi,  growing  out  of 
their  territorial  relationship.  In  1832  was 
elected  Judge  of  the  County  Court,  which 
office  he  held  until  April,  1842,  when  he 
resigned,  having  attained  the  age  of 
seventy,  which  the  Constitution  declares 
a  disqualification  for  the  bench.  He  died 
in  Tuscaloosa,  October  29,  1850. 

Williams,  Nathan.— He  was  born 
in  New  York;  served  in  the  State  Assem 
bly,  from  Onondaga,  in  1816,  1817,  and 
1818;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  New  York,  from  1805  to  1807. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


417 


Williams,  Rewel. — Born  in  Hallo- 
well  (now  Augusta),  Maine,  June  2,  1783; 
had  an  academic  education,  and  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession.  He  was  a  Repre- 
sentative  and  Senator  in  the  Legislature 
of  Maine  for  twelve  years,  and  a  Senator 
in  Congress  from  1837  to  1843.  He  re 
ceived,  from  Bowdoin  College,  the  degree 
of  LL.D.,  and  was  a  Trustee  of  that 
institution.  He  was  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1836.  Died  at  Augusta  in  1862. 

Williams,  Robert.— He  was  born  in 
Caswell  County,  North  Carolina,  and  bred 
to  the  law.  He  was  the  brother  of  Mar- 
maduke  Williams,  and  distinguished  for 
his  attainments;  was  an  Adjutant-General 
of  North  Carolina,  and  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1797  to 
1803,  and  was  appointed  Commissioner  of 
Land  Titles  in  Mississippi  Territory  in 
1803.  He  was  also  Governor  of  the  Ter 
ritory  of  Mississippi  from  1805  to  1809. 
He  emigrated  to  Tennessee  towards  the 
close  of  his  life  and  died  in  Louisiana. 

Williams,  Sherrod.—lle  was  born 
in  Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1835  to 
1841. 

Williams,  Thomas.— Was  born  in 
Greensburg,  Westmoreland  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  August  28,  1806 ;  graduated  at 
Dickinson  College  in  1825;  studied  law, 
and  came  to  the  bar  in  1828 ;  settled  in 
Pittsburg,  from  which  place  he  was  sent, 
as  Senator  to  the  State  Legislature  in 
1838,  and  the  three  following  years ;  in 
1860  he  was  re-elected  to  the  lower  house 
of  the  Legislature ;  and  in  1862  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Pennsyl 
vania,  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  the  Judiciary. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Judi 
ciary,  and  on  Coinage,  Weights  and 
Measures;  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  serving  on  his  old  committees, 
and  was  one  of  the  Managers  of  the  Im 
peachment  of  Andrew  Johnson. 

Williams,  Thomas  Hill.— Was  a 

native  of  North  Carolina,  and  read  law, 
but  relinquished  the  profession  for  a  clerk 
ship  in  the  War  Department  at  Washing 
ton.  In  1805  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Jefferson,  Register  of  the  Land 
Office,  and  Commissioner  for  deciding 
Land  Claims  in  the  Territory  of  Missis 
sippi  ;  he  subsequently  held  the  office  for 
a  few  years  of  Collector  of  New  Orleans ; 
and  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Mis 
sissippi,  from  1817  to  1831.  Late  in  life 
he  removed  to  Tennessee,  and  there  died. 

Williams,    Thomas  H.—  He  emi 
grated  to  the  northern   part  of  Missis 
sippi  soon  after  the  cession  of  Indian 
territory  in  that  quarter,   and  held  the 
27 


office  of  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Mis 
sissippi,  during  the  years  1838  and  1839, 
by  executive  appointment. 

Williams,  Thomas  Scott.  —  Born 
at  Wethersueld,  Connecticut,  June  26, 
1777;  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1794; 
studied  law  at  Litchfleld;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Wiudham  County,  in  1799, 
and  commenced  practice  at  Mansfield, 
whence  he  removed  to  Hartford  in  1803. 
In  1809  he  was  appointed  Attorney  of  the 
Board  of  Managers  of  the  School  Fund. 
He  represented  the  town  of  Hartford  in 
the  General  Assembly  for  seven  terras, 
from  1813  to  1829 ;  and  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Connecti 
cut,  from  1817  to  1819.  In  1829  he  was 
appointed  an  Associate  Judge  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Errors,  and  in  1834  was 
appointed  Chief  Justice,  and  in  the  same 
year  he  received  the  degree  of  LL.D.  from 
Yale  College.  He  was  Mayor  of  the  City 
of  Hartford  from  1831  to  1835.  In  1847 
he  resigned  his  position  as  Chief  Justice, 
his  term  having  expired  by  constitutional 
limitation.  He  was  for  twenty  years 
President  of  the  American  Asylum  for  the 
Deaf  and  Dumb,  and  Vice  President  fora 
long  time  of  the  Insane  Retreat  at  Hart 
ford,  and  of  the  Board  of  Foreign  Mis 
sions,  and  subsequently  President  of  the 
American  Tract  Society.  He  lived  in  re 
tirement  at  Hartford,  until  December  15, 
1861,  when  he  died,  leaving  a  much-loved 
name  for  his  benevolence.  Elector  in  1848. 

Williams,  Thomas  W.—  Born  in 
Stonington,  Connecticut,  September  28, 
1789;  was  educated  at  Plainfleld  and 
Stonington  Academies;  received  a  com 
mercial  education  in  New  York  City,  and 
was  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in 
New  London,  Connecticut,  for  many  years. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Connecticut,  from  1839  to  1843 ;  a 
member  of  the  Legislature  in  1846 ;  and 
chosen  Presidential  Elector  in  1848. 

Williams,  William.— lie  was  born 
in  Lebanon,  Windham  County,  Connecti 
cut,  April  8,  1731 ;  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1751;  in  1755  he  was  commis 
sioned  as  a  Staff  Officer,  and  after  one  cam 
paign  among  the  Indians,  returned  home 
and  commenced  the  mercantile  business. 
Soon  after  he  was  elected  Town  Clerk,  a 
member  of  the  Assembly  of  Connecticut, 
and  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  was,  for 
nearly  one  hundred  sessions,  member, 
Clerk,  or  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Repre 
sentatives.  At  the  commencement  of  the 
war  he  was  a  member  of  the  Council  of 
Safety;  was  one  of  the  signers  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence ;  and  a  Del 
egate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1776  to  1778,  and  again  in  1783  and  1784. 
When  the  government  Treasury  was 
drained,  he  gave  to  his  country  what  he 
called  his  "  last  mite,"  which  amounted  to 


418 


B1OGEAFIIICAL    EECOKDS. 


more  than  $2,000,  and  ho  was  very  fortu 
nate  in  obtaining  donations  from  others. 
For  forty  years  he  held  the  more  honora 
ble  local  offices  of  his  town  and  county; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  formed  the  first  Constitution  of 
Connecticut.  Died  August  2, 1811,  greatly 
lamented. 

Williams,  William.— He  was  born 
near  Carlisle,  Cumberland  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  May  11,  1821;  received  a  good 
English  education;  adopted  the  profes 
sion  of  law,  and,  on  removing  to  Indiana, 
was  chosen  Treasurer  of  Kosciusko  Coun 
ty  in  1850;  in  1852  was  the  unsuccessful 
Whig  candidate  for  Lieutenant-Governor 
of  the  State;  in  I860  he  was  chosen  by 
the  Legislature  Director  of  the  Northern 
Indiana  State  Prison ;  in  1862  he  was 
commissioned  by  the  Governor,  Com 
mandant  of  Camp  Allen,  with  the  rank  of 
Colonel ;  in  1864  he  was  appointed  an  ad 
ditional  Paymaster  of  the  United  States ; 
and  in  1866  was  elected  a  Representative 
from  Indiana  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  the  Dis 
trict  of  Columbia,  Expenditures  in  the 
War  Department,  and  Education  in  the 
District  of  Columbia. 

Williamson,  Hugh,— Born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  December  5,  1735,  and  died  sud 
denly,  May  22,  1819.  He  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1757 ; 
studied  divinity,  and  preached  two  years ; 
in  1760  was  appointed  Professor  of  Math 
ematics  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania ; 
resigned  in  1764,  and  went  to  Edinburgh 
to  study  medicine ;  on  his  return,  In  1772, 
settled  in  practice  in  his  profession  in 
Philadelphia;  he  again  visited  Europe, 
and  had  much  to  do  with  matters  con 
nected  with  the  Revolution;  he  subse 
quently  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits, 
and  an  accident  took  him  to  Edenton, 
North  Carolina.  With  that  State  he  was 
long  and  honorably  identified.  He  served 
a  number  of  years  in  the  House  of  Com 
mons  ;  also  in  the  Continental  Congress 
from  1782  to  1785,  and  from  1787  to  1788 ; 
was  a  Delegate  to  the  Convention  which 
formed  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  and  signed  the  same ;  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  North  Caro 
lina,  from  1790  to  1793 ;  and  was  one  of 
those  who  voted  for  locating  the  Seat  of 
Government  on  the  Potomac.  In  1811  he 
published  a  work  on  the  Climate  of 
America;  in  1812,  a  History  of  North 
Carolina.;  and  he  was  associated  with  De 
Witt  'Clinton,  in  1814,  in  forming  the 
Literary  and  Philosophical  Society  of 
New  York.  He  enjoyed  the  respect  of  all 
who  knew  him,  and  died  universally  la 
mented. 

Williamson,  William  Z).— Born 
In  Canterbury,  Connecticut,  July  31,  1779; 
graduated  at  Crown  University  in  1804 ; 


studied  and  adopted  the  law  as  a  profes 
sion,  commencing  practice  in  1807,  at 
Bangor;  he  was  for  seven  years  in  the 
Senate  of  Massachusetts,  before  the  sepa 
ration  of  Maine,  also  a  Senator  in  the 
Maine  Legislature  in  1821;  part  of  that 
year  Acting  Governor  of  Maine ;  a  mem 
ber  of  Congress,  from  Maine,  from  1821 
to  1823;  Judge  of  Probate  from  1827  to 
1840;  and  a  Bank  Commissioner  from 
1838  to  1841.  He  was  author,  also,  of  a 
History  of  Maine.  Died  at  Bangor,  May 
27,  1846. 

Willing,  Thomas. — He  was  one  of 

the  first  to  talk  about  resisting  the  Brit 
ish  in  Pennsylvania;  was  Chairman  of  a 
Revolutionary  meeting  in  June,  1774 ;  and 
he  was  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  in  1775  and  1776. 

Willis,  Francis.— He  was  born  in 
Frederick  County,  Virginia,  January  5, 
1825;  received  a  good  education;  and, 
removing  to  Georgia  in  1784,  he  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1791  to  1793.  In  1811  he  took  up 
his  residence  in  Tennessee,  and  led  the  life 
of  a  retired  gentleman.  He  died  in  Maury 
County,  Tennessee,  January  25,  1829. 

Willoughby,Jr.,Westel.—RQ  was 

a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1816  to  1817. 

Wilmot,  David.—  Born  at  Bethany, 
Wayne  County,  Pennsylvania,  January 
20,  1814.  He  was  educated  at  Bethany 
Academy,  and  at  Aurora,  Cayuga  County, 
New  York ;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1834 ;  he  was  a  member  of  Con 
gress  from  1845  to  1851 ;  and  subsequently 
President  Judge  of  the  Thirteenth  Judicial 
District  of  Pennsylvania,  which  position 
he  resigned, but  to  which  he  was  re-elected. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  slavery  proviso, 
which  caused  some  excitement  in  Con 
gress  when  he  was  a  member.  In  1861  he 
was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  where 
he  remained  until  1863,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Foreign  Affairs,  on  Claims, 
and  on  Pensions.  He  was  also  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  "Peace  Congress"  of  1861. 
In  1863  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Lincoln,  a  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Claims ; 
and  died  in  Towanda,  Pennsylvania, 
March  16, 1868. 

Wilson,  Alexander.  —  He  was   a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Vir 
ginia,  from  1804  to  1809. 

Wilson,  Edgar  C.  —  He  was  a  na 
tive  of  Virginia,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1833  to  1835.  Died  at  Morgantown,  Vir 
ginia,  in  May,  1860. 

Wilson,  E.  K.  —  IIe  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1789,  and  wus  a 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


419 


Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary- 
laud,  from  1827  to  1831. 

Wilson,  Henrif, — He  was  born  in 
Daupliiu  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1823  to  1826.  Died  in 
Alleutown,  Pennsylvania,  August  14, 
1826. 

Wilson,  Henr)/ .—Horn.  February  16, 
1812,  iu  Farmingtou,  New  Hampshire; 
was  brought  up  on  a  farm;  and  when 
twenty-one  went  to  Natick, Massachusetts, 
where  he  learned  to  make  shoes.  In  1840 
he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Mas 
sachusetts,  in  which  he  served  four  years, 
and  then  four  years  in  the  State  Senate,  of 
which  he  was  President  two  sessions.  In 
1848  he  became  the  Proprietor  and  Editor 
of  the  "Boston  Republican;  "  in  1852  he 
was  the  Free  Soil  candidate  for  Congress, 
but  was  defeated ;  in  1853  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Conven 
tion,"  and  has  since  then  taken  an  active 
part  in  political  conventions;  and  in  1855 
he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
and  was  re-elected  in  1859  for  a  long  terra. 
From  1842  to  1851  he  was  actively  con 
nected  with  the  Militia  of  Massachusetts 
as  Major,  Colonel,  and  Brigadier-General. 
In  1861  he  raised  the  Twenty-second  Reg 
iment  of  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  of 
which  he  became  Colonel,  and,  after  join 
ing  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  was  made  a 
a  member  of  General  McClellan's  staff,  on 
which  he  served  until  the  meeting  of  Con 
gress.  From  the  commencement  of  the 
war  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Military  Affairs,  which  had  to  pass  on 
eleven  thousand  appointments,  and  to  de 
vise  most  important  measures  of  legisla 
tion  during  the  Rebellion.  In  1856  he 
was  challenged  by  Preston  Brooks,  of 
South  Carolina,  for  pronouncing  his  as 
sault  on  Senator  Sumner  "  murderous, 
brutal,  and  cowardly ; "  but  he  replied 
that,  while  believing  in  the  right  of  self- 
defence,  he  declined  the  challenge,  as 
duelling,  in  his  opinion,  was  a  violation  of 
law,  and  the  relic  of  a  barbarous  age.  He 
was  again  re-elected  to  the  Senate  for  the 
term  commencing  in  1865,  and  ending  in 
1871,  and  was  made  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Pensions,  though  continu 
ing  at  the  head  of  the  Military  Committee, 
and  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Appro 
priations.  He  published  a  work  entitled 
"  Anti-slavery  Measures  in  Congress," 
and  a  History  of  the  Thirty-seventh  and 
Thirty-eighth  Congresses,  as  well  as  of 
the  Congressional  measures  connected 
with  the  prosecution  of  the  war  for  the 
Union.  He  was  the  originator  of  the  bill 
abolishing  slavery  in  the  District  of  Co 
lumbia,  and  also  that  establishing  the 
American  Academy  of  Sciences.  He  was 
also  one  of  the  Senators  designated  by 
the  Senate  to  attend  the  funeral  of  Gen 
eral  Scott  in  1866 ;  and  he  was  also  a  Dele 


gate  to  the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Con 
vention"  of  1866. 

Wilson,  Isaac.—  During  the  war  of 
1812  he  commanded  a  company  of  cavalry, 
and  was  in  some  of  the  severest  actions 
on  the  Northern  frontier.  He  was  subse 
quently  elected  a  member  of  the  Assembly 
of  New  York,  and  also  of  the  Senate.  Ho 
was  elected  a  Representative  in  Congress 
in  1823,  and,  at  the  end  of  his  term,  his 
seat  having  been  successfully  contested  by 
P.  Adams,  was  appointed  first  Judge  of 
Genesee  County,  aud  held  it  until  his  re 
moval  to  Batavia,  Illinois,  where  he  died 
October  25,  1848. 

Wilson,  tTames. — Born  near  St.  An 
drews,  Scotland,  iu  1742;  received  a  classi 
cal  education,  and  had  for  tutors  Doctors 
Blair  and  Watts ;  emigrated  to  Philadel 
phia  in  1766,  and  became  tutor  in  the  col 
lege  of  that  city ;  adopted  the  profession 
of  law,  and  removed  to  Reading,  aud  soon 
afterwards  to  Carlisle ;  lived  a  year  in 
Maryland,  and  then  settled  in  Philadel 
phia;  was  an  active  member  of  a  war  con 
vention  in  1773;  was  a  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress,  from  1775  to  1778, 
in  1782-'83,  and  from  1785  to  1787;  was  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Indepen 
dence;  on  the  commencement  of  hostilities 
he  was  appointed  a  Colonel  in  the  army, 
and  was  a  Commissioner  to  treat  with  the 
Indians.  When  not  in  Congress  he  acted 
as  Advocate-General  for  the  French  na 
tion  ;  was  a  Director  iu  the  Bank  of  North 
America;  was  a  member  of  the  Conven 
tion  to  form  the  Federal  Constitution,  and 
signed  that  instrument;  also  of  that  to 
alter  the  Constitution  of  Pennsylvania. 
In  1789  he  was  appointed  a  Justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States;  in 
1790  he  was  appointed  Law  Professor  in 
the  University  of  Philadelphia;  received 
the  degree  of  LL.D. ;  and  died  August  28, 
1798,  in  Edenton,  North  Carolina,  while 
upon  a  visit  to  that  place.  His  writings 
on  Politics  and  Jurisprudence  enjoy  a 
high  reputation. 

Wilson,  J~ames. —Horn  in  1757; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1789 ; 
was  a  lawyer  by  profession ;  and  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  Hamp 
shire,  from  1809  to  1811.  He  died  at 
Keene,  New  Hampshire,  January  4,  1839. 

Wilson,  James.— He  was  born  in 
York  County,  now  Adams  County,  Penn 
sylvania,  April  28,  1779;  received  a  good 
English  education ;  in  his  fourteenth  year 
he  was  bound  to  learn  the  trade  of  a  cabi 
net-maker,  in  Maryland;  from  1811  to 
1822  he  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace ;  and 
was  a  Representative,  from  Pennsylvania, 
to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twen 
tieth  Congresses,  serving  chiefly  on  the 
Committee  on  Claims.  Soon  after  return 
ing  to  private  life  he  was  again  elected  a 


420 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


Justice  of  the  Peace,  the  duties  of  which 
office  he  continued  to  fill  until  1859.  It  is 
said  of  him  that  he  never  solicited  a  vote 
for  office,  nor  attended  a  political  meeting 
to  promote  his  own  advancement. 

Wilson,  James.  —  He  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire ;  graduated  at  Middlebury 
College  in  1820;  was  Speaker  of  the  State 
House  of  Representatives  in  1828,  and  in 
the  Legislature  a  number  of  years ;  prac 
tised  law  at  Kcene;  was  a  General  of 
Militia ;  and  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  New  Hampshire,  from  1817  to  1849. 
He  subsequently  settled  in  California. 

Wilson,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Crawfordsville,  Montgomery  County,  In 
diana,  April  9,  1822 ;  graduated  at  Wabash 
College  in  18-12 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1845 ;  went  to  Mexico  in  1846  as  a  pri 
vate  in  the  Indiana  regiment,  and  before 
liis  return  home  was  promoted  to  the 
office  of  Quartermaster ;  and  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Indiana,  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Committee  on  Elections.  He  was 
also  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Naval 
Affairs.  In  1866  he  was  appointed,  by  Pres 
ident  Johnson,  Minister  Resident  to  Ven 
ezuela.  Died  in  August,  1867. 

Wilson,  James  F. — Was  born  in 

Newark,  Ohio,  October  19,  1828 ;  resided 
there  until  1853,  when  he  removed  to 
Iowa ;  in  1856  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  Convention  to  revise  the  State  Con 
stitution;  in  1857  he  was  appointed,  by 
the  Governor  of  the  State,  Assistant  Com 
missioner  of  the  l)es  Moines  River  Im 
provement  ;  in  1857  he  was  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature ;  in  1859  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate,  and  in  1861  was 
President  of  the  Senate ;  during  that  year 
he  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Iowa,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  for 
the  uuexpired  term  of  S.  R.  Curtis ;  and 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
the  Judiciary.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  continuing  at  the  head  of 
the  Judiciary  Committee,  serving  as 
Chairman  also  of  that  on  Unfinished  Busi 
ness,  and  as  a  member  of  the  Committee 
on  the  Air-line  Railroad  to  New  York. 
Re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  his  old  committees ;  and  was 
one  of  the  Managers  in  the  Impeachment 
trial  of  Andrew  Johnson. 

Wilson,  James  J".— Born  in  Essex 
County,  New  Jersey ;  for  many  years  edi 
tor  of  the  "  True  American,"  at  Trenton ; 
and  he  was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
New  Jersey,  from  1815  to  1821,  when  he 
resigned,  and  was  appointed  Postmaster 
at  Trenton,  New  Jersey.  He  was  also  for 
many  years  Clerk  of  the  State  Assembly, 
aud  died  July  28,  1824.  He  was  also  at 


one  time  Adjutant-General  of  the  State, 
and  always  a  man  of  influence. 

Wilson,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
1777 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University  in 
1799 ;  studied  law,  and  attained  a  high 
position  in  his  profession ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Massa 
chusetts,  from  1813  to  1815,  and  from 
1817  to  1819.  He  died  at  Belfast,  Maine, 
July  9,  1848. 

Wilson,  John* — He  was  born  in  York 
District,  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1821  to  1827 ;  also  a  Presidential 
Elector  in  1809. 

Wilson,  John  T. — He  was  born  in 
Highland  County,  Ohio,  April  16,  1811; 
received  a  common-school  education,  and 
spent  his  youth  upon  a  farm ;  was  twen 
ty-four  years  engaged  in  mercantile  pur 
suits,  and  then  retired  to  a  farm.  In  1861 
he  raised  a  company  for  the  war,  and  was 
commissioned  as  its  Captain ;  was  subse 
quently  twice  elected  to  the  Ohio  Senate, 
and  in  1866  he  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committees  on  Agriculture, 
and  Roads  and  Canals. 

Wilson,  Nathan. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1808  to  1809. 

Wilson,  Robert, — He  was  appointed 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Missouri, 
taking  his  seat  in  1861,  and  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  Pacific  Railroad.  Con 
tinued  in  the  position  until  November, 
1863.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Phil 
adelphia  "  National  Union  Convention  "  of 
1866. 

Wilson,  Stephen  F.—Ue  was  born 
in  Columbia,  Bradford  County,  Pennsylva 
nia,  September  4,  1821 ;  spent  his  boyhood 
on  a  farm,  and  received  his  education  at 
Wellsboro'  Academy,  where  he  was  an  as 
sistant  teacher  for  one  term ;  he  also,  for 
a  while,  taught  in  a  district  school  at 
Wellsboro' ;  studied  and  adopted  the  pro 
fession  of  law;  was  a  borough  assessor 
for  one  year;  a  school  director  for  six 
years ;  was  a  Senator  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture  in  1863  and  1864,  and  though  returned 
to  the  State  Senate,  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Public  Buildings  and  Grounds.  Re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Enrolled  Bills, 
and  on  that  on  Education  and  Labor. 

Wilson,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Virginia, 
from  1811  to  1813.  Died  January  24, 1826. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


421 


Wilson,  Thomas.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylva 
nia,  from  1813  to"  1817.  Died  at  Erie, 
October  4, 1824,  aged  fifty-three  years. 

Wilson,  William. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1814  to  1819. 

Wilson,  William.— He  was  born  in 
Hillsborough  County.New  Hampshire,  and 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Ohio,  from  1823  to  1827.  Died  in  the  latter 
year,  aged  fifty-five  years. 

Windom,  William.— Born  in  Bel- 
raont  County,  Ohio,  May  10, 1827 ;  1'eceived 
an  academic  education ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850;  was 
elected  Prosecuting  Attorney  for  Knox 
County  in  1852 ;  removed  to  Minnesota  in 
1853,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con 
gress,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Public  Lands  and  of  the  Special 
Committee  of  Thirty-three.  Re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Public  Expenditures ; 
and  also  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Indian  Affairs,  and  of  the  Special  Commit 
tee  to  visit  the  Indian  Tribes  of  the  West 
in  18G5.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  Death  of  President  Lincoln,  and  again 
at  the  head  of  the  Committee  on  Indian 
Affairs, and  as  Chairman  of  a  Special  Com 
mittee  on  the  conduct  of  the  Commis 
sioner  of  Indian  Affairs.  He  was  also  a 
Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  ''Loyalists' 
Convention"  of  1866;  and  was  re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  old 
committees. 

Winfleld,     Charles    IX. — He   was 

born  in  Crawford,  Orange  County,  New 
York,  April  22,  1822;  studied  law  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  1846 ;  he  was  for  six 
years  District  Attorney  for  Orange  County, 
from  1850  to  1856;  and  in  1862  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  York, 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Private  Land  Claims. 
Re-elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress. 
In  1865  he  was  Chairman  of  the  State 
"  Democratic  Convention"  previous  to  its 
final  organization.  In  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  he  served  on  the  Committees  on 
Foreign  Affairs,  and  on  Coinage,  Weights 
and  Measures,  and  Ways  and  Means. 

Wing,  Austin  12.— He  was  born  in 
Hampshire  County,  Massachusetts ;  was  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Michigan,  from  1828  to  1832;  resided 
at  Monroe,  and  was  for  many  years  a 
leading  man  in  all  its  local  affairs.  He 
died  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  August  25,  1849. 

Wingate,  Joseph  F.—He  was  born 


in  Massachusetts ;  was  a  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  that  State,  in  1818  and  1819; 
Collector  of  Customs  at  Bath,  Maine,  from 
1820  to  1824 ;  member  of  the  Maine  Legis 
lature  in  1825  and  1826;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Maine,  from 
1827  to  1831. 

Wingate,  Paine. — He  was  born  nt 
Amesbury,  Massachusetts,  May  14,  1739; 
graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  1759; 
ordained  as  a  Congregational  minister  at 
Hampton  Falls,  New  Hampshire,  in  1763; 
and  afterwards  removed  to  Stratham,  and 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits.  He  was 
appointed  a  member  of  Congress  under  the 
Confederation  in  1787;  after  the  adoption 
of  the  Constitution  he  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  United  States  Senate,  in  1789, 
and  served  till  1793,  when  he  was  elected 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  in  1793, 
serving  until  1795.  In  1798  he  was  ap 
pointed  a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
New  Hampshire,  and  continued  in  office 
till  May,  1809,  when  he  attained  the  age 
of  seventy.  He  survived  all  others  who 
were  members  of  the  United  States  Sen 
ate  at  the  time  of  his  taking  his  seat  in 
that  body  upon  its  first  organization ;  and 
he  Wiis  for  some  years  the  oldest  graduate 
of  his  college.  He  was  a  man  of  talents, 
and  extensive  information;  highly  es 
teemed  and  respected  for  his  character, 
and  his  honorable  and  useful  life.  He  died 
at  Strathara,  New  Hampshire,  March  7, 
1838. 

Winslow,  Warren. — He  was  born 
in  Fayetteville,  North  Carolina  January 
1,  1810;  entered  Chapel  Hill  University, 
and  graduated  in  1827 ;  having  studied 
law,  was  soon  afterwards  admitted  to  the 
bar.  In  1854  he  was  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Pierce,  a  confidential  agent  to  Mad 
rid,  on  business  connected  with  the  Black 
Warrior  affair;  during  his  absence  abroad 
he  was  nominated  for  the  Senate  of  North 
Carolina,  was  elected  a  member  thereof, 
and  placed  in  the  chair  of  Speaker ;  while 
in  that  position,  Governor  Reid  was  elect 
ed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  the 
duties  of  Governor  devolved  upon  and 
were  performed  by  Mr.  Winslow.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Thirty- fourth  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Naval 
Affairs ;  and  was  re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  serving 
as  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Naval 
Affairs,  and  on  the  Library,  and  on  the 
Special  Committee  of  Thirty-three  on  the 
Rebellious  States.  He  was  offered,  by 
President  Buchanan,  the  mission  to  Sar 
dinia,  but  declined.  He  died  at  Fayette 
ville,  in  1863. 

Winston,  Joseph.—  Born  in  Vir 
ginia,  in  1746.  In  1760  joined  a  company 
of  rangers,  and  marched  to  the  frontier  of 
the  State;  in  a  battle  on  the  Greenbrier, 
was  twice  wounded,  and  had  a  horse  killed 


422 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


under  him :  had  a  pension  granted  to  him 
by  the  Legislature,  for  his  gallantry  in 
battle ;  in  1766  removed  to  North  Carolina ; 
took  an  active  part  in  the  Revolution; 
raised  a  regiment,  and  marched  against  the 
Cherokee  Indians;  was  appointed  a  Major 
in  1776,  and  had  various  actions  with  the 
forces  of  the  Tories;  commanded  the 
right  wing  of  the  American  troops  in  the 
battle  of  King's  Mountain,  and  for  his 
bravery  had  a  sword  voted  to  him  by  the 
Legislature ;  was  elected  to  Congress  in 
1792,  and  again  in  1803,  and  served  till 
1807.  He  was  also  a  Presidential  Elector 
in  1801. 

Winter,  Elisha  J.— He  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1813  to  1815. 

WlntJirop,  Robert  C.—  Born  in  Bos 
ton,  Massachusetts,  May  12,  1809 ;  grad 
uated  at  Harvard  College  in  1328,  and 
studied  law  with  Daniel  Webster.  He  en 
tered  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts  in 
1835,  and  was  Speaker  of  the  House  from 
1838  to  1840;  was  a  member  of  the  United 
States  House  of  Representatives,  from 
1840  to  1842,  when  he  resigned  on  account 
of  domestic  circumstances,  but  was  re- 
elected  the  same  year,  and  continued  in 
that  body  until  1850,  having  been  Speaker 
during  the  Congress  commencing  in  1847. 
He  was  appointed  to  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States  to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Webster,  and 
served  from  1850  to  1851.  He  was  Presi 
dent  of  the  Electoral  College  of  Massa 
chusetts  which  voted  for  General  Scott ; 
and  was  President  of  the  Historical  Soci 
ety  of  Massachusetts,  and  other  literary 
and  charitable  associations;  also  Presi 
dent  of  the  Commissioners  chosen  by  the 
City  of  Boston  for  building  a  Public  Li 
brary.  He  delivered  the  Inaugural  of  the 
Franklin  Statue  in  1856,  and  also  that  of 
the  Washington  Monument  in  1848.  He 
subsequently  published  a  "  Memoir  of  Na 
than  Appleton,"  and  the  "  Life  and  Letters 
of  John  Wiuthrop."  In  1866  he  was  chosen 
a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "National 
Union  Convention,"  but  did  not  take  part 
in  its  proceedings. 

Wise,  Henry  A.—  Born  December 
3,  1806,  in  Drummondtovvn,  Accomac 
County,  Virginia ;  graduated  at  Washing 
ton  College,  Pennsylvania,  at  the  age  of 
nineteen ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  at  Winchester,  Virginia,  in  1828 ; 
the  same  year  removed  to  Nashville,  Ten 
nessee,  and  practised  his  profession  for 
two  years,  when,  from  local  attachment, 
he  returned  to  Accomac,  and  became  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  serving  from 
1833  to  1844,  when  he  resigned  his  seat  for 
the  mission  to  Brazil,  which  post  he  oc 
cupied  until  the  fall  of  1847.  He  was 
appointed  Minister  to  France  in  1843,  and 
resigned,  but  the  Senate  did  not  confirm 


him  and  he  was  immediately  returned  to 
Congress.  In  1848  he  was  one  of  the 
Presidential  Electors  of  Virginia.  In  1850 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Reform  Con 
vention  of  Virginia,  which  adopted  the 
present  Constitution  of  the  State.  In 
1852  he  was  again  Presidential  Elector; 
and  in  1855  was  elected  Governor  of  Vir 
ginia,  which  office  he  held  until  I860. 
Served  in  the  great  Rebellion  as  a  Briga 
dier-General. 

Widner,  Henry.— lie  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1776. 

Witherell,  James.— lie  was  born  in 
Vermont;  received  a  limited  education 
and  adopted  the  profession  of  law.  From 
1798  to  1803  he  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Legislature ;  two  years  a  County  Judge ; 
and  a  State  Councillor  from  1803  to  1807. 
He  was  a  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Vermont  during  the  years  1807  and  1808 
and  in  the  latter  year  was  appointed  Fed 
eral  Judge  in  the  Territory  of  Michigan 
where  he  long  resided  and  died.  He  was 
a  man  of  strong  native  powers  of  mind. 

Witherspoon,  John.  —  Born  near 
Edinburgh,  Scotland,  February  5,  1722, 
and  was  a  lineal  descendant  of  John  Knox ; 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh, 
in  his  twenty-first  year,  and  was  licensed 
as  a  preacher,  assisting  his  father,  who 
was  also  a  preacher;  in  1746,  while  wit 
nessing  the  battle  of  Falkirk,  he  was 
arrested  and  imprisoned ;  after  his  re 
lease,  he  declined  a  number  of  calls  from 
all  parts  of  the  kingdom,  but  in  1766, 
through  the  influence  of  Richard  Stockton, 
he  was  elected  President  of  Princeton 
College,  and  came  to  America.  In  this 
new  sphere  he  was  eminently  successful; 
at  the  commencement  of  the  Revolution 
he  espoused  the  American  cause,  and  took 
an  active  part  on  committees  and  in  con 
ventions;  he  was  a  member  of  the  lirst 
"  Constitutional  Convention"  of  New  Jer 
sey  in  1776;  was  a  signer  of  the  Declara 
tion  of  Independence ;  and  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress,  from  1776  to 
1783,  and  signed  the  Articles  of  Confed 
eration.  He  served  in  the  Legislature, 
and  at  the  same  time  frequently  occupied 
the  pulpit;  revisited  Scotland  in  1782; 
and  on  his  return  retired  to  private  life. 
Died  at  Princeton,  November  15,  1794. 
He  left  numerous  literary,  political,  and 
theological  writings;  was  distinguished 
as  an  orator ;  and  left  a  name  that  will  be 
always  affectionately  remembered  by  the 
people  of  his  adopted  State. 

Witherspoon,  Robert.— He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1809  to  1811. 

Witte,  William  IT.— lie  was  born 
in  New.  Jersey,  and,  having  settled  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


423 


Pennsylvania,  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  1853  to  1855. 

Wolcott,  Oliver.—  He  was  the  son  of 
Roger  Wolcott,  an  early  Governor  of  Con 
necticut,  and  was  born  November  26,  1726 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College,  in  las  twenty- 
first  year;  was  immediately  commissioned 
to  command  a  company  to  defend  the 
frontier;  afterwards  studied  medicine,  and 
in  1751  was  chosen  Sheriff  of  Litchfleld 
Couuty.  In  1774  he  was  appointed  coun 
sellor,  and  held  the  office  twelve  years; 
he  was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declara 
tion  of  Independence,  and  of  the  Articles 
of  Confederation ;  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  from  1775  to  1778,  and 
from  1780  to  1784;  as  a  military  man  he 
rose  to  the  grade  of  Major-General,  and 
was  present  at  the  capture  of  Burgoyne ; 
and  in  1775  he  was  appointed  Commis 
sioner  of  Indian  Affairs  for  the  Northern 
Department.  In  1785  he  was  associated 
with  Lee  and  Butler  in  negotiating  a 
treaty  with  the  Six  Nations ;  in  1786  he 
was  elected  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Con 
necticut,  holding  the  office  ten  years ;  and 
he  was  Governor  of  Connecticut  from 
1796  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
December,  1797,  regretted  by  all  who 
knew  them. 

Wolf,  George.  —  He  was  born  in 
Allen  Township,  Northampton  County, 
Pennsylvania,  August  12,  1777.  After 
pursuing  a  course  of  classical  education 
in  his  own  county,  he  studied  law,  be 
came  eminent,  and  engaged  in  a  lucrative 
practice.  In  1818  he  was  elected  a  mem 
ber  of  the  Legislature  of  his  native  State ; 
and  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  from  1824  to  1829; 
Governor  of  that  State  from  1829  to  1835; 
in  1836  was  appointed  First  Comptroller 
of  the  United  States  Treasury;  and  sub 
sequently  Collector  of  Customs  for  Phila 
delphia,  in  which  city  he  died  of  an  affec 
tion  of  the  heart,  March  14,  1840. 

Wood,  Abiel.  —  He  was  a  distin 
guished  merchant  of  Wiscasset,  Massa 
chusetts,  and  a  member  of  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1813  to  1815.  From 
1807  to  1811,  and  in  1816,  he  was  a  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Legislature;  a  State 
Councillor  in  1820  and  1821 ;  and  a  mem 
ber  of  the  "Constitutional  Convention" 
of  1819.  He  died  at  Belfast,  Maine,  No 
vember,  1834,  aged  sixty -two  years. 

Wood,  Amos  JE. — Born  in  Jeffer 
son  County,  New  York,  in  1810;  here- 
moved  with  his  father  in  1825  to  Portage 
County,  Ohio.  In  1833  he  settled  perma 
nently  in  Woodville,  Sandusky  County; 
he  twice  represented  his  district  in  the 
lower  branch  of  the  Legislature,  and 
once  for  a  term  of  two  years  in  the  State 
Senate;  and  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio,  from  1850 


to  1852.  He  died  in  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana, 
November  19,  1850.  He  filled  the  unex- 
p'tred  term  of  R.  Dickinson ;  and  the  farm 
upon  which  he  lived  and  died  was  cleared 
by  his  own  hands. 

Wood,  Benjamin. — He  was  born  in 
Shelby ville,  Kentucky,  October  13,  1820; 
received  a  good  English  education;  has 
acquired  some  reputation  as  a  novelist ; 
and  was  elected  a  Representative,  from 
New  York,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con 
gress,  and  re-elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress.  He  has  served  ou  the  Commit 
tees  on  Mileage,  and  on  Invalid  Peusious. 

Wood,  Bradford  U.— He  was  born 
in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1845 
to  1847.  \ 

Wood,  Fernando.—  Born  in  Phila 
delphia  in  1812;  and  from  the  humble  em 
ployment  of  a  cigar-maker,  he  rose  to  the 
position  of  a  clerk  in  a  counting-house, 
and  was  for  many  years  a  ship-owner  and 
successful  merchant  in  New  York.  He 
was  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
New  York,  from  1841  to  1843 ;  and  in  1854 
was  elected  Mayor  of  the  City  of  New 
York,  and  re-elected  to  that  office.  In 
1862  he  was  elected  for  a  second  time  a 
Representative,  from  New  York,  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  Public  Lands.  Re-elected 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committees  on  the  District  of  Columbia, 
and  Territories. 

Wood,  John. — Born  in  Philadelphia 
in  1816;  was  educated  for  the  counting- 
room,  in  which  he  had  an  experience  of 
twenty-five  years,  devoting  himself  chiefly 
to  the  manufacture  of  iron;  and  never 
held  any  public  position  but  that  of  Rep 
resentative  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  which  he  was 
elected  contrary  to  his  wishes,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Public  Expendi 
tures. 

Wood,  John  JT.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1827  to  1829. 

Wood,  John  M.— He  was  born  in 
Mininsink,  Orange  County,  New  York, 
November  17, 1813 ;  received  a  good  com 
mon-school  education;  was.  a  member  of 
the  Legislature  of  Maine;  and  was  for 
years  occupied  as  a  constructor  of  rail 
roads  and  other  public  works.  He  was 
elected,  in  1854,  a  Representative  from 
Maine,  in  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress; 
re-elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  on 
Post  Offices  and  Post  Roads.  Died  ia 
Boston,  December  24,  1864. 

Wood,  Joseph.— He  was  a  Delegate, 


424 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


from  Georgia,  to  the   Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1777  to  1779. 

Wood,  Silas.  —He  was  born  in  Suf 
folk  County,  New  York;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1789;  was  the  author 
of  a  "  History  of  Long  Island ;  "  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1819  to  1829.  He  died  at 
Huntington,  Suffolk  County,  Long  Island, 
March  2,  1847,  aged  seventy-eiglit  years. 

Woodbridge,  Frederick  12. —He 

was  boru  in  Vergennes,  Vermont,  August 
29,  1818;  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Vermont  in  1840 ;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1842 ;  served  three  years  in 
the  State  Legislature,  two  years  in  the 
State  Senate,  three  years  as  State  Auditor 
and  in  1863  he  was  elected  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Vermont,  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee  on 
the  Judiciary.  Re-elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Commit 
tees  on  the  Judiciary,  and  Private  Land 
Claims.  lie  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  "  Loyalists'  Convention  "  of 
18G6 ;  and  re-elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress,  and  made  Chairman  of  Committee 
on  the  Pay  of  Officials  of  Congress. 

Woodbridge,     William. — Born  in 

Norwich,  Connecticut,  August  20,  1780; 
and  his  father  becoming  one  of  the  earli 
est  emigrants  to  the  North-west  Territory, 
he  removed  to  Marietta  in  1791.  He  re 
ceived  his  earliest  education  in  Connecti 
cut  ;  studied  law  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  in  Ohio,  in 
1800.  In  1807  he  was  elected  to  the  As 
sembly  of  Ohio;  in  1808  was  Prosecuting 
Attorney  for  his  county,  which  office  he 
held  until  1814,  and  during  the  same  pe 
riod  he  was  also  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate.  In  1814  he  received,  from  Pres 
ident  Madison,  unexpectedly,  the  appoint 
ment  of  Secretary  of  the  Territory  of 
Michigan,  and  removed  to  Detroit;  and 
in  1819  he  was  elected  the  first  Delegate, 
from  Michigan,  to  Congress,  where  he 
was  very  active  in  promoting  the  inter 
ests  of  his  constituents.  In  1828  he  was 
appointed  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Michigan  Territory,  and  held  the  office 
four  years;  in  1835  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Convention  called  to  form  a  State 
Constitution;  in  1837  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate  of  Michigan ;  in  1839  he 
was  chosen  Governor  of  the  State ;  and  he 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1841  to 
1847.  He  was  a  working  member  on 
many  important  committees,  and  his  re 
ports  and  speeches  were  numerous ;  and 
Daniel  Webster,  in  a  note  to  his  speech 
in  defence  of  the  Ashburton  Treaty,  at 
tributed  to  Mr.  Woodbridge  the  first  sug 
gestion  that  was  ever  made  to  him  for 
inserting  in  that  treaty  a  provision  for 
the  surrender  of  fugitives,  under  cer 
tain  circumstances,  upon  the  demand  of 


foreign  governments.  For  many  years 
before  his  death  he  lived  in  retirement  at 
Detroit.  Died  October  20,  1801.  In  1867 
a  small  volume  was  published,  entitled  the 
"  Life  of  William  Woodbridge,"  from  the 
pen  of  the  compiler  of  this  work. 

Woodbury,  ievt.— Born  in  Fran- 
cistown,  New  Hampshire,  December  22, 
1789 ;  he  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College 
in  1800 ;  attended  the  Law-School  at  Litch- 
field ;  continued  to  study  law  in  Boston, 
Exeter,  and  Francestown,  and  entered 
upon  the  practice  in  1812,  in  which  he  was 
successful.  In  1816  he  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of  New 
Hampshire,  and  in  1819  settled  in  Ports 
mouth.  In  1823  he  was  elected  Governor 
of  New  Hampshire;  was  Speaker  of  the 
State  House  of  Representatives  in  1825 ; 
was  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1825  to 
1831 ;  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the 
Navy  by  President  Jackson  in  1831 ;  was 
transferred  to  the  Treasury  Department, 
as  Secretary,  in  1834,  by  President  Van 
Buren,  and  served  until  1841;  he  was 
again  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  1841  to 
1845,  when  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Polk  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States.  He  was  also  tendered 
the  appointment  of  Minister  to  England, 
but  declined  it.  He  received  the  degree 
of  LL.D.  from  Dartmouth  College  and 
the  Wesleyan  University  of  Connecticut, 
and  was  a  member  of  various  literary 
societies.  He  died  at  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire,  September  7,  1851. 

Woodcock,  David. — He  was  born  in 
Berkshire  County,  Massachusetts,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  Assembly, 
from  Seneca  County,  in  1814  and  1815, 
and  from  Tompkins  County,  in  1826 ;  and 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1821  to  1823,  and  again  from 
1827  to  1829. 

Woodruff,  George  €.— Was  born  in 
Litchfleld,  Connecticut,  December  1, 1805 ; 
graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1825 ;  studied 
law  at  the  Litchfield  School,  and  came  to 
the  bar  in  1827;  he  was  for  fourteen  years 
Postmaster  of  Litchfield ;  was  a  Clerk  and 
Representative  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
President  for  years  of  a  bank ;  Judge  of 
Probate  for  several  years ;  and  in  1861  he 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  Con 
necticut,  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
serving  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Lands. 

Woodruff,  John.— He  was  born  in 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  February  12,  1826 ; 
was  a  member  of  the  Connecticut  Legisla 
ture  in  1854;  in  1855  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Connecticut,  to  the  Thir 
ty-fourth  Congress ;  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  Post  Olfice  and  Post 
Roads.  He  subsequently  held  the  position 


BIOGRAPHICAL    EECOEDS. 


425 


of  Collector  of  Internal  Revenue  for  the 
District  of  New  Haveu,  in  winch  city  he 
•  died  May  20,  1868. 

Woodruff,  Thomas  M.—llz  was  a 
resident  of  New  York  City,  a  furniture- 
dealer  by  occupation,  a  member  of  Con 
gress  from  1845  to  1847,  and  died  some 
years  ago. 

Woods,  Henri/.  —  He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1790  to  1803. 

Woods,  John. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Pensylvania, 
from  1815  to  1817. 

Woods,  John.—  He  was  born  in  Dau 
phin  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  1794  and 
removed  with  his  fattier  to  Ohio  in  his  in 
fancy.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1819,  settled  in  Hamilton  County,  and  at 
once  took  a  high  stand  in  his  profession. 
In  1824  he  was  elected  to  Congress,  and 
served  two  terms.  In  1829  he  became  the 
editor  and  publisher  of  the  "  Hamilton 
Intelligencer,"  and  so  continued  until 
1832,  when  lie  returned  to  his  profession, 
which  he  successfully  practised  until  1845, 
when  he  was  elected  Auditor  of  the  State, 
which  office  he  held  for  two  terms.  While 
Auditor  he  did  much  to  preserve  the  credit 
of  the  State.  He  died  in  Hamilton,  Ohio, 
July  30,  1855. 

Woods,  William. — He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  New  York, 
from  1823  to  1825,  and  a  member  of  the 
State  Assembly,  from  Steuben  County,  in 

1828. 

Woodson,  Samuel  H.—  Born  in  Jes 
samine  County,  Kentucky,  October  24, 
1815;  graduated  at  Centre  College,  and 
became  a  lawyer  by  profession.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  "  Constitutional  Conven 
tion  "  of  Missouri  in  1855 ;  and  a  member 
of  the  Missouri  General  Assembly  in  1853 
and  1854 ;  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  from  that 
State,  serving  as  a  member  of  the  Commit 
tee  on  Indian  Afi'airs.  He  was  re-elected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  Committee  on  Indian  Affairs. 

Woodson,  Samuel  If.  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ken 
tucky,  from  1820  to  1823,  having  been 
elected  the  first  time  for  the  unexpired 
term  of  Henry  Clay,  and  re-elected  to  the 
next  Congress. 

Woodward,  George  W.  —  Born  in 
Bethany,  Pennsylvania,  March  26,  1809; 
received  an  academic  education;  studied 
and  practised  law;  was  a  member  of  the 
"  State  Constitutional  Convention "  of 
1837 ;  in  1841  he  was  appointed  President 
Judge  of  the  Fourth  Judicial  District,  and 


held  the  office  ten  years ;  in  1852  he  was 
elected  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  held  the  position  for 
nearly  sixteen  years;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Pennsylvania,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Com 
mittees  on  Mines  and  Mining,  and  on  Re 
vision  of  the  Laws  of  the  United  States, 
and  Private  Laud  Claims. 

Woodward,  Joseph  A.  —  He  was 

born  in  South  Carolina,  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
from  1843  to  1847. 

Woodward,  William..  —  He  was  a 

Representative  in  Congress,  from  South 
Carolina,  from  1815  to  1817. 

Woodworth,  James  jff.  —  He  was 
born  December  4,  1804,  in  Greenwich, 
Washington  County,  New  York.  He  lived 
on  a  farm  until  twenty-one  years  of  age ; 
received  a  limited  education  at  the  schools 
in  the  vicinity,  and  removed  to  Fabius, 
Onondaga  County,  New  York;  taught  a 
village  school  for  a  few  months,  and  then 
engaged  in  mercantile  business.  In  1827 
he  went  to  Erie  County,  Pennsylvania,  re 
siding  there  four  years,  and  removed  to 
Chicago,  Illinois,  in  1833.  In  1839  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  in  1842 
was  a  member  of  the  Lower  House.  From 
1845  to  1850  he  was  connected  with  the 
city  government  of  Chicago,  being  two 
years  Mayor.  He  was  a  Representative, 
from  Illinois,  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con 
gress. 

WoodwortJi,  William  W.— He  was 

born  in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  New  York,  from 
1845  to  1847. 

Worcester,  Samuel  T.  —  Born  in 
Hollis,  Hillsborough  County,  New  Hamp 
shire,  August  30, 1804 ;  graduated  at  Cam 
bridge  University  in  1830;  for  two  years 
he  was  a  Preceptor  at  the  Weymouth 
Academy,  Massachusetts ;  he  studied  law 
at  Cambridge,  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1834;  went  to  Ohio  that  year,  and  settled 
at  Norwalk  in  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion;  in  1848  and  1849  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate;  in  1859  was  elected 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
which  he  held  until  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Ohio,  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  serving  on  the  Committees  on 
Elections,  Accounts,  and  Agriculture. 

Word,  Thomas  J.—lle  was  a  Rep 
resentative  in  Congress,  from  Mississippi, 
from  1838  to  1839. 

Worman,  Isudwig.—He  was  born 
in  Bucks  County,  Pennsylvania;  was  a 
tanner  by  occupation ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Pennsylvania, 
from  1820  to  1822.  Died  in  1822. 


426 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


WortendyJce,  J.  jR.—  Born  at  Chest 
nut  Ridge,  in  the  Township  of  Harrington, 
Bergen  County,  New  Jersey,  November 
27,  1818;  graduated  at  Rutgers  College  in 
1839;  and  was  for  several  years  teacher 
of  the  classics  and  mathematics.  He  com 
menced  the  study  of  law  in  1849,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852 ;  was  Alder 
man  of  Jersey  City,  where  he  practised 
law;  and  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
the  Thirty -fifth  Congress,  from  New  Jer 
sey,  serving  on  the  Committee  on  Public 
Expenditures. 

Worthington,  If.  G.  —He  was  born 
in  Cumberland,  Maryland,  February  9, 
1828 ;  received  an  academical  education ; 
he  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1851 ;  and  in  that  year  he  removed  to  Cal 
ifornia  and  settled  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  Tuolumne  County,  where  he 
remained  until  1856.  He  subsequently 
spent  some  time  in  Central  America  and 
Mexico,  and  then  resumed  his  profession 
in  California.  In  1861  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Legislature  from  the  city  and 
county  of  San  Francisco.  In  1862  he  re 
moved  to  the  Territory  of  Nevada,  and 
settled  in  Austin;  and  on  the  admission 
of  Nevada  as  a  State  he  was  elected  the 
first  Representative  therefrom,  taking  his 
seat  during  the  second  session  of  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress. 

Worthington,  John  T.  JET.— He  was 
born  in  Ma^land,  and  was  a  Representa 
tive  in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from 
1831  to  1833  and  again  from  1837  to  1841. 

Worthington,  Thomas.  —  He  was 

born  in  Jefferson  County,  Virginia,  about 
1769;  emigrated  to  Ohio,  and  settled  in 
Ross  County  in  1798.  In  1803  he  was  a 
member  of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Con 
vention."  He  was  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Ohio,  from  1803  to  1807,  and  'again 
from  1810  to  1814,  when  he  resigned ;  and 
from  1814  to  1818  he  was  Governor  of 
Ohio.  After  his  retirement  from  that 
office  he  was  appointed  a  member  of  the 
first  Board  of  Canal  Commissioners,  in 
which  capacity  he  served  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  1827. 

Worthington,  Thomas  C.— He  was 

born  in  Prince  George  County,  Maryland, 
and  was  a  Representative  in  Congress, 
from  that  State,  from  1825  to  1827.  Died 
June  19, 1827. 

Wright,  Augustus  S.  —  Born  at 
Wrightsborongh,  Columbia  County,  Geor 
gia,  June  16,  1813 ;  commenced  his  educa 
tion  at  a  grammar  school ;  afterwards  en 
tered  Franklin  College,  but  left  in  the 
latter  part  of  the  junior  year  without  grad 
uating.  He  was  a  lawyer  by  profession ; 
and,  at  the  age  of  twenty-nine,  was  elected 
Circuit  Judge.  He  resigned  before  the 
expiration  of  the  second  term,  and  was 


elected  a  Representative,  from  Georgia, 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  serving  as  ti 
member  of  the  Committee  on  the  District 
of  Columbia.  Took  part  in  the  Rebellion. 

Wright,  Daniel  B.  —  He  was  born 
in  Tennessee,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  Mississippi,  from  1853 
to  1857. 

Wright,  Edivln  H.  V.  —  Born  in 
Hoboken,  New  Jersey,  January  2,  1812; 
received  an  academical  education ;  adopt 
ed  the  trade  of  a  printer,  and  as  early 
as  1835  edited  and  published  a  news 
paper  called  the  "Jersey  Blue."  He 
studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1839 ; 
in  1843  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate, 
and  was  a  leading  advocate  of  the  present 
free-school  system  of  the  State;  in  1851 
he  was  appointed  District  Attorney  for 
Hudson  County,  and  held  the  office  for 
five  years;  he  was  also  a  Major-General 
of  Militia  for  several  years,  commanding 
the  Second  Division  of  the  State ;  was  the 
candidate,  in  1859,  of  the  Democratic  party 
for  the  office  of  Governor,  but  was  de 
feated  by  a  small  majority;  and  lie  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  New  Jer 
sey,  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  serving 
on  the  Committee  on  Appropriations,  and 
the  Special  Committee  on  the  Death  of 
President  Lincoln. 

Wright,  George  H.  —  He  was  born 
in  Concord,  Massachusetts,  June  4,  1817; 
spent  seven  years  on  a  farm ;  settled  in 
Boston,  as  a  merchant,  in  1822;  was  con 
nected  with  the  "  Boston  Courier  "  for  two 
years,  from  1837,  after  which  he  settled  in 
Nantucket,  in  the  whaling  business ;  went 
to  California  in  1849;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 
during  the  years  1850  and  1851. 

Wright,  HendricJc  B. — Born  in  Lu- 
zerne  County,  Pennsylvania,  April  24, 
1808 ;  graduated  at  Dickinson  College  in 
1829 ;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1831 ;  in  1834  he  was  appointed  Deputy 
Attorney-General  for  Luzerue  County; 
was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in 
1841  and  1842;  re-elected  in  1843,  and 
made  Speaker  of  the  House ;  he  was  a 
member  of  all  the  National  Democratic 
Conventions  between  1840  and  1860;  and 
of  that  Convention  which  nominated  Mr. 
Polk  for  President  he  was  the  President. 
In  1852  he  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress ;  and  he  was  re-elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacan 
cy  caused  by  the  death  of  George  W. 
Scranton,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Com 
mittee  on  Military  Affairs. 

Wright,  John  C.— He  was  born  in 
1783 ;  attained  eminence  as  a  lawyer,  and, 
early  rose  to  the  Supreme  Bench  of  Ohio. 


BIOG11APIIICAL    RECORDS. 


427 


His  Law  Reports  are  a  part  of  all  good 
libraries  in  the  Western  States.  He  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Ohio, 
from  1823  to  1829,  and  was  for  many  years 
the  owner  and  editor  of  the  "Cincinnati 
Gazette."  He  took  an  active  part,  as  Del 
egate  from  Ohio,  in  the  "Peace  Con 
gress"  of  February,  1861,  but  died  in 
Washington  before  "the  adjournment  of 
that  body,  on  the  13th  of  that  month. 

Wright,  Jolin  F.— Born  in  McNairy 
County,  Tennessee,  June  28,  1828 ;  was  a 
lawyer  by  profession  ;  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thir 
ty-fifth  Congresses,  from  his  native  State ; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Committees  ou 
Revolutionary  Pensions,  and  Expenditures 
in  the  War  Department.  Re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  serving  on  the 
Committee  on  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Wright,  Joseph  A  .—Born  in  Penn 
sylvania,  April  17,  1810;  when  a  boy  he 
removed  to  Indiana  with  his  parents,  and 
became  a  janitor  in  the  University  of  that 
State,  enjoying  at  the  same  time  the  privi 
leges  of  a  student;  studied  law,  and  came 
to  the  bur  in  1829 ;  in  1833  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Legislature;  in  1840  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Senate ;  from  1843  to 
1845  he  was  a  Representative  in  Congress ; 
was  Governor  of  Indiana  from  1849  to 
1857 ;  and  during  the  latter  year  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Buchanan,  Minis 
ter  to  Prussia.  In  1862  he  was  appointed 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  in  place  of  J.  D. 
Bright,  serving  one  session;  in  1863  he 
•was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  a 
Commissioner  to  attend  the  Hamburg  Ex 
hibition  ;  and  in  1865  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Johnson,  for  the  second  time, 
Minister  to  Prussia.  Died  in  Berlin, 
March  11,  1867,  and  the  fact  was  published 
in  the  New  York  papers  on  the  following 
morning. 

Wright,  Robert. —  lie  was  born  in 
Kent  County,  Maryland;  a  Senator  in 
Congress,  from  Maryland,  from  1801  to 
1806,  when  he  resigned;  at  one  time  mem 
ber  of  the  State  Executive  Council;  was 
Governor  of  Maryland  from  1806  to  1809 ; 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Mary 
land,  from  1810  to  1817;  re-elected  for  the 
term  from  1821  to  1823;  and  died  Septem 
ber  7,  1826. 

Wright,  Samuel  G.— Born  in  1787, 
and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was  a  mem 
ber-elect  of  Congress,  from  New  Jersey. 
Died  near  Allentown,  New  Jersey,  July 
SO,  1845. 

Wright,  Silas.  —  Was  born  at  Am- 
herst,  Massachusetts,  May  24,  1795.  He 
worked  upon  his  father's  farm,  in  Ver 
mont,  in  the  summer,  and  attended  school 
in  the  winter.  He  prepared  for  and  en 
tered  college  in  August,  1811,  and  gradu 


ated  at  Middlebnry  College  in  1815.  Ha 
read  law  in  Washington  County,  New 
York,  teaching  school  one  or  two  winters 
to  aid  in  defraying  his  own  expenses.  In 
1819  he  settled,  in  the  practice  of  the  law, 
at  Canton,  St.  Lawrence  County,  New 
York,  where  he  continued  his  residence 
until  his  death.  He  was  soon  made  a 
Magistrate  and  Postmaster  of  his  town, 
and  Surrogate  of  his  county.  He  early 
raised  a  uniformed  Militia  rifle  company, 
of  which  he  was  unanimously  chosen  Cap 
tain,  from  which  position  he  rose  to  be 
Colonel  of  a  rifle  regiment,  and  became  a 
Brigadier-General  of  Infantry  in  1827.  He 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  in  Novem 
ber,  1823,  and  served  until  March  4,  1827, 
when  he  resigned  that  office,  having  been 
elected  to  Congress  in  November,  1826. 
He  took  his  seat  in  Congress  in  December, 

1827.  He  was  re-elected  in  November, 

1828.  Having  been  elected  State  Comp 
troller,  January  27,  1829,  he  resigned  his 
seat  in  Congress  before  serving  out  his 
term.     While  in  Congress,  he  served  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Manufac 
tures,  and  took  an  active  part  in  the  tariff 
investigations  and  discussions   of  1828. 
He  served  as  Comptroller  from  the  time 
of  his  election  until  he  was  chosen  United 
States  Senator,  in  the  early  part  of  Janu 
ary,  1833,  when  he  immediately  took  his 
seat  in  that  body.     He  was  re-elected  in 
February,  1837,  and  again  in  February, 
1843,  and  continued  to  serve  until  Decem 
ber,  1844,  when  he  resigned.    In  Novem 
ber,  1844,  he  was  elected  Governor  of  New 
York,  and  entered  upon  his  duties,  Janu 
ary  1,  1845.    In  1847  he  retired  to  private 
life,  devoting  himself  to  the  cultivation  of 
his  farm,  and  enjoying  the  society  of  his 
early  friends  and  neighbors.    On  August 
27, 1847,  he  died  suddenly  at  his  residence 
in  Canton. .  While  in  the  United  States 
Senate  he  served  most  of  his  time  on  the 
Committee  on    Finance,  and  introduced 
the  first  Sub-Treasury  bill,  which  became 
a  law.    President  Tyler  offered  him  a  seat 
upon  the  bench  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
which  he  declined.    By  other  Presidents 
he  was  offered  seats  in  their  cabinets  and 
missions  abroad, — all  of  which  he  refused. 
His  last  labor  for  the  public  was  the  prep 
aration  of  an  address  for  the  State  Agri 
cultural  Society,  which,  having  been  fin 
ished,  was  read  to  that  body  a  short  time 
after  his  death,  by  his  friend,   General 
Dix.    He  appeared  twice  in  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  to  argue  cases 
of  high  importance,  and  established   in 
that  tribunal  a  high  reputation  as  a  law 
yer. 

WriffM,  Turbett.  —  He  was  a  Dele 
gate,  from  Maryland,  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  from  1781  to  1782. 

Wright,  William.— Born  in  Clarks- 
town,  liockland  County,  New  York,  ia 
1794 ;  learned  the  business  of  saddle-mak- 


428 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECOUDS. 


ing  when  a  boy,  and  followed  it  for  seven 
years,  at  Bridgeport,  Connecticut;  re 
moved  to  Newark,  New  Jersey,  in  1823; 
•was  elected  Mayor  of  that  city  in  the  years 
1840,  1841,  1842,  and  1843;  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress  from  New  Jersey, 
from  1843  to  1847;  was  a  candidate  for 
Governor  in  1848,  but  was  defeated ;  and 
in  1853  he  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Con 
gress  for  the  term  ending  in  1859,  serving 
as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Manu 
factures,  and  that  on  the  Contingent  Ex 
penses  of  the  Senate.  In  1863  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  Senate  for  the  term 
ending  in  1869,  serving  on  the  Committees 
on  Manufactures,  Public  Lands  and  Rev 
olutionary  Claims.  Died  in  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  November  1,  1866. 

Wurtz,  John.—  He  was  born  in  Mor 
ris  County,  New  Jersey;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1813;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  Penn 
sylvania,  from  1825  to  1827.  Died  in 
Rome,  Italy,  April  23,  1861. 

Wyncoop,  Henry. — He  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Continental  Congress  from 
1779  to  1783,  and  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Pennsylvania,  from  1789  to 
1791 ;  and  was  one  of  those  who  voted  for 
locating  the  Seat  of  Government  on  the 
Potomac. 

Wynn,  Richard.— He  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  from  1793  to  1797,  and  again  from 
1802  to  1813. 

Wynns,  Thomas.  —  He  was  born, 
lived,  and  died,  in  Hertford  County,  North 
Carolina.  He  was  a  General  of  Militia;  a 
planter  by  occupation ;  served  a  number 
of  years  in  the  House  of  Commons  and 
Senate ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress  from  1803  to  1807.  In  1801  and 
1809  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector.  Died 
June  3, 1825. 

Wythe,  George.—  Born  in  Elizabeth 
City,  Virginia,  in  1728;  was  educated 
chiefly  by  his  mother;  when  thirty  years 
of  age  he  commenced  the  study  of  law, 
and  soon  came  to  the  bar ;  was  for  a  long 
time  a  member  of  the  House  of  Burgesses ; 
was  Chancellor  of  Virginia;  in  1764  he 
was  appointed  to  prepare  a  petition  against 
the  Stamp  Act ;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Con 
tinental  Congress  from  1775  to  1777,  and 
signed  the  Declaration  of  Independence ; 
he  was  also  a  member  of  the  Convention 
which  formed  the  Federal  Constitution, 
but  refused  to  sign  the  instrument ;  he  was 
the  Chairman  of  a  Committee  to  revise  the 
Laws  of  Virginia,  which  he  accomplished 
with  credit ;  in  1777  he  was  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Delegates,  and  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Chancery ;  he  owned 
a  large  number  of  slaves,  to  one  of  whom 
he  taught  the  Latin  and  Greek  languages, 


and  subsequently  manumitted  the  whole 
of  them ;  and  the  honor  was  awarded  to 
him  of  having  been  the  instructor  of 
Thomas  Jefferson.  Died  June  8,  1806. 

Yancey,  William  Z/.— Born  at  Ogee- 
chee  Shoals,  Georgia,  August  10,  1814;  re 
ceived  a  good  education  in  the  Northern 
States ;  studied  law,  and  practised  in 
South  Carolina;  in  1837  he  settled  in  Ala 
bama,  and  edited  the  "Cahawba  Demo 
crat"  and  "  Wetumpka  Argus;"  and  was 
a  Representative  in  Congress,  from  Alaba 
ma,  from  1844  to  1847.  Before  entering 
Congress  he  had  served  in  the  Alabama 
Legislature,  and  since  that  time  has  served 
as  a  member  of  various  political  conven 
tions,  first  at  Baltimore  in  1848,  then  at 
Cincinnati  in  1856,  and  at  Charleston  in 
1860,  in  which  he  bore  a  conspicuous  part. 
In  1856  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector.  He 
subsequently  visited  Europe  as  an  agent 
of  the  Southern  States  during  the  great 
Rebellion  of  1861 ;  also  held  several  other 
appointments  and  positions  under  the 
Confederate  Government.  Died  near 
Montgomery,  Alabama,  July  28,  1863. 

fancy,  Bartlett.—He  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  educated  at  the  University 
of  North  Carolina,  where  he  was,  for  a 
time,  a  tutor.  His  first  appearance  in, 
public  life  was  as  a  member  of  Congress 
from  North  Carolina,  in  1813,  where  he 
served  four  years ;  he  served  for  many 
years  in  the  State  Legislature,  and  fre 
quently  as  Speaker  of  the  House ;  and  his 
position  as  a  lawyer  was  unsurpassed. 
He  died  in  Caswell  County,  August  30, 
1828. 

Yancey,  Joel. — He  was  a  Represent 
ative  in  Congress,  from  Kentucky,  from 
1827  to  1831. 

Yates,  J~r.,  Abraham.— He  was  a 

Delegate,  from  New  York,  to  the  Conti 
nental  Congress,  in  1787  and  1788. 

Yates,  John  B. — He  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  New  York,  from  1815  to 
1817,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Assem 
bly  of  that  State  in  1836,  from  Madison 
County. 

Yates,  Mic7iard.—He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  January  18,  1818;  removed  to 
Illinois ;  graduated  at  the  Illinois  College, 
and  was  bred  to  the  profession  of  law. 
He  frequently  served  in  the  State  Legisla 
ture  ;  and  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Illinois,  from  1851  to  1855. 
In  1861,  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Illi 
nois  for  four  years,  and  participated 
extensively  in  the  raising  of  troops  for 
the  National  Army  during  the  Rebellion ; 
and  was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress, 
from  Illinois,  for  the  term  commencing  in 
1865  and  ending  in  1871,  having  been 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


429 


placed  on  the  Committees  on  the  District 
of  Columbia,  the  Pacific  Railroad,  Terri 
tories,  Pensions,  Manufactures,  and  Mines 
and  Mining,  and  made  Chairman  of  the 
Committees  on  Revolutionary  Claims,  and 
Territories.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to 
the  Philadelphia  "  Loyalists' Convention" 
of  1863. 

Yates,  Peter  W. — He  was  a  Delegate, 
from  New  York,  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress,  from  1785  to  1787. 

Yeaman,  George  S.—  He  was  born 
in  Hnrdin  County,  Kentucky,  November 
1,  1829;  received  his  early  education 
under  many  difficulties;  studied  law,  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  his  twenty-third  year, 
entering  upon  the  practice  of  his  profes 
sion  at  Owensboro,  Davies  County,  Ken 
tucky.  In  1851:  he  was  elected  Judge  of 
Davies  County,  and  from  that  time  until 
1858  devoted  his  whole  attention  to  the 
•law,  acquiring  an  extensive  practice  in 
the  Circuit  Court  and  Court  of  Appeals. 
In  18G1  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  Kentucky,  and  in  1862  he  was  engaged 
in  raising  a  regiment  for  the  Union  ser 
vice;  but  when  J.  S.  Jackson  resigned  he 
was  elected,  as  his  successor,  a  Represent 
ative,  from  Kentucky,  to  the  Thirty-sev 
enth  Congress,  serving  on  the  Committee 
on  Military  Affairs,  and  was  re-elected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  serving  on 
the  same  committee.  In  1865  he  was 
appointed,  by  President  Johnson,  Minister 
Resident  to  Denmark. 

Yell,  Archibald. — He  was  born  in 
Tennessee,  and,  removing  to  Arkansas, 
was  appointed  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
Territory,  and  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress  from  1836  to  1839,  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1845,  serving  only  until  1846. 
He  was  also  Governor  of  Arkansas  in  1842 
and  1844.  He  was  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Buena  Vista,  having  had  command  of  a 
regiment  of  Arkansas  mounted  Volun 
teers. 

YorJce,  Thomas  J".— He  was  born 
in  New  Jersey,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1837 
to  1839,  and  again  from  1841  to  1843.  He 
was  a  candidate  for  election  to  the  Twen 
ty-sixth  Congress,  and,  although  he  came 
with  the  broad  seal  of  his  State,  he  was 
not  admitted. 

Yost,  Jacob  S. — He  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1843  to 
1847. 

Young,  Augustus. — He  was  born 
in  Arlington,  Vermont,  March  20,  1785, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  in  St.  Al- 
bans,  in  1810;  he  commenced  practice  at 
Stowe,  and  in  about  eighteen  months 
removed  to  Craftsbury,  which  town  he 


represented,  in  the  General  Assembly, 
during  eight  sessions.  He  was  four  years 
State's  Attorney  for  Orleans  C'Hinty,  and 
Judge  of  Probate  in  1830.  In  1836  he  was 
chosen  State  Senator,  and  was  twice  re- 
elected.  He  was  a  Representative  in  Con 
gress,  from  Vermont,  from  1841  to  1843, 
and  declined  a  re-election.  In  1847  he 
removed  to  St.  Albans,  and  was  for  sev 
eral  years  Judge  of  Franklin  County 
Court.  He  subsequently  devoted  himself 
to  literary  and  scientific  pursuits,  and 
being  a  learned  geologist  and  mineral 
ogist,  was  appointed,  in  1856,  State  Natu 
ralist.  He  died  at  St.  Albans,  June  17, 
1857.  He  was  highly  popular,  possessed 
great  talents,  and  his  scientific  books 
and  tracts  indicate  that  he  was  a  great 
mathematician  and  a  profound  reasoner. 

Young,  Bryan  JR.— He  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  and  was  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  that  State,  from  1345  to 
1847. 

Young,    Ebenezer.—Rorn   in   Kil- 

lingly,  Connecticut,  in  1784,  and  grad 
uated  at  Yale  College  in  1806.  In  1823  he 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  twice 
re-elected ;  he  was  also  two  years  Speaker 
of  the  House;  and  was  a  Representative 
in  Congress,  from  1829  to  1835.  He  died 
at  West  Killingly,  August  18,  1851. 

Young,  John.  —  He  was  born  in 
Chelsea,  Orange  County,  Vermont,  in 
1802;  when  quite  a  boy  he  moved  with  his 
father  to  Livingston-  County,  New  York, 
and  received  a  common-school  education 
at  Conesus ;  studied  law,  and  was  admit 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1829 ;  was  in  the  State 
Legislature  in  1831, 1844,  and  1845 ;  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  New 
York,  from  1841  to  1843;  Governor  of  the 
State  from  1847  to  1849 ;  and  Assistant 
Treasurer  of  the  United  States,  in  New 
York  City,  at  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  April  23,  1852. 

Young,  John  D. — He  was  born  in 
Bath  County,  Kentucky,  September  22, 
1823;  received  an  English  education; 
from  1843  to  1847  he  was  Sheriff  of  his 
native  county,  having  previously  served 
three  years  as  Deputy ;  served  for  a  time 
as  Deputy  U.  S.  Marshal ;  was  a  Judge  of 
Probate  from  1858  to  1862;  was  re-elected 
in  1866,  but  resigned  in  18G7;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Kentucky, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Young,  Richard  M.  —  He  was  a 

Presidential  Elector  in  1829;  a  Senator 
in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  from  1837  to 
1843;  was  appointed  Commissioner  of  the 
General  Land  Office  in  1846 ;  and  Clerk  of 
the  United  States  House  of  Represent 
atives,  in  1850  and  1851. 

Young,  Timothy  JS.— He  was  bora 


430 


BIOGRAPHICAL    RECORDS. 


in  New  Hampshire;  graduated  at  Bow- 
doin  College  in  1835 ;  and  was  a  Repre 
sentative  in  Congress,  from  Illinois,  from 
1849  to  1851. 

Young,  William  S.—lIe  was  born 
in  Nelson  County,  Kentucky ;  and  was  a 
Representative  in  Congress,  from  that 
State,  from  1825  to  1827. 

Yulee,  David  L. — He  was  born  in 
the  West  Indies,  of  Hebrew  extraction, 
in  1811,  but  when  quite  young  was  re 
moved  to  Virginia,  where  he  received  the 
rudiments  of  a  classical  education.  He 
emigrated  to  Florida  in  1824,  mid  though 
he  studied  law,  he  divided  his  time  be 
tween  the  practice  of  his  profession  and 
the  pursuits  of  agriculture.  He  was  a 
Delegate  to  Congress,  from  the  Territory 
of  Florida,  from  1841  to  1845,  bearing  the 
name  of  Levy,  and,  as  Yulee,  was  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  Convention  which  formed  the 
State  Constitution;  and  was  elected  a 
Senator  in  Congress,  in  1845,  where  he 
continued  until  1861,  officiating  as  Chair 
man  of  the  Committee  on  Post  Offices  and 
Post  Roads.  He  was  also  President  of 
the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  Railroad  in  Florida. 
Withdrew  from  the  Senate  to  take  part  in 
the  Rebellion  of  1861,  and  at  the  close  of 
the  conflict  he  was  confined  in  Fort  Pu- 
laski  as  a  Prisoner  of  State. 

Zollicoffer,    Felix  K.  —  Born  in 

Maury  County,  Tennessee,  May  19,  1812, 
and  received  an  academical  education. 
He  served  for  a  few  months  in  a  printing- 


office,  and  in  1829  took  upon  himself  the 
management  of  a  newspaper  at  Paris, 
Tennessee.  In  1834  he  was  editor  and 
publisher  of  the  li  Columbian  Observer," 
in  the  same  State;  in  1835  he  was  elected 
State  printer,  and  re-elected  in  1837 ;  in 
1842  he  removed  to  Nashville,  and  edited 
the  "Banner;"  in  1843  he  was  elected 
Comptroller  of  the  State  Treasury,  and 
was  re-elected  in  1845  and  1847;  in  1849 
was  elected  to  the  State  Senate;  in  1850 
was  a  contractor  for  building  the  Suspen 
sion  Bridge  at  Nashville;  in  1851  a'nd 
1852  again  edited  the  "  Nashville  Ban 
ner;"  and  was  elected  a  Representative  in 
Congress,  from  Tennessee,  in  1853,  where 
he  continued  until  the  close  of  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  serving  in  the  same  as  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Territories. 
He  subsequently  joined  the  great  Rebel 
lion,  and  served  as  a  General  of  Volun 
teers,  and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Somerset,  Kentucky.  He  was  a  Delegate 
to  the  "  Peace  Congress  "  of  1SG1. 

ZuMy,  John  J~oac7iiin.  —  He  was 

a  native  of  Switzerland;  graduated  at 
Princeton  College  in  1770;  settled  in  Sa 
vannah,  Georgia,  as  a  Presbyterian  Min 
ister;  was  a  Doctor  of  Divinity,  and 
preached  in  the  German,  English,  and 
French  languages ;  and,  though  elected  as 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
in  1755,  was  disloyal  to  the  American 
cause,  and  denounced  on  the  floor  of  Con 
gress  as  a  traitor  to  the  American  cause. 
He  died  in  Savannah  in  1781. 


STATISTICAL   RECORDS. 


STATISTICAL  RECORDS. 


SUCCESSIVE   SESSIONS   OP   CONGRESS. 


[OFFICIALLY  PREPARED  FOR  THIS  WORK.] 
STATEMENT 

Showing  the  Commencement  and  Termination  of  each  Session  of  Congress  held  under  the 
Present  Constitution,  with  the  Number  of  Days  in  each. 


a 

V 

A 

OJ  0 

V 

•o  . 

P'S 

00 

From— 

To— 

ss 

11 

Where  held. 

• 

E 

a 

"S-S 

•f  a 

1 

'£ 

& 

a  v 

0 

O 

8 

00 

V 

(H 

*~ 

, 

1 

March         4,  1789 

Sept.         29,  1789 

13 

210 

New  York. 

1  ) 

2 

January      4,  1790 

August     12,  1790 

14 

221 

do. 

( 

3 

Dec.    '       6,  1790 

March        3,  1791 

15 

88 

Philadelphia. 

C 

1 

Oct.          24,  1791 

May             8,  1792 

16 

197 

do. 

( 

2 

Nov.            5,  1792 

March         2,  1793 

17 

119 

do. 

_  C 

1 

Dec.           2,  1793 

June           9,  1794 

18 

190 

do. 

€ 

2 

Nov.            3,  1794 

March        3,  1795 

19 

121 

do. 

< 

1 

Dec.            7,  1795 

June            1,  1796 

20 

177 

do. 

> 

2 

Dec.            5,.  1796 

March         3,  1797 

21 

89 

do. 

f 

1 

May          15,  1797 

July          10,  1797 

21 

57 

do. 

5  < 

2 

Nov.          13,  1797 

July           16,  1798 

22 

246 

do. 

( 

3 

Dec.           3,  1798 

March        3,  1799 

23 

91 

do. 

ft  £ 

1 

Dec.            2,  1799 

May          14,  1800 

24 

164 

do. 

C 

2 

Nov.          17,  1800 

March        3,  1801 

25 

107 

Washington. 

7  5 

1 

Dec.            7,  1801 

May            3,  1802 

26 

148 

do. 

( 

2 

Dec.            6,  1802 

March         8,  1803 

27 

88 

do. 

ft  5 

1 

Oct.           17,  1803 

March       27,  1804 

28 

163 

do. 

< 

2 

Nov.           5,  1804 

March        3,  1805 

29 

119 

do. 

ol 

1 

Dec.            2,  1805 

April         21,  1806 

30 

141 

do. 

i 

2 

Dec.            1,  1806 

March        3,  1807 

31 

93 

do. 

io5 

1 

Oct.           26,  1807 

April         25,  1808 

32 

182 

do. 

j 

2 

Nov.            7,  1808 

March         3,  1809 

33 

117 

do. 

f 

1 

May           22,  1809 

June         28,  1809 

33 

38 

do. 

11  ? 

2 

Nov.          27,  1809 

May            1,  1810 

34 

156 

do. 

( 

3 

Dec.            3,  1810 

March        3,  1811 

35 

91 

do. 

,„  ( 

1 

Nov.            4,  1811 

July            6,  1812 

36 

245 

do. 

^ 

2 

Nov.            2,  1812 

March        3,  1813 

37 

122 

do. 

f 

1 

May           24,  1813 

August       2,  1813 

37 

71 

do. 

13  1 

2 

Dec.            6,  1813 

April         18,  1814 

38 

134 

do. 

3 

Sept.         19,  1814 

March         3,  1815 

39 

166 

do. 

14  5 

1 

Dec.            4,  1815 

April         30,  1816 

40 

148 

do. 

£ 

2 

Dec.            2,  1816 

March        3,  1817 

41 

92 

do. 

( 

1 

Dec.            1,  1817 

April         30,  1818 

42 

141 

do. 

10  i 

2 

Nov.          16,  1818 

March        3,  1819 

43 

108 

do. 

434 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


Statement  of  Successive  Sessions  of  Congress  —  Continued. 


1 
Congress. 

Session. 

From  — 

To— 

Year  of  Indepen 
dence. 

Number  of  Days 
in  each  Session. 

Where  held. 

i      r 

1 

Dec.            6,  1819 

May          15,  1820 

44 

162 

Washington. 

£ 

2 

Nov.           13,  1820 

March        3,  1821 

45 

111 

do. 

17  $ 

1 

Dec.           3,  1821 

May            8,  1822 

46 

157 

do. 

I 

2 

Dec.            2,  1822 

March         3,  1823 

47 

92 

do. 

18  5 

1 

Dec.            1,  1823 

May           27,  1824 

48 

178 

do. 

18  J 

2 

Dec.            6,  1824 

March        3,  1825 

49 

88 

do. 

10  S 

1 

Dec.            5,  1825 

May          22,  1826 

60 

169 

do. 

< 

2 

Dec.           4,  1826 

March        3,  1827 

51 

90 

do. 

on  £ 

1 

Dec.            3,  1827 

May          26,  1828 

52 

175 

do. 

+i\J    < 

2 

Dec.            1,  1828 

March        3,  1829 

53 

93 

do. 

21  5 

1 

Dec.            7,  1829 

May          31,  1830 

64 

176 

do. 

I 

2 

Dec.            6,  1830 

March        3,  1831 

55 

88 

do. 

09  £ 

1 

Dec.            5,  1831 

July           16,  1832 

56 

225 

do. 

• 

2 

Dec.            3,  1832 

March        3,  1833 

57 

91 

do. 

OQ  £ 

1 

Dec.            2,  1833 

.June         30,  1834 

58 

211 

do. 

—  •  •  • 

2 

Dec             1,  1834 

March         3,  1835 

59 

93 

do. 

245 

1 

Dec.            7,  1835 

July             4.  1836 

60 

211 

do. 

I 

2 

Dec.           5,  1836 

March        8,  1837 

61 

89 

do. 

1 

Sept.           4,  1837 

October    16,  1837 

62 

43 

do. 

25} 

2 

Dec.            4,  1837 

July            9,  1838 

62 

218 

do. 

( 

3 

Dec.            3,  1838 

March        3,  1839 

63 

91 

do. 

Oft  ( 

1 

Dec.            2,  1839 

July          21,  1840 

64 

233 

do. 

26  I 

2 

Dec.            7,  1840 

March        3,  1841 

65 

87 

do. 

1 

May          81,  1841 

Sept.         13,  1841 

65 

106 

do. 

27) 

2 

Dec.            6,  1841 

August     31,  1842 

66 

269 

do. 

( 

3 

Dec.            5,  1842 

March        3,  1843 

67 

89 

do. 

oa< 

1 

Dec.            4,  1843 

June          17,  1844 

68 

196 

do. 

2°  I 

2 

Dec.            2,  1844 

March        3,  1845 

69 

92 

do. 

oq  5 

1 

Dec.           1,  1845 

August      10,  1846 

70 

253 

do. 

—  •'  < 

2 

Dec.            7,  1846 

March         3,  1847 

71 

87 

do. 

qn$ 

1 

Dec.           6,  1847 

August     14,  1848 

72 

254 

do. 

ou  < 

2 

Dec.           4,  1848 

March        3,  1849 

73 

90 

do. 

qi  5 

1 

Dec.            3,  1849 

Sept.         30,  1850 

74 

302 

do. 

• 

2 

Dec.            2,  1850 

March         3,  1851 

75 

92 

do. 

qo  ) 

1 

Dec.            1,  1851 

August     31,  1852 

76 

275 

do. 

Ow  < 

2 

Dec.            6,  1852 

March        3,  1853 

77 

88 

do. 

qq  £ 

1 

Dec.            5,  1853 

August       7,  1854 

78 

246 

do. 

OO  < 

2 

Dec.            4,  1854 

March        3,  1855 

79 

90 

do. 

f 

1 

Dec.            3,  1855 

August     18,  1856 

80 

260 

do. 

34} 

2 

August     21,  1856 

August     30,  1856 

81 

10 

do. 

( 

3 

Dec.            1,  1856 

March        8,  1857 

82 

93 

do. 

8*5 

1 

Dec.            7,  1857 

June            1,  1858 

82 

177 

do. 

OO  < 

2 

Dec.            6,  1858 

March        3,  1859 

83 

88 

do. 

„.  C 

1 

Dec.            5,  1859 

June         18,  1860 

84 

196 

do. 

£ 

2 

Dec.            3,  1860 

March        4,  1861 

85 

93 

do. 

f 

1 

July            3,  1861 

August       6,  1861 

85 

34 

do. 

87  1 

2 

Dec.            2,  1861 

July           17,  1862 

86 

228 

do. 

( 

3 

Dec.            1,  1862 

March        4,  1863 

87 

94 

do. 

A8  5 

1 

Dec.           7,  1863 

July             2,  1864 

88 

209 

do. 

C7O  < 

2 

Dec.           5,  1864 

March        4,  1865 

89 

90 

do. 

29T5 

1 

Dec.            4,  1865 

July           28,  1866 

90 

237 

do. 

M 

2 

Dec.            3,  1866 

March        4,  1867 

91 

92 

do. 

1 

1 

March        4,  1867 

March       30,  1867 

91 

26 

do. 

40J 

2 

July             3,  1867 

July          20,  1867 

91 

18 

do. 

"VS 

3 

Nov.          21,  1867 

Dec.            2,  1867 

91 

12 

do. 

I 

4 

Dec.            2,  1867 

STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


435 


SPEAKERS  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES. 

1st  Congress. 

F.  A.  Muhlenberg, 

Pennsylvania. 

2d          " 

Jonathan  Trurabull, 

Connecticut. 

3d           " 

F.  A.  Muhlenberg, 

Pennsylvania. 

4th         " 

Jonathan  Dayton, 

New  Jersey. 

pf  u               (/ 

C  Jonathan  Dayton, 

" 

ota 

(  George  Dent,  pro  tern., 

Maryland. 

6th         " 

Theodore  Sedgwick, 

Massachusetts. 

7th         " 

Nathaniel  Macon, 

North  Carolina 

8th         " 

Nathaniel  Macon, 

M 

9th         " 

Nathaniel  Macon, 

'* 

10th         " 

Joseph  B.  Varnum, 

Massachusetts. 

llth         " 

Joseph  B.  Varnum, 

u 

12th         " 

Henry  Clay, 

Kentucky. 

« 

C  Henry  Clay,            1st  session, 

14 

13th 

\  Langdon  Cheves,  2d        " 

South  Carolina. 

14th         " 

Henry  Clay, 

Kentucky. 

loth         " 

Henry  Clay, 

" 

ii'ti,          « 

C  Henry  Clay,                1st  session, 

" 

lOLtt 

1  John  W.  Taylor,        2d        " 

New  York. 

17th         " 

Philip  B.  Barbour, 

Virginia. 

18th         " 

Henry  Clay, 

Kentucky. 

19th         " 

John  J.  Taylor, 

New  York. 

20th         " 

Andrew  Stevenson, 

Virginia. 

21st          " 

Andrew  Stevenson, 

u 

22d           " 

Andrew  Stevenson, 

" 

t( 

C  Andrew  Stevenson,  1st  session, 

u 

«3d 

(  Henry  Hubbard,  pro  tern.. 

New  Hampshire, 

24th         " 

John  Bell, 

Tennessee. 

25th         " 

James  K.  Polk, 

u 

26th          " 

James  K.  Polk, 

M 

,           «« 

C  Eobert  M.  T.  Hunter, 

Virginia. 

I  John  Waite, 

Kentucky. 

C  John  W.  Jones, 

Virginia, 

28th 

(_  George  W.  Hopkins,  pro  tern. 

29th         " 

John  W.  Davis, 

Indiana. 

Qntfi          <« 

C  Eobert  C.  Winthrop, 

Massachusetts. 

Ol/tll 

i  Armistead  Burt,  pro  tern., 

South  Carolina. 

„                 u 

C  Howell  Cobb, 

Georgia. 

olSt 

(  E.  C.  Winthrop,  pro  tern., 

Massachusetts. 

32d           " 

Linn  Boyd, 

Kentucky. 

33d           " 

Linn  Boyd, 

" 

34th         " 

Nathaniel  P.  Banks, 

Massachusetts. 

35th         " 

James  L.  Orr, 

South  Carolina* 

36th         " 

William  Pennington, 

New  Jersey. 

37th         " 

Galusha  A.  Grow, 

Pennsylvania. 

38th         " 

Schuyler  Colfax, 

Indiana. 

39th         " 

Schuyler  Colfax, 

" 

40th         " 

Schuyler  Colfax, 

" 

PRESIDENTS    OF    THE    SENATE. 


VICE-PRESIDENTS  OP  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

Congresses. 

1  to       4.  John  Adams,  Massachusetts. 

5  and    6.  Thomas  Jefferson,  Virginia. 

7  and    8.  Aaron  Burr,  New  York. 

9  to     12.  George  Clinton,*  " 

13  and  14.  Elbridge  Gerry,*  Massachusetts. 

15  to     18.  Daniel  D.  Tomklns.  New  York. 

*  Died  in  office. 


436 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


Congresses. 
19  to     22. 
23  and  24. 
25  and  26. 
27. 

29  and  30. 
31. 
32. 
33. 
34. 
35. 
36. 
37. 
38. 
39. 


John  C.  Calhoun,* 
Martin  Van  Buren, 
Richard  M.  Johnson, 
John  Tyler,f 
George  M.  Dallas, 
Millard  Fillmore,t 
William  R.  King,§ 
(Vacant.) 
(Vacant.) 

John  C.  Breckenridge, 
John  C.  Breckenridge, 
Hannibal  Hamlin, 
Hannibal  Hamlin, 
Andrew  Johnson,  j| 


South  Carolina. 

New  York. 

Kentucky. 

Virginia. 

Pennsylvania. 

New  York. 

Alabama. 


Kentucky, 
u 

Maine. 
« 

Tennessee. 


PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE,  PEG  TEM. 


1st  Congress. 
2d          " 

3d          " 
4th         " 

5th        " 
6th         *• 


8th 
9th 

10th 

llth 

12th 

13th 
14th 


16th 

17th 
18th 
19th 


21st 


John  Langdon, 
(  Richard  Henry  Lee, 
(  John  Langdon, 
5  Ralph  Izard, 
<  Henry  Tazewell, 
(  Samuel  Livermore, 

1  William  Bingham, 
William  Bradford, 
Jacob  Read, 
Theodore  Sedgwick, 
John  Lawrence, 
James  Ross, 
Samuel  Livermore, 
Uriah  Tracy, 

John  E.  Howard, 
James  Hillhouse, 
t  Abraham  Baldwin, 
(  Stephen  R.  Bradley, 
f  John  Browne, 

2  Jesse  Franklin, 

(  Joseph  Anderson, 
(  Samuel  Smith, 
\  Samuel  Smith, 
C  Samuel  Smith, 

3  Stephen  R.  Bradley, 
(  John  Milledge, 

C  Andrew  Gregg, 

1  John  Gaillard, 

(  John  Pope. 

C  William  H  Crawford, 

{  Joseph  B.  Varnum, 

John  Gaillard, 

John  Gaillard, 
$  John  Gaillard, 
\  James  Barbour, 
5  James  Barbour, 
I  John  Gaillard, 

John  Gaillard, 

John  Gaillard, 

Nathaniel  Macon, 
C  Nathaniel  Macon, 
(  Samuel  Smith, 

Samuel  Smith, 


New  Hampshire. 

Virginia. 

New  Hampshire. 

South  Carolina. 

Virginia. 

New  Hampshire. 

Pennsylvania. 

Rhode  Island. 

South  Carolina. 

Massachusetts. 

New  York. 

Pennsylvania. 

New  Hampshire. 

Connecticut. 

Maryland. 

Connecticut, 

Georgia. 

Vermont. 

Kentucky. 

North  Carolina. 

Tennessee. 

Maryland. 


Vermont. 
Georgia. 
Pennsylvania. 
South  Carolina. 
Kentucky. 
Georgia. 
Massachusetts. 
South  Carolina. 


Virginia. 

South  Carolina. 
ii 

North  Carolina, 

M 

Maryland. 


*  Resigned  December  28,  1832. 

t  Became  President  by  death  of  Taylor. 

||  Became  President  by  death  of  Lincoln. 


t  Became  President  by  death  of  Harrison. 
§  Died  in  office. 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


437 


22d  Congress. 


24th 
25th 
26th 


28th 

29th 

30th 

31st 

32d 

33d 

34th 

35th 

36th 
37th 
38th 

39th 
40th 


C  Littleton  W.  Tazewell,  Virginia. 

$  Hugh  L.  White,  Tennessee. 

C  George  Poindexter,  Mississippi. 

{  John  Tyler,  Virginia. 

William  R.  King,  Alabama. 

William  R.  King,  « 

William  R.  King,  " 

C  Samuel  L.  Southard,  New  Jersey. 

£  Willie  P.  Mangum,  North  Carolina. 

Willie  P.  Mangum,  " 

David  R.  At6hison,  Missouri. 

David  R.  Atchison,  " 

William  R.  King,  Alabama. 

William  R.  King,  " 

David  R.  Atchison,  Missouri. 

Jesse  D.  Bright,  Indiana. 

Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,  Alabama. 

C  Jesse  D.  Bright,  Indiana. 

\  Solomon  Foot,  Vermont. 

Solomon  Foot,  " 

C  Solomon  Foot,  " 

£  Daniel  Clark,  New  Hampshire. 

La  Fayette  S.  Foster,  Connecticut. 

Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Ohio. 


SECRETARIES  OF  THE  SENATE 


Names. 

States. 

Time  of  appoint 
ment. 

Expiration  of  ser 
vice. 

Samuel  Allyne  Otis, 
Charles  Cutts,     . 
Walter  Lowrie,   . 
Asbury  Dickens, 
John  W.  Forney, 
George  C.  Gorham, 

Massachusetts, 
New  Hampshire 
Pennsylvania, 
North  Carolina, 
Pennsylvania, 
California, 

8  April,  1789 
11  Oct.,    1814 
12  Dec.,   1825 
12  Dec.,    183G 
15  July,    1861 
4  June,  1868 

18  April,  1814 
12  Dec.,    1825 
5  Dec.,   1836 
15  July,    1861 
4  June,   1868 

CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES. 


Names. 

States. 

Time  of  appoint 
ment. 

Expiration  of  ser 
vice. 

John  Beckley, 

Virginia, 

1  April,  1789 

15  May,    1797 

Jonathan  Williams  Condy, 

Pennsylvania, 

15  May,    1797 

9  Dec.,   1800 

John  Holt  Oswald, 

Pennsylvania, 

9  Dec.,   1800 

7  Dec.,   1801 

John  Beckley, 

Virginia, 

7  Dec.,   1801 

26  Oct.,    1807 

Patrick  Magruder, 

Maryland, 

26  Oct.,    1807 

28  Jan.,    1815 

Thomas  Dougherty,    . 

Kentucky, 

30  Jan.,    1815 

3  Dec.,    1822 

Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke, 

Pennsylvania, 

3  Dec.,   1822 

2  Dec.,   1833 

Walter  S.  Franklin,    . 

Pennsylvania, 

2  Dec.,   1833 

20  Sept.,  1838 

Hugh  A.  Garland, 

Virginia, 

3  Dec.,   1838 

31  May,    1841 

Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke, 

Pennsylvania, 

31  May,    1841 

6  Dec.,    1843 

Caleb  J.  McNulty, 

Ohio, 

6  Dec.,   1843 

18  Jan.,    1845 

Benjamin  B.  French,  . 

New  Hampshire 

18  Jan.,    1845 

7  Dec.,    1847 

Thomas  Jefferson  Campbel  , 

Tennessee, 

7  Dec.,   1847 

13  April,  1850 

Richard  M.  Young, 

Illinois, 

17  April,  1850 

1  Dec.,    1851 

John  W.  Forney, 

Pennsylvania, 

1  Dec.,   1851 

4  Feb.,    1856 

William  Cullom, 

Tennessee, 

4  Feb.,   1856 

6  Dec.,    1857 

James  C.  Allen,  .        . 

Illinois, 

6  Dec.,   1857 

3  Feb.,    1860 

John  W.  Forney, 

Pennsylvania, 

3  Feb.,   1860 

4  July,    1861 

Emerson  Etheridge,    . 

Tennessee, 

4  July,    1861 

8  Dec.,   1863 

Edward  McPherson,   . 

Pennsylvania, 

8  Dec.,   1863 

438 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


CHAPLAINS  TO  CONGRESS. 

Showing  the  names  of  clergymen  who  have  served  as  Chaplains   to  the  Senate  since  1789 ; 
also,  the  churches  to  which  they  belonged,  in  the  order  of  their  appointment. 

The  initials  opposite  the  name  signify :  B.  for  Baptist,  C.  for  Congregationalist,  D.  for 
Dutch  Reformed,  E.  for  Episcopalian,  L.  for  Lutheran,  M.  for  Methodist,  P.  for  Pres 
byterian,  R.  C.  for  Roman  Catholic,  U.  for  Universalist,  Uu.  for  Unitarian. 


Names. 


Church. 


Kt.  Rev.  Bishop  Samuel  Provost, 

Rt.  Rev.  Bishop  White, 

Rt.  Rev.  Bishop  Clagett,    . 

Rev.  Dr.  E.  Gantt, 

Rev.  A.  T.  McCormick,      . 

Rev.  Dr.  Gantt, 

Rev.  John  J.  Sayers,  . 

Rev.  Dr.  Gantt,  .... 

Rev.  A.  T.  McCormick, 

Rev.  R.  Elliott,   .... 

Rev.  M.  Wilmer, 

Rev.  O.  B.  Brown,      . 

Rev.  Walter  Addison, 

Rev.  J.  Breckenridge,  D.D. 

Rev.  Jesse  Lee,  .... 

Rev.  J.  Glendy,  .... 

Rev.  J.  Glendy,  .... 

Rev.  S.  E.  Dwight,     . 

Rev.  William  Hawley,        .        . 

Rev.  John  Clark,         .        .  ."_ _M 

Rev.  B.  Allison, 

Eev.  William  Ryland, 


E. 
E. 
E. 
E. 
E. 
E. 
E. 
E. 
E. 
P. 
E. 
B. 
E. 
P. 
M. 
P. 
P. 
C. 
E. 
P. 
B. 
M. 


Names. 

Rt.  Rev.  C.  P.  Mcllvaine,  D.D. 

Rev.  W.  Staughton,    .  •      . 

Rt.  Rev.  C.  P.  Mcllvaine,  D.D. 

Rev.  W.  Staughton,     . 

Rev.  W.  Ryland, 

Rev.  H.  V.  D.  Johns,  D.D. 

Rev.  J.  P.  Durbin,  D.D.     . 

Rev.  C.  C.  Pise, 

Rev.  T.  W.  Hatch,      . 

Rev.  E.  Y.  Higby, 

Rev.  Henry  Slicer, 

Rev.  G.  G.  Cookman,         * 

Rev.  S.  Tustin,  D.D. 

Rev.  Henry  Slicer, 

Rev.  C.  M.  Butler,  D.D.      . 

Rev.  Henry  Slicer, 

Rev.  Henry  C.  Dean, 

Rev.  Stephen  P.  Hill, 

Rev.  P.  C.  Gurley,  D.D.     . 

Rev.  Le  Roy  Sunderlaud,  D.D. 

Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  Bowman, 

Rev.  Dr.  E.  H.  Gray, 


Church. 

.  E. 

.  B. 

.  E. 

.  B. 

.  M. 


.     E. 

.    M. 

R.  C. 

E. 


E. 
M. 
M. 
P. 
M. 
E. 
M. 
M. 
B. 
P. 
P. 
M. 
B. 


Showing  the  names  of  clergymen  who  have  served  as  Chaplains  to  the  House  of  Eepre~ 

sentatives  since  1789. 


Names. 

Rev.  William  Lynn,  D.D. 
Rev.  Samuel  Blair, 
Rev.  Ashbel  Green,  D.D. 
Rev.  Thomas  Lyell,     . 
Rev.  W.  Parkinson,    . 
Rev.  W.  Bentley, 
Rev.  W.  Parkinson,    . 
Rev.  James  Laurie,  T- 
Rev.  J.  Glendy, 
Rev.  R.  Elliott, 
Rev.  O.  B.  Brown, 
Rev.  Jesse  Lee,  . 

Rev.  N.  Sneathen, 
Rev.  Jesse  Lee. 
Rev.  O.  B.  Brown, 
Rev.  S.  H.  Cone,  D.D. 
Rev.  B.  Allison, 
Rev.  J.  N.  Campbell,  . 
Rev.  Jared  Sparks,  LL.D. 
Rev.  J.  Breckenridge,  D.D. 
Rev.  H.  B.  Bascomb,  D.D. 
Rev.  Reuben  Post,  D.D.     . 
Rev.  R.  R.  Gurley, 
Rev.  Reuben  Post,  D.D.     . 
Rev.  W.  Hammett,     . 


Church. 


Names. 


Church. 


,  P.  Rev.  T.  H.  Stockton,  D.D.  .  .  M. 

.  P.  Rev.  E.  D.  Smith,  ....  P. 

,  P.  Rev.  T.  H.  Stockton,  D.D.  .  .  M. 

.  M.  Rev.  O.  C.  Comstock,  ._  ._  .  B. 

.  B.  Rev.  S.  Tustin,  D.D.  .  •--••-.--  .  p. 

,  C.  Rev.  L.  R.  Reese,  .  .  .  .  M. 

B.  Rev.  Joshua  Bates,  .  .  .  .  C. 

,  P.  Rev.  T.  W.  Braxton,  .  .  .  .  B. 

P.  Rev.  J.  W.  French,      .        .  .  .    E. 

P.  Rev.  J.  N.  Mafflt,  D.D.       .  .    M. 

B.  Rev.  J.  S.  Tiffany,       .        .  .  .    E. 

M.  Rev.  J.  S.  Tinsley,  .    B. 

M.  Rev.  W.  M.  Daily,  D.D.  .  .    M. 

M.  Rev.  W.  H.  Milburn,  .  .    M. 

B.  Rev.  W.  S.  S.  Sprole,  .  .    P. 

B.  Rev.  P.  D.  Gurley,  D.D.  .  .    P. 

B.  Rev.  L.  F.  Morgan,     .  .  .    M. 

P.  Rev.  James  Gallagher,  .  .  P. 

Un.  Rev.  W.  H.  Milburn,  .  .  M. 

P.  Rev.  Daniel  Waldo,     .        .  .  .     C. 

M.  Rev.  Daniel  Waldo,  .  C. 

,  P.  Rev.  T.  H.  Stockton,  D.D.  .  .  M. 

,  P.  Rev.  W.  H.  Channing,  .  U. 

P.  Rev.  Charles  B.  Boynton,  D.D.  .    C. 

M. 


NOTE. — The  Thirty-fifth  Congress  discontinued  the  usage  of  electing  Chaplains,  and  extended  an 
invitation  to  the  clergy  of  the  District  of  Columbia  to  alternate  in  opening  the  daily  sessions  by  prayer, 
and  in  preaching  on  the  Sabbath;  which  they  continued  to  do  until  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress;  but  tho 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  returned  to  the  old  practice. 


STATISTICAL    EE COEDS.  439 

SUCCESSIVE  ADMINISTRATIONS. 

[OFFICIALLY  PREPARED  FOR  THIS  WORK.] 
FIRST  ADMINISTRATION— 178.9  TO  1797.— EIGHT  YEARS. 

President— GEORGE  WASHINGTON,  Virginia. 

Vice- President — JOHN  ADAMS,  Massachusetts. 

Secretaries  of  State* — Thomas  Jefferson,  of  Virginia,  appointed  September  26,  1789 ; 
Edmund  Randolph,  of  Virginia,  January  2,  1794 ;  Timothy  Pickering,  of  Massachu 
setts,  December  10,  1795^ 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury— Alexander  Hamilton,  of  New  York,  September  11,  1789; 
Oliver  Wolcott,  of  Connecticut,  February  3,  1795. 

Secretaries  of  War  and  of  the  Navy^ — Henry  Knox  of  Massachusetts,  September  12, 
1789;  Timothy  Pickering,  of  Massachusetts,  January  2,  1794;  James  McHenry,  of 
Maryland,  January  27,  1796. 

Postmasters- General^ — Samuel  Osgood,  of  Massachusetts,  September  26,  1789;  Tim 
othy  Pickering,  of  Massachusetts,  November  7,  1791 ;  Joseph  Habersham,  of  Georgia, 
February  25,  1795. 

Attorneys- General — Edmund  Randolph,  of  Virginia,  September  26,  1789,  made  Secre 
tary  of  State,  January  2,  1794;  William  Bradford,  of  Pennsylvania,  January  28,  1794; 
died.  Charles  Lee,  of  Virginia,  December  10,  1795. 

SECOND  ADMINISTRATION— 1797  TO  1801.— FOUR  YEARS. 

President — JOHN  ADAMS,  Massachusetts. 

Vice- Preside nt— THOMAS  JEFFERSON,  Virginia. 

Secretaries  of  State — Timothy  Pickering,  continued  in  office ;  John  Marshall,  of  Vir 
ginia,  May  13, 1800. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury — Oliver  Wolcott,  continued  in  office ;  Samuel  Dexter  of 
Massachusetts,  May  31,  1800. 

Secretaries  of  War — James  McHenry,  continued  in  office ;  Samuel  Dexter,  of  Massa 
chusetts,  May  13,  1800;  Roger  Griswold,  of  Connecticut,  February  3,  1801. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy— George  Cabot,  of  Massachusetts,  May  3, 1798,  declined;  Ben 
jamin  Stoddert,  of  Maryland,  May  21,  1798. 

Postmaster-General— Joseph  Habersham,  continued. 

Attorney- General — Charles  Lee,  continued. 

THIRD  ADMINISTRATION— 1801  TO  1809.— EIGHT  YEARS. 

President — THOMAS  JEFFERSON,  Virginia. 

Vice- Presidents — AARON  BURR,  New  York ;  GEORGE  CLINTON,  New  York. 

Secretary  of  State — James  Madison,  of  Virginia,  March  6,  1801. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury — Samuel  Dexter,  continued  in  office ;  Albert  Gallatin,  of 
Pennsylvania,  May  14,  1802. 

Secretary  of  War — Henry  Dearborn,  of  Massachusetts,  March  4,  1801. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy — Benjamin  Stoddert,  continued  in  office ;  Robert  Smith,  of 
Maryland,  January  20,  1802 ;  Jacob  Crownshield,  of  Massachusetts,  March  2,  1805. 

Postmasters- General — Joseph  Habersham,  continued  in  office;  Gideon  Granger,  of 
Connecticut,  January  26,  1802. 

Attorneys-General — Theophilus  Parsons,  of  Massachusetts,  February  20,  1801,  de 
clined;  Levi  Lincoln,  of  Massachusetts,  March  6,1801;  resigned  in  1805.  Robert 
Smith,  of  Maryland,  March  2,  1805;  John  Breckenridge,  of  Kentucky,  December  25, 
1805 ;  Ca3sar  A.  Rodney,  of  Pennsylvania,  January  20,  1807. 

FOURTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1809  TO  1817.— EIGHT  YEARS. 

President — JAMES  MADISON,  Virginia. 

Vice- Presidents — GEORGE  CLINTON,  New  York,  ELBRIDGE  GERRY,  Massachusetts. 
Secretaries  of  State — Robert  Smith,  of  Maryland,  March  6,  1809 ;   James  Monroe,  of 
Virginia,  November  25,  1811. 

*  The  Department  of  State  was  created  by  the  Act  of  September  15,  1789,  previously  to  which,  by  Act 
of  July  27,  1789,  it  was  denominated  the  Department  of  Foreign  Affairs. 

t  The  War  Department,  as  created  by  Act  of  Congress  of  August  7,  1789,  had  also  the  superintendence 
of  Naval  Affairs.  A  separation  took  place  in  April,  1798,  when  a  Navy  Department  was  established. 

t  From  the  organization  of  the  Government  down  to  the  year  1829  the  Postmasters-General  were  not 
recognized  as  members  of  the  Cabinet,  but  are  herein  printed  as  sucu  for  the  sake  of  uniformity. 


440  STATISTICAL    RECOKDS. 


Secretaries  of  the  Treasury — Albert  Gallatin,  continued  in  office;  George  W.  Camp 
bell,  of  Tennessee,  February  9,  1814 ;  Alexander  J.  Dallas,  of  Pennsylvania,  October 
C,  1814. 

Secretaries  of  War — William  Eustis,  of  Massachusetts,  March  7,  1809 ;  John  Arm 
strong,  of  New  York,  January  19,  1813;  James  Monroe,  of  Virginia,  September  2G, 
1814;  William  H.  Crawford,  of  Georgia,  March  2,  1815. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy — Paul  Hamilton,  of  South  Carolina,  March  7,  1800 ;  William 
Jones  of  Pennsylvania,  January  12,  1813;  Benjamin  W.  Crowinshield,  of  Massachu 
setts,  December  17,  1814. 

Postmasters- General — Gideon  Granger,  continued  in  office;  E.  J.  Meigs,  of  Ohio, 
March  17,  1814. 

Attorneys- General — Caesar  A.  Rodney,  continued  in  office;  William  Pinkney,  of 
Maryland,  December  11,  1811 ;  Richard  Bush,  February  10,  1814. 

FIFTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1817  TO  1825.— EIGHT  YEARS. 

President — JAMES  MONROE,  Virginia. 

Vice- President — DANIEL  D.  TOMKINS,  New  York. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Q.  Adams,  of  Massachusetts,  March  3,  1817. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — William  H.  Crawford,  of  Georgia,  October  22,  1817. 

Secretaries  of  War — Isaac  Shelby,  of  Kentucky,  March  5,  1817,  declined  the  appoint 
ment;  John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South  Carolina,  December  1C,  1817. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy— Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield,  continued  in  office;  Smith 
Thompson,  of  New  York,  November  30,  1818;  John  Rogers,  1823;  Samuel  L.  South 
ard,  of  New  Jersey,  December  9,  1823. 

Postmasters- General — Return  J.  Meigs,  continued  in  office;  John  McLean,  of  Ohio, 
December  9,  1823. 

Attorney- General — William  Wirt,  of  Virginia,  December  15,  1817. 

SIXTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1825  TO  1829.— FOUR  YEARS. 

President — JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS,  Massachusetts. 
Vice- President — JOHN  C.  CALHOUN,  South  Carolina. 
Secretary  of  State— Henry  Clay,  of  Kentucky,  March  8,  1825. 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Richard  Rush,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  7,  1825. 
Secretaries  of  War — James  Barbour,  of  Virginia,  March  7,  1825 ;  Peter  B.  Porter,  of 
New  York,  May  26,  1828. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy— Samuel  L.  Southard,  continued  in  office. 
Postmasters- General— John  McLean,  continued  in  office. 
Attorney- General— William  Wirt,  continued  in  office. 

SEVENTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1829  TO  1837.— EIGHT  YEARS. 

President—  ANDREW  JACKSON,  Tennessee. 

Vice- Presidents — JOHN  C.  CALHOUN,  South  Carolina;  MARTIN  VANBUREN,  New  York. 

Secretaries  of  State — Martin  Van  Buren,  of  New  York,  March  6,  1829 ;  Edward  Liv 
ingston,  of  Louisiana,  1831;  Louis  McLane,  of  Delaware,  1833;  JohnForsyth,  of  Geor 
gia,  1834. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury — Samuel  D.  Ingham,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  6,  1829; 
Louis  McLane,  of  Delaware,  1831 ;  William  J.  Duane,  of  Pennsylvania,  1833 ;  Roger  B. 
Taney,  of  Maryland,  1833  (not  confirmed  by  the  Senate) ;  Lev!  Woodbury,  of  New 
Hampshire,  1834. 

Secretaries  of  War — John  H.  Eaton,  of  Tennessee,  March  9,  1829 ;  Lewis  Cass,  of 
Michigan,  1831. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy — John  Branch,  of  North  Carolina,  March  9,  1829;  Levi  Wood- 
bury,  of  New  Hampshire,  1831 ;  Mahlon  Dickerson,  of  New  Jersey,  1834. 

Postmasters- General — William  T.  Barry,*  of  Kentucky,  March  9, 1829 ;  Amos  Kendall, 
of  Kentucky,  1835. 

Attorneys- General — John  M.  Berrien,  of  Georgia,  March  9, 1829;  Roger  B.  Taney,  of 
Maryland,  December  27,  1831 ;  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of  New  York,  June  24, 1834. 

EIGHTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1837  TO  1841.— FOUR  YEARS. 
President— MARTIN  VAN  BUREN,  New  York. 

*  Before  the  accession  of  Andrew  Jackson  to  the  Presidency,  the  Postmaster-General  was  looked  npon 
as  the  head  of  a  bureau,  but  President  Jackson  invited  Mr.  Barry  to  a  seat  in  his  Cabinet  meetings, 
since  which  time  the  head  of  the  Post  Office  Department  has  been  considered  a  regular  member  of  the 
Cabinet. 


STATISTICAL    RE  COEDS.  441 


Vice- President— RICHARD  M.  JOHNSON,  Kentucky. 

Secretary  of  State— John  Forsyth,  of  Georgia,  June  27,  1834. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Levi  Woodbury,  of  New  Hampshire,  June  27,  1834. 

Secretary  of  War — Joel  R.  Potusett,  of  South  Carolina,  March  7,  1837. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy— Mahlon  Dickerson,  of  New  Jersey,  June  30,  1834;  James 
K.  Paulding,  of  New  York,  June  30,  1838. 

Postmasters- General— Amos  Kendall,  of  Massachusetts,  May  1,  1835;  John  M.  Niles, 
of  Connecticut,  May  25,  1840. 

Attorneys-General— Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of  New  York,  continued  in  office,  having 
acted  for  live  months  as  Secretary  of  War;  Felix  Grundy,  of  Tennessee,  September  1, 
1838 ;  Henry  D.  Gilpin,  of  Pennsylvania,  January  10,  1840. 

NINTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1841  TO  1845.— FOUR  YEARS. 

President— General  WILLIAM  HENRY  HARRISON,  Ohio.    Died  April  4,  1841. 

Vice- President — JOHN  TYLER,  Virginia. 

President — JOHN  TYLER,  Virginia  (from  April  4,  1841). 

Secretaries  of  State — Daniel  Webster,  of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1841 ;  Hugh  S. 
Legare,  of  South  Carolina,  May  9,  1843,  died  June  20,  1843;  Abel  P.  TJpshur,  of  Vir 
ginia,  June  24,  1843,  died  February  28,  1844;  John  Nelson,  acting,  February  29,  1844; 
John  C.  Calhouu,  of  South  Carolina,  March  6,  1844. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury — Thomas  Ewing,  of  Ohio,  March  5,  1841 ;  Walter  For 
ward,  of  Pennsylvania,  September  13,  1841;  John  C.  Spencer,  of  New  York,  March  3, 
1843;  George  M.  Bibb,  of  Kentucky,  June  15,  1844. 

Secretaries  of  War — John  Bell,  of  Tennessee,  March  5,  1841 ;  John  C.  Spencer,  of 
New  York,  October  12,  1841,  transferred  to  Treasury  Department;  James  M.  Porter, 
of  Pennsylvania,  March  8,  1843,  rejected  by  the  Senate;  William  Wilkins,  of  Pennsyl 
vania,  February  15,  1844. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy— George  E.  Badger,  of  North  Carolina,  March  5, 1841 ;  Abel  P. 
Upshur,  of  Virginia,  September  13, 1841,  transferred  to  Department  of  State ;  David  Hen- 
shaw,  of  Massachusetts,  July  24,  1843,  rejected  by  the  Senate ;  Thomas  W.  Gilmer,  of 
Virginia,  February  15,  1844,  died  February  28, 1844;  JohnY.  Mason,  of  Virginia,  March 
14,  1844. 

Postmasters-General— Francis  Granger,  of  New  York,  March  6,  1841;  Charles  A. 
Wicklifle,  of  Kentucky,  September  13,  1841. 

Attorneys-General — John  J.  Crittenden,  of  Kentucky,  March  5,  1841 ;  Hugh  S.  Le 
gare,  of  South  Carolina,  September  13,  1841,  died;  John  Nelson,  of  Maryland,  January 
2,  1844. 

TENTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1845  TO  1849.— FOUR  YEARS. 

President— JAMES  KNOX  POLK,  Tennessee. 

Vice- President — GEORGE  M.  DALLAS,  Pennsylvania. 

Secretary  of  State— James  Buchanan,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  5,  1845. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Robert  J.  Walker,  of  Mississippi,  March  5,  1845. 

Secretary  of  War — William  L.  Marcy,  of  New  York,  March  5,  1845. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — George  Bancroft,  of  Massachusetts,  March,  1845 ;  John  Y. 
Mason,  of  Virginia,  in  1846. 

Postmaster- General— Cave  Johnson,  of  Tennessee,  March  5,  1845. 

Attorneys- General — John  Y.  Mason,  of  Virginia,  March  5,  1845;  Nathan  Clifford,  of 
Maine,  December  23,  1846;  Isaac  Toucey,  of  Connecticut,  June  21,  1848. 

ELEVENTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1849  TO  1853,— FOUR  YEARS. 

President— ZACHARY  TAYLOR,  Louisiana.    Died  July  9,  1850. 

Vice- President — MILLARD  FILLMORE,  New  York. 

President— MILLARD  FILLMORE,  New  York.  Succeeded  Zachary  Taylor,  on  his 
death,  July  9,  1850. 

Secretaries  of  State— John  M.  Clayton,  of  Delaware,  March  7,  1849 ;  Daniel  Webster, 
of  Massachusetts,  July  20,  1850,  died  October  24,  1852 ;  Edward  Everett,  of  Massachu 
setts,  November,  1852. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury— William  M.  Meredith,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  7,  1849 ; 
Thomas  Corwin,  of  Ohio,  July  20,  1850. 

Secretaries  of  War— George  W.  Crawford,  of  Georgia,  March  7, 1849;  Winfield  Scott, 
we/interim,  July  23,  1850;  Charles  M.  Conrad,  of  Louisiana,  August  15,  1850. 

Secretaries  of  the  Navy— William  B.  Preston,  of  Virginia,  March  7,  1849;  William  A. 
Graham,  of  North  Carolina,  July  20,  1850;  John  P.  Kennedy,  of  Maryland,  in  1852. 

Secretaries  of  the  Interior — Thomas  Ewing,  of  Ohio,  March  7, 1849 ;  Alexander  H.  H. 
Stuart,  of  Virginia,  September  12,  1850. 


442  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


Postmasters- General — Jacob  Collamer,  of  Vermont,  March  7,  1849;  Nathan  K.  Hall, 
of  New  York,  July  20,  1850;  Samuel  D.  Hubbard,  of  Connecticut,  1852. 

Attorneys-General — Reverdy  Johnson,  of  Maryland,  March  7,  1849;  John  J.  Critten- 
den,  of  Kentucky,  July  20,  1850. 

TWELFTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1853  TO  1857.— FOUR  YEARS. 

President— FRANKLIN  FIERCE,  New  Hampshire. 
Vice- President— WILLIAM  R.  KING,  Alabama.    Died  April  18,  1853. 
Secretary  of  State — William  L.  Marcy,  of  New  York,  March  7, 1853. 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury— James  Guthrie,  of  Kentucky,  March  7,  1853. 
Secretary  of  War — Jefferson  Davis,  of  Mississippi,  March  7,  1853. 
Secretary  of  the  Navy — James  C.  Dobbin,  of  North  Carolina,  March  7,  1853. 
Secretary  of  the  Interior — Robert  McClelland,  of  Michigan,  March  7,  1853. 
Postmaster-General — James  Campbell,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  7,  1853. 
Attorney-General — Caleb  Cushing,  of  Massachusetts,  March  7,  1853. 

THIRTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1857  TO  1861.— FOUR  YEARS. 

President — JAMES  BUCHANAN,  Pennsylvania. 

Vice- President — JOHN  C.  BRECKINRIDGE,  Kentucky. 

Secretaries  of  State — Lewis  Cass,  of  Michigan,  March,  1857;  Jeremiah  S.  Black,  of 
Pennsylvania,  December,  I860. 

Secretaries  of  the  Treasury — Howell  Cobb,  of  Georgia,  March,  1857;  Philip  F. 
Thomas,  of  Maryland,  December,  1860;  John  A.  Dix,  of  New  York,  January,  1861. 

Secretaries  of  War — John  B.  Floyd,  of  Virginia,  March,  1857 ;  Joseph  Holt,  of  Ken 
tucky,  December,  1860. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Isaac  Toucey,  of  Connecticut,  March,  1857. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Jacob  Thompson,  of  Mississippi,  March,  1857. 

Postmasters- General — Aaron  V.  Brown,  of  Tennessee,  March,  1857,  died;  Joseph 
Holt,  of  Kentucky,  March,  1859;  Horatio  King,  of  Maine,  February  12,  1SG1. 

Attorneys- General — Jeremiah  S.  Black,  of  Pennsylvania,  March,  1857;  Edwin  M. 
Stanton,  of  Ohio,  December,  1860. 

FOURTEENTH  ADMINISTRATION— 1861  TO  1869.— EIGHT  YEARS. 

President — ABRAHAM  LINCOLN,  of  Illinois.    Died  April  15,  1865. 

Vice- Presidents — HANNIBAL,  HAMLIN,  of  Maine ;  ANDREW  JOHNSON,  of  Tennessee, 
March  4,  1865. 

President — ANDREW  JOHNSON,  of  Tennessee,  succeeded  Abraham  Lincoln,  on  his 
death,  April  15,  1865. 

Secretary  of  State— William  H.  Seward,  of  New  York,  March,  1861. 

Secretaries'  of  the  Treasury — Salmon  P.  Chase,  of  Ohio,  March,  1861 ;  William  P. 
Fessenden,  of  Maine,  July  1,  1864;  Hugh  McCulloch,  of  Indiana,  March,  1865. 

Secretaries  of  War — Simon  Cameron,  of  Pennsylvania,  March,  1861 ;  Edwin  M. 
Stanton,  of  Ohio,  January,  1862.  Suspended  August  12,  1867,  and  General  Ulysses  S. 
Grant  appointed  ad  interim  ;  but,  by  order  of  the  Senate,  Mr.  Stanton  was  reinstated  in 
the  War  Office,  January  14,  1868.  On  the  21st  February,  1868,  Mr.  Stanton  was  re 
moved  from  office,  and  Major-General  Lorenzo  Thomas,  the  Adjutant-General,  was 
appointed  Secretary  of  War  ad  interim;  but  the  Senate  did  not  concur,  and  Mr.  Stanton 
continued  in  office.  The  Senate,  as  a  Court  of  Impeachment,  having  failed,  Mr. 
Stanton,  on  the  26th  of  May,  1868,  voluntarily  retired  from  the  War  Department.  John 
M.  Schofleld,  of  Illinois,  May  80,  1868. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Gideon  Welles,  of  Connecticut,  March,  1861. 

Secretaries  of  the  Interior — Caleb  B.  Smith,  of  Indiana,  March,  1861,  resigned  De 
cember,  1862 ;  John  P.  Usher,  of  Indiana,  January,  1863 ;  James  Harlan,  of  Iowa, 
May,  1865 ;  O.  H.  Browning,  of  Illinois,  appointed  in  July,  1866,  but  did  not  enter  upon 
his  duties  until  September  1,  1866. 

Postmasters- General — Montgomery  Blair,  of  Maryland,  March,  1861 ;  William  Den- 
nison,  of  Ohio,  October,  1864 ;  Alexander  W.  Randall,  of  Wisconsin,  July,  1866. 

Attorneys- General— Edward  Bates,  of  Missouri,  March,  1861;  James  Speed  of  Ken 
tucky,  December,  1864 ;  H.  F.  Stanbery,  of  Kentucky,  July,  1866. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  443 


CABINET  MINISTERS  WHO  HAVE  NOT  SERVED  IN 

CONGRESS. 

tWith  a  view  of  making  more  complete  the  present  record  of  Cabinet  Ministers,  It 
has  been  deemed  advisable  to  submit  the  following  brief  sketches  of  those  who  have 
not  served  in  Congress ;  while  those  who  were  in  Congress  will  be  found  duly  noticed 
in  the  body. of  this  volume.] 

BANCROFT,  GEORGE. — Born  in  Worcester,  Massachusetts,  in  1800 ;  commenced  his 
education  at  Exeter  Academy,  New  Hampshire,  and  graduated  at  Cambridge  Univer 
sity,  in  1817;  in  1818  he  visited  Europe,  studied  at  Gottengen  and  Berlin,  and  travelled 
extensively;  in  1823  he  published  a  volume  of  Poems;  in  1824  a  translation  of"  Heeren's 
Politics  of  Greece ; "  and  became  a  frequent  contributor  to  the  "  North  American  "  and 
other  reviews.  On  his  return  from  Europe  he  spent  one  year  as  a  Tutor  at  Harvard; 
was  at  the  head  of  the  Kouud  Hill  School  at  Northampton ;  from  1838  to  1841  he  was 
Collector  of  Boston,  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren ;  in  1844  he  was  an  unsuccess 
ful  candidate  for  the  Governorship  of  Massachusetts ;  in  1845  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Polk,  Secretary  of  the  Navy;  in  1846  he  was  appointed  Minister  to  Great 
Britain,  remaining  there  until  1849 ;  on  his  return  he  settled  in  New  York  and  became 
an  active  member  of  various  learned  societies.  In  1834  he  published  the  first  volume 
of  his  "  History  of  the  United  States,"  since  which  time,  eight  additional  volumes 
have  appeared ;  in  1855  he  published  his  "  Literary  and  Historical  Miscellanies ;"  in 
1865,  by  invitation  of  Congress  he  delivered,  in  the  Capitol,  an  oration  on  the  death  of 
Abraham  Lincoln ;  and  in  1867  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Johnson,  Minister  to 
Prussia. 

BLACK,  JEREMIAH  S. — He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  about  the  year  1807;  received  a 
good  education;  studied  law,  and,  after  devoting  himself  to  the  practice  for  ten  years, 
he  was  appointed,  in  1851,  a  Judge  in  Somerset  County  which  office  he  held  until  1857 ; 
and  during  the  latter  year  he  went  into  the  Cabinet  of  President  Buchanan,  as  Attor 
ney-General. 

BLAIR,  MONTGOMERY. — He  was  born  in  Franklin  County,  Kentucky,  May  10,  1813; 
was  educated  at  the  West  Point  Academy ;  served  in  the  Florida  War  under  General 
Scott;  studied  law  and  settled  in  the  practice  of  the  profession  at  St.  Louis  in  1839 ; 
was  Mayor  of  that  city  in  1842 ;  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  from  1843  to 
1849,  when  he  resigned ;  in  1852  he  removed  to  Maryland ;  practised  his  profession  in 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  and  was  one  of  the  Counsel  in  the  Dred  Scott 
case ;  was  appointed  Solicitor  of  the  Court  of  Claims  by  President  Pierce ;  in  1860  he 
acted  as  President  of  the  "  Maryland  Republican  Convention  "  and  as  a  Presidential 
Elector  at  the  subsequent  Election ;  and  by  President  Lincoln,  he  was  appointed,  in 
1861,  Postmaster-General,  resigning  the  position  in  October,  1864.  His  brother,  F.  P. 
Blair,  Jr.,  was  a  member  of  Congress,  and  his  father,  Francis  P.  Blair,  was  for  many 
years  a  Public  Printer,  in  Washington,  in  conjunction  with  John  C.  Rives. 

BRADFORD,  WILLIAM. — Born  in  Philadelphia  in  1755;  graduated  a  Princeton  in  1772, 
With  a  high  reputation  for  talents ;  he  was  engaged  in  the  study  of  law  at  the  out 
break  of  the  Revolution,  but  entered  the  army  as  Major  of  Brigade  to  General  Rober- 
deau ;  he  next  commanded  a  company  of  regular  troops  under  Colonel  Hampton ;  he 
was  then  appointed  Deputy  Muster-Master-General  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant-Colo 
nel,  which  office  ill  health  compelled  him  to  resign  after  serving  two  years ;  he  returned 
to  the  study  of  law,  and  in  1779  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
Pennsylvania ;  in  August,  1790,  he  was  appointed  Attorney-General  of  the  State ;  in 
1791  was  commissioned  as  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  which  office  he  held  until  1794, 
when  he  was  appointed  Attorney-General  of  the  United  States ;  in  1793  he  published 
an  "  Inquiry  how  far  the  Punishment  of  Death  is  Necessary  in  Pennsylvania,"  with 
notes  and  illustrations ;  and,  in  the  earlier  periods  of  his  life,  some  of  his  poetical  pro 
ductions  were  published  in  the  "  Philadelphia  Magazine."  He  died  August  23,  1793. 

BUTLER,  BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN.— He  was  born  in  Kinderhook,  New  York,  December 
14,  1795 ;  studied  law  with  Martin  Van  Buren,  and  after  his  admission  to  the  bar,  in 
1817,  became  the  law  partner  of  his  law  preceptor;  in  1821  he  was  appointed  District 
Attorney  for  the  City  of  Albany ;  in  1824  he  was  appointed  one  of  three  lawyers  to  re 
vise  the  laws  of  Ne\v  York;  in  1827  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature;  in  1829 
he  was  appointed  a  Regent  of  the  New  York  University,  resigning  the  position  in  1832; 
in  ISO  he  was  appointed  a  Commissioner  to  settle  a  dispute  between  the  States  of  New 
York  and  New  Jersey;  in  November  of  the  same  year  he  went  into  President  Jackson's 
Cabinet  as  Attorney-General,  and  continued  in  the  office  one  year  with  President  Van 
Buren ;  from  October,  1836,  to  March,  1837,  he  officiated  as  Secretary  of  War ;  in  1845 


444  STATISTICAL    EECORDS. 


he  was  a  Presidential  Elector,  and  he  was  subsequently  twice  appointed  United  States 
Attorney  for  the  Southern  District  of  New  York.  In  October,  1858,  he  went  to  Europe 
for  the  improvement  of  his  health,  and  in  a  few  weeks  thereafter  he  died  at  Paris. 
From  his  funeral  sermon,  preached  in  New  York  City  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  B. 
Sprague,  we  learu  that  he  was  a  man  of  superior  ability  and  high  character. 

DALLAS,  ALEXANDER  J. — Born  on  the  Island  of  Jamaica,  June  21,  1759.  His  father 
was  from  Scotland.  He  received  an  excellent  education  at  Edinburgh  and  Westmin 
ster,  and  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1783,  and  settled  at  Philadelphia,  where  he 
studied  law  and  established  himself  in  practice.  He  was  engaged  in  literary  pursuits ; 
was  a  frequent  contributor  to  periodicals,  and  at  one  time  Editor  of  the  "  Columbian 
Magazine."  He  prepared  a  system  of  law  reports  which  were  published  in  four  volumes. 
In  January,  1791,  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  Pennsylvania,  and  held  the  office  until 
1801,  when  he  was  appointed  District  Attorney  of  the  United  States  for  the  Eastern 
District  of  Pennsylvania;  in  October,  1814,  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
of  the  United  States,  and  for  a  time  performed  the  duties  of  Secretary  of  War  in  addi 
tion  ;  in  September,  1816,  he  resigned,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Philadel 
phia;  died  January  16,  1817.  He  published  "Features  of  Jay's  Treaty,"  in  1795,  and 
various  speeches,  reports  and  addresses,  and  left  unfinished  a  "  History  of  Penn 
sylvania." 

DENNISON,  WILLIAM.— Born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  November  23,  1815;  graduated  at 
the  Miami  University  in  1835;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1840;  settled  in  Co 
lumbus  where  he  practised  his  profession  until  1848 ;  during  that  year  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature;  in  1852  he  was  a  Presidential  Elector;  and  about  that  time  was  made 
President  of  the  Exchange  Bank  of  Columbus,  and  also  President  of  the  Columbus 
and  Xenia  Railroad  Company;  in  1856  he  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  Pittsburgh  Conven 
tion,"  which  inaugurated  the  Republican  party,  and  took  an  active  part  in  its  proceed 
ings;  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  "Philadelphia  Convention"  of  the  same  year;  in 
1860  and  1861  he  was  Governor  of  Ohio,  and  did  much  towards  organizing  the  Volun 
teer  army  for  subduing  the  Rebellion ;  he  was  Chairman  of  the  "Ohio  Convention" 
held  in  1862;  a  Delegate  to-the  "Baltimore  Convention"  of  1864,  over  which  he  pre 
sided  as  President;  and  in  October,  1864,  he  became  a  member  of  President  Lincoln's 
Cabinet  as  Postmaster-General,  which  position  he  resigned. 

DUANE,  WILLIAM  J. — He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  in  1780,  and  was  appointed  by 
President  Jackson,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  which  office  he  held  only  for  a  few  months 
during  the  year  1823. 

FLOYD,  JOHN  B. — He  was  born  in  Montgomery,  now  Pulaski  County,  Virginia,  in 
1805,  and  was  the  son  of  John  Floyd,  formerly  a  member  of  Congress.  He  was  a  stu 
dent  at  the  Georgetown  College,  District  of  Columbia,  but  graduated  at  the  State  Col 
lege  of  South  Carolina,  in  1826;  from  1836  to  1839  he  resided  in  Arkansas;  from  1847 
to  1849  he  served  in  the  Virginia  Legislature ;  was  Governor  of  Virginia  from  1849  to 
1852;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  Cincinnati  Convention  of  1856;  was  Secretary  of  War  in 
the  administration  of  President  Buchanan,  and  in  1860  caused  an  extensive  transfer  of 
arms  from  Northern  to  Southern  Arsenals ;  and  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  join  the  Re 
bellion,  in  which  he  took  a  leading  part  as  a  Brigadier-General.  He  died  at  Abiugdon, 
Virginia,  August  27,  1863. 

.  GILPIN,  HENRY  D.— He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  in  1801 ;  was  well  educated;  and 
long  a  successful  lawyer.  In  January,  1840,  he  went  into  President  Van  Buren's  Cabinet 
as  Attorney-General,  where  he  remained  until  March,  1841.  Died  in  1860. 

GRANGER,  GIDEON.— Born  in  Suffield,  Connecticut,  July  19,  1767;  graduated  at  Yale 
College  in  1787,  and  in  the  following  year  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Connecticut,  where  he  practised  with  great  distinction.  In  1793  he  was  elect 
ed  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  and  continued  in  that  body  several  years.  To  his  exer 
tions  the  State  is  principally  indebted  for  its  school  fund.  In  1801  he  was  appointed 
Postmaster-General  of  the  United  States,  and  continued  in  that  office  until  1814,  when 
he  removed  to  the  State  of  New  York.  In  1819  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate, 
which  situation  he  resigned  in  1821,  on  account  of  ill  health.  He  did  much  to  promote 
internal  improvements  of  the  State ;  and  gave  one  thousand  acresof  land  in  aid  of  thecanal. 
He  died  in  Canandaigua,  December  31,  1822.  His  writings  were  confined  almost  en 
tirely  to  political  subjects ;  his  principal  publications  were  written  in  favor  of  the  ad 
ministrations  of  President  Jefferson  and  Governor  Clinton,  and  on  the  school  fund  of 
Connecticut.  He  was  an  able  speaker  and  a  powerful  writer. 

HAMILTON,  PAUL. — Born  in  South  Carolina ;  was  a  patriot  of  the  Revolution ;  was 
appointed,  in  1799,  Comptroller  of  South  Carolina,  which  office  he  held  over  five  years. 


STATISTICAL    BECOBDS.  445 


In  1804  he  was  elected  Governor  of  the  State.  In  1809  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Navy,  and  held  the  office  until  1812,  when  he  resigned.  He  died  at  Beaufort,  June 
SO,  1816. 

HENSHAW,  DAVID.— Born  in  Leicester,  Massachusetts,  April  2,  1791,  and  his  father 
was  a  patriot  of  the  Kevolution;  he  received  a  common-school  education;  while  yet  a 
young  man  he  went  into  the  drug  business,  but  devoted  much  of  his  attention  to  writ 
ing  on  politics ;  he  was  for  nine  years  Collector  of  Customs  for  the  Port  of  Boston ; 
was  appointed  in  1843,  by  President  Tyler,  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  and,  after  holding 
the  office  for  nearly  a  year,  was  rejected  by  the  Senate.  He  took  an  important  part  iu 
the  earlier  railroad  operations  of  his  State,  and  was  one  of  the  projectors  of  the 
Boston  and  Worcester  and  Providence  Railroads.  Died  in  Leicester,  November  11, 
1852. 

HOLT,  JOSEPH. — Born  in  Breckenridge  County,  Kentucky,  January  6,  1807 ;  was  edu 
cated  at  the  St.  Joseph  and  Centre  Colleges  of  that  State;  studied  law,  came  to  the  bar 
iu  1828 ,  and  settled  in  Louisville.  For  two  years  he  was  Attorney  for  the  Common 
wealth  ;  was  a  visitor  to  West  Point  in  1835,  appointed  by  President  Jackson ;  a  Delegate 
to  the  "Baltimore  Convention"  of  that  year,  in  which  he  vindicated  R.  M.  Johnson 
from  certain  political  imputations  made  against  him ;  from  1835  to  1840  he  resided  iu 
Mississippi,  practising  his  profession,  when  he  returned  to  Louisville ;  from  1848  to 
1851  he  travelled  in  Europe  and  the  East,  going  up  the  Nile  and  visiting  Jerusalem. 
In  1857  he  settled  in  Washington  City,  and  was  soon  afterwards  appointed,  by  President 
Buchanan,  Commissioner  of  Patents;  in  1859  he  went  into  the  Cabinet  as  Postmaster- 
General;  in  1860  he  was  placed  ad  interim  at  the  head  of  the  War  Department  and 
subsequently  confirmed  as  Secretary;  in  1861  he  was  a  Commissioner  for  adjusting  the 
war  claims  of  Missouri;  early  in  1862  he  was  a  Commissioner  on  Ordnance;  in  the  lat 
ter  part  of  the  year  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln,  Judge  Advocate  General ; 
and  in  1861  he  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  Bureau  of  Military  Justice.  In  Novem 
ber,  18G4,  President  Lincoln  invited  him  into  the  Cabinet  as  Attorney-General,  which 
he  declined. 

KENDALL,  AMOS. — He  was  born  in  Dunstable,  Massachusetts,  August  16,  1789 ;  com 
menced  his  education  while  a  farmer's  boy  at  the  Academies  of  New  Ipswich  and 
Groton ;  taught  school  at  North  Reading,  and  with  the  money  thus  obtained  entered 
Dartmouth  College  and  graduated  with  honor.  In  1811  he  commenced  the  study  of 
law;  in  1814  he  visited  Washington  City,  and  thence  went  to  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
where  he  was  a  tutor  for  one  year  in  the  family  of  Henry  Clay ;  in  1816  he  was  appoint 
ed  Postmaster  of  Georgetown,  Kentucky,  and  while  practising  his  profession,  edited  a 
newspaper  called  the  "Argus,"and  for  many  years  he  was  a  constant  writer  for  the  polit 
ical  press ;  became  a  Director  in  the  Bank  of  the  Commonwealth ;  in  1829  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Jackson,  Fourth  Auditor  of  the  Treasury;  and  iu  May,  1835,  he 
was  promoted  to  the  position  of  Postmaster-General,  in  which  position  he  continued 
under  President  Van  Bureu,  until  May,  1840.  He  subsequently  took  up  his  permanent 
residence  in  Washington  City.  Soon  after  the  claims  of  Professor  Morse,  in  regard  to 
the  telegraph,  had  been  recognized  by  Congress,  he  became  identified  with  the  practi 
cal  workings  of  that  invention.  He  was  also  the  founder  of  the  Deaf  and  Dumb 
Institution  in  Washington ;  and,  at  the  cost  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars,  he  built, 
as  a  memorial  to  his  wife,  the  Baptist  Calvary  Church  of  Washington.  In  1866  he 
went  to  Europe  on  a  tour  of  pleasure,  extending  his  travels  even  to  the  Holy  Land;  and 
is  said  to  be  engaged  in  writing  a  "  History  of  his  Life  and  Times."  He  is  also  the 
author  of  a  Life  of  Andrew  Jackson. 

KING  HORATIO.— He  was  born  in  Paris,  Oxford  County,  Maine,  June  21,  1811,  his 
grandfather  and  three  uncles  having  fought  in  the  Revolution ;  received  a  good  common- 
school  education;  when  quite  young  he  became  identified  as  printer  and  publisher  with 
a  newspaper  called  "  The  Jeffersoniau "  which  was  finally  merged  in  "The  Eastern  Ar 
gus  ;  "  in  1839  he  settled  in  Washington  City  as  a  clerk  in  the  Post  Office  Department, 
where  he  continued,  and  received  various  promotions ;  in  1850,  he  became  connected 
with  the  foreign  mail  service,  in  which  capacity  he  originated  and  perfected  certain 
postal  arrangements  of  great  importance ;  in  1854  he  was  appointed  First  Assistant 
Postmaster-General,  and  in  January,  1861,  while  acting  as  Postmaster-General,  he  was 
questioned  by  a  member  of  Congress,  from  South  Carolina,  in  regard  to  the  franking 
privilege,  when,  by  his  reply,  he  was  the  first  officially  to  deny  the  power  of  a  State  to 
take  itself  out  of  the  Union.  From  President  Buchanan  he  received  the  appointment 
of  Postmaster-General,  serving  from  the  12th  of  February  until  the  4th  of  March,  1861 ; 
and  during  the  existence  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  appointed  one  of  a  Board  of  Com 
missioners  to  carry  out  the  Emancipation  Law  for  the  District  of  Columbia;  and  he 
also  served  gratuitously  as  Treasurer  of  the  Maine  Soldiers'  Relief  Association. 


446  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


Kxox,  HENRY. — Born  iu  Boston,  July  25,  1750,  and  received  his  education  at  the 
schools  in  that  town.  Before  the  Revolution  he  was  made  a  Captain  of  an  Indepen 
dent  Company  of  Militia,  in  Boston,  and,  having  had  some  experience,  at  the  commence 
ment  of  hostilities,  he  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  Artillery.  In  1776  the  corps  was 
increased  to  three  regiments,  and  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier-General. 
He  was  actively  engaged  during  the  whole  contest,  and  after  the  capture  of  Cornwallis, 
in  1781,  he  received  the  commission  of  Major-General.  In  March,  1785,  he  was  ap 
pointed  Secretary  of  War,  and,  after  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  Washington  ap 
pointed  him  to  the  same  office.  In  1794  he  resigned  the  office,  and  retired  to  private 
life,  at  which  time  Washington  assured  him  of  his  friendship,  and  declared  him  to  have 
"deserved  well  of  his  country."  He  settled  at  Thomaston,  Maine,  where  he  died 
October  25,  1806. 

LEE,  CHARLES.— Was  a  native  of  Virginia,  an  eminent  lawyer,  a  member  of  the 
State  Legislature,  and  was  appointed  by  Washington  to  succeed  William  Bradford,  as 
Attorney-General  of  the  United  States  in  1795,  serving  until  1801.  He  was  subsequent 
ly  appointed,  by  Jeffer-ion,  Chief  Justice  ot  the  Circuit  Court  of  the  United  States  for 
the  Fourth  Circuit,  but  declined  accepting  the  office.  He  died  in  Farquhar  County, 
Virginia,  June,  1815. 

McCuxLOCH,  HUGH. — He  was  born  in  Kennebunk,  Maine ;  in  1824  he  entered  Bow- 
doin  College,  but  left  in  his  sophomore  year,  on  account  of  his  health ;  studied  law, 
and  on  being  admitted  to  practice,  removed  to  Fort  Wayne,  Indiana,  in  1833;  in  1835 
he  was  chosen  Cashier  of  the  Branch  of  the  State  Bank  of  Indiana,  and  as  such, 
and  also  as  a  Director,  he  was  connected  with  it  until  1857;  in  that  year  he 
was  elected  President  of  the  State  Bank,  in  which  position  he  continued  until  1863 ;  by 
President  Lincoln  he  was  soon  afterwards  appointed  Comptroller  of  the  Currency, 
which  bureau  he  organized  and  put  into  successful  operation ;  and  in  March,  18G5,  he 
entered  the  Cabinet  as  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

MEREDITH,  WILLIAM  M. — Having  tiled,  but  in  vain,  to  obtain  a  proper  notice  of  this 
gentleman,  the  present  blank  is  a  necessity. 

PAULDING,  JAMES  K.— Born  in  Duchess  County,  New  York,  August  22,  1778 ;  spent 
his  boyhood  on  his  father's  farm ;  and  in  1797  he  obtained  a  clerkship  iu  New  York 
City,  where  he  commenced,  and  long  continued  his  labors,  as  a  man  of  letters.  His 
first  book  was  "  Salmagundi,"  published  in  1807 ;  in  1812  he  issued  the  "  History  of 
John  Bull  and  Brother  Jonathan,"  and  in  1813  the  "Lay  of  the  Scotch  Fiddle; "  in 
1815  he  was  made  Secretary  of  a  Board  of  Navy  Commissioners ;  in  1817  he  published 
"Letters  from  the  South;  "  iu  1818  the  "Backwoodsman;  "  in  1822  "  A  Sketch  of  Old 
England;"  in  1824  he  was  appointed  Navy  Agent  at  New  York;  in  1825  appeared  his 
"  John  Bull  in  America;  "  in  1831  the  "  Dutchman's  Fireside;  "  and  in  1832  "  Westward 
Ho."  In  1838  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Van  Buren,  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 
from  which  office  he  retired  in  1841,  and  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life  in  retirement 
iu  the  county  where  he  was  born.  Died  April  5,  1860. 

RANDALL,  ALEXANDER  W. — He  was  born  in  Montgomery  County,  New  York,  in  Oc 
tober,  1819;  received  a  good  education,  and  studied  law;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in 
1840;  practised  his  profession  for  many  years  at  Waukesha;  Avas  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Taylor,  Postmaster  of  that  place;  in  1854  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature, 
in  1856  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Second  Judicial  District  of  the  State;  in  1857 
and  1859  he  was  elected  Governor  of  Wisconsin;  early  in  1861  he  was  appointed,  by 
.President  Lincoln,  Minister  Resident  to  Italy;  on  his  return,  at  the  close  of  the  war, 
he  was  appointed  Assistant  Postmaster-General,  and  in  1866  he  entered  President 
Johnson's  Cabinet  as  Postmaster- General. 

RUSH,  RICHARD. — Born  in  Philadelphia,  August  29,  1780,  and  was  the  son  of  Benja 
min  Hush;  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1797;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar 
in  1800;  in  1811  he  was  made  Attorney-General  of  the  State,  and  soon  afterwards  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Madison,  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury;  on  the  4th  of  July,  1812, 
by  request,  he  delivered  an  oration  in  the  Capitol ;  in  1814  he  was  appointed  Attorney- 
General  of  the  United  States,  having  declined  the  Treasury  Department;  for  a  few 
months  he  performed  the  duties  of  Secretary  of  State,  under  President  Monroe ;  in 
1817  he  was  appointed  Minister  to  England,  serving  until  1825;  he  was  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury,  under  President  J.  Q.  Adams ;  was  the  candidate  for  Vice-Presideut  on 
the  ticket  with  Adams ;  in  1847  he  was  appointed  Minister  to  France,  by  President  Polk, 
remaining  in  office  ten  years.  In  1833  he  published  "  A  Residence  at  the  Court  of  St. 
James;"  a  Sequel  to  it  in  1845;  in  1857,  "Familiar  Letters  of  Washington ;"  and 
in  1860  a  volume  of  "  Occasional  Productions  "  was  published.  He  took  a  leading 
part  in  securing  the  fund  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  antt  was  a  Regent  of  the  same ; 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  447 


and  published  various  papers  and  addresses  on  literary  and  political  topics.    Died  in 
Philadelphia,  July  30,  1859. 

SCHOFIELD,  JOHN  MCALLISTER. — Born  in  Chautauque  County,  New  York,  Septem 
ber  29,  1831 ;  removed  to  Illinois  with  his  parents,  when  a  boy;  graduated  at  the  West 
Point  Academy  in  1853  amd  made  a  Second  Lieutenant  in  the  Second  Artillery ;  was 
lirst  stationed  in  South  Carolina  and  Florida;  was  an  instructor  in  Natural  Philosophy, 
at  West  Point,  for  five  years ;  in  1860  was  granted  leave  of  absence  to  occupy  the  chair 
of  Natural  Philosophy,  in  Washington  University,  at  St.  Louis;  on  the  commencement 
of  hostilities  in  I860  he  was  detailed  by  the  War  Department  to  raise  troops  and  was 
appointed  Major  of  the  First  Missouri  Volunteers;  in  1861  he  was  appointed  a  Captain 
in  the  Regular  Army;  was  Chief  of  General  Lyon's  -Staff  as  Assistant  Adjutant  when 
the  heroic  General  fell  at  Wilson's  Creek,  and  acquitted  himself  with  great  gallantry ; 
November,  1861,  he  was  made  a  Brigadier-General  of  Volunteers ;  in  June,  1862,  the 
entire  State  of  Missouri  was  placed  under  his  command;  in  October  following  he  won 
the  battle  of  Maysvil'e,  near  Pea  Ridge,  in  Arkansas ;  soon  after  that  he  was  commis 
sioned  a  Major-General  of  Volunteers,  and  in  1864  a  Brigadier-General  in  the  Regular 
Army,  and  in  1865  elevated  to  the  full  rank  of  Major-General.  In  1804  he  joined  Gen 
eral  Sherman  with  17,000  men,  and  took  a  conspicuous  part  in  nearly  all  the  engagements 
of  the  Atlantic  campaign,  until  the  surrender  of  General  Joseph  Johnston.  After  the 
war  he  made  a  tour  of  inspection  in  the  Southern  States;  also  visited  Europe;  in  1867 
he  was  assigned  to  the  First  Military  District,  comprising  Virginia ;  and  on  the  resig 
nation  of  General  Grant  as  Secretary  of  War  ad  interim,  and  while  impeachment  was 
progressing,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Johnson,  Secretary  of  War,  and  after  the 
acquittal  of  the  President,  was  duly  confirmed  May  30,  1868. 

SPEED,  JAMES.— Was  born  in  Jefferson  County,  Kentucky,  March  11, 1812;  graduated 
at  St.  Joseph's  College,  in  that  State;  was  for  a  time  employed  in  the  office  of  the 
Clerk  of  the  Circuit  and  County  Courts ;  studied  law  at  Transylvania  University, 
and,  on  being  admitted  to  the  bar,  settled  in  the  practice  at  Louisville,  in  1853.  In 
1847  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature;  in  1861  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate ;  and  in  November,  1864,  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  Attorney- 
General  of  the  United  States,  which  office  he  resigned  in  July,  1866,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  his  profession.  He  was  also  a  Delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  "Loyalists' 
Convention  "  of  1866,  of  which  he  was  President. 

STANBERY,  HEXRY. — He  was  born  in  the  City  of  New  York,  February  20,  1803 ; 
emigrated  to  Ohio  in  1814 ;  graduated  at  Washington  College,  Pennsylvania,  in  Sep 
tember,  1819;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  of  Ohio  in  May,  1824,  and  to  the  bar 
of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court  in  December,  1832;  was  elected,  by  the  Assem 
bly  of  Ohio,  the  first  Attorney-General  of  that  State  in  1846;  and  in  July,  1866,  was 
appointed,  by  President  Johnson,  Attorney-General  of  the  United  States.  His  domi 
cile  is  on  the  Kentucky  side  of  the  Ohio  River,  opposite  Cincinnati,  but  his  office  has 
hitherto  been  in  that  city,  and  his  professional  business  in  Ohio.  On  the  12th  of 
March.  1868,  he  resigned  the  position  of  Attorney-General,  for  the  purpose  of  defend 
ing  President  Andrew  Johnson  during  his  Impeachment  trial. 

STAXTOX,  EDWIN  M. — He  was  born  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  December  19, 1814;  gradu 
ated  at  Kenyon  College ;  studied  law,  and,  having  commenced  its  practice  at  Cadiz, 
Ohio,  subsequently  settled  in  his  native  town.  In  1842  he  was  elected,  by  the  Legisla 
ture,  Reporter  of  the  Decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State,  which  office  he 
held  for  three  years.  In  1848  he  formed  a  law  partnership  at  Pittsburg,  but  continued 
his  business  before  the  courts  of  Ohio.  Soon  after  that,  he  began  to  be  much  em 
ployed  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  which  compelled  him  to  remove  to 
Washington  in  1857;  in  1858  he  was  sent,  by  the  government,  to  California,  to  defend 
its  interests  in  certain  important  land  cases  in  that  State;  in  December,  1860,  he  went 
into  President  Buchanan's  Cabinet  as  Attorney-General,  holding  that  office  until  the 
close  of  the  Administration,  when  he  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession ;  and  in 
January,  1862,  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  Secretary  of  War,  and  was  con 
tinued  in  that  position  by  President  Johnson  until  August  12,  1867,  when  he  was  sus 
pended  as  Secretary  by  the  President  but,  by  order  of  the  Senate,  was  reinstated 
in  office  January  14,  1868.  On  the  21st  of  February  following  President  Johnson 
made  a  second  effort  to  remove  him,  but,  by  direction  of  the  Senate,  he  continued  in 
office.  Resigned  in  May,  1868.  In  1867  he  received  from  Yale  College  the  degree  of 
LL.D. 

STODDERT,  BENJAMIN. — He  was  born  in  Maryland ;  served  as  a  Major,  during  the  Rev 
olution;  and  was  for  many  years  extensively  engaged  in  mercantile  persuits  in 
Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia,  where  one  of  the  streets  of  the  town  still  bears  his 
name.  In  May,  1798,  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Adams,  Secretary  of  the  Navy, 


448  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


and  was  the  first  man  who  served  in  that  capacity;  and,  although  continued  in  the 
position  by  President  Jefferson,  he  was  superseded  in  January,  1802.  He  subsequently 
settled  in  Bhidensburg,  Maryland,  where  he  died  at  an  advanced  age,  universally  re 
spected  for  his  high  character. 

TAYLOR,  ZACHAUY. — Born  in  Virginia  in  1784,  and  went  with  his  father  to  Kentucky 
in  1785;  received  a  limited  education;  in  1808  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Jeffer 
son,  a  Lieutenant  of  Infantry;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  a  Captain,  and  was 
brevetted  a  Major  for  gallant  services;  from  1815  to  1836  he  had  command  of  vari 
ous  military  posts  in  the  Western  country;  in  1819  he  was  made  a  Lieutenant-Colonel; 
in  1832  a  Colonel ;  served  with  distinction  in  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  also  in  the 
war  against  the  Seminoles  in  Florida;  in  1841  he  settled  his  family  at  Baton  llouge, 
in  Louisiana;  was  made  a  General,  and  had  command  of  the  American  army  during 
the  Mexican  war,  and  after  gaining  a  number  of  battles,  won  the  great  and  decisive 
Battle  of  Buena  Vista.  In  1848  he  was,  by  the  Whig  party,  elected  President  of  the 
United  States ;  was  inaugurated  March,  1849,  and  died  in  Washington,  July  9,  1850. 

UPSHUR,  ABEL  PARKER. — He  was  born  in  Northampton  County,  Virginia,  June  17, 
1790;  studied  law,  and  settled  in  llichmond,  where  he  practised  his  profession  from 
1810  to  1824;  in  1826  he  was  chosen  Judge  of  the  General  Court  of  the  State;  was  a 
member  of  the  "  State  Constitutional  Convention"  of  1829;  was  again  chosen  Judge, 
serving  many  years ;  in  1841  he  went  into  the  Cabinet  of  President  Tyler,  as  Secretary 
of  the  Navy ;  in  1843  he  was  transferred  to  the  head  of  the  State  Department ;  and  on  the 
28th  of  February,  1844,  he  was  killed  by  the  explosion  of  a  gun,  on  board  the  war- 
steamer  Princeton.  He  was  an  occasional  writer  for  the  press. 

USHER,  JOHN  P. — He  was  born  in  New  York,  but  early  in  life  removed  to  Indiana, 
where  he  studied  law,  and  practised  the  profession.  He  was  elected  to  the  State  Leg 
islature,  and  for  a  short  time  was  Attorney-General  of  the  State.  By  President  Lin 
coln  he  was  appointed,  in  1862,  the  first  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Interior  Depart 
ment,  and,  on  the  resignation  of  C.  B.  Smith  as  Secretary,  he  was  appointed  to 
succeed  him  in  the  Cabinet,  which  position  he  resigned  in  the  spring  of  1865.  He 
subsequently  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and  became  Consulting  Attorney 
for  the  Eastern  Division  of  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad  Company. 

WELLES,  GIDEON. — He  was  born  in  Glastenbury,  Connecticut,  July  1, 1802;  educated 
chiefly  at  the  Norwich  University  of  Vermont,  and  studied  law.  in  1826  he  became 
the  editor  of  the  "  Hartford  Times;  "  from  1827  to  1835  he  was  a  member  of  the  Con 
necticut  Legislature ;  was  subsequently  appointed  Comptroller  of  Public  Accounts ; 
from  1836  to  1841  he  was  Postmaster  of  Hartford,  having  been  appointed  by  President 
Jackson ;  in  1842  he  was  made  Comptroller  of  the  State ;  in  1846  he  took  charge  of 
a  bureau  in  the  Navy  Department,  where  he  remained  until  1849 ;  was  a  Delegate  to 
the  "  Chicago  Convention"  of  1860,  and  in  1861  he  went  into  President  Lincoln's  Cabi 
net  as  Secretary  of  the  Navy.  For  thirty  years  before  becoming  Secretary,  he  was 
an  occasional  contributor  to  the  "Hartford  Press,"  the  New  York  "Evening  Post," 
and  the  Washington  "  Globe  "  and  "  Union." 

WIRT,  WILLIAM. — Born  in  Bladensburg,  Maryland,  November  8,  1772,  of  Swiss  and 
German  parents :  obtained  his  early  education  at  private  schools ;  officiated  for  a  time 
as  a  private  tutor;  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1794,  practising  at  Culpepper, 
Virginia;  in  1799  he  was  chosen  Clerk  of  the  House  of  Delegates;  in  1802  appointed 
Chancellor  of  the  Eastern  District  of  Virginia;  in  1803  he  settled  in  Norfolk,  and 
wrote  the  "  British  Spy ;"  in  1806  he  settled  in  Richmond;  in  1812  he  wrote  "The 
Old  Bachelor,"  and  in  1817  the  "Life  of  Patrick  Henry;  "  in  1816  he  was  appointed  by 
President  Madison,  Attorney  of  the  United  States  for  the  District  of  Virginia;  in 
1817  he  was  appointed  Attorney-General  of  the  United  States,  holding  the  office  until 
1830,  after  which  he  settled  in  Baltimore,  where  he  died,  February  18,  1834.  In  1824 
the  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  Harvard  College.  He  occupied  a  high 
rank  as  a  public  man  and  a  citizen. 

[It  has  not  been  the  intention  of  the  author  to  give  the  names  or  biographies  of 
those  who  have  held  Cabinet  positions  ad  interim,  because  the  duration  of  such  ap 
pointments  has  generally  been  limited  to  a  short  period;  but  it  has  been  deemed  ad 
visable,  on  account  of  their  special  significance,  to  make  a  note  of  the  following 
temporary  Secretaries  of  War,  whose  names  appear  in  the  foregoing  list  of  adminis 
trations.  The  records  are  submitted  in  chronological  order.] 

SCOTT,  WINFIELD. — Born  near  Petersburg,  Virginia,  June  13,  1786;  attended  the 
High  School  at  Richmond,  and  William  and  Mary  College ;  went  through  a  course  of 
law  studies,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1806.  His  first  military  service  was  reii- 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  449 


dered  in  1807,  when  he  joined  a  Militia  company  of  horse,  to  repel  the  anticipated  inva 
sion  of  the  British;  in  is09,  after  having  made  an  effort  to  settle  in  South  Carolina  as  a 
lawyer,  he  was  commissioned  a  Captain,  and  joined  the  army  at  New  Orleans;  returned 
home  in  1810,  but  rejoined  the  army  of  Louisiana  in  1811 ;  in  1812  ho  was  raised  to  the 
rank  of  Major  and  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  ordered  to  Buffalo;  in  the  affair  of  Queens- 
town  he  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  British,  but  exchanged  early  in  1813;  before  the 
close  of  that  year  he  had  captured  Fort  George,  and  been  commissioned  a  Colonel;  in 
1814  he  was  made  Adjutant-General,  and,  during  the  summer  of  that  year,  he  won  the 
important  battles  of  Chippewa  and  Lundy's  Lane,  in  the  last  of  which  he  was  wounded, 
and  for  these  important  services  he  was  brevetted  Major-General,  received  with  the 
thanks  of  the  nation  a  gold  medal  from  Congress,  and  was  tendered  the  appointment  of 
Secretary  of  War,  which  he  declined.  Early  in  1832  he  took  part  in  the  campaign 
against  Black  Hawk;  but  before  the  close  of  that  year  he  was  ordered  to  Charleston, 
where,  as  a  peacemaker,  he  did  much  to  quell  the  excitement  growing  out  of  Nullifi 
cation.  In  1837  he  was  assigned  to  duty  against  the  Seminoles  in  Florida,  and  also 
against  the  Creek  Indians; — his  presence  on  the  Canadian  frontier  in  1838  and  1839 
did  much  to  quiet  the  troubles  of  that  exciting  period ;  and,  in  1841,  on  the  death  of  Gen 
eral  Macomb,  he  became  Commander-in-chief  of  the  army.  He  took  a  prominent  part  in 
the  war  with  Mexico;  his  first  service  there  was  to  invest  Vera Cruz,  which  surren 
dered  to  his  arms;  he  then  defeated  Santa  Anna  at  Cerro  Gordo;  entered  Jalapa; 
occupied  the  castle  and  town  of  Perote,  and  the  city  of  Puebla;  defeated  the  enemy  at 
Contreras  and  Churubusco ;  and  carried  by  assault  the  great  fortification  of  Chapulte- 
pcc,  the  key  to  the  City  of  Mexico.  He  entered  the  City  of  Mexico  as  victor,  and,  the 
object. of  the  war  having  been  accomplished,  peace  was  concluded  in  February,  1848 ; 
and  though  an  attempt  was  made  by  a  rival  General  to  injure  his  fame,  he  returned  to 
Washington,  and  resumed  his  position  at  the  head  of  the  army.  His  service  as  Secre 
tary  of  War  ad  interim,  was  rendered  in  1850,  under  President  Fillmore.  In  1852  he 
became  the  Whig  candidate)  for  the  office  of  President,  but  was  defeated;  and  in  1859 
he  was  honored  with  the  brevet  title  of  Lieutenant-General,  the  rank  having  been 
established  by  Congress  for  his  exclusive  benefit,  and  so  framed  that  it  should  not 
survive  him.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  he  again  rendered  important  ser 
vices  by  securing  to  the  government  the  possession  of  Washington  City,  and  the  safe 
inauguration  of  President  Lincoln.  On  the  last  day  of  October,  1861,  because  of  his 
declining  health,  he  asked  to  be  retired  from  active  service,  and  on  the  1st  of  Novem 
ber,  the  President,  attended  by  all  his  Cabinet,  waited  upon  him  at  his  residence,  and 
read  to  him  the  order  which  placed  him  on  the  retired  list,  "  without  reduction  in  his 
current  pay,  subsistence,  or  allowance,"  and  on  the  same  clay  Major-General  George  B. 
McClellan  was  appointed  his  successor  in  command  of  the  army.  He  subsequently 
made  a  brief  visit  to  Europe,  and  settled  at  West  Point.  He  published  "  Infantry  Tac 
tics  ;"  "  Regulations  of  the  Army ;"  and  an  "  Autobiography ;"  and  several  biographies  of 
him  were  issued  during  his  life,  by  E.  D.  Mansfield  and  others.  Died  at  West  Point, 
May  29,  1866. 

GRANT,  ULYSSES  S. — He  was  born  in  Point  Pleasant,  Clermont  County,  Ohio,  April 
27,  1822.  Although  originally  named  Hiram  Ulysses,  the  congressman  who  nominated 
him  for  the  West  Point  Academy  gave  his  name,  by  mistake,  as  Ulysses  S.  and  by  that 
name  has  he  ever  been  recognized.  He  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  in  1843, 
and,  as  Second  Lieutenant,  was  assigned  to  the  Fourth  Infantry.  He  continued  in  the 
army,  from  that  time,  for  eleven  years,  and  participated  in  most  of  the  battles  of  the 
Mexican  war,  excepting  Buena  Vista,  serving  under  Generals  Scott  and  Taylor,  and 
receiving  two  brevets,  for  gallantry  at  Moliuo  delRey  and  Chapultepec.  While  serv 
ing  in  Oregon,  in  1852,  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Captain.  In  1854  he  resigned 
his  commission,  and  settled  near  St.  Louis  on  a  farm ;  in  1859  he  was  a  real-estate 
agent  in  St.  Louis;  and  early  in  1860  he  removed  to  Galena,  Illinois,  where  he  joined 
his  father  and  a  brother  in  the  manufacture  of  leather.  When  the  Rebellion  com 
menced  he  raised  and  took  command  of  a  company  of  Volunteers,  and  before  the  close 
of  1861  he  had  command,  as  Colonel,  of  the  21st  Illinois  Regiment,  and  was  made  a 
Brigadier-General  of  Volunteers;  in  1862  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major-Gen 
eral  of  Volunteers,  from  which  time  his  military  history  is  to  be  traced  in  his  achieve 
ments  at  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Corinth,  Juka,  Vicksburg,  and  Chattanooga,  in  the 
West  and  South,  and  at  the  Wilderness,  Spotsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  and  Petersburg, 
in  Virginia,  culminating  in  the  surrender  of  General  Robert  E.  Lee,  on  the  9th  of  April, 
1865.  It  was  on  the  4th  of  July,  1863,  that  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln, 
Major-General  in  the  regular  army,  and  he  was  appointed  Lieuteuant-General  March 
2,  1864,  receiving  this  commission  directly  from  the  hands  of  the  President.  After  the 
close  of  the  Rebellion  he  took  command  of  the  armies  of  the  United  States,  with  his 
head-quarters  at  Washington.  In  December,  1863,  Congress  passed  a  joint  resolution, 
thanking  him  and  the  soldiers  who  fought  under  him  for  their  gallant  services,  and 
awarding  him  a  gold  medal.  On  the  12th  of  December,  1867,  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Johnson,  Secretary  of  War  ad  interim,  in  the  place  of  E.  M.  Stantou.,.  sus- 
29 


STATISTICAL    BECOKDS. 


pended,  which  position  he  held  until  the  November  following,  when  the  Senate  refused 
to  sanction  the  suspension  of  Mr.  Stanton;  and  by  the  "  Republican  National  Con- 
veiition"  of  18G8,  held  in  Chicago,  he  was  nominated  by  acclamation  for  the  office  of 
President  of  the  United  States. 

THOMAS,  LORENZO. — He  was  born  in  Newcastle,  Delaware,  October  26, 1804;  grad 
uated  at  the  West  Point  Academy,  in  1823,  as  Second  Lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  Infantry 
and  served  as  such  in  Florida  among  the  Creek  Indians,  and  in  Washington ;  was  com 
missioned  a  Captain  in  1836 ;  in  1838  was  appointed  Assistant  Adjutant-General  with 
the  brevet  rank  of  Major;  was  Chief  of  Staff  in  the  Florida  war  in  183J};  was  brevettecl 
Lieutenant-Colonel  in  1846,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  conduct "  at  Monterey,  in 
Mexico;  in  1848  he  was  made  Assistant  Adjutant-General,  with  the  rank  of  Lieutenant- 
Colonel,  and  assigned  to  duty  in  Washington;  and  from  1848  to  1861  he  was  Chief  of 
{Staff  under  General  Scott,  commanding  the  army  at  New  York  City.  In  1861  he  was 
appointed  Adjutant-General  of  the  army,  with  the  brevet  of  Colonel,  and  was,  in  the 
same  year,  brevetted  a  Brigadier-General;  in  1863  he  was  assigned  to  the  special  duty 
of  organizing  colored  troops  in  the  South-west,  and  subsequently  performed  a  number 
of  inspection  tours  connected  with  the  Provost-Marshals,  and  with  the  national  ceme 
teries  of  the  United  States.  On  the  22d  of  February,  1868,  he  received,  from  President 
Johnson,  the  appointment  of  Secretary  of  War,  ad  interim,  but  Secretary  Stanton 
refused  to  vacate  the  office,  and  the  conflict  of  authority  thus  occurring  continued  until 
May  26,  when  Mr.  Stanton  retired  from  the  War  Department.  It  was  the  appointment 
of  General  Thomas  as  Secretary  of  War,  ad  interim,  by  President  Johnson,  upon  which 
the  articles  of  Impeachment,  presented  by  the  House  of  Representatives,  were  grounded, 
and  of  the  leading  charges  in  which,  after  due  trial,  the  President  was  acquitted. 


EXECUTIVE    OFFICERS   OF  THE   CIVIL   SERVICE. 
[OFFICIALLY  PREPARED  FOR  THIS  VOLUME.] 

While  the  Constitution  specifies  no  man  as  an  executive  officer  excepting  the  Presi 
dent,  his  Cabinet  Ministers  have  always  shared  the  title  with  him;  but  the  real  execu 
tive  officers  of  the  General  Government  are  the  men  who  have  charge  of  the  bureaus  of 
the  several  departments.  They  are  the  men,  moreover,  with  whom  the  people  come 
more  directly  in  contact  while  attending  to  business  in  Washington,  and  the  following 
is  an  authentic  list  of  such  officers  who  have  held  appointments  since  the  foundation  of 
the  government.  And  here  the  compiler  desires  to  make  the  statement  that  where  the 
dates  are  omitted  it  is  because  the  records  of  the  offices  are  incomplete;  and  also  that  it 
has  been  impossible  for  him  to  separate  the  dates  of  appointment  from  those  of  con 
firmation  by  the  Senate. 

DEPARTMENT  OF  STATE. 

Assistant  Secretaries. — A.  Dudley  Mann,  March  23,  1853.  William  Hunter,  May  8, 
1855.  John  Addison  Thomas,  November  1, 1855.  John  Appleton,  April  4,  1857.  Fred 
erick  W.  Seward  (present  incumbent),  March  6,  1861.  William  Hunter  (Second  As 
sistant  and  present  incumbent),  July  27,  1866. 

TREASURY  DEPARTMENT. 

Assistant  Secretaries. — Tench  Coxe  (office  abolished  June  30,  1792),  September  11, 
1789.  Charles  B.  Penrose,  March  12,  1849.  Allen  A.  Hall,  October  10,  1849.  William 
L.  Hodge,  November  16,  1850.  Peter  G.  Washington,  March  4,  1853.  Philip  Clayton, 
March  "l3,  1857.  George  Harrington,  March  13,  1861.  Manuel  B.  Field,  March  18, 
1864.  William  E.  Chandler,  June  5,  1865.  John  F.  Hartley,  July  11,  1865.  Edmund 
Cooper,  November  — ,  1867. 

Comptrollers. — Nicholas  Eveleigh,  September  11,  1789.  Oliver  Wolcott,  Jr.,  June 
17,  1791.  Jonathan  Jackson,  February  25,  1795.  John  Davis,  June  26,  1795.  John 
Steele,  July  1,  1796.  Gabriel  Duval,  December  15,  1802.  Richard  Rush,  November  22, 
1811.  Ezekiel  Bacon,  February  11,  1814.  Joseph  Anderson,  February  28,  1815. 
George  Wolf,  June  18,  1836.  James  N.  Barker,  February  23,  1838.  Walter  Forward, 
April  6,  1841.  James  W.  McCulloh,  April  1,  1842.  Elisha  Whittlesey,  May  31,  1849. 
William  Medill,  May  1,  1857.  Elisha  Whittlesey  (reappointed),  April  10,  1861.  Rob 
ert  W.  Taylor  (present  incumbent),  January  14,  1863. 

Second  Comptrollers. — Richard  Cutts,  March  22,  1817.  Isaac  Hill,  March  21, 1829. 
James  B.  Thornton,  July  14,  1830.  Albion  K.  Parris,  August  20,  1836.  Hiland  Hall, 
November  29,  1850.  E.  J.  Phelps,  October  1,  1851.  John  M.  Brodhcad,  February  14, 
1853.  James  Madison  Cutts,  October  9,  1857.  John  M.  Brodhead  (reappointed  and 
present  incumbent),  June  30,  1863. 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  451 


Commissioners  of  Customs. — Charles  W.  Rockwell,  March  16, 1849.  Hugh  J.  Ander 
son,  March  23,  1853.  Samuel  Ingham,  February  3,  1858.  Nathan  Sargent  (present 
incumbent),  May  14,  1861. 

First  Auditors.— Oliver  Wolcott,  Jr.,  September  11,  1789.  William  Smith,  Jr.,  July 
16,  1791.  Richard  Harrison,  November  29,  1791.  Jesse  Miller,  December  27,  1836. 
Tully  R.  Wise,  June  17,  1842.  William  Collins,  July  24,  1844.  William  Collins,  De 
cember  31,  1844.  John  C.  Clarke,  August  2,  1849.  Thomas  L.  Smith,  October  31, 

1849.  Thomas  L.  Smith  (present  incumbent),  July  23,  1850. 

/Second  Auditors. — William  Lee,  March  6,  1817.  William  B.  Lewis,  March  19,  1830. 
John  McCalla,  March  29,  1845.  Philip  Clayton,  April  9,  1849.  Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller, 
February  3,  1858.  Ezra  B.  French  (present  incumbent),  August  3,  18G1. 

Third  Aiiditors.—Feter  Hagner,  March  6,  1817.  John  S.  Gallaher,  October  22,  1849. 
John  S.  Gallaher,  August  31,1850.  Francis  Burt,  April  6,  1853.  Robert  J.  Atkinson, 
August  28,  1854.  Robert  J.  Atkinson,  February  19,  1855.  Elijah  Sells,  July  18,  1864. 
John  Wilson  (present  incumbent),  October  28,  1864. 

Fourth  Auditors. — William  Winder  (called  accountant  of  the  navy),  July  16,  1798. 
Thomas  Turner  (called  accountant  of  the  navy),  January,  1800.  Constant  Freeman 
(called  accountant  of  the  navy),  February,  1816.  Constant  Freeman  (Auditor),  March 
6,  1817.  William  P.  Van  Ness,  May  26,  1824.  William  Lee,  February  to  June,  1824. 
Tobias  Watkius,  January  3,  1825.  Amos  Kendall,  May  10, 1830.  John  C.  Pickett,  Jan 
uary  5,  1836.  Aaron  O.  Dayton,  June  9,  1838.  A.  J.  O'Bannon,  March  1,  1859.  Tal- 
iaferro  Hunter,  August  15,  1860.  Hobart  Berrian,  May  4,  1861.  Stephen  J.  W.  Tabor 
(present  incumbent),  January  18,  1864. 

Fifth  Auditors. — Stephen  Pleasanton,  March  6,  1817.  Josiah  Minot,  March  3,  1855. 
Murray  McConnell,  August  1,  1855.  Bartholomew  Fuller,  March  1,  1859.  John  C. 
Underwood,  July  31,  1861.  Charles  M.  Walker  (present  incumbent),  August  31,  1863. 

Sixth  Auditors.— Charles  K.  Gardner,  July  2,  1836.  Elisha  Whittlesey,  March  19, 
1841.  Mathew  St.  Clair  Clark,  December  19,  1843.  Peter  G.  Washington,  March  26, 
1845.  John  W.  Farrelly,  November  5,  1849.  William  F.  Phillips,  April  7,  1853. 
Thomas  M.  Tate,  October  1, 1857.  Green  Adams,  April  17,  1861.  Elijah  Sells,  October 
26,  1864.  Isaac  N.  Arnold,  April  29,  1865.  Hugh  J.Anderson  (present  incumbent), 
September  26,  1866. 

Treasurers. — Samuel  Meredith,  September  11,  1789.  Thomas  Tudor  Tucker,  Jan- 
nary  1,  1801.  Michael  Nourse  (ad.  interim'),  May  3,  1828.  William  Clark,  July  1, 
1828.  John  Campbell,  July  1,  1829.  William  Selden,  July  22,  1839.  William  B.  Ran 
dolph  (ad  interim'),  November  24,  1850.  John  Sloan,  December  1,  1850.  Samuel 
Casey,  April  7,  1853.  William  B.  Randolph  (ad  interim'),  December  23,  1859.  William 
C.  Price,  April  4,  1860.  Francis  E.  Spinner  (present  incumbent),  March  22,  1861. 

Registers.— Joseph  Nourse,  September  11,  1789.  Thomas  L.  Smith,  June  1,  1829. 
Ransom  H.  Gillett,  April  1,  1845.  Daniel  Graham,  June  4,  1847.  Michael  Nourse 
(acting),  March  6,  1849.  Allen  A.  Hall,  April  9,  1849.  Michael  Nourse  (acting),  Jan 
uary  18,  1850.  Townsend  Haines,  February  13,  1850.  Nathan  Sargent,  November  1, 
1851.  Finley  Bigger,  April  20,  1853.  L.  E.  Chittenden,  April  17,  1861.  Stoddarcl  B. 
Colby  (died  in  1867),  August  12,  1864.  Noah  L.  Jeflfries  (present  incumbent),  Sep 
tember  3,  1867. 

Comptrollers  of  the  Currency. — Hugh  McCulloch,  May  9,  1863.  Freeman  Clarke, 
March  9, 1865.  Samuel T.  Howard  (deputy),  June,  1865.  Hiland  R.  Hulburd  (deputy), 
July  24,  1865.  Hiland  R.  Hulburd  (present  incumbent),  February  6,  1867. 

Solicitors.— Virgil  Maxey,  May  20,  1830.  Henry  D.  Gilpin,  September  25,  1837. 
Matthew  Birchard,  January  19,  1840.  Charles  B.  Penrose,  September  19,  1841.  Seth 
Barton,  March  25,  1845.  Ransom  H.  Gillett,  May  27,  1847.  John  C.  Clark,  July  23, 

1850.  George  F.  Comstock,  November  15,  1852.     F.  B.  Streeter,  January  23,  1854. 
Junius  Hillyer,  December  1,  1857.    Edward  Jordan  (present  incumbent),  March  28, 
1861. 

Commissioners  of  Internal  Revenue.— George  S.  Boutwell,  July  17,  1862.  Joseph  J. 
Lewis,  March  4,  1863.  William  Orton,  July  1,  1865.  Edward  Ashton  Rollins,  Novem 
ber  1,  1865.  Resigned  June  8,  1868. 

Director  of  Bureau  of  Statistics. — Alexander  Delmar  (present  incumbent),  1866. 

Superintendents  of  the  Coast  Survey. — Alexander  D.  Bache  (died  February  17, 
1867,  December  12,  1843.  J.  E.  Hilgard  (assistant  in  charge  during  the  illness  of  Pro 
fessor  Bache),  April  11,  1802.  Benjamin  Peirce  (present  incumbent),  September  27, 
1867. 

DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  INTERIOR. 

Assistant  Secretaries. — John  P.  Usher,  March  20,  1862.  William  T.  Otto  (present 
incumbent),  January  28,  1863. 

Commissioners  of  the  Land  Office. — Prior  to  April,  1812,  grants  of  land  were  issued 
by  letters  patent  from  the  Department  of  State,  and  in  that  year  the  act  was  passed  es 
tablishing  the  General  Land  Office.  From  that  time  it  was  a  branch  of  the  Treasury 


452  STATISTICAL    KECOBDS. 


Department,  but  when  the  Department  of  the  Interior  was  organized  the  Land  Office 
became  one  of  its  bureaus,  and  has  so  continued  to  the  present  time.  As  the  compiler 
was  unable  to  obtain  an  official  list  of  commissioners,  it  is  not  certain  that  the  fol 
lowing  names  and  dates  are  entirely  correct,  but  he  did  the  best  he  could  under  the  cir 
cumstances.  In  the  Land  Office  itself  there  is  no  official  record  of  those  who  have 
served  as  commissioners. 

Edward  Tiffin,  May  7,  1812.  Josiah  Meigs,  October  11,  1814.  John  McLean,  Decem 
ber  24,  1822.  George  Graham,  December  15,  1823.  Elijah  Hay  ward,  December  16, 
1830.  Ethan  A.  Brown,  January  5,  183G.  James  Whitcomb,  December  27,  1836.  Elisha 
M.  Huntiugton,  July  3,  1841.  Thomas  II.  Blake,  May  19,  1842.  James  Shields,  April 
16,  1845.  llichard  M.  Young,  January  6,  1847.  Justin  Butterfleld,  January  24,  1850. 
John  Wilson,  February  16,  1852.  Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  January  8.  1856.  Joseph  S. 
Wilson,  February  23,  1860.  James  M.  Edmunds,  March  19,  1861.  Joseph  S.  Wilson, 
(present  incumbent),  September  1,  1866. 

Commissioners  of  the  Patent  Office — (reorganized  by  law  July  4,  1836). — Prior  to 
which  the  heads  of  the  office  were  styled  Superintendents,  and  the  men  holding  that 
office  were  as  follows:  —  William  Thornton,  1802;  Thomas  P.  Jones,  April  12,  1828; 
John  D.  Craig,  January  1,  1830;  and  James  C.  Pickett,  January  1,  1836.  Henry  L. 
Ellsworth,  July  4,  1836.  Edmund  Burke,  May  5,  1845.  Thomas  Ewbank,  September 
3,  1850.  S.  H.  Hodges,  November,  1852.  llichard  C.  Weightman,  Acting  Commis 
sioner  from  March  25  to  May  15,  1853.  Charles  Mason,  March  24,  1853.  Samuel  T. 
Shugert,  Acting  Commissioner  from  March  5,  1857,  to  September  9,  1857.  Joseph 
Holt,  September  10,  1857.  Samuel  T.  Shugert,  Acting  Commissioner  from  March  15 
to  May  22,  1859.  William  D.  Bishop,  May  23,  1859.  Philip'F.  Thomas,  February  16, 

1860.  Samuel  T.  Shugert,  Acting  Commissioner  from  December  14,  1860  to  March  27, 

1861.  David  P.  Holloway,  March  28, 1861.    Thomas  C.  Theaker,  August  17,  1865.    Re 
signed. 

Commissioners  of  the  Pension  Office. — James  L.  Edwards,  March  9,  1837.  James  E. 
Heath,  November  27, 1850.  Loreu  P.  Waldo,  March  17,  1853.  Josiah  Minot,  January  10, 
1856.  George  C.  Whiting,  January  19,  1857.  Joseph  H.  Barrett,  May  1, 1861.  Resigned. 

Commissioners  of  Indian  A/airs — Organized  July  9,  1832. — Elbert  Herring,  July,  1832. 
Carey  A.  Harris,  July  5,  1836.  Thomas  Hartley  Crawford,  October  22,  1838.  William 
Medfll,  October  30,  1845.  Orlando  Brown,  July  2,  1849.  Luke  Lea,  July  2,  1850. 
George  W.  Manypenny,  March  30,  1853.  James  W.  Denver,  April  17,  1857.  Charles 
E.  Mix,  June  17,1858.  James  W.  Denver,  Novembers,  1858.  Alfred B.  Greenwood, 
May  13,  1859.  William  P.  Dole,  March  14,  1861.  Dennis  N.  Cooley,  July  11,  1865. 
Lewis  V.  Bogy,  November  1,  1866.  Nathaniel  G.  Taylor  (present  incumbent),  March 
27,  1867.  It  should  be  stated  here  that  Mr.  Mix  has  been  chief  clerk  of  the  office  for 
many  years,  and  that  his  services  as  Acting  Commissioner,  at  different  times,  would 
comprehend  nearly  four  years. 

Commissioner  of  the  Public  Buildings. — [From  1791  to  1802  the  public  buildings  were 
tinder  the  charge  of  a  Board  of  Commissioners,  and  the  following  were  members  of 
said  board,  namely :  —  Thomas  Johnson,  Daniel  Carroll,  David  Stewart,  Gustavus 
Scott,  William  Thornton  Alexander  White,  William  Cranch,  and  Tristam  Dalton.] 

Thomas  Munroe,  Superintendent,  June  2,  1802.  Samuel  Lane,  date  of  appointment 
not  known.  Joseph  Elgar,  Commissioner,  April  9,  1816.  William  Noland,  February 
10,  1834.  Andrew  Beaumont,  November  5,  1846.  Charles  Douglass,  March  3,  1847. 
Ignatius  Mudd,  July  23,  1850.  William  Easby,  March  12,  1851.  Benjamin  B.  French, 
June  30,  1853.  John  B.  Blake,  July  1,  1851.  William  S.  Wood,  July  12,  1861.  Benja 
min  B.  French,  September  7,  1861. 

[In  February,  1867,  the  office  of  Commissioner  was  abolished,  and  provision  made 
for  detailing  the  Chief  of  the  Engineer  Corps  to  perform  the  duties  previously  devolv 
ing  upon  the  Commissioner.] 

DEPARTMENT    OF    AGRICULTURE. 

[Prior  to  the  establishment  of  this  office  on  an  independent  footing,  its  affairs  were 
under  the  general  supervision  of  the  Commissioner  of  the  Patent  Office,  or  the  Secre 
tary  of  the  Interior  Department,  and  its  immediate  head  was  called  a  Superintendent.] 

Commissioner.— Isaac  Newton,  July  1,  1862.  Died.  John  W.  Stokes,  June  20,  1867 
(Acting  Commissioner).  Horace  L.  Capron  (present  incumbent),  November  29,  1867. 

BUREAU    OF    EDUCATION. 
Commissioner. — Henry  Barnard  (present  incumbent),  March,  1867. 

WAR    DEPARTMENT. 
Assistant  Secretaries.— Thomas  A.  Scott,  March,  1861.    P.  H.  Watson,  January  22, 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


1862.    John  Tucker,  January  27, 1862.    C.  P.  Wolcott,  September  1,  1862.    Charles  A. 
Daua,  March  1,  1864. 

NAVY    DEPARTMENT. 

Assistant  Secretaries. — Gustavus  V.  Fox,  July  31,  1861.  (He  was  also  additional 
Secretary  six  mouths  (from  November  26,  1866).  William  Faxon  (present  incumbent). 
June  1,  18G6. 

OFFICE     OF    ATTORNEY-GENERAL. 

Assistant  Attorneys-General — Alfred  B.  McCalmont,  March,  1859.  Titian  J.  Coffey, 
March,  1861.  J.  Hubley  Ashton,  May,  1864.  John  M.  Biuckley  (present  incumbent), 
1867. 

POST    OFFICE     DEPARTMENT. 

Assistant  Postmasters-General. — Seth  Pease,  in  office  1816.  Abraham  Bradley,  Jr., 
in  office  1817.  Phineas  Bradley,  in  office  1818. 

First  Assistants. — Charles  K.  Gardner,  appointed  in  1829.  Selah  R.  Hobbie,  1836.  S. 
D.  Jacobs,  1851.  Selah  R.  Hobbie,  1853.  Horatio  King,  1854.  St.  John  B.  L.  Skinner 
(acting),  1861.  John  A:  Kasson,  1861.  Alexander  W.  Randall,  1862.  St.  John  B.  L. 
Skinner  (present  imcumbent),  1866. 

Second  Assistants.— Selah  R.  Hobbie,  1829.  Robert  Johnson,  1836.  Philo  C.  Fuller, 
1841.  John  C.  Bryan,  1842  or  1843.  J.  W.  Tyson,  1843.  N.  M.  Miller,  1844.  William 
Medill,  1845.  William  J.  Brown,  1845.  Fitz  Henry  Warren,  1851.  William  H. 
Dundas,  1852.  George  W.  McLellan  (present  incumbent),  1861. 

Third  Assistants. — Daniel  Coleman,  1836.  John  S.  Skinner,  1841.  N.  M.  Miller, 
1845.  [For  a  time  this  office  was  dispensed  with,  and  when  revived  the  following 
were  appointed :]  — John  Marron  (no  date  given).  Alexander  N.  Zevely,  1859, 
(present  incumbent). 

SUPERINTENDENTS     OF    PUBLIC    PRINTING. 

Prior  to  1819  the  printing  of  Congress  and  the  departments  was  given  to  the  lowest 
bidders,  and  executed  by  contract;  in  that  year  a  law  was  passed  making  it  the  duty 
of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  to  elect  printers  to  do  their  work  sepa 
rately,  and  on  several  occasions  the  two  houses  selected  the  same  man,  or  firm,  who 
were  continued  from  one  Congress  to  another.  The  persons  elected  under  this  order 
of  things  until  the  national  printing-office  was  established  were  as  follows  :  — Gales  & 
Seaton,  S.,  1820;  H.,  1821;  S.,  1835;  H.,  1841;  S.,  1843.  Duff  Green,  S.,  1831.  Blair 
&  Rives,  H.,  1835;  H.,  1837;  H.,  1840;  H.,  1843.  Thomas  Allen,  H.,  1837;  S.,  1841. 
Ritchie  &  Heiss,  H.  and  S.,  1845.  Robert  Armstrong,  S.,  1852.  Beverly  Tucker,  S., 
1853.  A.  O.  P.  Nicholson,  II.,  1844;  S.,  1856.  Cornelius  Wendell,  H.,  1856.  William 
A.  Harris,  S.,  1857.  J.  H.  Steadman,  H.  1857.  George  W.  Bowman,  S.,  1860. 
Thomas  H.  Ford,  H.,  1860.  The  persons  who  have  held  the  office  of  Superintendents 
of  Public  Printing  by  appointment  of  the  President  since  the  organization  of  the 
National  Printing  Bureau  are  as  follows: — John  D.  Defrees,  March  5,  1861.  Corne 
lius  Wendell,  September  1,  1866.  In  February,  1867,  a  law  was  passed  abolishing  the 
title  of  Superintendent,  and  restoring  that  of  Congressional  Printer,  and  making  the 
office  elective  by  the  Senate,  and,  on  the  26th  of  February,  1867,  John  D.  Defrees  was 
elected  to  that  office,  to  serve  during  the  pleasure  of  the  Senate. 

OFFICERS    OF    THE     SMITHSONIAN  INSTITUTION. 

Secretary. — Professor  Joseph  Henry  (present  incumbent),  December  3,  1846. 

Assistant  Secretary. — Professor  Spencer  F.  Baird  (present  incumbent),  July  5,  1850. 

Regents. — Roger  B.  Taney,  John  T.  Towers,  James  A.  Pearce,  James  M.  Mason, 
Stephen  A.  Douglas,  William  H.  English,  David  Stuart,  James  Meacham,  Gideon 
Hawley,  J.  McPherson  Berrien,  Richard  Rush,  Alexander  D.  Bache,  Joseph  G.  Totten, 
John  C.  Breckinridge,  Hiram  Warner,  Benjamin  Stanton,  George  E.  Badger,  Cornelius 
C.  Felton,  W.  B.  Magruder,  James  G.  Berret,  Lucius  J.  Gartrell,  Hannibal  Hamlin, 
Richard  Wallach,  William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Lyman  Trumbull,  Schuyler  Colfax,  Edward 
McPherson,  Samuel  S.  Cox,  William  B.  Astor,  William  L.  Dayton,  T.  D.  Woolsey, 
Garrett  Davis,  Louis  Agassiz,  James  W.  Patterson,  Henry  Winter  Davis,  Salmon  P. 
Chase,  Richard  Delafleld,  Luke  P.  Poland,  James  A.  Garfleld,  James  F.  Farusworth, 
Benjamin  F.  Wade,  J.  V.  L.  Pryn.  Peter  Parker,  and  John  Maclean. 

Chancellors. — Roger  B.  Taney,  Salmon  P.  Chase. 


454  STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


Honorary  Members.  —Robert  Hare,  Washington  Irving,  Benjamin  Silliman,  Parker 
Cleaveland,  A.  B.  Lougstreet,  Jacob  Thompson,  Caleb  B.  Smith,  John  P.  Usher. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  it  may  be  stated  that  the  Presidents  of  the  United  States 
and  the  Vice-Presidents,  the  members  of  the  Cabinet,  the  Commissioners  of  the 
Patent-Office,  and  the  Mayors  of  the  City  of  Washington,  are  members  e.c  offlcio  cf  the 
Institution. 


PRESIDENTIAL   ELECTORS. 

[OFFICIALLY  PREPARED  FOB  Tins  WORK.] 

THE  election  of  the  President  and  of  the  Vice-President,  by  Colleges  of  Electors, 
chosen  in  each  State,  was  first  proposed  in  the  Convention  for  the  formation  of  the 
Constitution,  by  James  Wilson,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania.  It  was  adopted  after 
a  prolonged  discussion,  and  was  regulated  by  an  Act  of  Congress,  of  March  1,  1792. 
The  Electors  must  be  chosen  within  thirty-four  days  preceding  the  first  Wednesday  of 
December  of  the  year  in  which  an  election  of  President  and  Vice-President  takes  place. 
They  must  be  equal  in  number  to  all  the  Senators  and  Representatives  in  Congress,  but 
no  Senator  or  person  holding  an  office  of  trust  or  profit  under  the  United  States  can  be 
appointed  an  Elector.  The  Electors  were  at  first  chosen  in  fonr  different  modes,  viz. : 
by  joint  ballot  of  the  State  Legislature,  by  a  concurrent  vote  of  the  two  branches  of 
the  State  Legislature,  by  the  people  of  the  State,  voting  by  general  ticket,  and  by  the 
people,  voting  in  districts.  This  latter  mode  was  evidently  that  which  gave  the  fairest 
expression  to  public  opinion,  by  approaching  nearest  to  a  direct  vote.  But  those  States 
which  adopted  it  were  placed  at  the  disadvantage  of  being  exposed  to  a  division  of 
their  strength,  and  neutralization  of  their  vote ;  while  the  Electors  chosen  by  either  of 
the  other  methods  voted  in  a  body  on  one  side  or  the  other,  thus  making  the  voice  of 
the  State  decisively  felt.  This  consideration  induced  the  leading  States  of  Massachu 
setts  and  Virginia,  which  originally  adopted  the  district  system,  to  abandon  it  in 
1800. 

An  Act  of  Congress  was  approved  January  23,  1845,  to  establish  a  uniform  time  for 
holding  elections  for  Electors  in  all  the  States  of  the  Union,  whereby  they  are  appointed 
in  each  State  on  the  Tuesday  next  after  the  first  Monday  in  the  month  of  November  of 
the  year  in  which  they  are  to  be  appointed.  Each  State  may  also  by  law  provide  for 
the  filling  of  any  vacancy  or  vacancies  which  may  occur  in  its  College  of  Electors, 
when  such  College  meets  to  give  its  electoral  vote;  and  when  any  State  shall  have 
held  an  election  for  the  purpose  of  choosing  Electors,  and  shall  fail  to  make  a  choice 
on  the  day  aforesaid,  then  the  electors  may  be  appointed  on  a  subsequent  day,  in  such 
manner  as  the  State  shall  by  law  provide. 

The  Electors  meet  at  the  capitals  of  their  respective  States,  on  the  first  Wednesday 
of  December,  and  vote  by  distinct  ballots  for  President  and  Vice-President,  one  of 
whom  shall  not  be  an  inhabitant  of  the  same  State  with  themselves.  They  make  lists 
of  the  number  of  votes  given,  and  of  the  persons  voted  for,  which  they  transmit 
sealed,  by  a  special  messenger,  to  the  President  of  the  Senate  at  Washington. 

The  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  having  met  in  convention  on  a  day  fixed, 
the  President  of  the  Senate  opens  all  the  certificates,  and  the  votes  are  counted.  The 
person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  for  President  is  duly  elected,  if  such  a 
number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  of  Electors  appointed.  If  no  person  have 
such  a  majority,  then  from  the  persons  having  the  highest  number,  not  exceeding  three, 
in  the  list  of  those  voted  for  as  President,  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  choose 
immediately,  and  by  ballot,  the  President.  If  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  not 
choose  a  President,  whenever  the  right  of  choice  devolves  upon  them,  before  the  4th 
of  March  next  following,  then  the  Vice-President  shall  act  as  President,  as  in  the  case 
of  the  death  or  other  constitutional  disability  of  the  President. 

Should  the  offices  of  President  and  Vice-President  both  become  vacant,  it  then 
becomes  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  of  State  to  communicate  information  thereof  to  the 
Executive  of  each  State,  and  to  cause  the  same  to  be  published  in  at  least  one  news 
paper  in  every  State,  giving  two  months'  previous  notice  that  Electors  of  President 
shall  be  chosen  or  appointed  in  the  several  States,  within  thirty-four  days  next  pre 
ceding  the  first  Wednesday  in  December  ensuing,  when  the  choice  of  President  must 
proceed  as  usual. 

FIRST  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON  was  unanimously  elected  President,  receiving  69  votes. 
JOHN  ADAMS  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  34  votes ;  while  John  Jay  had  9 


STATISTICAL    BECOEDS. 


455 


votes,  Robert  H.  Harrison  6,  John  Rutledge  6,  John  Hancock,  4,  George  Clinton  3, 
Samuel  Huntington  2,  James  Armstrong  1,  Edward  Telfair  1,  and  Benjamin  Lincoln  1 
The  Electors  were : — 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
Benjamin  Bellows,  Ebenezer  Thompson. 


1.  John  Pickering, 


Caleb  Davis, 

1.  Samuel  Phillips,  Jr., 

2.  Walter  Spooner, 

3.  Francis  Dana, 


2.  John  Parker, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

4.  Moses  Gill, 

6.  Samuel  Henshaw, 

6.  William  Cashing, 


3.  John  Sullivan. 


David  Sewall. 

7.  William  Sever, 

8.  William  Shepard. 


CONNECTICUT. 
Samuel  Huntington,  Erastus  Wolcott. 

1.  Oliver  Wolcott,  3.  Richard  Law,  5.  Matthew  Griswold. 

2.  Thacldeus  Burr, 


David  Brearley, 

1.  James  Kinsey, 

2.  John  Rutherford, 

Edward  Hand, 

1.  George  Gibson, 

2.  James  O'Harra, 

3.  John  Arndt, 


Gunning  Bedford, 
1.  John  Baning. 

John  Rogers, 

1.  George  Plater, 

2.  Robert  Smith, 


Patrick  Henry, 

1.  John  Pride, 

2.  Edward  Stevens, 

3.  Zachariah  Johnston, 


4.  Jedediah  Huntington, 
NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  John  Neilson, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

4.  David  Grier, 

6.  Collinson  Read, 
6.  Samuel  Potts, 

DELAWARE. 


David  Moore. 

4.  Matthias  Ogden. 


James  Wilson. 

7.  Lawrence  Keene, 

8.  Alexander  Graydon. 


George  Mitchell. 

MARYLAND. 

Philip  Thomas. 

3.  William  Tilghman,  5.  Alexander  C.  Hanson, 

4.  William  Richardson,         6.  William  Matthews. 


VIRGINIA. 

4.  Anthony  Walke, 
6.  James  Wood, 
6.  David  Stuart, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


W.  Tikhugh. 

7.  John  Harvie, 

8.  John  Roane. 


Christopher  Gadsden.  Edward  Rutledge. 

1.  Henry  Laurens,  3.  Charles  C.  Pinckney,         6.  John  F.  Grimke. 

2.  Arthur  Simkins,  4.  Thomas  Heyward,  Jr., 


George  Handley, 
1.  George  Walton, 


GEORGIA. 
2.  H.  Osborne, 


John  Wilson. 

3.  John  King. 


SECOND  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1793. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON  was  again  unanimously  elected  President,  receiving  132  votes. 
JOHN  ADAMS  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  77  votes;  while  George  Clinton 
had  50  votes,  Thomas  Jefferson  4,  and  Aaron  Burr  1.  The  Electors  were :  — 


Josiah  Bartlett, 

1.  John  T.  Gilman, 

2.  John  Pickering. 

Azor  Orne, 

1.  Samuel  Holten, 

2.  Ebenezer  Mattson,  Jr., 

3.  Thomas  Dawes, 

4.  William  Sever, 

5.  Increase  Sumner, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Benjamin  Bellows. 
3.  Jonathan  Freeman,  4.  Ebenezer  Thompson. 


MASSACHUSETTS  . 

6.  Walter  Spooner, 

7.  Moses  Gill, 

8.  Solomon  Freeman, 

9.  William  Shepard, 
10.  Nathaniel  Wells, 


Francis  Dana. 

11.  Thompson  J.  Skinner, 

12.  Daniel  Cony, 

13.  D  wight  Foster, 

14.  Peleg  Wadsworth. 


456 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


Arthur  Fenner, 
1.  George  Cliamplin, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 
2.  William  Greene. 


CONNECTICUT. 
Samuel  Huntington, 

1.  Oliver  Wolcott,  4.  Elijah  Hubbard, 

2.  Thomas  Grosvenor,  5.  Thomas  Seymour, 

3.  David  Austin, 

VERMONT. 
Samuel  Hitchcock, 
1.  Lot  Hall,  2.  Paul  Brigham. 


Jesse  Woodhull, 

1.  Edward  Savage, 

2.  Samuel  Clark, 

3.  Johannes  Bruyn, 

4.  Abraham  Yates,  Jr., 


NEW  YORK. 

6.  William  Floyd, 

6.  Volkert  Veeder, 

7.  Abraham  Ten  Eyck, 


NEW  JERSEY. 
Thomas  H.  Sanderson, 

1.  Richard  Stockton,  3.  Joseph  Bloomfield, 

2.  John  W.  Vancleve,  4.  Samuel  Dick, 


Samuel  J.  Potter. 


John  Davenport,  Jr. 

6.  Sylvester  Gilbert, 

7.  Martin  Wait. 


Lemuel  Chipman. 


David  Van  Ness. 

8.  Stephen  Ward, 

9.  John  Bay, 

10.  Samuel  Osgood. 


Aaron  D.  Woodruff. 

5.  Franklin  Davenport. 


William  Henry, 

1.  Joseph  Heister, 

2.  Thomas  Bull, 

3.  Thomas  McKean, 

4.  Cornelius  Coxe, 
6.  Henry  Miller, 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

6.  Robert  Johnston, 

7.  John  Wilkius,  Jr., 

8.  JohnBoyd, 

9.  David  Stewart, 


Robert  Coleman. 

10.  James  Morris, 

11.  George  Latinier, 

12.  Robert  Hare, 

13.  Hugh  Lloyd. 


DELAWARE. 


James  Sykes, 
1.  William  Hill  Wells. 

MARYLAND. 
Alexander  C.  Hanson, 

1.  John  E.  Howard,  4.  William  Smith,* 

2.  Levin  Winder,  6.  Richard  Potts, 

3.  Thomas  Lee,  6.  Samuel  Hughes,* 


Gunning  Bedford. 


John  Seney. 

7.  William  Richardson, 

8.  Donaldson  Yates. 


John  Wise, 
Nathaniel  Wilkinson, 
John  Early, 
William  O.  Callis, 
Catesby  Jones, 
Elias  Langham, 
Daniel  C.  Brent, 
John  Dawson, 


VIRGINIA. 

8.  Stephen  T.  Mason, 

9.  John  Roane,  Jr., 

10.  Moses  Hunter, 

11.  James  Murdough, 

12.  Archibald  Stuart, 

13.  Michael  Bailey, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 


George  Carrington. 

14.  John  Bovvyer, 

15.  Thomas  Claiborne. 

16.  Maxwell  Armstrong, 

17.  John  Pride, 

18.  Claiborne  Watkins, 

19.  Tarlton  Woodson. 


5.  Benjamin  Smith, 

6.  John  M.  Binford, 

7.  Matthew  Lock, 


Stephen  Cahames, 
Alfred  Moore, 
John  Mocon, 
Joel  Sane, 
R.  D.  Spaight, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Charles  C.  Pinckney, 

Andrew  Pickens,  3.  John  Barnwell, 

John  Hunter,  4.  Edward  Rutledge, 


GEORGIA. 

Benjamin  Taliaferro, 
1.  John  King,  2.  Seaborn  Jones. 


John  L.  Taylor. 

8.  Peter  Dange. 

9.  James  Taylor, 
10.  William  Porter. 


John  Chestnut. 

5.  Robert  Anderson. 

6.  John  Julius  Pringle. 


William  Gibbons. 


R.  C.  Anderson, 
1.  Benjamin  Logan. 


KENTUCKY. 
2.  Notley  Conn. 


Charles  Scott. 


*  Not  present. 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


457 


THIRD  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1797. 

JOHN  ADAMS  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  vote  of  New  Hampshire, 
Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  and  Del 
aware,  with  10  scattering  votes  from  other  States,  making  71  of  the  140  votes  cast. 
THOMAS  JEFFERSON  was  elected  Vice-President,  having  the  next  highest  number  of 
votes,  68 ;  while  Thomas  Piukney  had  58,  Aaron  Burr  30,  Samuel  Adams  15,  Oliver 
Ellsworth  11,  George  Clinton  7,  John  Jay  5,  James  Iredell  3,  Samuel  Johnston  2, 
George  Washington  2,  John  Henry  2,  Charles  C.  Pinckuey  1.  The  Electors  were :  — 


John  T.  Gilman, 

1.  Oliver  Peabody, 

2.  Ebeuezer  Thompson, 

Elijah  Dewey, 
1.  Elisha  Sheldon, 


William  Sever, 

1.  Samuel  Holton, 

2.  Edward  H.  Robbins, 

3.  Elbridge  Gerry, 

4.  Ebenezer  Mattoon, 

5.  Samuel  Phillips, 


Arthur  Tenner, 
1.  George  Champlin, 


Oliver  Wolcott, 

1.  Jeremiah  Wadsvvorth, 

2.  Heman  Swift, 

3.  Elizur  Goodrich, 


Lewis  Morris, 

1.  Richard  Thorne, 

2.  Peter  Cantine,  Jr. 

3.  A.  Ten  Broeck, 

4.  Abijah  Hammond, 


John  Neilson, 

1.  Aaron  Ogden, 

2.  John  Blackwood, 


Thomas  McKean, 

1.  James  Boyd, 

2.  Joseph  Heister, 

3.  William  Brown, 

4.  John  Piper, 

5.  John  Whitehill, 

Thomas  Robinson, 
1.  Richard  Bassett. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Benjamin  Bellows, 

VERMONT. 
2.  Oliver  Gallup. 

MASSACHUSETTS  . 

6.  Increase  Sumner, 

7.  Thomas  Dawes, 

8.  David  Rosseter, 

9.  Nathaniel  Wells, 
10.  Ebenezer  Hunt, 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

2.  William  Greene. 

CONNECTICUT. 

4.  William  Hart, 
6.  Elias  Perkins, 

NEW  YORK. 

5.  A.  Van  Vechten, 

6.  William  Root, 

7.  Peter  Smith, 

NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  Jonathan  Rhea, 

4.  William  Colefas, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

6.  William  Irvine, 

7.  Peter  Muhlenberg, 

8.  Robert  Coleman, 

9.  Abraham  Smith, 

DELAWARE. 


John  R,  Plater, 

1.  Francis  Deakins, 

2.  John  Gilpin, 

3.  George  Murdock, 


William  Nimmo, 
^.Nathaniel  Wilkinson, 
2.  David  Sauuders, 


MARYLAND. 

4.  John  Roberts, 

5.  John  Lynn, 

6.  John  Eccleston, 

VIRGINIA. 

3.  John  Taylor, 

4.  Catesby  Jones, 


Timothy  Farrar. 

4.  Timothy  Walker. 


John  Bridgman. 


Stephen  Longfellow. 

11.  Elisha  May, 

12.  Joseph  Allen, 

13.  Thomas  Rice, 

14.  Ebenezer  Bacon. 


Samuel  J.  Potter. 


Jonathan  Trumbull. 

6.  Jesse  Root, 

7.  Jonathan  Sturges. 


R.  Van  Rensselaer. 

8.  St.  John  Honeywood, 

9.  Charles  Nevvkirk, 
10.  Johannes  Miller. 


Caleb  Newbold. 

6.  Elisha  Lawrence. 


John  Smilie. 

10.  Samuel  Miles, 

11.  Jacob  Morgan, 

12.  William  Maclay, 

13.  James  Hanna. 


Isaac  Cooper. 


John  Archer. 

7.  Gabriel  Duvall, 

8.  John  Done. 


William  Terry. 

5.  Wilson  C.  Nicolas, 

6.  D.  Carroll  Brent, 


458 


STATISTICAL    BECOKDS. 


7.  William  Madison,            12.  Archibald  Stuart, 
8.  Levin  Powell,                   13.  John  Mason, 
9.  Benjamin  Temple,            14.  John  Bowyer, 
10.  Moses  Hunter,                 15.  Robert  Walker, 
11.  Josiah  Eiddick, 

16.  John  Brown, 
17.  George  Markham, 
18.  Robert  Crockett, 
19.  Peter  Johnson. 

James  Martin, 
1.  Gabriel  Raysdale, 
2.  John  Gray  Blout, 
3.  John  Hamilton, 
4.  William  Edmunds, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

5.  James  Bradley, 
6.  John  Hamilton, 
7.  William  Martin, 

Richard  D.  Spaight. 
8.  Evan  Alexander, 
9.  Anthony  Brown, 
10.  Sterling  Harwell. 

Edward  Rutledge, 
1.  Andrew  Pickens, 
2.  William  Thomas, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

3.  John  Chesnut, 
4.  John  Mathews, 

Arthur  Simkins. 
5.  Thomas  Taylor, 
6.  John  Rutledge,  Jr. 

James  Jackson, 
1.  Edward  Telfair, 

GEORGIA. 
2.  William  Barnett. 

Charles  Abercrombie. 

Stephen  Ormsby, 
1.  Isaac  Shelby, 

KENTUCKY. 
2.  John  Coburn. 

Caleb  Wallace. 

> 

TENNESSEE. 

Daniel  Smith, 
1.  Joseph  Greer. 


Hugh  Neilson. 


FOURTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION  — 1801. 

THOMAS  JEFFERSON  and  AAROX  BURR  having  each  received  73  of  the  128  electoral 
votes  cast,  the  choice  devolved  upon  the  House  of  Representatives.  The  73  votes  com 
prised  all  from  the  States  of  New  York,  Virginia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  South  Caro 
lina,  and  Georgia,  with  8  from  Pennsylvania,  5  from  Maryland,  and  8  from  North 
Carolina.  John  Adams  had  65  votes,  Charles  C.  Pinckuey  64,  and  John  Jay  1.  The 
Electors  were :  — 


Oliver  Peabody, 

1.  John  Prentice, 

2.  Timothy  Farrar, 


Elijah  Dewey, 
1.  Jonathan  Hunt, 


Samuel  Philips, 

1.  E.  H.  Robbins, 

2.  Samuel  Sewall, 

3.  David  Rosseter, 

4.  Theophilus  Bradbury, 
6.  Ebenezer  Hunt, 


George  Champlin, 
1.  Edward  Manton, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
3.  Ebenezer  Thomps.on, 

VERMONT. 

2.  William  Chamberlain, 
MASSACHUSETTS. 

6.  John  Hooker, 

7.  Walter  Spooner, 

8.  Joseph  Allen, 

9.  William  Sever, 
10.  S.  S.  Wilde, 

RHODE  ISLAND. 
2.  William  Greene. 


CONNECTICUT. 
Jonathan  Trumbull, 

1.  John  Treadwell,  4.  Matthew  Griswold, 

2.  Tapping  Reeve,  5.  Jonathan  Sturges, 

3.  Jesse  Root, 


Isaac  Ledyard, 
1.  Anthony  Lispeuard, 


NEW  YORK. 
2.  Robert  Ellis, 


Benjamin  Bellows. 

4.  Arthur  Livermore. 


Roswell  Hopkins. 


Francis  Dana. 

11.  William  Baylies, 

12.  Lemuel  Weeks, 

13.  Thomas  Dawes, 

14.  Andrew  P.  Fernald. 


Oliver  Davis. 


Jonathan  Ingersoll. 

6.  J.  O.  Moseley, 

7.  Stephen  M.  Mitchel 


Peter  Van  Ness. 

3.  P.  Van  Cortlandt,  Jr 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


459 


4.  John  Woodworth, 

5.  James  Burt, 

6.  J.  Van  Ilensselaer, 


Isaac  Smith, 

1.  Thomas  Sinnicksou, 

2.  M.  Williamson,  Jr., 


Frederick  Kuhn, 

1.  James  Armstrong, 

2.  John  Kean, 

3.  George  Ege, 

4.  Jonas  Hartzell, 

5.  John  Hubley, 

Kensey  Johns, 
1.  Samuel  White. 

Edmund  Plowden, 

1.  George  Murdock, 

2.  John  Gilpin, 

3.  Martin  Kershner, 


George  Wythe, 

1.  William  Newsum, 

2.  Richard  Brent, 

3.  William  H.  Cabell, 

4.  William  Ellzey, 

6.  James  Madison,  Jr., 

6.  John  Brown, 

7.  John  Page. 

William  Tate, 

1.  Joseph  Winston, 

2.  William  Martin, 

3.  Absalom  Tatom, 

4.  Bryan  Whitfield, 

John  Hunter, 

1.  Paul  Hamilton, 

2.  Andrew  Love,  • 


John  Morrison, 
1.  Dennis  Smelt, 


John  Coburn, 
1.  John  Pope, 


Daniel  Smith, 
1.  John  Locke. 


7.  Gilbert  Livingston, 

8.  Jacob  Eaker, 


NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  Richard  Stockton, 

4.  William  Griffith, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

6.  Gabriel  Heister, 

7.  William  Hall, 

8.  Presly  Carr  Lane, 

9.  Samuel  W.  Fisher, 

DELAWARE. 


9.  Thomas  Jenkins, 
10.  William  Floyd. 


Samuel  S.  Smith. 

5.  Joshua  L.  Howell 


Samuel  Wetherill. 

10.  N.  B.  Boileau. 

11.  James  Crawford,  Sr., 

12.  Isaac  Van  Horn, 

13.  Robert  Whitehill. 


Nathaniel  Mitchell. 


MARYLAND. 

Francis  Deakins. 

4.  Perry  Spencer,  7.  Nicholas  B.  Moore, 

6.  Gabriel  Duvall,  8.  Littleton  Dennis. 

6.  William  M.  Robertson, 


VIRGINIA. 

8.  John  Preston, 

9.  Thomas  Newton, 

10.  Hugh  Holmes, 

11.  Joseph  Jones, 

12.  Archibald  Stuart, 

13.  William  B.  Giles, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

6.  Spruce  Macay, 

6.  Nathan  Mayo, 

7.  Joseph  Taylor, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

3.  Robert  Anderson, 

4.  Joseph  Blyth, 

GEORGIA. 
2.  David  Blackshear. 

KENTUCKY. 
2.  Isaac  Shelby. 

TENNESSEE. 


Walter  Jones. 

14.  John  Shore, 

15.  Creed  Taylor, 

16.  John  Bowyer, 

17.  Thomas  Reade,  Sr., 

18.  Daniel  Colemau, 

19.  George  Penn. 


Thomas  Brown. 

8.  Thomas  Wynns, 

9.  Gideon  Alston, 
10.  John  Hamilton., 


Arthur  Simkins. 

6.  Theodore  Gaillard, 
6.  Wade  Hampton. 


Henry  Graybill. 


Charles  Scott. 


Robert  Love. 


The  House  of  Representatives,  on  which  devolved  the  choice  between  Jefferson  and 
Burr,  voted  to  commence  balloting  on  Wednesday,  the  eleventh  day  of  February,  to 
attend  to  no  other  business  while  the  election  was  pending,  and  not  to  adjourn  until  a 
choice  was  effected.  Seats  were  provided  upon  the  floor  for  the  President  and  the 
Senators,  but  during  the  act  of  balloting  the  galleries  were  cleared  of  spectators,  and 
the  doors  were  closed.  Upon  the  first  ballot  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania, 
Virginia,  North  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  and  Tennessee  (8),  voted  for  Thomas 
Jefferson;  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Delaware,  and 
South  Carolina  (6),  voted  for  Aaron  Burr;  and  the  votes  of  Vermont  and  Maryland 
(the  representatives  of  which  were  divided)  were  given  blank.  The  balloting  was  con 
tinued,  and  the  House  remained  in  session,  nominally  without  adjournment,  for  seven 
days,  during  which  one  hundred  and  four  members  were  present.  Some  of  them  were 
so  infirm  or  indisposed  that  it  was  necessary  to  provide  beds  for  them,  and  one  mem' 


460 


STATISTICAL    RECOBDS. 


ber,  who  was  quite  ill,  was  attended  by  his  wife.  On  the  thirty-sixth  ballot,  which 
was  taken  on  the  afternoon  of  the  seventeenth,  the  votes  of  Delaware  and  South  Car 
olina  were  given  blank,  while  those  of  Vermont  and  Maryland  were  given  to  Mr.  Jef 
ferson,  and  elected  him.  The  Vice-Presidency,  of  course,  devolved  upon  Mr.  Burr. 


FIFTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1805. 

THOMAS  JEFFERSON  was  re-elected  President,  receiving  162  of  the  176  votes  cast. 
This  comprised  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  all  the  States,  except  Connecticut,  Dela 
ware,  and  Maryland ;  the  two  first  of  which  threw  their  full  vote  for  Charles  Cotes- 
worth  Pinckney,  and  the  last  gave  nine  votes  for  Mr.  Jefferson  and  two  for  Mr. 
Pinckney.  GEORGE  CLINTON  was  elected  Vice-President  by  the  same  majority  and 
vote,  Eufus  King  receiving  fourteen  votes.  The  Electors  were  : — 


John  Goddard, 

1.  Levi  Bartlet, 

2.  George  Aldrich, 


Josiah  Wright, 

1.  Samuel  Shaw, 

2.  William  Hunter, 

James  Sullivan, 

1.  Elbridge  Gerry, 

2.  John  Whiting, 

3.  James  Bowdoin, 

4.  John  Bacon, 

5.  John  Hathorne, 

6.  William  Heath, 


Constant  Taber, 
1.  James  Aldrich, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Timothy  Walker, 

4.  Jonathan  Steele, 

VERMONT. 
3.  Ezra  Butler, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

7.  Thomas  Kitteridge, 

8.  John  Woodman, 

9.  James  Winthrop, 

10.  Charles  Turner, 

11.  Edward  Upham, 

12.  Thomas  Fillebrown 

RHODE  ISLAND. 


Robert  Alcock. 

5.  William  Tarlton. 


Nathaniel  Niles. 
4.  John  Noyes. 


Timothy  Newell. 

13.  James  Warren, 

14.  John  Farley, 

15.  John  Davis, 

16.  Jonathan  Smith, 

17.  Josiah  Deane. 


2.  Benjamin  Remington. 


James  Helme. 


Jonathan  Trumbull, 

1.  John  Tread  well,  4. 

2.  David  Smith,  5. 

3.  Oliver  Ellsworth, 


Sylvester  Dening, 

1.  James  Fairlie, 

2.  Thomas  Brooks, 

3.  Cornelius  Bergen, 

4.  Matthias  B.  Hildreth, 
6.  John  Herring, 

6.  William  Floyd, 


Solomon  Freligh, 

1.  Alexander  Carmichael, 

2.  Moore  Furman, 


CONNECTICUT. 

Asher  Miller, 
David  Daggett, 

NEW  YORK. 


Lewis  B.  Sturges. 

6.  Sylvester  Gilbert, 

7.  Joshua  Huntington. 


7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 


Ezra  Thompson, 
Jonas  Earl, 
John  Wood, 
Joseph  Ellicott, 
Conrad  I.  Elmendorff, 
Henry  Quackinboss, 


John  Cramer, 

13.  Stephen  Miller, 

14.  Adam  Comstock, 

15.  Albert  Pawling, 

16.  Abraham  Bancker, 

17.  Isaac  Sargent. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


3.  Phineas  Manning, 

4.  Jacob  Hufty, 


Charles  Thompson, 

1.  William  Montgomery,  7. 

2.  John  Bowman,  8. 

3.  Matthew  Lawler,  9. 

4.  William  Brown,  10. 

5.  Robert  McMullen,  11. 

6.  George  Smith,  12. 


Maxwell  Bines, 
1.  George  Kenuard. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

William  Brooke, 
Jacob  Hostetter, 
Thomas  Long, 
Jacob  Bonnett, 
Francis  Svvaine, 
James  Montgomery, 

DELAWARE. 


Thomas  Newbold. 

6.  William  Rossell, 
6.  Abijah  Smith. 


Casper  Shaffher,  Jr. 

13.  Henry  Spering, 

14.  John  Minor, 

15.  James  Boyd, 

16.  John  Hamilton, 

17.  Peter  Frailey, 

18.  Nathaniel  Irish. 


Thomas  Fisher. 


STATISTICAL    EECOBDS. 


461 


John  Parnham, 

1.  Joseph  Wilkinson, 

2.  John  Gilpin, 

3.  John  Johnson, 


Richard  Evers  Lee, 
1.  John  Goodrich, 


MARYLAND. 

4.  William  Gleaves, 

5.  Edward  Johnson, 

6.  Perry  Spencer, 

VIRGINIA. 


2.  Thomas  Read, 

3.  Edward  Pegram, 

4.  Creed  Taylor, 

5.  William  H.  Cabell, 
G.  John  Taliaferro,  Jr., 

7.  George  Peiin, 

8.  Richard  Brent, 


Felix  Walker, 

1.  Peter  Forney, 

2.  Lemuel  Sawyer, 

3.  Joseph  Williams, 

4.  James  Jones, 


John  Blake, 

1.  John  Gaillard, 

2.  Arthur  Simkins, 

3.  Thomas  Taylor, 


Edward  Telfair, 

1.  David  Emanuel, 

2.  John  Rutherford, 


Charles  Scott, 

1.  John  Coburn, 

2.  Niniau  Edwards, 


David  Deaderich, 
1.  Richard  Mitchell, 


William  Goforth, 
1.  Nathaniel  Massie. 


10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 


George  Wythe, 
Hugh  Holmes, 
John  Taylor, 
James  Dailey, 
Larkin  Smith, 
James  Allen, 
John  Minor, 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

5.  Montford  Stokes, 

6.  Reading  Blount, 

7.  Solomon  Graves, 

8.  Bryan  Whitfield, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  William  Hill, 
6.  Joseph  Blythe, 
6.  James  Miles, 

GEORGIA. 
3.  Henry  Graybill, 

KENTUCKY. 

3.  Hubbard  Taylor, 

4.  Joseph  Lewis, 

TENNESSEE. 
2.  George  Ridley, 
OHIO. 


Tobias  E.  Stansbury. 

7.  John  Tyler, 

8.  Ephraifn  K.  Wilson, 

9.  Frisby  Tilghmau. 


Richard  Field. 

16.  Archibald  Stuart, 

17.  William  Ellzey, 

18.  James  McFarlane, 

19.  William  Dudley, 

20.  John  Preston, 

21.  Mann  Page, 

22.  William  McKinley. 


Robert  Cochran. 

9.  Joseph  Taylor, 

10.  Samuel  Ashe,  Sr., 

11.  Joseph  John  Alston, 

12.  Gideon  Alston. 


Samuel  Warren. 

7.  Joseph  Calhoun, 

8.  John  Taylor. 


James  B.  Maxwell. 
4.  David  Cresswell. 


Isaac  Shelby. 

5.  William  Irvine, 

6.  William  Roberts. 


William  Martin. 

3.  Robert  Houston. 


James  Pritchard. 


SIXTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1809. 

JAMES  MADISON  was  elected  President,  having  received  the  entire  electoral  vote  of 
Vermont,  Pennsylvania,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Tennessee,  Kentucky,  and  Ohio, 
and  13  of  the  19  votes  of  New  York,  9  of  the  11  of  Maryland,  and  11  of  the  14  of  North 
Carolina ;  in  all  122  of  the  175  votes  cast ;  George  Clinton  received  6  votes  of  New  York, 
and  the  balance  (47)  were  given  to  Charles  Cotesworth  Pinckney.  GEORGE  CLINTON 
was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  113  votes,  while  Rufus  King  had  47,  James  Mad 
ison  3,  and  James  Monroe  3.  The  Electors  were : — 


Jeremiah  Smith, 

1.  Oliver  Peabody, 

2.  Benjamin  West, 


Israel  Smith, 

1.  Jonas  Galusha, 

2.  Janres  Tarbox, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Samuel  Hale, 

4.  Jonathan  Franklin, 

VERMONT. 
3.  John  White, 


Timothy  Farrar. 

6.  Robert  Wallace. 


Samuel  Shepardson. 
4.  William  Gaboon. 


462 


STATISTICAL    RECOEDS. 


Caleb  Strong, 
1.  Francis  Dana, 
2.  Ebenezer  Warren, 
3.  John  Brooks, 
4.  Samuel  Tobey, 
5.  Moses  Brown, 
6.  Joshua  Thomas, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

7.  William  Bartlett, 
8.  Lemuel  Williams, 
9.  Ebenezer  Bridge, 
10.  Andrew  Feruald, 
11.  Benjamin  Heywood, 
12.  Samuel  Freeman, 

Daniel  Dewey. 
13.  Josiah  Stearns, 
14.  Samuel  S.  Wilde, 
15.  John  Hooker, 
16.  Jeremiah  Bailey, 
17.  John  Barrett. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 
Thomas  P.  Ives, 
1.  C.  Fowler,  2.  Thomas  Noyes. 

CONNECTICUT. 
Jonathan  Trumbull, 

1.  John  Treadwell,  4.  Jesse  Root, 

2.  Stephen  T.  Hosmer,  6.  Roger  Griswold, 

3.  David  Daggett, 


Ambrose  Spencer, 

1.  Henry  Huntington, 

2.  Benjamin  Mooers, 

3.  John  W.  Seaman, 

4.  Adam  B.  Vrornan, 

5.  Henry  Rutgers, 

6.  Thomas  Shankland, 


James  Mott, 

1.  James  Morgan, 

2.  Thomas  Hendry, 


Charles  Thomson, 

1.  Thomas  Leiper, 

2.  James  Cowden, 

3.  Michael  Leib, 

4.  William  Wilson, 

5.  Joseph  Engle, 

6.  Robert  Griffen, 


James  Booth, 
1.  Nicholas  Ridgely. 

John  R.  Plater, 

1.  Robert  Bowie, 

2.  Thomas  W.  Veazey, 

3.  Edward  Johnson, 


NEW  YORK. 

7.  John  Garretson, 

8.  William  Hallock, 

9.  Ebenezer  White, 

10.  Russell  Atwater, 

11.  Thomas  Lawrence, 

12.  Joseph  Simonds, 

NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  Amos  Harrison, 

4.  George  Burgin, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

7.  William  Rodman, 

8.  Jacob  Hostetter, 

9.  Archibald  Darrah, 

10.  David  Fullerton, 

11.  Jacob  Weygandt, 

12.  Peter  Kenimell, 

DELAWARE. 


MARYLAND.' 

4.  Richard  Tilghman, 

5.  John  Johnson, 

6.  Earl  Perry  Spencer, 


Joseph  Goodwin,  Sr., 


1.  Edward  Pegram,  Sr., 

2.  Robert  Nelson, 

3.  Richard  Field, 

4.  Mann  Page, 

5.  Thomas  Read, 

6.  Richard  Barnes, 

7.  Joseph  Eggleston, 

8.  John  T.  Brooks, 


Francis  Locke, 

1.  Thomas  Wynns, 

2.  Kemp  Plummer, 

3.  Samuel  Ashe,  Sr., 

4.  Joseph  Taylor, 


VIRGINIA. 

9.  Hugh  Nelson, 

10.  Hugh  Holmes, 

11.  George  Penn, 

12.  Osborn  Sprigg, 

13.  Philip  N.  Nicholas, 

14.  James  Allen, 

15.  Spencer  Roane, 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

5.  Murdock  McKenzie, 

6.  Peter  Forney, 

7.  Robert  Love, 

8.  James  Rainey, 


James  Rhodes. 


John  Cotton  Smith. 

6.  Frekerick  Wolcott, 

7.  Samuel  W.  Johnsou. 


Henry  Yates,  Jr. 

13.  James  Tallmage, 

14.  Hugh  Jamison, 

15.  Jonathan  Rouse, 

16.  Matthew  Carpenter, 

17.  Micajah  Petit. 


Benjamin  Egbert. 

5.  David  Welch, 

6.  Abijah  Smith. 


Adamson  Tannehill. 

13.  Joseph  Lefevre, 

14.  Joseph  Huston, 

15.  Gabriel  Heister,  Jr., 

16.  William  Montgomery, 

17.  George  Hartman, 

18.  John  McDowell. 


Daniel  Rodney. 


Tobias  E.  Stansbury. 

7.  John  Tyler, 

8.  Henry  James  Carroll, 

9.  Nathaniel  Rochester. 


Benjamin  Harrison. 

16.  Archibald  Stuart,    c 

17.  John  Roane, 

18.  Andrew  Russell, 

19.  Robert  Taylor, 

20.  John  Preston, 

21.  Gustavns  B.  Horner, 

22.  William  McKinley. 


Robert  Cleveland. 

9.  John  Winslow, 

10.  Joseph  Riddick, 

11.  William  Gaston, 

12.  Henry  I.  Toole. 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


463 


Joseph  Gist, 

1.  John  Wilson, 

2.  Liingdon  Cheves, 

3.  John  McMonies, 


John  Eutherford, 

1.  John  Twiggs, 

2.  Christopher  Clark, 


Samuel  Hopkins, 

1.  "William  Logan, 

2.  Kobert  Trimble, 


James  Robertson, 
1.  William  Martin, 


Nathaniel  Massie, 
1.  Stephen  Wood. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  Paul  Hamilton, 

5.  William  Strother, 

6.  Samuel  Mays, 

GEORGIA. 
3.  Henry  Graybill, 

KENTUCKY, 

3.  Matthew  Walton, 

4.  Hubbard  Taylor, 

TENNESSEE. 
2.  James  Sevier, 
OHIO. 


Joseph  Bellinger. 

7.  William  Zimmerman, 

8.  William  House. 


David  Meriwether. 

4.  James  E.  Houston. 


Charles  Scott. 

5.  Robert  Ewing, 

6.  Christopher  Greenup. 


Joseph  Greer. 

3.  Baldwin  Hale. 


Thomas  McCune. 


SEVENTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1813. 

JAMES  MADISON  was  re-elected  President,  having  received  the  entire  electoral  vote 
of  Vermont,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  North  and  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky, 
Tennessee,  Ohio,  and  Louisiana,  and  six  of  the  eleven  votes  of  Maryland, — in  all  128 
of  the  217  votes  cast;  the  balance  (89)  were  given  for  De  Witt  Clinton,  of  New  York. 
ELBRIDGE  GERRY  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  131  votes ;  while  Jared  Inger- 
soll  had  86.  The  Electors  were  :— 


John  Goddard, 

1.  Oliver  Peabodj^, 

2.  Benjamin  West, 


Nathaniel  Niles, 

1.  Noah  Chittenden, 

2.  William  A.  Griswold, 


William  Heath, 

1.  Harrison  G.  Otis, 

2.  Joshua  Thomas, 

3.  Nathan  Dane, 

4.  David  Scudder, 

5.  Jeremiah  Nelson, 

6.  Lathrop  Lewis, 

7.  Abraham  Bigelow, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Samuel  Hale, 

4.  Caleb  Ellis, 

VERMONT. 

3.  William  Slade, 

4.  Elihu  Luce, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

8.  Nathaniel  Goodwin, 

9.  John  Walker, 

10.  Samuel  Parris, 

11.  George  Bliss, 

12.  Abiel  Wood, 

13.  Benjamin  Heywood, 

14.  Lemuel  Paine. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 
Christopher  Fowler, 
1.  Samuel  G.  Arnold,  2.  Ephraim  Bowen. 


Nathaniel  Terry, 

1.  Theodore  Dwight, 

2.  James  Gould, 

3.  David  Daggett, 

Joseph  C.  Yates, 

1.  Simeon  De  Witt, 

2.  Robert  Jenkins, 

3.  Archibald  Mclntyre, 

4.  M.  S.  Van  Dercook, 
6.  John  C.  Hodgeboom, 
6.  George  Palmer,  Jr., 


CONNECTICUT. 

4.  Stephen  T.  Hosmer, 

6.  Calvin  Goddard. 

NEW  YORK. 

7.  G.  S.  Mumford, 

8.  James  Hill, 

9.  J.  Delamontagnie, 

10.  William  Kirby, 

11.  P.  Van  Cortlandt, 

12.  Henry  Frey, 


Timothy  Farrar. 

6.  Nathan  Taylor, 
6.  Jonathan  Franklin. 


Josiah  Wright. 

5.  John  H.  Andrus, 

6.  Mark  Richards. 


John  W.  Hurlburt. 

15.  Eleazer  James, 

16.  James  McClellan, 

17.  E.  Williams, 

18.  William  Crosby, 

19.  Isaac  Maltby, 

20.  Israel  Thorndike. 


William  Rhodes. 


Daniel  Putnam. 

6.  Jonathan  Barnes, 

7.  S.  B.  Sherwood. 


David  Van  Ness. 

13.  John  Chandler, 

14.  Thomas  H.  Hubbard, 

15.  Henry  Huntiugton, 

16.  John  Russell, 

17.  John  Woodworth, 

18.  James  S.  Kipp, 


464 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


19.  David  Boyd, 

20.  Jotham  Jayme, 

21.  Cornelius  Bergen, 


Matthew  Whilden, 

1.  William  B.  Ewing, 

2.  Elias  Conover, 


22.  Jonathan  Stanley,  Jr.  25.  Chauncey  Belknap, 

23.  Joseph  Perine,  26.  George  Rosecrautz, 

24.  William  Burnet,  27.  John  Dill. 

NEW  JEKSEY. 

William  Griffith. 

3.  Franklin  Davenport,  5.  Jacob  Losey, 

4.  Andrew  Howell,  6.  William  McGill. 


Walter  Franklin, 
Daniel  Mitchell, 
David  Fullerton, 
Paul  Cox, 
Samuel  Smyth, 
Isaac  Worrell, 
Robert  Smith, 
Michael  Baker, 
Nathaniel  Mickler, 


James  L.  Clayton, 
Benj  amin  -Blakiston, 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


9.  Joseph  Engle, 

10.  Chas.  Shoemaker,  Jr., 

11.  James  Fulton, 

12.  James  Mitchell, 

13.  Isaiah  Davis, 

14.  John  Murray, 

15.  John  Whitehill, 

16.  Clement  Paine, 


Hugh  Glasgow. 

17.  Edward  Crouch, 

18.  Joseph  Reed, 

19.  Henry  Allshouse, 

20.  Alexander  Dysart, 

21.  James  Stephenson, 

22.  David  Mead, 

23.  Abia  Minor. 


DELAWARE. 
2.  Thomas  Fisher. 


MARYLAND. 
Henry  H.  Chapman, 

Edward  H.  Calvert,  4.  Thomas  Worrell, 

Thomas  W.  Veazey,  6.  John  Stephen, 

Edward  Johnson,  6.  Edward  Lloyd, 


James  Sykes. 


Tobias  E.  Stansbury. 

7.  Henry  Williams, 

8.  Littleton  Dennis, 

9.  Daniel  Kentch. 


1. 

2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
G. 
7. 
8. 

Richard  Henry  Lee, 
Benjamin  Harrison, 
Robert  Nelson, 
Edward  Pegram, 
Mann  Page, 
Richard  Field, 
Walter  Jones, 
Thomas  Read, 
John  T.  Brooke, 

9. 

10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 

VIRGINIA. 
Gustavus  B.  Horner. 
Matthew  Cheatham,         17.  W.  G.  Poinclexter, 
Hugh  Holmes,                  18.  Andrew  Russell, 
William  Armistead,         19.  Spenoer  Roane, 
Daniel  Morgan,                 20.  Charles  Taylor, 
Charles  Yancey,                21.  Sthreshly  Rennolds, 
Archibald  Rutherford,     22.  W.  McKinley, 
George  Penn,                   23.  Robert  Taylor. 
Archibald  Stuart, 

William  H.  Murfree^ 
Redar  Ballard,  6. 

James  Rainey,  7. 

James  Bright,  8. 

Francis  Locke,  9. 

Thomas  D.  King, 


James  Campbell, 
John  Johnson, 
John  McCreary, 
Andrew  Pickens, 


Daniel  Stewart, 
Henry  Graybill, 
Oliver  Porter, 


Robert  Ewing, 
William  Casey, 
Robert  Mosby, 
Samuel  Murrell, 
Hubbard  Taylor, 

E.  K.  Dulany, 
Henry  Bradford, 
Thomas  Washington, 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Montford  Stokes, 
James  W.  Clarke, 
Joseph  Uniston, 
H.  G.  Burton, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

William  Smith, 
William  Caldwell, 
William  Alston, 

GEORGIA. 


3.  Charles  Harris, 

4.  Henry  Mitchell, 

KENTUCKY. 

6.  Samuel  Caldwell, 

6.  Duval  Payne, 

7.  Richard  Taylor, 

TENNESSEE. 

8.  James  Trimble, 
4.  David  McEwen, 


James  Mebane. 

10.  Jonathan  Hampton, 

11.  Thomas  Davis, 

12.  Henry  Massey, 

13.  Kemp  Plummer. 


Reuben  Starke. 

7.  Samuel  Johnson, 

8.  Richard  Singleton, 

9.  Sampson  Butler. 


John  Twiggs. 

5.  John  Rutherford, 

6.  John  Howard. 


William  Irvine. 

8.  Walter  Baylor, 

9.  William  Logan, 
10.  T.  D.  Ovvings. 


William  Trigg. 

5.  James  McCampbell, 

6.  Thomas  Johnson. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


465 


John  Jones, 

1.  Matthias  Corwin, 

2.  D.  Abbot  (not  present), 


Julien  Poydras, 
1.  Philemon  Thomas. 


OHIO. 

3.  David  Purviance, 

4.  Thomas  Ijams, 

LOUISIANA. 


James  Prichard. 

5.  James  Dunlap, 

6.  John  Hamm. 


Stephen  A.  Hopkins. 


EIGHTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION- 1817. 

JAMES  MUNROE  was  elected  President,  having  received  the  entire  electoral  vote  of 
every  State  except  Massachusetts,  Connecticut  and  Delaware,— in  all  183  of  the  217 
votes  cast;  the  remaining  34  being  given  for  Rufus  King.  DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  was 
elected  Vice-President,  receiving  183  votes;  while  John  E.  Howard  had  22  votes, 
James  Ross  5,  John  Marshall  4,  and  Robert  G.  Harper  3.  The  Electors  were :  — 


Thomas  Manning, 

1.  Benjamin  Butler, 

2.  Jacob  Tuttle, 


J.  Robinson, 

1.  Apollos  Austin, 

2.  Asaph  Fletcher, 


Christopher  Gore, 

1.  Prentiss  Mellen, 

2.  Jonas  Kendall, 

3.  Israel  Thorndike, 

4.  E.  H.  Robbins, 

5.  Benj.  Pickman,  Jr., 

6.  John  Low, 

7.  David  A.  White, 


James  Fenner, 
1.  Thomas  Pitman, 


Jonathan  Ingersoll, 
1.  Nathaniel  Terry, 
8.  Elisha  Sterling, 
3.  Seth  P.  Staples, 

Henry  Rutgers, 

1.  Lemuel  Chipman, 

2.  Artemas  Aldrich, 

3.  John  W.  Seaman, 

4.  Henry  Becker, 
6.  Jacob  Drake, 

6.  Aaron  Searing, 

7.  James  Farlie, 

8.  Israel  W.  Clark, 

9.  Augustus  Wright, 


Lewis  Moore, 

1.  Aaron  Kitchell, 

2.  Daniel  Garrison, 


Paul  Cox, 

1.  David  Mitchell, 

2.  James  Wilson, 

3.  John  Geyer, 

4.  Gabriel  Heister, 

30 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  William  Badger, 

4.  Thomas  C.  Drew, 

VERMONT. 

3.  Robert  Holly, 

4.  John  H.  Cotton, 


Richard  H.  Ayer. 

6.  Amos  Cogswell, 
6.  Dan  Young. 


James  Roberts. 

5.  William  Braytou, 

6.  Isaiah  Fisk. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

Bezabeel  Taft. 
8.  S.  Longfellow,  Jr.,  15.  Daniel  Howard, 

16.  William  Phillips, 

17.  Wendell  Davis, 

18.  Josiah  Stebbins, 

19.  Seth  Washburne, 

20.  Thomas  H.  Perkins. 


9.  Joseph  Locke. 

10.  William  Abbot, 

11.  Thomas  Dwight, 

12.  Timothy  Boutelle 

13.  Peter  Bryant, 

14.  Luther  Carey, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

2.  Dutee  Arnold. 

CONNECTICUT. 

4.  Elijah  Hubbard, 

5.  Jirah  Isham, 

NEW  YORK. 

10.  Daniel  Root, 

11.  P.  S.  Van  Orden, 

12.  Montgomery  Hull, 

13.  J.  W.  Van  Wyck, 

14.  Nicoll  Fosdick, 

15.  J.  D.  Monell, 

16.  E.  Edmonds, 

17.  John  Blake,  Jr., 

18.  George  Petit, 

NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  David  Welsh, 

4.  William  Rossell, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

6.  Daniel  Bussier, 

6.  James  Meloy, 

7.  John  Conrad, 

8.  James  Banks, 


Edward  Wilcox. 


William  Perkins. 

6.  Asa  Wiley, 

7.  S.  W.  Johnson. 


Alexander  McNish. 

19.  Jacob  Wertz, 

20.  Richard  Townley, 

21.  Gabriel  North, 

22.  Samuel  Lawrence, 

23.  Charles  E.  Dudley, 

24.  Nathaniel  Rochester, 

25.  Benjamin  Smith, 

26.  Worthy  L.  Churchel, 

27.  Samuel  Lewis. 


Charles  Ogden. 

5.  John  Crowell, 

6.  Robert  McNeeley. 


M.  Fackenthal. 

9.  William  Brooke-, 

10.  Robert  Clark, 

11.  Isaac  Anderson^ 

12.  Abiel  Fellows, 


4-66 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


13.  Matthew  Roberts, 

14.  David  Marchand, 

15.  John  Mohler, 

1G.  Thomas  Patterson, 


Thomas  Robinson, 
1.  Isaac  Tunnell. 


17.  John  Harrison, 

18.  Joseph  Huston, 

19.  Jacob  Hostetter, 

20.  Samuel  Scott, 

DELAWARE. 
2.  Nicholas  Ridgely. 


21.  John  Rea, 

22.  James  Alexander, 

23.  William  Gilliland. 


MARYLAND. 
William  D.  Beall, 

1.  Joseph  Kent,  4.  Benjamin  Massy, 

2.  William  C.  Miller,  5.  John  Stephen, 

3.  Edward  Johnson,  6.  Thomas  Ennalls, 


Andrew  Barratt. 


George  Warner. 

7.  John  Buchanan, 

8.  Littleton  Dennin, 
D.  Lawrence  Breugle. 


George  Newton, 

1.  Charles  H.  "Graves, 

2.  Hugh  Holmes, 

3.  JohnPegram, 

4.  Archibald  Rutherford, 

5.  John  Purnall, 

6.  Archibald  Stuart, 

7.  Joseph  C.  Cabell, 

8.  Andrew  Russell, 


Robert  Love, 

1.  Jesse  Franklin, 

2.  John  Hall, 

3.  Peter  Forney, 

4.  Thomas  Wynns, 

5.  Francis  Locke, 


William  Garrett, 

1.  Philemon  Bradford, 

2.  Thomas  Evans, 

3.  William  McKeralls, 


David  Adams, 

1.  John  Mclntosh, 

2.  John  Clark, 


Duvall  Payne, 

1.  Hubbavd  Taylor, 

2.  William  Logan, 

3.  Robert '.Trimble, 

4.  Alexander  Adair, 

Alfred  M.  Carter, 

1.  Joseph  Hamilton, 

2.  M.  McClanohan, 


John  G.  Young, 

1.  Aaron  Wheeler, 

2.  Othniel  Looker, 


Jesse  L.  Holman, 
Joseph  Bartholomew. 


VIRGINIA. 

9.  Charles  Yancey, 

10.  Charles  Taylor, 

11.  Spencer  Roane, 

12.  Robert  B.  Starke, 

13.  Sthreshly  Reynolds, 

14.  William  Archer, 

15.  Robert  Taylor, 

16.  Benjamin  Cook. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 


6.  Joseph  Riddick, 

7.  Abraham  Phillips, 

8.  James  Hoskins, 

9.  Alexander  Gray, 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  Thomas  Lee, 

5.  Frederick  Nance, 

6.  John  L.  Wilson, 

GEORGIA. 

3.  Jared  Irwin, 

4.  John  Rutherford, 

KENTUCKY. 

5.  Thomas  Bodley, 

6.  Samuel  Caldwell, 

7.  Willis  A.  Lee, 

TENNESSEE. 

3.  David  Campbell, 

4.  Samuel  Buchanan, 

OHIO. 

3.  John  Paterson, 

4.  Benjamin  Haugh, 

INDIANA. 


Garrigues  Flanjac, 
John  R.  Grimes. 


LOUISIANA. 


John  T.  Brooke. 

17.  Isaac  Foster, 

18.  Wm.  Brokenbrough, 

19.  Brazure  W.  Pryor, 

20.  Daniel  Morgan, 

21.  William  Jones, 

22.  JohnEdie, 

23.  William  Lee  Ball. 


Nathaniel  Jones. 

10.  Vine  Allen, 

11.  Joseph  Pukett, 

12.  Thomas  D.  King, 

13.  Thomas  Ruffln. 


James  Duff. 

7.  John  Thomas, 

8.  Joseph  Reid, 

9.  Richard  B.  Screven. 


Charles  Harris. 

6.  Henry  Mitchell, 
6.  David  Meriwether. 


Richard  Taylor. 

8.  Samuel  Mnrrell, 

9.  William  Irvine, 
10.  Robert  Evving. 


Kobert  Allen. 

6.  Adam  Huntsman, 
6.  James  Baxter. 


Abraham  Shepherd. 

6.  William  Skinner, 
6.  James  Curry. 


Thomas  H.  Blake. 


Squire  Lea. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


467 


NINTH     PRESIDENTIAL    ELECTION— 1821. 

JAMES  MONROE  was  re-elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  every 
State  (228)  except  New  Hampshire,  of  which  one  vote  was  thrown  for  John  Quincy 
Adams.  DANIEL  D.  TOMPKIXS  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  215  votes ;  while 
Richard  Stockton  had  8  votes,  Daniel  Rodney  4,  Robert  G.  Harper  1,  and  Richard  Rash. 
1.  The  Electors  were  : — 


William  Pluraer, 

1.  David  Barker, 

2.  Nathaniel  Shannon, 


James  Galusha, 

1.  Gilbert  Denison, 

2.  Daniel  A.  A.  Buck, 


John  Adams, 

1.  William  Phillips, 

2.  Thomas  H.  Blood, 

3.  William  Gray, 

4.  Jonas  Sibley, 

5.  Daniel  Webster, 


James  Tenner, 
1.  Dutee  J.  Pearce, 


Henry  Seymour, 

1.  Samuel  Welles, 

2.  William  Cogswell, 

3.  William  Mosely, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  William  Fisk, 

4.  Ezra  Bartlett, 

VERMONT. 

3.  Pliny  Smith, 

4.  Ezra  Butler, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

6.  Ezra  Starkweather, 

7.  B.  W.  Crowninshield, 

8.  Wendell  Davis, 

9.  John  Heard, 


EIIODE    ISLAND. 
2.  Dutee  Arnold. 

CONNECTICUT. 

4.  John  Alsop, 

5.  Ebenezer  Brockway, 

NEW  *  YORK. 


John  Pendexter. 

5.  Samuel  Dinsmoor, 

6.  James  Smith. 


William  Slade,  Jr. 

5.  Aaron  Leland, 

6.  Timothy  Stanley. 


Seth  Sprague. 

10.  John  Davis, 

11.  Samuel  Dana, 

12.  Joseph  Woodbridge, 

13.  Ebeuczer  Mattoon. 


Robert  F.  Noyes. 


Isaiah  Loomis. 

6.  S.  W.  Crawford, 

7.  Samuel  II .  Phillips. 


William  Floyd, 

John  Baker. 

1.  Henry  Rutgers, 

10. 

Ferrand  Stranahan, 

19.  David  Hammond, 

2.  John  Walvvorth, 

11. 

Jacob  Odell, 

20.  Win.  B.  Rochester, 

3.  Abel  Huntington, 

12. 

Henry  Wager, 

21.  Mark  Spencer, 

4.  Daniel  McDougall, 

13. 

Peter  Waring, 

22.  Charles  Thompson, 

5.  Edward  Severich, 

14. 

Elisha  Harnham, 

1:3.  Benjamin  Knower, 

6.  Seth  Wetmore, 

15. 

Edward  P.  Livingston, 

24.  Philetas  Swift, 

7.  Isaac  Lawrence, 

16. 

Jonathan  Collins, 

25.  Gilbert  Eddy, 

8.  Latham  A.  Burrows, 

17. 

Peter  Millikin, 

26.  James  Brisban, 

9.  John  Targee, 

18. 

Samuel  Nelson, 

27.  Hovvell  Gardner. 

NEW    JERSEY.. 

David  Mills, 

Samuel  L.  Southard. 

1.  John  Wilson, 

3. 

John  Crowell, 

5.  Aaron  Vansyckel, 

2.  Joseph  Budd, 

4. 

Isaiah  Shinn, 

6.  John  L.  Smith. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Thomas  Leiper, 

James  P.  Sanderson. 

1.  Paul  Cox, 

9. 

Andrew  Gilkerson, 

17.  D.  W.  Dingman, 

2.  William  Clingan, 

10. 

George  Plumer, 

18.  Hugh  Davis, 

3.  Daniel  Groves, 

11. 

John  Hamilton, 

19.  Gabriel  I  leister, 

4.  George  Garnitz, 

12. 

George  Hebb, 

20.  Patrick  Farelly, 

5.  Chandler  Price, 

13. 

James  Kerr, 

21.  JohnTodd, 

6.  James  Griffin, 

14. 

Andrew  Sutton, 

22.  Melchis    Rahm  (de 

7.  Pierce  Crosby, 

15. 

William  Mitchell, 

ceased), 

8.  John  Miley, 

16. 

Joseph  Huston, 

23.  Philip  Benner. 

DELAWARE. 

Peter  Robinson, 

Nicholas  Ridgely, 

1.  John  Clark, 

2. 

Andrew  Barratt. 

468 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


James  Forrest, 

1.  Robert  W.  Bowie, 

2.  John  Forward, 

3.  John  Stephen, 


William  C.  Holt, 

1.  Charles  H.  Graves, 

2.  Robert  Shields, 

3.  John  Pegram, 

4.  William  Jones, 

5.  R.  B.  Stark. 

6.  John  Taliaferro, 

7.  John  Purnall, 

8.  John  T.  Brook, 


Robert  Love, 

1.  Jesse  Franklin, 

2.  John  Hall, 

3.  Michael  McLeary, 

4.  Geoi'ge  Outlaw, 

5.  Francis  Locke, 

Benjamin  James, 

1.  L.  M.  Ayer, 

2.  Isaac  Smith, 

3.  John  S.  Glascock, 


Oliver  Porter, 

1.  Henry  Mitchell, 

2.  John  Rutherford, 


Samuel  Murrel, 

1.  E.  M.  Ewing, 

2.  Willis  A.  Lee, 

3.  S.  Caldwell, 

4.  James  Johnson. 

A.  M.  Carter, 

1.  J.  Hamilton,  Sr., 

2.  German  Lester, 

William  Shannon, 
1.  William  Christy. 

William  Moody, 

1.  Joshua  Wingate,  Jr., 

2.  Joshua  Gage, 

3.  Elisha  Allen, 

Jeremiah  Morrow, 

1.  William  H.  Harrison, 

2.  James  Kilbourne, 


Nathaniel  Ewing, 
1.  Daniel  J.  Caswell. 

James  B.  Moore, 
1.  Michael  Jones. 

John  Scott, 
1.  Henry  Minor. 

Duncan  Stewart, 
1.  Theodore  Stark. 


MARYLAND. 

4.  William  R.  Stuart, 

5.  A.  McKim, 

6.  John  Boon, 

VIRGINIA. 

9.  B.  T.  Arthur, 

10.  Hugh  Holmes, 

11.  William  C.  Rives, 

12.  W.  Armstrong,  Jr., 

13.  Charles  Yancey, 

14.  Archibald  Rutherford, 

15.  Joseph  Martin, 

16.  Archibald  Stuart, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

6.  C.  E.  Johnson, 

7.  Abraham  Philips, 

8.  Lewis  D.  Wilson, 

9.  Alexander  Gray, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA, 

4.  John  Dunovant, 

5.  Matthew  J.  Kirth, 

6.  Rasha  Cannon, 

GEORGIA. 

3.  John  Mclntosh, 

4.  John  Foster, 

KENTUCKY. 

5.  John  E.  King, 

6.  Jesse  Bledsoe, 

7.  John  Pope, 

TENNESSEE. 

3.  David  Campbell, 

4.  Henry  Small, 

MISSOURI. 


MAINE. 

4.  Josiah  Prescott, 

5.  William  Chadwick, 

OHIO. 

3.  Alexander  Campbell, 

4.  John  McLaughliu, 

INDIANA. 

ILLINOIS. 

ALABAMA. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


Elias  Brown. 

7.  William  Gabby, 

8.  Joshua  Pricleaux, 

9.  Michael  C.  Sprigg. 


Thomas  Brown. 

17.  W.  Breckenbrough, 

18.  Andrew  Russell, 

19.  Armistead  Hoomes, 

20.  Samuel  Blackburn, 

21.  James  Hunter, 

22.  John  Edie, 

23.  Robert  Taylor. 


Kinborough  Jones. 

10.  H.  J.  G.  Ruffin, 

11.  B.  H.  Covington, 

12.  Thomas  Kenan, 

13.  James  Mebane. 


Benjamin  Rynalds. 

7.  Benjamin  Dickson, 

8.  William  A.  Ball, 

9.  Charles  Miller. 


John  Graves. 

6.  David  Meriwether, 
6.  Benjamin  Whitaker. 

Martin  D.  Hardin. 

8.  Thomas  Bodley, 

9.  Richard  Taylor, 
10.  Hubbard  Taylor. 


John  Dickson. 

5.  John  J.  White. 


John  S.  Brickey. 


Lemuel  Trescott. 

6.  Levi  Hubbard, 

7.  Samuel  Tucker. 


James  Caldwell. 

5.  Robert  Lucas, 

6.  Lewis  Dille. 


John  H.  Thompson. 
A.  F.  Hubbard. 
George  Phillips. 
Daniel  Burnet. 


STATISTICAL    KECORDS. 


4G9 


Philemon  Thomas, 
1.  Daniel  L.  Todd. 


LOUISIANA. 


John  E.  Grymes. 


TENTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1825. 

John  Quincy  Adams,  Andrew  Jackson,  William  H.  Crawford,  and  Henry  Clay  were 
candidates,  and  the  Electoral  College  not  giving  either  of  them  the  requisite  majority 
(132  votes),  the  choice  again  devolved  upon  the  House  of  Representatives,  when  MR. 
ADAMS  was  elected.  Andrew  Jackson  received  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  New  Jersey, 
Pennsylvania,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Tennessee,  Indiana,  Mississippi,  and 
Alabama,  1  of  the  36  votes  of  New  York,  7  of  the  11  votes  of  Maryland,  3  of  the  5  votes 
of  Louisiana,  and  1  of  the  3  votes  of  Illinois.  John  Quiucy  Adams  received  the  entire 
vote  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  and  Connect 
icut,  and  26  of  the  36  votes  of  New  York,  1  of  the  3  votes  of  Delaware,  3  of  the  1 1  votes 
of  Maryland,  2  of  the  5  votes  of  Louisiana,  and  oue  of  the  3  votes  of  Illinois.  William 
H.  Crawford  received  the  entire  vote  of  Virginia  and  of  Georgia,  and  5  of  the  36  votes 
of  New  York,  2  of  the  3  votes  of  Delaware,  and  1  of  the  11  votes  of  Maryland.  Henry 
Clay  received  the  entire  vote  of  Kentucky,  Ohio,  and  Missouri,  and  4  of  the  36  votes 
of  New  York.  JOHN  C.  CALHOUN  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  182  votes; 
while  Nathan  Sanford  had  30  votes,  Nathaniel  Macon  24,  Andrew  Jackson  13,  Martin 
Van  Buren  9,  and  Henry  Clay  2.  The  Electors  were : — 


Josiah  Bartlett, 

1.  William  Badger, 

2.  Caleb  Reith, 


William  Gray, 

1.  Levi  Lincoln, 

2.  Enos  Foot, 

3.  T.  L.  Winthrop, 

4.  William  Walker, 

5.  N.  Silsbee, 


Caleb  Earle, 
1.  Stephen  B.  Cornell, 


Calvin  Willey, 

1.  Oliver  Wolcott, 

2.  John  Swathel, 


Jonas  Galusha, 

1.  Titus  Hutchinson, 

2.  Dan  Carpenter, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Samuel  Quarles, 

4.  Moses  White, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

6.  John  Endicot, 

7.  Joseph  Kittredge, 

8.  Thomas  Weston, 

9.  Augustus  Tower, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

2.  Charles  Eldridge. 

CONNECTICUT. 

3.  Rufus  Hitchcock, 

4.  Lemuel  White, 

VERMONT. 

3.  Joseph  Burr, 

4.  AsaAldis, 


Abel  Parker. 

5.  William  Fisk, 

6.  HallBurinu. 


Oliver  Smith. 

10.  Cornelius  Grinnell, 

11.  Jonathan  Davis, 

12.  Hezekiah  Barnard, 

13.  Edmund  Cashing. 


Elisha  Watson. 


Nathan  Thompson, 

1.  Darius  Bentley, 

2.  Thomas  Lawyer, 

3.  Micah  Brooks, 

4.  E.  B.  Crandale, 

5.  Pierre  A.  Barker, 

6.  Samuel  Hicks, 

7.  Joseph  Sibley, 

8.  Edward  Savage, 

9.  Timothy  H.  Porter, 

10.  Benjamin  Mooers, 

11.  Samuel  Russell, 

12.  Chester  Patterson, 


Peter  Wilson, 

1.  Daniel  Vliet, 

2.  James  Cook, 


NEW  YORK. 

13.  Marinus  Willett, 

14.  Phineas  Coon, 

15.  Ebenezer  Sage, 

16.  Azariah  Smith, 

17.  Richard  Blanvelt, 

18.  Eleazer  Burnham, 

19.  Abraham  Stagg, 

20.  Solomon  St.  John, 

21.  John  Drake, 

22.  Elisha  B.  Strong, 

23.  James  Drake, 


NEW  jERSEYi 

3.  Jacob  Cline, 

4.  James  Parker, 


David  Keys. 

5.  David  Hill, 
G.  Moses  Warren. 


John  Mason. 

5.  Jabez  Proctor. 


William  Townsend. 

24.  Clark  Crandall, 

25.  Isaac  Sutherland, 

26.  I.  Sutherland, 

27.  William  Walsh, 

28.  J.  Lansing,  Jr., 

29.  Alexander  J.  Coffin, 

30.  Benjamin  Bailey, 

31.  Benjamin  Smith, 

32.  Samuel  Smith, 

33.  Elisha  Dorr, 

34.  Hernan  Cady. 


John  Buck. 

5.  Joseph  Kille, 

6.  J.  W.  Scott. 


470 


STATISTICAL    KECOEDS. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

Thomas  Leiper, 

"William  Beatty. 

1. 

Cromwell  Pearce, 

10. 

Abraham  Acklams, 

19. 

Adam  King, 

2. 

Valentine  Giesey, 

11. 

Joseph  Engle, 

20. 

Philip  Benner, 

3. 

Philip  Peltz, 

12. 

Isaac  Smith, 

21. 

John  Rush, 

4. 

John  Reed, 

13. 

John  Pugh, 

22. 

Henry  Scheetz, 

5. 

A.  McCaraher, 

14. 

"William  Thomson, 

23. 

Peter  Adams, 

C. 

James  Duncan, 

15. 

Adam  Ritscher, 

24. 

Adam  Light, 

7. 

Daniel  Sheffer, 

16. 

Asa  Mann, 

25. 

James  Ankrim, 

8. 

John  Boyd, 

17. 

Charles  Kenny, 

.        26. 

James  Murray. 

9. 

Daniel  Raul, 

18. 

John  Fogel, 

DELAWARE. 

John  Caldwell, 

Isaac  Tunnell. 

1. 

Joseph  G.  Rowland. 

MARYLAND. 

Henry  Brawner, 

1.  John  C.  Herbert, 

2.  Thomas  Hope, 

3.  George  Winchester, 


William  C.  Holt. 

1.  Charles  H.  Graves, 

2.  Ellison  Currie, 

3.  John  Cargill, 

4.  Robert  Taylor, 

5.  W.  II.  Brodnax, 
C.  Isaac  Foster, 

7.  Joseph  Wyatt, 

8.  Daniel  Morgan, 


Montfort  Stokes, 

1.  Robert  Love, 

2.  William  A.  Blount, 

3.  Peter  Forney, 

4.  William  B.  Lockhart, 
6.  Vine  Allen, 

Robert  Clendineu, 

1.  John  K.  Griffen, 

2.  William  Garrett, 

3.  Angus  Patterson, 


Elias  Beall, 

1.  Thomas  Cumming, 

2.  John  Mclntosh, 

3.  John  Floyd, 

J.  R.  Underwood, 

1.  JohnE.  King, 

2.  Joseph  Allen, 

3.  Alney  McLean, 

4.  W.  Moore, 


John  Rhea, 

1.  T.  A.  Howard, 

2.  Joseph  Brown, 

3.  W.  E.  Anderson, 


W.  H.  Harrison, 

1.  W.  McFarland, 

2.  David  Sloane, 

3.  Thomas  Kirker, 

4.  Samuel  Coulter, 

5.  James  Heaton, 


4.  Samuel  G.  Osborn, 

5.  Dennis  Claude, 

6.  James  Sangston, 

VIRGINIA. 


William  Brown. 

7.  William  Tyler, 

8.  Littleton  Dennis, 

9.  Thomas  Post. 


9.  James  Jones, 

10.  William  Armstrong, 

11.  Charles  Yancey, 

12.  Archibald  Rutherford, 

13.  Joseph  Martin, 

14.  John  Bowyer, 

15.  Thomas  M.  Randolph, 


Robert  Shield, 

16.  James  Hoge, 

17.  W.  Brockenbrough, 

18.  Andrew  Russell, 

19.  John  T.  Somax, 

20.  Joseph  H.  Samuels, 

21.  William  Jones, 

22.  William  Marteny. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

•6.  Edward  B.  Dudley, 

7.  James  Mebane, 

8.  A.  H.  Shepperd, 

9.  John  Giles, 


William  Martin. 

10.  Walter  J.  Leake, 

11.  William  Drew, 

12.  John  M.  Morehead, 

13.  Josiah  Crudup. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Evan  Benbow, 

4.  Eldrid  Simkins,  7.  M.  J.  Keith, 

5.  Joseph  W.  Alston,  8.  Thomas  Benson, 

6.  William  C.  Pinckney,         9.  William  Laval. 


GEORGIA. 

4.  John  Rutherford, 

5.  John  Harden, 

KENTUCKY. 

5.  Young  Ewing, 

6.  Thomas  Bodley, 

7.  Benjamin  Lecher, 

8.  D.  Payne, 

TENNESSEE. 

4.  Joel  Pinson, 
6.  B.  C.  Stout, 
6.  William  Blout, 

OHIO. 

6.  S.  Kingsbury, 

7.  Heni'y  Brown, 

8.  Ebenezer  Merry, 

9.  E.  Buckingham, 
10.  James  Cooley, 


William  Matthews. 

6.  William  Terrell, 

7.  Warren  Jordan. 


Richard  Taylor. 

9.  James  Smiley, 

10.  J.  J.  Crittendeu, 

11.  Joshua  Fry, 

12.  H.  Taylor. 


William  A.  Sublett. 

7.  William  Mitchell, 

8.  Robert  H.  Dyer, 

9.  Samuel  Hogg. 


James  Caldwell. 

11.  William  Kendall, 

12.  James  Steele, 

13.  William  Skinner, 

14.  John  Bigger. 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


471 


William  Mott, 
1.  James  II.  Shepherd, 


David  Todd, 
1.  David  Musick. 


LOUISIANA. 
2.  S.  Heiriart, 

MISSOURI. 


John  B.  Planche. 

3.  Pierre  Lacoste. 


James  Logan. 


INDIANA. 

Elias  McNamee,  John  Carr. 

1.  David  Robb,  2.  Jonathan  McCarty,  3.  Samuel  Milroy. 


Thomas  Hinds, 
1.  James  Pattou. 


William  Harrison, 
1.  Henry  Eddy. 


Reuben  Safford, 
1.  Henry  Chambers, 


James  Campbell, 

1.  Thomas  Fillebrown, 

2.  James  Parker, 

3.  Nathaniel  Hobbs, 


MISSISSIPPI. 
ILLINOIS. 

ALABAMA. 
2.  John  Murphy, 

MAINE. 

.Lemuel  Trescott. 

4.  Benjamin  Chandler,  6.  Benjamin  Nourse, 

6.  Rev.  Joshua  Taylor,          7.  Stephen  Parsons. 


Bartlett  C.  Barry. 


Alexander  P.  Field. 


James  Hill. 

3.  William  Fleming. 


The  choice  between  Andrew  Jackson,  John  Quincy  Adams,  and  William  H.  Craw 
ford,  the  three  highest  on  the  list  of  those  voted  for  by  the  Electoral  College  for  Pres 
ident,  devolved  on  the  House  of  Representatives.  Twenty-four  members,  one  from 
each  State,  were  appointed  Tellers,  and  they  announced  as  the  result  of  the  first  ballot : 
For  John  Quincy  Adams  :  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Con 
necticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  Maryland,  Ohio,  Kentucky,  Illinois,  Missouri,  and 
Louisiana, — 13  States.  For  Andrew  Jackson  :  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  South  Caro 
lina,  Tennessee,  Alabama,  Mississippi,  and  Indiana, — 7  States.  For  William  H.  Craw 
ford  :  Delaware,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  and  Georgia, — 4  States.  The  Speaker  then 
declared  that  JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS,  having  received  a  majority  of  the  votes  of  all  the 
States,  was  duly  elected  President. 


ELEVENTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1829. 

ANDREW  JACKSON  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Penn 
sylvania,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
Ohio,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  and  Missouri,  1  of  the  9  votes 
of  Maine,  20  of  the  36  votes  of  New  York,  and  5  of  the  11  votes  of  Maryland,— 178  in 
all ;  John  Quincy  Adams  receiving  the  other  83  electoral  votes.  JOHN  C.  CALIIOUN 
•was  re-elected  Vice-President,  receiving  171  votes;  while  Richard  Rush  had  83  votes, 
and  William  Smith  7.  The  Electors  were  : — 


Thomas  Fillebrown, 

1.  Simeon  Nowell,  4. 

2.  Joseph  Southwick,  5. 

3.  Joseph  Prime, 


MAINE. 

Levi  Hubbard, 
James  C.  Churchill, 


Jonas  Galusha, 

1.  Ezra  Butler, 

2.  Josiah  Dana, 


George  Sullivan, 

1.  Samuel  Quarles,  3. 

2.  Thomas  Woolson,  4. 


VERMONT. 

John  Phelps, 
William  Jarvis. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Naham  Parker, 
Ezra  Bartlett, 


John  S.  Kimball. 

6.  John  Moore, 

7.  Ebeuezer  Farley. 


Asa  Aldts. 

5.  Apollos  Austin. 


William  Bixby. 

5.  Samuel  Sparhawk, 

6.  William  Lovejoy. 


472 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 
Thomas  L.  Winthrop, 

1.  Samuel  Lathrop,  C.  Samuel  Jones, 

2.  Eliel  Frost,  7.  Baily  Bartlett, 

3.  Jesse  Putnam,  8.  E.  H.  Robbins, 

4.  John  Gilbert,  9.  Nathan  Chandler, 

5.  Stephen  White, 


Caleb  Earle, 
1.  Stephen  B.  Cornell, 


Sylvester  Norton, 

1.  Rufus  Hitchcock, 

2.  Homer  Boardman, 


Moses  Rolph, 

1.  John  Garrison, 

2.  A.  D.  W.  Bruyn, 

3.  Benjamin  Bailey, 

4.  John  Lloyd, 

5.  John  Targee, 

(5.  Alexander  Coffin, 

7.  Gilbert  Coutant, 

8.  Gilbert  Eddy, 
0.  Jacob  Odell, 

10.  A.  Van  Vechten, 

11.  Morgan  Lewis, 

12.  E.  B.  Shearman, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

2.  Charles  Elbridge. 

CONNECTICUT. 

3.  Moses  "Warren, 

4.  George  Pratt, 

NEW  YORK. 

13.  Egbert  Jansen, 

14.  A.  Mclntyre, 

15.  John  E.  Russell, 

16.  Salmon  Childs, 

17.  Peter  Pine, 

18.  Peter  H.  Myers, 

19.  J.  C.  Yates, 

20.  James  Campbell, 

21.  Elkanah  Brush, 

22.  Jesse  Smith, 

23.  Rufus  Crane, 


Edmund  Gushing. 

10.  Oliver  Starkweather, 

11.  Jonathan  Davis, 

12.  Bradford  Dhnmick, 

13.  Seth  Sprague. 


Elisha  Watson. 


Roger  Taintor. 

5.  Charles  Hawley. 
G.  W.  R.  Kibbee. 


Asaph  Stow. 

24.  Augustus  Chapman, 

25.  Thomas  Blakeslee, 

26.  Benjamin  Cotton, 

27.  Freeborn  G.  Jevvett, 

28.  John  Beall, 

29.  William  Hildreth, 

30.  John  Taylor, 

'  31.  James  H.  Guernsey, 

32.  Charles  Dayan, 

33.  Shubal  Dunham, 

34.  Ebenezer  Walden. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  J.  J.  Ely. 

1.  A.  Learning,                         3.  A.  White,  5.  Gabriel  Hoff, 

2.  Abraham  Brown,                4.  T.  Elmer,  6.  C.  Zabriskie. 


John  B.  Gibson. 

1.  William  Findlay, 

2.  Leonard  Rupert, 

3.  Edward  King, 

4.  Jacob  Gearhart, 

5.  John  Lisle, 

6.  George  Barnitz, 

7.  Jacob  Holgate, 

8.  Jacob  Heyser, 

9.  Samuel  Humes,  Sr., 


James  Canby, 
1.  John  Adams. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


10.  John  Harper, 

11.  John  W.  Cunningham, 

12.  John  Scott, 

13.  George  G.  Leiper, 

14.  William  Piper, 

15.  Henry  Scheetz, 

16.  Valentine  Giesey, 

17.  Adam  Ritscher, 

18.  James  Gordon, 


William  Thompson. 

19.  David  Hottenstein, 

20.  John  M.  Snowden, 

21.  Peter  Frailey, 

22.  Robert  Scott, 

23.  Francis  Baird, 

24.  Henry  Allshouse, 

25.  Henry  Winters, 

26.  James  Duncan. 


DELAWARE. 


David  Hazard. 


MARYLAND. 
William  Fitzhugh,  Jr.,  Benjamin  F.  Forrest. 

1.  William  Tyler,  4.  Thomas  Emory,  7.  Elias  Brown, 

2.  James  Sewell,  5.  Benjamin  C.  Howard,        8.  Littleton  Dennis, 

3.  John  S.  Sellman,  6.  T.  R.  Lockerman,  9.  Henry  Brawner. 


William  C.  Holt, 

1.  Wm.  H.  McFarland, 

2.  Ellyson  Currie, 

3.  John  Cargill, 

4.  John  W.  Green, 

6.  Thomas  M.  Nelson, 

6.  John  Gibson, 

7.  Richard  Logan, 

8.  George  Rust, 


VIRGINIA. 


9.  James  Jones, 

10.  Jared  Williams, 

11.  William  Daniel, 

12.  Jacob  D.  Williamson, 

13.  Joseph  Martin, 

14.  John  Bowyer, 

15.  William  F.  Gordon, 


Robert  McCandish. 

16.  John  E.  George, 

17.  Wm.  Brockenbrough, 

18.  Andrew  Russell, 

19.  Garret  Minor, 

20.  Joel  Shrewsbury, 

21.  William  Jones, 

22.  John  McMillan. 


STATISTICAL    KECOEDS. 


Robert  Love, 
1.  Montfort  Stokes, 
2.  John  Hall, 
3.  Peter  Forney, 
4.  Joseph  J.  Williams, 
5.  John  Giles, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 
Josiah  Crudup. 
6.  Kedar  Ballard,                     10.  R.  D.  Spaight, 
7.  Abraham  Phillips,               .11.  Walter  F.  Leake, 
8.  Louis  D.  Wilson,   "            12.  E.  B.  Dudley, 
9.  John  M.  Morehead,            13.  (  Willie  P.  Mangum. 

Sanders  Glover, 

1.  David  II.  Evans, 

2.  John  McCorab, 

3.  John  Stewart, 


John  Rutherford, 

1.  Robert  R.  Reed, 

2.  John  Moore,* 

3.  David  Blackshear, 

Thomas  Miller, 
1.  Enoch  Parsons, 


Joseph  Dunbar, 
Wiley  P.  Harris. 

John  B.  Planche, 
Thomas  W.  Scott, 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  Arthur  P.  Hayne, 

5.  David  Sloan, 

6.  Greeu  B.  Colmi, 


William  Pope, 

7.  William  Johnston, 

8.  Henry  L.  Pinckney, 

9.  Wade  Hampton,  Jr. 


GEORGIA. 

William  Terrell. 

4.  Augustus  S.  Clayton,          6.  John  G.  MaxWell, 

5.  Soloumon  Graves,  7.  Oliver  Porter. 


John  Rhea, 
Samuel  Bunch, 
Alfred  Flournoy, 
Thomas  McCorry, 


ALABAMA. 

2.  Thomas  D.  Crabb, 
MISSISSIPPI. 


LOUISIANA. 
Placide  Bossier, 
TENNESSEE. 


Thomas  S.  Slaughter, 
Matthew  Lyon,  5. 

Benjamin  Chapeze,  0. 

Edmund  Watkins,  7. 

John  Younger,  8. 


Ethan  Allen  Brown, 
George  McCook,  6. 

John  McElvain,  7. 

William  Piatt,  8. 

Samuel  Herrick,  9. 

James  Shields,  10. 


Benjamin  V.  Beckes, 
Jesse  B.  Durham,  2. 


John  Taylor, 
Alexander  M.  Houston. 

John  Bull, 
Benjamin  O'Fallon. 


Joseph  Brown, 
Benjamin  C.  Stout, 
Willie  Blount, 

KENTUCKY. 

Nathan  Gaither, 
John  Sterrit, 
Tuustall  Quarles, 
Benjamin  Taylor, 

OHIO. 

George  Sharp, 
Henry  Barrington, 
Walter  M.  Blake, 
Thomas  Gillespie, 
Benjamin  Jones, 

INDIANA. 
William  Lowe, 
ILLINOIS. 


MISSOURI. 


John  A.  Elmore. 

3.  William  Y.  Higgins. 


William  Downing. 

Alexander  Mouton. 

3.  Trasimon  Landry. 


William  A.  Sublett. 

7.  Andrew  J.  Marchbanks, 

8.  Adam  R.  Alexander, 

9.  George  Elliott. 


Reuben  Munday. 

9.  Robert  J.  Ward, 

10.  Richard  French, 

11.  Tandy  Allen, 

12.  Thompson  Ward. 


Robert  Lucas. 

11.  Thomas  L.  Hamer, 

12.  William  Hayne, 

13.  Valentine  Keffer, 

14.  Hugh  McFall 


Ratliff  Boon. 

3.  Ross  Smiley. 


Richard  M.  Young. 
Augustus  Jones. 


TWELFTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1833. 

ANDREW  JACKSON  was  re-elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of 
Maine,  New  Hampshire,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  North  Caro 
lina,  Georgia,  Tennessee,  Ohio,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illlinois,  Alabama,  and 


*  John  Moore  declining  to  serve,  Seaton  Grantland  was  elected  by  the  Legislature. 


474 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


Missouri,  with  three  of  the  eight  votes  of  Maryland,—  219.  Henry  Clay,  of  Kentucky, 
received  the  entire  vote  of  Massachusetts,  Ehode  Island,  Connecticut,  Delaware,  and 
Kentucky,  with  five  of  the  eight  votes  of  Maryland, —  49 ;  John  Floyd  received  the  entire 
vote  of  South  Carolina, — 11 ;  and  William  Wirt  the  entire  vote  of  Vermont,—  7.  MAU- 
TIN  VAN  BUREN  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  189  votes ;  while  John  Sergeant 
had  49  votes,  William  Wilkins  had  30,  Henry  Lee  had  11,  and  Amos  Elmaker  had  7. 
The  Electors  were  :  — 

MAINE. 

Samuel  Moore. 

4.  Elias  Burgess,  7.  Rowland  H.  Bridgham, 

5.  Joseph  Sevvall,  8.  E.  Fletcher. 

6.  Joseph  Kelsey, 


Nathan  Cutler, 

1.  Isaac  Lane, 

2.  Silas  Barnard, 

3.  J.  C.  Churchill, 


Benjamin  Peirce, 

1.  Phineas  Parkhurst, 

2.  Joseph  Weeks, 


James  Tarbox, 

1.  Nathan  Leavenworth, 

2.  John  S.  Pettibone, 


Charles  Jackson, 

1.  Thomas  H.  Perkins, 

2.  James  Byers, 

3.  Gideon  Barstow, 

4.  Henry  Shaw, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Samuel  Collins, 

4.  Moses  White, 

VERMONT. 

3.  Ezra  Butler, 

4.  Augustus  Clarke, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

5.  Ebenezer  Moseley, 

6.  James  Richardson, 

7.  Nathan  Brooks, 

8.  Jotham  Lincoln, 


Samuel  Ward  King, 
1.  William  Peckhara,  2. 


Morris  Woodruff, 

1.  John  Baldwin,  3. 

2.  Chester  Smith,  4. 


Edward  P.  Livingston, 

1.  Nathaniel  Garron,  15. 

2.  Theophilus  S.  Morgan,  16. 

3.  Moses  Ralph, 

4.  David  Moulton, 

5.  Henry  Waring, 

6.  Ebenezer  Wood, 

7.  Gideon  Lee, 

8.  Peter  Collier, 

9.  John  Targee, 

10.  John  Hyde, 

11.  Preserved  Fish, 

12.  Thomas  Humphrey, 

13.  J.  W.  Hardenbrook, 

14.  Joseph  Reynolds, 


17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 
26. 
27. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 
Peleg  Wilbur. 

CONNECTICUT. 

Eli  Todd, 
Oliver  H.  King, 

NEW  YORK. 

Abraham  Miller, 
Darius  Beutley, 
William  Taber, 
Samuel  Payne, 
Samuel  Hunter, 
G.  Curtis, 
Peter  Crispell,  Jr., 
Seth  Thomas, 
William  Deitz, 
Jonas  Seely, 
Samuel  Anable, 
Oliver  Phelps, 
James  Woods, 

NEW  JERSEY. 


Daniel  Vliet, 

1.  Peter  J.  Terhune, 

2.  John  M.  Perrine, 


Samuel  McKean, 

1.  C.  Garber, 

2.  William  Swilland, 

3.  John  T.  Knight, 

4.  W.  Brindle, 

6.  William  Thomson, 

6.  Adam  Light, 

7.  Edward  King, 

8.  George  Barnitz, 

9.  B.  W.  Richards, 
10.  D.  Sheffer, 


3.  Joseph  Rogers, 

4.  James  Newell, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

11.  George  W.  Smick, 

12.  Frederick  Orwan, 

13.  John  Slaymaker, 

14.  George  McCullock, 

15.  Oliver  Alison, 

16.  John  Murray, 

17.  George  G.  Leiper, 

18.  David  Gilman, 

19.  Henry  Scheetz, 


John  Holbrook. 
5.  John  Taylor. 


Amos  Thompson. 

5.  William  Strong. 


E.  Mattoon. 

9.  Aaron  Tufts, 

10.  Cornelius  Grinnell, 

11.  Samuel  Lee, 

12.  Nyinphas  Marston. 

Nathaniel  S.  Rugglcs. 


John  D.  Reynolds. 

5.  Erastus  Sturges, 

6.  E.  Jackson,  jr. 


Amos  Buck. 

28.  Truman  Spencer, 

29.  John  N.  Quackenbush, 

30.  Abel  Baldwin, 

31.  Daniel  D.  Campbell, 

32.  James  Sutherland, 

33.  John  Gale, 

34.  Calvin  T.  Chamberlain, 

35.  Dudley  Farlin, 

36.  Orris  Crosby, 

37.  James  B.  Spencer, 

38.  M.  A.  Andrews, 

39.  John  S.  Veeder, 

40.  Asa  Clark,  Jr. 


Aaron  Vansyckel. 

5.  William  Munroe, 

6.  William  L.  Stiles. 


David  D.  Wagener. 

20.  David  Frazier, 

21.  Adam  Ritscher, 

22.  P.  Mulvany, 

23.  William  Addams, 

24.  J.  Patten, 

25.  John  Schall, 

26.  J.  Y.  Bauley, 

27.  J.  Rooker, 

28.  Wilson  Smith. 


STATISTICAL    RECOBDS. 


47* 


DELAWARE. 

George  Truitt,  C.  P.  Comegys. 

1.  H.  F.  Hall. 

MARYLAND. 

R.  H.  Goldsborough,  William  Price. 

1.  J.  S.  Smith,  3.  William  Trick,  5.  U.  S.  Heath, 


2.  William  B.  Tyler, 


George  Loyall, 

1.  John  Cargill, 

2.  John  Gibson, 

3.  James  Jones, 

4.  J.  Homer, 

5.  Thomas  M.  Nelson, 
0.  H.  L.  Opie, 

7.  Archibald  Austin, 


A.  W.  Venable, 

1.  Robert  Love, 

2.  I.  I.  Daniel, 

3.  George  L.  Davidson, 

4.  W.  B.  Lockhart, 

5.  Peregrine  Roberts, 

Robert  J.  Turnbull, 

1.  W.  Thompson,  Jr., 

2.  Samuel  Cherry, 

3.  William  Dubose, 


Beverly  Allen, 

1.  Elias  Beall, 

2.  Henry  Jackson, 

3.  David  Blackshear, 


4.  Albert  Constable, 
VIRGINIA.  ; 

8.  James  M.  Mason, 

9.  Richard  Logan, 

10.  John  McMillan, 

11.  Joseph  Martin, 

12.  J.  D.  Williamson, 

13.  William  Jones, 

14.  Charles  Beale, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

6.  F.  Ward, 

7.  Thomas  G.  Polk, 

8.  R.  D.  Spaight, 

9.  Thomas  Settle, 

SOUTH  CAEOUNA. 

4.  Thomas  Lyles. 

5.  W.  B.  Seabrook, 

6.  Thomas  Dugan, 

GEORGIA. 

4.  William  Terrell, 

5.  W.  B.  Bullock, 

6.  John  Whitehead, 

TENNESSEE. 


6.  John  L.  Steele. 


Samuel  Blackwell. 

15.  VT".  H.  Roane, 

16.  Thomas  Bland, 

17.  Samuel  Carr, 
,      18.  A.  Russell, 

19.  L.  T.  Dade, 

20.  Philip  N.  Nicholas, 

21.  A.  R.  Harwood. 


J.  O.  Watson. 

10.  Owen  Holmes, 

11.  J.  M.  Morehead, 

12.  Honry  Skinner, 

13.  Walter  F.  Leak. 


Elijah  Watson. 

7.  Benjamin  Dart, 

8.  Joseph  S.  Shelton, 

9.  Thomas  Evans. 


Henry  Holt. 

7.  John  Floyd, 

8.  Wilson  Williams, 

9.  Seaton  Grantland. 


M.  Aiken, 

Daniel  Bowman. 

1.  William  Snodgrass, 

6.  William  Pillow, 

10.  David  Feutress, 

2.  J.  G.  Bostick, 

7.  Joseph  McMillou, 

11.  John  Heara, 

3.  Jesse  Wallace, 

8.  Willie  Blount, 

12.  B.  Coleman, 

4.  Elliott  Hickman, 

9.  William  Stroud,  Sr., 

13.  George  Elliott. 

5.  W.  B.  A.  Ramsey, 

KENTUCKY. 

Joseph  Eve, 

Alney  McLeon. 

!.  Benjamin  Hardiu 

6.  William  Ousley, 

10.  D.  S.  Patton, 

2.  W.  K.  Wall, 

7.  Burr  Harrison, 

11  .  E.  M.  Evving, 

3.  M.  P.  Marshall, 

8.  Thomas  Chilton, 

12.  M.  Beatty, 

4.  J.  L.  Hickman, 

9.  John  I.  Marshalll, 

13.  Thompson  M.  Ewing. 

5.  M.  V.  Thompson, 

OHIO. 

Benjamin  Tappan, 

Joseph  J.  McDowell. 

1.  John  M.  Goodenow, 

8.  John  Chaney, 

14.  William  S.  Tracy, 

2.  Valentine  Keffer, 

9.  Alexander  McConnell 

,        15.  George  Marshall, 

3.  I.  D.  Morris, 

10.  George  Sharpe, 

16.  Jeremiah  McLane, 

4..  Isaac  Humphreys, 

11.  Michael  Moore, 

17.  Eli  Baldwin, 

5.  Mark  T.  Wills, 

12.  Fisher  A.  Blocksom, 

18.  H.  J.  Harman, 

6.  Alexander  Elliott, 

13.  John  Lavwell, 

19.  Jonathan  Cilley. 

7.  R.  D.  Forman. 

J.  B.  Planche, 
1.  Thomas  W.  Scott, 


George  Boon, 

1.  W.  Armstrong, 

2.  Alexander  J.  Burnett, 

3.  James  Blake, 


LOUISIANA. 
2.  W.  H.  Overton, 
INDIANA. 

4.  John  Ketchum, 

5.  Arthur  Patterson, 


Alexander  Mouton. 
3.  T.  Landry. 


M.  Crune. 

6.  Thomas  Givins, 

7.  N.  B.  Palmer. 


47G 


STATISTICAL    EECORDS. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

William  Dowsing,  Samuel  Hunter. 

1.  Wiley  P.  Harris,  2.  W.  W.  Cherry. 


James  Evans, 
1.  John  C.  Alexander, 


Henry  King, 

1.  John  J.  Winston, 

2.  William  P.  Gould, 


Joel  H.  Haden, 
1.  William  Blackey, 


Adams  Dunlap. 

3.  Abner  Flack. 


ILLINOIS. 

2.  Thomas  Ray, 

ALABAMA. 

William  Edmondson. 

3.  William  R.  Pickett,  5.  Theophilus  Toulmin. 

4.  George  Phillips, 


MISSOURI. 
2.  Henry  Shurlds. 


John  Hume. 


THIRTEENTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1837. 

MARTIN  VAN  BUUEN  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of 
Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia, 
North  Carolina,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Illinois,  Alabama,  Missouri,  Arkansas,  Michi 
gan,— 170.  William  H.  Harrison  received  the  entire  vote  of  Vermont,  New  Jersey, 
Delaware,  Maryland,  Kentucky,  Ohio,  and  Indiana, — 73 ;  Hugh  L.  White  the  vote  of 
Georgia  and  of  Tennessee, — 26;  Daniel  Webster,  the  vote  of  Massachusetts, — 14;  and 
W.  P.  Mangum,  the  vote  of  South  Carolina,— 11.  RICHARD  M.  JOHNSON  was  chosen 
Vice-President  by  the  Senate,  no  one  having  received  a  majority  of  the  electoral 
votes,  which  stood :  Richard  M.  Johnson,  147 ;  Francis  Granger,  77 ;  John  Tyler,  47, 
William  Smith,  23.  The  Electors  were  :  — 


Reuel  Williams, 

1.  Sheldon  Hobbs, 

2.  Joseph  Tobin, 

3.  Jonathan  Smith, 


Jonathan  Harvey, 

1.  Isaac  Waldron, 

2.  G.  Gilmore, 


Jabez  Proctor, 

1.  S.  Swift, 

2.  Titus  Hutchinson, 


Nathaniel  Silsbee, 

1.  E.  A.  Newton, 

2.  Leverett  Saltonstall, 

3.  Benjamin  Walker, 

4.  Isaac  C.  Bates, 


James  Fenner, 
1.  John  D'Wolf, 


Lorain  T.  Pease, 

1.  Alfred  Bassett, 

2.  Seth  P.  Beers, 


MAINE. 

4.  John  Hamblen, 

5.  Benjamin  Burgess, 

6.  William  Thompson. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Tristam  Shaw, 

4.  Ebenezer  Carlton, 

VERMONT. 

3.  David  Crawford, 

4.  W.  A.  Griswold, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

6.  Loammi  Baldwin, 
G.  Thomas  Longlay, 

7.  Samuel  Lee, 

8.  Bezabeel  Taft,  Jr., 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

2.  B.  B.  Thurston. 

CONNECTICUT. 

3.  Julius  Clark, 

4.  R.  P.  Williams, 


NEW  YORK. 
Cornelius  W.  Lawrence, 

1.  Jacob  Sutherland,  5.  Jacob  Crocheron, 

2.  Gideon  Ostrander,  6.  Jeremiah  Anderson, 

3.  Moses  Rolph,  7.  Stephen  Allen, 

4.  John  Targec,  8.  James  Hooker, 


Shepherd  Carey. 

7.  John  H.  Jarvis, 

8.  S.  S.  Heagan. 


Josiah  Russell. 

5.  Stephen  Gale. 


T.  Howe. 

5.  Edward  Lamb. 


Samuel  Appleton. 
9.  J.  G.  Kendall, 

10.  Howard  Lothrop, 

11.  Charles  W.  Morgan, 

12.  Charles  J.  Holmes. 


Henry  Bull. 


Luther  Warren. 

5.  Moses  Gregory, 

6.  Carlos  Chapman. 


John  Cox. 

9.  Nathaniel  P.  Hill, 

10.  Ichabod  Bartlett, 

11.  Jeremiah  Russell, 

12.  Augustus  C.  Welch, 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


477 


13.  Zaclock  Pratt, 

14.  Lyman  Strab ridge, 

15.  Lucas  Hoes, 

1G.  Wliitcombe  Phelps, 

17.  Henry  Koon, 

18.  David  Munro, 

19.  Peter  Wendell, 

20.  Daniel  Dickey, 

21.  Herman  Gausevoort, 

22.  Peleg  Slade, 


William  Stevens. 

1.  John  H.  Hall, 

2.  Joshua  Burr, 


23.  John  Gale, 

24.  Alanson  M.  Knapp, 

25.  Walcott  Tvrell, 
2G.  Jared  Willson, 

27.  David  C.  Judson, 

28.  Elisha  Doubleday, 

29.  Frederick  Lammons, 

30.  Joseph  Sibley, 

31.  Henry  Ellison, 


32.  Samuel  Benedict,  Jr., 

33.  Parker  Halleck, 

34.  Daniel  H.  Bissell, 

35.  George  F.  Falley, 

36.  Thomas  J.  Wheeler, 

37.  Orville  Hungerford, 

38.  Guy  H.  Goodrich, 

39.  Joshua  Babcock, 

40.  Hiram  Gardner. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  William  Brittan, 

4.  David  Beevis, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


James  Thompson, 

1. 

Robert  Patterson, 

11. 

Gardner  Furness, 

2. 

Thomas  C.  Miller, 

12. 

Asa  Mann, 

3. 

Thomas  D.  Grover, 

13. 

Oliver  Allison, 

4. 

William  Clark, 

14. 

William  R.  Smith, 

5. 

Joseph  Burden, 

15. 

Henry  Myers, 

G. 

John  Mitchell, 

16. 

S.  L.  Carpenter, 

7. 

John  Naglee, 

17. 

John  B.  Sterigere, 

8. 

Leonard  Rupert, 

18. 

Robert  Patterson, 

9. 

Samuel  Badger, 

19. 

Henry  Chapman, 

10. 

George  Kriner, 

DELAWARE. 

William  W.  Morris 

i 

1. 

H.  F.  Hall, 

MARYLAND. 

Elias  Brown, 

1. 

J.  B.  Ricaud, 

4. 

J.  M.  Coale, 

2. 

George  Howard, 

5. 

Anthony  Kimmel, 

3. 

William  Price, 

6. 

Robert  W.  Bowie, 

Allison  Ely. 

5.  Josiah  S.  Worth, 
C.  J.  Learning. 


Henry  Welsh. 

20.  Wallace  M.  Williams, 

21.  Jacob  Kern, 

22.  James  Power, 

23.  Jacob  Dillinger, 

24.  Robert  Orr, 

25.  Paul  Geiger, 

26.  John  Carothers, 

27.  Calvin  Blythe, 

28.  John  P.  Davis. 


William  Dunning. 


David  Hoffman. 

7.  T.  Burchenal, 

8.  Thomas  G.  Pratt. 


A.  Smith, 

1.  John  Cargill, 

2.  W.  Holladay, 

3.  James  Jones, 

4.  I.  Homer, 

5.  Wm.  R.  Baskerville, 

6.  II.  L.  Opie, 

7.  Archibald  Austin, 


Robert  Love, 

1.  George  Bower, 

2.  Nathaniel  Macon, 

3.  John  Wilson, 

4.  W.  B.  Lockhart, 
6.  A.  Henderson, 

John  Littlejohn, 

1.  Patrick  Noble, 

2.  Thomas  Dugan, 

3.  D.  J.  McCord, 


George  R.  Gilmer, 

1.  John  W.  Campbell, 

2.  Hovvell  Cobb, 

3.  Gibson  Clark, 


William  Smith, 

1.  John  McKinley, 

2.  John  S.  Huuter, 


VIRGINIA. 

8.  A.  S.  Baldwin, 

9.  Richard  Logan, 

10.  J.  D.  Williamson, 

11.  A.  Stuart, 

12.  D.  B.  Layne, 

13.  H.  Hurlgins, 

14.  A.  Bierne, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

6.  G.  C.  Marchant, 

7.  John  Hill, 

8.  L.  D.  Wilson, 

9.  John  Parker, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  B.  T.  Elmore, 

5.  Thomas  F.  Jones, 

6.  R.  H.  Goodwin, 

GEORGIA. 

4.  William  H.  Holt, 
6.  E.  Wimberly, 
6.  Ambrose  Baber, 

ALABAMA. 

3.  Thomas  D.  King, 

4.  William  R.  Hallett, 


Samuel  Carr. 

15.  A.  R.  Harwood, 

16.  James  Hoge, 

17.  John  Moncure, 

18.  John  Gibson, 

19.  W.  H.  Roane, 

20.  Samuel  L.  Hays, 

21.  John  Hindman. 


Josiah  O.  Watson. 

10.  W.  P.  Ferrand, 

11.  W.  A.  Morris, 

12.  Owen  Holmes, 

13.  A.  W.  Venable. 


Thomas  L.  Gourdin. 

7.  John  Frampton, 

8.  B.  K.  Hanegan, 

9.  John  Maxwell. 


Thomas  Stocks. 

7.  Thomas  Hamilton, 

8.  David  Merivvether, 

9.  C.  Hines. 


Robert  H.  Watkins. 

5.  William  R.  Pickett. 


478 


STATISTICAL    KECOEDS. 


TENNESSEE. 
Robert  J.  McKinney,  John  Gordon. 

1.  John  Nethei-land,  6.  T.  F.  Bradford,  10.  S.  D.  Frierson, 

2.  W.  E.  Anderson,  7.  James  A.  Whiteside,         11.  Hit-hard  Cheatham, 

3.  Alexander  E.  Smith,  8.  Neil  S.  Brown, 

4.  Andrew  J.  Hoover,  9.  Asa  Falkner, 

5.  James  Park, 


12.  L.  P.  Williamson, 

13.  William  W.  Lea. 


Burr  Harrison, 

1.  Henry  Daniel,  6. 

2.  William  K.  Wall,  7. 

3.  Philip  Triplett,  8. 

4.  Robert  Wicklitf,  9. 

5.  D.  S.  Patton, 


KENTUCKY. 

Thomas  Metcalf, 
E.  Rumsey, 
M.  P.  Marshall, 
Richard  A.  Buckner, 

OHIO. 


Thomas  P.  Wilson. 

10.  J.  F.  Ballinger, 

11.  C.  Tomkins, 

12.  Robert  P.  Letcher, 

13.  M.  Beaty. 


Benjamin  Ruggles, 

W.  C.  Kirker. 

1.  Joshua  Collett, 

8.  John  Codding, 

14.  John  P.  Coulter, 

2.  Ira  Belknap, 

9.  Isaiah  Morris, 

15.  Abels  Renuick, 

3.  George  P.  Torrence, 

10.  Jarcd  P.  Kir  Hand, 

16.  John  L.  Lacy, 

4.  Samuel  Elliott, 

11.  Alexander  Campbell, 

17.  Christian  King, 

5.  Andrew  McCleary, 

12.  D.  Hasbough, 

18.  Andrew  Donnelly, 

6.  Mordecai  Bartley, 

13.  William  Kendall, 

19.  Samuel  Newell. 

7.  Elijah  Huntiugton, 

MISSISSIPPI. 

Thomas  Hinds, 

R.  H.  Grant. 

1.  B.  W.  Edwards, 

2.  II.  G.  Runnels. 

LOUISIANA. 

J.  B.  Planche, 

Alexander  Mouton. 

1.  T.  U.  Scott, 

2.  P.  E.  Bossier, 

3.  T.  Laudry. 

INDIANA. 

John  C.  Clendenin, 

Archilles  Williams. 

1.  Hiram  Decker, 

4.  A.  L.  White, 

6.  M.  G.  Clark, 

2.  A.  W.  Morris, 

6.  Enoch  McCarty, 

7.  A.  P.  Andrews. 

3.  Milton  Stapp, 

MISSOURI. 

George  F.  Bellinger, 

William  Monroe. 

1.  John  Sappington, 

2.  A.  Bird. 

ARKANSAS. 

John  Miller, 
Joshua  Morrison. 

Daniel  LeRoy, 
David  C.  McKinstry. 


MICHIGAN. 

ILLINOIS. 
John  Pearson, 


A.  B.  Anthony. 
William  II.  Hoeg. 


Samuel  Hachleton. 

3.  John  D.  Whitesides. 


FOURTEENTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1841. 

WILLIAM  HENRY  HARRISON  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral 
vote  of  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  New 
Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  North  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Ten 
nessee,  Ohio,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  and  Michigan, — 234.  Martin  Van  Buren 
received  the  entire  vote  of  New  Hampshire,  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Illinois,  Ala 
bama,  Missouri,  and  Arkansas,— GO.  JOHN  TYLER  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving 
234  votes,  while  R.  M.  Johnson  had  48,  L.  W.  Tazewell  11,  and  James  K.  Polk  1.  The 
Electors  were  :— 

MAINE. 
Isaac  Ilsley,  Thomas  Fillebrown. 

1.  Isaac  Hodson,  4.  Benjamin  P.  Gilman,          7.  Charles  Trafton, 

2.  E.  Robinson,  5.  Rufus  K.  Goodeuow,          8.  Thomas  Robinson. 

3.  Samuel  Small,  6.  J.  Huse, 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


479 


Samuel  Burns, 

1.  John  Scott, 

2.  J.  W.  Weeks, 


Samuel  C.  Crafts, 

1.  Ezra  Mcech, 

2.  A.  B.  W.  Tenney, 


Isaac  C.  Bates, 

1.  Peleg  Sprague 

2.  Sidney  Willard, 

3.  Richard  Houghton, 

4.  Ira  M.  Barton, 


Nicholas  Brown, 
1.  George  Eugs, 


H.  Spencer, 

1.  James  Brewster, 

2.  P.  Pearl, 


James  Bnrt, 

1.  Abraham  ilose, 

2.  H.  Watson, 

3.  John  T.  Harrison, 

4.  G.  P.  Griffith, 

5.  John  L.  Lawrence, 
G.  A.  Mclntyre, 

7.  Joseph  Tucker, 

8.  E.  Stimson, 

9.  J.  P.  Phoenix, 

10.  Josiah  Hand, 

11.  Richard  S.  Williams, 

12.  K.  P.  Cool, 

13.  P.  Van  Cortlandt, 

14.  Jonathan  Wallace, 


Lewis  Condict, 
1.  C.  Stepton, 
2  Samuel  G.  Wright, 


J.  A.  Shulze, 

1.  J.  Ritner, 

2.  J.  K.  Zeilin, 

3.  L.  Pass  more, 

4.  Robert  Stimson, 

6.  J.  P.  Wetherell, 
G.  W.  S.  Hendrie, 

7.  Thomas  P.  Cope, 

8.  I.  J.  Ross, 

9.  P.  Gillinsham, 
10.  Peter  Filbert, 


Benjamin  Caulk, 
1.  Peter  J.  Causey. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

3.  Samuel  Hatch, 

4.  P.  Holbrook, 

VERMONT. 

3.  William  Henry, 

4.  William  P.  Brigg 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

5.  S.  C.  Phillips, 

6.  George  Grinnel,  Jr., 

7.  Samuel  Mixter, 

8.  Joseph  Tripp, 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

2.  William  Rhodes. 

CONNECTICUT. 

3.  A.  Larrabee, 

4.  P.  Bierce, 

NEW  YORK. 

15.  B.  White, 

16.  H.  P.  Voorhies, 

17.  N.  Dubois, 

18.  Thomas  Burch, 

19.  Peter  G.  Sharp, 

20.  P.  B.  Porter, 

21.  John  I.  Knox, 

22.  Albert  Crane, 

23.  Peter  Pratt, 

24.  Charles  Bradish, 

25.  E.  Merrick, 

26.  Gideon  Lee, 

27.  J.  Livingston, 


NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  James  Sliff, 

4.  Thomas  Newbold, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

11.  A.  Ellmaker, 

12.  William  Addams, 

13.  John  Harper, 

14.  B.  Connelly,  Jr., 

15.  William  Mcllvaiu, 

16.  Joseph  Markle, 

17.  J.  Dickson, 

18.  J.  G.  Fordyce, 

19.  J.  McKeehan, 


DELAWARE. 


S.  Perley. 

5.  Andrew  Paine,  Jr. 


John  Conaut. 

5.  Joseph  Reed. 


Rufus  Longley. 

9.  Thomas  French, 

10.  Jolm  B.  Thomas, 

11.  W.  Wood, 

12.  J.  Z.  Goodrich. 


W.  Weeden. 


Reuben  Booth. 
5.  J.  Greene, 
G.  J.  S.  Peters. 


Elisha  Jenkins. 

28.  Grattan  H.  Wheeler, 

29.  Isaac  Ogden, 

30.  William  Garbutt, 

31.  Samuel  Balcorn, 

32.  P.  L.  Tracey. 

33.  I.  I.  Speed,  Jr., 

34.  John  Wheeler, 

35.  D.  Hibbard, 

36.  PhiloOrton, 

37.  John  Williams, 

38.  H.  R.  Seymour, 

39.  B.  D.  Noxen, 

40.  Davis  Hurd. 


MARYLAND. 
David  Hoffman, 

1.  J.  L.  Keer,  4.  Richard  J.  Bowie, 

2.  George  Howard,  5.  Jacob  A.  Preston, 

3.  Theodore  R.  Lockerman,  G.  James  M.  Coale, 


John  Runk. 

5.  J.  M.  Ryerson, 

6.  Joshua  Townsend. 


A.  R.  Mcllvain. 

20.  T.  M.  T.  McKennan, 

21.  John  Reed, 

22.  H.  Denny, 

23.  A.  B.  Wilson, 

24.  Joseph  Buffington, 

25.  N.  Middleswarth, 

26.  Henry  Black, 

27.  George  Walker, 

28.  John  Dick. 


H.  P.  Hall. 


J.  P.  Kennedy. 

7.  W.  T.  Woolton, 

8.  Thomas  A.  Spence, 


480 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


A.  Smith, 

1.  J.  Cargill, 

2.  Archibald  Stuart, 

3.  James  Jones, 

4.  William  Tod, 

5.  William  II.  Baskeville, 

6.  A.  Brockenbrough, 

7.  Charles  Yancey, 


James  Welborn, 

1.  Charles  McDowell, 

2.  J.  B.  Kelly, 

3.  D.  Ramsour, 

4.  James  Mebane, 

5.  A.  liencher, 

John  Crawford, 

1.  J.  J.  Caldwell, 

2.  W.  H.  Cannon, 

3.  A.  Mazyck, 


George  E.  Gilmer, 

1.  D.  L.  Clinch, 

2.  W.  W.  Ezzard, 

3.  J.  W.  Campbell, 


Willam  K.  Hallett, 

1.  B.  M.  Lowe, 

2.  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick, 


S.  S.  Prentiss, 
1.  J.  J.  Stewart, 


E.  H.  Foster, 

1.  S.  Jarnagin, 

2.  J.  F.  Morford, 

3.  Thomas  D.  Arnold, 

4.  Thomas  L.  Bransford, 


VIRGINIA. 

8.  John  Gibson, 

9.  J.  B.  Halybirton, 

10.  J.  D.  Williamson, 

11.  J.  T.  Randolph, 

12.  William  Taylor. 

13.  W.  Holliday, 

14.  A.  C.  Chapman, 


Richard  Logan. 

15.  J.  Homer, 

16.  James  Hoge, 

17.  Richard  E.  Byrd, 

18.  William  Byers, 

19.  William  A.  Harris, 

20.  Benjamin  Brown, 

21.  John  Hurdman. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

D.  F.  Caldwell. 

6.  William  W.  Cherry,  10.  Joslah  Collins, 

7.  James  S.  Smith,  11.  William  L.  Long, 

8.  Thomas  F.  Jones,  12.  James  W.  Bryan, 

9.  Charles  Manly,  13.  Daniel  B.  Baker. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  J.  Buchanan, 

5.  H.  J.  Johnson, 

6.  F.  J.  Goodwyn, 

GEORGIA. 

4.  C.  B.  Strong, 

5.  Joel  Crawford, 

6.  E.  Wimberly, 


J.  L.  Jeter. 

7.  W.  McWillie, 

8.  J.  Jenkins, 

9.  John  L.  Ashe. 


A.  Miller. 

7.  Charles  Dougherty, 

8.  J.  Whitehead. 

9.  S.  Grantlaucl. 


ALABAMA. 

Joseph  P.  Frazier, 

3.  M.  F.  Rainey,  5.  J.  Murphy. 

4.  Benjamin  Reynolds, 


MISSISSIPPI. 

2.  Henry  Dickenson. 

TENNESSEE. 

6.  William  P.  Senter, 

6.  James  O.  Janes, 

7.  A.  A.  Anderson, 

8.  D.  W.  Dickenson, 

KENTUCKY. 


Thomas  J.  Word. 


Thomas  J.  Campbell. 
9.  J.  H.  Cahal, 

10.  G.  A.  Henry, 

11.  E.  J.  Shields, 

12.  George  W.  Gibbs. 


Richard  A.  Buckner, 

Charles  G.  Wintersmith. 

1.  James  T.  Morehead, 

6.  Daniel  Breck, 

10.  M.  P.  Marshall, 

2.  Thomas  W.  Riley, 

7.  James  W.  Irwin, 

11.  James  Harlau, 

3.  Robert  Patterson, 

8.  R.  II.  Menefee,  ' 

12.  A.  Beatty, 

4.  William  H.  Field, 

9.  B.  Y.  Ousley, 

13.  W.  W.  Southgate. 

5.  Iredell  Hart, 

OHIO. 

William  R.  Putnam, 

Reasin  Beall. 

1.  Alexander  Mayhew, 

8.  Aquila  Toland, 

14.  John  Carey, 

2.  Henry  Harter, 

9.  Perley  B.  Johnson, 

15.  David  King, 

3.  A.  Spafl'ord, 

10.  John  Dukes, 

16.  Storm  Rosa, 

4.  Joshua  Collett, 

11.  Otho  Brashear, 

17.  John  Beatty, 

5.  Abram  Miley, 

12.  James  Raquet, 

18.  John  Augustine, 

6.  Samuel  F.  Vinton, 

13.  C.  S.  Miller, 

19.  John  Jameson. 

7.  John  I.  Vanmeter, 

, 

INDIANA. 

J.  McCarty, 

Joseph  G.  Marshall. 

1.  J.  W.  Payne, 

4.  James  H.  Cravens, 

6.  William  Herod, 

2.  Joseph  L.  White, 

5.  Caleb  B.  Smith, 

7.  Samuel  C.  Sample. 

3.  Richard  W.  Thompson, 

ILLINOIS. 

A.  W.  Snyder, 

J.  A.  McClernand. 

1.  Isaac  P.  Walker, 

2.  James  H.  Ralston, 

3.  I.  W.  Eldridge. 

STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


481 


MICHIGAN. 

Thomas  J.  Drake,  H.  G.  Wells. 

1.  J.  Vau  Fossen. 

LOUISIANA. 

William  De  Buys,  Jacques  Dupre. 

1.  J.  Birnard,  2.  S.  Lewis,  3.  L.  Barras. 


A.  Byrd, 
1.  E.  Dobyns, 


John  McClellen, 
1.  John  Miller. 


MISSOURI. 

2.  W.  G.  Meriwether. 
ARKANSAS. 


James  Holman. 


Samuel  M.  Kutherford. 


FIFTEENTH  PKESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1845. 

JAMES  K.  POLK  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Maine, 
New  Hampshire,  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Georgia,  Louis 
iana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  Missouri,  Arkansas,  and  Michigan,  —  170. 
Henry  Clay  received  the  vote  of  Ehode  Island,  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  Vermont, 
New  Jersey,  Delaware,  Maryland,  North  Carolina,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  and  Ohio, — 
105.  GEORGE  M.  DALLAS  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  170  votes,  while  T. 
Frelinghuysen  had  105.  The  Electors  were : — 


James  W.  Bradbury, 

1.  John  Stickney,  4. 

2.  Ichabod  Jordan,  6. 

3.  Alfred  Pierce, 

William  Badger, 

1.  John  McNeil,  3. 

2.  E.  Sawyer, 

Abbott  Lawrence, 

1.  Lewis  Strong,  5. 

2.  Charles  Allen,  6. 

3.  N.  Appleton,  7. 

4.  W.  B.  Calhoun, 


MAINE. 

Levi  Morrill, 
J.  A.  Lowell, 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
E.  E.  Currier, 
MASSACHUSETTS. 

J.  P.  Allen, 
C.  B.  Eising, 
Homer  Bartlett, 


John  Foster. 

6.  Thomas  Bartlett, 

7.  Nathaniel  Eobinson. 


Isaac  Hale.   • 

4.  J.  L.  Putnam. 


A.  E.  Thompson. 

8.  Elijah  Vose, 

9.  W.  Baylies, 
10.  Seth  Crowell. 


Benjamin  Weaver, 
1.  Stephen  Steere, 


Clark  Bissell, 

1.  Charles  W.  Eockwell, 

2.  Joseph  L.  Gladding, 


J.  H.  Harris, 

1.  John  Pick, 

2.  Benjamin  Swift, 


2. 


3. 


EHODE  ISLAND. 

John  Greene. 
N.  F.  Dixon  (the  elder). 


CONNECTICUT. 
S.  A.  Foote, 


VERMONT. 
3.  C.  Townsley, 

NEW  YORK. 


Benjamin  F.  Butler,                                          John  1 

1.  Daniel  S.  Dickenson, 

13.  J.  J.  Cocldington, 

24. 

2.  Clemence  Whitaker, 

14.  Daniel  Dana, 

25. 

3.  Hugh  Halsey, 

15.  Daniel  Johnson, 

26. 

4.  A.  Doane, 

16.  John  Gillett, 

27. 

6.  H.  Thompson, 

17.  J.  Crawford, 

28. 

6.  Thomas  H.  Hubbard, 

18.  J.  E.  Bogardus, 

29. 

7.  George  Douglass, 

19.  William  Murrey, 

30. 

8.  L.  Pettengill, 

20.  J.  Boynton, 

31. 

9.  Neil  Cray, 

21.  Jacobus  Hoerolnburgh, 

32. 

10.  William  Mason, 

22.  E.  Johnson, 

33. 

11.  W.  S.  Havemayer, 

23.  J.  L.  Hogeboom, 

34. 

12.  H.  Potts, 

31 

N.  O.  Kellogg. 

4.  Truman  Smith. 


C.  Coolidge. 

4.  E.  Fairbanks. 


Nellis. 

.  John  Lapham, 
N.  M.  Martin, 
J.  D.  Higgins, 

.  J.  K.  Page, 
E.  H.  Shankland, 
John  Savage, 
J.  Hascall,  Jr., 
William  Hedding, 
Eufus  H.  Smith, 
John  Fay, 
A.  Hogeboom. 


482 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


J.  B.  Aycrigg, 

1.  Charles  Reeves, 

2.  E.  Y.  Rogers, 


NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  E.  Q.  Keasbeg, 

4.  James  Stewart, 


Wilson  McCandless, 

1.  Asa  Dimock,  9. 

2.  N.  W.  Sample,  10. 

3.  G.  F.  Lehman,  11. 

4.  William  Heidenrich,  12. 

5.  Christian  Kneass,  13. 
G.  Conrad  Shimer,  14. 

7.  William  H.  Smith,  15. 

8.  Stephen  Baldy,  16. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

John  Hill, 
I.  Brewster, 
Samuel  E.  Leech, 
George  Schnable, 
Samuel  Camp, 
N.  B.  Eldred, 
William  N.  Irvine, 
John  Matthews, 


John  Emly. 

6.  A.  Godwin. 


Jesse  Sharp. 

17.  James  Woodburn, 

18.  William  Patterson, 

19.  Hugh  Montgomery, 

20.  A.  Burke, 

21.  Isaac  Ankeny, 

22.  John  M.  Gill, 

23.  C.  Meyers, 

24.  Robert  Orr. 


DELAWARE. 

Alfred  Dupont,  Thomas  Davis. 

1.  Enoch  Spruance. 

MARYLAND. 
William  M.  Gaither,  William  Price. 

1.  James  B.  Ricaud,  3.  Thomas  S.  Alexander,       5.  H.  E.  Wright, 

2.  C.  K.  Stewart,  4.  A.  W.  Bradford,  6.  Samuel  Hambleton. 


John  S.  Millson, 

1.  Thomas  Wallace, 

2.  Richard  Coke,  Jr., 

3.  R.  H.  Baptiste, 

4.  H.  Bedinger, 

5.  William  Daniel, 


VIRGINIA. 

6.  G.  B.  Samuels, 

7.  A.  Stuart, 

8.  James  Hoge, 

9.  Thomas  J.  Randolph, 
10.  H.  S.  Kane, 


W.  H.  Roane. 

11.  William  Smith, 

12.  R.  A.  Thompson, 

13.  William  P.  Taylor, 

14.  Joseph  Johnson, 

15.  William  S.  Morgan. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 
William  W.  Cheny,  Josiah  Collins. 

1.  R.  B.  Gilliam,  4.  M.  Q.  Waddell,  7.  James  W.  Osborne, 

2.  W.  H.  Washington,  5.  John  Kern,  8.  J.  Horton, 

3.  D.  B.  Baker,  6.  A.  H.  Shepard,  9.  John  Baxter. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


F.  H.  Elmore, 

1.  J.  D.  Wetherspoou,  4.  T.  B.  Skipper, 

2.  H.  C.  Young,  5.  L.  Boozer, 

3.  F.  W.  Huey. 

GEORGIA. 

Charles  J.  McDonald, 
1.  B.  Graves,  4.  Charles  Murphy, 


F.  W.  Pickens. 

6.  William  Cairn, 

7.  R.  De  Treville. 


2.  H.  V.  Johnson, 

3.  R.  M.  Charlton, 


P.  Triplett, 

1.  B.  M.  Crenshaw, 

2.  W.  W  Southgate, 

3.  Benjamin  Hardin, 

4.  W.  R.  Grigsby, 

Thomas  Corwin, 

1.  Bellamy  Storer,    - 

2.  Samson  Mason, 

3.  W.  Bebb, 

4.  D.  J.  Cory, 

5.  A.  Harlan, 

6.  J.  Scott, 

7.  R.  W.  Clark, 


John  Bell, 

1.  G.  A.  Henry, 

2.  J.  H.  Crozier, 

3.  J.  A.  R.  Nelson, 

4.  D.  L.  Barriuger, 


5.  William  F.  Saudford, 

6.  George  W.  Towers, 

KENTUCKY. 

5.  I.  K.  Underwood, 

6.  W.  J.  Gram, 

7.  R.  A.  Patterson, 

OHIO. 

8.  David  Adams, 

9.  Joseph  Olds, 

10.  D.  S.  Norton, 

11.  W.  W.  Conklin, 

12.  James  K.  Holcombe, 

13.  H.  Chapin, 

14.  J.  Crooks, 


Alfred  Iverson. 

7.  William  B.  Wofford, 

8.  Eli  H.  Baxter. 


Greene  Adams. 

8.  Leslie  Coombs, 

9.  John  Kincard, 
10.  L.  W.  Andrews. 


Peter  Hitchcock. 

15.  T.  W.  Bostwick, 

16.  W.  R.  Sapp, 

17.  J.  W.  Gill, 

18.  Cyrus  Spink, 

19.  J.  H.  Baldwin, 

20.  W.  S.  Perkins, 

21.  John  Fuller. 


TENNESSEE. 

Robert  L.  Caruthers. 

5.  R.  H.  Hynds,  9.  H.  L.  Bransford, 

6.  N.  S.  Brown,  10.  William  T.  Haskell, 

7.  Thomas  R.  Jennings,       11.  Robertson  Topp. 

8.  J.  D.  Tyler, 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


483 


G.  Leonard, 

1.  T.  Landry, 

2.  T.  W.  Scott, 


A.  Fox, 

1.  J.  W.  Matthews, 

2.  Jos.  Bell, 


James  G.  Heed, 

1.  William  A.  Bowles, 

2.  Elijah  Newland, 

3.  J.  M.  Johnston, 

4.  Samuel  E.  Perkins, 


A.  W.  Cavarly, 

1.  J.  D.  Wood, 

2.  John  Dement, 

3.  Willis  Allen, 


Lewis  Beaufait, 
1.  P.  S.  Paulding, 


E.  B.  Wathall, 

1.  W.  R.  Hallett, 

2.  Dixon  Hall, 

3.  Thomas  S.  Mays, 

W.  W.  Izard, 
1.  W.  S.  Oldham. 

James  S.  Green, 

1.  W.  P.  Hall, 

2.  William  Shields, 


LOUISIANA. 
3.  A.  E.  Mouton, 

MISSISSIPPI. 

3.  H.  S.  Foote, 

INDIANA. 

5.  William  W.  Wick, 

6.  P.  C.  Dunning, 

7.  Austin  M.  Puett, 

ILLINOIS. 

4.  Isaac  N.  Arnold, 
6.  A.  C.  French, 

MICHIGAN. 

2.  Charles  P.  Bush, 

ALABAMA. 

4.  J.  J.  Winston, 
6.  J.  A.  Nooe, 

ARKANSAS. 

MISSOURI. 

3.  W.  C.  Jones, 

4.  Franklin  Cannon, 


J.  B.  PlanchS. 

4.  S.  W.  Downes. 


R.  H.  Boone. 

4.  Jefferson  Davis.. 


G.  N.  Fitch. 

8.  H.  W.  Ellsworth, 

9.  Charles  W.  Cathcart, 
10.  John  Gilbert. 


William  A.  Richardson. 

6.  John  Calhoun. 

7.  Norman  H.  Purple. 


George  Redflelcl. 

3.  Samuel  Axford. 


Daniel  Hubbard. 

6.  Jeremiah  Clemens, 

7.  William  B.  Martin. 


Solon  Borland. 


William  A.  Hall. 

5.  William  L.  Sublette. 


SIXTEENTH  PRESIDENTIAL    ELECTION— 1849. 

ZACHARY  TAYLOR  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  Mas 
sachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylva 
nia,  Delaware,  Maryland,  North  Carolina,  Georgia,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Louisiana, 
and  Florida, — 1G3  votes.  Lewis  Cass  received  the  entire  vote  of  Maine,  New  Hamp 
shire,  Virginia,  South  Carolina,  Ohio,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  Mis 
souri,  Arkansas,  Michigan,  Texas,  Iowa,  and  Wisconsin, — 127  votes.  MILLARD  FILL- 
MORE  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  163  votes ;  while  William  O.Butler  received 
127.  The  Electors  were  : — 

MAINE. 


Rufus  Mclntire, 

1.  H.  J.  Anderson, 

2.  A.  Wiswell, 

3.  O.  L.  Sanborn, 


Samuel  Tilton, 

1.  Joseph  H.  Smith, 

2.  J.  Eastman, 


Levi  Lincoln, 

1.  F.  D wight, 

2.  D.  Adams, 

3.  Albert  Fearing, 

4.  Isaac  Livermore, 


4.  A.  Masters, 

5.  E.  L.  Osgood, 


Thomas  D.  Robinson. 

6.  Asa  Clark, 

7.  D.  R.  Straw. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
3.  R.  H.  Ayer, 


Jesse  Bowers. 

4.  Simeon  Warner. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

5.  B.  F.  Thomas, 

6.  M.  Lawrence, 

7.  A.  Howland, 


David  Pingree. 

8.  H.  A.  S.  Dearborn, 

9.  William  Baylies, 
10.  William  K.  Easton. 


484 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


William  Sprague, 
1.  J.  T.  Ehodes, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


2.  E.  Babcock. 


CONNECTICUT. 
Thomas  S.  Williams, 

1.  Solomon  Olmsted,  3.  John  McClellan, 

2.  E.  Jackson, 


1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5 

0. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10, 
11. 
12. 


Erastus  Fairbanks, 
George  T.  Pledges,  3. 

A.  Tracy, 


II.  II.  Ross, 
A.  T.  Rose, 
George  Benson, 
J.  M.  Cross, 
J.  C.  Cruger, 
D.  Lord, 
T.  D.  Bull, 
Jo.  Hoxie, 
J.  S.  Smith. 
J.  Whittemore, 
Robert  Dorian, 
J.  Seymour, 
C.  F.  Crosby, 


John  Runk, 

1.  J.  Brick, 

2.  Robert  V.  Armstrong, 


VERMONT. 

A.  L.  Catlin, 

NEW  YORK. 

J.  McKie, 

B.  J.  Clark, 
S.  Freeman, 
J.  A.  Collier, 
I.  C.  Duff, 

J.  Bradley, 
William  B.  Welles, 
Daniel  Larkin, 
Charles  R.  Barstow, 
O.  Poole, 
D.  Kellogg, 

NEW  JERSEY. 


3.  Charles  Burroughs, 

4.  C.  Howell, 


13. 
14. 

15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 
Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan, 
1.  John  P.  Sanderson,  9.  Thomas  W.  Duffleld, 

10.  William  Mcllvaine, 

11.  J.  Duugan, 

12.  Charles  W.  Fisher, 

13.  Daniel  E.  Hitner, 


2.  W.  G.  Hurly, 

3.  J.  G.  Clarkson, 

4.  Francis  Tyler, 

5.  J.  P.  Wetherill, 

6.  H.  Johnson, 

7.  J.  M.  Davis, 

8.  William  Calder, 


P.  Reybold, 
1.  G.  H.  Wright. 

W.  L.  Gaither, 

1.  Joseph  S.  Cottman, 

2.  J.  P.  Roman, 


J.  S.  Millson, 

1.  F.  E.  Rives, 

2.  Henry  A.  Wise, 

3.  H.  L.  Hopkins, 

4.  Thomas  Sloane, 

5.  W.  P.  Bocock, 


Kenneth  Rayner, 

1.  Edward  Stanley, 

2.  W.  A.  Washington, 

3.  George  Davis, 


14.  A.  G.  Curtin, 

15.  J.  D.  Steele, 

16.  Thomas  R.  Davidson, 

DELAWARE. 


MARYLAND. 

3.  J.  M.  S.  Causin, 

4.  J.  M.  Starris, 

VIRGINIA. 

6.  G.  B.  Samuels, 

7.  W.  M.  Tredvvay, 

8.  John  Letcher, 

9.  S.  F.  Leake, 
10.  John  B.  Floyd, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  J.  Winslovv, 

5.  John  Kerr, 

6.  Ravvley  Galloway, 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
Benjamin  F.  Perry, 

1 .  Thomas  Lehre,  4.  W.  J.  Hanna, 

2.  J.  L.  Manning,  5.  N.  R.  Eaves, 

3.  P.  C.  Caldvvell, 


George  G.  King. 


Thomas  W.  Williams. 
4.  J.  B.  Ferris. 


Timothy  Follett, 
4.  E.  Cleveland. 


George  Griswold. 

24.  B.  F.  Harwood, 

25.  S.  Francher, 

26.  J.  Davenport, 

27.  E.  Sheldon, 

28.  D.  E.  Sill, 

29.  M.  Butterfleld, 

30.  William  Kelchum, 

31.  E.  D.  Smith, 

32.  O.  P.  Haskell, 

33.  AsaChatfleld, 

34.  Solomon  Parmalee. 


Isaac  V.  Brown. 

5.  Peter  I.  Ackerman. 


Charles  Snyder. 

17.  I.  Landes, 

18.  Joseph  Markle, 

19.  Joseph  Schomacher, 

20.  David  Agnew, 

21.  A.  M.  Loomis, 

22.  Thomas  H.  Sill, 

23.  Richard  Irwin, 

24.  Samuel  A.  Purviance. 


Samuel  Cotts. 


A.  G.  Ege. 

6.  B.  C.  Wicker, 
6.  J.  C.  Derickson. 


R.  G.  Scott. 

11.  J.  S.  Barbour,  Sr., 

12.  A.  G.  Pendleton, 

13.  H.  A.  Washington, 

14.  Samuel  L.  Haynes. 

15.  O.  W.  Largeflt. 


H.  W.  Miller. 

7.  Jas.  W.  Osborne, 

8.  Tod  R.  Caldwell, 

9.  John  Baxton. 


Alexander  Ervins. 

6.  J.  B.  Campbell, 

7.  Benjamin  G.  Allston. 


STATISTICAL    BECOBDS. 


485 


William  Terrell, 

1.  H.  W.  Sharpe, 

2.  W.  Aiken, 

3.  William  H.  Crawford, 


A.  Dixon, 

1.  L.  Lindsay, 

2.  J.  L.  Johnson, 

3.  F.  E.  McLean, 

4.  William  Chenault, 


James  C.  Jones, 

1.  T.  A.  R.  Nelson, 

2.  A.  G.  Watkins, 

3.  R.  B.  Brabson, 

4.  John  L.  Goodall, 


L.  Byington, 

1.  J.  Sniden, 

2.  George  Kesling, 

3.  J.  Kinney, 

4.  G.  Volney  Dorsey, 

5.  C.  M.  Godfrey, 
G.  S.  Diffenderfer, 
7.  S.  M.  Littell, 


GEORGIA. 

4.  Ashbury  Hull, 
6.  A.  W.  Redding, 
6.  Y.  P.  King, 

KENTUCKY. 

6.  T.  W.  Lisle, 

6.  M.  D.  McHenry, 

7.  B.  R.  Young, 


TENNESSEE. 

5.  William  Kercheval, 

6.  S.  E.  Rose, 

7.  J.  S.  Brien, 

8.  William  Cullom, 

OHIO. 

8.  D.  T.  Swinney, 

9.  Lewis  Anderson, 

10.  John  Lidey, 

11.  William  Lawrence, 

12.  William  J.  Fry, 

13.  Joseph  Burns, 

14.  W.  McDonald, 


Jacques  Joutant, 
1.  M.  J.  Garcia, 
2.  C.  Adams,  Jr., 

J.  A.  Quitman, 
1.  D.  B.  Wright, 
2.  J.  A.  Ventress, 

Robert  Dale  Owen, 
1.  N.  Albertson, 
2.  C.  L.  Dunham, 
3.  William  M.  McCarty, 
4.  Charles  H.  Test, 

LOUISIANA. 
3.  John  Moore, 
MISSISSIPPI. 
3.  William  McWillie, 
INDIANA. 

5.  James  Ritchey, 
6.  George  W.  Carr, 
7.  I.  M.  Hanna, 

I.  Manning, 

1.  M.  Sweney, 

2.  C.  Lansing, 

3.  William  Martin, 


John  A.  Winston, 

1.  J.  E.  Saunders, 

2.  Lewis  M.  Stone, 

3.  Francis  S.  Lyon, 

J.  C.  Welborn, 

1.  Abraham  McKinney, 

2.  B.  T.  Massey, 


John  Martin, 
1.  James  Yell. 


ILLINOIS. 

4.  H.  W.  Vandervier, 

5.  S.  S.  Hayes, 


ALABAMA. 

4.  James  Armstrong, 
6.  J.  J.  Seibels, 

MISSOURI. 

3.  E.  B.  Ewing, 

4.  James  H.  Rolfe, 

ARKANSAS. 


Seaton  Grantlaud. 

7.  William  Moseley, 

8.  George  Stapleton. 


M.  V.  Thomson. 

8.  Leslie  Coombs, 

9.  A.  Trumbo, 

10.  W.  C.  Marshall. 


John  Netherland. 
9.  A.  Goodrich, 

10.  G.  D.  Searcy, 

11.  C.  H.  Williams. 


Samuel  Starkweather. 

15.  D.  A.  Starkweather, 

16.  J.  B.  Butler, 

17.  H.  B.  Payne, 

18.  A.  Ives, 

19.  John  Caldwell, 

20.  John  Glover, 

21.  Van  S.  Murphy. 


J.  P.  Benjamin. 

4.  J.  G.  Campbell. 


J.  W.  Chalmers. 

4.  G.  W.  L.  Smith. 


E.  M.  Chamberlain. 

8.  Daniel  Mace, 

9.  G.  N.  Fitch, 
10.  A.  J.  Harlan. 


Ferris  Foreman. 

6.  M.  E.  Hollister, 

7.  W.  L.  Furgerson. 


Columbus  W.  Lee. 

6.  C.  C.  Clay,  Jr., 

7.  James  F.  Dowdell. 


G.  D.  Hall. 

5.  TristamPolk. 


John  S.  Krane. 


John  S.  Barry, 
1.  Rix  Robinson, 


MICHIGAN. 
2.  H.  C.  Thurber, 


L.  M.  Mason. 

3.  William  T.  Howell. 


48G 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


TLORIDA. 
Jackson  Morton, 
1.  J.  H.  Mclatosh. 

TEXAS. 

James  B.  Miller, 
1.  William  C.  Young,  2.  M.  A.  Dooley. 

IOWA. 

A.  C.  Dodge, 
1.  Joseph  Williams,  2.  Lincoln  Clark. 

WISCONSIN. 
F.  Huebschmann, 
1.  William  Dinwiddie,          2.  D.  P.  Mapes. 


Samuel  Spencer. 
T.  G.  Brooks. 

J.  S.  Selman. 
Samuel  F.  Nicholas. 


SEVENTEENTH   PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1853. 

FRANKLIN  PIERCE  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of 
Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Ehode  Island,  Connecticut,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsyl- 
Arania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia, 
Florida,  Alabama,  Mississippi,  Louisiana,  Texas,  Arkansas,  Ohio,  Michigan,  Indiana, 
Illinois,  Missouri,  Iowa,  Wisconsin,  and  California, — 254.  Wiufleld  Scott  received  the 
vote  of  Vermont,  Massachusetts,  Tennessee,  and  Kentucky, — 42.  WILLIAM  R.  KINO 
was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  254  votes ;  while  William  A.  Graham  had  42.  The 
Electors  were  :  — 


R.  Mclutire, 

1.  G.  F.  Shepley, 

2.  R.  Lowell, 


•     H.  Hubbard, 
1.  J.  A.  Douglass, 


Portus  Baxter, 
1.  E.  P.  Walton, 


R.  C.  Winthrop, 

1.  George  Bliss, 

2.  J.  Gardner, 

3.  R.  G.  Shaw, 

4.  George  Coggswell, 


George  Turner, 
1.  A.  Eddy, 


MAINE. 

3.  J.  II.  Fuller, 

4.  O.  Moses, 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
2.  S.  Webster, 

VERMONT. 
2.  E.  Kirkland, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

5.  E.  Torrey, 

6.  George  A.  Crocker, 

7.  Amos  Lawrence, 

8.  Daniel  C.  Baker, 

RHODE  ISLAND. 


2.  J.  Spink. 


Thomas  H.  Seymour, 

1.  A.  P.  Hyde,  3. 

2.  Charles  Parker, 

S.  B.  Piper, 

1.  P.  S.  Crooke,  12. 

2.  E.  B.  Litchfleld,  13. 

3.  R.  T.  Compton,  14. 

4.  J.  M.  Marsh,     '  15. 

5.  I.  Murphy,  16. 

6.  William  H.  Cornell,  17. 

7.  G.  F.  Conover,  18. 

8.  A.  F.  Vache,  19. 

9.  E.  Suffern,  20. 

10.  Alexander  Thompson,  21. 

11.  Zadock  Pratt,  22. 


CONNECTICUT. 
S.  Bingham, 

NEW  YORK. 

L.  Van  Buren, 
J.  Pierson, 
J.  W.  Bishop, 
C.  Vosburgh, 
Thomas  Crook, 
W.  C.  Crain, 
William  Taylor, 

C.  S.  Grinneil, 
W.  C.  Beardsley, 
L.  J.  Walvvorth, 

D.  A.  Ogden, 


J.  C.  Talbot. 

5.  D.  Richardson, 

6.  J.  W.  Tabor. 


Jones. 
3.  N.  B.  Baker. 


P.  Lyman. 
3.  L.  Adams. 


J.  H.  W.  Page. 

9.  J.  Coggin, 

10.  R.  Bullock, 

11.  E.  R.  Colt. 


A.  Ballou. 


N.  Belcher. 

4.  William  F.  Taylor. 


Charles  O'Connor. 

23.  T.  H.  Hubbard, 

24.  T.  G.  McDowell, 

25.  S.  G.  Hathaway, 

26.  F.  C.  Divinny, 

27.  D.  De  Wolf, 

28.  D.  Warners, 

29.  J.  C.  Collins, 

30.  T.  B.  Skinner, 

31.  William  Vandervoort, 

32.  W.  L.  G.  Smith, 

33.  Benjamin  Chamberlain. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


487 


NEW  JERSEY. 
Peter  D.  Vroom,  William  Wright. 

1.  William  S.  Bo  wen,  3.  P.  B.  Kennedy,  5.  E.  A.  Stevens. 

2.  G.  Black,  4.  J.  N.  Taylor, 


II.  McCandless, 

1.  N.  B.  Eldred, 

2.  Peter  Logan, 

3.  George  H.  Martin, 

4.  I.  Miller, 

5.  F.  W.  Bockius, 
G.  R.  MCoy,  Jr., 
7.  A.  Apple, 

8    N.  Strickland, 
9.  A.  Peters, 

J.  Merritt, 
1.  Henry  Bacon. 

R.  M.  McLane, 

1.  J.  Parren, 

2.  R.  H.  Alvey, 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

10.  D.  Fister, 

11.  R.  E.  J,ames, 

12.  J.  Mclieyuolds, 

13.  Pardon  Dainon, 

14.  H.  C.  Eyer, 

15.  J.  Clayton, 

16.  Isaac  Robinson, 

17.  H.  Fetten, 

DELAWARE. 


MARYLAND. 

3.  Carroll  Spence, 

4.  C.  J.  M.  Gwinne, 

VIRGINIA. 


Robert  Patterson. 

18.  J.  Buruside, 

19.  M.  McCaslIn, 

20.  J.  McDonald, 

21.  W.  S.  Callahan, 

22.  A.  Burke, 

23.  William  Dunn, 

24.  J.  S.  McCalmont, 

25.  George  K.  Barrett. 


William  I.  Clark. 


C.  Humphries. 

5.  J.  A.  Wickes, 

6.  E.  K.  Wilson. 


1. 

2. 
8. 

4. 
5. 

I. 

2. 

3. 

M.  Cooke, 
T.  Rives, 
W.  E.  Flournoy, 
J.  Goode,  Jr., 
R.  G.  Scott, 
H.  A.  Wise, 

James  C.  Dobbin, 
Burton  Craige, 
W.  F.  Leak, 
Robert  P.  Dick, 

6.  R.  L.  Montague, 
7.  James  Barbour, 
8.  R.  Tucker, 
9.  George  E.  Deneale, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  A.  Rencher, 
5.  L.  O.  B.  Branch, 
6.  Samuel  J.  Person, 

A.  H.  Dillard. 
10.  James  McDowell, 
11.  J.  B.  Floyd, 
12.  M.  H.  Johnson, 
13.  Z.  Kidwell. 

William  H.  Thomas. 
7.  D.  G.  W.  Ward, 
8.  Thomas  Bragg. 

G.  Cannon, 

1.  J.  H.  Adams, 

2.  R.  F.  W.  Allston, 


Wilson  Lumpkin, 

1.  T.  M.  Foreman, 

2.  R.  H.  Clarke, 

3.  H.  G.  Lamar, 


Jesse  Coe, 
1.  J.  C.  Smith. 

J.  A.  Winston, 

1.  F.  S.  Lyon, 

2.  J.  S.  Seibels, 

3.  C.  W.  Lee, 

E.  C.  Wilkinson, 

1.  W.  H.  Johnson, 

2.  0.  R.  Singleton, 


E.  Warren  Moise, 

1.  J.  B.  Planche, 

2.  Thomas  O.  Moore, 

George  W.  Smyth, 
1.  L.  D.  Evans. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

3.  I.  F.  Marshall, 

4.  M.  E.  Cam, 

GEORGIA. 

4.  H.  A.  Haralson, 

6.  I.  E.  Brown, 

6.  William  L.  Mitchell, 

FLORIDA. 


Thomas  P.  Brockman. 

5.  W.  D.  Porter, 

6.  C.  G.  Memminger. 


H.  V.  Johnson. 

7.  R.  W.  Flournoy, 

8.  William  Schley. 


ALABAMA. 

4.  L.  M.  Stone, 

5.  James  Armstrong, 

MISSISSIPPI. 

3.  J.  H.  R.  Taylor, 

4.  U.  S.  Featherston, 

LOUISIANA. 
3.  T.  Landry, 

TEXAS. 


McQueen  Mclntosh. 


E.  Saunders. 

6.  C.  C.  Clay,  Jr., 

7.  J.  S.  Dowdell. 


A.  M.  Jackson. 

6.  Hiram  Casseday. 


T.  G.  Davidson. 

4.  R.  W.  Richardson. 


R.  S.  Neighbors. 


488 


STATISTICAL    KECOEDS. 


H.  M.  Kector, 
1.  T.  B   Flournoy, 


G.  A.  Henry, 

1.  N.  G.  Taylor, 

2.  H.  Maynard, 

3.  George  Brown, 

4.  S.  M.  Fite, 

J.  P.  Bell, 

1.  L.  Anderson, 

2.  J.  S.  McFarland, 

3.  J.  G.  Rogers, 

4.  Thomas  E.  Bramlette. 

W.  McLean. 

1.  B.  Burns, 

2.  J.  B.  Damble, 

3.  Charles  Rule, 

4.  William  Golden, 

6.  G.  W.  Stokes, 
G.  O.  Keyser, 

7.  11.  C.  Cunningham, 


J.  S.  Barry, 

1.  A.  Edwards, 

2.  William  McCauley, 

John  Pettit, 

1.  J.  H.  Lane, 

2.  A.  P.  Morrison, 

3.  J.  P.  Read, 

4.  W.  6.  Larabee, 


J.  A.  McClelland, 

1.  John  Calhouu, 

2.  E.  G.  Sanger, 

3.  E.  P.  Perry, 


E.  D.  Bevritt, 

1.  H.  P.  Gary, 

2.  Wm.  D.  McCracken, 

3.  C.  P.  Jackson, 

J.  E.  Pletcher, 
1.  A.  Hall, 


M.  M.  Cothren, 
1.  B.  Brown, 


W.  S.  Sherwood, 
1.  J.  W.  Gregory, 


ARKANSAS. 
2.  B.  T.  Duval. 

TENNESSEE. 

6.  J.  Stokes, 

G.  J.  M.  Davidson, 

7.  E.  R.  Osborne, 


J.  A.  Carter. 


William  T.  Haskell. 

8.  J.  A.  McEwen, 

9.  A.  G.  Shrewsbury, 
10.  J.  R.  Moseby. 


KENTUCKY. 

Charles  S.  Morehead. 

5.  J.  L.  Helm,  8.  J.  Rodman, 

6.  C.  P.  Burnan,  9.  L.  M.  Cox, 

7.  Thomas  P.  Marshall,       10.  Thomas  B.  Stevenson. 


OHIO. 

8.  H.  J.  Jewett, 

9.  E.  G.  Dial, 

10.  W.  O.  Key, 

11.  L.  H.  Steedraan, 

12.  C.  H.  Mitchener, 

13.  C.  J.  Orton, 

14.  E.  T.  McArtor, 

MICHIGAN. 

3.  Salmer  Sharpe, 

INDIANA. 

6.  Jas.  S.  Athon, 

6.  George  B.  Buell, 

7.  Jas.  S.  Hester, 

8.  Samuel  A.  Hall, 

ILLINOIS. 

4.  Vierby  Benedict, 

5.  D.  L.  Gregg, 

6.  E.  O'Melveny, 

MISSOURI. 

4.  J.  D.  Stevenson, 
6.  C.  P.  Holly, 

IOWA. 
2.  W.  E.  Lefflngwell. 

WISCONSIN. 
2.  Philo  White, 

CALIFORNIA. 
2.  Andrew  Pico. 


William  Palmer. 

15.  Joseph  Kyle, 

16.  J.  Finley, 

17.  P.  Cleveland, 

18.  S.  D.  Harris, 

19.  E.  T.  Wilder, 

20.  E.  H.  Haines, 

21.  B.  T.  Johnson. 


D.  J.  Campau, 

4.  John  Stockton. 


Nathaniel  Balton. 
9.  E.  Dumont, 

10.  A.  H.  Brown, 

11.  J.  M.  Talbot. 


Richard  J.  Hamilton. 

7.  Jas.  Mahou, 

8.  Joseph  Knox, 

9.  C.  A.  Warren. 


Alexander  Kayser. 

6.  J.  M.  Gatewood, 

7.  Robert  E.  Acock. 


George  H.  Williams. 


Charles  Billinghurst. 
3.  S.  Clark. 


Thomas  J.  Henley. 


EIGHTEENTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1857. 

JAMES  BUCHANAN  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  entire  electoral  vote  of  New 
Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  Georgia, 
Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Louisiana,  Mississippi,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Alabama,  Missouri, 
Arkansas,  Florida,  Texas,  and  California, — 173.  John  C.  Premont  received  the  entire 
vote  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  Vermont, 


STATISTICAL    EEOOEDS. 


489 


New  York,  Ohio,  Michigan,  Iowa,  and  Wisconsin,— 114.  Millard  Fillmore  received  the 
vote  of  Maryland, — 8.  JOHN  C.  BUECKINRIDGE  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving 
173  votes ;  while  \V.  L.  Dayton  had  114,  and  A.  J.  Donelson  8.  The  Electors  were : — 


Noah  Smith,  Jr., 

1.  James  Morton, 

2.  Isaac  Gross, 


W.  H.  H.  Bailey, 
1.  Daniel  Clark, 


W.  C.  Bradley, 
1.  L.  Brainard, 


Thomas  Colt, 

1.  J.  Vinson, 

2.  A.  B.  Wheeler, 

3.  G.  R.  Kussell, 

4.  George  Odiorne, 


E.  W.  Lawton, 
1.  William  P.  Bullock, 


H.  Dutton, 

1.  Thomas  Clark, 

2.  E.  Spencer, 

M.  H.  Grinnell, 

1.  J.  S.  Wadsworth, 

2.  E.  Field, 

3.  M.  Tompkins, 

4.  J.  P.  Jones. 

5.  J.  P.  Stanton, 

6.  E.  Cooke. 

7.  James  Kennedy, 

8.  R.  A.  Barnard, 

9.  H.  Kaster, 

10.  J.  G.  McMurray, 

11.  J.  Kelly, 


E.  A.  Stevens, 

1.  Benjamin  F.  Lee, 

2.  H.  L.  Little, 


MAINE. 

3.  K.  Crockett, 

4.  E.  Swan, 


S.  Perham. 

5.  A.  P.  Emerson, 

6.  M.  H.  Pike. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Thomas  L.  Whitton. 
2.  Thomas  M.  Edwards,        3.  J.  H.  White. 


VERMONT. 


2.  John  Porter, 


George  W.  Strong. 
3.  Portus  Baxter. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

Julius  Rockwell. 
6.  L.  B.  Marsh,  9.  J.  S.  C.  Knowlton, 

6.  George  H.  Devereux,       10.  Charles  E.  Forbes, 

7.  James  M.  Usher,  11.  Franklin  Eipley. 

8.  J.  Nesmith, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 
2.  William  D.  Brayton. 


Isaac  Saunders. 


CONNECTICUT. 

J.  Catlin. 
3.  Wm.  A.  Buckingham,        4.  S.  W.  Gold. 


NEW  YORK. 

12.  II.  H.  Van  Dyck, 

13.  J.  S.  Belcher, 

14.  J.  C.  Hulbert, 

15.  D.  D.  Conover, 
1C.  J.  D.  Kingslaud, 

17.  S.  Stilwell, 

18.  D.  Cady, 

19.  R.  S.  Ilughston, 

20.  W.  S.  Sayre, 

21.  J.  S.  Lynch, 

22.  D.  H.  Marsh, 

NEW  JERSEY. 

8.  D.  Von  Fleet, 
4.  H.  A.  Ford, 


Charles  R.  Buckalew, 

1.  G.  W.  Nebinger,  10. 

2.  P.  Butler,  11. 

3.  E.  Wartman,  12. 

4.  William  H.  Witte,  13. 

5.  J.  McNair,  14. 

6.  J.  H.  Brinton,  15. 

7.  D.  Laury,  16. 

8.  Charles  Kessler,  17. 

9.  James  Patterson, 

George  C.  Gordon, 
1.  Charles  Wright. 

J.  D.  Roman, 

1.  R.  Goldsborough,  3. 

2.  E.  H.  Webster,  4. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

Isaac  Stenker, 
F.  W.  Hughes, 
T.  Osterhout, 

A.  Edinger, 

B.  Wilbur, 
George  A.  Crawford, 
James  Black, 

H.  J.  Stable, 

DELAWARE. 


Thomas  Carnley. 

23.  A.  Davenport, 

24.  Le  Roy  Morgan, 

25.  E.  Burnham. 

26.  M.  H.  Lawrence, 

27.  J.  B.  Williams, 

28.  Isaac  L.  Endress, 

29.  F.  Clarke, 

30.  W.  S.  Mallory, 
81.  W.  Keep, 

32.  R.  Wheeler, 

33.  Delos  E.  Sill. 


G.  F.  Fort. 

5.  George  W.  Savage. 


W.  McCandless. 

18.  J.  D.  Roddy, 

19.  J.  Turney, 

20.  James  A.  T.  Buchanan, 

21.  William  Wilkins, 

22.  J.  C.  Campbell, 

23.  Thomas  Cunningham, 

24.  J.  Keattey, 

25.  V.  Phelps. 


H.  Ridgeley. 


MARYLAND. 

C.  L.  L.  Leary,  — 
Thomas  Swann, 


James  Wallace. 

5.  F.  A.  Schley, 

6.  A.  R.  Sellers. 


490 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


E.  W.  Massenburg, 

1.  T.  II.  Campbell,  C. 

2.  James  Garland,  7. 
8.  J.  Goode,  Jr.,                     8. 

4.  Alexander  Jones,  9. 

5.  William  B.  Taliaferro. 


H.  M.  Shaw, 

1.  W.  F.  Martin, 

2.  William  P.  Blow, 

3.  M.  B.  Smith, 


J.  A.  Inglis, 

1.  W.  A.  Owens, 

2.  B.  T.  Watts, 


W.  H.  Stiles, 

1.  J.  L.  Harris, 

2.  L.  J.  Gartrell, 

3.  Thomas  M.  Fournan, 


M.  A.  Long, 
1.  George  W.  Call. 

W.  L.  Yancey, 

1.  L.  P.  Walker, 

2.  J.  G.  Barr, 

3.  A.  B.  Meek. 

C.  S.  Tarpley, 

1.  J.  F.  Cushmau, 

2.  J.  A.  Orr, 


C.  J.  Villerre, 

1.  T.  Landry, 

2.  J.  McVea, 


VIRGINIA. 

R.  L.  Montague, 
James  Barbour, 
J.  R.  Tucker, 
J.  J.  Harris, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

G.  H.  Wilder, 
S.  E.  Williams, 
Thomas  Settle,  Jr., 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


A.  II.  Dillard. 

10.  A,  G.  Pendelton, 

11.  J.  B.  Floyd, 

12.  S.  L.  Hayes, 

13.  Sherrard  Clemens. 


S.  P.  Hill. 

7.  R  P.  Waring. 

8.  W.  W.  Avery. 


3.  J.  J.  Pickens, 

4.  J.  Chestnut,  Jr., 

GEORGIA. 

4.  J.  W.  Lewis, 

5.  S.  Hall,  , 

6.  J.  P.  Simmons, 

FLORIDA. 


ALABAMA. 

4.  J.  D.  Rathers, 
6.  J.  L.  Pugh, 

MISSISSIPPI. 

3.  B.  Matthews, 

4.  William  M.  Estelle, 

LOUISIANA. 
8.  T.  0.  Moore, 
TEXAS. 


William  R.  Scurry, 
1.  A.  J.  Hood,  2.  A.  J.  Hamilton. 

ARKANSAS. 
L.  H.  Hempstead, 
1.  J.  J.  Green,  2.  J.  McCoy. 


W.  H.  Polk, 

1.  J.  G.  Harris, 

2.  E.  L.  Gardenhire, 

3.  S.  Pawel, 

4.  E.  A.  Keeble, 

E.  Hise, 

1.  J.  W.  Stevenson, 

2.  S.  Cravens, 

3.  I.  T.  Hawkins, 

4.  B.  Magoffln, 

C.  B.  Smith, 

1.  J.  Perkins, 

2.  R.  M.  Corwine, 
8.  P.  Odlin, 

4.  J.  S.  Conklin, 
6.  William  Taylor, 

6.  E.  P.  Evans, 

7.  W.  H.  P.  Denny, 


TENNESSEE. 

5.  J.  M.  McKenry, 

6.  J.  H.  Thomas, 

7.  J.  J.  Brown, 


J.  L.  Noell.  » 

5.  F,  W.  Pickens, 

6.  J.  L.  Manning. 


J.  N.  Ramsay, 

7.  J.  P.  Saffold, 

8.  T.  W.  Thomas- 


W.  D.  Barnes. 


J.  W.  A.  Sandford. 

6.  W.  O.  Winston, 

7.  J.  L.  M.  Curry. 


J.  W.  Matthews. 
5.  H.  T.  Ellett. 


W.  A.  Elmore. 
4.  H.  Cray. 

M.  D.  Ector. 


N.  B.  Burrow. 


D.  M.  Key. 

8.  G.  G.  Poindexter, 

9.  J.  D.  C.  Atkins, 
10.  D.  M.  Curriu. 


KENTUCKY. 

J.  A.  Finn. 

5.  George  W.  Williams,         8.  R.  W.  Wooley, 

6.  Benjamin  F.  Rice,  9.  R.  H.  Stanton, 

7.  William  D.  Reed,  10.  Hiram  Kelsey. 


8.  J. 

9.  R. 

10.  F. 

11.  J. 

12.  D. 

13.  H, 

14.  E. 


OHIO. 

R.  Hubbell, 
G.  Pennington, 
Cleavelaud, 
Welch, 
Humphrey, 
D.  Cooke, 
Pardee, 


J.  B.  Stallo. 

15.  J.  M.  Hodge, 

16.  Davis  Green, 

17.  M.  Penuington, 

18.  J.  S.  Herrick, 

19.  A.  Wilcox, 

20.  J.  Dumas, 

21.  A.  E.  Burs. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


491 


F.  C.  Beaman, 

1.  H.  Chamberlain, 

2.  W.  H.  Withney. 


G.  N.  Fitch, 

1.  S.  H.  Buskirk, 

2.  J.  M.  Hauna, 

3.  W.  T.  Parrett, 

4.  I.  S.  McClelland, 


A.  M.  Harrington, 

1.  M.  L.  Joslyn,  •  4. 

2.  IIughMaher,  5. 

3.  B.  Holloway,  6. 


D.  F.  Miller, 
1.  W.  M.  Stone, 


A.  Olvera, 
1.  P.  Delia  Torre, 


1.  J.  B.  Henderson, 

1.  W.  Y.  Slack,  4. 

2.  J.  N.  Burns,  5. 

3.  J.  W.  Torbert, 


E.  D.  Holton, 
1.  I.  H.  Knowlton, 


2. 


MICHIGAN. 
C.  H.  Miller, 

INDIANA. 

S.  K.  Wolfe, 

0.  Evarts, 
S.  W.  Short, 
F.  P.  Randall, 

ILLINOIS. 

1.  P.  Richmond, 
S.  W.  Moultoa, 
0.  B.  Ficklin, 

IOWA. 
H.  0.  Connor. 

CALIFORNIA. 
A.  C.  Bradford. 
MISSOURI. 

J.  T.  Coffee, 
F.  Kenneth, 

WISCONSIN. 
Billie  Williams, 


O.  Johnson. 

4.  Thomas  J.  Drake. 


M.  M.  Ray. 

9.  D.  D.  Jones, 

10.  S.  Mickle, 

11.  E.  Johnson. 


C.  H.  Constable. 

7.  W.  A.  J.  Sparks, 

8.  J.  A.  Logan. 


H.  T.  Downey. 


George  Freaner. 


J.  B.  Benjamin. 

6.  W.  D.  McCracken, 

7.  L.  Cooke. 


W.  D.  Mclndoe. 
3.  G.  Menzel. 


NINETEENTH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 1861. 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN  was  elected  President,  receiving  the  vote  of  California,  Connect 
icut,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa,  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Michigan,  Minnesota,  New  Hamp 
shire,  New  Jersey  (4),  New  York,  Ohio,  Oregon,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island,  Ver 
mont,  and  Wisconsin, — 180.  John  C.  Breckinridge  received  the  vote  of  Alabama, 
Arkansas,  Delaware,  Florida,  Georgia,  Louisiana,  Maryland,  Mississippi,  North 
Carolina,  South  Carolina,  and  Texas, — 72.  John  Bell  received  the  entire  vote  of  Ken 
tucky,  Tennessee,  and  Virginia, — 39.  Stephen  A.  Douglas  received  the  vote  of  Mis 
souri  and  New  Jersey  (3), — 12.  HANNIBAL  HAMLIN  was  elected  Vice-Preside  lit,  re 
ceiving  180,  while  Joseph  Lane  received  72,  Edward  Everett  39,  and  Herschel 
V.  Johnson  12.  The  electors  were  : — 


William  Willis, 

1.  Louis  O.  Cowan, 

2.  Daniel  Howes, 


John  Sullivan, 
1.  David  Gillis, 


George  Morey, 

1.  James  H.  Mitchell, 

2.  John  M.  Forbes, 
8.  Charles  Mattoon, 

4.  John  G.  Whittier,    j 


MAINE. 

Abner  Coburn. 

3.  George  W.  Pickering,        5.  Andrew  Peters, 

4.  William  McGilvery,  6.  William  M.  Reed. 


Ebenezer  Stevens. 
3.  Daniel  Blaisdell. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
2.  Nathaniel  Tolles, 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

;  Alfred  Macy. 

5.  John  Nesmith,  9.  Amasa  Walker, 

6.  Charles  B.  Hall,  10.  Peleg  W.  Chandler, 

7.  Reuben  A.  Chapman,       11.  Charles  Field. 

8.  Gerry  W.  Cochrane, 


Thomas  G.  Turner, 
1.  Elisha  Harris, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 
2.  David  Buffum. 


Latimer  W.  Ballou. 


492 


STATISTICAL    EECORDS. 


William  Henry, 
1.  Joseph  Warner, 


VERMONT. 
2.  Edward  A.  Gaboon, 


CONNECTICUT. 
Chauncey  F.  Cleveland, 

Samuel  Austin,  3.  Benjamin  Douglas, 

Augustus  Brandegee, 

NEW  YORK. 
William  C.  Bryant, 
John  A.  King,  12.  Frank  L.  Jones, 

13.  Ezra  M.  Parsons, 

14.  John  Greiner,  Jr., 

15.  Edwards  W.  Fiske, 

16.  James  Kelly, 

17.  Washington  Smith, 

18.  William  H.  Robertson, 

19.  Jacob  B.  Carpenter, 

20.  Jacob  H.  Ten  Eyck, 

21.  Robert  S.  Hale, 

22.  James  R.  Allaben, 


Andrew  Carrigan, 
Frederick  Kapp, 
William  A.  Darling, 
Rufus  H.  King, 
John  F.  Winslow, 
N.  Edson  Sheldon, 
Henry  Churchill, 
Benj.N.  Huntington, 
John  J.  Foote, 
William  Van  Marter, 


William  Cook, 

1.  Theodore  Runyon, 

2.  Joseph  C.  Hornblower, 


James  Pollock, 

1.  Edward  C.  Knight, 

2.  Robert  P.  King, 

3.  Henry  Bumm, 

4.  Robert  M.  Foust, 

5.  Nathan  Hilles, 

6.  John  M.  Broomall, 

7.  James  W.  Fuller, 

8.  David  E.  Stout, 

9.  Francis  W.  Christ, 

Samuel  Jefferson, 
1.  Robert  B.  Houston. 

E.  Lewis  Lowe, 

1.  Elias  Griswold, 

2.  John  Brooke  Boyle, 


Thomas  Bruce, 

1.  Lemuel  J.  Bowden, 

2.  John  J.  Jackson, 

3.  F.  T.  Anderson, 

4.  B.  H.  Shackelford, 

5.  A.  B.  Caldwell, 

Alfred  M.  Scales, 

1.  John  W.  Moore, 

2.  William  B.  Rodman, 

3.  William  A.  Allen, 


NEW  JERSEY. 

3.  George  H.  Brown, 

4.  Edward  W.  Ivins, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

10.  David  Mumma,  Jr., 

11.  David  Taggart, 

12.  Thomas  R.  Hull, 

13.  Francis  B.  Penneman, 

14.  Ulysses  Mercur, 

15.  George  Bressler, 

16.  A.  Brady  Sharpe, 

17.  Daniel  O.  Gehr, 

DELAWARE. 


MARYLAND. 

3.  Joshua  Vansant, 

4.  T.  Parkin  Scott, 

VIRGINIA. 

6.  L.  H.  Chandler, 

7.  Joseph  Christian, 

8.  William  Lamb, 

9.  John  R.  Edmunds, 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

4.  A.  W.  Venable, 
6.  J.  R.  McLean, 
6.  John  M.  Clement, 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
Andrew  P.  Calhoun, 

1.  Thomas  Y.  Simmes,          3.  George  P.  Elliott, 

2.  John  Williams,  •      4.  Tilman  Watson, 


A.  H.  Colquitt, 

1.  Peter  Cone, 

2.  William  M.  Slaughter, 

3.  O.  C.  Gibson, 


GEORGIA. 

4.  Hugh  Buchanan, 
6.  Lewis  Tumlin, 
6.  Hardy  Strickland, 


Henry  G.  Root. 

3.  D.  W.  C.  Clarke. 


Roger  S.  Baidwin. 

4.  Frederick  Wood. 


James  O.  Putnam. 

23.  Sherman  D.  Phelps, 

24.  Hiram  Dewey, 

25.  John  E.  Seeley, 

26.  James  S.  Wadsworth, 

27.  Charles  C.  Parker, 

28.  James  Parker, 

29.  Sigismund  Kaufmann, 

30.  George  M.  Grier, 

31.  Abijah  Beckwith, 

32.  James  L.  Voorhees, 

33.  Elisha  S.  Whalen. 


Joel  Parker. 

5.  Charles  E.  Elmer. 


Thomas  M.  Howe. 

18.  Samuel  Calvin, 

19.  Edgar  Cowan, 

20.  William  McKennan, 

21.  John  M.  Kirkpatrick, 

22.  James  Kerr, 

23.  Richard  P.  Roberts, 

24.  Henry  Souther, 

25.  John  Greer. 


John  Mustard. 


James  L.  Martin. 

5.  John  Ritchie, 

6.  James  S.  Franklin. 


Marmaduke  Johnson. 

10.  James  Lyons, 

11.  Richard  B.  Claybrook, 

12.  William  H.  Anthony, 

13.  J.  W.  Massie. 


Edward  Nahum  Hay  wood. 

7.  J.  A.  Fox, 

8.  John  A.  Dickson. 


William  E.  Martin. 
\  6.  Joseph  F.  Gist, 
6.  Robert  G.  McCaw. 


H.  R.  Jackson. 

7.  W.  A.  Lofton, 

8.  William  M.  Mclntosh. 


STATISTICAL    BEQOEDS. 


493 


KENTUCKY. 

TV.  H.  Wadsworth, 

E.  L.  Van  Winkle. 

1.  Q.  Q.  Quigley,                    5.  Phil  Lee, 

8.  John  M.  Harlan, 

2.  S.  A.  Seavell,                     6.  William  M.  Fulkerson, 

9.  John  B.  Huston, 

3.  William  Sampson,             7.  William  C.  Bullock, 

10.  W.  S.  Rankin. 

4.  W.  A.  Hoskins, 

TENNESSEE. 

Bailie  Peyton, 

N.  G.  Taylor. 

1.  J.  W.  Deaderich,               5.  Ed.  J.  Golloday, 

8.  John  F.  House, 

2.  O.  P.  Temple,          ••           6.  William  F.  Kercheval, 

9.  Alvin  Hawkins, 

3.  Alfred  Caldwell,                7.  John  C.  Brown, 

10.  Benjamin  D.  Nabers. 

4.  S.  S.  Stauton, 

OHIO. 

Frederick  Hassaurek, 

Joseph  M.  Root. 

1.  Benjamin  Eggleston,         8.  Abraham  Thomson, 

15.  Joseph  Ankeny, 

2.  William  M.  Dickson,        9.  John  F.  Heukle, 

16.  Edward  Ball, 

3.  Frank  McWhiney,            10.  Hezekiah  S.  Bundy, 

17.  John  A.  Davenport, 

4.  John  Rilev  Knox,             11.  DanielB.  Stewart, 

18.  William  K.  Upham, 

5.  Dresden  W.  H.  Howard,  12.  Richard  P.  L.  Baber, 

19.  Samuel  B.  Philbrick, 

6.  John  M.  Kellum,              13.  John  Beatty, 

20.  George  W.  Brooke, 

7.  Nelson  Rush,                    14.  Willard  Slocum, 

21.  Norman  K.Mackenzie. 

LOUISIANA. 

O.  Rosseau, 

B.  Avegno. 

1.  Trasimond  Landry,           3.  J.  G.  Olivier, 

4.  W.  M.  Levy. 

2.  B.  B.  Simmes, 

MISSISSIPPI. 

A.  K.  Ely  the, 

J.  A.  Green. 

1.  Thomas  W.  Harris,           3.  P.F.  Liddell, 

5.  Livingston  Minis. 

2.  Richard  Harrison,             4.  J.  B.  Chrisman, 

INDIANA. 

John  L.  Mansfield, 

Cyrus  M.  Allen. 

1.  M..C.  Hunter,                     5.  David  O.  Dailey, 

9.  Reuben  H.  Riley, 

2.  Nelson  Trusler,                 6.  Will  Cumback, 

10.  Samuel  A.  Huff, 

3.  John  Hanna,                       7.  John  W.  Ray, 

11.  Isaac  Jenkinsou. 

4.  James  N.  Tyner,                8.  John  H.  Farquhar, 

ILLINOIS. 

Leonard  Sweet, 

Allen  C.  Fuller. 

1.  Lawrence  Weldon,            4.  John  M.  Palmer, 

7.  James  C.  Conkllng, 

2.  James  Stark,                      5.  William  B.  Plato, 

8.  Thomas  G.  Allen, 

3.  Henry  P.  H.  Bromwell,     6.  William  P.  Kellogg, 

9.  John  Olney. 

ALABAMA. 

David  Hubbard, 

John  T.  Morgan. 

1.  J.  S.  Dickinson,                 4.  J.  W.  Garrott, 

6.  R.  C.  Brickell, 

2.  Ely  S.  Shorter,                  5.  John  S.  Kennedy, 

7.  R.  W.  Cobb. 

3.  C.  A.  Battle, 

MISSOURI. 

John  B.  Henderson, 

Robert  S.  Bevier. 

1.  John  B.  Hale,                    4.  Mordecai  Oliver, 

6.  Francis  Hagan, 

2.  James  F.  V.  Thomson,     5.  E.  T.  Wingo, 

7.  Richard  H.  Stevens. 

3.  George  G.  Vest, 

William  W.  Floyd, 
William  W.  Leake,  2 


Hezekiah  G.  Wells, 

1.  George  W.  Lee,  3. 

2.  Edward  Dorsch, 


George  W.  Call, 
1.  J.  Myrick  Gorrie. 

M.  D.  Graham, 
1.  A.  T.  Rainey, 


ARKANSAS. 
George  W.  Taylor. 

MICHIGAN. 
Philotas  Hayden, 

FLORIDA. 

TEXAS. 
John  A.  Wharton. 


Theodric  F.  Sorrels. 


Rnfus  Hosmer. 

4.  Augustus  Coburn. 


J.  Patton  Anderson. 
Thomas  M.  Waul. 


494 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


IOWA. 

Fitz  Henry  Warren,  Joseph,  A.  Chapline. 

1.  M.  L.  McPherson,  2.  Charles  Pomeroy. 

WISCONSIN. 

Walter  D.  Mclndoe,  Bradford  Rixford. 

1.  J.  Alleu  Barber,  2.  William  W.  Vaughan,        3.  Herman  Linderman. 


CALIFORNIA. 
Charles  A.  Washburn, 
1.  Charles  A.  Tuttle,  2.  Antonio  M.  Pico. 

MINNESOTA. 
Stephen  Miller, 
1.  Clark  W.  Thompson,        2.  Charles  McClure. 


T.  J.  Dryer, 
1.  William  H.  Watkins. 


OREGON. 


W.  H.  Weeks. 


William  Pfaender. 


B.  J.  Pengra. 


TWENTIETH  PRESIDENTIAL  ELECTION— 18G5. 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN  was  elected  President  for  a  second  term,  receiving  the  votes  of 
Maine,  Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire,  Vermont,  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island,  New 
York,  Pennsylvania,  Maryland,  Ohio,  Indiana,  Michigan,  Illinois,  Iowa,  Minnesota, 
Wisconsin,  Missouri,  Kansas,  West  Virginia,  Oregon,  California,  and  Nevada, — 212. 
George  B.  McClellan  received  the  vote  of  New  Jersey,  Delaware,  and  Kentucky, — 21. 
ANDREW  JOHNSON  was  elected  Vice-President,  receiving  212 ;  while  George  H.  Penclle- 
ton  received  21.  The  Electors  were  : — 


John  B.  Brown, 

1.  R.  M.  Chapman, 

2.  John  N.  Swasey, 


MAINE. 

3.  Going  Hathem, 

4.  William  P.  Frye, 


Abner  Stetson. 

5.  B.  P.  Gilman. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Daniel  M.  Christie,  William  H.  Y.  Haskett. 

1.  A.  H.  Dunlap,  2.  Allen  Giffln,  3.  Henry  O.  Kent. 


Edward  Everett, 

1.  Richard  Borden, 

2.  John  M.  S.  Williams, 

3.  Stephen  M.  Weld, 

4.  John  Wells, 

R.  B.  Cranston, 
1.  Rouse  Babcock, 


Daniel  Kellogg, 
1.  S.  M.  Dorr, 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

5.  Artemas  Hale, 

6.  John  G.  Whittier, 

7.  Levi  Lincoln, 


Whiting  Griswold. 

8.  George  Putnam, 

9.  George  L.  Davis, 
10.  William  S.  Clarke, 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

William  L.  Slater. 
2.  Simeon  Henry  Greene. 


VERMONT. 


2.  R.  Fletcher, 


A.  L.  Catlin. 

3.  James  W.  Simpson. 


John  T.  Wait, 

1.  James  G.  Batterson,  3. 

2.  Frederick  A.  Benjamin, 

Horace  Greeley, 

1.  Obadiah  Browne,  12. 

2.  George  Ricard,  13. 

3.  Thomas  B.  Asten,  14. 

4.  Guy  R.  Pelton,  15. 
6.  Charles  L.  Beale,  16. 

6.  Cornelius  L.  Allen,  17. 

7.  Allen  C.  Churchill,  18. 

8.  John  R.  Knox,  19. 

9.  John  E.  Seeley,  20. 

10.  William  Bristol,  21. 

11.  James  S.  T.  Stranahan, 


CONNECTICUT. 

Oliver  F.  Winchester. 
Samuel  C.  Hubbard,          4.  Sabin  L.  Sayers. 

NEW  YORK. 

Preston  King. 
Abram  J.  Dittenhoefer,   22.  George  Opdyke, 


Isaac  T.  Smith, 
Alexander  Davidson, 
Thaddetis  Hait, 
Alonzo  W.  Morgan, 
Ebenezer  Blakeley, 
Thomas  Kingsford, 
Jedediah  Dewey, 
Joseph  Candee, 
William  H.  McKinney, 


23.  James  W.  Taylor, 

24.  John  Tweddle, 

25.  Hiram  Horton, 
2G.  John  Clarke, 

27.  George  W.  Bradford, 

28.  Myron  H.  Weaver, 

29.  John  P.  Darling, 

30.  James  Alley, 

31.  John  W.  Stebbins. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


495 


"William  Paterson, 

1.  Thomas  McKeen, 

2.  F.  S.  Lathrop, 


Morton  McMichael, 

1.  R.  P.  King, 

2.  William  H.  Kern, 

3.  Robert  Parke, 

4.  Edward  Halliday, 

5.  Charles  II.  Shriuer, 

6.  D.  W.  Woods, 

7.  Samuel  B.  Dick, 

8.  Everard  Bierer, 


Victor  DuPont, 
1.  Harberson  Hickman. 

W.  J.  Albert, 

1.  "W.  H.  W.  Farrow, 

2.  Isaac  Nesbit, 


NEW  JERSEY. 

Furman  L.  Mtilforcl. 

3.  William  P.  McMichael,      5.  Charles  11.  Cornwall. 

4.  John  McGregor, 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

9.  Morrison  Coates, 

10.  Barton  II.  Jeuks, 

11.  William  Taylor, 

12.  Charles  F.  Read, 

13.  John  P.  Clark, 

14.  Isaac  Benson, 

15.  John  P.  Penney, 

16.  Richard  H.  Coryell, 

DELAWARE. 


Thomas  Cunningham. 

17.  Henry  Hurnra, 

18.  C.  M.  Runk, 

19.  John  A.  Hiestand, 

20.  Elias  W.  Hale, 

21.  D.  McConaughy, 

22.  John  Patton, 

23.  C.  McJunkin, 

24.  J.  W.  Blanchard. 


Ayers  Stockley. 


MARYLAND. 

Henry  II.  Goldsborough. 

3.  William  Smith  Reese,        5.  R.  Stockett  Matthews. 

4.  George  W.  Sands, 


KENTUCKY. 
Thornton  F.  Marshall, 

1.  T.  A.  Duke,  4.  B.  C.  Ritter, 

2.  William  Harbour,  5.  B.  F.  Bullode, 

3.  G.  S.  Shauklin,  6.  H.  Taylor, 

OHIO. 


John  B.  Huston. 

7.  F.  L.  Cleveland, 

8.  A.  H.  Ward, 

9.  G.  W.  Dunlap. 


John  M.  Connell, 

John  P.  Buhn. 

1. 

John  K.  Green, 

8. 

Stanley  Matthews, 

14.  Lewis  B.  Yunckel, 

2. 

Stephen  Johnston, 

9. 

William  L.  Walker, 

15.  Mills  Gardner, 

3. 

Henry  W.  Smith, 

10. 

Ozias  Bowen, 

10.  Jacob  Scraggs, 

4. 

William  Sheffield, 

11. 

George  A.  Walker, 

17.  Henry  F.  Page, 

5. 

James  R.  Stanberg, 

12. 

John  II.  McCombs, 

18.  Frederick  W.  Wood, 

G. 

Lorenzo  Danford, 

13. 

John  McCook, 

19.  Seth  Marshall. 

7. 

Abner  Kellogg, 

INDIANA. 

David  S.  Gooding, 

R.  W.  Thompson. 

1. 

James  C.  Dennis, 

5. 

John  M.  Wallace, 

9.  Timothy  R.  Dickinson, 

2. 

Lconiclas  Sexton, 

6. 

Cyrus  T.  Nixon, 

10.  II.  R.  Pritchard, 

3. 

Jonathan  J.  Wright, 

7. 

Benjamin  F.  Claypool 

,     11.  Robert  P.  Davidson. 

4i 

James  B.  Belford, 

8. 

John  Osborn, 

ILLINOIS. 

John  Dougherty, 

• 

Francis  A.  Hoffman. 

1. 

Benjamin  M.  Prentiss, 

G. 

James  S.  Poage, 

11.  Austin  S.  Miller, 

2. 

M.  T.  Hopkins, 

7. 

Thomas  W.  Harris, 

12.  John  J.  Bennett, 

a. 

William  Walker, 

8. 

Zelotes  S.  Clifford, 

13.  Franklin  Blades, 

4. 

James  C.  Conkling, 

9. 

John  V.  Farwell, 

14.  John  V.  Eustace. 

0. 

N.  M.  McCurdy, 

10. 

Henry  S.  Baker, 

MISSOURI. 
C.  D.  Drake, 

Lucien  Eaton,  4.  Barnabas  Smith, 

Harrison  J.  Lindenbower,  5.  W.  Smith  Ingham, 
J.  C.  Parker,  6.  Joseph  C.  Kilian, 

MICHIGAN. 
Robert  R.  Beecher, 

1.  Thomas  D.  Gilbert,  3.  F.  Walldorf, 

2.  O.  D.  Conger,  4.  George  W.  Back, 


William  W.  Field, 

1.  George  C.  Northrop, 

2.  Henry  J.  Turner, 


WISCONSIN. 

3.  Jonathan  Bowman, 

4.  Henry  F.  Belitz, 


S.  0.  Scofleld. 

7.  G.  R.  Smith, 

8.  C.  Carpenter, 

9.  Thomas  G.  C.  Fagg. 


Marsh  Giddings. 

5.  Christian  Eberbach, 

6.  J.  Eugene  Tenuey. 


Henry  L.  Blood. 

5.  Allen  Warden, 

6.  Alexander  S.  McDill. 


496  STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


IOWA. 

Charles  Benjamin  Darwin,  William  Thompson. 

1.  John  Van  Volkenburg,     3.  Samuel  S.  Burdett,  6.  Frank  W.  Palmer, 

2.  G.  C.  Mudgett,  4.  B.  T.  Hunt,  6.  Henry  C.  Henderson 

CALIFORNIA. 

Warner  Oliver,  William  W.  Crane. 

1.  C.  Maclay,  2.  Samuel  Brannan,  3.  J.  G.  McCallum. 

MINNESOTA. 

Charles  H.  Lindsley,  J.  N.  Murdoch. 

1.  J.  G.  Betze,  2.  J.  W.  Morford. 

KANSAS. 

R.  McBratney,  W.  P.  Cloud. 

1.  Chester  Thomas. 

OREGON. 

James  F.  Gazley,  H.  N.  George. 

1.  George  L.  Wood. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Ellery  E.  Hall,  William  E.  Stevenson. 

1.  J.  H.  Atkinson,  2.  Edward  C.  Bunker,  3.  Robert  S.  Brown. 

NEVADA. 

Alexander  W.  Baldwin,  Stephen  T.  Gage. 

[This  State  was  entitled  to  a  third  Elector;  but  the  person  chosen  died  before  at 
tending  the  College  of  Electors.] 


THE  SUPREME  COUET  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

[OFFICIALLY  PREPARED  FOR  THIS  WORK.] 
CHIEF  JUSTICES. 

JOHN  JAY,  of  New  York,  appointed  and  confirmed  September  26,  1789.    Resigned. 

JOHN  RUTLEDGE,  of  South  Carolina,  appointed  July  1,  1795,  in  recess  of  Senate,  and 
presided  on  the  bench  at  August  Term,  1795.  Nominated  December  10,  and  rejected 
by  the  Senate  December  15,  1795. 

WILLIAM  CUSHING,  of  Massachusetts.  Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  Janu 
ary  27,  1796.  Declined.  He  was  then  an  Associate  Justice. 

OLIVER  ELLSWORTH,  of  Connecticut.  Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March 
4,  1796.  He  presided  on  the  bench  at  the  August  Term,  1799.  Resigned. 

JOHN  JAY,  of  New  York.  Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed,  December  19,  1800. 
Declined. 

JOHN  MARSHALL,  Secretary  of  State.*  Nomination  confirmed  January  31,  1801. 
Died. 

ROGER  B.  TANEY,  of  Maryland.  Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March  15, 1836. 
Died. 

SALMON  P.  CHASE,  of  Ohio,  appointed  and  confirmed  December  6,  1864. 


ASSOCIATE  JUSTICES. 

JOHN  RUTLEDGE,  of  South  Carolina.  Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  Septem 
ber  26,  1789.  Resigned. 

*  John  Marshall,  Secretary  of  State,  was  nominated  to  the  Senate,  as  Chief  Justice,  January  20, 1801, 
was  confirmed  on  the  27th,  commissioned  on  the  31st,  and  presided  on  thebfnch  of  the  Supreme  Court  from 
the  4th  to  the  9th  of  February,  or  during  February  Term,  1801.  From  a  message  of  the  President  to  Con 
gress,  accompanied  by  a  report  from  John  Marshall,  Secretary  of  State,  dated  February  '27,  1801,  it  ap 
pears  that  he  also  continued  to  act  in  the  latter  capacity  until  that  day,  and,  from  other  circumstances, 
that  he  continued  to  act  as  such  until  March  3,  1801,  on  which  day  the  then  administration  terminated. 


STATISTICAL    KECOttDS.  497 


WILLIAM  GUSHING,  of  Massachusetts.    Nomination  confirmed  September  2G,  and  ap 
pointed  September  27,  1789.     Died. 

John  BLAIR,  of  Virginia.    Nomination  confirmed  September  26,  and  appointed  Sep 
tember  30,  1789.    Resigned. 

ROBERT  H.  HARRISON,  of  Maryland.    Nomination  confirmed  September  2G,  1789.  Re 
signed. 

JAMES  IREDELL,  of  North  Carolina.    Appointed  in  recess  of  Senate.    Nomination 
confirmed  and  appointed  February  10,  1790.    Died. 

THOMAS  JOHNSON,  of  Maryland.    Appointed  August  5,  1791,  in  recess  of  Senate. 
Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  November  7,  1791.    Resigned. 

WILLIAM  PATERSON,  Governor  of  New  Jersey.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed 
March  4,  1793.    Died. 

SAMUEL  CHASE  of  Maryland.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  January  27, 1796. 
Died. 

BUSHROD   WASHINGTON,  of  Virginia.    Appointed  September  29,  1798,  in  recess  of 
Senate.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  December  30,  1798.    Died. 

ALFRED  MOORE,  of  North  Carolina.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  Decem 
ber  10,  1799.    Resigned. 

WILLIAM  JOHNSON,  of  South  Carolina.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March 
26,  1804.     Died. 

THOMAS  TODD,  of  Kentucky.    Nomination  confirmed  March  2,  and  appointed  March 
3,  1807. 

BROCKHOLST  LIVINGSTON,  of  New  York.    Appointed  November  10,  1806,  in  recess 
Df  Senate.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  December  17,  1806.    Died. 

LEVI  LINCOLN,  of  Massachusetts.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  January  3, 
1811.    Declined. 

JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS,  of  Massachusetts.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  Feb 
ruary  22,  1811.    Declined. 

JOSEPH  STORY,  of  Massachusetts.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  November 
18,  1811.     Died. 

GABRIEL  DUVAL,  of  Maryland.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  November  18, 
1811.    Resigned. 

SMITH  THOMPSON,  of  New  York.     Appointed  September  1,  1823,  in  recess  of  the 
Senate.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  December  9,  1823.    Died. 

ROBERT  TRIMBLE,  of  Kentucky.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  May  9,  1826. 
Died. 

JOHN  MCLEAN,   of  Ohio.     Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March  7,   1829. 
Died. 

HENRY  BALDWIN,  of  Pennsylvania.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  January 
6,  1830.     Died. 

JAMES  M.  WAYNE,  of  Georgia.     Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  January  9, 
1835. 

PHILIP  P.  BARBOUR,  of  Virginia.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March  15, 
1836.    Died. 

JOHN  CATRON,  of  Tennessee.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March  8,  1837. 
Died  May  30,  1865. 

WILLIAM  SMITH,  of  Alabama.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March  8,  1837. 
Declined. 

JOHN  McKiNLEY,  of  Alabama.    Appointed  April  22,   1837,  in  recess  of  the  Senate. 
Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  September  25,  1837. 

PETER  V.  DANIEL,  of  Virginia.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  March  3, 1841. 
Died. 

SAMUEL  NELSON,  of  New  York.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  February  14, 
1S45. 

LEVI  WOODBURY,  of  New  Hampshire.    Appointed  September  20,  1845,  in  recess  of 
the  Senate.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  January  3,  1846.    Died. 

ROBERT  C.  GRIER,  of  Pennsylvania.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  August  4, 
1846. 

BENJAMIN  ROBBINS  CURTIS,  of  Massachusetts.    Appointed  during  the  recess  of  the 
Senate.    Nomination  confirmed  and  appointed  December  20,  1851.    Resigned. 

JAMES  A.  CAMPBELL,   of  Alabama.     Appointed  March  22,  1853.    Resigned. 

NATHAN  CLIFFORD,  of  Maine.    Appointed  January  28,  1858. 

NOAH  H.  SWAYNE,  of  Ohio.    Appointed  January  4,  1862. 

SAMUEL  H.  MILLER,  of  Iowa.    Appointed  July  16,  1862. 

DAVID  DAVIS,  of  Illinois.    Appointed  December  8,  1862. 

STEPHEN  J.  FIELD,  of  California.    Appointed  March  10,  1863. 
32 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


JUSTICES  OF  THE   SUPREME  COURT  WHO  HAVE   NOT 
BEEN  IN  CONGRESS. 

[Although  a  large  majority  of  the  men  who  have  occupied  seats  on  the  Bench  of  the 
Supreme  Court,  also  served  their  country  as  Senators  or  Representatives,  it  is  due  to 
the  remainder  that  the  following  notices  should  be  submitted  to  the  reader,  for  pur 
poses  of  reference.] 

BLAIR,  JOHN. — He  was  born  in  Virginia,  in  1732 ;  in  1787  he  was  appointed  Judge  of 
the  Court  of  Appeals,  of  Virginia;  was  a  member  of  the  "General  Convention " called 
to  form  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States ;  was  appointed  by  Washington  a  Justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  in  1789,  which  position  he  held  until  1796, 
when  he  resigned ;  and  he  died  in  1800. 

CAMPBELL,  JOHN  ARCHIBALD. — Born  in  Washington  Wilkes  County,  Georgia,  June 
24,  1811, — his  grandfather  having  served  in  the  Revolution  as  Aide-de-camp  to  General 
Nathaniel  Greene.  He  graduated  at  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1826 ;  studied  law  and 
came  to  the  bar  in  Montgomery,  Alabama,  in  1830, — practising  the  profession  for 
many  years  with  success.  In  1853  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Pierce,  an  Associate 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  which  office  lie  resigned  in  1861, 
after  the  commencement  of  the  Rebellion.  He  Avas  opposed  to  the  Secession  of  Ala 
bama,  and  in  1864  did  all  in  his  power  to  bring  the  war  to  a  close ;  and  after  the  war  he 
resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  the  City  of  New  Orleans. 

CATRON,  JOHN.— He  was  born  in  Wythe  County,  Virginia,  in  1778 ;  received  a  com 
mon-school  education,  and  removed  to  Tennessee,  in  1812;  served  with  General  Jack 
son  in  the  New  Orleans  campaign;  studied  law,  and  soon  after  coming  to  the  bar  was 
appointed  Attorney  for  the  State;  in  1818  he  settled  in  Nashville,  and  obtained  a  high 
reputation  as  a  chancery  lawyer;  in  1824  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  State;  and  in  1837  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Van  Buren,  a 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  which  position  he  held  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  at  Nashville,  May  30,  1865. 

CURTIS,  BENJAMIN  ROBBINS.— He  was  born  in  Watertown,  Massachusetts,  November 
4,  1809 ;  graduated  at  Harvard  University,  in  1829 ;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1832 ;  and  has  been  closely  devoted  to  his  profession  ever  since ;  he  settled  in  Boston, 
and  served  two  years  in  the  State  Legislature  ;  and  in  1851  he  was  appointed,  by  Presi 
dent  Eillmore,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  which  he  resigned 
in  1857.  In  March,  1868,  he  acted  as  one  of  the  Counsel  for  President  Andrew  John- 
sou,  before  the  High  Court  of  Impeachment. 

CUSIIIXG,  WILLIAM. — He  was  born  in  1733;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1751 ;  in 
1772  he  became  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court^of  Massachusetts ;  in  1777  promoted  to 
Chief  Judge;  and  in  1789  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Washington,  a  Justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  in  which  position  he  continued  until  his  death  in 
1810.  In  1796  he  was  tendered  the  position  of  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  but 
declined  the  promotion.  He  received  from  Harvard  College  the  degree  of  LL.D. 

DANIEL,  PETER  VYVIAN.— He  was  born  in  Stafford  County,  Virginia,  in  1785; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1805 ;  studied  law  with  Edmund  Randolph,  and  came 
to  the  bar  in  1808;  was  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  1809  and  1810;  in  1812 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Privy  Council,  and  served  as  such  until  1835 ;  and  frequently 
as  Lieutenant-Governor;  was  tendered  the  office  of  Attorney-General  of  the  United 
States  by  President  Jackson,  but  declined  the  appointment;  in  1836  he  was  appointed 
Judge  of  the  United  States  District  Court  for  Virginia;  and  in  1840  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Van  Buren.,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  Died 
in  1860. 

DAVIS,  DAVID. — He  was  born  in  Cecil  County,  Maryland,  March  9,  1815;  graduated 
at  Kenyon  College,  Ohio,  in  1832;  studied  law  in  Massachusetts,  and  went  through  a 
iegal  course  at  the  Law  School  of  New  Haven;  in  1835  he  removed  to  Illinois,  and  was 
immediately  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  soon  afterwards  settled  in  Bloomington.  In  1844 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature;  in  1847  to  the  Convention  which  formed  the 
present  State  Constitution;  in  1848  he  was  elected  by  the  people  Judge  of  the  Eighth 
Judicial  Circuit  of  the  State ;  re-elected  in  1855  and  also  in  1861,  but,  before  completing 
Lis  last  term,  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  499 


Court  of  the  United  States.  He  was  for  many  years  the  intimate  friend  of  Abraham 
Lincoln,  rode  the  circuit  with  him  every  year,  and  he  was  a  Delegate  at  largo  to  the 
"  Chicago  Convention  "  of  I860,  which  nominated  Mr.  Lincoln  for  President.  Just 
before  entering  upon  his  duties  as  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  he  was  appointed  a 
visitor  to  the  West  Point  Academy. 

FIELD,  STEPHEN  J. — He  was  born  in  Haddam,  Connecticut,  November  4,  1816,  and 
his  father  was  David  Dudley  Field ;  while  yet  a  youth  he  travelled  in  Europe  and  the 
East;  graduated  at  Williams  College,  in  1837;  studied  law  in  New  York  City  with  his 
brother,  David  Dudley,  with  whom  he  formed  a  law  partnership;  in  1848  he  made  a 
second  visit  to  Europe;  towards  the  close  of  1849  he  went  to  California;  in  January, 
1850,  he  was  elected  First  Alcalde  of  the  city  of  Marysville,  and  continued  the  practice 
of  his  profession;  in  October  of  the  same  year  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature, 
where  he  took  a  leading  part  in  moulding  the  Judiciary  of  the  State;  in  1857  he  was 
elected  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  California  for  six  years,  and  was  elevated  to 
the  position  of  Chief  Justice ;  and  in  1863  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  a 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  In  the  discharge  of  his  official 
duties,  he  is  obliged  to  travel  annually  over  thirteen  thousand  miles.  He  is  a  brother 
of  Cyrus  W.  Field,  the  distinuished  projector  of  the  Atlantic  Telegraph. 

GRIER,  ROBERT  C. — He  was  born  in  Cumberland  County,  Pennsylvania,  March  5, 
1794;  graduated  at  Dickinson  College  in  1812;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1817,  practising  his  profession  in  Northumberland,  Columbia,  Lycoming,  Union,  and 
Seluiylkill  Counties;  was  appointed  President  Judge  of  Allegheny  County  in  1833, 
when  he  became  a  resident  of  Pittsburgh;  and  in  1840  he  was  appointed,  by  President 
Polk,  an  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  and  since  1848 
he  has  been  a  resident  of  Philadelphia. 

HARRISON,  ROBERT  H. — He  was  born  in  Maryland  in  1745 ;  served  with  honor  in  the 
War  for  Independence ;  studied  law  and  practised  the  profession  with  success ;  was 
chosen  Chief  Justice  of  the  General  Court  of  Maryland;  and  in  1789  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Washington,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  but 
soon  resigned  the  position.  Died  in  Charles  County,  Maryland,  April  2,  1700. 

JOHNSON,  WILLIAM. — He  was  born  in  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  December  27, 1771 ; 
graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1790 ;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1792 ;  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1794;  re-elected  and  made  Speaker;  was  subse 
quently  chosen  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  the  State ;  and  in  1804  he  was  ap 
pointed,  by  President  Jefferson,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States, 
which  he  held  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  New  York,  August  4,  1834,  from  the 
effects  of  a  surgical  operation.  In  1819  he  was  appointed  and  confirmed  as  Collector 
of  Charleston,  which  office  he  declined.  In  1822  he  published  "  The  Life  aud  Services 
of  Nathaniel  Greene,"  in  two  volumes. 

LIVINGSTON,  BROCKHOLST. — Born  in  1758;  graduated  at  Princeton  College  in  1774; 
served  with  Arnold  at  the  capture  of  Burgoyne  in  1779;  was  Private  Secretary  to  John 
Jay  during  his  mission  to  Spain;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1783;  in  1802  he 
became  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  York;  and  in  1806  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Jefferson,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  Died  iu 
1823. 

MILLER,  SAMUEL  F. — He  was  born  in  Richmond,  Kentucky,  April  5,  1S1G;  graduated 
at  the  University  of  Transylvania,  and,  after  taking  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine, 
practised  the  profession  a  few  years,  and  then  turned  his  attention  to  the  law;  having 
been  from  1848  in  favor  of  emancipation,  and,  though  generally  taking  no  part  in  pol 
itics,  the  course  of  public  affairs  caused  him  to  remove  from  the  State  in  1850,  when 
he  settled  in  Iowa  and  became  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  Republican  party  in  that 
State ;  desiring  no  local  or  State  offices,  and  declining  many  nominations,  he  attended 
wholly  to  his  profession;  and  in  1862  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Lincoln,  a  Justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States. 

MOORE,  ALFRED. — He  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  May  21,  1755;  educated  in  Bos 
ton,  where  he  acquired  a  love  and  a  knowledge  of  military  tactics;  iu  1775  he  joined 
the  Continental  troops  of  his  own  State  aud  rendered  important  services;  in  1790  he 
was  made  Attorney-General  of  his  State;  studied  law  aud  became  an  eminent  prac 
titioner  at  the  bar;  in  1798  he  was  made  a  State  Judge;  in  1799  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  Adams,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  and,  after  serv 
ing  as  such  for  six  years,  he  resigned  on  account  of  his  health.  Died  in  October,  1810 ; 
and  a  county  was  named  for  him  in  his  native  State. 


500  STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


NELSOX,  SAMUEL. — He  was  born  in  Hebron,  Washington  County,  New  York,  No 
vember  10,  1792,  of  Irish  descent;  graduated  at  Middlebury  College,  Vermont,  in 
1813 ;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  of  New  York  in  1817 ;  located  himself  in  Cort- 
land  County,  where  he  practised  his  profession  with  great  success ;  in  1820  he  was  a 
Presidential  Elector;  was  a  Delegate  to  the  "  State  Constitutional  Convention "  of 
1821;  during  the  same  year  was  appointed  Postmaster  of  Cortland  Village ;  in  1823 
he  was  made  a  Judge  of  the  Circuit  Court,  which  he  held  for  eight  years ;  in  1831  he 
was  appointed  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State ;  in  1837  he  was  made  Chief 
Justice  and  held  the  position  until  1845,  when  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Tyler,  a 
Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  In  1846  he  was  elected  a  Dele 
gate  to  the  "  State  Convention  "  of  that  year,  but  declined  to  serve.  He  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  from  Middlebury  College,  Columbia  College,  and  Geneva  College,  and 
a  sketch  of  his  career  was  published  in  the  "  Pioneers  of  Cortlaud  County,"  by  H.  C. 
Goodwin. 

SWAYNE,  NOAH  H. — [The  editor  very  much  regrets  that  a  sketch  of  this  gentleman, 
promised  to  him  more  than  a  year  ago,  was  not  received  in  time  for  the  present 
edition.] 

TAXEY,  ROGER  B.— He  was  born  in  Calvert  County,  Maryland,  March  17,  1777;  grad 
uated  at  Dickinson  College  in  1795;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1799;  in  1801 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Assembly  and  settled  at  Frederick;  subsequently  served 
four  years  in  the  State  Senate,  and  removed  to  Baltimore  in  1822;  in  1827  he  was 
chosen  Attorney-General  of  Maryland;  in  1831  he  was  appointed  Attorney-General  of 
the  United  States  in  President  Jackson's  Cabinet;  was  also  appointed  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury,  but  rejected  by  the  Senate;  was  appointed  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States,  but  again  rejected  by  the  Senate ;  and  in  1836  he  was  appointed, 
by  President  Jackson,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  in  the 
place  of  John  Marshall,  which  office  he  filled  with  acknowledged  ability  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  Washington  City,  October  12,  1864.  Some  of  his  decisions,  as  a 
Cabinet  officer  and  especially  as  Chief  Justice,  excited  great  interest  throughout  the 
country. 

THOMPSON,  SMITH. — Born  in  New  York  in  1767;  graduated  at  Nassau  Hill  in  1788; 
adopted  the  profession  of  law ;  in  1801  he  was  appointed  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  New  York;  in  1814  Chief  Justice  of  the  State,  which  he  held  until  1818,  when 
he  became  Secretary  of  the  Navy;  and  in  1823  he  was  appointed  a  Justice  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  the  United  States.  He  received  from  Princeton  and  Harvard  Colleges 
the  degree  of  LL.D.,  and  died  at  Poughkeepsie,  New  York,  December  18,  1843. 

TODD,  THOMAS. — Born  in  King  and  Queen  County,  Virginia,  January  23,  1765 ;  re 
ceived  a  good  education;  served  as  a  substitute  in  the  Revolutionary  War;  em 
igrated  to  Kentucky  in  1782;  became  a  tutor  in  the  house  of  a  friend,  studied  law,  and 
was  Clerk  of  the  Federal  Court  of  Kentucky  and  also  of  the  Court  of  Appeals ;  in  1801 
lie  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Appeals;  in  1806  promoted  to  Chief  Justice; 
and  in  1807  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Jefferson,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States.  Died  February  7,  1826. 

TRIMBLE,  ROBERT. — Born  in  Berkley  County,  Virginia,  in  1776 ;  received  a  good 
plain  education;  studied  law,  came  to  the  bar  in  1803,  and  settled  in  Kentucky; 
was  soon  afterwards  elected  to  the  State  Legislature ;  in  1808  he  was  chosen  Judge  of 
the  Court  of  Appeals,  but  soon  resigned  the  position;  in  1810  he  was  made  Chief  Jus 
tice  of  the  State ;  in  1813  District  Attorney  for  the  State;  in  1816  he  was  appointed 
Federal  Judge  of  Kentucky  by  President  Madison,  and  in  182G  he  was  appointed,  by 
President  J.  Q.  Adams,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  A  coun 
ty  was  named  for  him  in  Kentucky,  and  he  died  August  25,  1828. 

WASHINGTON,  BUSHROD. — Born  in  Westmoreland  County,  Virginia;  educated  at 
William  and  Mary  College ;  studied  law,  and,  on  coming  to  the  bar,  practised  in  his 
native  county;  in  1781  he  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Delegates ;  subsequently 
published  two  volumes  of  the  Decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Virginia;  and  in 
1798  he  was  appointed,  by  President  Adams,  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States.  Died  in  1829.  He  was  the  favorite  nephew  of  George  Washington, 
the  devisee  of  Mount  Vernon,  and  a  man  of  ability  and  high  character. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  5Q1 


CLERKS  OF  THE  SUPREME  COURT  OF  THE  UNITED 

STATES. 

JOHN  TUCKER,  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  February  3,  1790.    Resigned. 
SAMUEL  BAYARD,  of  Delaware,  appointed  August  1,  1791.    Resigned. 
ELIAS  B.  CALDWELL,  of  New  Jersey,  appointed  August  15,  1800.    Died. 
WILLIAM  GRIFFITH,  of  New  Jersey,  appointed  February  9,  1826.    Died. 
WILLIAM  T.  CARROLL,  District  of  Columbia,  appointed  January  20,  1827.     Died. 
T.  WESLEY  MIDDLETON,  District  of  Columbia,  appointed  in  1802.    Present  incun> 
Dent. 


REPORTERS  OF  DECISIONS  OF  THE  SUPREME  COURT. 

ALEXANDER  J.  DALLAS,  reported  from  1789  to  1800,  inclusive. 


WILLIAM  CKANCH, 
HENRY  WHEATON, 
RICHARD  PETERS,  JR., 
BENJAMIN  C.  HOWARD, 
JEREMIAH  S.  BLACK, 
JOHN  WILLIAM  WALLACE, 


1801  to  1815, 

1816  to  1827, 

1828  to  1842, 

1843  to  1862,         " 

1862  to  1864,         " 

1864.    Present  incumbent. 


MARSHALS  OF   THE  UNITED  STATES  ATTENDANT  ON 
THE  SUPREME  COURT. 

Under  the  construction  of  the  Judiciary  Act  of  1789,  the  Marshals  of  all  the  Districts 
were  required  to  attend  the  sessions  of  the  Supreme  Court,  until,  by  the  Act  of  June  9, 
1794,  the  Marshal  of  the  District  alone  in  which  the  Court  shall  sit  was  required  to  at 
tend  its  sessions. 

DAVID  LENOX,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Pennsylvania,  attended  from  January  28, 
1794,  to  February,  1801. 
DANIEL  CARROLL  BRENT,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  August 

3,  1801,  to  August,  1808. 

WASHINGTON  BOYD,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  February,  1, 
1808,  to  August,  1818. 

TENCH  RINGGOLD,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  November  30, 
1818,  to  August,  1831. 

HENKY  ASHTON,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  February  4, 
1831,  to  February,  1834. 

ALEXANDER  HUNTER,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  March  6, 
1834,  to  December,  1848. 

ROBERT  WALLACE,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  December  5, 
1848,  to  December,  1849. 

RICHARD  WALLACH,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  December 

4,  1849,  to  May,  1853. 

JONAH  D.  HOOVER,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  May  31,  1853, 
to  April,  1858. 

WILLIAM  SELDEN,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  April  1,  1858, 
to  1861. 

WARD  H.  LAMON,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  1861  to  June, 
1865. 

D.  S.  GOODING,  Marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  attended  from  June,  1865,  to 
April  3,  1867. 

RICHARD  C.  PARSONS,  Marshal  of  the  Supreme  Court,  appointed  April  3,  1867. 

[Court  meets  first  Monday  in  December,  at  Washington.] 


UNITED  STATES  COURT  OF  CLAIMS. 

Chief  Justice Joseph  Casey. 

Judge Edward  G.  Loring. 

Judge David  Wilmot. 

Judge Ebenezer  Peck. 

Jucljre C.  C.  Nott. 


502 


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Died  in  Paris,  December  2,  1864. 

Authorized,  jointly  with  William  Shaler  and 
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ty. 

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Remarks. 

In  1813  appointed,  jointly  with  John  Q. 
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Britain. 

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Secretary  of  the  Mission  Extraordinary  for 
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In  1836  appointed  with  full  power  to  treat 
with  Ecuador. 

Resigned  in  1860. 

ointed  in  1803,  jointly  with  Robert  R. 
ringston,  to  negotiate  with  France,  and 
th  Charles  Pinckney,  to  negotiate  with 

jam. 
1806  appointed,  jointly  with  William 
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STATISTICAL    HE  COEDS. 


Eemarks. 

Died  in  18G7,  while  in  office. 
In  1852  appointed,  with  R.  C.  Schenck,  to 
negotiate  treaties  with  Uruguay  and  Par- 

aguay. 
Authorized  to  negotiate  with  Paraguay,  etc. 

In  1838  authorized  to  negotiate  with 
Ecuador. 

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Appointed,  jointly  -with  Isaac  Chaancey,  to 
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oodside,  Jonathan 
orthington,  H.  G 
right,  Edward  H 
right,  John  C 
right,  Joseph  A.* 


0 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  523 


THE  DECLARATION  OF  INDEPENDENCE. 


PROCEEDINGS  IN  THE  CONGRESS  OF  THE  UNITED  COLONIES  RESPECTING  "  A  DECLARA 
TION  OF  INDEPENDENCE,  BY  THE  REPRESENTATIVES  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  OF 
AMERICA,  IN  CONGRESS  ASSEMBLED." 

SATURDAY,  JUNE  8,  1776. 

Resolved,  That  the  resolutions  respecting  independency  be  referred  to  a  Committee 
of  the  whole  Congress. 

The  Congress  then  resolved  itself  into  a  Committee  of  the  Whole ;  and,  after  some 
time,  the  President  resumed  the  chair,  and  Mr.  Harrison  reported,  that  the  Committee 
have  taken  into  consideration  the  matter  to  them  referred,  but,  not  having  come  to  any 
resolution  thereon,  directed  him  to  move  for  leave  to  sit  again  on  Monday. 

Resolved,  That  this  Congress  will,  on  Monday  next,  at  10  o'clock,  resolve  itself  into 
a  Committee  of  the  Whole,  to  take  into  further  consideration  the  resolutions  referred 
to  them. 

MONDAY,  JUNE  10,  1776. 

Agreeable  to  order,  the  Congress  resolved  itself  into  a  Committee  of  the  Whole,  to 
take  into  their  further  consideration  the  resolutions  to  them  referred;  and,  after  some 
time  spent  thereon,  the  President  resumed  the  chair,  and  Mr.  Harrison  reported  that 
the  Committee  have  had  under  consideration  the  matters  referred  to  them,  and  have 
come  to  a  resolution  thereon,  which  they  directed  him  to  report. 
The  resolution  agreed  to  in  Committee  of  the  Whole  being  read,  — 
Resolved,  That  the  consideration  of  the  first  resolution  be  postponed  to  Monday,  the 
first  day  of  July  next;  and  in  the  meanwhile,  that  no  time  be  lost,  incase  the  Congress 
agree  thereto,  that  a  Committee  be  appointed  to  prepare  a  declaration  to  the  effect  of 
the  said  first  resolution,  which  is  in  these  words:  "That  these  United  Colonies  are, 
and  of  right  ought  to  be,  free  and  independent  States ;  that  they  are  absolved  from  all 
allegiance  to  the  British  crown ;  and  that  all  political  connection  between  them  and  the 
State  of  Great  Britain  is,  and  ought  to  be,  totally  dissolved  " 

TUESDAY,  JUNE  11,  1776. 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  for  preparing  the  Declaration  consist  of  five.  The 
members  chosen,  Mr.  Jefferson,  Mr.  John  Adams,  Mr.  Franklin,  Mr.  Sherman,  and  Mr. 
R.  E.  Livingston. 

TUESDAY,  JUNE  25,  1776. 

A  declaration  of  the  Deputies  of  Pennsylvania,  met  in  Provincial  Conference,  was 
laid  before  Congress  and  read,  expressing  their  willingness  to  concur  in  a  vote  of  Con 
gress  declaring  the  United  Colonies  free  and  independent  States. 

FRIDAY,  JUNE  28,  1776. 

"Francis  Hopkinson,  one  of  the  Delegates  from  New  Jersey,  attended  and  produced 
the  credentials  of  their  appointment,"  containing  the  following  instructions  :  "  If  you 
shall  judge  it  necessary  or  expedient  for  this  purpose,  we  empower  you  to  join  in  de 
claring  the  United  Colonies  independent  of  Great  Britain,  entering  into  a  confederation 
for  union  and  common  defence,"  etc. 

MONDAY,  JULY  1,  1776. 

"A  resolution  of  the  Convention  of  Maryland,  passed  the  28th  of  June,  was  laid 
before  Congress  and  read,"  containing  the  following  instructions  to  their  deputies  in 
Congress  :  "  That  the  deputies  of  said  Colony,  or  any  three  or  more  of  them,  be  author 
ized  and  empowered  to  concur  with  the  other  United  Colonies,  or  a  majority  of  them, 


524  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


in  declaring  the  United  Colonies  free  and  independent  States ;  in  forming  such  further 
compact  and  confederation  between  them,"  etc. 

The  order  of  the  day  being  read : 

Resolved,  That  this  Congress  will  resolve  itself  into  a  Committee  of  the  Whole,  to 
take  into  consideration  the  resolution  respecting  independency. 

That  the  Declaration  be  referred  to  said  Committee. 

The  Congress  resolved  itself  into  a  Committee  of  the  Whole.  After  some  time  the 
President  resumed  the  chair,  and  Mr.  Harrison  reported  that  the  Committee  had  come 
to  a  resolution,  which  they  desired  him  to  report,  and  to  move  for  leave  to  sit  again. 

The  resolution  agreed  to  by  the  Committee  of  the  Whole  being  read,  the  determina 
tion  thereof  was,  at  the  request  of  a  Colony,  postponed  until  to-morrow. 

Resolved,  That  this  Congress  will,  to-morrow,  resolve  itself  into  a  Committee  of  the 
WJwle,  to  take  into  consideration  the  Declaration  respecting  independence. 

TUESDAY,  JULY  2,  1776. 

The  Congress  resumed  the  consideration  of  the  resolution  reported  from  the  Com 
mittee  of  the  Whole,  which  was  agreed  to  as  follows  :  — 

RESOLVED,  That  these  United  Colonies  are,  and  of  right  ought  to  be.  Free  and  Independ 
ent 'States;  that  they  are  absolved  from  all  allegiance  to  the  British  crown,  and  that  all 
political  connection  between  them  and  the  State  of  Great  Britain  is,  and  ought  to  be,  totally 
dissolved. 

Agreeable  to  the  order  of  the  day,  the  Congress  resolved  itself  into  a  Committee  of 
the  Whole ;  and,  after  some  time,  the  President  resumed  the  chair,  and  Mr.  Harrison 
reported  that  the  Committee  have  had  under  consideration  the  Declaration  to  them 
referred;  but  not  having  had  time  to  go  through  the  same,  desired  him  to  move  for 
leave  to  sit  again. 

Resolved,  That  this  Congress  will,  to-morrow,  again  resolve  itself  into  a  Committee 
of  the  Whole,  to  take  into  their  further  consideration  the  Declaration  respecting  inde 
pendence. 

WEDNESDAY,  JULY  3,  1776. 

Agreeable  to  the  order  of  the  day,  the  Congress  resolved  itself  into  a  Committee  of 
the  Whole,  to  take  into  their  further  consideration  the  Declaration ;  and,  after  some 
time,  the  President  resumed  the  chair,  and  Mr.  Harrison  reported  that  the  Committee, 
not  having  yet  gone  through  it,  desired  leave  to  sit  again. 

Resolved,  That  this  Congress  will,  to-morrow,  again  resolve  itself  into  a  Committee 
of  the  Whole,  to  take  into  their  further  consideration  the  Declaration  of  Independence, 

THURSDAY,  JULY  4,  1776. 

Agreeable  to  the  order  of  the  day,  the  Congress  resolved  itself  into  a  Committee  of 
the  Whole,  to  take  into  their  further  consideration  the  Declaration;  and,  after  some 
time,  the  President  resumed  the  chair,  and  Mr.  Harrison  reported  that  the  Committee 
had  agreed  to  a  Declaration,  which  they  desired  him  to  report. 

The  Declaration  being  read,  was  agreed  to  as  follows :  — 

A  DECLARATION  BY    THE    REPRESENTATIVES    OP    THE    UNITED    STATES    OF  AMERICA,  IN 

CONGRESS  ASSEMBLED. 

When,  In  the  course  of  human  events,  it  becomes  necessary  for  one  people  to  dissolve 
the  political  bands  which  have  connected  them  with  another,  and  to  assume,  among  the 
powers  of  the  earth,  the  separate  and  equal  station  to  which  the  laws  of  nature  and  of 
nature's  God  entitle  them,  a  decent  respect  to  the  opinions  of  mankind  requires  that 
they  should  declare  the  causes  which  impel  them  to  the  separation. 

We  hold  these  truths  to  be  self-evident,  that  all  men  are  created  equal ;  that  they  are 
endowed  by  their  Creator  with  certain  unalienable  rights ;  that  among  these  are  life, 
liberty,  and  the  pursuit  of  happiness.  That  to  secure  these  rights,  governments  are 
instituted  among  men,  deriving  their  just  powers  from  the  consent  of  the  governed ; 
that  whenever  any  form  of  government  becomes  destructive  of  these  ends,  it  is  the 
right  of  the  people  to  alter  or  to  abolish  it,  and  to  institute  a  new  government,  laying 
its  foundation  on  such  principles,  and  organizing  its  powers  in  such  /orm,  as  to  them 
shall  seem  most  likely  to  effect  their  safety  and  happiness.  Prudence,  indeed,  will 
dictate  that  governments  long  established,  should  not  be  changed  for  light  and  transient 
causes;  and  accordingly,  all  experience  hath  shown,  that  mankind  are  more  disposed 
to  suffer,  while  evils  are  sufferable,  than  to  right  themselves  by  abolishing  the  forms  to 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  525 


which  they  are  accustomed.  But  when  a  long  train  of  abuses  and  usurpations,  pursu 
ing  invariably  the  same  object,  evinces  a  design  to  reduce  them  under  absolute  despot 
ism,  it  is  their  right,  it  is  their  duty,  to  throw  off  such  government,  and  to  provide  new 
guards  for  their  future  security.  Such  has  been  the  patient  sufferance  of  these  Colonies, 
and  such  is  now  the  necessity  which  constrains  them  to  alter  their  former  systems  of 
government.  The  history  of  the  present  king  of  Great  Britain  is  a  history  of  repeated 
injuries  and  usurpations,  all  having,  in  direct  object,  the  establishment  of  an  absolute 
tyranny  over  these  States.  To  prove  this,  let  facts  be  submitted  to  a  candid  world :  — 

He  has  refused  his  assent  to  laws  the  most  wholesome  and  necessary  for  the  public 
good. 

He  has  forbidden  his  Governors  to  pass  laws  of  immediate  and  pressing  importance, 
unless  suspended  in  their  operation  till  his  assent  should  be  obtained;  and,  when  so  sus 
pended,  he  lias  utterly  neglected  to  attend  to  them. 

He  has  refused  to  pass  other  laws  for  the  accommodation  of  large  districts  of  people, 
unless  those  people  would  relinquish  the  right  of  representation  in  the  Legislature;  a 
right  inestimable  to  them,  and  formidable  to  tyrants  only. 

He  has  called  together  legislative  bodies  at  places  unusual,  uncomfortable,  and  dis 
tant  from  the  depository  of  their  public  records,  for  the  solepu.ipose  of  fatiguing  them 
into  compliance  with  his  measures. 

He  lias  dissolved  representative  houses  repeatedly,  for  opposing;  with  manly  firmness, 
liis  invasions  on  the  rights  of  the  people. 

He  has  refused,  for  a  long  time  after  such  dissolutions,  to  cause  others  to  be  elected; 
whereby  the  legislative  powers,  incapable  of  annihilation,  have  returned  to  the  people 
at  large  for  their  exercise ;  the  State  remaining,  in  the  mean  time,  exposed  to  all  the 
clanger  of  invasion  from  without,  and  convulsions  within. 

He  has  endeavored  to  prevent  the  population  of  these  States;  for  that  purpose, 
obstructing  the  laws  for  naturalization  of  foreigners;  refusing  to  pass  others  to 
encourage  "their  migration  hither,  and  raising  the  conditions  of  new  appropriations  of 
lands. 

He  has  obstructed  the  administration  of  justice,  by  refusing  his  assent  to  laws  for 
establishing  judiciary  powers. 

He  has  made  judges  dependent  on  his  will  alone,  for  the  tenure  of  their  offices,  and 
the  amount  and  payment  of  their  salaries. 

He  has  erected  a  multitude  of  new  offices,  and  sent  hither  swarms  of  officers  to  harass 
our  people  and  eat  out  their  substance. 

He  has  kept  among  us,  in  times  of  peace,  standing  armies,  without  the  consent  of 
our  legislature. 

He  'has  affected  to  render  the  military  independent  of,  and  superior  to,  the  civil 
power. 

He  has  combined,  with  others,  to  subject  us  to  a  jurisdiction  foreign  to  our  constitu 
tion,  and  unacknowledged  by  our  laws;  giving  his  assent  to  their  acts  of  pretended 
legislation. 

For  quartering  large  bodies  of  armed  troops  among  us  : 

For  protecting  them,  by  a  mock  trial,  from  punishment,  for  any  murders  which  they 
should  commit  on  the  inhabitants  of  these  States : 

For  cutting  off  our  trade  with  all  parts  of  the  world : 

For  imposing  taxes  on  us  without  our  consent : 

For  depriving  us,  in  many  cases,  of  the  benefits  of  trial  by  jury : 

For  transporting  us  beyond  seas  to  be  tried  for  pretended  offences  : 

For  abolishing  the  free  system  of  English  laws,  in  a  neighboring  province,  establish 
ing  therein  an  arbitrary  government,  and  enlarging  its  boundaries,  so  as  to  render  it  at 
once  an  example  and  fit  instrument  for  introducing  the  same  absolute  rule  into  these 
Colonies : 

For  taking  away  our  charters,  abolishing  our  most  valuable  laws,  and  altering, 
fundamentally,  the  powers  of  our  governments : 

For  suspending  our  own  legislatures,  and  declaring  themselves  invested  with  power 
to  legislate  for  us  in  all  cases  whatsoever. 

He  has  abdicated  government  here,  by  declaring  us  out  of  his  protection,  and  waging 
war  against  us. 

He  has  plundered  our  seas,  ravaged  our  coasts,  burnt  our  towns,  and  destroyed  the 
lives  of  our  people. 

He  is,  at  this  time,  transporting  large  armies  of  foreign  mercenaries  to  complete  the 
works  of  death,  desolation,  and  tyranny,  already  begun,  with  circumstances  of  cruelly 
and  perfidy  scarcely  paralleled  in  the  most  barbarous  ages,  and  totally  unworthy  the 
head  of  a  civilized  nation. 

He  has  constrained  our  fellow-citizens,  taken  captive  on  the  high  seas,  to  bear  arms 
against  their  country,  to  become  the  executioners  of  their  friends  and  brethren,  or  to 
fall  themselves  by  their  hands. 

He  has  excited  domestic  insurrections  among  us,  and  has  endeavored  to  bring  on  the 


526 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


inhabitants  of  our  frontiers,  the  merciless  Indian  savages,  whose  known  rule  of  war 
fare  is  an  undistinguished  destruction  of  all  ages,  sexes,  and  conditions. 

In  every  stage  of  these  oppressions,  we  have  petitioned  for  redress  in  the  most  hum 
ble  terms;  our  repeated  petitions  have  been  answered  only  by  repeated  injury.  A 
prince,  whose  character  is  thus  marked  by  every  act  which  may  define  a  tyrant,  is  unfit 
to  be  the  ruler  of  a  free  people. 

Nor  have  we  been  wanting  in  attention  to  our  British  brethren.  "We  have  warned 
them,  from  time  to  time,  of  attempts  made  by  their  legislature  to  extend  an  unwarrant 
able  jurisdiction  over  us.  We  have  reminded  them  of  the  circumstances  of  our  emigra 
tion  and  settlement  here.  We  have  appealed  to  their  native  justice  and  magnanimity, 
and  we  have  conjured  them,  by  the  ties  of  our  common  kindred,  to  disavow  these 
usurpations,  which  would  inevitably  interrupt  our  connections  and  correspondence. 
They,  too,  have  been  deaf  to  the  voice  of  justice  and  consanguinity.  We  must,  there 
fore,  acquiesce  in  the  necessity  which  demands  our  separation,  and  hold  them,  as  we 
hold  the  rest  of  mankind,  enemies  in  war,  in  peace  friends. 

We,  therefore,  the  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America,  in  General  Con 
gress  assembled,  appealing  t£>  the  Supreme  Judge  of  the  world  for  the  rectitude  of  our 
intentions,  do,  in  the  name  and  by  the  authority  of  the  good  people  of  these  Colonies, 
solemnly  publish  and  declare,  That  these  United  Colonies  are,  and,  of  right,  ought  to 
be,  free  and  independent  States;  that  they  are  absolved  from  all  allegiance  to  the  British 
crown,  and  that  all  politic"al  connection  between  them  and  the  State  of  Great  Britain  is, 
and  ought  to  be,  totally  dissolved;  and  that,  as  free  and  independent  States,  they  have 
full  power  to  levy  war,  conclude  peace,  contract  alliances,  establish  commerce,  and  to 
do  all  other  acts  and  things  which  independent  States  may  of  right  do.  And,  for  the 
support  of  this  Declaration,  with  a  firm  reliance  on  the  protection  of  Divine  Providence, 
we  mutually  pledge  to  each  other,  our  lives,  our  fortunes,  and  our  sacred  honor. 

JOHN  HANCOCK. 


Josiah  Bartlett, 


Samuel  Adams, 
John  Adams, 


Stephen  Hopkins, 


Eoger  Sherman, 
Samuel  Huntington, 


William  Floyd, 
Philip  Livingston, 


Richard  Stockton, 
John  Witherspoon, 


Robert  Harris, 
Benjamin  Rush, 
Benjamin  Franklin, 


Csesar  Rodney, 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
William  Whipple, 
MASSACHUSETTS  BAT. 
Robert  Treat  Paine, 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

William  Ellery. 

CONNECTICUT. 
William  Williams, 


Matthew  Thornton. 


Elbridge  Gerry. 


YORK. 
Francis  Lewis, 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Francis  Hopkinson, 
John  Hart, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

John  Morton, 
George  Clymer, 
James  Smith, 

DELAWARE. 
George  Read, 
MARYLAND. 


fa.jauel  Chase,  William  Paca, 

Charles  Carroll,  of  Carrollton, 


Oliver  Wolcott. 


Lewis  Morris. 


Abraham  Clark. 


George  Taylor, 
James  Wilson, 
George  Ross. 


Thomas  McKean. 


Thomas  Stone. 


STATISTICAL    EE COEDS.  527 


VIRGINIA. 

George  Wythe,  Benjamin  Harrison,  Francis  Lightfoot  Lee,' 

Richard  Henry  Lee,  Thomas  Nelson,  Jr.,  Carter  Braxton. 

Thomas  Jefferson, 

NORTH  CAROLINA 

William  Hooper,  Joseph  Hewes,  John  Perm. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Edward  Rutledge,  Thomas  Lynch,  Jr.,  Arthur  Middleton. 

Thomas  Heywood,  Jr., 

GEORGIA. 

Button  Gwinnett,  Lyman  Hall,  George  Walton. 

Resolved,  That  copies  of  the  Declaration  be  sent  to  the  several  assemblies,  conven 
tions,  and  committees,  or  councils  of  safety,  and  to  the  several  commanding  officers  of 
the  Continental  troops ;  that  it  be  proclaimed  in  each  of  the  United  States,  and  at  the 
head  of  the  army. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


SIGNERS   OF  THE   DECLARATION  OF  INDEPENDENCE, 
IN  CONGRESS  ASSEMBLED,  JULY  4,  1776. 

The  following  List  of  Members  of  the  Continental  Congress,  who  signed  the  Decla 
ration  of  Independence  (although  the  names  are  included  in  the  general  list  of  that 
Congress,  from  1774  to  1788),  is  given  separately,  for  the  purpose  of  showing  the 
places  and  dates  of  their  birth  and  the  time  of  their  respective  deaths,  for  convenient 
reference : — 


Names  of  the  signers. 

Born  at  — 

Delegated  from  — 

Died. 

Braintree,  Mass  Oct.     19  1735 

Massachusetts  .... 
Massachusetts  .... 
New  Hampshire.. 

July         4,  1820 
Oct.          2,  1803 
May        1'.),  1795 
Oct.        10,  1797 
Nov.        14,  1832 
June       10,  1811 
Sept.,           1794 
Jan.       23,  1813 
Feb.        15,  1820 
Aug.        4,  1821 
April      17,  1790 
Nov.       23,  1814 
May        27,  1777 
Feb.,            1700 
Oct.          8,  1793 
April,           1791 
1780 
March,         1809 
Nov.       10,  1779 
Oct.,             1790 
July        13,  1785 
May         9,  17!X) 
Jan.         5,  1790 
July         4,  1820 
April,           1797 
June       19,  1794 
Dec.       30,  1803 
June       12,  1773 
Lost  at  sea,  1779 
June      24,  1S17 
Jan          1,  1787 
Jan.       22,  1798 
May         8,  ISOfl 
April,           1777 
Jan.         4,  1789 
1799 
May       11,  1804 
Oct.        20,  1809 
1798 
1783 
Julv,             1779 
April      10,  1813 
Jan.       23,  1803 
July       23,  1793 
July       11,  1800 
Feb.       28,  17S1 
Oct.          5,  1787 
Feb.       23,  1781 
June       24,  1803 
Feb.         2,  1805 
Nov.       28,  1785 
Aug.        2,  1811 
Aug.       28,  1798 
Nov.        15,  1794 
Dec.          1,  1797 
June        8,  1800 

Boston,  Mass  Sept.  27,  1722 

Amesbury,  Mass  inNov.,    1729 
Newington,  Va  Sept.   10  17.'i(i 

Carroll,  Charles,  of  Carrollton 
Chase,  Samuel  
Clark,  Abraham  
Cl  ymer,  George  
Ellery,  William  
Floyd  William  

Annapolis,  Md  Sept.  20,  1737 
Somerset  Co.,  Md  April  17,  1741 
Elizabethtown,  N.  J..Feb.    15,  1720 
Philadelphia,  Pa  in              1739 
Newport,  11.  1  Dec.    22,  1727 
Suftblk  Co.,  N.  Y  Dec.    17,  1734 
Boston,  Mass  Jan.    17,  1700 

Maryland  

Pennsylvania  
R.  I.  and  Prov.  PI. 
New  York  

Pennsylvania  
Massachusetts  .... 
Georgia  

Marblehead,  Mass....  July    17,  1744 
England  in              1732 

Gwinnett,  Button  

Massachusetts  .... 
Virginia  
New  Jersey  

Berkeley,  Va  

Hopewell,  N.  J  about        1715 
St.  Luke's,  S.  C  in              1740 
Kingston,  N.J  in              1730 

Hart,  John  
Heyward,  Thomas,  Jr  
Hewes,  Joseph  

South  Carolina  .  .  . 
North  Carolina  .  .  . 
North  Carolina  .  .  . 
R.  I.  and  Prov.  PI. 

Hopkins,  Stephen  
Hopkinson,  Francis  
Huntington,  Samuel  
Jefferson,  Thomas  ,  

Scituate,  It.  I  March  7,  1707 
Philadelphia,  Pa  in              1737 
Windham,  Conn  July      3,  1732 
Shadwell,  Va  April  13,  1743 

Connecticut  

Stratford,  Va  Jan.    20,  1732 

Landaff,  Wales  in  Mar.,    1713 
Albany,  N.  Y  Jan.    15,1710 

New  York  

St.  George's,  S.  C....Aug.     5,  1749 
Chester  Co.,  Pa  Mar.    19,  1734 
Middleton  Place,  S.  C.in              1743 
Morrisania,  N.  Y  in              1720 
Lancashire,  Eng  Jan.,    1733-'4 
Ridley  Pa  in              1724 

South  Carolina  ... 

South  Carolina  .  .  . 
New  York  

Morris,  Lewis  

Pennsylvania  
Pennsylvania  

Nelson,  Thomas,  Jr  

York,  Va  Dec.    26,  1738 
Wye  Hill,  Md  Oct.     31,  1740 

Maryland  

Massachusetts  .... 
North  Carolina.  .  . 

Caroline  Co.,  Va  May    17,  1741 
Cecil  Co.  ,  Md  in              1734 
Dover,  Del  in              1730 
New  Castle,  Del  In              1730 
Byberry,  Pa  Dec.    24,1715 
Charleston,  S.  C  in  Nov.,    1749 
Newton   Mass  April  19,  17'*  1 

Read,  George  
Kodncy,  Caesar  

Delaware  

Pennsylvania  
Pennsylvania  
South  Carolina... 

Rush,  Benjamin,  M.D  
Rutleclgc,  Edward  

Smith,  James  
Stockton,  Hichard  
Stone,  Thomas  

Pennsylvania  
New  Jersey  

Princeton,  N.  J  Oct.       1,  1730 
Charles  Co.,  Md  in              1/42 
Ireland  in              1710 

Pennsylvania  
New  Hampshire.  . 

"Walton,  George  
Whipple,  William  
Willi'ims  William  . 

Frederick  Co.,  Va.  .  .  .in              1740 
Kittery,  Me  In              1730 

New  Hampshire.. 
Connecticut  
Pennsylvania  .  .  . 

Witherspoon,  John  
Wolcott  Oliver  

Yester,  Scotland  Feb.      5,1722 

Connecticut  
Virginia  

Wylhe,  George  

ElizabetnCityCo.,Va.in              1720 

STATISTICAL    EECORDS. 


529 


DELEGATES  TO  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS, 

FROM  1774  to  1778. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Bartlett,  Josiah, 1775-'79 

Blauchard,  Jonathaa 1783-'84 

Folsom,  Nathaniel 1774-75 

do 1777-'78 

do  1779-'80 

Foster,  Abiel 1783-'S5 

Frost,  George 1777-79 

Oilman,  John  Taylor 1782-'83 

Oilman,  Nicholas 1786-'88 

Langdon,  John 1775-77 

do 1786-87 

Langdon,  Woodbury 1779-'80 

Livermore,  Samuel 1780-'83 

do 1785-'86 

Long,  Pierce 1784-'86 

Peabody,  Nathaniel 1779-'80 

Sullivan,  John 1774-75 

do 1780-'81 

Thornton,  Matthew 1776-78 

Wentworth,  John,  Jr 1778-79 

Whipple,  William 1776-79 

White,  Phillips 1782-'83 

Wingate,  Paine 1787-88 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Adams,  John 1774-78 

Adams,  Samuel 1774-'82 

Cushing,  Thomas 1774-76 

Dana,  Francis 1776-78 

do  1784-84 

Dane,  Nathan 1785-'88 

Gerry,  Elbridge 1776-'81 

do 1782-'85 

Gorham,  Nathaniel 1782-'83 

do  1785-'87 

Hancock,  John 1775-'80 

do  1785-'86 

Higginson,  Stephen 1782-'83 

Holten,  Samuel 177S-'80 

do 1782-83 

do 1784-'85 

do 1786-'87 

Jackson,  Jonathan 1782-'82 

King,  Rufus 1784-87 

Lovell,  James 1776-'82 

Lowell,  John 1782-'83 

Osgood,  Samuel 1780-'84 

Otis,  Samuel  A 1787-'88 

Paine,  Robert  Treat 1774-78 

Partridge,  George 1779-'82 

do 1783-'85 

Sedgwick,  Theodore 1785-'88 

Sullivan,  James 1782-'82 

84 


Thacher,  George 1 787-'88 

Ward,  Artemas 1780-'81 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

Arnold,  Jonathan 1 782-'S4 

Arnold,  Peleg 17S7-'89 

Collins,  John 1778-83 

Cornell,  Ezekiel 1780-'83 

Ellery,  William 1776-'81 

do 1783-'85 

Hazard,  Jonathan  J 1787-'89 

Hopkins,  Stephen 1774-'80 

Howell,  David 1782-'85 

Manning,  James 1785-'86 

Marchaut,  Henry 1777-'80 

do 1783-'84: 

Miller,  Nathan 1783-'8G 

Mowry,  Daniel 17SO-'82 

Varuum,  James  M 1780-'82 

do 1786-'87 

Ward,  Samuel 1774-76 

CONNECTICUT. 

Adams,  Andrew  1777-'80 

do 1781-'82 

Cooke,  Joseph  P 1784-'88 

Deane,  Silas 1774-76 

Dyer,  Eliphalet 1774-7!) 

do 1780-'83 

Edwards,  Pierpont 1787-'88 

Ellsworth,  Oliver 1777-'84 

Hillhouse,  William 1783-'8G 

Hosmer,  Titus 1775-76 

do 1777-79 

Huntington,  Benjamin 1780-'84 

do 1787-88 

Huntington,  Samuel 1776-'84 

Johnson,  William  S 1784-'87 

Law,  Richard 1777-78 

do 1781-'84 

Mitchell,  Stephen  M 1783-'84 

do 1785-'88 

do 1787-'88 

Root,  Jesse 1778-'83 

Sherman,  Roger 1774-'84 

Spencer,  Joseph 1778-79 

Strong,  Jedecliah 1782-'84 

Sturges,  Jonathan 1785-'87 

Treaclwell,  John 1785-'86 

Trumbull,  Joseph 1774-75 

Wadsworth,  James 1783-'84 

do 1785-'86 

Wadsworth,  Jeremiah 1787-'88 

Williams,  William 1776-78 


530 


STATISTICAL    BECOEDS. 


Williams,  William 1783-'84 

Wolcott,  Oliver 1775-'78 

do 1780-'84 

NEW  YORK. 

Alsop,  John 1774-76 

Benson,  Egbert 1784-'85 

do 17S6-'S8 

Boeruin,  Simon 1774-77 

Clinton,  George 1775-'77 

De  Witt,  Charles 1783-'85 

Duane,  James 1774-'84 

Duer,  William 1777-'78 

Floyd,  William 1774-77 

do 1778-'S3 

Gansevoort,  Leonard 1787-'88 

Hamilton,  Alexander 1782-'83 

do 17S7-'8S 

Baring,  John 1774-75 

do 17S5-'8S 

Jay,  John 1774-77 

do 1778-79 

Lansing,  John 1784-'88 

Lawrance,  John 1785-'87 

Lewis,  Francis 1777-79 

Livingston,  Philip 1774-78 

Livingston,  Robert  R 1775-77 

do 1779-'81 

Livingston,  Walter 1784-'85 

Low,  Isaac 1774-75 

L'Hommeclieu,  Ezra 1779-'S3 

do . ' 1787-'S8 

Morris,  Gouverneur 1777-'80 

Morris,  Lewis 1775-77 

McDougall,  Alexander 1781-'82 

do 1784-'85 

Paine,  Ephraim 1784-'85 

Platt,  Zephaniah 1784-'86 

Schuyler,  Philip 1775-75 

do 1778-'81 

Scott,  John  Morin 1780-'83 

Smith,  Melancthon 1785-88 

Wisner,  Henry 1774-7G 

Yates,  Abraham,  Jr 17S7-'8S 

Yates,  Peter  W 1785-'87 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Beatty,  John 1783-'S5 

Boudlnot,  Elias 1777-78 

do 1781-'84 

Burnett,  W 1780-'81 

Cadwallader,  Lambert 1784-'87 

Clark,  Abraham 1776-'82 

do 1787-'88 

Condict,  Silas 1781-84 

Cooper,  John 1776-76 

Craae,  Stephen 1774-76 

Dayton,  Elias 1787-88 

De  Hart,  John 1774-76 

Dick,  Samuel • 1783-'84 

Elmer,  Jonathan 1776-78 

do 1781-'84 

do 1787-'88 

Fell,  John 177S-'80 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick 1778-79 

do 1782-'83 

Henderson,  Thomas 1 779-'80 

Hopkinton,  Francis 1776-77 


Hornblower,  Josiah    1785-'86 

Houston,  William  C » 1779-'82 

do 1784-'85 

Kinsey,  James 1774-75 

Livingston,  William 1774-7G 

Neilson,  John 1778-79 

Scheurman,  J 178G-'87 

Scudder,  Nathaniel 1777-79 

Sergeant,  Jonathan  D 1776-77 

Smith,  Richard 1774-76 

Stewart,  Archibald 1784-'85 

Stockton,  Richard 1776-77 

Symmes,  John  C 1785-'8G 

Witherspoon,  John 1776-'83 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Allen,  Andrew 1775-76 

Armstrong,  John 1778-'80 

do 1787-'88 

Atlee,  Samuel 1778-'82 

Bayard,  John 1785-'S7 

Biddle,  Edward 1774-7G 

do 1778-79 

Bingham,  William 1787-'88 

Clarkson,  Matthew 1785-'86 

Cliugan,  William 1777-79 

Clymer,  George 1776-78 

do 1780-'S3 

Dickinson,  John 1774-76 

Fitzsimmons,  Thomas 1782-'83 

Franklin,  Ben-jamin 1775-76 

Galloway,  Joseph 1774-75 

Gardner,  Joseph 1784-'85 

Hand,  Edward 1784-'85 

Henry,  William 1784-'86 

Humphreys,  Charles 1774-76 

Ingersoll,  Jared 1780-'81 

Irwine,  William 1786-'88 

Jackson,  David 1785-86 

Matlack,  Timothy 1780-'81 

McClene,  James 1778-'80 

Meredith,  Samuel 1787-'88 

Mifflin,  Thomas 1774-76 

do 1782-'84 

Morris,  Charles 1783-'S4 

Morris,  Robert 1776-78 

Montgomery,  Joseph 1780-'84 

Morton,  John 1774-77 

Muhlenberg,  Frederick  A 1778-'80 

Peters,  Richard 1782-'83 

Pettit,  Charles 1785-'87 

Read,  J 1787-'88 

Reed,  Joseph 1777-78 

Rhodes,  Samuel 1774-75 

Roberdeau,  Daniel 1777-79 

Ross,  George 1774-77 

Rush,  Benjamin 1776-77 

Searle,  James 177S-'80 

Shippen,  William 177S-'80 

Smith,  James 1776-78 

Smith,  Jonathan  B 1777-78 

Smith,  Thomas 1780-'S2 

St.  Clair,  Arthur 1785-'87 

Taylor,  George 1776-77 

Willing,  Thomas 1775-76 

Wilson,  James 1775-78 

do 1782-'S3 

do 1785-'87 

Wynkoop,  Henry 1779-'S3 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


531 


DELAWARE. 

Bedford,  Gunning 1783-'S5 

do ". 178G-'87 

Bedford,  Gunning,  Jr 1785-'86 

Dickiusoa  John 1776-77 

do 1779-'SO 

Dickinson,  Philemon 1782-'83 

Evans.  John 1776-'77 

Kearney,  Dy re 17S6-'88 

McComb,  Eleazer 178?-'84 

Mitchell,  Nathaniel 17S6-'S8 

McKean,  Thomas 1774-76 

do 1778-'83 

Patton,  John 1785-'86 

Pecry,  William 1785-'86 

Head,  George 1774-77 

Rodney,  Cajsar 1774-76 

do 1777-78 

do 1783-'84 

Eodney,  Thomas 1781-'83 

do 1785-'87 

Sykes,  James 1777-78 

Tilton,  James 1783-'85 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas 1777-'82 

Vining,  John 1784-'86 

Wharfon,  Samuel 1782-'83 

MARYLAND. 

Alexander,  Robert 1775-77 

Carmichael,  William 1778-'80 

Carroll,  Charles 1776-78 

Carroll,  Daniel 1780-'84 

Chase,  Jeremiah  T 1783-'84 

Chase,  Samuel 1774-78 

do 1784-'85 

Contee,  Benjamin 1787-'88 

Forbes,  James 1778-'80 

Forrest,  Uriah 1786-'87 

Goldsborough,  Robert 1774-75 

Hall,  John 1775-76 

do 1783-'S4 

Hanson,  John 1781-'83 

Harrison,  William 1785-'87 

Hemsley,  William 1782-'84 

Henry,  John 1778-'81 

do 1784-'87 

Hindman,  William 1784-'87 

Howard,  John  E 1787-'S8 

Jenifer,  I).,  of  St.  Thomas 1778-'82 

Johnson,  Thomas 1775-77 

Lee,  Thomas  Sim 1783-'84 

Lloyd,  Edward 1783-'84 

Martin,  Luther 1784-'85 

McHenry,  James 1783-?86 

Paca,  William 1774-79 

Plater,  George 1778-'81 

Potts,  Richard 1781-82 

Ramsay,  Nathaniel 1785-'87 

Ridgely,  Richard 1785-'86 

Rogers,  John 1775-76 

Ross,  David 1786-'87 

Rumsey,  Benjamin 1776-78 

Scott,  Gustavus 1784- '85 

Seney,  Joshua 1787-'S8 

Smith,  William 1777-78 

Stone,  Thomas 1775-79 

do 1784-'85 


Tilghman,  Matthew 1774-77 

Wright,  Turbett 1781-82 

VIRGINIA. 

Adams,  Thomas 1778-'80 

Banister,  John 1778-79 

Bland,  Richard 1774-76 

Bland,  Theodoric 1780-83 

Braxton,  Carter 1776-76 

Brown,  John l787-'88 

Carrington,  Edward 1785-'8<J 

Fitzhugh,  William 1779-'80 

Fleming,  William 1779-'8 1 

Grayson,  William 1784-'87 

Griffln,  Cyrus 1778  81 

do 1 78  "-'88 

Hardy,  Samuel 1783-'85 

Harrison,  Benjamin 1774-78 

Harvie,  John 1778-7!) 

Henry,  James 1780-81 

Henry,  Patrick 1774-76 

Jefl'erstm,  Thomas 1775-77 

do 1783-'85 

Jones,  Joseph 1777-78 

do 1780-83 

Lee,  Arthur. . .' 1781-'84 

Lee,  Francis  Lightfoot 1775-'80 

Lee,  Henry 1785-'88 

Lee,  Richard  Henry 1774-'80 

do 1784-87 

Madison,  James,  Jr 1780-'83 

do 1786-88 

Mercer,  James 1779-'80 

Mercer,  John  F 1782-85 

Monroe,  James 1783-'86 

Nelson,  Thomas 1775-77 

do 1779-'80 

Page,  Mann 1777-77 

Pendleton,  Edmund 1774-75 

Randolph,  Edmund 1779-'82 

Randolph,  Peyton 1774-75 

Smith,  Merewether 177S-'82 

Washington,  George 1774-75 

Wythe,  George 1775-77 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Ashe,  John  B 1787-'88 

Bloodworth,  Timothy 1786-'87 

Blount,  William .' 1782-'83 

do 1786-'87 

Burke,  Thomas 1777-'81 

Burton,  Robert 1787-'88 

Caswell,  Richard 1774-76 

Cumming,  William 1784-'84 

Harnett,  Cornelius 1777-'80 

Hawkins,  Benjamin 1781-'84 

do 1786-'87 

Hewes,  Joseph 1774-77 

do 1779-'80 

Hill,  Whitmill 1778-'81 

Hooper,  William 1774-77 

Johnston,  Samuel 1780-'82 

Jones,  Allen 1779-'80 

Jones,  Willie 1780-'81 

Nash,  Abner 1782-'84 

do 1785-'86 

Penn,  John 1775-76 


532 


STATISTICAL    RECOEDS. 


Penn,  John 1777-'80 

Sitgreaves.,  John 1784-'85 

Sharpe,  William 1779-'82 

Spaight,  Richard  D 1783-'85 

Swan,  John 1787-'88 

Williams,  John 1778-79 

Williamson,  Hugh 1782-'85 

do 1787-'88 

White,  Alexander 1786-'88 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Bee,  Thomas 1780-'82 

Beresford,  Richard 1783-'85 

Bull,  John 1784-87 

Cutler,  Pierce 1787-'88 

Drayton,  William  Henry 1778-79 

E veleigh,  Nicholas 1781-'82 

Gadsden,  Christopher 1774-76 

Gervais,  John  L 1782-'83 

Hey  ward,  Thomas,  Jr 1776-78 

linger,  Daniel 1786-'88 

Hutson,  Richard 1778-79 

Izard,  Ralph 1782-83 

Kean,  John 1785-'87 

Kinloch,  Francis 1780-'81 

Laurens,  Henry 1777-'80 

Lynch,  Thomas 1774-76 

Lynch,  Thomas,  Jr 1776-77 

Matthews,  John 1778-'82 

Middleton,  Arthur 1776-78 

do 1781-'83 

Middleton,  Henry 1774-76 

Motte,  Isaac 1780-'82 

Parker,  John 1786-'88 

Pinckney,  Charles 1777-'78 


Pinckney,  Charles 17S4-'87 

Ramsay,  David 1782-'84 

do 1785-'86 

Read,  Jacob 1783-'85 

Rutledge,  Edward 1774-77 

Rutledge,  John 1774-77 

do 1782-'83 

Trapier,  Paul 1777-78 

Tucker,  Thomas  T 1787-'88 

GEORGIA. 

Baldwin,  Abraham 1785-'88 

Brownson,  Nathan 1776-78 

Bullock,  Archibald 1775-76 

Clay,  Joseph 1778-'80 

Few,  William 1780-'82 

do 1785-78 

Gibbons,  William 1784-'86 

Gwinnett,  Button 1776-77 

Habersham,  Johu 1785-'86 

Hall,  Lyman 1775-79 

Houston,  John 1775-77 

Houston,  William 1784-'S7 

Howley,  Richard 1780-'81 

Jones,  Noble  Wimberly 1775-76 

do '. 1781-'83 

Langworthy,  Edward 1777-79 

Pierce,  W 1786-'S7 

Telfair,  Edward 1777-79 

do 1780-'83 

Walton,  George 1776-79 

do 1780-  '81 

Wood,  Joseph 1777-79 

Zubly,  John  J 1775-76 


STATISTICAL    BE  COEDS.  5;>3 

PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 

.  FROM  1774  TO  1788. 

. FROM.  ELTCCTED. 

Peyton  Randolph Virginia September  5,  1774. 

Henry  Micldletou South  Carolina October     22,  1774. 

Peyton  Randolph Virginia May  10,  1775. 

John  Hancock Massachusetts May  24,  1 775. 

Henry  Laureus South  Carolina November   1,  1777. 

John  Jay New  York December  10,  1778. 

Samuel  Huntington Connecticut September 28,  1779. 

Thomas  McKean Delaware July  10,  1781. 

John  Hanson Maryland November  5,  1781. 

Elias  Boudinot New  Jersey November  4,  1782. 

Thomas  Mifflin Pennsylvania November  3,  1783. 

Richard  Henry  Lee Virginia November  30,  1784. 

Nathaniel  Gorham Massachusetts June  6,  178G. 

Arthur  St  Clair Pennsylvania February     2,  1787. 

Cyrus  Griffin Virginia January     22,  1788. 

SESSIONS  OF  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 

The  sessions  of  the  Continental  Congress  were  commenced  as  follows :  — 

September  5,  1774,  also  May  10,  1775,  at  Philadelphia;  December  20,  1776,  at  Balti 
more  ;  March  4, 1777,  at  Philadelphia;  September  27,  1777,  at  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania; 
September  30,  1777,  at  York,  Pennsylvania;  July  2,  1778,  at  Philadelphia;  June  30, 
1783,  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey;  November  26,  1783,  at  Annapolis,  Maryland;  November 
1,  1784,  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey;  January  11,  1785,  at  New  York,  which,  from  that  time, 
continued  to  be  the  place  of  meeting  until  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States.  From  1781  to  1788  Congress  met  annually  on  the  first  Monday  in  November, 
pursuant  to  the  Articles  of  Confederation. 


534  STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


ARTICLES  OF  CONFEDERATION. 

TO   ALL  TO  WHOM   Til  BSE   PRESENTS    SHALL   COME,   WE,    THE    UNDERSIGNED,   DELEGATES 
OF  THE  STATES  AFFIXED  TO   OUR  NAMES,   SEND  GREETING  : 

Whereas  the  delegates  of  the  United  States  of  America  in  Congress  assembled  did, 
on  the  fifteenth  day  of  November,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  hundred, 
and  seventy-seven,  and  in  the  second  year  of  the  independence  of  America,  agree  to 
certain  articles  of  confederation  and  perpetual  Union  between  the  States  of  New  Hamp 
shire,  Massachusetts  Bay,  Rhode  Island  and  Providence  Plantations,  Connecticut,  New 
York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South 
Carolina,  and  Georgia,  in  the  words  following,  viz. : 

Articles  of  Confederation  and  perpetual  Union  between  the  States  of  New  Hampshire,  Massa 
chusetts  Bay,  llhode  Island  and  Providence  Plantations,  Connecticut,  New  York,  J\'ew 
Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delatcare,  Maryland,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina, 
and  (Georgia. 

ARTICLE  1.  The  style  of  this  confederacy  shall  be,  "  The  United  States  of  America." 
ART.  2.  Each  State  retains  its  sovereignt3r,  freedom,  and  independence,  and  every 
power,  jurisdiction,  and  right,  which  is  not  by  this  confederation  expressly  delegated 
to  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled. 

ART.  3.  The  said  States  hereby  severally  enter  into  a  firm  league  of  friendship  with 
each  other  for  their  common  defence,  the  security  of  their  liberties,  and  their  mutual 
and  general  welfare;  binding  themselves  to  assist  each  other  against  all  force  offered 
to,  or  attacks  made  upon  them,  or  any  of  them,  on  account  of  religion,  sovereignty, 
trade,  or  any  other  pretence  whatever. 

AUT.  4.  The  better  to  secure  and  perpetuate  mutual  friendship  and  intercourse  among 
the  people  of  the  different  States  in  this  Union,  the  free  inhabitants  of  eacli  of  these 
States,  paupers,  vagabonds,  and  fugitives  from  justice  excepted,  shall  be  entitled  to  all 
privileges  and  immunities  of  free  citizens  in  the  several  States;  and  the  people  of  each 
State  shall  have  free  ingress  and  regress  to  and  from  any  other  State,  and  shall  enjoy 
therein  all  the  privileges  of  trade  and  commerce,  subject  to  the  same  duties,  imposi 
tions,  and  restrictions,  as  the  inhabitants  thereof  respectively ;  provided  that  such  re 
strictions  shall  not  extend  so  far  as  to  prevent  the  removal  of  property  imported  into 
any  State  to  any  other  State,  of  which  the  owner  is  an  inhabitant;  provided  also,  that 
no  imposition,  duties,  or  restriction,  shall  be  laid  by  any  State  on  the  property  of  the 
United  States  or  either  of  them. 

If  any  person  guilty  of  or  charged  with  treason,  felony,  or  other  high  misdemeanor, 
in  any  State,  shall  flee  from  justice,  and  be  found  in  any  of  the  United  States,  he  shall, 
upon  demand  of  the  Governor  or  Executive  power  of  the  State  from  which  he  fled,  be 
delivered  up  and  removed  to  the  State  having  jurisdiction  of  his  offence. 

Full  faith  and  credit  shall  be  given  in  each  ot  these  States  to  the  records,  acts,  and 
judicial  proceedings  of  the  courts  and  magistrates  of  every  other  State. 

ART.  5.  For  the  more  convenient  management  of  the  general  interests  of  the  United 
States,  delegates  shall  be  annually  appointed  in  such  manner  as  the  Legislature  of  each 
State  shall  direct,  to  meet  in  Congress  on  the  first  Monday  in  November  in  every  yeai*, 
with  a  power  reserved  to  each  State  to  recall  its  delegates,  or  any  of  them,  at  any  time 
within  the  year,  and  to  send  others  in  their  stead  for  the  remainder  of  the  year. 

No  State  shall  be  represented  in  Congress  by  less  than  two,  nor  by  more  than  seven 
members ;  and  no  person  shall  be  capable  of  being  a  delegate  for  more  than  three  years 
in  any  term  of  six  years ;  nor  shall  any  person,  being  a  delegate,  be  capable  of  holding 
any  office  under  the  United  States,  for  which  he,  or  another  for  his  benefit,  receives  any 
salary,  fees,  or  emoluments  of  any  kind. 

Each  State  shall  maintain  its  own  delegates  in  a  meeting  of  the  States,  and  while 
they  act  as  members  of  the  committee  of  the  States. 

In  determining  questions  in  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled,  each  State 
shall  have  one  vote. 

Freedom  of  speech  and  debate  in  Congress  shall  not  be  impeached  or  questioned  in 
any  court  or  place  out  of  Congress ;  and  the  members  of  Congress  shall  be  protected  in 
their  persons  from  arrests  and  imprisonments  during  the  time  of  their  going  to  and 
from  and  attendance  on  Congress,  except'  for  treason,  felony,  or  breach  of  the  peace. 

AUT.  G.  No  State,  without  the  consent  of  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled, 
shall  send  any  embassy  to,  or  receive  any  embassy  from,  or  enter  into  any  conference, 
agreement,  alliance,  or  treaty,  with  any  king,  prince,  or  state;  nor  shall  any  person 
holding  any  office  of  profit  or  trust  under  the  United  States,  or  any  of  them,  accept  of 


STATISTICAL    EEQORDS.  535 


any  present,  emolument,  office,  or  title  of  any  kind  whatever,  from  any  king,  prince,  or 
foreign  state;  nor  shall  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled,  or  any  of  them,  grant 
any  title  of  nobility. 

No  two  or  more  States  shall  enter  Into  any  treaty,  confederation,  or  alliance  what 
ever,  between  them,  without  the  consent  of  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled, 
specifying  accurately  the  purposes  for  which  the  same  is  to  be  entered  into  and  how 
long  it  shall  continue. 

No  State  shall  lay  any  imposts  or  duties  which  may  interfere  with  any  stipulations 
in  treaties  entered  into  by  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled,  with  any  king, 
prince,  or  state,  in  pursuance  of  any  treaties  already  proposed  by  Congress  to  tho 
courts  of  France  and  Spain. 

No  vessel-of-war  shall  be  kept  up  in  time  of  peace  by  any  State,  except  such  number 
only  as  shall  be  deemed  necessary  by  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled  for  tho 
defence  of  such  State  or  its  trade;  nor  shall  any  body  of  forces  be  kept  up  by  any  State 
in  time  of  peace  except  such  number  only  as  in  the  judgment  of  tue  United  States  in 
Congress  assembled,  shall  be  deemed  requisite  to  garrison  the  forts  necessary  for  the 
defence  of  such  State;  but  every  State  shall  always  keep  up  a  well-regulated  and  disci 
plined  militia,  sufficiently  armed  and  accoutred,  and  shall  provide  and  have  constantly 
ready  for  use,  in  public  stores,  a  due  number  of  field-pieces  and  tents,  and  a  proper 
quantity  of  arms,  ammunition,  and  camp  equipage. 

No  Stale  shall  engage  in  an}-  war  without  the  consent  of  the  United  States  in  Con 
gress  assembled,  unless  such  State  be  actually  invaded  by  enemies,  or  shall  have  re 
ceived  certain  advice  of  a  resolution  being  formed  by  some  nation  of  Indians  to  invade 
such  State,  and  the  danger  is  so  imminent  as  not  to  admit  of  a  delay  till  the  United 
States  in  Congress  assembled  can  be  consulted ;  nor  shall  any  State  grant  commissions 
to  auy  ships  or  vessels-of-war,  nor  letters  of  marque  or  reprisal,  except  it  be  after  a 
declaration  of  war  by  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled,  and  then  only  against 
the  kingdom  or  State  and  the  subjects  thereof,  against  which  war  has  been  so  declared, 
and  under  such  regulations  as  shall  be  established  by  the  United  States  in  Congress 
assembled,  unless  such  State  be  infested  by  pirates,  in  which  case  vessels-of-war  may 
be  fitted  out  for  that  occasion,  and  kept  so  long  as  the  danger  shall  continue,  or  until 
the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled  shall  determine  otherwise. 

ART.  7.  When  land  forces  are  raised  by  any  State  for  the  common  defence,  all  officers 
of  or  under  the  rank  of  colonel,  shall  be  appointed  by  the  legislature  of  each  State 
respectively,  by  whom  such  forces  shall  be  raised,  or  in  such  manner  as  such  State  shall 
direct,  and  all  vacancies  shall  be  filled  up  by  the  State  which  first  made  the  appointment. 

ART.  8.  All  charges  of  war,  and  all  other  expenses  that  shall  be  incurred  for  the  com 
mon  defence  or  general  welfare,  and  allowed  by  the  United  States  in  Congress  assem 
bled,  shall  be  defrayed  out  of  a  common  treasury,  which  shall  be  supplied  by  the  several 
States  in  proportion  to  the  value  of  all  land  within  each  State  granted  to  or  surveyed 
for  any  person,  as  such  land  and  the  buildings  and  improvements  thereon  shall  be  esti 
mated  according  to  such  mode  as  the  United  States  iu  Congress  assembled  shall  from 
time  to  time  direct  and  appoint. 

The  taxes  for  paying  that  proportion  shall  be  laid  and  levied  by  the  authority  and 
direction  of  the  legislatures  of  the  several  States,  within  the  time  agreed  upon  by  the 
United  States  in  Congress  assembled. 

ART.  9.  The  United  States  in  Congress  assembled  shall  have  the  sole  and  exclusive 
rig'it  and  power  of  determining  on  peace  and  war,  except  in  the  cases  mentioned  in  the 
sixth  article — of  sending  and  receiving  ambassadors — entering  into  treaties  and  alli 
ances;  provided,  that  no  treaty  of  commerce  shall  be  made  whereby  the  legislative 
power  of  the  respective  States  shall  be  restrained  from  imposing  such  imposts  and 
duties  on  foreigners  as  their  own  people  are  subjected  to,  or  from  prohibiting  the  ex 
portation  or  importation  of  any  species  of  goods  or  commodities  whatsoever — of  estab 
lishing  rules  for  deciding  in  all  cases  what  captures  on  land  or  water  shall  be  legal,  and 
in  what  manner  prizes  taken  by  land  or  naval  forces  in  the  service  of  the  United  States 
shall  be  divided  or  appropriated — of  granting  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal  in  times  of 
peace — appointing  courts  for  the  trial  of  piracies  and  felonies  committed  on  the  high 
seas,  and  establishing  courts  for  receiving  and  determining  finally  appeals  in  all  cases 
of  captures :  provided,  that  no  member  of  Congress  shall  be  appointed  a  judge  of  any 
of  the  said  courts. 

The  United  States  in  Congress  assembled  shall  also  be  the  last  resort  on  appeal  in 
all  disputes  and  differences  now  subsisting  or  that  hereafter  may  arise  between  two  or 
more  States  concerning  boundary,  jurisdiction,  or  any  other  cause  whatever;  which 
authority  shall  always  be  exercised  in  the  manner  following :  whenever  the  legislative 
or  executive  authority  or  lawful  agent  of  any  State  in  controversy  with  another  shall 
present  a  petition  to  Congress,  stating  the  matter  in  question,  and  praying  for  a  hear 
ing,  notice  thereof  shall  be  given  by  order  of  Congress  to  the  legislative  or  executive 
authority  of  the  other  State  in  controversy,  and  a  day  assigned  for  the  appearance  of 
the  parties,  by  their  lawful  agents,  who  shall  then  be  directed  to  appoint  by  joint  con 
sent  commissioners  or  judges  to  constitute  a  court  for  hearing  and  determining  the 


536  STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


matter  in  question;  but  if  they  cannot  agree,  Congress  shall  name  three  persons  out 
of  each  of  the  United  States,  and  from  the  list  of  such  persons  each  party  shall  alter 
nately  strike  out  one,  the  petitioners  beginning,  until  the  number  shall  be  reduced  to 
thirteen ;  and  from  that  number  not  less  than  seven  nor  more  than  nine  names,  as  Con 
gress  shall  direct,  shall,  in  the  presence  of  Congress,  be  drawn  out  by  lot;  and  the  per 
sons  whose  names  shall  be  so  drawn,  or  any  live  of  them,  sliall  be  commissioners  or 
judges,  to  hear  and  finally  determine  the  controversy,  so  always  as  a  major  part  of  the 
judges,  who  shall  hear  the  cause,  shall  agree  in  the  determination  ;  and  if  either  party 
shall  neglect  to  attend  at  the  day  appointed,  without  showing  reasons  which  Congress 
shall  judge  suiilcient,or  being  present  shall  refuse  to  strike,  the  Congress  shall  proceed 
to  nominate  three  persons  out  of  each  State,  and  the  secretary  of  Congress  shall  strike 
in  behalf  of  such  party  absent  or  refusing;  and  the  judgment  and  sentence  of  the  court, 
to  be  appointed  in  the  manner  before  prescribed,  shall  be  final  and  conclusive ;  and  if  any 
of  the  parties  shall  refuse  to  submit  to  the  authority  of  such  court,  or  to  appear,  or  de 
fend  their  claim  or  cause,  the  court  shall  nevertheless  proceed  to  pronounce  sentence 
or  judgment,  which  shall  in  like  manner  be  final  and  decisive,  the  judgment  or  sentence 
and  other  proceedings  being  in  either  case  transmitted  to  Congress,  and  lodged  among 
the  acts  of  Congress  for  the  security  of  the  parties  concerned :  provided,  that  every 
commissioner,  before  he  sits  in  judgment,  sliall  take  an  oath,  to  be  administered  by  one 
of  the  judges  of  the  supreme  or  superior  court  of  the  State,  where  the  cause  shall  be 
tried,  "  well  and  truly  to  hear  and  determine  the  matter  in  question,  according  to  the 
best  of  his  judgment,  without  favor,  affection,  or  hope  of  reward:"  provided,  also,  that 
110  State  shall  be  deprived  of  territory  for  the  beneh't  of  the  United  States. 

All  controversies  concerning  the  private  right  of  soil,  claimed  under  different  grants 
of  two  or  more  States,  whose  jurisdiction  as  they  may  respect  such  lands  and  the  ^States 
which  passed  such  grants  are  adjusted,  the  said  grants  or  either  of  them  being  at  the 
same  time  claimed  to  have  originated  antecedent  to  such  settlement  of  jurisdiction, 
shall,  on  the  petition  of  either  party  to  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  be  finally 
determined,  as  near  as  may  be,  in  the  same  manner  as  is  before  prescribed  for  deciding 
disputes  respecting  territorial  jurisdiction  between  different  States. 

The  United  States  in  Congress  assembled  shall  also  have  the  sole  and  exclusive  right 
and  power  of  regulating  the  alloy  and  value  of  coin  struck  by  their  own  authority,  or 
by  that  of  the  respective  States — fixing  the  standard  of  weights  and  measures  through 
out  the  United  States — regulating  the  trade  and  managing  all  affairs  with  the  Indians 
not  members  of  any  of  the  States :  provided  that  the  legislative  right  of  any  State 
within  its  own  limits  be  not  infringed  or  violated — establishing  and  regulating  post-of 
fices  from  one  State  to  another  throughout  all  the  United  States,  and  exacting  such 
postage  on  the  papers  passing  through  the  same,  as  may  be  requisite  to  defray  the  ex 
penses  of  the  said  office — appointing  all  officers  of  the  land  forces  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States  excepting  regimental  officers — appointing  all  the  officers  of  the  naval 
forces,  and  commissioning  all  officers  whatever  in  the  service  of  the  United  States — 
making  rules  for  the  government  and  regulation  of  the  said  land  and  naval  forces,  and 
directing  their  operations. 

The  United  States  in  Congress  assembled  shall  have  authority  to  appoint  a  committee 
to  sit  in  the  recess  of  Congress,  to  be  denominated  "  a  committee  of  the  States,"  and 
to  consist  of  one  delegate  from  each  State;  and  to  appoint  such  other  committees  and 
civil  officers  as  may  be  necessary  for  managing  the  general  affairs  of  the  United  States, 
under  their  direction — to  appoint  one  of  their  number  to  preside,  provided  that  no  per 
son  be  allowed  to  serve  in  the  office  of  president  more  than  one  year  in  any  term  of 
three  years — to  ascertain  the  necessary  sums  of  money  to  be  raised  for  the  service  of 
the  United  States,  and  to  appropriate  and  apply  the  same  for  defraying  the  public  ex 
penses—to  borrow  money  or  emit  bills  on  the  credit  of  the  United  States,  transmitting 
every  half  year  to  the  respective  States  an  account  of  the  sums  of  money  so  borrowed 
or  emitted — to  build  and  equip  a  navy — to  agree  upon  the  number  of  land  forces,  and 
to  make  requisitions  from  each  State  for  its  quota,  in  proportion  to  the  number  of 
white  inhabitants  in  such  State ;  which  requisition  shall  be  binding,  and  thereupon  the 
legislature  of  each  State  shall  appoint  the  regimental  officers,  raise  the  men,  and  clothe, 
arm,  and  equip  them,  in  a  soldier-like  manner,  at  the  expense  of  the  United  States ;  and 
the  officers  and  men  so  clothed,  armed,  and  equipped,  shall  march  to  the  place  appoint 
ed,  and  within  the  time  agreed  on  by  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled :  but  if 
the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled,  shall,  on  consideration  of  circumstances, 
judge  proper  that  any  State  should  not  raise  men  or  should  raise  a  smaller  number  than 
its  quota,  and  that  any  other  State  should  raise  a  greater  number  of  men  than  the  quota 
thereof,  such  extra  number  shall  be  raised,  officered,  clothed,  armed,  and  equipped,  in 
the  same  manner  as  the  quota  of  such  State,  unless  the  legislature  of  such  State  shall 
judge  that  such  extra  number  cannot  safely  be  spared  out  of  the  same ;  in  which  case 
they  shall  raise,  officer,  clothe,  arm,  and  equip,  as  many  of  such  extra  number  as  they 
judge  can  be  safely  spared.  And  the  officers  and  men  so  clothed,  armed,  and  equipped, 
shall  march  to  the  place  appointed,  and  within  the  time  agreed  on  by  the  United  States 
in  Congress  assembled. 


STATISTICAL    KECOBDS.  537 


The  United  States  in  Congress  assembled  shall  never  engage  in  a  war,  nor*  grant 
letters  of  marque  and  reprisal  iu  time  of  peace,  nor  enter  into  any  treaties  or  alliances, 
nor  coin  money,  nor  regulate  the  value  thereof,  nor  ascertain  the  sums  and  expenses 
necessary  for  the  defence  and  welfare  of  the  United  States  or  any  of  them,  nor  emit  bills, 
nor  borrow  money  on  the  credit  of  the  United  States,  nor  appropriate  money,  nor  agree 
upon  the  number  of  vessels-of-war  to  be  built  or  purchased,  or  the  number  of  land  or 
sea  forces  to  be  raised,  nor  appoint  a  commander-in-chief  of  the  army  and  navy,  unless 
nine  States  assent  to  the  same;  nor  shall  a  question  on  any  other  point,  except  for 
adjourning  from  day  to  clay,  be  determined,  unless  by  the  votes  of  a  majority  of  the 
United  States  in  Congress  assembled. 

The  Congress  of  the  United  States  shall  have  power  to  adjourn  to  any  time  within  the 
year,  and  to  anyplace  within  the  United  States,  so  that  no  period  of  adjournment  be  for 
a  longer  duration  than  the  space  of  six  months;  and  shall  publish  the  journal  of  their 
proceedings  monthly,  except  such  parts  thereof  relating  to  treaties,  alliances,  or  military 
operations,  as  in  their  judgment  require  secrecy  ;  and  the  yeas  and  nays  of  the  delegates 
of  each  State  on  any  question  shall  be  entered  on  the  journal,  when  it  is  desired  by  any 
delegate  ;  and  the  delegates  of  a  State,  or  any  of  them,  at  his  or  their  request,  shall  be 
furnished  with  a  transcript  of  the  said  journal,  except  such  parts  as  are  above  excepted, 
to  lay  before  the  legislatures  of  the  several  States. 

ART.  10.  The  committee  of  the  State^,  or  any  nine  of  them,  shall  be  authorized  to 
execute,  iu  the  recess  of  Congress,  such  of  the  powers  of  Congress  as  the  United  States 
in  Congress  assembled,  by  the  consent  of  nine  States,  shall  from  time  to  time  think 
expedient  to  vest  them  with  ;  provided  that  no  power  be  delegated  to  the  said  committee, 
for  the'exercise  of  which,  by  the  articles  of  confederation,  the  voice  of  nine  States  iu 
the  Congress  of  the  United  States  assembled  is  requisite. 

AUT.  11.  Canada,  acceding  to  this  confederation,  and  joining  in  the  measures  of  the 
United  States,  shall  be  admitted  into,  and  entitled  to,  all  the  advantages  of  this  Union  ; 
but  no  other  colony  shall  be  admitted  into  the  same  unless  such  admission  be  agreed  to  . 
by  nine  States. 

AUT.  12.  All  bills  of  credit  emitted,  moneys  borrowed,  and  debts  contracted,  by  or 
under  the  authority  of  Congress,  before  the  assembling  of  the  United  States,  in  pursu 
ance  of  the  present  confederation,  shall  be  deemed  and  considered  as  a  charge  against 
the  United  States,  for  payment  and  satisfaction  whereof  the  said  United  States  and  the 
public  faith  are  hereby  solemnly  pledged. 

ART.  13.  Every  State  shall  abide  by  the  decision  of  the  United  States,  in  Congress 
assembled,  on  all  questions  which,  by  this  confederation,  are  submitted  to  them.  And 
the  articles  of  this  confederation  shall  be  inviolably  observed  by  every  State,  and  the 
Union  shall  be  perpetual  ;  nor  shall  any  alteration  at  any  time  hereafter  be  made  in 
any  of  them,  unless  such  alteration  be  agreed  to  in  a  Congress  of  the  United  States, 
and  be  afterward  confirmed  by  the  legislature  of  every  State. 

And  whereas  it  has  pleased  the  great  Governor  of  the  world  to  incline  the  hearts  of  the 
legislatures  we  respectively  represent  in  Congress,  to  approve  of  and  to  authorize  us  to 
ratify  the  said  articles  of  confederation  and  perpetual  Union;  know  ye,  that  we,  the 
undesigned  delegates,  by  virtue  of  the  power  and  authority  to  us  given  for  that  purpose, 
do,  by  these  presents,  iu  the  name  and  in  behalf  of  our  respective  constituents,  fully 
and  entirely  ratify  and  confirm  each  and  every  of  the  said  articles  of  confederation  and 
perpetual  Union,  and  all  and  singular  the  matters  and  things  therein  contained  ;  and  we 
do  further  solemnly  pledge  and  engage  the  faith  of  our  respective  constituents,  that  they 
shall  abide  by  the  determinations  of  the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled,  on  ail 
questions  which,  by  the  said  confederation,  are  submitted  to  them  ;  and  that  the  articles 
thereof  shall  be  inviolably  observed  by  the  States  we  respectively  represent;  and  that 
the  Union  be  perpetual. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  have  hereunto  set  our  hands,  in  Congress.  Done  at  Philadel 
phia,  in  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  the  ninth  clay  of  July,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  seventy-eight,  and  in  the  third  year  of  the  independence 
of  America. 


HAMPSHIRE.  ERODE  ISLAND. 

Josiah  Bartlett,  William  Ellery, 

John  Weutworth,  Jr.  Henry  Marchaut, 

John  Collins. 

MASSACHUSETTS  BAY.  \ 

John  Hancock,  CONNECTICUT. 

Samuel  Adams,  Roger  Sherman, 

Elbridge  Gerry,  Samuel  Huntingtou, 

Francis  Dana,  Oliver  Wolcott, 

James  Lovell,  Titus  Hosmer, 

Samuel  Holton.  Andrew  Adams. 


538 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


NEW  YORK. 
James  Duane, 
Francis  Lewis, 
William  Duer, 
Gouverneur  Morris. 

NEW  JERSEY. 
John  Witherspoon, 
Nath.  Scudder. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 
Robert  Morris, 
Daniel  Roberdeau, 
Jonathan  Bayard  Smith, 
William  Clingan, 
Joseph  Reed. 

DELAWARE. 
Thomas  McKean, 
John  Dickinson, 
Nicholas  Van  Dyke. 

MARYLAND. 
John  Hanson, 
Daniel  Carroll. 


VIRGINIA. 

Richard  Henry  Lee, 
John  Banister, 
Thomas  Adams, 
John  Hawie, 
Fraitcis  Lightfoot  Lee. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 
John  Penn, 
Cornelius  Harnett, 
John  Williams. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
Henry  Laurens, 
William  Henry  Drayton, 
John  Matthews, 
Richard  Hutson, 
Thomas  Hey  ward,  Jr. 

•  GEORGIA. 

George  Walton, 
Edward  Telfair, 
Edward  Langworthy. 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  539 


CONSTITUTION 


OF   THE 


UNITED  STATES   OF   AMERICA. 


[CAREFULLY  COMPARED  WITH  THE  ORIGINAL.] 

WE,  the  People  of  the  Uuited  States,  in  order  to  form  a  more  perfect  Union,  establish 
justice,  insure  domestic  tranquillity,  provide  for  the  common  defence,  promote  the 
general  welfare,  and  secure  the  blessings  of  liberty  to  ourselves  and  our  posterity, 
do  ordain  and  establish  this  CONSTITUTION  for  the  United  States  of  America. 

ARTICLE  1. 

SECTION  1.  All  legislative  powers  herein  granted  shall  be  vested  in  a  Congress  .of 
the  United  States,  which  shall  consist  of  a  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives. 

SECT.  2.  The  House  of  Representatives  shall  be  composed  of  members  chosen  every 
second  year  by  the  people  of  the  several  States,  and  the  electors  in  each  State  shall 
have  the  qualifications  requisite  for  electors  of  the  most  numerous  branch  of  the  State 
Legislature. 

No  person  shall  be  a  Representative  who  shall  not  have  attained  to  the  age  of  twen 
ty-five  years,  and  been  seven  years  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  who  shall  not, 
when  elected,  be  an  inhabitant  of  that  State  in  which  he  shall  be  chosen. 

Representatives  and  direct  taxes  shall  be  apportioned  among  the  several  States  which 
may  be  included  within  this  Union,  according  to  their  respective  numbers,  which  shall 
be  "determined  by  adding  to  the  whole  number  of  free  persons,  including  those  bound 
to  service  for  a  term  of  years,  and  excluding  Indians  not  taxed,  three-fifths  of  all  other 
persons.  The  actual  enumeration  shall  be  made  within  three  years  after  the  first  meet 
ing  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  and  within  every  subsequent  term  of  ten 
years,  in  such  a  manner  as  they  shall  by  law  direct.  The  number  of  Representatives 
shall  not  exceed  one  for  every  thirty  thousand,  but  each  State  shall  have  at  least  one 
Representative;  and  until  such  enumeration  shall  be  made,  the  State  of  New  Hamp*- 
shire  shall  be  entitled  to  choose  three,  Massachusetts  eight,  Rhode  Island  and  Provi 
dence  Plantations  one,  Connecticut  five,  New  York  six,  New  Jersey  four,  Pennsylvania 
eight,  Delaware  one,  Maryland  six,  Virginia  ten,  North  Carolina  five,  South  Carolina 
five,  and  Georgia  three. 

When  vacancies  happen  in  the  representation  from  any  State  the  executive  authority 
thereof  shall  issue  writs  of  election  to  fill  such  vacancies. 

The  House  of  Representatives  shall  choose  their  Speaker  and  other  officers ;  and 
shall  have  the  sole  power  of  Impeachment. 

SECT.  3.  The  Senate  of  the  United  States  shall  bs  composed  of  two  Senators  from 
each  State,  chosen  by  the  Legislature  thereof,  for  six  years ;  and  each  Senator  shall 
have  one  vote. 

Immediately  after  they  shall  be  assembled  in  consequence  of  the  first  election,  they 
shall  be  divided  as  equally  as  may  be  into  three  classes.  The  seats  of  the  Senators  of 
the  first  class  shall  be  vacated  at  the  expiration  of  the  second  year,  of  the  second  class 
at  the  expiration  of  the  fourth  year,  and  of  the  third  class  at  the  expiration  of  the  sixth 
year,  so  that  one-third  may  be  chosen  every  second  year;  and  if  vacancies  happen  by 
resignation  or  otherwise,  during  the  recess  of  the  Legislature  of  any  State,  the  Execu 
tive  thereof  may  make  temporary  appointments  until  the  next  meeting  of  the  Legisla 
ture,  which  shall  then  fill  such  vacancies. 

No  person  shall  be  a  Senator  who  shall  not  have  attained  to  the  age  of  thirty  years, 
and  been  nine  years  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  who  shall  not,  when  elected,  bo 
an  inhabitant  of  that  State  for  which  he  shall  be  chosen. 

The  Vice- President  of  the  United  States  shall  be  President  of  the  Senate,  but  shall 
have  no  vote,  unless  they  be  equally  divided. 


540  STATISTICAL    BE  COEDS. 


The  Senate  shall  choose  their  other  officers,  and  also  a  President  pro  tempore  in  the 
absence  of  the  Vice-President,  or  when  lie  shall  exercise  the  office  of  President  of  the 
United  States. 

The  Senate  shall  have  the  sole  power  to  try  all  impeachments.  When  sitting  for 
that  purpose  they  shall  be  on  oath  or  affirmation.  When  the  President  of  the  United 
States  is  tried  the  Chief  Justice  shall  preside;  and  no  person  shall  be  convicted  with 
out  the  concurrence  of  two-thirds  of  tlie  members  present. 

Judgment  in  cases  of  impeachment  shall  not  extend  further  than  to  removal  from 
office,"and  disqualification  to  hold  and  enjoy  any  office  of  honor,  trust,  or  profit  under 
the  United  States;  but  the  party  convicted  shall  nevertheless  be  liable  and  subject  to 
indictment,  trial,  judgment,  and  punishment,  according  to  law. 

SECT.  4.  The  times,  places,  and  manner  of  holding  elections  for  Senators  and  Rep 
resentatives  shall  be  prescribed  in  each  State  by  the  Legislature  thereof;  but  the 
Congress  may  at  any  time  by  law  make  or  alter  such  regulations,  except  as  to  the 
places  of  choosing  Senators. 

The  Congress  shall  assemble  at  least  once  in  every  year,  and  such  meeting  shall  be 
on  the  first  Monday  in  December,  unless  they  shall  by  law  appoint  a  different  day. 

SECT.  5.  Each  House  shall  be  the  judge  of  the  elections,  returns,  and  qualifications 
of  its  own  members,  and  a  majority  of  each  shall  constitute  a  quorum  to  do  business; 
but  a  smaller  number  may  adjourn  from  clay  to  clay,  and  may  be  authorized  to  compel 
the  attendance  of  absent  members  in  such  manner  and  under  such  penalties  as  each 
House  may  provide. 

Each  House  may  determine  the  rules  of  its  proceedings,  punish  its  members  for  dis 
orderly  behavior,  and,  with  the  concurrence  of  two-thirds,  expel  a  member. 

Each  House  shall  keep  a  journal  of  its  proceedings,  and  from  time  to  time  publish 
the  same,  excepting  such  parts  as  may  in  their  judgment  require  secrecy;  and  the  yeas 
and  nays  of  the  members  of  either  House  on  any  question  shall,  at  the  desire  of  one- 
fifth  of  those  present,  be  entered  on  the  journal. 

Neither  House  during  the  session  of 'Congress,  shall,  without  the  consent  of  the 
other,  adjourn  for  more  than  three  days,  nor  to  any  other  place  than  that  in  which  the 
two  Houses  shall  be  sitting. 

SECT.  6.  The  Senators  and  Representatives  shall  receive  a  compensation  for  their 
services,  to  be  ascertained  by  law,  and  paid  out  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States. 
They  shall  in  all  cases,  except  treason,  felony,  and  breach  of  the  peace,  be  privileged 
from  arrest,  during  their  attendance  at  the  session  of  their  respective  Houses,  and  in 
going  to  and  returning  from  the  same ;  and  for  any  speech  or  debate  in  either  House 
they  shall  not  be  questioned  in  any  other  place. 

No  Senator  or  Representative  shall,  during  the  time  for  which  he  was  elected,  be 
appointed  to  any  civil  office  under  the  authority  of  the  United  States,  which  shall  have 
been  created,  or  the  emoluments  whereof  shall  have  been  increased  during  such  time ; 
and  no  person  holding  any  office  under  the  United  States  shall  be  a  member  of  either 
House  during  his  continuance  in  office. 

SECT.  7.  All  bills  for  raising  revenue  shall  originate  in  the  House  of  Representatives ; 
but  the  Senate  may  propose  or  concur  with  amendments  as  on  other  bills. 

•Every  bill  which  shall  have  passed  the  House  of  Representatives  and  the  Senate 
shall,  before  it  becomes  a  law,  be  presented  to  the  President  of  the  United  States ;  if 
he  approve  he  shall  sign  it,  but  if  not  he  shall  return  it,  with  his  objections,  to  that 
House  in  which  it  shall  have  originated,  who  shall  enter  the  objections  at  large  on  their 
journal,  and  proceed  to  reconsider  it.  If,  after  such  reconsideration,  two-thirds  of 
that  House  shall  agree  to  pass  the  bill,  it  shall  be  sent,  together  with  the  objections,  to 
the  other  House,  by  which  it  shall  likewise  be  reconsidered,  and  if  approved  by  two- 
thirds  of  that  House  it  shall  become  a  law.  But  in  all  such  cases  the  votes  of  both 
Houses  shall  be  determined  by  yeas  and  nays,  and  the  names  of  the  persons  voting  for 
and  against  the  bill  shall  be  entered  on  the  journal  of  each  House  respectively.  If  any 
bill  shall  not  be  returned  by  the  President  within  ten  days  (Sundays  exceptccl)  after  it 
shall  have  been  presented  to  him,  the  same  shall  be  a  law,  in  like  manner  as  if  he  had 
signed  it,  unless  the  Congress,  by  their  adjournment,  prevent  its  return,  in  which  case 
it  shall  not  be  a  law. 

Every  order,  resolution,  or  vote,  to  which  the  concurrence  of  the  Senate  and  House 
of  Representatives  may  be  necessary  (except  on  a  question  of  adjournment),  shall  be 
presented  to  the  President  of  the  United  States ;  and  before  the  same  shall  take  effect, 
shall  be  approved  by  him,  or,  being  disapproved  by  him,  shall  be  repassed  by  two-thirds 
of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  according  to  the  rules  and  limitations  pre 
scribed  in  the  case  of  a  bill. 

SECT.  8.  The  Congress  shall  have  power 

To  lay  and  collect  taxes,  duties,  imposts,  and  excises,  to  pay  the  debts  and  provide 
for  the  common  defence  and  general  welfare  of  the  United  States;  but  all  duties,  inv 
posts,  and  excises  shall  be  uniform  throughout  the  United  States ; 

To  borrow  money  on  the  credit  of  the  United  States ; 


STATISTICAL    EECORDS.  541 


To  regulate  commerce  with  foreign  nations,  and  among  the  several  States,  and  with 
the  Indian  tribes; 

To  establish  a  uniform  rule  of  naturalization,  and  uniform  laws  on  the  subject  of 
bankruptcies  throughout  the  United  States; 

To  coin  money,  regulate  the  value  thereof,  and  of  foreign  coin,  and  fix  the  standard 
of  weights  and  measures ; 

To  provide  for  the  punishment  of  counterfeiting  the  securities  and  current  coin  of  the 
United  States; 

To  establish  post-offices  and  post-roads ; 

To  promote  the  progress  of  science  and  useful  arts,  by  securing  for  limited  times  to 
authors  and  inventors  the  exclusive  right  to  their  respective  writings  and  discoveries; 

To  constitute  tribunals  inferior  to  the  Supreme  Court; 

To"  define  and  punish  piracies  and  felonies  committed  on  the  high  seas,  and  offences 
against  the  law  of  nations ; 

To  declare  war,  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal,  and  make  rules  concerning  cap 
tures  on  land  and  water; 

To  raise  and  support  armies,  but  no  appropriation  of  money  to  that  use  shall  be  for  a 
longer  term  than  two  years ; 

To  provide  and  maintain  a  navy; 

To  make  rules  for  the  government  and  regulation  of  the  land  and  naval  forces ; 

To  provide  for  calling  forth  the  militia  to  execute  the  laws  of  the  Union,  suppress 
insurrections,  and  repel  invasions ; 

To  provide  for  organizing,  arming,  and  disciplining  the  militia,  and  for  governing 
such  part  of  them  as  may  be  employed  in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  reserving  to 
the  States  respectively  the  appointment  of  the  officers,  and  the  authority  of  training  the 
militia  according  to  the  discipline  prescribed  by  Congress ; 

To  exercise  exclusive  legislation,  in  all  cases  whatsoever,  over  such  district  (not  ex 
ceeding  ten  miles  square),  as  may,  by  cession  of  particular  States,  and  the  acceptance 
of  Congress,  became  the  seat  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  and  to  exercise 
like  authority  over  all  places  purchased  by  the  consent  of  the  Legislature  of  the  State 
in  which  the  same  shall  be,  for  the  erection  of  forts,  magazines,  arsenals,  dock-yards, 
and  other  needful  buildings ;  and 

To  make  all  laws  which  shall  be  necessary  and  proper  for  carrying  into  execution  the 
foregoing  powers,  and  all  other  powers  vested  by  this  Constitution  in  the  Government 
of  the  United  States,  or  in  any  department  or  officer  thereof. 

SECT.  9.  The  migration  or  importation  of  such  persons  as  any  of  the  States  now  ex 
isting  shall  think  proper  to  admit,  shall  not  be  prohibited  by  the  Congress  prior  to  the 
year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  eight,  but  a  tax  or  duty  may  be  imposed  on  sach 
importation,  not  exceeding  ten  dollars  for  each  person. 

The  privilege  of  the  Writ  of  Habeas  Corpus  shall  not  be  suspended,  unless  when  in 
cases  of  rebellion  or  invasion  the  public  safety  may  require  it. 

No  bill  of  attainder  or  ex  post  facto  law  shall  be  passed. 

No  capitation  or  other  direct  tax  shall  be  laid,  unless  in  proportion  to  the  census  or 
enumeration  hereinbefore  directed  to  be  taken. 

No  tax  or  duty  shall  be  laid  on  articles  exported  from  any  State. 

No  preference  shall  be  given  by  any  regulation  of  commerce  or  revenue  to  the  ports 
of  one  State  over  those  of  another;  nor  shall  vessels  bound  to  or  from  one  State  be 
obliged  to  enter,  clear,  or  pay  duties  in  another. 

No  money  shall  be  drawn  from  the  treasury,  but  in  consequence  of  appropriations 
made  by  law ;  and  a  regular  statement  and  account  of  the  receipts  and  expenditures  of 
all  public  money  shall  be  published  from  time  to  time. 

No  title  of  nobility  shall  be  granted  by  the  United  States ;  and  no  person  holding  any 
office  of  profit  or  trust  under  them  shall,  without  the  consent  of  the  Congress,  accept 
of  any  present,  emolument,  office,  or  title,  of  any  kind  whatever,  from  any  king,  prince, 
or  foreign  State. 

SECT.  10.  No  State  shall  enter  into  any  treaty,  alliance,  or  confederation;  grant  let 
ters  of  marque  and  reprisal;  coin  money;  emit  bills  of  credit;  make  anything  but  gold 
and  silver  coin  a  tender  in  payment  of  debts ;  pass  any  bill  of  attainder,  ex  post  facto 
law,  or  law  impairing  the*obligations  of  contracts,  or  grant  any  title  of  nobility. 

No  State  shall,  without  the  consent  of  the  Congress,  lay  any  imposts  or  duties  on 
imports  or  exports,  except  what  may  be  absolutely  necessary  for  executing  its  inspec 
tion  laws ;  and  the  net  produce  of  all  duties  and  imposts,  laid  by  any  State  on  imports 
or  exports,  shall  be  for  the  use  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States ;  and  all  such  laws 
shall  be  subject  to  the  revision  and  control  of  the  Congress. 

No  State  shall,  without  the  consent  of  Congress,  lay  any  duty  on  tonnage,  keep 
troops  or  ships-of-war  in  time  of  peace,  enter  into  any  agreement  or  compact  with 
another  State,  or  with  a  foreign  power,  or  engage  in  war,  unless  actually  invaded,  or  iu 
such  imminent  danger  as  will  not  a'dmit  of  delay. 


542  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


AKTICLE  II. 

SECTION  1.  The  Executive  power  shall  be  vested  in  a  President  of  the  United  States 
of  America.  He  shall  hold  his  office  during  the  term  of  four  years,  and,  together  with 
the  Vice-President,  chosen  for  the  same  term,  be  elected  as  follows  :  — 

Each  State  shall  appoint,  in  such  manner  as  the  Legislature  thereof  may  direct,  a 
number  of  Electors,  equal  to  the  whole  number  of  Senators  and  Representatives  to 
which  the  State  may  be  entitled  in  the  Congress ;  but  no  Senator  or  Representative,  or 
person  holding  an  office  of  trust  or  profit  under  the  United  States,  shall  be  appointed 
an  Elector. 

[*  The  Electors  shall  meet  in  their  respective  States,  and  vote  by  ballot  for  twq  per 
sons,  of  whom  one  at  leastshallnot  be  an  inhabitant  of  the  same  State  with  themselves. 
And  they  shall  make  a  list  of  all  the  persons  voted  for,  and  of  the  number  of  votes  for 
each;  which  list  they  shall  sign  and  certify,  and  transmit  sealed  to  the  seat  of  the  Gov 
ernment  of  the  United  States,  directed  to  the  President  of  the  Senate.  The  President 
of  the  Senate  shall,  in  the  presence  of  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives,  open 
all  the  certificates,  and  the  votes  shall  then  be  counted.  The  person  having  the  greatest 
number  of  votes  shall  be  the  President,  if  such  number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  num 
ber  of  Electors  appointed;  and  if  there  be  more  than  one  who  have  such  majority,  and 
have  an  equal  number  of  votes,  then  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  immediately 
choose  by  ballot  one  of  them  for  President ;  and  if  no  person  have  a  majority,  then  from 
the  five  highest  on  the  list  the  said  House  shall  in  like  manner  choose  the  President. 
But  in  choosing  the  President,  the  votes  shall  be  taken  by  States,  the  representation 
from  each  State  having  one  vote;  a  quorum  for  this  purpose  shall  consist  of  a  member 
or  members  from  two-thirds  of  the  States,  and  a  majority  of  all  the  States  shall  be 
necessary  to  a  choice.  In  every  case,  after  the  choice  of  the  President,  the  person 
having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  of  the  Electors  shall  be  the  Vice-President.  But 
if  there  should  remain  two  or  more  who  have  equal  votes,  the  Senate  shall  choose  from 
them  by  ballot  the  Vice-President.] 

The  Congress  may  determine  the  time  of  choosing  the  Electors,  and  the  day  on 
which  they  shall  give  their  vote ;  which  day  shall  be  the  same  throughout  the  United 
States. 

No  person  except  a  natural  -born  citizen,  or  a  citizen  of  the  United  States  at  the  time 
of  the  adoption  of  this  Constitution,  shall  be  eligible  to  the  office  of  President;  neither 
shall  any  person  be  eligible  to  that  office  who  shall  not  have  attained  to  the  age  of 
thirty-five  years,  and  been  fourteen  years  a  resident  within  the  United  States. 

In  case  of  the  removal  of  the  President  from  office,  or  of  his  death,  resignation,  or 
inability  to  discharge  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  said  office,  the  same  shall  devolve 
on  the  Vice-President,  and  the  Congress  may  by  law  provide  for  the  case  of  removal, 
death,  resignation,  or  inability,  both  of  the  President  and  Vice-President,  declaring 
what  officer  shall  then  act  as  President,  and  such  officer  shall  act  accordingly,  until  the 
disability  be  removed,  or  a  President  shall  be  elected. 

The  President  shall,  at  stated  times,  receive  for  his  services  a  compensation,  which 
shall  neither  be  increased  nor  diminished  during  the  period  for  which  he  shall  have  been 
elected,  and  he  shall  not  receive  within  that  period  any  other  emolument  from  the  United 
States,  or  any  of  them. 

Before  he  enter  on  the  execution  of  his  office  he  shall  take  the  following  oath  or  af 
firmation  :  — 

"  Ida  solemnly  swear  (or  affirm)  that  I  will  faithfully  execute  the  office  of  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  will,  to  the  best  of  my  ability,  preserve,  protect,  and  defend  the  Constitu 
tion  of  the  United  States." 

SECT.  2.  The  President  shall  be  Commander-in-chief  of  the  Army  and  Navy  of  the 
United  States,  and  of  the  Militia  of  the  several  States,  when  called  into  the  actual  ser 
vice  of  the  United  States ;  he  may  require  the  opinion,  in  writing,  of  the  principal  officer 
in  each  of  the  Executive  Departments,  upon  any  subject  relating  to  the  duties  of  their 
respective  offices,  and  he  shall  have  power  to  grant  reprieves  and  pardons  for  offences 
against  the  United  States,  except  in  cases  of  impeachment.  * 

He  shall  have  power,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  to  make 
treaties,  provided  two-thirds  of  the  Senators  present  concur;  and  he  shall  nominate, 
and,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  shall  appoint  Ambassadors,  other 
public  Ministers  and  Consuls,  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and  all  other  officers  of 
the  United  States,  whose  appointments  are  not  herein  otherwise  provided  for,  and 
which  shall  be  established  by  law,  but  the  Congress  may  by  law  vest  the  appointment 
of  such  inferior  officers,  as  they  think  proper,  in  the  President  alone,  in  the  Courts  of 
law,  or  in  the  Heads  of  Departments. 

*  This  clause  within  brackets  has  been  superseded  and  annulled  by  the  1'^th  amendment,  on  page  548. 


STATISTICAL    RECOKDS.  543 


The  President  shall  have  power  to  fill  up  all  vacancies  that  may  happen  during  the 
recess  of  the  Senate,  by  granting  commissions  which  shall  expire  at  the  end  of  their 
next  session. 

SKCT.  3.  He  shall  from  time  to  time  give  to  the  Congress  information  of  the  state  of 
the  Union,  and  recommend  to  their  consideration  such  measures  as  he  shall  judge  nec 
essary  and  expedient;  he  may,  on  extraordinary  occasions,  convene  both  houses,  or 
either  of  them,  and,  in  case  of  disagreement  between  them  with  respect  to  the  time  of 
adjournment,  he  may  adjourn  them  to  such  time  as  he  shall  think  proper ;  he  shall  re 
ceive  Ambassadors  and  other  public  Ministers;  he  shall  take  care  that  the  laws  bo 
faithfully  executed,  and  shall  commission  all  the  officers  of  the  United  States. 

SKCT.  4.  The  President,  Vice  President,  and  all  civil  officers  of  the  United  States, 
shall  be  removed  from  office  on  impeachment  for,  and  conviction  of,  treason,  bribery,  or 
other  high  crimes  and  misdemeanors. 

ARTICLE  III. 

SECTION  1.  The  judicial  power  of  the  United  States  shall  be  vested  in  one  Supreme 
Court,  and  in  such  inferior  courts  as  the  Congress  may  from  time  to  time  ordain  and 
establish.  The  Judges,  both  of  the  Supreme  and  inferior  courts,  shall  hold  their  offices 
during  good  behavior,  and  shall,  at  stated  times,  receive  for  their  services  a  compensa 
tion,  which  shall  not  be  diminished  during  their  continuance  in  office. 

SKCT.  2.  The  judicial  power  shall  extend  to  all  cases,  in  law  and  equity,  arising 
under  this  Constitution,  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  and  treaties  made,  or  whicli 
shall  be  made,  under  their  authority;  to  all  cases  affecting  Ambassadors,  other  public 
Ministers,  and  Consuls;  to  all  cases  of  admiralty  and  maritime  jurisdiction;  to  contro 
versies  to  which  the  United  States  shall  be  a  party ;  to  controversies  between  two  or 
more  States;  between  a  State  and  citizens  of  another  State;  between  citizens  of  differ 
ent  States ;  between  citizens  of  the  same  State  claiming  lands  under  grants  of  different 
States ;  and  between  a  State,  or  the  citizens  thereof,  and  foreign  States,  citizens,  or 
subjects. 

In  all  cases  affecting  Ambassadors,  other  public  Ministers,  and  Consuls,  and  those  in 
which  a  State  shall  be  party,  the  Supreme  Court  shall  have  original  jurisdiction.  In  all 
the  other  cases  before  mentioned,  the  Supreme  Court  shall  have  appellate  jurisdiction, 
both  as  to  law  and  fact,  with  such  exceptions,  and  under  such  regulations  as  the  Con 
gress  shall  make. 

The  trial  of  all  crimes,  except  in  cases  of  impeachment,  shall  be  by  jury;  and  such 
trial  shall  be  held  in  the  State  where  the  said  crimes  shall  have  been  committed;  but 
•when  not  committed  within  any  State,  the  trial  shall  be  at  such  place  or  places  as  the 
Congress  may  by  law  have  directed. 

SECT.  3.  Treason  against  the  United  States  shall  consist  only  in  levying  war  against 
them,  or  in  adhering  to  their  enemies,  giving  them  aid  and  comfort.  No  person  shall 
be  convicted  of  treason,  unless  on  the  testimony  of  two  witnesses  to  the  same  overt 
act,  or  on  confession  in  open  court. 

The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  declare  the  punishment  of  treason,  but  no  attain 
der  of  treason  shall  work  corruption  of  blood,  or  forfeiture,  except  during  the  life  of 
the  person  attainted. 

ARTICLE  IV. 

SECTION  1.  Full  faith  and  credit  shall  be  given  in  each  State  to  the  public  acts,  rec 
ords,  and  judicial  proceedings  of  every  other  State.  And  the  Congress  may  by  general 
laws  prescribe  the  manner  in  which  such  acts,  records,  and  proceedings  shall  be  proved, 
and  the  effect  thereof. 

SECT.  2.  The  citizens  of  each  State  shall  be  entitled  to  all  privileges  and  immunities 
of  citizens  in  the  several  States. 

A  person  charged  in  any  State  with  treason,  felony,  or  other  crime,  who  shall  flee 
from  justice,  and  be  found  in  another  State,  shall,  on  demand  of  the  Executive  authority 
of  the  State  from  which  he  fled,  be  delivered  up  to  be  removed  to  the  State  having 
jurisdiction  of  the  crime. 

No  person  held  to  service  or  labor  in  one  State,  under  the  laws  thereof,  escaping  into 
another,  shall,  in  consequence  of  any  law  or  regulation  therein,  be  discharged  from  such 
service  or  labor,  but  shall  be  delivered  up  on  claim  of  the  party  to  whom  such  service 
or  labor  may  be  due. 

SECT.  3.  New  States  may  be  admitted  by  the  Congress  into  this  Union;  but  no  new 
State  shall  be  formed  or  erected  within  the  jurisdiction  of  any  other  State,  nor  any 
State  be  formed  by  the  junction  of  two  or  more  States,  or  parts  of  States,  without  the 
consent  of  the  Legislatures  of  the  States  concerned,  as  well  as  of  the  Congress. 

The  Congress  shall  have  power  to  dispose  of,  and  make  all  needful  rules  and  regula 
tions  respecting  the  territory  or  other  property  belonging  to  the  United  States;  and 


544 


STATISTICAL    KF.COEDS. 


nothing  in  tliis  Constitution  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  prejudice  any  claims  of  the 
United  States,  or  of  any  particular  State. 

SECT.  4.  The  United  States  shall  guarantee  to  every  State  in  this  Union  a  republi 
can  form  of  government,  and  shall  protect  each  of  them  against  invasion;  and  on  ap 
plication  of  the  Legislature,  or  of  the  Executive  (when  the  Legislature  cannot  be  con 
vened),  against  domestic  violence. 

ARTICLE  V. 

The  Congress,  whenever  two-thirds  of  the  House  shall  deem  it  necessaiy,  shall  pro 
pose  amendments  to  this  Constitution,  or,  on  the  application  of  the  Legislatures  of  two- 
thirds  of  the  several  States,  shall  call  a  convention  for  proposing  amendments,  which, 
in  either  case,  shall  be  valid  to  all  intents  and  purposes,  as  part  of  this*  Constitution, 
when  ratified  by  the  Legislatures  of  three-fourths  of  the  several  States,  or  by  conven 
tions  in  three-fourths  thereof,  as  the  one  or  the  other  mode  of  ratification  may  be  pro 
posed  by  the  Congress  :  Provided,  that  no  amendment  which  may  be  made  prior  to  the 
year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  eight,  shall  in  any  manner  affect  the  first  and 
fourth  clauses  of  the  ninth  section  of  the  first  article ;  and  that  no  State,  without  its 
consent,  shall  be  deprived  of  its  equal  suffrage  in  the  Senate. 

ARTICLE  VI. 

All  debts  contracted  and  engagements  entered  into  before  the  adoption  of  this  Con 
stitution  shall  be  as  valid  against  the  United  States  under  this  Constitution  as  under 
the  Confederation. 

This  Constitution,  and  the  laws  of  the  United  States  which  shall  be  made  in  pursu 
ance  thereof,  and  all  treaties  made,  or  which  shall  be  made,  under  the  authority  of  the 
United  States,  shall  be  the  supreme  law  of  the  laud;  and  the  Judges  in  every  State 
shall  be  bound  thereby,  anything  in  the  Constitution  or  laws  of  any  State  to  the  con 
trary  notwithstanding. 

The  Senators  and  Representatives  before  mentioned,  and  the  members  of  the  several 
State  Legislatures,  and  all  executive  and  judicial  officers,  both  of  the  United  States  and 
of  the  several  States,  shall  be  bound  by  oath  or  affirmation  to  support  this  Constitu 
tion;  but  no  religious  test  shall  ever  be  required  as  a  qualification  to  any  office  or  pub 
lic  trust  under  the  United  States. 

ARTICLE  VII. 

The  ratification  of  the  Conventions  of  nine  States  shall  be  sufficient  for  the  establish 
ment  of  this  Constitution  between  the  States  so  ratifying  the  same. 

DONE  in  Convention,  by  the  unanimous  consent  of  the  States  present,  the  seventeenth 
day  of  September,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty- 
seven,  and  of  the  Independence  of  the  United  States  of  America  the  twelfth.  IN 
WITNESS  whereof,  we  have  hereunto  subscribed  our  names. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON, 
President,  and  Deputy  from  Virginia. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


John  Langdon, 
Nathaniel  Gorham, 
William  S.  Johnson, 
Alexander  Hamilton. 


William  Livingston, 
William  Paterson,    . 


Benjamin  Franklin, 
Robert  Morris, 
Thomas  Fitzsimmons, 
James  Wilson, 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


CONNECTICUT. 


NEW  YORK. 


Rufus  King. 


Roger  Sherman. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


David  Brearley, 
Jonathan  Dayton. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Thomas  Mifflin, 
George  Clymer, 
Jared  Ingersoll, 
Gouverueur  Morris. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  545 


DELAWARE. 

George  Read,  Gunning  Bedford,  Jr., 

John  Dickinson,  Richard  Bassett. 

Jaco.  Broom, 

'  MARYLAND. 

James  McHenry,  Daniel  Jenifer,  of  St.  Thomas. 

Daniel  Carroll, 

VIRGINIA. 
John  Blair,  James  Madison,  Jr. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

William  Blount,  Richard  D.  Speight. 

Hugh  Williamson, 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

J.  Rutledge,  Charles  C.  Pinckney, 

Charles  Pinckney,  Pierce  Butler. 

GEORGIA. 

William  Few,  Abraham  Baldwin. 

Attest :  WILLIAM  JACKSON,  Secretary. 


PROCEEDINGS 

OF  THE 

CONVENTION  WHICH  FOEMED  THE  CONSTITUTION. 


IN    CONVENTION. 

MONDAY,  September  17,  1787. 

Resolved,  That  the  preceding  Constitution  be  laid  before  the  United  States  in  Con 
gress  assembled ;  and  that  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  Convention  that  it  should  afterwards 
be  submitted  to  a  Convention  of  Delegates,  chosen  in  each  State  by  the  people  thereof, 
under  the  recommendation  of  its  Legislature,  for  their  assent  and  ratification ;  and 
that  each  Convention  assenting  to  and  ratifying  the  same  should  give  notice  thereof  to 
the  United  States  in  Congress  assembled. 

Itesolved,  That  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  Convention  that,  as  soon  as  the  Conventions 
of  nine  States  shall  have  ratified  this  Constitution,  the  United  States  in  Congress  as 
sembled  should  fix  a  day  on  which  Electors  should  be  appointed  by  the  States  which 
shall  have  ratified  the  same,  and  a  day  on  which  Electors  should  assemble  to  vote  for 
the  President,  and  the  time  and  place  for  commencing  proceedings  under  this  Consti 
tution  ;  that  after  such  publication,  the  Electors  should  be  appointed,  and  the  Senators 
and  Representatives  elected;  that  the  Electors  should  meet  on  the  day  fixed  for  the 
election  of  the  President,  and  should  transmit  their  votes,  certified,  signed,  sealed,  and 
directed,  as  the  Constitution  requires,  to  the  Secretary  of  the  United  States  in  Con 
gress  assembled;  that  the  Senators  and  Representatives  should  convene  at  the  time 
and  place  assigned ;  that  the  Senators  should  appoint  a  President  of  the  Senate,  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  receiving,  opening,  and  counting  the  votes  for  President ;  and  that, 
after  he  shall  be  chosen,  the  Congress,  together  with  the  President,  should,  without 
delay,  proceed  to  execute  this  Constitution. 

By  the  unanimous  order  of  the  Convention. 

GEO.  WASHINGTON,  President. 

WILLIAM  JACKSON,  Secretary. 

35 


546  STATISTICAL    EE  COEDS. 


LETTER  OF  THE  CONVENTION  TO  THE  OLD  CONGRESS. 


IN    CONVENTION. 

September  17,  1787. 

SIR  :  We  have  now  the  honor  to  submit  to  the  consideration  of  the  United  States  in 
Congress  assembled,  that  Constitution  which  has  appeared  to  us  the  most  advisable. 

The  friends  of  our  country  have  long  seen  and  desired  that  the  power  of  making  war, 
peace,  and  treaties ;  that  of  levying  money,  and  regulating  commerce,  and  the  corre 
spondent  executive  and  judicial  authorities,  should  be  fully  and  effectually  vested  in 
the  General  Government  of  the  Union;  but  the  impropriety  of  delegating  such  exten 
sive  trust  to  one  body  of  men  is  evident;  hence  results  the  necessity  of  a  different  or 
ganization. 

It  is  obviously  impracticable  in  the  federal  government  of  these  States  to  secure  all 
rights  of  independent  sovereignty  to  each,  and  yet  provide  for  the  interest  and  safety 
of  all.  Individuals  entering  into  society  must  give  up  a  share  of  liberty  to  preserve 
the  rest.  The  magnitude  of  the  sacrifice  must  depend  as  well  on  situation  and  circum 
stance  as  on  the  object  to  be  obtained.  It  is  at  all  times  difficult  to  draw  with  precis 
ion  the  line  between  those  rights  which  must  be  surrendered  and  those  which  may  be 
reserved;  and,  on  the  present  occasion,  this  difficulty  was  increased  by  a  difference 
among  the  several  States  as  to  their  situation,  extent,  habits,  and  particular  interests. 

In  all  our  deliberations  on  this  subject,  we  kept  steadily  in  our  view  that  which 
appears  to  us  the  greatest  interest  of  every  true  American,  — the  consolidation  of  our 
Union,  —  in  which  is  involved  our  prosperity,  felicity,  safety,  perhaps  our  national  ex 
istence.  This  important  consideration,  seriously  and  deeply  impressed  on  our  minds, 
led  each  State  in  the  Convention  to  be  less  rigid  on  points  of  inferior  magnitude  than 
might  have  been  otherwise  expected;  and  thus  the  Constitution  which  we  now  present 
is  the  result  of  a  spirit  of  amity,  and  of  that  mutual  deference  and  concession  which  the 
peculiarity  of  our  political  situation  rendered  indispensable. 

That  it  will  meet  the  full  and  entire  approbation  of  every  State  is  not,  perhaps,  to  be 
expected ;  but  each  will  doubtless  consider  that,  had  her  interest  been  alone  consulted, 
the  consequences  might  have  been  particularly  disagreeable  or  injurious  to  others. 
That  it  is  liable  to  as  few  exceptions  as  could  reasonably  have  been  expected,  we  hope 
and  believe.  That  it  may  promote  the  lasting  welfare  of  that  country  so  dear  to  us  all, 
and  secure  her  freedom  and  happiness,  is  our  most  ardent  wish. 

With  great  respect,  we  have  the  honor  to  be,  sir,  your  Excellency's  most  obedient, 
humble  servants. 

By  unanimous  order  of  the  Convention. 

GEO.  WASHINGTON,  President. 

His  Excellency,  the  PRESIDENT  OF  CONGRESS. 


PROCEEDINGS  IN  THE  OLD  CONGRESS. 


UNITED  STATES  IN  CONGRESS  ASSEMBLED. 

FRIDAY,  September  28,  1787. 

Present — New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Penn 
sylvania,  Delaware,  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  and  Georgia ;  and  from 
Maryland,  Mr.  Ross. 

Congress  having  received  the  report  of  the  Convention  lately  assembled  in  Philadel 
phia,  — 

Besolved,  unanimously,  That  the  said  report,  with  the  resolutions  and  letter  accom 
panying  the  same,  be  transmitted  to  the  several  Legislatures,  in  order  to  be  submitted 
to  a  Convention  of  Delegates  chosen  in  each  State  by  the  people  thereof,  in  conformity 
to  the  resolves  of  the  Convention  made  and  provided  in  that  case. 

CHARLES  THOMSON,  Secretary. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  547 


STATE  RATIFICATIONS  OF  THE  CONSTITUTION. 

The  Constitution  was  adopted  September  17,  1787,  by  the  Convention  appointed  in 
pursuance  of  the  resolution  of  the  Congress  of  the  Confederation  of  February  21,  1787, 
and  was  ratified  by  the  Conventions  of  the  several  States  as  follows,  viz. :  — 

By  Convention  of  Delaware December     7,  1787. 

By  Convention  of  Pennsylvania December  12,  1787. 

By  Convention  of  New  Jersey December  18,  1787. 

By  Convention  of  Georgia January        2,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  Connecticut January        9,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  Massachusetts February      6,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  Maryland - April  28,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  South  Carolina May  23,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  New  Hampshire June  21,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  Virginia  June  26,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  New  York  July  2G,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  North  Carolina ••••November,  21,  1788. 

By  Convention  of  Rhode  Island  .  ~ May  29,  1790. 


ARTICLES  IN  ADDITION  TO,  AND  AMENDMENT  OF, 
THE    CONSTITUTION 

OP  THE 

UNITED    STATES    OF    AMERICA, 

PROPOSED  BY  CONGRESS,  AND  RATIFED  BY  THE  LEGISLATURES  OF  THE  SEVERAL  STATES 
PURSUANT  TO  THE  FIFTH  ARTICLE  OF  THE  ORIGINAL  CONSTITUTION. 


ARTICLE  I. 

Congress  shall  make  no  law  respecting  an  establishment  of  religion,  or  prohibiting 
the  free  exercise  thereof;  or  abridging  the  freedom  of  speech,  or  of  the  press ;  or  the 
right  of  the  people  peaceably  to  assemble,  and  to  petition  the  Government  for  a  redress 
of  grievances. 

ARTICLE  II. 

A  well-regulated  militia  being  necessary  to  the  security  of  a  free  State,  the  right  of 
the  people  to  keep  and  bear  arms  shall  not  be  infringed. 

ARTICLE  in. 

No  soldier  shall,  in  time  of  peace,  be  quartered  in  any  house,  without  the  consent  of 
the  owner,  nor  in  time  of  war,  but  in  a  manner  to  be  prescribed  by  law. 

ARTICLE  IV. 

The  right  of  the  people  to  be  secure  in  their  persons,  houses,  papers,  and  effects, 
against  unreasonable  searches  and  seizures,  shall  not  be  violated,  and  no  warrants  shall 
issue,  but  upon  probable  cause,  supported  by  oath  or  affirmation,  and  particularly 
describing  the  place  to  be  searched,  and  the  person  or  things  to  be  seized. 


548  STATISTICAL    KECOEDS. 


ARTICLE  V. 

No  person  shall  be  held  to  answer  for  a  capital,  or  otherwise  infamous  crime,  unless 
on  a  presentment  or  indictment  of  a  grand  jury,  except  in  cases  arising  in  the  land  or 
naval  forces,  or  in  the  militia,  when  in  actual  service  in  time  of  war  or  public  danger; 
nor  shall  any  person  be  subject  for  the  same  oti'euce  to  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  of  life 
or  limb ;  nor  shall  be  compelled  in  any  criminal  case  to  be  a  witness  against  himself, 
nor  be  deprived  of  life,  liberty  or  property,  without  due  process  of  law;  nor  shall  pri 
vate  property  be  taken  for  public  use,  without  just  compensation. 

ARTICLE  VI. 

In  all  criminal  prosecutions,  the  accused  shall  enjoy  the  right  to  a  speedy  and  public 
trial,  by  an  impartial  jury  of  the  State  and  district  wherein  the  crime  shall  have  been 
committed,  which  district  shall  have  been  previously  ascertained  by  law,  and  to  be 
informed  of  the  nature  and  cause  of  the  accusation ;  to  be  confronted  with  the  wit 
nesses  against  him ;  to  have  compulsory  process  for  obtaining  witnesses  in  his  favor, 
and  to  have  the  assistance  of  counsel  for  his  defence. 

ARTICLE  VII. 

In  suits  at  common  law,  where  the  value  in  controversy  shall  exceed  twenty  dollars, 
the  right  of  trial  by  jury  shall  be  preserved,  and  no  fact  tried  by  a  jury  shall  be  other 
wise  re-examined  in  any  court  of  the  United  States,  than  according  to  the  rules  of  the 
common  law. 

ARTICLE  VIII. 

Excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required,  nor  excessive  fines  imposed,  nor  cruel  and  un 
usual  punishments  inflicted. 

ARTICLE  IX. 

The  enumeration  in  the  Constitution  of  certain  rights  shall  not  be  construed  to  deny 
or  disparage  others  retained  by  the  people. 


The  powers  not  delegated  to  the  United  States  by  the  Constitution,  nor  prohibited  by 
it  to  the  States,  are  reserved  to  the  States,  respectively,  or  to  the  people. 

ARTICLE  XI. 

The  judicial  power  of  the  United  States  shall  not  be  construed  to  extend  to  any  suit 
in  law  or  equity  commenced  or  prosecuted  against  one  of  the  United  States  by  citizens 
of  another  State,  or  by  citizens  or  subjects  of  any  foreign  State. 

ARTICLE  XII. 

The  electors  shall  meet  in  their  respective  States,  and  vote  by  ballot  for  President 
and  Vice-President,  one  of  whom,  at  least,  shall  not  be  an  inhabitant  of  the  same  State 
with  themselves ;  they  shall  name  in  their  ballots  the  person  voted  for  as  President, 
and  in  distinct  ballots  the  person  voted  for  as  Vice-President,  and  they  shall  make  dis 
tinct  lists  of  all  persons  voted  for  as  President,  and  of  all  persons  voted  for  as  Vice- 
President,  and  of  the  number  of  votes  for  each,  which  lists  they  shall  sign  and  certify, 
and  transmit  sealed  to  the  seat  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  directed  to  the 
President  of  the  Senate.  The  President  of  the  Senate  shall,  in  presence  of  the  Senate 
and  House  of  Representatives,  open  all  the  certificates,  and  the  votes  shall  then  be 
counted ;  the  person  having  the  greatest  number  of  votes  for  President  shall  be  the 
President,-  if  such  number  be  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  of  Electors  appointed; 
and  if  no  person  have  such  majority,  then  from  the  persons  having  the  highest  num 
bers,  not  exceeding  three  on  the  list  of  those  voted  for  as  President,  the  House  of  Rep 
resentatives  shall  choose  immediately,  by  ballot,  the  President.  But  in  choosing  the 
President,  the  votes  shall  be  taken  by  States,  the  representation  from  each  State  having 
one  vote ;  a  quorum  for  this  purpose  shall  consist  of  a  member  or  members  from 
two-thirds  of  the  States,  and  a  majority  of  all  the  States  shall  be  necessary  to  a 
choice.  And  if  the  House  of  Representatives  shall  not  choose  a  President  whenever 
the  right  of  choice  shall  devolve  upon  them  before  the  fourth  day  of  March  next  fol- 


STATISTICAL    KECOKDS.  549 


lowing,  then  the  Vice-President  shall  act  as  President,  as  in  the  case  of  the  death  or 
other  constitutional  disability  of  the  President.  The  person  having  the  greatest  num 
ber  of  votes  as  Vice-President  shall  be  the  Vice-President,  if  such  number  be  a 
majority  of  the  whole  number  of  Electors  appointed ;  and  if  no  person  have  a  majority, 
then  from  the  two  highest  numbers  on  the  list  the  Senate  shall  choose  the  Vicc-Presi- 
clent;  a  quorum  for  the  purpose  shall  consist  of  two-thirds  of  the  whole  number  of 
Senators,  and  a  majority  of  the  whole  number  shall  be  necessary  to  a  choice.  But  no 
person  constitutionally  ineligible  to  the  office  of  President  shall  be  eligible  to  that  of 
Vice-Presideut  of  the  United  States. 

ARTICLE  XIII. 

SECTION  1.  Neither  slavery  nor  involuntary  servitude,  except  as  a  punishment  for 
crime,  whereof  the  party  shall  have  been  duly  convicted,  shall  exist  within  the  United 
States  or  any  place  subject  to  their  jurisdiction. 

SECTION  2.  Congress  shall  have  power  to  enforce  this  article  by  appropriate  legis 
lation. 


THE    FOLLOWING  IS  PREFIXED  TO  THE    FIRST    TEN*   OF  THE  PRECEDING    AJIENDJtEXTS. 

CONGRESS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

BEGUN    AND    HELD    AT    THE     CITY  OF    NEW  YORK,    ON    WEDNESDAY,   THE    FOURTH    OF 
MARCH,  ONK    THOUSAND  SEVEN  HUNDRED  AND  EIGHTY- NINE. 

The  Conventions  of  a  number  of  the  States  having,  at  the  time  of  their  adopting  the 
Constitution,  expressed  a  desire,  in  order  to  prevent  misconstruction  or  abuse  of  its 
powers,  that  further  declaratory  and  restrictive  clauses  should  be  added ;  and  as  ex 
tending  the  ground  of  public  confidence  in  the  Government  will  best  insure  the  benefi 
cent  ends  of  its  institution,  — 

Resolved,  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America, 
in  Congress  assembled,  two-thirds  of  both  Houses  concurring,  That  the  following 
articles  be  proposed  to  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  States,  as  amendments  to  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  all  or  any  of  which  articles,  when  ratified  by  three- 
fourths  of  the  said  Legislatures,  to  be  valid  to  all  intents  and  purposes,  as  part  of  the 
said  Constitution,  viz. :  — 

Articles  in  addition  to,  and  amendment  of,  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  of 
America,  proposed  by  Congress  and  ratified  by  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  States, 
pursuant  to  the  Fifth  Article  of  the  original  Constitution. 

The  first  ten  amendments  of  the  Constitution  were  ratified  by  the  States  as  follows, 
viz. :  — 

By  New  Jersey November  20,  1789. 

By  Maryland December  19,  1789. 

By  North  Carolina December  22,  1789. 

By  South  Carolina January     .19,  1790. 

By  New  Hampshire January     25,  1790. 

By  Delaware   January     28,  1790. 

By  Pennsylvania March        10,  1790. 

By  New  York March        27,  1790. 

By  Rhode  Island June  15,  1790. 

By  Vermont November  3,  1791. 

By  Virginia  December  15,  1791. 

*It  may  be  proper  here  to  state  that  twelve  articles  of  amendment  were  proposed  by  the  First  Con- 

gress,  of  which  but  ten  were  ratified  by  the  States — the  first  and  second  in  order  not  having  been  ratified, 
y  the  requisite  number  of  States. 
These  two  were  as  follows : — 

Article  First. — After  the  first  enumeration  required  by  the  First  Article  of  the  Constitution,  there  shall 
be  one  Representative  for  every  thirty  thousand,  until  the  nnmber  shall  amount  to  one  hundred,  after 
which  the  proportion  shall  be  so  regulated  by  Congress  that  there  shall  not  be  less  than  one  hundred 
Representatives,  nor  less  than  one  Representative  for  every  forty  thousand  persons,  until  the  numter  of 
Representatives  shall  amount  to  two  hundred,  after  which  the  proportion  shall  be  so  regulated  by  Con 
gress  that  there  shall  not  be  less  than  two  hundred  Representatives,  nor  more  than  one  Representative 
to  every  fifty  thousand  persons. 

Article  Second.— No  law  varying  the  compensation  for  the  services  of  the  Senators  and  Representa 
tives  shall  take  eflect  until  an  election  of  Representatives  shall  have  intervened. 


550  STATISTICAL  RECORDS. 

THE  FOLLOWING  IS  PREFIXED  TO  THE  ELEVENTH  OF  THE  PRECEDING  AMENDMENTS. 

THIRD  CONGRESS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

AT  THE  FIRST  SESSION,  BEGUN  AND  HELD  AT  THE  CITY  OF  PHILADELPHIA,  IN  THE  STATE 
OF  PENNSYLVANIA,  ON  MONDAY,  THE  SECOND  OF  DECEMBER,  ONE  THOUSAND  SEVEN 
HUNDRED  AND  NINETY-THREE. 

Resolved,  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America, 
in   Congress  assembled,  two-thirds  of  both  Houses  concurring,   That  the   following 
article  be  proposed  to  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  States  as  an  amendment  to  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States ;  which,  when  ratified  by  three-fourths  of  the  said 
Legislatures,  shall  be  valid  as  part  of  the  said  Constitution,  viz. : 

.     THE  FOLLOWING  IS  PREFIXED  TO  THE  TWELFTH  OF  THE  PRECEDING  AMENDMENTS. 

EIGHTH  CONGRESS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

AT  THE  FIRST  SESSION,  BEGUN  AND  HELD  AT  THE  CITY  OF  WASHINGTON,  IN  THE  TERRI 
TORY  OF  COLUMBIA,  ON  MONDAY,  THE  SEVENTEENTH  OF  OCTOBER,  ONE  THOUSAND  EIGHT 
HUNDRED  AND  THREE. 

Resolved,  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America, 
in  Congress  assembled,  two-thirds  of  both  Houses  concurring,  That  in  lieu  of  the 
third  paragraph  of  the  first  session  of  the  Second  Article  of  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States,  the  following  be  proposed  as  an  amendment  to  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States ;  which,  when  ratified  by  three-fourths  of  the  Legislatures  of  the 
several  States,  shall  be  valid  to  all  intents  and  purposes,  as  part  of  the  said  Constitu 
tion,  to  wit : 

The  ten  first  of  the  preceding  amendments  were  proposed  at  the  first  session  of  the 
First  Congress  of  the  United  States,  September  25,  1789,  and  were  finally  ratified  by 
the  constitutional  number  of  States,  December  15, 1791.  The  eleventh  amendment  was 
proposed  at  the  first  session  of  the  Third  Congress,  March  5,  1794,  and  was  declared, 
in  a  message  from  the  President  of  the  United  States  to  both  Houses  of  Congress,  dated 
January  8,  1798,  to  have  been  adopted  by  the  constitutional  number  of  States.  The 
twelfth  amendment  was  proposed  at  the  first  session  of  the  Eighth  Congress,  December 
12, 1803,  and  was  adopted  by  the  constitutional  number  of  States  in  1804,  according  to 
a  public  notice  thereof  by  the  Secretary  of  State,  dated  September  25  of  the  same  year. 


THE  FOLLOWING  IS  PREFIXED  TO  THE  THIRTEENTH  OF  THE  PRECEDING  AMENDMENTS. 

THIRTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

AT  THE  SECOND  SESSION,  BEGUN  AND  HELD   AT  THE  CITY    OF  WASHINGTON,   DISTRICT  OF 
COLUMBIA,  ON  THE  FIRST  DAY  OF  FEBRUARY,  EIGHTEEN  HUNDRED  AND  SIXTY-FIVE. 

Resolved,  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America, 
in  Congress  assembled,  two-thirds  of  both  Houses  concurring,  That  the  following 
article  be  proposed  to  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  States,  as  an  amendment  to  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  which,  when  ratified  by  three-fourths  of  said  Legis 
latures,  shall  be  valid,  to  all  intents  and  purposes,  as  a  part  of  said  Constitution, 
namely : 

This  amendment  was  declared  adopted  on  the  18th  day  of  December,  1865,  at  which 
time  it  had  been  duly  ratified  by  the  Legislatures  of  the  States  of  Illinois,  Rhode  Island, 
Michigan,  Maryland,  New  York,  West  Virginia,  Maine,  Kansas,  Massachusetts,  Penn- 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


551 


sylvania,  Virginia.  Ohio,  Missouri,  Nevada,  Indiana,  Louisiana,  Minnesota,  Wisconsin, 
Vermont,  Tennessee,  Arkansas,  Connecticut,  New  Hampshire,  South  Carolina,  Alabama, 
North  Carolina,  and  Georgia — in  all,  27  States. 


THE  SEAT  OF  THE  GENERAL  GOVERNMENT. 

The  Act  of  Congress,  locating  the  seat  of  the  General  Government  on  the  river  Po 
tomac,  was  approved  by  President  Washington,  July  16, 1790;  the  Commissioners  who 
decided  that  it  should  bear  the  name  of  the  Father  of  his  Country,  were  Thomas  John 
son,  David  Stuart,  and  Daniel  Carroll;  the  public  offices  were  removed  from  Philadel 
phia  in  June,  1800;  the  first  meeting  of  Congress  took  place  here  on  the  third  Monday 
of  November  of  that  year;  and  the  Act  assuming  jurisdiction  was  approved  by  Presi 
dent  John  Adams,  February  27,  1801.  The  name  of  the  spot  once  occupied  by  the 
Manahoac  and  Monacan  Indians,  and  now  by  the  Federal  city,  was  Conococheague, 
meaning  Roaring  Waters,  from  the  number  of  brooks  in  the  vicinity.  The  site  of  the 
National  Capitol  was  once  owned  by  a  man  named  Pope,  who  gave  it  the  name  of  Rome, 
and  thus  became  the  Pope  of  Rome ;  and  the  chief  owners  of  the  surrounding  lands 
were  D.  Carroll,  N.  Young,  and  D.  Burns,  who  cultivated  corn,  tobacco,  and  wheat 
where  the  city  now  stands.  The  place  was  incorporated  as  a  city  May  3, 1802,  and  was 
visited  and  partly  destroyed  by  British  troops  in  181-1.  The  Public  Buildings,  as  they 
at  present  exist,  are  the  Capitol;  the  Executive  Mansion;  the  Treasury  Building,  a  part 
of  which  it  is  understood  will  hereafter  be  assigned  to  the  Department  of  State;  the 
War  and  Navy  Departments ;  the  Interior  Department,  in  which  is  located  the  Patent 
Office ;  and  the  General  Post  Office.  In  addition  to  the  above,  the  National  Metropolis 
also  contains  a  Navy  Yard,  a  National  Observatory,  a  National  Printing  Office,  an 
Armory,  an  Arsenal,  a  Penitentiary,  a  Military  Asylum,  the  Columbian  Institution  for 
the  Deaf,  Dumb,  and  Blind,  a  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  a 
City  Hall,  Columbian  College,  an  Infirmary,  a  National  Cemetery,  as  well  as  a  plentiful 
supply  of  Churches,  Hotels,  Libraries,  and  Charitable  Establishments.  The  parks  or 
open  grounds  of  the  city  are  spacious,  generally  kept  with  care,  and  to  some  extent 
interspersed  with  fountains  and  statues;  and  the  place  is  amply  supplied  with  pure 
water,  brought  about  twelve  miles,  by  an  extensive  aqueduct,  from  the  Great  Falls  of 
the  Potomac.  The  City  of  Georgetown,  though  a  separate  corporation,  is  in  reality  a 
part  of  Washington  City,  lies  at  the  head  of  navigation,  is  the  outlet  for  the  Ohio  and 
Chesapeake  Canal,  and  contains,  among  other  attractions,  a  Roman  Catholic  College,  a 
Convent,  an  extensive  Cemetery,  and  many  handsome  private  residences. 

As  Washington  is  the  home  of  the  General  Government,  in  which  the  people,  through 
out  the  country  are  interested,  the  subjoined  table  has  been  prepared  from  official 
sources : — 

TABLE  OF  DISTANCES,  BY  THE  SHORTEST  MAIL  ROUTES,  FROM  WASHING 
TON  TO  THE  RESPECTIVE  CAPITALS  AND  LEADING  CITIES  OF  THE  SEV 
ERAL  STATES  AND  TERRITORIES. 


Augusta,  Maine, 
Bath,  " 

Portland,  " 
Lewiston,  " 
Bangor,  " 

Concord,  New  Hampshire, 
Manchester,        " 
Portsmouth,       " 
Montpelier,  Vermont, 
Burlington,         " 
Rutland,  " 

Boston,  Massachusetts, 
Lawrence,  " 

Lowell,    '  " 


Miles. 

640 
612 
576 
609 
713 
510 
527 
524 
536 
533 
467 
468 
494 
493 


Flace.  Miles. 

Springfield,  Massachusetts,  372 

Worcester,  427 

Fall  River,  415 

New  Bedford,  413 

Newburyport,  502 

Cambridge,  471 

Salem,  484 

Taunton,  45G 

Providence,  Rhode  Island,  422 

Newport,  403 

Pawtucket, .  420 

•New  Haven,  Connecticut,  303 

Hartford,     '  344 

Norwich,  371 


552 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


Place.  Miles. 

New  London,  Connecticut,  358 

Bridgeport,               "  390 

Middletown,             "  344 

Waterbury,               "  429 

Albany,     New  York,  376 

New  York,  232 

Buffalo,  447 

Rochester,  409 

Syracuse,  437 

Auburn,  416 

Lockport,  471 

Ncvvburgh,  293 

Orfwego,  473 

Schenectady,  393 

Troy,  383 

Utica,  471 

Watertown,  548 

Binghampton,  357 

Poughkeepsie,  307 

Trenton,      New  Jersey,  172 

Newark,               "  223 

Jersey  City,         "  231 

New  Brunswick,"  200 

Paterson,              "  247 

llarrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  126 

Erie,                         "  469 

Lancaster,                "  123 

Philadelphia,           "  142 

Pittsburgh,              "  375 

Pottsville,                "  192 

Reading,                   "  157 

Westcliester,           "  173 

Williams-port,          "  221 

York,                        "  98 

Dover,        Delaware,  158 

Wilmington,      "  108 

Annapolis,  Maryland,  42 

Baltimore,  39 

Cumberland,      "  201 

Richmond,        Virginia,  131 

Peterborough,        "  122 

Norfolk,                    "  200 

Raleigh,       North  Carolina,  316 

Wilmington,  416 

Columbia,  South  Carolina,  523 

Charleston,           "  540 

Milledgeville,  Georgia,  832 

Savannah,              "  630 

Augusta,                "  510 

Macon,                   "  689 

Tallahassee,  Florida  961 

Montgomery,  Alabama,  900 

Mobile,                   "  1033 

Jackson,  Mississippi,  1097 

Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  1299 

New  Orleans,          "  1260 

Austin,      Texas,  1813 

Galveston,      "  1888 

Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  1087 

Nashville,  Tennessee,  777 

Memphis,          "  893 

Frankfort,  Kentucky,  742 

Lexington,          "  736 

Louisville,           "  785 

Columbus,  Ohio,  535 


Place.  Mllci. 

Chillicothe,      Ohio,  512 

Cincinnati,          "  655 

Cleveland,           "  616 

Dayton,               "  COS 

Hamilton,            "  C41 

Marietta,             "  418 

Mount  Vernon,    '  527 

Sandusky,            '  577 

Springfield,          '  580 

Toledo,                 '  630 

Xenia,                   '  690 

Zanesville,            '  476 

Indianapolis,  Indiana,  722 

Fort  Wayne,        "  694 

La  Fayette,          "  788 

Logansport,         "  760 

Madison,              "  740 

New  Albany,        "  797 

Terre  Haute,        "  795 

Vincennes,           "  848 

Springfield,  Illinois,  963 

Bloomiugton,     "  913 

Cairo,                  "  1052 

Chicago,             "  844 

Decatur,             "  924 

Galena,               "  1016 

Peoria,                "  938 

Quincy,               "  1076 

Lansing,        Michigan,         •  747 

Ann  Arbor,           "  732 

Detroit,                "  694 

Grand  Rapids,      "  853 

Monroe,                "  654 

Jefferson  City,  Missouri,  1079 

St.  Louis,                 "  952 

St.  Joseph,              "  1448 

DCS  Moines,  Iowa,  1200 

Burlington,        "  1052 

Davenport,         '  1027 

Iowa  City,           '  1081 

Muscatine,          '  1065 

Dubuque,            '  1034 

Madison,  Wisconsin,  976 

Janesville,        <  936 

Milwaukee,       '  931 

Racine,              '  907 

Sacramento  City,  California,  3173 

Marysville,                     "  3268 

San  Francisco,              "  3353 

Stockton,                      "  3289 

St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  1293 

Salem,  Oregon,  3744 

Topeka,  Kansas,  1307 

Wheeling,  West  Virginia,  467 

Carson  City,  Nevada,  3004 

Omaha,  Nebraska,  1337 
Santa  Fe,  Territory  of  New  Mexico,  2122 
Salt  Lake  City,  Territory  of  Utah,  2431 
Olympia,  Washington  Territory,  3G25 

Golden  City,  Colorado  1856 

Yancton,  Dacotah  1404 

Prescott,  Arizona  2928 

Boise  City,  Idaho  2824 

Virginia  City,  Montana  2837 


STATISTICAL    EEOOEDS.  553 


ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENTS. 


STATE  DEPARTMENT. 

This  Department  is  managed  by  the  Secretary  of  State,  and  two  Assistant  Secretaries. 

DIPLOMATIC  BRANCH. 

This  branch  has  charge  of  all  correspondence  between  the  Department  and  other 
diplomatic  agents  of  the  United  States,  abroad,  and  those  of  foreign  powers  accredited 
to  this  Government.  In  it  all  diplomatic  instructions  sent  from  the  Department,  and 
communications  to  Commissioners  under  treaties  of  boundaries,  etc.,  are  prepared, 
copied,  and  recorded;  and  all  of  like  character  received  are  registered  and  filed,  their 
contents  being  first  entered  in  an  analytic  table  or  index. 

CONSULAR  BRANCH. 

This  branch  has  charge  of  the  correspondence,  etc.,  between  the  Department  and  the 
Consuls  and  Commercial  Agents  of  the  United  States.  In  it  instructions  to  those  offi 
cers,  and  answers  to  their  despatches  and  to  letters  from  other  persons  asking  for  con 
sular  agency,  or  relating  to  consular  affairs,  are  prepared  and  recorded. 

THE  DISBURSING  AGENT. 

He  has  charge  of  all  correspondence  and  other  matters  connected  with  accounts  re 
lating  to  any  fund  with  the  disbursement  of  which  the  Department  is  charged. 

THE  TRANSLATOR. 

His  duties  are  to  furnish  such  translations  as  the  Department  may  require.  He  also 
records  the  commissions  of  Consuls  and  Vice-Consuls,  when  not  in  English,  upon 
which  exequaturs  are  issued. 

CLERK  OP  APPOINTMENTS  AND  COMMISSIONS. 

He  makes  out  and  records  sommissions,  letters  of  appointment,  and  nominations  to 
the  Senate ;  makes  out  and  records  exequaturs,  and  records,  when  in  English,  the  com 
missions  on  which  they  are  issued.  Has  charge  of  the  library. 

CLERK  OF  THE  ROLLS  AND  ARCHIVES. 

He  takes  charge  of  the  rolls,  or  enrolled  acts  and  resolutions  of  Congress,  as  they  are 
received  at  the  Department  from  the  President ;  prepares  the  authenticated  copies  there 
of  which  are  called  for;  prepares  for  and  superintends  their  publication,  and  that  of 
treaties,  in  the  newspapers  and  in  book  form;  attends  to  their  distribution  throughout 
the  United  States,  and  that  of  all  documents  and  publications  in  regard  to  which  this 
duty  is  assigned  to  the  Department;  writing  and  answering  all  letters  connected  there 
with.  Has  charge  of  all  Indian  treaties,  and  business  relating  thereto. 

CLERK   OF   TERRITORIAL  BUSINESS — THE  SEAL   OF   THE  DEPARTMENT. 

He  has  charge  of  the  seals  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  Department,  and  prepares 
and  attaches  certificates  to  papers  presented  for  authentication;  has  charge  of  the  ter 
ritorial  business ;  immigration  and  registered  seamen;  records  all  letters  from  the  De 
partment  other  than  the  diplomatic  and  consular. 

CLERK   OF    PARDONS  AND  PASSPORTS. 

He  prepares  and  records  pardons  and  remissions,  and  registers  and  files  the  petitions 
and  papers  on  which  they  are  founded.  Makes  out  and  records  passports ;  keeps  a 


554  STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


daily  register  of  all  letters,  other  than  diplomatic  and  consular,  received,  and  of  the 
disposition  made  of  them ;  prepares  letters  relating  to  this  business. 

SUPERINTENDENT  OF    STATISTICS. 

He  superintends  the  preparation  of  the  "  Annual  Eeport  of  the  Secretary  of  State  on 
Foreign  Commerce,"  as  required  by  the  Acts  of  1842  and  1856. 


ATTORNEY-GENERAL'S  OFFICE. 

The  Attorney-General  of  the  United  States  is  at  the  head  of  this  office,  and  has  ail 
Assistant  Attorney-General.  Its  ordinary  business  may  be  classified  uuder  the  follow 
ing  heads :  — 

1.  Official  opinions  on  the  current  business  of  the  Government,  as  called  for  by  the 
President,  by  any  head  of  Department,  or  by  the  Solicitor  of  the  Treasury. 

2.  Examination  of  the  titles  of  all  land  purchased,  as  the  sites  of  arsenals,  custom 
houses,  light-houses,  and  all  other  public  works  of  the  United  States. 

3.  Applications  for  pardons  in  all  cases  of  conviction  in  the  courts  of  the  United 
States. 

4.  Applications  for  appointment  in  all  the  judicial  and  legal  business  of  the  Govern 
ment. 

6.  The  conduct  and  argument  of  all  suits  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
in  which  the  Government  is  concerned. 

6.  The  supervision  of  all  other  suits  arising  in  any  of  the  Departments,  when  re 
ferred  by  the  head  thereof  to  the  Attorney-General. 

To  these  ordinary  heads  of  the  business  of  the  office  has  been  added  the  direction  of 
all  appeals  on  land  claims  in  California. 


INTERIOR  DEPARTMENT. 

This  Department  is  in  charge  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  and  one  Assistant  Sec 
retary,  who  have  the  supervision  and  management  of  the  following  branches  of  the 
public  service :  — 

THE  PUBLIC   LANDS. 

The  chief  of  this  office  is  called  the  Commissioner  of  the  General  Laud  Office.  It  is 
charged  with  the  survey,  management,  and  sale  of  the  public  domain,  and  the  issuing 
of  titles  therefor,  whether  derived  from  confirmation  of  grants  made  by  former  gov 
ernments,  by  sales,  donations,  of  grants  for  schools,  military  bounties,  or  public 
improvements,  and  likewise  the  revision  of  Virginia  military  bounty  land  claims, 
and  the  issuing  of  scrip  in  lieu  thereof.  The  Land  OiHce,  also,  audits  its  own  ac 
counts. 

PENSIONS. 

The  Commissioner  of  this  bureau  is  charged  with  the  examination  and  adjudication 
of  all  claims  arising  under  the  various  and  numerous  laws  passed  by  Congress,  granting 
bounty-laud  or  pensions  for  the  military  or  naval  service  in  the  Revolutionary  and  sub 
sequent  wars  in  which  the  United  States  have  been  engaged. 

INDIANS. 

This  bureau  is  In  charge  of  a  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs,  who  has  control  of  all 
business  connected  with  the  Indian  tribes. 

PATENT   OFFICE. 

To  this  bureau,  whose  head  is  called  a  Commissioner,  is  committed  the  execution 
and  performance  of  all  "acts  and  things  touching  and  respecting  the  granting  and  is 
suing  of  patents  for  new  and  useful  discoveries,  inventions,  and  improvements ;  "  and 
the  collection  of  statistics. 

An  Act  of  Congress  provided  that  all  books,  maps,  charts,  and  other  publications 


STATISTICAL    KECOEDS.  555 


heretofore  deposited  in  the  Department  of  State,  according  to  the  laws  regulating 
copyrights,  should  be  removed  to  the  Department  of  the  Interior,  which  is  charged 
with  all  the  duties  connected  with  matters  pertaining  to  copyright;  which  duties  have 
been  assigned  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  to  the  Patent  Office,  as  belonging  most 
appropriately  to  this  branch  of  the  service. 

Besides  the  above  principal  branches  of  this  Executive  Department,  the  organic  act 
of  1849  transferred  to  it,  from  the  Treasury  Department,  the  supervision  of  the  ac 
counts  of  the  United  States  Marshals  and  Attorneys,  and  the  Clerks  of  the  United 
States  Courts,  the  management  of  the  lead  and  other  mines  of  the  United  States,  and 
the  affairs  of  the  Penitentiary  of  the  United  States  in  the  District  of  Columbia;  and 
from  the  State  Department,  the  duty  of  taking  and  returning  the  Censuses  of  the 
United  States,  and  of  supervising  and  directing  the  acts  of  the  Commissioner  of  Pub 
lic  Buildings.  The  Hospital  for  the  Insane  of  the  Army  and  Navy,  and  of  the  District 
of  Columbia  is  also  under  the  management  of  this  Department.  It  also  has  jurisdic 
tion  over  what  is  called  the  Returns  Office,  where  all  the  contracts  made  by  the  Gov 
ernment  are  deposited  for  reference. 

Under  act  of  February  5,  1859,  "  providing  for  keeping  and  distributing  all  public 
documents,  all  the  books,  documents,  etc.,  printed  or  purchased  by  the  Government," 
the  Annals  of  Congress,  American  State  Papers,  American  Archives,  Jefferson's  and 
Adams's  works,  are  transferred  to  this  Department  from  the  State  Department,  Library 
of  Congress,  and  elsewhere.  These  works  are  distributed  to  those  who  are  bylaw 
entitled  to  receive  them,  and  to  such  "colleges,  public  libraries,  athenaeums,  literary 
and  scientific  institutions,  boards  of  trade,  or  public  associations,"  as  shall  be  desig 
nated  by  the  members  of  Congress. 

DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

This  branch  of  public  business  is  in  charge  of  a  Commissioner,  and  has  been  re 
organized  into  a  Department,  and  is  independent  of  the  Interior  Department,  of  which 
it  was  formerly  a  subordinate  bureau. 

BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION. 

This  is  an  independent  Bureau,  the  duties  of  which  may  be  gathered  from  its  title, 
and  is  in  charge  of  a  Commissioner. 


TREASURY  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Treasury  Department  is  in  charge  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  and  two  As 
sistant  Secretaries,  and  the  following  is  a  brief  indication  of  the  duties  of  the  several 
bureaus : — 

SECRETARY'S  OFFICE. 

The  Secretary  is  charged  with  the  general  supervision  of  the  fiscal  transactions  of 
the  Government,  and  of  the  execution  of  the  laws  concerning  the  commerce  and  navi 
gation  of  the  United  States.  He  superintends  the  survey  of  the  coast,  the  light-house 
establishment,  the  marine  hospitals  of  the  United  States,  and  the  construction  of  cer 
tain  public  buildings  for  custom-houses  and  other  purposes. 

FIRST  COMPTROLLER'S  OFFICE. 

He  prescribes  the  mode  of  keeping  and  rendering  accounts  for  the  civil  and  diplo 
matic  service,  as  well  as  the  public  lands,  and  revises  and  certifies  the  balances  arising 
thereon. 

SECOND  COMPTROLLER'S  OFFICE. 

He  prescribes  the  mode  of  keeping  and  rendering  the  accounts  of  the  Army  and 
Navy,  and  of  the  Indian  and  Pension  Bureaus,  of  the  public  service,  and  revises  and 
certifies  the  balances  arising  thereon. 

OFFICE  COMMISSIONER  OF  CUSTOMS. 

He  prescribes  the  mode  of  keeping  and  rendering  the  accounts  of  the  customs  revenue 
and  disbursements,  and  for  the  building  and  repairing  custom-houses,  etc.,  and  revises 
and  certifies  the  balances  arising  thereon. 


556  STATISTICAL    BECOKDS. 


FIRST  AUDITOR'S  OFFICE. 

He  receives  and  adjusts  the  accounts  of  the  customs  revenue  and  disbursements,  appro 
priations  and  expenditures  on  the  account  of  the  civil  list  and  under  private  acts  of 
Congress,  and  reports  the  balances  to  the  Commissioner  of  the  Customs  and  the  First 
Comptroller,  respectively,  for  their  decision  thereon. 

SECOND  AUDITOR'S  OFFICE. 

He  receives  and  adjusts  all  accounts  relating  to  the  pay,  clothing,  and  recruiting  of 
the  army,  as  well  as  armories,  arsenals,  and  ordnance,  and  all  accounts  relating  to  the 
Indian  Department,  and  reports  the  balances  to  the  Second  Comptroller  for  his  decision 
thereon. 

THIRD  AUDITOR'S  OFFICE. 

He  receives  and  adjusts  all  accounts  for  subsistence  of  the  army,  fortifications,  Mili 
tary  Academy,  military  roads,  and  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  as  well  as  for  pen 
sions,  claims  arising  from  military  services  previous  to  1816,  and  for  horses  and  other 
property  lost  in  the  military  service,  under  various  acts  of  Congress,  and  reports  the 
balances  to  the  Second  Comptroller  for  his  decision  thereon. 

FOURTH  AUDITOR'S  OFFICE. 

He  receives  and  adjusts  all  accounts  for  the  service  of  the  Navy  Department,  and 
reports  the  balances  to  the  Second  Comptroller  for  his  decision  thereon. 

FIFTH  AUDITOR'S  OFFICE. 

He  receives  and  adjusts  all  accounts  for  diplomatic  and  similar  services  performed 
under  the  direction  of  the  State  Department,  and  reports  the  balances  to  the  First  Comp 
troller  for  his  decision  thereon. 

SIXTH  AUDITOR'S  OFFICE. 

He  receives  and  adjusts  all  accounts  arising  from  the  service  of  the  Post  Office  Depart 
ment.  His  decisions  are  final,  unless  an  appeal  be  taken  in  twelve  months  to  the  First 
Comptroller.  He  superintends  the  collection  of  all  debts  due  the  Post  Office  Department, 
and  all  penalties  and  forfeitures  imposed  on  postmasters  and  mail  contractors  for  failing 
to  do  their  duty;  he  directs  suits  and  legal  proceedings,  civil  and  criminal,  and  takes 
all  such  measures  as  may  be  authorized  by  law  to  enforce  the  prompt  payment  of  moneys 
due  to  the  department ;  instructing  United  States  attorneys,  marshals,  and  clerks  in  all 
matters  relating  thereto ;  and  receives  returns  from  each  term  of  the  United  States  Courts 
of  the  condition  and  progress  of  such  suits  and  legal  proceedings ;  has  charge  of  all 
lands  and  other  property  assigned  to  the  United  States  in  payment  of  debts  due  the 
Post  Office  Department,  and  has  power  to  sell  and  dispose  of  the  same  for  the  benefit 
of  the  United  States. 

TREASURER'S  OFFICE. 

He  receives  and  keeps  the  moneys  of  the  United  States  in  his  own  office,  and  that  of 
the  depositaries  created  by  the  Act  of  August  6,  1846,  and  pays  out  the  same  upon  war 
rants  drawn  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  countersigned  by  the  First  Comptroller, 
and  upon  warrants  drawn  by  the  Postmaster-General,  countersigned  by  the  Sixth 
Auditor,  and  recorded  by  the  Register.  He  also  holds  public  moneys  advanced  by  war 
rants  to  disbursing  officers,  and  pays  out  the  same  upon  their  checks. 

REGISTER'S  OFFICE. 

He  keeps  the  accounts  of  public  receipts  and  expenditures ;  receives  the  returns  and 
makes  out  the  official  statement  of  commerce  and  navigation  of  the  United  States;  and 
receives  from  the  First  Comptroller  and  Commissioner  of  Customs  all  accounts  and 
vouchers  decided  by  them,  and  is  charged  by  law  with  their  safe- keeping. 

SOLICITOR'S  OFFICE. 

He  superintends  all  civil  suits  commenced  by  the  United  States  (except  those  arising 
in  the  Post  Office  Department),  and  instructs  the  United  States  attorneys,  marshals,  and 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  557 


clerks  in  all  matters  relating  to  them  and  their  results.  He  receives  returns  from  each 
term  of  the  United  States  Courts,  showing  the  progress  and  condition  of  such  suits; 
has  charge  of  all  lands  and  other  property  assigned  to  the  United  States  in  payment  of 
debts  (except  those  assigned  inpayments  of  debts  due  the  Post  Office  Department),  and  has 
power  to  sell  and  dispose  of  the  same  for  the  benefit  of  the  United  States. 

LIGHT-HOUSE  BOARD. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury  ex-officio  President.  This  board  directs  the  building  and 
repairing  of  light-houses,  light-vessels,  buoys,  and  beacons,  contracts  for  supplies  of 
oil,  etc. 

UNITED   STATES   COAST   SUKVEY. 

It  has  one  Superintendent,  who  is  also  Superintendent  of  Weights  and  Measures.  All 
the  charts  of  the  Government  emanate  from  this  office. 

INTERNAL  BEVENUE  OFFICE. 

A  Commissioner,  who  has  charge  of  all  matters  connected  with  the  Tax  Laws.  • 

COMPTROLLER  OF  THE  CURRENCY. 

The  head  of  this  office  has  charge  of  everything  connected  with  the  issuing  of 
money. 

BUREAU  OF  CONSTRUCTION. 

This  office  is  in  charge  of  a  Supervising  Architect  and  two  assistant  architects. 

UNITED  STATES  MINT. 

This  establishment  is  located  in  Philadelphia,  but  is  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
Treasury  Department. 

To  the  above  list  may  be  added  a  Special  Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue,  a  Di 
rector  of  Statistics,  and  a  Supervising  Architect. 


POST  OFFICE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  direction  and  management  of  this  Department  are  assigned  by  the  Constitution 
and  laws  to  the  Postmaster-General.  That  its  business  may  be  the  more  conveniently 
arranged  and  prepared  for  its  final  action,  it  is  distributed  among  several  bureaus,  as 
follows  :  The  Appointment  Office,  in  charge  of  the  First  Assistant  P6stm:ister-General ; 
the  Contract  Office,  including  the  Inspection  Division,  in  charge  of  the  Second  Assist 
ant  Postmaster-General ;  the  Finance  Office,  in  charge  of  the  Third  Assistant  Post 
master-General  ;  and  the  Money-order  Office,  in  charge  of  its  Superintendent. 

APPOINTMENT  OFFICE. — To  this  order  is  assigned  all  business  which  relates  to  the 
establishment  and  discontinuance  of  post  offices,  changes  of  sites  and  names,  appoint 
ment  and  removal  of  postmasters,  route  and  local  agents,  also  the  giving  of  instruc 
tions  to  postmasters.  Postmasters  are  furnished  with  marking  and  rating  stamps  and 
letter  balances  by  this  bureau,  which  is  also  charged  with  providing  blanks  and  sta 
tionery  for  the  use  of  the  Department,  and  with  the  superintendence  of  the  several 
agencies  established  for  supplying  postmasters  with  blanks,  wrapping-paper,  and  twine. 
To  this  bureau  is  likewise  assigned  the  supervision  of  the  ocean  mail  steamship  lines, 
and  foreign  postal  arrangements ;  also  the  readjustment  of  postmasters'  salaries,  once 
in  two  years,  uuder  the  act  approved  1st  July,  1864,  and  in  special  cases,  as  much 
oftener  as  may  be  deemed  necessary ;  also,  application  for  allowances,  in  post  offices  of 
the  first  and  second  classes,  for  rent,  fuel,  lights,  and  clerks,  are  examined  in  this  office 
and  submitted  to  the  Postmaster-General  for  his  decision ;  also,  all  applications  for 
allowances  at  separating  offices  are  examined  and  reported  upon  in  this  office. 

CONTRACT  OFFICE. — To  this  office  is  assigned  the  business  of  arranging  the  mail 
service  of  the  United  States,  and  placing  the  same  uuder  contract,  embracing  all  cor 
respondence  and  proceedings  respecting  the  frequency  of  trips,  mode  of  conveyance ; 


558  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


and  times  of  departures  and  arrivals  on  all  the  routes;  the  course  of  the  mail  between 
the  different  sections  of  the  country,  the  points  of  mail  distribution,  and  the  regula 
tions  for  the  government  of  the  domestic  mail  service  of  the  United  States.  It  pre 
pares  the  advertisements  for  mail  proposals,  receives  the  bids,  and  has  charge  of  the 
annual  and  occasional  mail  lettings,  and  the  adjustment  and  execution  of  the  contracts. 
All  applications  for  the  establishment  or  alteration  of  mail  arrangements  and  for  mail 
messengers,  should  be  sent  to  this  office.  All  claims  should  be  submitted  to  it  for 
transportation  service  not  under  contract.  From  this  office  all  postmasters  at  the  ends 
of  routes  receive  the  statement  of  mail  arrangements  prescribed  for  the  respective 
routes,  and  to  it  application  should  be  made  for  mail  bags,  locks  and  keys.  It  reports 
weekly  to  the  Auditor  all  contracts  executed,  and  all  orders  affecting  accounts  for  mail 
transportation ;  prepares  the  statistical  exhibits  of  the  mail  service,  and  the  reports  to 
Congress  of  the  mail  lettings,  giving  a  statement  of  each  bid;  also  of  the  contracts 
made,  the  new  service  originated,  the  curtailments  ordered,  and  the  additional  allow 
ances  granted  within  the  year. 

[INSPECTION  DIVISION.] — This  division,  formerly  a  distinct  office,  is  now  merged  in 
and  made  part  of  the  Contract  Office.  To  this  division  is  assigned  the  duty  of  re 
ceiving  and  examining  the  registers  of  the  arrivals  and  departures  of  the  mails,  certifi 
cates  of  the  service  of  route  agents,  and  reports  of  mail  failures;  noting  the 
delinquencies  of  contractors,  and  preparing  cases  thereon  for  the  action  of  the 
Postmaster-General;  furnishing  blanks  for  mail  registers,  reports  of  mail  failures,  and 
other  duties  which  may  be  necessary  to  secure  a  faithful  and  exact  performance  of  all 
mail  contracts  and  service. 

All  cases  of  mail  depredation,  or  violation  of  law  by  private  expresses,  or  by  the 
forging  or  illegal  use  of  postage  stamps,  are  uuder  the  supervision  of  this  office,  and 
should  be  reported  to  it. 

All  communications  respecting  lost  money,  lost  letters,  mail  depredations  or  other 
violations  of  law,  should  be  directed ."  Contract  Office,  Inspection  Division,  Post  Office 
Department." 

All  registers  of  the  arrivals  and  departures  of  the  mails,  certificates  of  the  service 
of  route  agents,  and  clerks  in  railway  post  offices,  reports  of  mail  failures,  applications 
for  blank  registers,  and  reports  of  failures,  and  all  complaints  against  contractors  for 
irregular  or  imperfect  service,  should  be  directed  "  Contract  Office,  Inspection  Divis 
ion,  Post  Office  Department." 

[TOPOGRAPHICAL  DIVISION.] — The  Topographical  Division  of  the  Department,  at 
tached  to  the  Contract  Office,  consisting  of  the  Topographer  of  the  department  and 
assistants,  is  charged  with  the  preparation  of  the  post-route  maps  and  diagrams,  and 
with  the  keeping  up  of  the  geographical  information  requisite  for  the  various  branches 
of  the  postal  service. 

Communications  for  this  division  (including  contributions  of  maps  and  diagrams, 
which,  for  their  general  utility,  are  earnestly  requested)  should  be  directed  "  Second 
Assistant  Postmaster-General,  Topographer,  Post  Office  Department." 

FINANCE  OFFICS. — To  this  office  is  assigned  the  issuing  of  warrants  and  drafts,  in 
payment  of  balances  reported  by  the  Auditor  to  be  due  to  mail  contractors  and  other' 
persons,  and  the  superintendence  of  the  rendition  by  postmasters  of  their  quarterly 
returns  of  postages.  It  has  charge  of  the  DEAD-LETTER  OFFICE,  and  of  the  issuing  of 
postage  stamps  and  stamped  envelopes  for  the  prepayment  of  postage. 

To  this  office  postmasters  at  draft  offices  should  direct  their  letters  reporting  quar 
terly  the  net  proceeds  of  their  offices,  and  those  at  depositing  offices  their  certificates 
of  deposit ;  to  him  should  also  be  directed  the  weekly  and  monthly  returns  of  the 
depositaries  of  the  department,  as  well  as  all  applications  and  receipts  for  postage 
stamps  and  stamped  envelopes,  and  for  dead  letters. 

To  THE  AUDITOR  FOR  THE  POST  OFFICE  DEPARTMENT  postmasters  should  address 
their  quarterly  accounts  and  all  correspondence  in  relation  thereto. 

MONEY-ORDER  OFFICE. — To  this  office  is  assigned  the  general  supervision  and  con 
trol  of  the  postal  money-order  system  throughout  the  United  States. 

KATES  OF  DOMESTIC  POSTAGE. 

The  law  requires  postage  on  all  letters  (including  those  to  foreign  countries  when 
prepaid),  excepting  those  written  to  the  President  or  Vice-President,  or  members  of 
Congress,  or  (on  official  business)  to  the  chiefs  of  the  executive  departments  of  the 
government,  and  the  heads  of  bureaus  and  chief  clerks,  and  others  invested  with  the 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  550 

franking  privilege,  to  be  prepaid  by  stamps  or  stamped  envelopes,  prepayment  in 
money  being  prohibited. 

All  drop  letters  must  be  prepaid.  The  rate  of  postage  on  drop  letters,  at  offices  where 
free  delivery  by  carrier  is  established,  is  two  cents  per  half  ounce,  or  fraction  of  a 
half  ounce;  at  offices  where  such  free  delivery  is  not  established,  the  rate  is  one  cent. 

The  single  rate  of  postage  on  all  domestic  mail  letters  throughout  the  United  States 
is  three  cents  per  half  ounce,  with  an  additional  rate  of  three  cents  for  each  additional 
half  ounce,  or  fraction  of  a  half  ounce.  The  ten-cent  (Pacific)  rate  is  abolished. 

RATES    OF    LETTER    POSTAGE    BETWEEN    OFFICES  IN  THE    UNITED    STATES,    AND   TO   AND 
FROM  CANADA  AND   OTHER  BRITISH  NO11TII  AMERICAN  PROVINCES. 

To  and  from  Canada  and  New  Brunswick,  10  cents  per  half  ounce,  irrespective  of 
distance. 
To  and  from  other  British  North  American  provinces  for  a  distance  not  over 

3,000  miles 10  cents. 

For  any  distance  over  3,000  miles 15      " 

For  every  additional  half  ounce,  or  fraction  of  a  half  ounce,  an  additional  rate  is 
charged.  Prepayment  is  optional  on  all  letters  for  the  British  North  American  prov 
inces,  except  Newfoundland,  to  which  prepayment  is  compulsory. 

Letter  postage  is  to  be  charged  on  all  handbills,  circulars,  or  other  printed  matter 
which  shall  contain  any  manuscript  writing  whatever. 

Daguerreotypes,  when  sent  in  the  mail,  are  to  be  charged  with  letter  postage  by 
weight. 

Photographs  on  cards,  paper,  and  other  flexible  material  (not  in  cases,  can  be  sent 
at  the  same  rate  as  miscellaneous  printed  matter,  viz.,  two  cents  for  each  four  ounces, 
or  fraction  thereof. 

Photographic  Albums  are  chargeable  with  book  postage— four  cents  for  each  four 
ounces,  or  fraction  thereof. 

Postage  on  Daily  papers  to  subscribers,  when  prepaid  quarterly  or  yearly  in  advance 
either  at  the  mailing  office  or  office  of  delivery, 

per  quarter  (three  months)  35  cents. 

Six  times  per  week, "  "  "  30      " 

For  Tri- weekly, "  "  "  15      " 

For  Semi-weekly, "  "  "  10      " 

ForWeekly "  "  "  5      " 

WEEKLY  NEWSPAPERS  (one  copy  only)  sent  by  the  publisher  to  actual  subscribers,  by 
mail,  within  the  county  where  printed  and  published,  free. 

POSTAGE  PER  QUARTER  (to  be  paid  quarterly  or  yearly  in  advance)  on  NEWSPAPERS  and 
PERIODICALS  issued  less  frequently  than  once  a  wse/c,  sent  to  actual  subscribers  in  any 
part  of  the  United  States  : — 

Semi-monthly,  not  over  4  oz G  cents. 

"              over  4  oz.  and  not  over  8  oz 12 

"              over  8  oz.  and  not  over  12  oz 18 

Monthly,  not  over  4  oz 3 

"      over  4  oz.  and  not  over  8  oz 6 

"      over  8  oz.  and  not  over  12  oz 9 

Quarterly,  not  over  4  oz 1 

"         over  4  oz.  and  not  over  8  oz 2 

"          over  8  oz.  tind  not  over  12  oz 3 

Quarterly  postage  cannot  be  paid  for  less  than  three  months.  The  law  only  requires 
that  at  least  one  quarter's  postage  shall  be  prepaid,  and  not  more  than  one  year's 
postage.  Any  term  between  one  quarter  and  one  year  can  therefore  be  prepaid  at 
proportionate  rates. 

PUBLISHERS  OF  NEWSPAPERS  AND  PERIODICALS  may  send  to  each  other  from  their 
respective  offices  of  publication,  free  of  postage,  one  copy  of  each  publication,  and 
may  also  send  to  each  actual  subscriber,  enclosed  in  their  publications,  bills'  and 
receipts  for  the  same,  free  of  postage.  They  may  also  state,  on  their  respective 
publications,  the  date  when  the  subscription  expires,  to  be  written  or  printed. 

Religious,  Educational,  and  Agricultural  Newspapers  of  small  size,  issued  less  fre 
quently  than  once  a  week,  may  be  sent  in  packages  to  one  address  at  the  rate  of  one 


560     '  STATISTICAL    RECOEDS. 


cent  for  each  package  not  exceeding  four  ounces  in  weight,  and  an  additional  charge 
of  one  cent  is  made  for  each  additional  four  ounces,  or  fraction  thereof,  the  post 
age  to  be  paid  quarterly  or  yearly  in  advance. 

NEWS-DEALERS  may  send  newspapers  and  periodicals  to  regular  subscribers  at  the 
quarterly  rates,  in  the  same  manner  as  publishers,  and  may  also  receive  them  from 
publishers  at  subscribers'  rates.  In  both  cases  the  postage  to  be  prepaid,  either  at 
the  mailing  or  delivery  office. 

Publications  issued  without  disclosing  the  office  of  publication,  or  containing  a  ficti 
tious  statement  thereof,  must  not  be  forwarded  by  postmasters  unless  prepaid  at 
the  mailing  office  at  the  rates  of  transient  printed  matter. 

[All  printed  matter  (except  single  copies  of  newspapers,  magazines,  and  periodicals  to 
regular  subscribers)  sent  via  Overland  Mail,  is  to  be  charged  at  letter  postage  rates.] 

BOOKS  not  over  4  oz.  in  weight,  to  one  address,  4  cents ;  over  4  oz.  and  not  over  8  oz., 
8  cents ;  over  8  oz.  and  not  over  12  oz.,  12  cents ;  over  12  oz.  and  not  over  16  oz.,  16 
cents. 

CIRCULARS,  not  exceeding  three  in  number,  to  one  address,  2  cents ;  over  three  and 
not  over  six,  4  cents;  over  six  and  not  over  nine,  6  cents,  over  nine  and  not  exceed 
ing  twelve,  8  cents. 

ON  MISCELLANEOUS  MAILABLE  MATTER  (embracing  all  pamphlets,  occasional  publica 
tions,  transient  newspapers,  handbills  and  posters,  book  manuscripts  and  proof- 
sheets,  whether  corrected  or  not,  maps,  prints,  engravings,  sheet  music,  blanks, 
flexible  patterns,  samples  and  sample  cards,  phonographic  paper,  letter  envelopes, 
postal  envelopes  or  wrappers,  cards,  paper,  plain  or  ornamental,  photographic  rep 
resentations  of  different  types,  seeds,  cuttings,  bulbs,  roots  and  scions),  tlie  postage 
to  be  prepaid  by  stamps,  is,  on  one  package  to  one  address,  not  over  4  o/.  in 
weight,  2  cents;  over  4  oz.  and  not  over  8  oz.,  4  cents;  over  8  oz.  and  not  over  12 
oz.,  6  cents ;  over  12  oz.  and  not  over  16  oz.,  8  cents. 

By  a  recent  order  of  the  Postmaster-General,  the  fifth  subdivision  of  the  42d  instruc 
tion  of  the  new  post  office  law  has  been  amended  by  striking  out  the  word  twelve 
and  inserting  thirty-two  before  the  word  ounces,  so  that  it  shall  read  as  follows  : 
"  The  weight  of  packages  of  seeds,  cuttings,  roots  and  scions,  to  be  franked,  is 
limited  to  thirty-two  ounces." 

All  mail  matter  not  sent  at  letter-rates  of  postage,  embracing  books,  book  manuscripts, 
proof-sheets,  and  other  printed  matter,  and  all  other  mail  matter,  except  seeds, must  be 
so  wrapped  or  enveloped  with  open  sides  or  ends  as  to  enable  the  postmaster  to  ex 
amine  the  package  without  destroying  the  wrapper,  otherwise  such  packages  must 
be  rated  with  letter  postage.  No  communication,  whether  in  writing  or  in  print,  can 
be  sent  with  any  seeds,  roots,  cuttings,  or  scions,  maps,  engravings,  or  other  matter 
not  printed,  except  upon  the  separate  payment  of  postage  upon  each  separate  matter 
at  the  established  rates. 

Exchange  newspapers  and  periodicals  cannot  be  remailed  without  being  chargeable 
with  postage. 

Where  packages  of  newspapers  or  periodicals  are  received  at  any  post  ojfize  directed  to 
one  address,  and  the  names  of  the  club  of  subscribers  to  which  they  belong,  with 
the  postage  for  a  quarter  in  advance,  shall  be  handed  to  the  postmaster,  he  shall  de 
liver  the  same  to  their  respective  owner.  But  this  does  not  apply  to  weekly  news 
papers  which  circulate  free  in  the  county  where  printed  and  published. 

Weekly  newspapers  and  all  other  printed  matter  to  the  British  North  American  Prov 
inces,  although  sent  from  countries  bordering  on  the  line,  are  chargeable  with  the 
same  rates  as  when  sent  to  any  point  in  the  United  States. 

All  transient  matter  must  be  prepaid  by  stamps.  But  if  it  comes  to  the  offioe  of  de 
livery  without  prepayment  or  short-paid,  the  unpaid  postage  must  be  paid  on  deliv 
ery  at  double  the  prepaid  rate. 

To  enclose  or  conceal  a  letter  or  other  thing  (except  bills  and  receipts  for  subscription) 
in,  or  to  write  or  print  anything,  after  its  publication,  upon  any  newspaper,  pam 
phlet,  magazine  or  other  printed  matter,  is  illegal,  and  subjects  such  printed  matter, 
and  the  entire  package  of  which  it  is  a  part,  to  letter  postage. 

Any  word  or  communication,  whether  by  printing,  writing,  marks,  or  signs  upon  the 
cover  or  wrapper  of  a  newspaper,  pamphlet,  magazine  or  other  printed  matter, 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  561 


other  than  the  name  or  address  of  the  person  to  whom  it  is  to  be  sent,  and  the  date 
when  subscription  expires,  and  a  business  card  printed  on  the  wrapper  subjects  the 
package  to  letter  postage. 

The  rates  of  postage  to  Foreign  Countries  are  so  numerous,  so  various,  and  so 
changeable,  that  it  has  not  been  deemed  expedient  to  print  them  in  this  place,  but  the 
particulars  can  always  be  found  at  the  local  post  offices. 


NAVY  DEPARTMENT. 

The  duties  of  this  Department  are  distributed  through  the  Secretary's  office  and 
eight  bureaus,  namely :  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks ;  Bureau  of  Navigation ;  Bureau  of 
Ordnance  :  Bureau  of  Construction  and  Repair;  Bureau  of  Equipment  and  Recruiting; 
Bureau  of  Provisions  and  Clothing ;  Bureau  of  Steam  Engineering ;  and  Bureau  o* 
Medicine  and  Surgery. 

SECRETARY'S  OFFICE. 

The  Secretary  of  the  Navy  has  charge  of  everything  connected  with  the  naval  estab 
lishment,  and  all  the  duties  of  the  several  bureaus  are  performed  under  his  authority, 
and  their  orders  are  considered  as  emanating  from  him.  The  Secretary  issues  all  in 
structions  to  commanders  of  squadrons  and  vessels;  appointments  of  officers ;  commis 
sions;  requisitions  for  money,  etc.  The  general  superintendence  of  the  Marine  Corps 
attaches  to  the  Secretary,  and  the  orders  of  the  commandant  of  that  corps  are  approved 
by  him.  He  is  assisted  in  his  duties  by  one  Assistant  Secretary. 

OFFICE  OF  YARDS  AND  DOCKS. 

This  bureau  has  charge  of  the  navy  yards,  including  the  docks,  wharves,  buildings, 
and  machinery ;  the  regulation  of  labor,  and  the  general  police  of  the  yard.  The  Naval 
Asylum  is  attached  to  this  bureau. 

OFFICE  OF  NAVIGATION. 

This  bureau  has  charge  of  the  maps,  charts,  navigating  instruments,  flags,  signals, 
etc.  The  Naval  Academy,  Naval  Observatory,  and  Nautical  Almanac  are  attached 
to  it. 

OFFICE  OF  ORDNANCE. 

This  bureau  has  charge  of  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores,  the  manufacture  and  pur 
chase  of  cannon,  guns,  powder,  shot,  shell,  etc. 

OFFICE  OF  CONSTRUCTION  AND  REPAIR. 

This  bureau  has  charge  of  the  construction  and  repair  of  all  vessels-of-war. 

OFFICE  OF   EQUIPMENT  AND  RECRUITING. 

This  bureau  has  charge  of  the  enlistment  of  men  for  the  Navy ;  the  equipment  of 
vessels,  including  anchors,  cables,  rigging,  sails,  coal,  etc. 

OFFICE  OF  PROVISIONS  AND  CLOTHING. 

All  provisions  for  the  use  of  the  navy,  clothing,  and  small  stores,  come  under  the 
charge  of  this  bureau. 

OEFICE  OF  STEAM  ENGINEERING. 

The  construction  and  repair  of  steam  engines  for  the  Navy,  whether  in  the  navy 
ysrds  or  on  contract,  come  under  this  bureau. 

36 


562  STATISTICAL    RECOEDS. 


OFFICE  OF  MEDICINE  AND  SURGERY. 

Every  thing  relating  to  medicines  and  medical  stores,  treatment  of  sick  and  wounded, 
management  of  hospitals,  etc.,  comes  within  the  superintendence  of  this  ureau. 

MARINE  CORPS. 

This  corps  is  attached  to  the  navy,  and  the  immediate  supervision  of  all  the  duties 
connected  with  it  is  vested  in  a  colonel  commandant,  whose  orders  for  duty  are  ap 
proved  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy.  Attached  to  the  corps  is  one  quartermaster, 
two  assistant-quartermasters,  one  adjutant  and  inspector,  and  one  paymaster,  with  the 
duties  usually  appertaining  to  such  offices. 


WAR  DEPARTMENT. 

This  Department  is  in  charge  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  one  regular  Assistant. 
The  following  bureaus  are  attached  to  this  Department : — 

COMMANDING-GENERAL'S  OFFICE. 

The  duties  of  this  officer  comprise  the  arrangement  of  the  military  forces,  and  the 
superintendence  of  the  recruiting  service ;  he  attends  to  the  discipline  of  the  army ; 
orders  courts-martial;  and  it  is  his  province  to  see  that  the  laws  and  regulations  of  the 
army  are  enforced.  This  office  is  usually  located  in  Washington,  but  wherever  it  may 
be,  it  is  called  the  Head-quarters  of  the  Army. 

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S  OFFICE. 

In  this  office  are  kept  all  the  records  which  refer  to  the  personnel  of  the  army,  the 
rolls,  etc.,  and  where  all  military  commissions  are  made  out;  all  orders  which  emanate 
from  Headquarters  or  the  War  Department  proper,  pass  through  this  office ;  and  here 
are  received  all  the  annual  returns  from  the  army  and  militia  of  the  United  States. 

QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL'S  OFFICE. 

The  objects  of  this  bureau  are  to  insure  an  efficient  system  of  supply,  and  to  give 
facility  and  effect  to  the  movements  and  operations  of  the  army.  It  also  has  control 
of  the  barracks,  and  furnishes  the  clothing  and  all  transportation  that  may  be  required 
for  the  army. 

PAYMASTER-GENERAL'S  OFFICE. 
All  the  disbursements  in  money  are  made  to  the  army  from  this  office. 

COMMISSARY-GENERAL'S  OFFICE. 
This  office  is  charged  with  the  duty  of  purchasing  and  issuing  all  rations  to  the  army. 

SURGEON-GENERAL'S  OFFICE. 

All  matters  connected  with  medicine  and  surgery,  are  under  the  control  of  this  office, 
as  well  as  the  management  of  the  sick  and  wounded,  and  also  all  the  hospitals. 

ENGINEER'S  OFFICE. 

In  addition  to  a  general  direction  of  all  matters  connected  with  the  Engineer  Corps 
of  the  army,  this  office  is  also  charged  with  the  care  of  the  Military  Academy  at  West 
Point. 

TOPOGRAPHICAL  OFFICE. 

This  bureau  has  charge  of  all  topographical  operations  and  surveys  for  military  pur 
poses,  and  for  purposes  of  internal  improvement,  and  of  all  maps,  drawings,  and  docu 
ments  relating  to  those  duties. 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  563 


ORDNANCE  OFFICE. 

This  office  is  charged  with  the  control  of  the  arsenals  and  armories,  and  has  the 
superintendence  of  the  manufacture  of  the  arms  and  cannon,  and  the  custody  of  all 
ordnance  stores. 

OFFICE  OF  REFUGEES  AND  FREEDMEN. 

This  office  is  in  charge  of  a  Major-General  of  the  army,  who  has  several  assistants, 
including  a  Commissioner  and  a  Commissary  of  Subsistence. 

To  the  above  should  be  added  the  Bureau  of  Military  Justice,  that  of  the  Inspector- 
General,  and  that  of  the  Signal  Corps  of  the  Army,  whose  several  duties  will  be  readily 
understood. 


564  STATISTICAL    EECOKDS. 


THE 

SEVERAL    STATES    AND    TERRITORIES 

OF  THE 

AMERICAN    UNION. 


THE  THIRTEEN  ORIGINAL    STATES    THAT  FORMED  AND  CONFIRMED  THE    UNION,   BY  THE 
ADOPTION  OF  THE  CONSTITUTION,  ARE  AS  FOLLOWS  : — 

NEW  HAMPSHIKE. 

First  settled  at  Dover  and  Portsmouth,  in  1623,  by  the  English  Puritans. 

Embraced  under  the  charters  of  Massachusetts,  and  continued  under  the  same  juris 
diction  until  September  18, 1679,  when  a  separate  charter  and  government  was  granted. 
A  Constitution  was  formed  January  5,  1776,  which  was  altered  in  1784,  and  was  further 
altered  and  amended  February  13,  1792. 

This  State  ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  June  21,  1788. 

Area,  9,280  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  317,976 ;  1860,  326,073. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

First  settled  at  Plymouth,  by  English  Puritans  from  Holland,  who  landed  December 
22,  1620. 

Chartered  March  4,  1629 ;  also  chartered  January  13,  1630 ;  an  explanatory  charter 
granted  August  20,  1726;  and  more  completely  chartered  October  7,  1731.  Formed  a 
Constitution  March  2,  1780,  which  was  altered  and  amended  November  3,  1820,  and  on 
several  occasions  since  that  time. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  February  6,  1788. 

Area,  7,800  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  994,514;  1860,  1,231,066. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

First  settled  at  Providence,  in  1636,  by  Roger  Williams. 

Was  chartered  by  Parliament  in  1644 ;  by  King  Charles  II.  in  1663,  which  charter  was 
abrogated  in  1776.  Had  an  unwritten  Constitution  until  1842,  when  a  written  Cousti- 
tutiod  was  adopted. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  May  29,  1790. 

Area  1,306  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  147,545;  1860,  174,621. 

CONNECTICUT. 

First  settled  at  Windsor,  in  1635,  by  English  Puritans. 

Embraced  under  the  charters  of  Massachusetts,  and  continued  under  the  same  juris 
diction  until  April  23,  1662,  when  a  separate  charter  was  granted,  which  continued  in 
force  until  a  Constitution  was  formed,  September  15,  1818. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  January  9,  1788. 

Area  4,750  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  370,792 ;  1860,  460,147. 

NEW  YORK. 

First  settled  on  Manhattan  Island,  in  1614,  by  the  Dutch. 

Granted  to  Duke  of  York,  March  20,  1664,  April  26,  1664,  and  June  24,  1664.  Newly 
patented,  February  9,  1674 ;  formed  a  Constitution,  April  20,  1777,  which  was  amended 
October  27,  1801,  and  further  amended  November  10,  1821.  A  new  Constitution  was 
formed  in  1846. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  July  26,  1788. 

Area  47,000  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  3,097,394;  1860,  3,880,735. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

First  settled  at  Bergen,  in  1620,  by  the  Dutch  and  Danes. 

Held  under  the  same  grants  as  New  York;  separated  into  East  and  West  Jersey 
March  3,  1677.  The  government  surrendered  to  the  Crown  in  1702,  and  so  continued 
until  the  formation  of  a  Constitution,  July  2,  1776. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  December  18,  1787. 

Area  8,320  square  miles.    Population  iu  1850,  489,555  ;  1860,  672,035. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

First  settled  on  the  Delaware  River,  in  1682,  by  William  Penn. 

Chartered  February  28,  1681;  formed  a  Constitution  September  28,  1776  ;  amended 
September  2,  1790,  and  in  1838,  and  1857. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  December  12,  1787. 
Area  46,000  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  2,311,786;  1860,  2,906,115. 

DELAWARE. 

First  settled  at  Cape  Henlopen,  in  1627,  by  Swedes  and  Finns. 

Embraced  in  the  charter  and  continued  under  the  government  of  Pennsylvania  until 
the  formation  of  a  Constitution,  September  20,  1776  ;  a  new  Constitution  formed  June 
12,  1792,  and  amended  in  1831. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  December  7,  1787. 

Area  2,120  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  91,532  ;  1860,  112..216. 

MARYLAND. 

First  settled  at  St.  Mary,  in  1624,  by  Roman  Catholics. 

Chartered  June  20,  1632  ;  formed  a  Constitution  August  14,  1775,  which  was  amended 
in  1795  and  1799,  and  further  amended  in  November,  1812  and  1851. 
Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  April  28,  1788. 
Area  11,124  square  miles.    Population  iu  1850,  583,034  ;  1860,  687,049. 
New  Constitution  abolishing  slavery  adopted  in  September,  1864. 

VIRGINIA. 

First  settled  at  Jamestown,  in  1607,  by  the  English. 

Chartered  April  10,  1606,  May  23,  1609,  and  March  12,  1612  ;  formed  a  Constitution 
July  5,  1776,  amended,  January  15,  1830. 
Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  June  26,  1788. 
Area  38,352  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  1,421,661  ;  1860,  1,596,318. 
Seceded  April,  1861. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

First  settled  in  Albemarle,  in  1650,  by  the  English. 

Chartered  March  20,  1663,  and  June  30,  1665  ;  formed  a  Constitution  December  18, 
1776,  which  was  amended  in  1845. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  November  21,  1789. 
Area  50,704  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  869,839  ;  1860,  992,622. 
Seceded  May,  1861.    Re-admitted  June,  1868. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

First  settled  at  Port  Royal,  in  1670,  by  the  Huguenots. 

Embraced  in  the  charters  of  Carolina  or  North  Carolina,  from  which  it  was  separated 
in  1729;  formed  a  Constitution  March  26,  1776,  which  was  amended  March  19,  1778, 
and  June  3,  1790. 

Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  May  23,  1788. 

Area  34,000  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  668,507  ;  1860,  703,708. 

Seceded  November,  1860.    Re-admitted  June,  1868. 

GEORGIA. 

First  settled  atSavannah,  in  1733,  by  Oglethorpe. 

Chartered  June  9,  1732  ;  formed  a  Constitution  February  5,  1777,  a  second  in  1785,  a 
third  May  30,  1798,  and  amended  in  1839. 


566  STATISTICAL    EECOEDS. 


Ratified  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  January  2,  1788. 

Area  58,000  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  906,185;  1860,1,057,386. 

Seceded  January,  1861.    He-admitted  June,  1868. 

THE  STATES  ADMITTED  INTO  THE  UNION    SINCE    THE  ADOPTION   OF   THE  FEDERAL   CON 
STITUTION  ARE  AS  FOLLOWS  : — 

VERMONT. 

First  settled  at  Fort  Dummer  in  1764. 

Formed  from  territory  of  New  York. 

Admitted  March  4,  1791. 

A  Constitution  adopted  July  9,  1793. 

Area  9,056d  square  miles.    Population  in  1890,  314,130;  1860,  315,098. 

KENTUCKY. 

First  settled  near  Lexington  in  1765. 

Formed  from  territory  of  Virginia. 

Admitted  June  1,  1792. 

A  Constitution  laid  before  Congress  November  7,  1792. 

A  new  Constitution  adopted  August  17,  1799. 

Area  37,680  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  982,405;  1860,  1,155,684. 

TENNESSEE. 

First  settled  at  Fort  Donelson  in  1756. 

Formed  from  territory  of  North  Carolina  in  1790. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  February  6,  1769,  and  amended  in  1835. 

Admitted  June  1,  1796. 

Area  45,600  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  1,002,717;  1860,  1,109,801. 

Seceded  June,  1861.    Re-admitted  July,  1866. 

/ 

OHIO. 

First  settled  at  Marietta  in  1788. 

j?  ormerly  from  North-west  Territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  November  1,  1802 ;  adopted  a  new  one  in  1851. 

Admitted  November  29,  1802. 

Area  39,964  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  1,980,329 ;  1860,  2,839,511. 

LOUISIANA. 

First  settled  at  Iberville  in  1699. 
Formed  from  French  territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  January  22, 1812,  and  amended  it  in  1845  and  1852.    A  new 
Constitution  formed  in  1864. 
Admitted  April  8,  1812. 

Area  41,255  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  517,762;  1860,708,002. 
Seceded  January,  1861.    Re-admitted  June,  1868. 

INDIANA. 

First  settled  at  Vincennes  in  1730. 

Formed  from  North-west  Territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  June  29,  1816,  and  amended  in  1851. 

Admitted  December  11,  1816. 

Area  33,809  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  988,416;  1860,  1,305,428. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

First  settled  at  Natchez  in  1716. 

Formed  from  territory  of  South  Carolina  and  Georgia. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  March  1,  1817,  and  amended  in  1832. 

Admitted  December  10,  1817. 

Area  47,156  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  606,526;  1860,  791,305. 

Seceded  January,  1861. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  567 


ILLINOIS. 

First  settled  at  Kaskaskia  in  1720. 

Formed  from  North-west  Territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  August  26,  1818. 

Admitted  Decembers,  1818. 

Area  55,409  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  851,470;  1860,  1,711,951. 

ALABAMA. 

First  settled  near  Mobile  in  1702. 

Formed  from  territory  of  South  Carolina  and  Georgia,  and  for  two  years  bore  the 
name  of  Mississippi  Territory. 
Adopted  a  Constitution  August  2,  1819. 
Admitted  December  14,  1819. 

Area  50,722  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  771,623;  1860,  964,201. 
Seceded  January,  1861.    Beadmitted  June,  1868. 

MAINE. 

First  settled  at  Bristol  in  1624. 

Formed  from  territory  of  Massachusetts. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  October  29,  1819. 

Admitted  March  15,  1820. 

Area  35,000  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  583,169 ;  1860,  628,279. 

MISSOURI. 

First  settled  at  St.  Louis  in  1764. 

Formed  from  French  territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  July  19,  1820. 

Admitted  August  10,  1821. 

Area  65,350  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  682,044;  1860,  1,182,612. 

Ordinance  abolishing  slavery  adopted  in  January,  1865. 

ARKANSAS. 

First  settled  at  Arkansas  Post  in  1685. 

Formed  from  French  territory,  the  Louisiana  purchase. 

Presented  a  Constitution  March  1,  1836. 

Admitted  June  15,  1836. 

Area  52,198  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  209,897;  1860,  435,450. 

Seceded  March,  1861.    Readmitted  June,  1868. 

MICHIGAN. 

First  settled  on  the  Detroit  River  in  1650. 
Formed  from  territory  originally  belonging  to  Virginia. 

Presented  a  memorial  for  admission  January  25, 1833,  with  a  Constitution,  which  was 
revised  in  1850. 
Admitted  January  26, 1837. 
Area  56,243  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  397,654 ;  1860,  749,013. 

FLORIDA. 

Discovered  in  1497,  and  first  explored  by  Ponce  de  Leon  in  1512. 

Formed  from  Spanish  territory. 

Presented  a  Constitution  February  20,  1839. 

Admitted  March  3,  1845. 

Area  69,268  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  87,445;  1860,  140,425. 

Seceded  January,  1861.    Readmitted  June,  1868. 


TEXAS. 


First  settled  in  1792. 

Was  an  Independent  Republic. 

Admitted  December  29,  1845. 


568  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


Area  274,356  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  212,592 ;  1860,  604,215. 
Seceded  February,  18G1. 

WISCONSIN. 

First  settled  at  Green  Bay  in  1670. 

Formed  from  Indian  territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  January  21,  1847. 

Admitted  May  29,  1848. 

Area  53,924  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  305,391 ;  1860,  775,881. 

.IOWA. 

First  settled  at  Galena  and  Dubuque. 

Formed  from  Indian  territory. 

Presented  a  Constitution  December  9,  1844. 

Admitted  December  28,  1846. 

Area  55,045  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  192,214 ;  1860,  674,942. 

CALIFOENIA. 

First  settled  on  the  Pacific  slope. 

Formed  from  Mexican  territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  November  13,  1849. 

Admitted  September  9,  1850. 

Area  188,981  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  92,597;  1860,  362,196;  1867,  493,992, 

MINNESOTA. 

First  settled  on  the  St.  Peter's  Kiver  in  1805. 

Formed  from  Indian  territory. 

Admitted  May  11,  1858. 

Area  81,259  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  6,077;  1860,  172,143. 

OREGON. 

First  settled  by  the  Spaniards. 

Formed  from  Indian  territory. 

Adopted  a  Constitution  in  November,  1857. 

Admitted  February  12,  1859. 

Area  95,274  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  12,093 ;  1860,  52,405 ;  1867,  78,697. 

KANSAS. 

Formed  from  Indian  territory. 

Admitted  December  6,  1859. 

Area  81,318  square  miles.    Population  in  1860,  107,206. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Formed  from  the  State  of  Virginia. 

Admitted  December  31,  1862. 

Area  23,000  square  miles.    Population  in  1860,  376,688. 

NEVADA. 

Formed  from  Indian  territory  in  1861. 

Admitted  in  October,  1864. 

Area  81,539  square  miles.    Population  in  1863,  40,000;  1867,  41,142. 

NEBRASKA. 

Formed  from  Indian  territory. 

Organized  as  a  territory  May  30,  1854. 

Admitted  February  9,  1867. 

Area  75,995  square  miles.    Population  in  1860,  28,841. 


STATISTICAL    EECOBDS.  569 

TERRITORIES  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

UTAH. 

Organized  September  9,  1850. 

Area  109,600  square  miles.    Population  in  1850, 11,380 ;  1867,  estimated  not  including 
Indians,  80,546. 

NEW  MEXICO. 

Organized  September  9,  1850. 

Area  124,450  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  61,547;  1867,  estimated  not  including 
Indians,  93,516. 

WASHINGTON. 

Organized  November  2,  1853. 

Area  71,300  square  miles.    Population  in  1850, 1,201;  1867,  estimated  not  including 
Indians,  17,391. 

COLOEADO. 

Organized  in  1861. 

Area  104,500  square  miles.    Population  in  1867,  estimated  not  including  Indians,  37,- 
391. 

DACOTAH. 

Organized  in  1861. 

Area  152,500  square  miles.    Population  in  1867,  not  including  Indians,  5,321. 

ARIZONA. 

Organized  in  1863. 

Area  130,800  square  miles.    Population  in  1867,  not  including  Indians,  5,000. 

IDAHO. 

Organized  in  1863. 

Area  310,000  square  miles.    Population  in  1867,  not  including  Indies.  20,000. 

MONTANA. 

Organized  in  1864. 

Area  unknown.    Population  in  1867,  not  including  Indians,  30,000. 


ALASKA. 


Obtained  by  treaty  from  Russia,  1867. 
Area  and  population  unknown. 


DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

Established  under  the  First  Article  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States :  "  Con 
gress  shall  have  power  to  exercise  exclusive  legislation  in  all  cases  whatsoever,  over 
such  district  (not  exceeding  ten  miles  square)  as  may,  by  cession  of  particular  States, 
and  the  acceptance  of  Congress,  become  the  seat  of  the  Government  of  the  United 
States,"  etc.  In  pursuance  of  which  provision  the  State  of  Maryland,  December  23, 
1788,  passed  "  An  act  to  cede  to  Congress  a  district  of  ten  miles  square  in  this  State, 
for  the  seat  of  the  Government  of  the  United  States." 

And  the  State  of  Virginia,  December  3,  1789,  passed  "  An  act  for  the  cession  of  ten 
miles  square,  or  any  lesser  quantity  of  territory  within  this  State,  to  the  United  States 
in  Congress  assembled,  for  the  permanent  seat  of  the  General  Government." 

These  cessions  were  accepted  by  Congress,  as  required  by  the  Constitution,  and  the 


570  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


permanent  seat  of  Government  established  by  the  "Act  for  establishing  the  temporary 
and  permanent  seat  of  the  Government. of  the  United  States,"  approved  July  16,  1790; 
and  the  act  to  amend  the  same,  approved  March  3,  1791. 

The  district  often  miles  square  was  accordingly  located,  and  its  lines  and  boundaries 
particularly  established  by  a  proclamation  of  George  Washington,  President  of  the 
United  States,  March  30,  1791,  and  by  the  "  Ace  concerning  the  District  of  Columbia," 
approved  February  27,  1801,  Congress  assumed  complete  jurisdiction  over  the  said 
District,  as  contemplated  by  the  framers  of  the  Constitution. 

Area  about  60  square  miles.    Population  in  1850,  51, G87;  1860,75,080;  1866,118,867. 

In  1846  that  portion  of  the  District  lying  south  of  the  Potomac  was  retroceded  to 
Virginia  by  act  of  Congress.  Slavery  was  abolished  in  this  District  by  an  act  of  Con 
gress,  approved  April  16,  1862. 


ORIGIN  OF  THE  NAMES   OF  STATES. 

Maine  was  so  called,  as  early  as  1623,  from  Maine,  in  France,  of  which  Henrietta 
Maria,  Queen  of  England,  was  at  that  time  proprietor.  Popular  name  —  The  Lumber 
or  Pine  Tree  State. 

New  Hampshire  was  the  name  given  to  the  territory  conveyed  by  the  Plymouth  Com 
pany  to  Captain  John  Mason,  by  patent,  November  7th,  1629,  with  reference  to  the 
patentee,  who  was  Governor  of  Portsmouth,  in  Hampshire,  England.  Popular  name  — 
The  Granite  State. 

Vermont  was  so  called,  by  the  inhabitants  in  their  Declaration  of  Independence, 
January  16,  1777,  from  the  French  verd  mont,  the  Green  Mountains.  Popular  name  — 
The  Green  Mountain  State. 

Massachusetts  was  so  called  from  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  that  from  the  Massachu 
setts  tribe  of  Indians,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Boston.  The  tribe  is  thought  to  have 
derived  its  name  from  the  Blue  Hills  of  Milton.  "  I  had  learnt,"  says  Roger  Williams, 
"  that  the  Massachusetts  was  so  called  from  the  Blue  Hills.  Popular  name  —  The  Bay 
State. 

Rhode  Island  was  so  called,  in  1664,  in  reference  to  the  Island  of  Rhodes,  in  the  Med 
iterranean.  Popular  name  — Little  Rhody. 

Connecticut  was  so  called  from  the  Indian  name  of  its  principal  river.  Connecticut  is 
a  Mocheakannew  word,  signifying  long  river.  Popular  names  —  The  Nutmeg  or  Free 
Stone  State. 

New  York  was  so  called,  in  1664,  in  reference  to  the  Duke  of  York  and  Albany,  to 
whom  this  territory  was  granted  by  the  King  of  England.  Popular  names  —  The  Em 
pire  or  Excelsior  State. 

New  Jersey  was  so  called,  in  1664,  from  the  Island  of  Jersey,  on  the  coast  of  France, 
the  residence  of  the  family  of  Sir  George  Carteret,  to  whom  the  territory  was  granted. 

Pennsylvania  was  so  called  in  1681,  after  William  Penn.  Popular  name  —  The  Key 
stone  State. 

Delaware  was  so  called,  in  1703,  from  Delaware  Bay,  on  which  it  lies,  and  which  re 
ceived  its  name  from  Lord  de  la  War,  who  died  in  this  bay.  Popular  names  —  The 
Blue  Hen,  or  Diamond  State. 

Maryland  was  so  called  in  honor  of  Henrietta  Maria,  Queen  of  Charles  I.,  in  his 
patent  to  Lord  Baltimore,  June  30th,  1632. 

Virginia  was  so  called,  in  1584,  after  Elizabeth,  the  Virgin  Queen  of  England.  Popu 
lar  names  —  The  Old  Dominion,  or  Mother  of  States. 

Carolina  was  so  called  by  the  French,  in  1564,  in  honor  of  King  Charles  IX.,  of  France. 
Popular  name  of  South  Carolina  — The  Palmetto  State;  of  North  Carolina  —  The  Old 
North,  or  Turpentine  State. 

Georgia  was  so  called,  in  1732,  in  honor  of  King  George  II. 

Alabama  was  so  called,  in  1814,  from  its  principal  river,  meaning  here  we  rest. 

Mississippi  was  so  called,  in  1800,  from  its  western  boundary.  Mississippi  is  said  to 
denote  the  whole  river,  that  is,  the  river  formed  by  the  union  of  many.  Popular  name 
—The  Bayou  State. 

Louisiana  was  so  called,  in  honor  of  Louis  XIV.  of  France.  Popular  name  —  The 
Creole  State. 

Tennessee  was  so  called,  in  1796,  from  its  principal  river.  The  wordTen-as-se  is  said 
to  signify  a  curved  spoon.  Popular  name  —The  Big-Bend  State. 

Kentucky  was  so  called,  in  1792,  from  its  principal  river.  Popular  name  —  The  State 
of  the  Dark  and  Bloody  Ground. 

Illinois  was  so  called,  in  1809,  from  its  principal  river.  This  word  is  said  to  signify 
the  river  of  men.  Popular  names  — The  Sucker,  or  Prairie  State. 

Indiana  was  so  called,  in  1809,  from  the  American  Indians.  Popular  name  —  The 
Hoosier  State. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  571 


Ohio  was  so  called,  in  1802,  from  its  southern  boundary.  Popular  name  —  The  Buck 
eye  State.  Meaning  of  Indian  word  Ohio-i,  Beautiful. 

Missouri  was  so  called  in  1821,  from  its  principal  river.  Indian  name,  meaning 
muddy  water. 

Michigan  was  so  called,  in  1805,  from  the  lake  on  its  border.  Indian  name,  meaning 
a  weir  for  fish.  Popular  name  —  The  Wolverine  State. 

Arkansas  was  so  called,  in  1812,  from  its  principal  river.  Indian  name.  Popular 
n'ame  —  The  Bear  State. 

Florida  was  so  called  by  Juan  Ponce  de  Leon  in  1572,  because  it  was  discovered  on 
Easter  Sunday ;  in  Spanish,  Pascna  Florida. 

Wisconsin  was  so  called  from  its  principal  river.  Indian  name,  meaning  wild  rushing 
river.  Popular  name  —  The  Badger  State. 

Iowa  was  so  called  from  its  principal  river.  Indian  name,  meaning  the  sleepy  ones. 
Popular  name  —  Hawkeye  State. 

Oregon  was  so  called  from  its  principal  river.    Indian  name,  meaning  river  of  the  west. 

Minnesota  is  also  an  Indian  word,  meaning  the  whitish  water. 

California,  a  Spanish  word,  and  named  from  an  arm  of  the  Pacific  Ocean.  Popular 
name  —  The  Golden  State. 

Texas,  a  Spanish  word  applied  to  the  Republic.  Popular  name — The  Lone  Star 
State. 

Kansas  is  an  Indian  name,  meaning  the  smoky  water. 

West  Virginia.    So-called  after  Virginia. 

Nevada  is  a  Spanish  word,  meaning  white  with  snow. 

Nebraska  —  an  Indian  word. 


572 


STATISTICAL    ItECOKDS. 


PROGRESS  OF  POPULATION  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

PROM  1790  TO  1860. 


FIRST  CENSUS,  August  1,  1790. 

"Whites.  Free  Colored.  Slaves.  Total. 

Free  States 1,900,772  26,831  40,850  1,968,453 

Slave  States 1,271,692  32,635  645,047  1,961,374 

Total 3,172,464  59,446  697,897  3,929,827 

SECOND  CENSUS,  August  1,  1800. 

Free  States 2,601,509  47,154  35.946  2,684,609 

Slave  States 1,702,980  61,241  857,095  2,621,316 

Total 4,304,489  108,395  893,041  5,305,925 

THIRD  CENSUS,  August  1,  1810. 

Free  States 3,653,219  78,181  27,510  3,758,910 

Slave  States 2,208,785  108,265  1,163,854  3,480,904 

Total, 5,862,004  186,446  1,191,364  7,239,814 

FOURTH  CENSUS,  August  1,  1820. 

Free  States 5,030,371  102,893  19.108  5,152,372 

Slave  States 2,842,340  135,434  1,524,580  4,502,224 

Total   7,872,711  238,197  1,543,688  9,654,596 

FIFTH  CENSUS,  June  1,  1830. 

Free  States 6,876,620  137,529  3,568  7,017,717 

Slave  States 3,660,758  182,070  2,005,475  5,848,303 

Total  10,537,378  319,599  2,009,043  12,866,020 

SIXTH  CENSUS.  June  1,  1840. 

Free  States 9,557,065  170,727  1,129  9,728,921 

Slave  States 4,632,640  215,568  2,486,226  7,334,434 

Total 14,189,705  386,295  2,487,355  17,063,355 

SEVENTH  CENSUS,  June  1,  1850. 

Free  States 13,330,650  196,308  262  13,527,220 

Slave  States 6,222,418  238,187  3,204,051  9,664,654 

Total 19,553,068  434,495  3,204,313  23,191,874 

EIGHTH  CENSUS,  June  1,  1860. 

Total  Population 31,443,322 

Total  White  Population 26,973,843 

Total  Free  Colored  Population 487,970 

Total  Free  Population 27,461,813 

Total  Slave  Population 3,953,760 

Total  Colored  Population 4,447,730 

By  a  census  taken  through  the  Internal  Revenue  organization  In  1866,  it  appears  that 
the  total  population  of  the  United  States  at  that  time  was  34,505,882. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


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STAIISTICAL    RECORDS.  575 


PAY  TABLE  OF  LEADING   CIVIL  OFFICERS. 


President  of  the  United  States,         per  annum, $25,000  00 

Vice-President  of  the  United  States,     "  8,00000 

Cabinet  Ministers,  "  s'ooo  00 

Chief  Justice  Supreme  Court  "  6^50000 

Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  "  G.'ooo  00 

Senators  and  Representatives  in  Congress,  with  mileage,  per  annum 5^000  00 

Speaker  House  of  Representatives,  "  8,000  00 

Secretary  of  the  Senate,  "  3^600  00 

Clerk  House  of  Representatives,  "  3, GOO  00 

Assistant  Secretaries  of  Departments,  "          $3,000  00  to  4,000  00 

Heads  of  Bureaus,  "             3,000  00  to  5,000  00 

Superintendent  Coast  Survey,  *'  6,00000 

Judges  District  of  Columbia  "  3,00000 

Secretary  Smithsonian  Institution,  *«  4,00000 

Ministers  Plenipotentiary  to  Great  Britain 

and  France,  "  17,500  00 

Ministers  Plenipotentiary  to  Russia,  Prussia, 
Spain,  Austria,  China,  Italy,  Mexico, 

and  Brazil,  "  12,000  00 

Ministers  Plenipotentiary  to  Chili  and  Peru,  *«  10,000  00 

Ministers  Resident  to  Portugal,  Belgium, 
Netherlands,  Denmark,  Sweden  and 
Norway,  Switzerland,  Turkey,  Japan, 
Hawaiian  Islands,  Hayti  and  San 
Domingo,  Nicaragua,  Costa  Rica, 
Guatemala,  Honduras,  Salvador,  Co 
lombia,  Venezuela,  Ecuador,  Argen 
tine  Republic,  Paraguay,  and  Bolivia,  "  7,500  00 

Interpreter  and  Secretary  of  Legation  to 

China,  «  5,00000 

Dragoman  and  Secretary  of  Legation  to 

Turkey,  "  3,00000 

Consul  General  to  British  India,  ««  4,000  00 


to  British  America, 

to  Cuba, 

to  Hanseatic  and  Free  Cities 

to  Hanseatic  and  Italy, 

to  Turkey  and  Egypt, 


4,000  00 
6,000  00 
3,000  00 
Fees. 
3,500  00 


and  Commissioner  to  Mon 
rovia  and  China,  "  4,000  00 

"  and  Commissioner  to  Mexico/  "  1,50000 

Secretaries  of  Legation,  from $1,500  00  to  2,625  00 

Consuls,  from 1,000  00  to  7,000  00 

With  regard  to  the  Postmasters,  Collectors  of  the  Revenue,  Territorial  Governors  and 
Judges,  and  other  officers  employed  throughout  the  country,  they  are  too  numerous  to 
be  designated  in  this  place. 


LEADING  GOVERNMENT  PUBLICATIONS. 

Everything  in  the  shape  of  a  book  or  pamphlet  ordered  to  be  printed  by  the  United 
States  Senate  or  House  of  Representatives  is  called  a  public  document,  and  can  be 
sent  through  the  mails  free  of  postage  by  those  entitled  to  the  franking  privilege. 
To  give  a  complete  and  analytical  list  of  these  documents  in  this  place  would  be  im 
practicable,  but  we  submit  a  synopsis  of  the  more  important  publications  which  pos 
sess  an  interest  for  the  public  generally  and  are  permanent  in  their  character : — 

Agricultural  Reports. — Though  forming  part  of  the -executive  documents,  they  are 
published  annually  and  separately  by  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  prior  to  the  or 
ganization  of  which,  in  1862,  they  were  issued  from  the  Patent  Office.  The  annual 
editions  of  this  work  range  from  two  hundred  to  three  hundred  thousand  copies. 


576  STATISTICAL    HE  COEDS. 


American  Archives. — A  documentary  history  of  the  Revolution  Compiled  by  Peter 
Force.  9  vols.  folio.  Authorized  in  1833.  This  work,  as  originally  designed,  would 
have  made  some  thirty  volumes  or  more ;  and,  although  its  publication  was  suspended, 
the  materials  for  its  compilation  were  transferred  by  purchase  to  the  Library  of  Con 
gress. 

American  State  Papers.— Printed  by  Gales  &  Seaton,  1831  to  1833.  21  vols.  folio. 
This  work  was  carefully  compiled  from  the  annually  published  executive  and  legisla 
tive  documents  of  the  government. 

Analysis  of  the  federal  Constitution. — By  William  Hickey.  Although  not  actually 
printed  by  Congress,  it  was  purchased  to  such  an  extent  as  really  to  become  a  public 
document. 

Army  Regulations. — Issued  from  the  War  Department.  Octavo.  Army  Statistics  of 
Sickness  and  Mortality,  1839  to  186-1.  By  R.  II.  Coolidge.  1856-60.  2  vols.  quarto. 

Army  Register. — Issued  from  the  War  Department  annually.     Octavo. 

Army  Meteorological  Register.— 1843-54.     By  T.  Lawson.     1855.     Quarto. 

Army  of  the  Potomac. — By  Maj.-Gen.  George  B.  McClellau.     18G4.    Octavo. 

Art  of  War  in  Europe  in  1854-55-56.— By  Major  R.  Delafleld.     1860.     Quarto. 

Astronomical  Expedition  to  the  Southern  Hemisphere  in  1849-50-51  and  52. — By  Lieut. 
James  M.  Gilliss.  Quarto. 

Astronomical  Observations.— Issued  from  the  National  Observatory  occasionally,  and 
in  quarto  form. 

Blue-Book.—A.  Biennial  Register  of  all  the  officers  and  employees  of  the  govern 
ment,  commenced  in  1816.  Though  formerly  compiled  in  the  Department  of  State,  it 
is  now  issued  from  the  Interior  Department.  Octavo. 

Catalogue  Congressional  Library. — The  last  edition  was  published  in  18C6,  since  which 
time  the  books  belonging  to  the  Smithsonian  Institution  and  the  very  valuable  library 
of  Peter  Force  have  been  added  to  the  national  collection  at  the  cost  of  $100,000. 
Octavo. 

Census  of  the  United  States.— Published  in  quarto  volumes  under  the  direction  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  Department. 

Coast  Survey.— The  annual  reports  from  this  branch  of  public  service  are  published 
in  quarto  form,  and  illustrated  with  elaborate  charts. 

Colonial  Trade.— By  Israel  D.  Andrews.     1823.     Octavo. 

Commercial  Relations. — Under  this  title  are  annually  published  in  quarto  form,  by 
the  State  Department,  information  connected  with  commerce,  obtained  chiefly  through 
the  Consular  Bureau  from  foreign  governments. 
Congressional  Debates : 

Annals  of  Congress  from  1789  to  1824.— 44  vols.  octavo.  Compiled  and  printed  by 
Gales  &  Seaton.  Contain  the  public  laws. 

Register  of  Debates  in  Congress  from  1825  to  1837. — 27  vols.  octavo.  Compiled  and 
printed  by  Gales  &  Seaton.  Contain  the  public  laws. 

Congressional  Globe  from  1833  to  close  of  Thirty-ninth  Congress.— 7S  vols.  quarto. 
Printed  by  John  C.  Rives.  Contain  the  public  laws. 

Dictionary  of  the  United  States  Congress.— By  Charles  Lanman.  Published  by  the 
Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  by  the  Sen 
ate  of  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress.  This  is  the  only  work  belonging  to  a  private  indi 
vidual  which  was  ever  published  as  a  public  document.  Octavo. 

Diplomatic  Correspondence  of  the  American  Revolution. — Compiled  by  Jared  Sparks. 
12  vols.  octavo. 

Diplomatic  Correspondence  between  1783  and  1789.  Compiled  by  Jared  Sparks.  7 
vols.  octavo. 

Diplomatic  Correspondence. — Published  annually  by  the  Department  of  State,  al 
though  forming  a  part  of  the  Executive  documents.  Octavo. 

Executive  Documents. — Under  this  title  are  arranged  and  published  the  messages, 
reports,  and  other  state  papers  emanating  from  the  President,  cabinet  ministers,  and 
other  officers  of  the  government,  all  of  which  are  numbered  in  consecutive  order. 
Octavo. 

Executive  Journals  of  the  Senate.— These  volumes  are  published  from  time  to  time 
after  the  injunction  of  secrecy  has  been  removed.  Octavo. 

Explorations  of  the  Valley  of  the  Amazon.— By  Lieut.  William  L.  Herndon  and  Lieut. 
Lardner  Gibbon.  Illustrated.  2  vols.  octavo.  1853  and  1854. 

Exploration  of  the  Red  River  of  Louisiana.— By  Capt.  Randolph  B.  Marcy.  Illustrated. 
Octavo.  1853. 

Exploration  of  the  Zuni  and  Colorado  Rivers.— By  L.  Sitgreaves.  Illustrated.  Octavo. 
1854. 

Explorations  among  the  Rocky  Mountains. — By  Captain  John  C.  Fremont.  Illustrated. 
Octavo.  1845. 

Explorations  from  Fort  Leavemcorth  to  California. — By  Lt.-Col.  William  H.  Emory. 
Illustrated.  Octavo.  1848. 

Exploring  Expedition.— By  Commodore  Charles  Wilkes.    5  quarto  volumes.    Illus- 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  577 


trated.     1846-40.     Several  supplementary  volumes  on  scientific  subjects  have  been 
printed,  but  the  work  is  still  in  an  unfinished  condition. 

Explorations  for  a  Railroad  Route  between  the  Mississippi  River  and  the  Pacific  Ocean. — 
13  volumes  quarto.  Illustrated. 

Exploration  of  the  Colorado  River  of  the  West  in  1857-58. — By  Lieut  Joseph  C.  Ives. 
1861.  Quarto.  Illustrated. 

Explorations  of  Salt  Lake  Valley,  Utah. — By  Capt.  Howard  Stansbury.  Octavo.  Illus 
trated.  1852. 

Expedition  to  Japan  in  1852-53  and  1864. — By  Commodore  M.  C.  Perry.  1856.  3  vols. 
quarto.  Illustrated. 

Finance. — From  time  to  time  volumes  are  issued  by  the  Treasury  Department,  con 
nected  with  the  finances  of  the  country.  Octavo. 

Geological  Survey  of  Wisconsin,  Iowa,  and  Minnesota. — By  David  D.  Owen.  Printed  by 
J.  B.  Lippincott  &  Co.,  for  the  General  Land  Office.  Quarto.  1852. 

Indian  Affairs. — History  of  the  Condition  and  Prospects  of  the  Indian  Tribes  of  the 
United  States.  Compiled  by  Henry  W.  Schoolcraft,  and  illustrated  by  Maj.  Seth 
Eastman,  U.  S.  A.  6  vols.  quarto.  1857.  Illustrated. 

Indian  Affairs. — History  of  the  Indian  Tribes  of  North  America. — Compiled  by  Thomas 
L.  McKenuey  and  James  Hall.  3  vols.  folio.  With  colored  portraits  by  Charles  B. 
King,  1838. 

Indian  Treaties.— From  1778  to  1837.    Octavo.     1837.    By  Indian  Office. 

Indian  Affairs.— -Annual  reports  published  separately  by  the  Indian  Office,  though 
included  in  the  Executive  Documents.  Octavo. 

Journal,  Acts  and  Proceedings  of  the  Convention  which  formed  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States,  1818.  Octavo. 

Journals  of  the  House  of  Representatives. — Published  in  octavo  at  the  close  of  each 
session  of  Congress. 

Journals  of  the  Senate. — Published  in  octavo  at  the  close  of  each  session  of  Congress. 

Madison  Papers. — Debates  in  Congress  and  the  Federal  Convention.  3  vols.  octavo. 
1840.  By  James  Madison. 

Mexican  Boundary  Survey. — By  Maj.  Wm.  H.  Emory.  1857.  2  vols.  Illustrated. 
Quarto. 

Military  Commission  to  Europe  in  1855-56.— By  Alfred  Mordecai.     1860.    Quarto. 

Mississippi  River :  Hydrographical  Report  on  the  Upper  Basin.— By  I.  If.  Nicollet. 
1843.  Octavo. 

Navy  Register. — Published  annually  by  the  Navy  Department.    Octavo. 

Patent  Office.— Annual  Reports  published  separately  and  also  with  executive  docu 
ments.  Embodied  in  these  volumes  are  outline  engravings  and  full  descriptions  of 
all  the  articles  which  are  patented  by  the  government.  Octavo. 

Public  Lands.— Annual  reports  published  separately  and  with  the  executive  docu 
ments.  The  more  recent  issues  of  this  work  have  been  accompanied  by  maps  of  great 
and  peculiar  value.  Octavo. 

Reports  of  Committees. — This  is  a  series  of  volumes  containing  all  the  reports  made 
in  the  two  houses  of  Congress,  whether  the  same  have  been  favorably  received  or  not. 
Octavo. 

Seat  of  War  in  Europe  in  1855-56.— By  Major  George  B.  McClellan.  1857.  Quarto. 
Illustrated. 

Smithsonian  Institution.— In  addition  to  its  annual  octavo  reports  this  institution  is 
sues  volumes  in  quarto  form  of  a  scientific  character  for  exchange  with  foreign 
governments. 

Statutes  at  Large.— These  large  octavo  volumes  consist  of  all  the  laws  passed  by 
Congress,  and  are  arranged  and  printed  by  Little  &  Brown  for  the  government. 

37 


578 


STATISTICAL    KECOEDS. 


THE 

STATE  AND  TERRITORIAL  GOVERNORS, 

SINCE  THE  ADOPTION  OF  THE  FEDERAL  CONSTITUTION. 

[OBTAINED  DIRECTLY  FROM  THE  SECRETARIES  OF  STATES.] 
Ike  men  with  a  star  prefixed  to  their  names  have  been  in  Congress. 


MAINE. 

FROM  TO 

William  King 1820  1822 

*  Albion  K.  Parris 1822  1827 

Enoch  Lincoln 1827  1829 

Jonathan  G.  Hunton 1829  1831 

Samuel  E.  Smith 1831  1834 

*Robert  P.  Dunlap 1834  1838 

Edward  Kent 1838  1839 

*John  Fair-field 1839  1840 

Edward  Kent 1840  1841 

*,Tohn  Fairfleld 1841  1843 

•"Edward  Kavanaugh  (acting)  .1843  1844 

•"Hugh  J.  Anderson 1844  1847 

John  W.  Dana. 1847  1850 

John  Hubbard 1850  1853 

William  G.  Crosby 1853  1855 

*  Anson  P.  Morrill 1855  185G 

Samuel  Wells 1856  1857 

"Hannibal  Hamlin 1857  1857 

Joseph  H.  Williams 1857  1858 

*Lot  M.  Morrill 1858  1859 

*Lot  M.  Morrill  (re-elected) ...  1859  1860 

*Israel  Washburne,  Jr 1860  1862 

Abner  Coburn 1862  1863 

Samuel  Cony 1863  1867 

Joshua  L.  Chamberlain 1867  1869 

Salary,  $1,500. 
Term  one  year. 
Seat  of  Government,  Augusta. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

*Josiah  Bartlett 1792  1794 

*Johu  Taylor  Gilman 1794  1805 

*Jolm  Lansdon 1805  1809 

•"Jercmiah/Smith 1809  1810 

*John  Langdon 1810  1812 

*  William  Plumer 1812  1813 

*John  Taylor  Gilman 1813  1816 

*  William  Plumer 1816  1819 

•"Samuel  Bell 1819  1823 

*Levi  Woodbury 1823  1824 

•"David  L.  Morrill 1824  1827 

Benjamin  Pierce 1827  1829 

John  Bell 1828  1830 

*Mathew  Harvey 1830  1831 

*  Joseph  M.  Harper 1831  1831 

•"Samuel  Dinsmoor 1831  1834 

William  Badger 1834  1836 

*Isaac  Hill 1836  1839 

Mohn  Page 1839  1842 


FROM  TO 

*Henry  Hubbard 1842  1844 

John  H.  Steele 1844  184G 

Anthony  Colby 1846  1847 

*Jared  W.  Williams 1847  1849 

*Samuel  Dinsmoor 1849  1852 

Noah  Martin 1852  1854 

Nathaniel  B.  Baker 1854  1855 

Ralph  Metcalf. 1855  1856 

Ralph  Metcalf. 1856  1857 

*  William  Halle 1857  1858 

*  William  Haile  (re-elected)  .  ..1858  1859 

Ichabod  Goodwin 1859  1861 

Nathaniel  S.  Berry 1861  1863 

Joseph  A.  Gilmore 1863  1865 

Frederick  Smyth 1865  1867 

Walter  Harriman 1867  1868 

Salary,  $1.000. 

Term,  one  year. 

Seat  of  Government,  Concord. 

VERMONT. 

*Moses  Robinson 1789  1790 

Thomas  Chittenden 1790  1797 

*Isaac  Tichenor 1797  1807 

•"Israel  Smith 1807  1808 

•"Isaac  Tichenor 1 808  1809 

Jonas  Galusha 1809  1813 

Martin  Chittenden 1813  1815 

Jonas  Galusha 1815  1820 

•"Richard  Skinner 1820  1823 

C.P.  VanNess 1823  1826 

Ezra  Butler 1826  1828 

•"Samuel  C.  Crafts 1828  1831 

"•William  A.  Palmer 1831  1835 

Silas  A.  Jenison 1835  1841 

Charles  Paine 1841  1843 

*John  Mattocks 1843  1844 

•"William  Slade 1844  184G 

Horace  Eaton 1846  1849 

Carlos  Coolidge 1849  1850 

Charles  K.  Williams 1S50  1852 

Erastus  Fairbanks 1852  1853 

John  S.  Robinson 1853  1854 

Stephen  Royce 1854  1856 

Ryland  Fletcher 1856  1858 

•"Hiland  Hall 1858  1859 

*Hiland  Hall  (re-elected) 1859  1860 

Erastus  Fairbanks I860  1861 

Frederick  Holbrook 1861  1863 

J.  Gregory  Smith 1863  1865 

*Paul  Diliingham 1865  1867 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


579 


FROM       TO 

John  B.  Page 1867    1868 

Salary,  ($1,000. 

Term,  one  year. 

Seat  of  Government,  Montpelier. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

*John  Hancock 1789  1794 

*Samuel  Adams 1794  1797 

Increase  Sumncr 1797  1799 

Moses  Gill  (acting) 1799  1800 

"Caleb  Strong 1800  1807 

*  James  Sullivan 1807  1808 

*Levi  Lincoln  (acting) 1808  1809 

•Christopher  Gore 1809  1810 

*Elbridge  Gerry 1810  1812 

•"Caleb  Strong 1812  1816 

John  Brooks 1816  1823 

*William  Eustis 1823  1825 

*Marcus  Morton  (acting) 1825  1825 

*Levi  Lincoln 1825  1834 

*John  Davis 1834  1836 

S.  T.  Armstrong  (acting) 1836  1836 

•"Edward  Everett 1836  1840 

*Marcus  Morton 1840  1841 

*John  Davis 1841  1843 

•"Marcus  Morton 1843  1844 

*George  N.  Briggs 1844  1851 

*George  S.  Boutwell 1851  1853 

John  H.  Clifford 1853  1854 

Emory  Washburn 1854  1855 

Henry  J.  Gardner 1855  1858 

•"Nathaniel  P.  Banks 1858  1861 

John  A.  Andrew 1861  1866 

Alexander  H.  Bullock 1866  1869 

Salary,  $5,000. 

Term,  one  year. 

Seat  of  Government,  Boston. 

EHODE  ISLAND. 

Arthur  Fenner 1790  1805 

Henry  Smith  (acting) 1805  1806 

*Isaac  Wilbur  (acting) 1806  1807 

Mames  Tenner 1807  1811 

William  Jones 1811  1817 

•"Nehemiah  R.  Knight 1817  1821 

William  C.  Gibbs 1821  1824 

•"James  Fenner 1824  1831 

•"Lemuel  H.  Arnold 1831  1833 

•"John  B.  Francis 1833  1838 

William  Sprague 1838  1839 

Samuel  W.  King  (acting) 1 839  1840 

Samuel  W.  King 1840  1843 

•"James  Fenner 1843  1845 

Charles  Jackson 1845  1846 

Byron  Diman 1846  1847 

Elisha  Harris 1847  1849 

*Henry  B.  Anthony 1849  1851 

•"Philip  Allen 1851  1852 

Wm.  Beach  Lawrence  (acting). 1852  1852 

•"Philip  Allen 1852  1853 

Francis  M.  Dimond 1853  1854 

William  W.  Hoppin 1854  1857 

Elisha  Dyer 1857  1859 

Thomas  G.  Turner 1859  1860 

•"William  Sprague 1860  1863 

John  R.  Bartlett  (acting) 1861  1862 

William  C.  Cozzens  (acting)  .  .1862  1863 


FROM        TO 

James  Y.  Smith 1863  1866 

Ambrose  E.  Burnside 1866  1868 

Salary,  01,000. 

Term,  one  year. 

Seats  of  Government,  Newport  aud 
Providence,  alternately. 

CONNECTICUT. 

*Samuel  Huntington 1785  1796 

•"Oliver  Wolcott 1796  1793 

"•Jonathan  Trumbull 1798  1809 

*John  Tread  well 1809  1811 

•"Roger  Griswold 1811  1813 

*  John  Cotton  Smith 1813  1818 

•"Oliver  Wolcott 1818  1827 

•"Gideon  To-mlinsou 1827  1831 

John  S.  Peters 1831  1833 

•"Henry  W.  Edwards 1833  1834 

•"Samuel  A.  Foote 1834  1835 

*Henry  W.  Edwards 1835  1838 

•"William  W.  Ellsworth 1838  1842 

•"Chauncey  F.  Cleveland 1842  1844 

•"Roger  S.  Baldwin 1844  1846 

•"Isaac  Toucey 1846  1847 

Clark  Bissell 1847  1849 

•"Joseph  Trumbull 1849  1850 

•"Thomas  II.  Seymour ]  850  1 853 

C.  H.  Pond  (acting) 1853  1854 

Henry  Dutton 1854  1855 

William  T.  Minor 1855  1857 

Alexander  H.  Holley 1857  1858 

William  A.  Buckingham 1858  1866 

Joseph  R.  Hawley 1866  1867 

James  E.  English 1867  1868 

Salary,  $1,100. 

Term,  one  year. 

Seats  of  Government,  Hartford  and  New 
Haven,  alternately. 

NEW  YORK. 

*George  Clinton 1789  1795 

•"John  Jay 1795  1801 

•"George  Clinton 1801  1804 

Morgan  Lewis 1804  1807 

•"Daniel  D.  Tompkins 1807  1816 

John  Tayler  (acting) 1816  1817 

*De  Witt  Clinton 1817  1822 

Joseph  C.  Yates 1822  1824 

*De  Witt  Clinton 1824  1827 

•"Nathaniel  Pitcher  (acting)  . .  .1827  1829 

•"Martin  Van  Buren 1829  1830 

*Enos  T.  Throop 1831  1833 

•"William  L.  Marcy 1 833  1839 

*William  H.  Scward 1839  1843 

William  C.  Bouck 1843  1845 

•"Silas  Wright 1845  1847 

•"John  Young 1847  1849 

•"Hamilton  Fish 1849  1851 

•"Washington  Hunt 1851  1853 

Horatio  Seymour 1853  1855 

Myron  H.  Clark 1855  1857 

•"John  A.  King 1857  1859 

•"Edwin  D.  Morgan 1859  1863 

Horatio  Seymour 1863  1865 

•"Reuben  E.  Fenton 1865  1809 

Salary,  $4,000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Albany. 


580 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


NEW  JEESEY. 


FROM        TO 


"William  Livingston 1789  1794 

*  William  Paterson 1794  1794 

Richard  Howell 1794  1801 

Joseph  Bloomfield 1801  1812 

*Aaron  Ogden 1812  1813 

William  S.  Peiiuington 1813  1815 

*Mahlon  Dickerson 1815  1817 

Isaac  H.  Williamson 1817  1829 

*Peter  D.  Vroom 1829  1832 

*Samuel  L.  Southard 1832  1833 

Elias  P.  Seely 1833  1833 

*Pcter  D.  Vroom 1833  1836 

*Philemon  Dickerson 183G  1837 

*  William  Pennington 1837  1843 

Daniel  Haines 1843  1844 

*CiiarlesC.  Strattou 1844  1848 

Daniel  Haines 1848  1851 

George  F.  Fort 1851  1854 

*Bodman  M.  Price 1854  1857 

*  William  A.  Newell 1857  18GO 

Charles  S.  Olden 1860  1863 

Joel  Parker 1863  1866 

Marcus  L.  Ward 1866  1869 

Salary,  $3,000. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Trenton. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

"Thomas  Mifflin 1 790  1799 

Thomas  McKean 1799  1808 

Simon  Snyder 1808  1817 

*  William  Findlay 1817  1820 

*  Joseph  Heister 1820  1823 

John  Andrew  Shulze 1823  1829 

*George  Wolf 1829  1835 

Joseph  Ritner 1835  1839 

David  R.  Porter 1839  1845 

Francis  R.  Shunk 1845  1848 

William  F.  Johnston 1848  1852 

"William  Bigler 1852  1855 

*James  Pollock 1855  1858 

William  F.  Packer 1858  1861 

Andrew  G.  Curtin 1861  1867 

John  W.  Geary 1867  1870 

Salary,  $5,000. 

Term,  three  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Harrisburg. 

DELAWARE. 

*  Joshua  Clayton 1789  1796 

*Gunning  Bedford 1796  1797 

Daniel  Rogers 1797  1798 

"llichard  Bassett 1798  1801 

*  James  Sykes  (acting) 1801  1802 

David  Hall 1802  1805 

"Nathaniel  Mitchell 1805  1808 

George  Truett 1808  1811 

Joseph  Haslett 1811  1814 

*Daniel  Rodney 1814  1817 

John  Clarke 1817  1820 

Jacob  Stout  (acting) 1820  1821 

John  Collins 1821  1822 

Caleb  Rodney  (acting) 1822  1823 

Joseph  Haslett 1823  1824 

Samuel  Paynter 1824  1827 


FROM        TO 

George  Poinclexter 1827  1830 

David  Hazzard 1830  1833 

Caleb  P.  Bennett 1833  1837 

Cornelius  P.  Comegys 1837  1840 

William  B.  Cooper 1840  1844 

Thomas  Stockton 1844  1846 

Joseph  Maul  (acting) 1846  1846 

*  William  Temple 1846  1846 

William  Thorp 1846  1851 

William  H.  Ross 1851  1855 

Peter  F.  Causey 1 855  1859 

William  Burton 1859  1863 

William  Cannon 1863  1865 

Gove  Saulsbury 1865  1871 

Salary,  $1,333J. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Dover. 

MARYLAND. 

*Jolm  Eager  Howard 1788  1792 

George  Plater 1792  1792 

"Thomas  Sim  Lee 1792  1794 

John  II.  Stone 1794  1797 

*John  Henry 1797  1798 

Benjamin  Ogle 1798  1801 

*  John  F.  Mercer 1801  1803 

Robert  Bowie 1803  1805 

Robert  Wright 1805  1809 

*Edward  Lloyd 1809  1811 

Robert  Bowie 1811  1812 

Levin  Winder 1812  1815 

C.  Ridgely 1815  1818 

*C.  W.  Goldsborough ,  1818  1819 

Samuel  Sprigg 1819  1822 

Samuel  Stevens 1822  1826 

*Joseph  Kent 1826  1829 

Daniel  Martin 1829  1830 

T.K.  Carroll 1830  1831 

Daniel  Martin 1831  1831 

George  Howard  (acting) 1831  1832 

George  Howard 1832  1833 

James  Thomas 1833  1836 

Thomas  W.  Veasay 1836  1838 

William  Grayson 1838  1841 

*Francis  Thomas 1841  1844 

Thomas  G.  Pratt 1844  1848 

"Philip  F.  Thomas 1848  1851 

Enoch  L.  Lowe 1851  1854 

Thomas  W.  Ligon 1854  1858 

Thomas  H.  Hicks 1858  1862 

Augustus  W.  Bradford 1862  1866 

Thomas  S wann 1866  1867 

Oden  Bowie 1867  1871 

Salary,  $3,600,  with  a  furnished  house. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Annapolis. 

VIRGINIA. 

Beverly  Randolph 1788  1791 

*HenryLee 1791  1794 

Robert  Brooke 1794  1796 

James  Wood 1796  1799 

"James  Monroe 1799  1802 

*John  Page 1802  1805 

William  H.  Cabell 1805  1808 

John  Tyler 1808  1811 

*  James  Monroe 181 1  1811 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


581 


FROM      TO 

George  W.  Smith 1811  1812 

*  James  Barbour J812  1814 

*  Wilson  C.  Nicholas 1814  1816 

James  P.  Preston 1816  1819 

"Thomas  M.  Randolph 1819  1822 

James  Pleasant 1822  1825 

*John  Tyler 1825  1827 

*William  B.Giles 1827  1830 

*John  Floyd 1830  1834 

*  Littleton  W.  Tnzewell 1834  183G 

Windhara  Robertson  (acting)  .183(5  1837 

David  Campbell 1837  1840 

"Thomas  W.  Gilrner 1840  1841 

John  Rutherford 1841  1842 

John  M.  Gregory 1842  1843 

*  James  McDowell 1843  1846 

"•William  Smith 1846  1849 

JohnB.  Floyd 1849  1852 

"•Joseph  Johnson 1852  1856 

*Henry  A.  Wise 1856  1860 

*John'Letcher 1860  1864 

Francis  H.  Picrpont 1864  1868 

Salary,  $5,000. 

Term,  three  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Richmond. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

"•Alexander  Martin 1789  1792 

"•Richard  D.  Spaight 1792  1795 

Samuel  Ashe 1795  1798 

William  R.  Davie 1798  1799 

"•Benjamin  Williams 1799  1802 

"•James  Turner 1802  1805 

"•Nathaniel  Alexander 1805  1807 

"•Benjamin  Williams 1807  1808 

*l)avid  Stone 1808  1810 

Benjamin  Smith 1810  1811 

William  Hawkins 1811  1814 

William  Miller 1814  1817 

"•John  Branch 1817  1820 

*Jesse  Franklin 1820  1821 

"•Gabriel  Holmes 1821  1824 

Hutchins  G.  Burton 1824  1827 

"•James  Iredell 1827  1828 

John  Owen 1828  1830 

"•Montfort  Stokes 1830  1832 

David  L.  Swain 1832  1835 

"•Richard  D.  Spaight 1835  1837 

*Ed\vardB.  Dudley 1837  1841 

John  M.  Morchead 1841  1845 

*  William  A.  Graham 1845  1849 

Charles  Manly 1849  1851 

"•David  S.  Reid 1851  1855 

"•Thomas  Bragg 1855  1859 

John  W.  Ellis 1859  1861 

*Z.  B.  Vance 1861  1865 

Wm.W.Holden  (Provisional). 1865  1865 

Jonathan  Worth 1865  1869 

Salary,  $4,000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Raleigh. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

"•Charles  Pinckney 1789  1792 

Arnoklus  Vanclerhorst 1792  1794 

William  Monltrie 1794  1796 

"•Charles  Pinckney 1796  1798 


FIIOM      TO 

"•Edward  Rutledge 1798  1800 

John  Drayton  (acting) 1800  1800 

John  Drayton  (acting) 1800  1802 

James  B.  Richardson 1802  1804 

Paul  Hamilton 1804  1806 

*Charles  Pincknty 1806  1803 

John  Drayton 1808  1810 

*Henry  Middleton 1810  1812 

Joseph  Alston 1812  1814 

*David  R.  Williams 1814  1816 

"•Andrew  Pickens 1816  1818 

John  Geddes 1818  1820 

Thomas  Bennet 1820  1822 

John  L.  Wilson 1822  1824 

"•Richard  I.  Manning 1824  1820 

"•John  Taylor 1826  1828 

"•Stephen  D.  Miller 1828  1830 

James  Hamilton 1830  1832 

"•Robert  Y.  Hayne 1832  1834 

"•George  McDuffle 1834  1836 

Pierce  M.  Butler 1836  1838 

Patrick  Noble 1838  1840 

B.  K.  Hennegan  (acting) 1840  1 840 

*J.  P.  Richardson 1840  1842 

*James  II.  Hammond 1842  1844 

William  Aiken 1844  1846 

David  Johnson 1846  1848 

W.  B.  Seabrook 1848  1850 

John  H.  Means 1850  1852 

John  L.  Manning 1852  1854 

James  H.  Adams 1854  1856 

R.  F.  W.  Alston 1856  1858 

William  II.  Gist 1858  1860 

"•Francis  W.  Pickens I860  1862 

*M.  L.  Bonham 1862  1864. 

A.  G.  Magrath 1864  1865 

Benj.  F.  Perry  (Provisional)  ..1865  1866 

"•James  L.  Orr 1866  1869 

Salary,  $3,500. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Columbia. 

GEORGIA. 

"•George  Walton 1789  1790 

"•Edward  Telfair 1790  1793 

"•George  Matthews 1793  1796 

Jaredlrwiu 1796  1798 

"•James  Jackson 1798  1801 

David  Emauuel   (acting) 1801  1801 

Mosiah  Tatnall 1801  1802 

"•John  Milledge 1802  1806 

Jared  Irwin 1806  1809 

David  B.  Mitchell 1809  1813 

"•Peter  Earl}- 1813  1815 

David  B.  Mitchell 1815  1817 

William  Rabun 1817  1819 

Matthew  Talbot  (acting) 1819  1819 

John  Clark 1819  1823 

*Georgc  M.  Troup 1823  1827 

John  Forsyth 1827  1829 

"•George  R,  Gilmer 1829  1831 

"•Wilson  Lumpkin 1831  1835 

"•William  Schley 1835  1837 

"•George  R.  Gilmer 1837  1839 

Charles  J.  McDonald 1839  1843 

"•George  W.  Crawford 1843  1847 

"•George  W.  B.  Towns 1847  1851 

"•Howell  Cobb 1851  1853 


582 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


FROM  TO 

*Herschel  V.  Johnson 1853  1857 

Joseph  E.  Brown 1857  18G5 

*James  Johnson  (Provisional). 1865  1805 

Charles  J.  Jenkins 18G5  1867 

Salary,  §3,000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Milledgeville. 

FLORIDA. 

TERRITORY. 

William  P.  Duval . .  1822  1834 

"John  II.  Eaton 1834  183G 

*Kicharcl  K.  Call 1836  1839 

Robert  R.  Reid 1839  1841 

*Richarcl  K.  Call 1841  1844 

John  Branch 1844  1845 


"William  D.  Moseley 1845  1849 

Thomas  Brown 1849  1853 

James  E.  Broome 1853  1857 

Madison  S.  Perry 1857  1861 

John  Milton 1861  1864 

William  Marvin  (Provisional).  1865  1866 

David  S.  Walker 1866  1868 

Salary,  $1,500. 

Term  four  years. 
;     Seat  of  Government,  Tallahassee. 

ALABAMA. 

William  W.  Bibb 1819  1820 

Thomas  Bibb 1820  1821 

*Israel  Pickens 1821  1825 

*John  Murphy 1825  1829 

*Gabriel  Moore 1829  1831 

Mohn  Gayle 1831  1835 

*Clemeut  C.  Clay 1835  1837 

*Arthur  P.  Bagby 1837  1841 

*Benjamin  Fitzpatrick 1841  1845 

*  Joshua  L.  Martin 1845  1847 

*Reuben  Chapman 1847  1849 

Henry  W.  Collier 1849  1853 

John  A.  Winston 1853  1857 

Andrew  B.  Moore 1857  1861 

Re-elected 1861  1863 

Thomas  H.  Watts 1863  1865 

Lewis  E.  Parsons  (Provisional)  1865  1865 

R.  M.  Patton 1865  1868 

Salary,  $2,500. 

Terra,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Montgomery. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

TERRITORY. 

Winthrop  Sargent 1798  1802 

*W.  C.  C.  Claiborue 1802  1805 

Robert  Williams 1805  1809 

*David  Holmes 1809  1817 

STATE. 

*David  Holmes 1817  1819 

*George  Poindexter 1819  1821 


FROM  TO 

Walter  Leake 1821  1825 

David  Holmes 1825  1827 

Gerard  C.  Brandon 1827  1831 

Abraham  M.  Scott 1831  1833 

Hiram  G.  Runnels 1833  1835 

Charles  Lynch 1835  1837 

Alexander  G.  McNutfc 1837  1841 

"Tilgham  M.  Tucker 1841  1843 

"•Albert  G.  Brown 1843  1848 

*  Joseph  W.  Mathews 1848  1850 

*John  A.  Quitman 1850  1851 

John  J.  Guion  (acting) 1851  1851 

James  Whitfleld 1851  1852 

*Henry  S.  Foote 1852  1854 

Mohn  J.  MacRae 1854  1858 

*William  McWillie 1858  I860 

John  J.  Pettus I860  1862 

*  Jacob  Thompson 1862    

Win.  L.  Sharkey  (Provisional)  1865  1866 

Benjamin  G.  Humphries 1866  1868 

Salary,  $3,000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Jackson. 

LOUISIANA. 

TERRITORY  OF  ORLEANS. 

*  William  C.  C.  Claiborne 1804  1812 

STATE. 

*  William  C.  C.  Claiborne 1812  1816 

James  Villare 1816  1820 

Thomas  B.  Robertson 1820  1822 

H.  S.  Thibodeaux  (acting) 1822  1824 

*Henry  Johnson 1824  1828 

Peter  Derbigney 182-3  1829 

A.  Bauvais  (acting) 1829  1830 

Jacques  Dupre  (acting) 1830  1830 

Andre  B.  Roman 1830  1834 

*Edward  D.  White 1834  1838 

Andre  B.  Roman 1838  1841 

*  Alexander  Mouton 1841  1845 

Isaac  Johnson 1845  1850 

Joseph  Walker 1850  1854 

Paul  O.  Hebert 1854  1858 

R.  C.  Wickliffe 1858  1860 

Thomas  O.  Moore I860  1864 

*Michael  Hahn 1864  1864 

JamesM.  Wells 1864  1867 

*B.  F.  Flanders  (by  military 

authority) 1867    

Salary,  §4,000. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Baton  Rouge. 

TEXAS. 

*  J.  Pinckney  Henderson 1846  1847 

George  T.  Wood 1847  1849 

*P.  H.  Bell 1849  1853 

Edward  M.  Pease 1853  1857 

H.  G.  Runnels 1857  1859 

*  Sam.  Houston 1859  1861 

F.  R.  Lubbeck 1861  1865 

*A.  J.  Hamilton  (Provisional) . .  1865  1866 

J.  W.  Throckmortou 1866  1867 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


583 


FROM  TO 

E.  M.  Pease 1867  1870 

Salary,  $4,000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Austin. 

ARKANSAS. 

TERRITORY. 

James  Miller 1819  1825 

George  Izard 1825  1829 

*Jolm  Pope 1829  1835 

*William  S.  Fulton 1835  1836 

STATE. 

James  S.  Conway 1836  1840 

*Archibald  Yell 1840  1844 

Samuel  Adams  (acting) 1844  1844 

Thomas  S.  Drew 1844  1848 

John  S.  lloane 1848  1852 

Elias  N.  Couway 1852  1860 

Henry  M.  Rector 1860  1864 

Isaac  Murphy 1864  1868 

Salary,  $2,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Little  Rock. 

TENNESSEE. 

*Jolm  Sevier 1796  1801 

Archibald  Roane 1801  1803 

*Jolm  Sevier 1803  1809 

*  William  Blount 1809  1815 

Joseph  McMin 1815  1821 

William  Carroll 1821  1827 

*Sam.  Houston 1827  1829 

William  Carroll 1829  1835 

•"Newton  Cannon 1835  1839 

*James  K.  Polk 1839  1841 

*James  C.  Jones 1841  1845 

*Aaron  V.  Brown 1845  1847 

Neil  S.  Brown 1847  1849 

William  Trousdale 1849  1851 

*  William  B.  Campbell 1851  1853 

*  Andre  w  Johnson 1853  1857 

*Isham  G.  Harris 1857  1861 

*Andrevv  Johnson  (military) . . .  1862  1864 

W.  G.  Brownlow 1865  1869 

Salary,  $3,000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Nashville. 

KENTUCKY. 

Isaac  Shelby 1792  1796 

James  Garrard 1796  1804 

•"Christopher  Greenup 1804  1808 

Charles  Scott 1808  1812 

Isaac  Shelby 1812  1816 

George  Madison 1816  1816 

G.  Slaughter  (acting) 1816  1820 

•"John  Adair 1820  1824 

*Joseph  Desha 1824  1828 

Thomas  Metcalfe 1828  1832 

John  Breathitt 1832  1834 

*J.  T.  Morehead  (acting) 1834  1836 

James  Clark 1836  1837 

*C.  A.  Wickliffe  (acting) 1839  1840 


FROM        TO 

'Robert  P.  Letcher 1840  1844 

William  Owsley 1844  1848 

*John  J.  Crittenden 1848  1850 

John  L.  Helm  (acting) 1850  1851 

*Lazarus  W.  Powell, 1851  1855 

•"Charles  S.  Morehead 1855  1859 

Beriah  Magoffin 1859  1861 

J.  F.  Robinson 1861  1863 

Thomas  E.  Bramlette 1863  1867 

John  L.  Helm 1867  1867 

•"John  W.  Stevenson  (acting)  . .  1867  1868 

Salary,  $2.500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Frankfort. 

OHIO. 

TERRITORY. 

Arthur  St.  Clair 1788  1803 

STATE. 

•"Edward  Tiffin 1803  1807 

Thomas  Kirker  (acting) 1807  1807 

Samuel  Huutington 1808  1810 

•"Return  J.  Meigs 1810  1814 

Othneil  Looker  (acting) 1614  1814 

•"Thomas  Worthington 1814  1818 

•"Ethan  Allen  Brown.. 1818  1822 

Allen  Trimble  (acting) 1822  1822 

•"Jeremiah  Morrow 1822  1826 

Allen  Trimble 1826  1830 

Duncan  McArthur 1830  1832 

Robert  Lucas 1832  1836 

•"Joseph  Vance 1836  1838 

•"Wilson  Shannon 1838  1840 

•"Thomas  Corwin 1840  1842 

•"Wilson  Shannon 1842  1844 

Thomas  W.  Bartley  (acting)  . . .  1844  1844 

•"Mordecai  Bartley 1844  1846 

William  Bebb 1846  1848 

Seabury  Ford 1848  1850 

Reuben  Wood 1850  1853 

"•William  Medill 1853  1856 

•"Salmon  P.  Chase 1856  1860 

William  Dennison 1860  1862 

David  Tod 1862  1864 

John  Brough 1864  1865 

Charles  Anderson  (acting) 1865  1866 

Jacob  D.  Cox 1866  1868 

Rutherford  B.  Hayes 1868  1870 

Salary,  $1,800. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Columbus. 

MICHIGAN. 

TERRITORY. 

William  Hull 1805  1814 

•"Lewis  Cass 1814  1831 

George  B.  Porter 1831  1834 

•"Stevens  T.  Mason  (acting) 1834  1835 

J.  S.  Homer  (acting) 1835  1836 

STATE. 

•"Stevens  T.  Mason 1836  1840 

*  William  Woodbridge 1840  1841 


584 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


FROM        TO 

J.  W.  Gordon  (acting) 1841  1842 

John  S.  Barry 1842  1846 

* Alpheus  Felch 1846  184 

W.  L.  Greenley  (acting) 1847  1848 

Epaphroditus  Hansom 1848  1850 

John  S.  Barry 1850  1852 

*Kobert  McClelland 1852  1853 

A .  Parsons  (acting) 1853  1855 

"•Kinsley  S.  Bingham 1855  1857 

"•Kinsley  S.  Binghara 1857  1859 

Moses  Wisner 1859  1861 

"•Austin  Blair 1861  1865 

Henry  II.  Crapo 1865  1869 

Salary,  $1,500. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Lansing. 

INDIANA. 

TERRITORY. 

William  H.Harrison 1800    1811 

John  Gibson  (acting) 181 1     1813 

Thomas  Poscy 1813    1816 

STATE. 

*  Jonathan  Jennings 1816  1822 

"•William  Hcndricks 1822  1825 

James  Brown  Ray 1825  1831 

Noah  Noble 1831  1837 

"•David  Wallace 1837  1840 

Samuel  Bigger 1840  1843 

"•James  Whitcomb 1843  1848 

Paris  C.  Dunning* 1848  1849 

"•Joseph  A.  Wright 1849  1857 

Ashbel  P.  Willard 1857  Died 

"•Henry  S.  Lane 1861  1861 

"•Oliver  P.  Morton 1861  1867 

Conrad  Baker 1867  1869 

Salary,  $3,000. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Indianapolis. 

ILLINOIS. 

TERRITORY. 

"•Ninian  Edwards 1809    1818 

STATE. 

"•Shadrach  Bond 1818  1822 

Edward  Coles 1822  182G 

"•Ninian  Edwards 182C  1830 

"•John  Reynolds 1830  1834 

"•Joseph  Ducan 1834  1838 

Thomas  Carlin 1838  1842 

Thomas  Ford 1842  1846 

Augustus  C.  French 1846  1853 

Joel  A.  Matteson 1853  1857 

"•William  II.  Bissell 1857  1800 

John  Woods 1860  1861 

"•Richard  Yates 1861  1865 

Richard  J.  Oalesby 1865  1869 

Salary,  01,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Springfield. 


MISSOURI. 

TERRITORY. 


Benjamin  Howard. 
William  Clark.. 


FROM       TO 


STATE. 

Alexander  McNair 1820  1824 

Frederick  Bates 1824  1826 

"•John  Miller 1826  1832 

Daniel  Dunklin 1832  1836 

L.  W.  Boggs 1836  1840 

Thomas  Reynolds 1840  1844 

"•John  C.  Edwards 1844  1848 

"•Austin  A.  King 1848  1853 

"•Sterling  Price 1853  1857 

"•Trusten  Polk 1857  1857 

Hancock  Jackson  (acting) 1857  1857 

R.  M.  Stewart 1857  1861 

Claiborne  F.  Jackson 1861  1861 

H.  R.  Gamble 1861  1864 

Thomas  C.  Fletcher 1864  1868 

Salary,  $5,000 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Jefferson  City. 

IOWA. 

TERRITORY. 

Robert  Lucas 1838    1841 

John  Chambers 1841 

James  Clark 1846 

STATE. 


Ansel  Briggs 1846  1850 

Stephen  Hempstead 1850  1854 

"•James  W.  Grimes 1854  1858 

Ralph  P.  Lowe 1858  1860 

*S.  J.  Kirk  wood 1860  1864 

Wm.  M.  Stone 1864  1868 

Samuel  Merrill 1868  1870 

Salary,  $2,200. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Des  Moines  City. 

WISCONSIN. 

TERRITORY. 

*Henry  Dodge 1836  1841 

"•James  D.  Doty 1841  1844 

"•Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge 1844  1845 

"•Henry  Dodge 1845  1848 

STATE. 

Nelson  Dewey 1848  1851 

Leonard  J.  Farwell 1851  1853 

William  A.  Barstow 1853  1855 

olesBashford 1855  1857 

Alexander  W.  Randall 1857  1861 

Edward  Solomon 1861  1863 

James  T.  Lewis 1863  1866 


*  During  the  uncxpired  term  of  Governor  Whitcomb,  elected  in  1848  to  the  United  States  Senate. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


585 


FROM      TO 

Lucius  Fail-child 1866    1869 

Salary,  $1,250. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Madison. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Peter  H.  Burnett 1849  1851 

John  McDougall  (acting) 1851  1«52 

*  John  Bigler 1852  1856 

J.  Neely  Johnson 1856  1858 

*John  B.  Weller 1858  1860 

*M.  S.  Latham.... 1860  1862 

John  G.Downey 1860  1862 

Leland  Stanford 1861  1863 

Frederick  F.  Low 1863  1868 

Henry  H.  Haiglit 186S  1870 

Salary,  $14,000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Sacramento. 

MINNESOTA. 

TERRITORY. 

*Alexander  Ramsey 1849     1853 

Willis  A.  Gorman 1853     1857 

Samuel  Medary 1857    1858 

STATE. 

*Henry  H.  Sibley 1858  1858 

*  Alexander  Ramsey 1858  1862 

Stephen  Miller 1863  1866 

William  R.  Marshall 1866  1868 

Salary,  $2,500. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  St.  Paul. 

OREGON. 

TERRITORY. 

*  James  Shields 1848 

*  Joseph  Lane 1848 

John  P.  Gaines 1 850 

*Joseph  Lane 1853 

John  W.  Davis 1853 

George  L.  Curry 1854 

STATE. 

John  Whittaker 1859  1862 

A.  C.  Gibbs 1862  1866 

George  L.  Woods 1866  1870 

Salary,  $1,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Salem. 

KANSAS. 

TERRITORY. 

A.  H.  Reeder 1 . 1854 

*  John  L.  Dawson  (Declined) 1855 

Wilson  Shannon 1855 

John  W.  Geary 1856 

*R.  J.  Walker 1857 


*  J.  W.  Denver 1858 

*F.  P.  Stanton 1858 

STATE. 

Charles  Robinson 1861 

Thomas  Carney from  1861  to  1864 

S.  J.  Crawford from  1864  to  1869 

Salary,  $2,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Arthur  I.  Boreman from  1861  to  1869 

Salary,  $2,000. 

Terra,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Wheeling. 

NEVADA. 

TERRITORY. 

*James  W.  Nye 1361 


H.  G.  Blaisdell from  1864  to  1869 

Salary,  $4,000. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Carson  City. 

NEBRASKA. 

TERRITORY. 

*William  O.  Butler  (Declined.) 1854 

Francis  Burt 1854 

Mark  W.  Izard 1854 

*\Vm.  A.  Richardson 1857 

Samuel  W.  Black 1861 


David  Butler from  1867  to  1868 

Salary,  $1000. 

Term,  two  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Omaha  City. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

James  S.  Calhoun 1851 

William  Carr  Lane 1852 

*Solon  Borland 1853 

David  Merriwether 1853 

Abraham  Rencher 1857 

Henry  Connelly 1861 

Robert  B.  Mitchell 1865 

W.  M.  T.  Arny  (acting) 1867 

Salary,  $3,000. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Santa  Fe. 

TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

Brigham  Young 1850 

Edward  J.  Steptoe 1854 

Alfred  Cummings 1857 

S.  S.  Harding 1861 

James  D.  Doty 1864 


586 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


"Charles  Durkee 18G5 

Salary,  $2,500. 
Terra,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Great  Salt  Lake 
City. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

"Isaac  I.  Stevens 1853 

*J.  Patton  Anderson 1857 

Fayette  McMullen 1857 

Richard  D.  Gholson 1861 

*  William  II.  Wallace 1861 

William  Pickering 1861 

Marshall  F.  Moore 1867 

Salary,  $3,000. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Olympia. 

TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO. 

John  Evans 1861 

Alexander  Cummiugs 1865 

A.  C.  Hunt 1867 

Salary,  $2,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Golden  City. 

TERRITORY  OF  DACOTAH. 

"William  Jayne 1861 

Newton  Edmunds 1863 

Andrew  J.  Faulk 1866 


Salary,  $1,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Yancton. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

*John  A.  Gurley 1862 

*  John  N.  Goodwin 18(53 

M.  M.  Crocker  (military) 1864 

Richard  C.  McCormick 1866 

David  W.  Eallard 1867 

Salary,  $3,000. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Govei'umeut,  Tucson. 

TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

"William  II.  Wallace 1863 

"Caleb  Lyon,  of  Lyousdale 1864 

David  W.  Ballard 1866 

Isaac  L.  Gibbs 1867 

Salary,  $2,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Seat  of  Government,  Boise  City. 

TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA 

"Sidney  Edgerton 1864 

Francis  Meagher  (acting) 1865 

"Green  Clay  Smith 1866 

Salary,  $2,500. 

Term,  four  years. 

Scat  of  Government,  Virginia  City. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  587 

RIGHT  OF  SUFFRAGE  IN  EACH  STATE. 

[FKOM  THE  STATE  CONSTITUTIONS.] 


MAINE 

Gives  the  ballot  to  every  male  citizen  of  the  United  States  of  the  age  of  twenty-one 
years  and  upward,  excepting  paupers,  persons  under  guardianship,  and  Indians  not 
taxed,  having  resided  in  the  State  three  mouths.  —  {Constitution  of  Oct.  29,  1819.) 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE 

Gives  the  ballot  to  "  every  male  inhabitant  "  of  twenty-one  years,  except  paupers  and 
persons  excused  from  paying  taxes  at  their  own  request.  Freehold  property  qualifica 
tions  were  formerly  required  for  office-holders,  but  these  are  abolished.  New  Hamp 
shire  never  excluded  colored  men  from  voting  or  holding  office. —  (Constitution  0/1792.) 

VERMONT. 

Every  man  twenty-one  years  of  age,  who  has  resided  one  year  in  the  State,  and  who 
will  take  an  oath  to  vote  "  so  as  in  his  conscience  he  shall  judge  will  most  conduce  to 
the  best  good"  of  the  State,  may  vote.  —  (Constitution  0/1793.) 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

The  ballot  belongs  to  every  male  citizen,  twenty-one  years  of  age  (except  paupers  and 
persons  under  guardianship),  who  shall  have  paid  any  tax  assessed  within  two  years,  or 
who  shall  be  exempted  from  taxation.  But  no  person  has  the  right  to  vote,  or  is  eligible  to 
office  under  the  Constitution  of  this  Commonwealth,  who  is  not  able  to  read  the  Con 
stitution  in  the  English  language,  and  write  his  name.  But  this  provision  docs  not 
apply  to  any  person  prevented  by  a  physical  disability  from  complying  with  its  requi 
sitions,  nor  to  any  persons  who  shall  be  sixty  years  of  age  or  upward  at  the  time  this 
amendment  shall  take  effect.  —  (Amendment  to  Constitution  of  1780.) 

RHODE  ISLAND 

Gives  the  right  of  suffrage :  — 

1.  To  every  male  citizen  of  full  age,  one  year  in  the  State,  six  months  in  the  town, 
owning  real  estate  worth  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  dollars,  or  renting  seven  dollars 
per  annum. 

2.  To  every  native  male  citizen  of  full  age,  two  years  in  the  State,  six  months  in  the 
town,  who  is  duly  registered,  who  has  paid  one  dollar  tax,  or  done  militia  service  within 
the  year.  —  (Constitution  of  1842.) 

CONNECTICUT 

Gives  the  ballot  to  all  persons,  whether  white  or  black,  who  were  freemen  at  the 
adoption  of  her  Constitution  (.1818),  and  subsequently  to  "  every  white  male  citizen  of 
the  United  States,"  of  full  age,  resident  six  months  in  the  town,  and  owning  a  freehold 
of  the  yearly  value  or  seven  dollars,  or  who  shall  have  performed  militia  duty,  paid  a  State 
tax,  and  sustained  a  good  moral  character  within  the  year.  This  was  amended  in  1845  by 
utriking  out  the  propeVty  and  tax-paying  qualification,  and  fixing  the  residence  at  one 
year  in  the  State,  and  six  months  in  the  town.  Only  those  negroes  have  voted  in  Con 
necticut  who  were  admitted  freedmen  prior  to  1818. 

INDIANA 

Gives  the  right  of  suffrage  to  "  every  white  male  citizen  of  the  United  States,"  of 
full  age  and  six  months'  residence  in  the  State,  and  every  white  male  of  foreign  birth  and 
full  age,  who  has  resided  one  year  in  the  United  States,  and  six  months  preceding  the 
election  in  the  State,  and  who  has  declared  his  intention  to  become  a  citizen.  No  per 
son  shall  lose  his  vote  by  absence  in  the  service  of  the  State,  or  United  States.  "No 
negro  or  mulatto  shall  have  the  right  of  suffrage." 


588  STATISTICAL    EECOKDS. 


ILLINOIS 

Gives  the  vote  to  "  every  white  male  citizen  "  of  full  age,  residing  one  year  in  the  State, 
and  "  every  white  male  inhabitant "  who  was  a  resident  of  the  State  at  the  adoption  of 
this  Constitution.    Like  provisions  to  those  of  Indiana  exist  here,  relative  to  persons 
•  ill  the  service  of  the  United  States.  —  (Constitution  of  1817.) 

MISSOURI, 
By  her  Free  State  Constitution  of  1865,  excludes  the  blacks  from  voting. 

MICHIGAN 

Gives  the  ballot  to  every  white  male  citizen,  to  every  white  male  inhabitant  residing 
in  the  State,  June  24th,  1835,  and  to  every  white  male  inhabitant  residing  in  the  State 
January  1st,  1850,  who  has  declared  his  intention,  etc.,  or  who  has  resided  two  and  a 
half  years  in  the  State,  and  declared  his  intention,  and  to  every  civilized  male  Indian 
inhabitant,  not  a  member  of  any  tribe.  But  no  person  shall  vote  unless  of  full  age, 
and  a  resident  three  months  in  the  State  and  six  days  in  the  town.  —  (Constitution  of 
1850.) 

IOWA. 

Every  "  white  male  citizen"  of  U.  S.,  of  full  age,  resident  six  months  in  the  State, 
sixty  days  in  the  county,  has  the  right  of  voting. 

NEW  YORK 

Admits  to  the  suffrage  "  every  male  citizen  "  of  full  age,  who  shall  have  been  ten 
days  a  citizen,  one  year  in  the  State,  four  months  in  the  country,  and  thirty  days  in  the 
district.  But  no  man  of  color  shall  vote  unless  he  has  been  three  years  a  citizen  of  the 
State,  and  for  one  year  the  owner  of  a  freehold  worth  $250,  over  incumbrances,  on  which 
he  shall  have  paid  a  tax,  and  he  is  to  be  subject  to  no  direct  tax,  unless  he  owns  such 
freehold.  Laws  are  authorized  and  have  been  passed,  excluding  from  the  suffrage 
persons  convicted  of  bribery,  larceny,  or  infamous  crime,  also  persons  betting  on  the 
election.  No  person  gains  or  loses  a  residence  by  reason  of  presence  or  absence  in 
the  service  of  the  United  States  —  nor  in  navigation  —  nor  as  a  student  in  a  seminary 
—  nor  in  an  asylum  or  prison.  A  registry  law  also  exists. 

NEW  JERSEY 

Gives  the  ballot,  by  its  Constitution  of  1844,  to  "every  white  male  citizen"  of  the 
United  States,  of  full  age,  residing  one  year  in  the  State  and  five  months  in  the  county, 
except  that  no  pauper,  idiot,  insane  person,  or  persons  convicted  of  a  crime  which  ex 
cludes  him  from  being  a  witness,  shall  vote. 

PENNSYLVANIA 

Gives  a  vote  to  "  every  white  freeman,"  of  full  age,  who  has  resided  one  year  in  the 
State  and  ten  days  in  the  election  district,  and  has  within  two  years  paid  a  tax,  except 
that  a  once  qualified  voter  returning  into  the  State  after  an  absence  which  disqualifies 
him  from  voting,  regains  his  vote  by  a  six  months'  residence,  and  except  that  white  free 
citizens  under  twenty-two  and  over  twenty-one  vote  without  paying  taxes. 


Limits  the  elective  franchise  to  "  every  white  male  citizen  "  of  the  United  States,  of 
full  age,  resident  one  year  in  the  State.  (Constitution  of  1851.)  But  the  courts  of  Ohio 
having  held  that  every  person  of  one-half  white  blood  is  a  "white  male  citizen"  within 
the  Constitution,  and  that  the  burden  of  proof  is  with  the  challenging  party,  to  show 
that  the  person  is  more  than  half  black,  which  is  impracticable— in  practice,  negroes  in 
Ohio  vote  without  restriction. 

WISCONSIN. 

Every  male  person  of  full  age,  resident  one  year  in  the  State  and  being  either :  1.  A 
white  citizen  of  the  United  States;  2.  A  white  alien  who  has  declared  his  intention; 


STATISTICAL    EECOEDS.  589 

• 

3.  A  person  of  Indian  blood  who  has  been  declared  a  citizen  by  act  of  Congress;  4. 
Civilized  persons  of  Indian  descent  not  members  of  any  tribe. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Every  white  male  citizen  of  the  United  States  (or  of  Mexico,  who  shall  have  elected 
to  become  a  citizen  of  the  United  States  under  treaty  ofQueretaroj  of  full  age,  resident 
six  months  in  the  State  and  thirty  clays  in  the  district.  The  Legislature  has  power  to 
extend  the  right  to  Indians  and  their  descendants. 

MINNESOTA. 

Every  male  person  of  full  age,  resident  one  year  in  the  United  States,  and  four  months 
in  the  State,  and  being  either :  1.  A  white  citizen  of  the  United  States;  2.  A  white  alien 
who  has  declared  his  intention;  3.  Civilized  persons  of  mixed  white  and  Indian  blood ; 

4.  Civilized  Indians  certified  by  a  district  court  to  be  fit  for  citizenship. 

OREGON. 

Every  white  male  citizen  of  full  age,  six  months  a  resident  in  the  State,  and  every 
white  male  alien,  of  full  age,  resident  in  the  United  States  one  year,  who  has  declared  his 
intention,  may  vote ;  but  '*  no  negro,  Chinaman,  or  mulatto." 

KANSAS 

Gives  the  ballot  to  every  white  male  adult  resident  six  months  in  the  State,  and  thirty 
days  in  the  town,  who  is  either  a  citizen,  or  has  declared  his  intention. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Every  white  male  citizen  (except  minors,  lunatics  and  felons),  resident  one  year  m  the 
State,  and  thirty  days  in  the  county. 

NEVADA. 

The  law  on  the  right  of  suffrage  is  similar  to  that  of  Oregon. 

NEBRASKA. 

White  citizens,  native  and  naturalized,  who  have  attained  the  age  of  twenty-one,  and 
resided  in  the  State  for  the  period  provided  by  law. 

DELAWARE, 

By  her  Constitution  as  revised  in  1831,  Art.  4,  Sec.  1,  gives  the  elective  franchise  to 
every  free  white  male  citizen  of  the  age  of  twenty-two  years  who  has  resided  one  year  in 
the  State  and  the  last  month  thereof  in  the  county,  and  who  has  within  two  years  paid  a 
county  tax,  assessed  at  least  six  months  before  the  election ;  every  free  white  male  citi 
zen  over  twenty-one  and  under  twenty-two  may  vote  without  paying  any  tax.  Idiots, 
insane  persons,  paupers,  and  felons  are  excluded  from  voting,  and  the  Legislature  may 
impose  forfeiture  of  the  right  of  suffrage  as  a  punishment  for  crime. 

MARYLAND, 

By  her  Constitution,  adopted  in  1851,  Art.  1,  Sec.  1,  allows  "every  free  white  male 
person  of  twenty -one  years  of  age,  or  upward,"  who  has  resided  one  year  in  the  State, 
six  months  in  the  county,  and  is  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  to  vote  in  the  election  dis 
trict  in  which  he  resides ;  but  no  adult  convicted  of  an  infamous  crime  unless  pardoned, 
and  no  lunatic  or  person  non  compos  mentis  shall  vote.  —  (Unchanged  by  Constitution  of 
1867.) 

VIRGINIA, 

By  her  Constitution  of  1851,  admitted  to  vote  "  every  white  male  citizen  of  Virginia 
of  twenty-one  years,  who  has  resided  two  years  in  the  State,  and  twelve  months  in  the 
county,  except  persons  of  unsound  mind,  paupers,  non-commissioned  officers,  soldiers, 
seamen,  or  marines  in  the  United  States  service,  or  persons  convicted  of  bribery,  or 


590  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


some  infamous  offence ;  persons  in  the  military  and  naval  United  States  service  not 
to  be  deemed  residents  by  virtue  of  being  stationed  therein." 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

By  the  Constitution,  as  amended  in  1835.  all  freemen  twenty-one  years  of  age,  living 
twelve  months  in  the  State,  and  owning  a  freehold  of  tifty  acres  for  six  months,  should 
vote,  except  that 

"No  free  negro,  free  mulatto,  or  free  person  of  mixed  blood,  descended  from  negro 
ancestors  to  the  fourth  generation  inclusive  (though  one  ancestor  of  each  generation 
may  have  been  a  white  person),  shall  vote  for  members  of  the  Senate  or  House  of 
Commons." 

SOUTH  CAROLINA, 

By  her  new  Constitution  of  1865,  gives  the  right  of  voting  to  every  person  who  has 
the  following  qualifications  :  He  shall  be  a  free  white  man,  who  has  attained  the  age  of 
twenty-one  years,  and  is  not  a  pauper,  nor  a  non-commissioned  officer  or  private  soldier 
of  the  army,  nor  a  seaman  or  a  marine  of  the  navy  of  the  United  States.  He  shall,  for 
two  years  preceding  the  election,  have  been  a  citizen  of  the  State,  or,  for  the  same 
period,  an  emigrant  from  Europe,  who  has  declared  his  intention  to  become  a  citizen 
of  the  United  States.  He  shall  have  resided  in  the  State  at  least  two  years  preceding 
the  election,  and  for  the  last  six  mouths  in  the  district. 

GEORGIA, 

By  her  new  Constitution,  adopted  in  1865,  declares  that  "  the  electors  of  the  General 
Assembly  shall  be  free  white  male  citizens  of  the  State,  and  shall  have  attained  the  age 
of  twenty-one  years,  and  shall  have  paid  all  taxes  which  may  have  been  required  of 
them,  and  which  they  have  had  an  opportunity  of  paying  agreeably  to  law,  for  the  year 
preceding  the  election,  shall  be  citizens  of  the  United  States ;  and  shall  have  resided 
six  months  either  in  the  district  or  county,  and  two  years  within  the  State. 

KENTUCKY, 

By  her  Constitution,  adopted  in  1850,  makes  "  every  white  male  citizen,  of  the  age  of 
twenty-one  years,"  who  has  resided  two  years  in  the  State,  one  year  in  the  county,  and 
sixty  days  in  the  precinct,  a  voter. 

TENNESSEE, 

By  her  former  Constitution,  adopted  in  1834,  gave  the  elective  franchise  to  every  free 
white  man  of  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  being  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  for 
six  months  a  resident  of  the  county;  provided,  that  all  persons  of  color  who  are  com 
petent  witnesses  in  a  court  of  justice  against  a  white  man,  may  also  vote. 

LOUISIANA, 

By  the  Constitution  of  1852,  gave  the  ballot  to  every  free  white  male  who  has  attained 
the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  has  resided  twelve  months  in  the  State,  and  six 
months  in  the  parish. 

MISSISSIPPI 

Makes  every  free  white  male  person  of  twenty-one  years  of  age,  who  shall  be  a  citi 
zen  of  the  United  States,  who  has  resided  one  year  in  the  State,  and  four  months  in 
the  county,  a  qualified  elector. — {Old  Constitution.) 

ALABAMA 

Is  the  same  as  Mississippi,  with  the  substitution  of  three  months'  residence  in  the 
county. — {Old  Constitution.') 

FLORIDA 

Limits  the  suffrage  to  "every  free  white  male  person"  of  twenty-one  years  of  age,  a 
citizen  of  the  United  S:ates,  two  years  a  resident  of  the  State,  and  six  months  of  the 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  591 


county,  duly  enrolled  in  the  militia,  and  duly  registered ;  provided,  that  no  soldier  or 
seaman  quartered  therein  shall  be  deemed  a  resident,  and  the  Legislature  may  exclude 
from  voting,  for  crime. — (Old  Constitution.) 

AKKANSAS 

Makes  every  free  white  male  citizen  of  the  United  States,  twenty-one  years  of  age, 
who  shall  have  resided  six  months  in  the  State,  a  qualified  voter  in  the  district  where 
he  resides,  except  that  no  soldier,  seaman,  or  marine  in  the  United  States'  service  cau 
vote  in  the  State. — (Old  Constitution.) 

TEXAS 

Gives  the  vote  to  "every  free  male  person"  who  shall  have  attained  the  age  of 
twenty-one  years,  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  or  of  the  Republic  of  Texas,  one  year 
a  resident  of  the  State,  and  six  months  of  the  county  (Indians  not  taxed,  Africans  and 
the  descendants  of  Africans  excepted. — (Old  Constitution.) 


QUALIFICATIONS  FOR  GOVERNORS,  SENATORS,  AND  REP 
RESENTATIVES  IN  EACH  STATE. 

[FROM  THE  STATE  CONSTITUTIONS.] 


MAINE. 

Governor. — A  native  citizen  of  the  United  States,  five  years  a  citizen  of  the  State, 
and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — Five  years  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  one  year 
of  the  State,  and  twenty-five  years  of  age.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  United 
States  five  years,  an  inhabitant  of  the  State  one  year,  and  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  seven  years,  an  estate  of  £500  (one-half  a 
freehold),  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — Residence  in  the  State  seven  years,  a 
freehold  estate  of  £200,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Representatives.— Two  years  an  inhab 
itant  of  the  State,  and  an  estate  of  £100  (one-half  a  freehold). 

VERMONT. 

Governor.— A.  citizen  of  the  State  four  years.  Senators. — A  qualified  voter,  and 
thirty  years  of  age.  Representatives.— Persons  most  noted  for  wisdom  and  virtue,  and 
who  have  resided  in  the  State  two  years. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Governor.—  A  citizen  of  the  State  seven  years,  an  estate  of  £1,000,  and  of  the  Christian 
religion.  Senators. — Five  years  a  citizen  of  the  State,  a  freehold  of  £300,  or  ratable 
estate  of  £600.  Representatives,— A.  citizen  of  the  State  one  year,  and  a  freehold  of 
£100,  or  ratable  estate  of  £200.. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

Governors,  Senators,  and  Representatives. — Their  qualifications  are  not  specified  In 
the  State  Constitution  only  to  the  extent  that  they  must  make  oath  to  support  the 
State  and  Federal  Constitutions. 

CONNECTICUT. 

Governor.— A  voter,  and  thirty  years  of  age.    Senators.— A  qualified  voter. 
tentative.— A.  qualified  voter. 


592  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


NEW  YORK. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  five  years  a  citizen  of  the  State,  a  freeholder, 
and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — A  qualified  voter,  and  a  freeholder.  Representa 
tives.  —  No  qualifications. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Governor. — A  resident  of  the  State.  No  Senate;  the  duties  performed  by  the  Legis 
lative  Council.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  State  one  year,  and  real  or  personal 
estate  of  £500,  proclamation  money. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Governor, — A  citizen  of  the  State  seven  years,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — 
A  citizen  of  the  State  four  years,  and  of  the  district  where  chosen  the  last  year,  and 
twenty-five  years  of  age.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  State  three  years,  and  for 
the  last  year  a  citizen  of  the  city  or  county  where  chosen. 

DELAWARE. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  twelve  years,  of  the  State  the  last  six 
years,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  State  three  years,  a  free 
hold  of  two  hundred  acres,  or  £1,000,  and  twenty-seven  years  of  age.  Representatives. 
— A  citizen  of  the  State  three  years,  and  twenty-four  years  of  age. 

MARYLAND. 

Governor. — A  resident  of  the  State  above  five  years,  and  thirty  yeary  of  age.  Sen 
ators. — A  resident  of  the  State  three  years,  and  twenty-five  years  of  age.  Representa 
tives. — Resident  in  the  county  where  chosen  one  year,  and  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

VIRGINIA. 

Governor. — A  native  citizen  of  the  United  States,  citizen  of  the  State  five  years,  and 
thirty  years  of  age ;  ineligible  for  three  years  after  the  first  term.  Senators. — A  resi 
dent  and  freeholder  in  the  district  where  chosen,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Representa 
tives. — A  resident  and  freeholder  in  the  county  where  chosen,  and  twenty-five  years 
of  age. — (Old  Constitution.) 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Governor. — A  resident  in  the  State  five  years,  freehold  in  the  State  of  more  than 
£1,000,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  county  where  chosen  one 
year,  and  three  hundred  acres  of  land.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  county  where 
chosen  one  year,  one  hundred  acres  of  laud  in  fee  or  for  the  term  of  his  life.— (Old  Con 
stitution.') 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  State  ten  years,  an  estate  of  £1.500,  sterling,  clear  of 
debt,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  State  five  years,  a  resident 
of  the  district  where  chosen,  and  an  estate  of  £300,  sterling;  or,  not  being  a  resident, 
an  estate  of  £1,000,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  State 
three  years,  a  resident,  and  an  estate  of  five  hundred  acres  of  land,  ten  negroes,  or  £150 
sterling  in  real  estate;  or,  not  being  a  resident,  an  estate  of  £500  sterling. — (Old  Con 
stitution.') 

GEORGIA. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  twelve  years,  and  of  the  State  six  years, 
an  estate  of  five  hundred  acres  of  land,  and  other  property  amounting  to  $4,000  more 
than  debts  due,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Senators.  A  citizen  of  the  United  States  nine 
years,  and  of  the  State  three  years,  a  freehold  of  $ 500,  or  taxable  property  of  $1,000 
more  than  debts  due,  all  legal  taxes  paid,  and  twenty-five  years  of  age.  Representatives. 
— A  citizen  of  the  United  States  seven  years,  and  of  the  State  three  years,  a  freehold  of 
$250,  or  taxable  property  of  $500  more  than  debts  due,  and  all  legal  taxes  paid. — (Old 
Constitution.') 

ALABAMA. 

Governor. — A  native  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  a  citizen  of  the  State  four 
years,  thirty  years  of  age,  and  ineligible  for  more  than  four  successive  years.  Senators. 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  593 


—  A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  of  the  State  two  years,  and  of  the  district  where 
chosen  one  year,  and  twenty-seven  years  of  age.  Representatives.  — -  A  citizen  of  the 
United  States,  of  the  State  two  years,  and  of  the  county  where  chosen  oue  year,  and 
twenty-one  years  of  age. — (Old  Constitution.} 

MISSISSIPPI. 

Governor.  —  A  citizen  of  the  United  States  twenty  years,  and  of  the  State  five  years, 
a  freehold  estate  of  $2,000,  and  thirty  years  of  age ;  'ineligible  for  more  than  four  suc 
cessive  years.  Senators.  —  A  citizen  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  State  four  years, 
the  last  year  residing  in  the  district  where  chosen,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Representa 
tives.  —  A  citizen  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  State  two  years,  the  last  year  residing 
in  the  county  where  chosen,  a  freehold  estate  of  $500,  and  twenty-one  years  of  age. — 
(Old  Constitution.) 

LOUISIANA. 

Governor.  —  A  citizen  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  State  six  years,  an  estate  of 
$5,000,  and  thirty-live  years  of  age.  Senators.— A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  of  the 
State  four  years,  and  in  the  district  where  chosen  one  year,  an  estate  of  $1,000,  and 
twenty-seven  years  of  age.  Representatives.*— A.  citizen  of  the  United  States,  of  the 
State  two  years,  and  of  the  county  where  chosen  one  year,  an  estate  in  land  of  $500, 
and  twenty-one  years  of  age. — {Old  Constitution.') 

TENNESSEE. 

Governor.— A  citizen  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  State  seven  years,  and  thirty 
years  of  age.  Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  three  years'  residence  in  the 
State,  and  in  the  county  Avhere  chosen  one  year,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Representa 
tives. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  State  three  years,  residence  in  the 
county  where  chosen  one  year,  and  twenty-one  years  of  age. — (Old  Constitution.') 

KENTUCKY. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  and  of  the  State  six  years,  thirty-five  years 
of  age,  and  ineligible  for  more  than  one  term  in  seven  years.  Senators. — A  citizen  of 
the  United  States,  of  the  State  six  years,  and  of  the  district  where  chosen  the  last  year, 
and  thirty-five  years  of  age.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  of  the 
State  two  years,  and  of  the  county  where  chosen  the  last  year,  and  twenty-four  years 
of  age. 

OHIO. 

Governor.  — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  twelve  years,  an  inhabitant  of  the  State 
four  years,  .and  thirty-five  years  of  age.  Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and 
of  the  district  where  chosen  two  years,  having  paid  and  State  or  county  tax,  and  thirty 
years  of  age.  Representatives.  —  A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  an  inhabitant  of  the 
State,  and  a  resident  in  the  county  where  chosen  one  year,  having  paid  a  State  or  county 
tax,  and  twenty-live  years  of  age. 

INDIANA. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  ten  years,  and  of  the  State  five  years,  and, 
thirty  years  of  age.  Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  of  the  State  two  years, 
and  of  the  district  where  chosen  the  last  year,  having  paid  a  State  or  county  tax,  and 
twenty-live  years  of  age.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  of  the 
State  and  county  where  chosen  one  year,  having  paid  a  State  or  county  tax,  and  twenty- 
one  years  of  age. 

ILLINOIS. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  thirty  years,  and  of  the  State  two  years, 
thirty  years  of  age,  and  ineligible  for  two  successive  terms.  Senators. — A  citizen  of 
the  United  States,  and  of  the  district  where  chosen  the  last  year,  having  paid  a  State  or 
county  tax,  and  twenty-five  years  of  age.  Representatives. — A.  citizen  of  the  United 
States,  and  an  inhabitant  of  the  State  and  county  where  chosen,  having  paid  a  State  or 
county  tax,  and  twenty-one  years  of  age. 
33 


594  STATISTICAL    RECORDS. 


MISSOURI. 

Governor  — A  native  citizen  of  the  United  States,  a  resident  of  the  State  four  years, 
and  thirty-five  years  of  age.  Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  of  the  State 
four  years,  and  of  the  district  where  chosen  one  year,  having  paid  a  State  or  county 
tax,  and  thirty  years  of  age.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  of  the 
State  two  years,  and  of  the  county  where  chosen  one  year,  having  paid  a  State  or 
county  tax,  and  twenty-four  years  of  age. 

MICHIGAN. 

Governor. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States  five  years,  and  a  resident  of  the  State  the 
last  two  years.  Senators.  —  A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  a  qualified  voter  in  the 
county  where  chosen.  Representatives.  —  Same  as  the  Senators. 

ARKANSAS. 

Governor.— A.  native  citizen  of  the  United  States,  or  a  resident  of  the  State  ten  years 
previous  to  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  and  four  years  preceding  the  election. 
Senators. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  a  resident  of  the  State  one  year,  and  thirty 
years  of  age.  Representatives. — A  citizen  of  the  United  States,  a  resident  of  the 
county  where  chosen,  and  twenty-five  years  of  age. — (Old  Constitution.*) 

FLORIDA. 

Governor. — Must  be  thirty  years  of  age.  have  been  a  citizen  of  the  United  States  for 
ten  years,  or  an  inhabitant  of  Florida  at  the  time  of  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution, 
and  a  resident  of  the  State  five  years  preceding  the  day  of  election.  Senators.— A.  citi 
zen  of  the  United  States,  a  resident  of  the  State  for  two  years,  one  year  a  resident  of 
the  district  in  which  he  resides,  and  must  be  twenty-five  years  of  age.  Representa 
tives. — Must  have  attained  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  in  other  particulars  quali 
fied  as  are  the  Senators. — (Old  Constitution.) 

TEXAS. 

Governor. — Must  be  thirty  years  of  age,  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  have 
been  a  resident  of  the  State  for  three  years  preceding  his  election.  Senators. — Must 
have  attained  the  age  of  thirty  years,  be  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  a  resident  in 
the  State  for  three  years  preceding  his  election,  and  one  year  in  the  district  where  he 
resides.  Representations. — Must  be  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  have  resided  in  the 
State  two  years,  in  his  district  one  year,  and  have  attained  the  age  of  twenty-one 
years. — (  Old  Constitution.') 

IOWA. 

Governor. — Must  be  thirty  years  of  age,  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  a  resident 
of  the  State  for  two  years.  Senators. — Must  be  twenty-five  years  of  age,  a  citizen  of 
the  United  States,  a  resident  of  the  State  for  one  year,  and  of  the  district  where  he 
resides  at  least  sixty  clays.  Representatives. — Must  be  twenty-one  years  of  age,  and  ill 
other  respects  possess  the  qualifications  of  Senators. 

WISCONSIN. 

Governor. — No  person  except  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  a  qualified  elector 
of  the  State,  shall  be  eligible  to  this  office.  Senators  and  Representatives. — No  person 
shall  be  eligible  to  the  Legislature  who  shall  not  have  resided  in  the  State  one  year, 
and  be  a  qualified  elector  in  the  district  where  he  resides. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Governor. — Must  be  twenty-five  years  of  age,  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  a 
resident  of  the  State  for  two  years.  Senators  and  Representatives. — Must  be  qualified 
electors,  residents  of  the  State  one  year,  and  of  their  districts  six  monihs. 

MINNESOTA. 

Governor. — Must  be  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  twenty-five  years  of  age,  and  a 
resident  of  the  State  for  one  year.  Senators  and  Representatives. — Shall  be  qualified 


STATISTICAL    RECORDS.  595 


voters  of  the  State,  and  shall  have  resided  one  year  in  the  State  and  six  months  in  the 
district  from  which  they  are  elected. 

OREGON. 

Governor. — Must  be  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  thirty  years  of  age,  and  three 
years  a  resident  of  the  State.  Senators  and  Representatives. — Must  be  twenty-one  years 
of  age,  citizens  of  the  United  States,  and  residents  of  their  several  districts  for  one 
year  preceding  their  election. 

KANSAS. 

Governor.—  Must  be  thirty  years  of  age,  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  and  have 
resided  two  years  in  the  State.  Senators. — Must  be  twenty-five  years  of  age,  a  citizen 
of  the  United  States,  and  a  resident  of  the  State  for  one  year.  Representatives. — Must 
be  twenty-one  years  of  age,  and  possess  the  other  qualifications  of  Senators. 

WEST  VIEGINIA. 

Governor. — His  qualifications  are  not  specified  in  the  Constitution  of  the  State 
Senators  and  Hepresentatives. — Must  have  been  residents  of  the  district  or  county  where 
chosen  for  one  year  next  preceding  the  election. 

NEVADA. 

Governor. — Must  be  twenty -five  years  of  age,  and  a  citizen  of  the  State  two  years. 
Senators  and  Representatives . — Their  qualifications  are  not  specified  in  the  Constitution 
of  the  State,  excepting  so  far  as  being  qualified  electors. 

NEBEASKA. 

Governor,  Senators  and  Representatives. — Their  qualifications  are  not  specified  in  the 
State  Constitution  excepting  so  far  as  being  citizens  and  qualified  electors. 


CONCLUDING  NOTE. 

In  a  work  of  this  kind,  containing  so  many  thousand  proper  names,  it  is  almost  im 
possible  not  to  commit  an  occasional  error;  and  I  earnestly  request  that  those  who 
many  consult  the  volume,  and  can  furnish  me  with  corrections,  will  promptly  do  so, 
and  thereby  benefit  the  public  and  place  me  under  obligations.  Any  additional  facts 
will  also  be  thankfully  received. 

Address, 

CHAELES  LANMAN, 
Georgetown,  District  of  Columbia. 


INDEX 


INDEX  BY  STATES 


NAMES  OF  SENATORS,  REPRESENTATIVES,  AND  DELEGATES. 


Alabama. 

PAGE. 

Abercrombie,  James 9 

Alston,  William  J 15 

Itagby,  Arthur  P 2-') 

Baylor,  it.  E.  B 32 

lielser,  James  E 35 

Bowdon,  Franklin  W 4(5 

Bragg,  John 49 

Chambers,  Henry 75 

Chapman,  Reuben 76 

Clay,  Clement  C 83 

Clay,  Clement  C.,  Jr 83 

Clemens,  Jeremiah 85 

Cloplon,  David 86 

Cobb,  Williamson  It.  W 88 

Cotteral,  J.  L.  T 05 

Crabb,  George  \V 96 

Crowell,  John 100 

Curry,  J.  L.  M 101 

Dargan.  F.dward  S 105 

Dcllet,  James 112 

Dpwdell,  James  P 120 

Fitzpatrick,  Benjamin 130 

Gftyle,  John 151 

Harris,  Sampson  W 175 

HUllard,  Henry  W 188 

Houston,  George  S 195 

Hiibbard,  David 198 

Inge,  Samuel  W 203 

King,  William  B 223 

Lawler,  Joab 230 

Lewis,  Dixon  H 237 

Lyon.  Francis  S 240 

Hordia,  Samuel  W 258 

Martin,  Joshua  L 200 

McConnell,  Felix  G 249 

McKinley,  John 252 

Moore,  Gabriel 272 

Moore,  Sydenham  E 273 

Murphy,  John 282 

< ) wen,  G eorge  W 202 

Payne,  Winter  W 297 

Phillips,  Philip 303 

Pickens,  Israel  (see  North  Carolina) 304 

Pugh,  James  L 314 

Shields,  Benjamin  G 345 

Shorter,  Mi  S 345 

Smith,  William  11 354 

Stallworth,  James  A 359 

Walker,  John  W 398 

Walker,  Percy  399 

White,  Alexander 411 

Yancey,  William  L 428 

Arkansas. 

Ashley,  Chester • 21 

Bates,  James  W 31 

Borland,  Solon 44 

Comvay,  Henry  W 92 

Cross,  Edward 100 

Fulton,  WilliamS 148 

Greenwood,  A.  B 161 

Hindman,  Thomas  C 188 

Johnson,  Robert  W 212 

Mitchell,  Charles  B 270 

N  ewton,  Thomas  W 285 

Hust,  Albert 333 

Sebastian,  W.  K 338 

Sevier,  Ambrose  H 340 

Warren,  Kdward  A 403 

Yell,  Archibald 429 


California. 

Axtell,  Samuel  B 2'i 

Bid  well,  John us 

Broderick,  David  C 5j 

Birch,  John  Chilton (io 

Cole,  Cornelius 8i> 

Connes,  John y:> 

Denver,  James  W ll:s 

Fremont,  John  Charles HO 

Gilbert,  Edward 153 

Gwin,  William  M i<>5 

Haun,  II.  P 178 

Herbert,  Philip  T 180 

Higby,  William, 180 

Johnson,  James  A 210 

Latham,  Milton  S 22<J 

Low,  Frederick  F 243 

Marshall,  Edward  C 25'J 

McCorkle,  Joseph  W 249 

McDougall,  James  A 250 

McKibbin,  Joseph  C 2ov! 

Mcltuer,  Donald  C 255 

Phelps,  Timothy  G 303 

Sargent,  Attron  A 335 

Scott,  Charles  L 337 

Shannon,  Thomas  B 342 

Weller,  John  B.  (see  Ohio) 408 

Wright,  George  II 420 

Connecticut. 

Adams,  Andrew 9 

Allen,  John 13 

Arnold,  Samuel 20 

Baldwin,  John -. 25 

Baldwin,  Koger  Sherman 20 

Baldwin,  Simeon 20 

Barber,  Noyes 27 

Barnura,  William  H 28 

Belcher,  Nathan 34 

Ik-tts,  Thaddeus 37 

Bishop,  William  D 40 

Boardmau,  I'lijuli 43 

Boardman,  William  W 43 

Booth,  Walter 44 

Brace,  J  onathan 48 

Brandegee,  Augustus 50 

Brock  way,  John  H 62 

Burnham,  Alfred  A 62 

Burrows,  Daniel 63 

Butler,  Thomas  B. 64 

Catlin,  George  S 74 

Champion,  Epaphroditus 75 

Chapman,  Charles ;>> 

Clark,  Ezra,  Jr 81 

Cleveland,  Chauncey  F 85 

Coit,  Joshua , 80 

Cooke,Joseph  P 1)3 

Daggett,  David 103 

Dana,  Samuel  W 105 

Davenport,  James 100 

Davenport,  J  ohn 107 

Dean,  Sidney Ill 

Deane,  Silas Ill 

Deming,  Henry  C 113 

Dixon,  James 117 

Dyer,  Eliphalet l,'l 

Dwight,  Theodore 123 

Edmond,  William !.'."> 

Edwards,  Henry  W 120 

Edwards,  Pierpont 120 

Ellsworth,  Oliver 128 

599 


600 


INDEX. 


Ellsworth,  William  W 129 

English,  Jaraes  K 130 

Ferry,  Orris  S 130 

Foot,  .Samuel HI 

Foster,  LaFayette  S 143 

Fowler,  Oriu 144 

<iilbert,  Sylvester, l.j.'J 

Gillette,  Francis 154 

Goddard,  Calvin 155 

Goodrich,  Chauncey 157 

Goodrich,  Eli/ur 157 

Griswold,  Roger 103 

Jlaley,  Elislia 10(5 

Llillliouse,  .lames 187 

liillhouse,  William 188 

H olmes,  Uriel 1  >J2 

Holt,  Orrin 192 

11  oil  en,  .Samuel 192 

Hosmer,  Titus   194 

Hotclikisa,  Julius 195 

Hubbard,  John  11 198 

Hubbanl,  II.  D 193 

Ilubbard,  Samuel  Dickinson  198 

lluntingtou,  Benjamin 20 1 

}!untington,  Ebenezer 20.' 

llunrington,  Jabez  W 20,: 

lltimington,  Samuel 202 

Ingersoll,  Collcn  M 203 

Ingersoll,  Kalpli  J 204 

Ingiiam,  Samuel 204 

Jackson,  Ebenezer,  Jr 200 

Johnson,  William  S 212 

Judson,  Andrew  T 215 

Lanman,  James 2'JS 

Law,  l.yiiiiin 230 

Law,  Kichard 230 

Learned,  Amasa 233 

Loom  is,  Dwight 24* 

Mervin ,  Orange 200 

Jliner,  I'hineas 270 

Mitchell,  Stephen  M 271 

Niles,  John  M 28<> 

•  isbornc,  Thomas  B 291 

I'orkins,  Klias :!00 

Phelps,  Elisha 302 

Phelps,  Launcelot 303 

IMtkiu,  Timothy 307 

riant,  David .'!07 

Pratt,  J  ames  T 312 

Rockwell,  John  A 327 

Koot,  Jesse 329 

ICusa,  .loll 


Seymour,  <  )rigen  S 341 

Seymour,  Thomas  H 341 

Sherman,  Koger 344 

Sherwood,  Samuel  B 245 

Simons,  Samuel 347 

Smith,  J ohn  Cotton 352 

Smith  Nathan 352 

Smith,  Nathaniel 352 

Smith,  Perry 353 

Smith,  Truman 354 

Spencer,  Joseph 358 

Starkweather,  II.  H 300 

Sterling,  A  nsel 302 

Stevens,  James 303 

Stewart,  John 304 

Stoddard,  Ebenezer 300 

Storrs,  William  L 307 

Sturgis,  Jonathan 370 

Sturgis,  Lewis  Burr 370 

Strong,  Jedediah 308 

Swift,  Zephaniah 372 

Tallmadge,  Benjamin 373 

Terry,  Nathaniel 377 

Tomlinson,  Gideon 3*3 

Toucey,  Isaac 384 

Tracy,  Uriah 385 

Treadwell,  John 385 

Trumbull,  Jonathan 387 

Trumbull,  Joseph 387 

Trumbull,  Joseph 387 

Tweedy,  Samuel 389 

Wads  worth,  James 390 

Wads  worth,  Jeremiah 397 

Waldo,  Lorin  1' 398 

Warner,  Samuel  L 402 

Welch,  William  W 407 

Whitman,  Lemuel 412 

Whittlcsey,  Thomas  T 413 

Wiklman,  Zalmon 414 

Willey,  Calvin 415 

Williams,  Thomas  Scott 417 


Williams,  Thomas  W  ..........................  417 

Williams,  William  .............................  417 

Wolcott,  Oliver  ................................  423 

Woodruff,  G  eorge  C  ............................  4^4 

AVoodruff,  John  ................................  424 

Young,  Ebeiiezer  ..............................  421) 


Basset,  Kichard  ................................    30 

Bates,  Martin  W  ...............................    31 

Bayard,  James  A  ..............................     31 

Bayard,  Jamej  A  ..............................     31 

Bayard,  Kichtird  II  .............................     31 

Bedford,  Gunning  .............................     33 

Broome,  James  M  ..............................    54 

Clayton,  John  M  ...............................    84 

Clayton,  Joshua  ...............................    85 

Clayton,  Thomas  ..............................    85 

Coiiiegys,  Joseph  1'  .....................  ..  ......     91 

Cooper,  Thomas  ...............................     94 

Cullen,  KlishaD  ...............................  101 

Dickinson,  John  ...............................  115 

Evans,  John  ...................................  131 

Fisher,  George  I'  ..............................  138 

Hall,  Willard  ..................................  107 

Horsey,  Outerbridge  ...........................  194 

Houston,  John  W  ..............................  195 

Johns,  Kensey  .................................  20!) 

Kearney,  Dyre  .................................  210 

Lattimer,  Henry  ...............................  229 

McComb,  Eleazer  ..............................  249 

McKean,  Thomas  ..............................  252 

J!  illigan,  John  J  ...............................  200 

Jlitchfll,  Nathaniel  ............................  271 

Naudain,  Arnold  ..............................  283 

N  icholson,  J  ohn  A  .............................  280 

Patton,  John  ..................................  297 

1'eery,  William  ................................  298 

Kead,  George  ..................................  318 

Kiddle,  George  Kead  ...........................  323 

Kidgeley,  Henry  AI  .............................  323 

Kobinson  ,  Thomas  .............................  327 

Kodney,  Caesar  ................................  328 

Kodney,  Caesar  A  ..............................  328 

Kodney,  Daniel,  ...............................  3-8 

Kodney,  George  B  .............................  328 

Kodney,  Thomas  ..............................  3^8 

Saulsbury,  Willard  .........................  :.  .  335 

Smithers,  Nathaniel  B  .........................  355 

Spruance,  Persley  .............................  359 

Sykes,  James. 


372 
'I  emple,  William  ..............................  370 

Tilton,  James  ..................................  382 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas  ...........................  392 

Van  Dvke,  Nicholas  ...........................  392 

Vining,  John  ..................................  390 

Wales,  John  ...................................  398 

Wells,  William  H  ..............................  408 

Wharton,  Samuel  ............................  409 

White,  Samuel  ................................  4  12 

Whiteley,  William  G  ..........................  412 


Brockenbrough,  William  II  ....................    52 

Cabell,  Edward  C  ..............................    05 

Call,  Kichard  K  ................................    67 

Downing,  Charles  .............................  120 

Hawkins,  George  S  ...........................  179 

Hernandez,  Joseph  M  ........................  184 

Mallory,  Stephen  K  ............................  250 

Maxwell,  Augustus  E  ..........................  203 

Morton,  Jackson  ..............................  279 

Wescott,  James  D  .............................  409 

White,  Joseph  M  ..............................  412 

Yulee,  David  L  ................................  430 

Georgia. 

Abbott,  Joel  ...................................  9 

Alford,  Julius  C  ...............................  12 

Bailey.David  J  ............  i  ...................  24 

Baldwin,  Abraham  ............................  25 

Barnett,  William  ..............................  28 

Berrien,  John  McP  ............................  30 

Bibb,  William  W  ..............................  3? 

Black,  Edward  J  ...............................  40 

Brownson,  Nathan  ............................  57 

Bryan,  Joseph  .................................  50 

Bullock,  Archibald  ............................  00 

Bulloch,  William  B  ............................  70 

Carey,  George  .................................  70 


INDEX. 


G01 


Carncs.  Thomas  r 70 

Chappell,  A.  H 77 

Carnon,  Robert  M 

Chastain,  Edward  VV 

Clay,  Joseph -.. 

Clayton,  Augustiu  S 

Cleveland,  J.  F 85 

Clinch    Duncan  L 80 

Cobb,  Howell 87 

Cobb,  ITowell 87 

Cobb,  Thomas  W 88 

Coffe,  .John 

Colquitt,  Alfred  H 90 

Colquitt,  W.T 00 

Cook,  Zadock   03 

Copoer,  Mark  A 94 

Crawford,  George  W 98 

Crawford,  Joel  98 

Crawford,  Martin  J 08 

Crawford,  William  H 08 

Cnthbhet,  Alfred  102 

Cuthbcrt,  John  A 103 

Dawson,  William  C 110 

Dent,  William  B.  W 113 

Early,  Peter  124 

Elliot,   .John 128 

Tew,  William 137 

Floyd,  John 140 

Forsyth,  John 142 

Fort,  Tomlinson 142 

Foster,  Nathaniel  G 144 

Foster,  Thomas  F 144 

Gamble,  Roger  L 149 

Gartrell,  Lucius  J 150 

Gibbons,  William 152 

Gilmer,  George  H 154 

Glascock,  Thomas 155 

Grantland,  Seaton 159 

Gmm,  James 104 

Gwinnctt,  Unit  on 105 

Habersham,  Joseph 105 

llabersham,  Richard  W 105 

Hackett,  Thomas  C 1C5 

Hall,  Boiling 10(5 

Hall.Lyman 167 

Hammond,  Samuel 170 

J I ;n-:i I.-"',!.  Hugh  A 172 

Hanleman,  Thomas,  Jr 172 

Hayne-i,  Charles  E 180 

Hill,  Joshua , 187 

Hillyer,  Junius 188 

Houston,  John 195 

Houston,  William 195 

Holsey,  Hopkins 192 

Howley,  Uichard 107 

Jverson,  Alfred 205 

Jackson,  Jabez 200 

Jackson,  James 20"> 

Jackson,  James 200 

Jackson,  Joseph  W 200 

Johnson,  Herschell  V 210 

Johnson,  James 210 

Jones,  George 213 

J  ones,  J  ames 213 

Jones,  John  J 214 

Jones,  John  W 214 

Jones,  Noble  Wimberly :  214 

Jones,  Seaborn 214 

King,  John  P 222 

King,  T.  Butler 223 

Lamar,  Henry  G 227 

Langwortliy ,  Edward 228 

Love,  Peter  E 243 

Lumpkin,  John  H 244 

Lumpkin,  Wilson 244 

Mathews,  George 202 

Head,  Cowles 204 

Meriwether,  David 200 

Meriwether,  I.  A 200 

Meriwether,  James 200 

Milledge,  John , 208 

Millen,  John 268 

Murphy,  Charles 282 

Newman,  Daniel 285 

Nisbet,  E.  A 286 

Owen,  Allen  F 292 

Owens,  George  W 292 

Pierce,  W 305 

Prince,  Oliver  H 312 

Reese,  David  A 320 

Reid,  Robert  K 320 

Schely,  William 330 


Seward,  James  L 341 

Smelt,  Dennis 349 

Spaulding,  Thomas 350 

Stephens,  Alexander  H 3iV4 

Stiles,  William  H 301 

Tait,  Charles 372 

Taliaferro,  Benjamin 373 

Tatnall,  Edward  F 374 

Tatnall,  Josiah 374 

Telfair,  Edward w  370 

Telfair,  Thomas 370 

Terrill,  William 377 

Thompson,  Wiley 381 

Toombs,  Robert 384 

Towns,  George  W 384 

Trippe,  Robert  P 380 

Troup,  George  M 380 

Underwood,  John  W.  H 389 

Walker,  Freeman 398 

Walker,  John 398 

Walton,  George 401 

Ware,  Nicholas 402 

Warner,  H  iram 402 

Warren,  Lott 403 

Wayne,  Anthony 405 

Wayne,  James  M 405 

Wellborn,  M.  J 408 

Wilde,  Richard  Henry 414 

Willis,  Francis 418 

Wood,  Joseph 423 

Wright,  Augustus  B , 426 

Zubly,  John  Joachim 130 

Illinois. 

Allen.  James  C 13 

Allen,  William  J 14 

Allen,  Willis 14 

A  mold,  Isaac  N 20 

Baker,  David  J 24 

Baker,  Edward  D 24 

Baker,  Jehu 25 

Bissell,  William  H 40 

Bond,  Shadrack 44 

Breese,  Sidney 51 

Bromwell,  Henry  P.  H 53 

Browning,  Orville  H 67 

Hurr,  Albert  G 63 

Campbell,  Thompson C9 

Casey,  /adoc 72 

Cook,  Burton  C 03 

Cook,  Daniel  P 93 

Cullom,  Shelbey  M 101 

Douglas,  Stephen  A 110 

Duncan,  Joseph 122 

Eden,  John  R 125 

Edwards,  Ninian 126 

Ewing,  William  L.D 133 

Farnsworth,  John  F 134 

Ficklin,  Orlando  B 137 

Fouke,  Philip  B 144 

Hardin,  John  J 172 

Harding,  Abner  C 172 

Harris,  Charles  M 174 

Harris,  Thomas  L ,  175 

Hodges,  Charles  D 189 

Hoge,  Joseph  P 190 

Ingersoll,  Ebon  C 203 

J  iid;l,  Norman  B 215 

Kane,  EliasK 216 

Kellogg,  William 217 

Knapp,  Anthony  L 224 

Knox,  James  225 

Kuykendall,  Andrew  J 226 

Lincoln,  Abraham 237 

Logan,  John  A 241 

Lovejoy,  Owen 243 

Marshall,  Samuel  S 259 

May,  William  L 264 

McClernard,  John  A 248 

McLean,  John 253 

Me  Roberts,  Samuel 255 

Moloney,  Richard  S 271 

Morris ,  Isaac  N 277 

Morrison,  J.  L.  D 278 

Morrison,  William  R 278 

Moulton,  Samuel  W 180 

Vorton,  Jesse  0 288 

Pope,  Nathaniel 309 

Raum,  Green  B 318 

Reynolds,  John 321 

Richardson,  William  A 323 


602 


INDEX. 


Robinson,  James  C 320 

Robinson,  John  M 327 

Ross,  Lewis  W 330 

Semple,  James 330 

Shaw,  Aaron 342 

Shields,  James 345 

Smith,  Robert 353 

Stephenson,  Benjamin 302 

Stewart,  J  ohti  T 370 

Thomas,  Jesse  B.  (see  Indiana) 379 

Thornton,  Anthony 381 

Trumbull,  Lyman 387 

Turner,  Thomas  J 388 

Washburne,  Elihu  B 404 

Wentworth,  John 408 

Wood  worth,  James  II 425 

Yates,  Richard 428 

Young,  Richard  M 429 

Young,  Timothy  R 429 

Indiana,. 

Albertson,  Nathaniel 11 

Barbour,  Lucien 27 

Blake,  Thomas  H 42 

Boon,  Ratliff 44 

Brenton,  Samuel 51 

Bright,  Jesse  D 62 

Brown,  William  J 58 

Call,  Jacob 07 

Carr,  John 71 

Case,  Charles 72 

Cathcart,  Charles  W 74 

Chamberlain,  Ebenezer  M 74 

Coburn,  John 88 

Colfax,  Schuyler 90 

Cravens,  James  A 98 

Cravens,  James  H 98 

Cumback,  William 101 

Davis,  John  G 108 

Davis,  John  W 108 

Defrees,  Joseph  H 112 

Dumont,  Ebenezer 121 

Dunham,  Cyrus  L 122 

Dunn,  GeorgeG 122 

Dunn,  George  H '. ...  122 

Dunn,  William  McKee 122 

Eddy,  Norman 124 

Edgerton,  Joseph  Ketcham 125 

Embree,  Elisha 130 

English,  William  H 130 

Ewing,  John 133 

Farquhar,  John  H 134 

Fitch,  G.  N 139 

Foley,  James  B 141 

Gorman,  Willis  A ". 158 

Graham,  William 158 

Gregg,  James  M 161 

Hanna,  Robert 171 

Hannegan,  Edward  A 171 

Harlan,  Andrew  J 173 

Harrington,  Henry  W 174 

Hendricks,  Thomas  A 183 

Hendricks,  William 183 

Henly,  Thomas  J 183 

Herod,  William 184 

Hill,  Ralph 187 

Holloway,  David  P 191 

Holman,  William  S 191 

Howard,  Tilghman  A 196 

Hughes,  James 199 

Hunter,  Morton  C 201 

Jennings,  Jonathan 209 

Julian,  George  W 215 

Kennedy,  Andrew 218 

Kerr,  Michael  C 220 

Kilgore,  David 221 

Kinnard,  George  L, 223 

Lane,  A  mos 227 

Lane,  Henry  S 227 

Lane,  James  H '. 227 

Law,  John 230 

Lockhart,  James 241 

Mace,  Daniel 246 

McCarty,  Jonathan 248 

McDonald,  Joseph  E 250 

McDowell,  James  Foster 250 

McGaughey,  Edward  W 250 

Miller,  Smith 209 

Mitchell,  William 271 

Morton,  Oliver  P 279 

Niblack,  William  E 285 


Noble,  James 287 

Orth,  Godlove  S 2'.)1 

Owen,  Robert  Dale 2Cf* 

1'arke,  Benjamin 29* 

Parker,  Samuel  W 295 

Pettit,  John 301 

Pett.it,  John  U liOl 

Porter,  Albert  G SOS) 

Prince,  William  313 

Promt,  George  H 313 

Rariden,  James 318 

Robinson,  John  L. 3~<> 

Rockhill,  William 327 

Sample,  Samuel  C 334 

Scott,  Harvey  D 337 

Shanks,  John  P.  C 342 

Slade,  Charles 318 

Smith,  Caleb  B 350 

Smith,  Oliver  Hampton ?.53 

Smith,  Thomas 353 

Snyder,  Adam  W 355 

Stilwell,  Thomas  N 305 

Taylor,  Waller 37(5 

Test,  .John 377 

Thomas,  Jesse  B.,  (see  Illinois) 379 

Thompson,  Richard  W 380 

Tipton,  John 383 

Turpie,  D 388 

Voorhees,  Daniel  W 39(5 

AVallace,  Dav  id 400 

Washburn,  Henry  D 403 

White,  Albert  S 410 

Whitcomb,  James 410 

Wick,  Willinm  W 413 

Williams,  William 418 

Wilson,  James 41!) 

Wright,  Joseph  A 427 

Iowa. 

Allison,  William  B 14 

Chapman,  William  W 70 

Clark,  Lincoln  81 

Cook,  JohnP 93 

Curtis,  Samuel  R 102 

Davis,  Timothy 107 

Dodge,  Augustus  C 113 

Dodge,  Grenville  M 118 

Grimes,  James  W 102 

Grinnell,  JosiahB 102 

Hall,  Augustus 100 

Harlan,  James 173 

Hastings,  Samuel  Clinton, 178 

Henn,  Uernhart 1»3 

Hubbard,  Asahel  W 197 

Jones,  George  W.  (see  Michigan) 213 

Kasson,  John  A 21(5 

Kirkwood,  Samuel  J 224 

Leffler,  Shepherd 235 

Loughridge,  William 242 

Miller,  Daniel  F 208 

Price,  H  iram 313 

Thompson,  William 381 

Thorington,  James 381 

Vandever,  William 392 

Wilson,  James  F 420 

Kansas. 

Clarke,  Sidney 82 

Conway,  Martin  F 92 

Lane,  James  H 2L7 

Parrott,  Marcus  J 29(5 

Pomeroy,  Samuel  C 309 

Ross,  E.  G 329 

Whitefleld,  J.  W 412 

Kentucky. 

Adair,  John 9 

Adams,  George  M 10 

Adams,  Green 10 

Allen,  Chilton 12 

Anderson,  Lucien 10 

Anderson,  Richard  C.,  Jr., 1(5 

Anderson,  Simeon  H 1(5 

Anderson,  William  C 17 

Andrews,  Landaff  W 17 

Barry,  William  T 29 

Beatty,  Martin 33 

Beck,  James  B 34 

Bedinger,  George  M 33 


INDEX. 


603 


Bell,  Joshua  F 34 

Bibb,  George  M 37 

Bledsoe,  Jesse 42 

Boyd,  Linn 47 

Boyle,  John 48 

Breck,  Daniel 50 

Breckinridge,  James  I) 50 

Breckinridge,  John 60 

Breckinridge,  John  C 50 

Bristow,  Francis  M 52 

Brown,  John 60 

Brown,  John  Young 60 

Brown,  William 50 

Buckner,  Aylett 69 

Buckner,  Richard  A 69 

Bullock,  Wingfield 60 

Burnett,  Henry  C 62 

Butler,  William  0 65 

Caldwell,  George  A 66 

Calhoun,  John 66 

Campbell,  John 69 

Campbell,  John  P 69 

Casey,  Samuel  L 72 

Chambers,  John 75 

Chilton,  Thomas 79 

Chrtanan.  James  S 79 

Christie,  Henry 79 

Clark,  L.  Bererly 82 

Clark,  James 81 

Clay,  Brutus  J 83 

Clay,  Henry 83 

Clay,  James  B 84 

Coleman,  Nicholas  D 90 

Cox,  Leander  M 90 

Crittendcn,  John  J 99 

Daniel,  Henry 105 

Davis,  Amos 107 

Davis,  Garret 107 

Davis,  Thomas  T 109 

Desha,  Joseph 114 

Dixon,  Archibald 117 

Duncan,  Garnett 122 

Dunlap,  George  W 122 

Duval,  William  P 123 

Edwards,  John 126 

Elliott,  John  M 128 

Ewing,  Presley 133 

Fletcher,  Thomas 140 

Fowler,  John 144 

French,  Richard 147 

Gaines,  John  P : 148 

Gaither,  Nathan 148 

Golladay,  Jacobs.  S 156 

Graves,  William  J 159 

Green,  Willis 100 

Greenup,  Christopher 160 

Grey,  Benjamin  E 161 

Grider,  Henry 161 

Grover,  A  sa  P 163 

Guthric,  James 104 

Hardin,  Benjamin 172 

liardin,  Martin  D 172 

Harding,  Aaron 172 

Harlan,  James 173 

Hawes,  Albert  C 179 

Hawes,  Itichard 179 

Hawkins,  Joseph  W 179 

Henry,  John  F 183 

Henry,  Robert  P 184 

Hill,  Clement  S 180 

Hise,  Elijah 188 

Hopkins,  Samuel 193 

Howard,  Benjamin 196 

Jackson,  James  S 200 

Jewett,  Joshua  H 209 

Johnson,  Francis 210 

Johnson,  James 210 

Johnson,  James  L 211 

Johnson,  John  T 211 

Johnson,  Richard  H 211 

Jones,  Thomas  Laurens 214 

Kincaid,  John 221 

Knott,  J.  Proctor 225 

Lecompte,  Joseph 233 

Letcher,  Robert  P 237 

Logan,  William 241 

Love,  James 243 

Lyon,  Cuittenden 240 

Lyon,  Matthew  (see  Vermont) 240 

Mallory,  Kobert 250 

Marshall,  Alexander  K 258 

Marshall,  Humphrey 259 


Marshall,  Humphrey 259 

Marshall,  Thomas  A 259 

Marshall,  Thomas  F 260 

Martin,  John  P 260 

Mason,  John  C 262 

McCreary,  Thomas  C 249 

McDowell,  Joseph  1 250 

McHadden,  Robert 250 

McHenry,  John  H 251 

McKee ,  "Samuel 252 

McKee,  Samuel 252 

McLean,  Alney 253 

McLean,  Finis  E 253 

Menifee,  Kichard  H 265 

Menzies,  John  W .265 

Meriwether,  David 266 

Metcalf,  Thomas  266 

Montgomery,  Thomas 272 

Moore,  Laban  T , 273 

Moore,  Thomas  P 273 

Moorehead,  Charles  S 274 

Moorehead.  James  T 274 

Murray,  John  L 282 

New,  Anthony 284 

Ormsby,  Stephen 290 

Orr,  Alexander  D 201 

Owsley,  Bryan  Y 292 

Peyton,  Samuel  0 302 

Pope,  John 309 

Pope,  Patrick  H 309 

Powell,  Lazarus  W 3H 

Preston,  William 312 

Quarles,  Tunstall 315 

Kandall,  William  H 316 

Ritter,  Burwell  C 324 

Kobertson,  George 326 

Rousseau,  Lovell  H 330 

Rowan,  John 331 

Rumsey,  Edward 331 

Sanford,  Thomas 334 

Sharp,  Solomon  P 342 

Shanklin,  George  S 341 

Simms,  William  E 347 

Smith,  Green  Clay 350 

Smith,  John  Speed 352 

Southgate,  William  W 356 

Speed,  Thomas 357 

Sprigg,  J ai  nes  C 359 

Stanton,  Richard  H 300 

Stevenson,  John  W 363 

Stone.James 360 

Stone,  James  W 360 

Swoope,  Samuel  F 372 

Talbott,  Albert  G 373 

Talbot,  Isham '. .  373 

Taul,  Micah 374 

Thomasson,  William  P 379 

Thompson,  John  B 380 

Thompson,  Philip 380 

Thurston,  Buckuer 3S1 

Thurston  John  U 382 

Tibbatts,  John  W 382 

Tompkins,  Christopher 383 

Trimble,  David 386 

Trimble,  Lawrence  S 386 

Triplett,  Philip 386 

Trumbo,  Andrew 387 

Underwood,  Joseph  R 390 

Underwood,  Warner  L 390 

Wadsworth,  William  H 397 

Walker,  David 398 

Walker,  George 398 

Walton,  Matthew 401 

Ward,  A.  H 401 

Ward,  \VilliamT 403 

White,  Addison 410 

White,  David 411 

White,  John    411 

Wicklifle,  Charles  A ..-..  413 

Williams,  Sheirod 417 

Woodson,  Samuel  H 425 

Yancy,  J  oel 428 

Yeaman,  George  H 429 

Young,  Bryan  R 429 

Young,  John  D 429 

Young,  William  S 430 

Louisiana. 

Barrow,  Alexander 29 

Benjamin,  Judah  P 35 

Bossier,  Peter  E 45 


604 


INDEX. 


Bouligney,  Dominique 45 

Bouligney,  John  Edmond 45 

Brent,  William  L 61 

Brown,  James 55 

Bullard,  Henry  Adams 59 

Butler,  Thomas 04 

Chinn,  Thomas  W 79 

Claiborne,  William  C.  C.  (see  Tennessee) 80 

Clarke,  Daniel 61 

Conrad,  Charles  M 92 

Davidson,  Thomas  G 107 

Davis,  Samuel  B 108 

Dawspn,  John  B 110 

Destrthan,  John  Noel ]14 

Downs,  Solomon  W 120 

Dunbar,  William 121 

Eustis,  George,  Jr. 131 

Flanders,  Benjamin  F 140 

Fromentin,  Eligius 147 

Garland,  Kice 150 

Gayarre,  Charles  E.  A 151 

Gurley.Henry  H 104 

Hahn,  Michael 105 

Harmanson,  John  H 173 

Hunt,  Theodore  G 201 

Johnson,  Henry 210 

Johnston,  Josiah  S 212 

Jones,  Roland 211 

Kelly,  William 218 

Labranch,  Alcea 226 

Landrum,  John  Al 227 

Landry,  J.  Aristide 227 

La  Sere,  Emile 229 

Magruder,  Allan  B 255 

Moore,  John 273 

Morse,  Isaac  Edwards 279 

Moulon,  Alexander 280 

Nicholas,  K.  C 285 

Overton,  Walter  H 292 

Penn,  Alexander  G 299 

Perkins,  John,  Jr 300 

Porter,  Alexander 309 

Posey,  Thomas 310 

Poydras,  Julian 311 

Kipley,  Eleazar  W 324 

Robertson  Thomas  B 326 

Sandidge,  JolmM 334 

Slidell,  John 348 

Smith,  JohnB 352 

Soule,  Pierre 355 

St.  Martin,  Louis 305 

Taylor,  Miles 375 

Thibodeaux,  B.  G 378 

Thomas,  Philemon 379 

Waggamann,  George  A 397 

White,  Edward  D 411 

IVIalixe. 

Abbott,  Nehemiah 9 

Allen,  ElishaH 14 

Anderson,  Hugh  H 16 

Anderson,  John 10 

Andrews,  Charles 17 

Appleton,  John 18 

Bailey,  Jeremiah 24 

Bates,  James 31 

Belcher,  Hiram  34 

Benson,  Samuel  P 30 

Blaine,  James  G 41 

Bradbury,  J ames  W 48 

Bronson,  David 53 

Burleigh,  William Gl 

But  11  ia ii .  Samuel 05 

Carter,  Timothy  J 72 

Car y,  Shepard 72 

Chandler,  John 75 

Cilley,  Jonathan 80 

Clapp,  Asa  W.  H 80 

Clark,  Franklin 81 

Clifford,  Nathan 85 

Coburn,  Stephen 88 

Cushinun,  Joshua  (see  Massachusetts) 102 

Dana,  Judah 105 

Dane,  Joseph 105 

Davee,  Thomas 106 

Dunlap,  Kobert  P 122 

Evans,  George 131 

Fairiield,  John 133 

Farley.  E.  Wilder 133 

Farwell,  Nathan  A 134 

Fessenden,  Samuel  C 130 


Fessenden,  T.  A.  D  ............................  136 

Fessenden,  William  Pitt  ......................  136 

Foster,  Stephen  C  .............................  144 

French,  Ezra  B  ................................  147 

Fuller,  Thomas  J.  D  ...........................  147 

Gerry,  Elbridge  ................................  152 

Oilman,  Charles  J  .............................  154 

Goodenow,  Robert  ............................  156 

Goodenow,  Rulus  K  ...........................  158 

Goodwin,  John.  N.  (see  Arizona  Territory)  ____  157 

Hall,  Joseph  ...................................  107 

Hamlin,  Hannibal  .............................  109 

Hammons,  David  ..............................  170 

Harris,  Mark  ..................................  175 

Herrick,  Kbenezer  .............................  185 

Herrick,  Joshua  ...............................  185 

Hill,   Mark  L.  (see  Massachusetts)  ............  187 

Holland,  Cornelius  ............................  191 

Holmes,  John  .................................  192 

Jarvis,  Leonard  ...............................  207 

Kavanagh,  Edward  ............................  216 

Kidder,  David  .................................  220 

Knowlton,  Ebenezer  ...........................  225 

Littlelield,  Nathaniel  S  ........................  239 

Longi'ellow,  Stephen  ..........................  242 

Lowell,  Joshua  A  ..............................  244 

Lynch,  John  ...................................  245 

Marshall,  Alfred  ...............................  259 

Maspn,  Moses  ..................................  262 

Mayall,  Samuel  ................................  264 

McCrate.  John  D  ..............................  249 

McDonald,  Moses  ..............................  246 

Mclntire,  Rufus  ...............................  251 

Moore,  Wyman  B.  S  ...........................  272 

Morrill,  Anson  P  ..............................  276 

Morrill,  Lot  M  .................................  276 

Morse,  Freeman  H  ............................  278 

Nourse,  Amos  .................................  288 

Noyes,  Joseph  C  ...............................  288 

O'Brien,  Jeremiah  .............................  289 

Otis,  John  .....................................  292 

Parker,  Isaac  ..................................  295 

Parks,  Gorham  ................................  296 

Paris,  Albion  K  ...............................  296 

Parris,  Virgil  D  ................................  296 

Perham,  Sidney  ...............................  300 

Perry,  John  J  ..................................  300 

Peters,JohnA  ................................  301 

Pike,  Frederick  A  .............................  305 

Randall,  Benjamin  ............................  316 

Reed,  Isaac  ....................................  319 

Rice,  John  H  ..................................  322 

Ripley,  James  W  ..............................  324 

Robinson,  Edward  ............................  326 

Ruggles,  John  .................................  331 

Sawtelle,  <  'alien  ...............................  335 

Scammon,  John  F  .............................  336 

Severance,  Luther  .............................  340 

Shepley,  Ether  ................................  344 

Smart,  Ephraim  K  .............................  349 

Smith,  Albert  .................................  349 

Smith,  F.  O.  J  .................................  350 

Somes,  Daniel  E  ...............................  355 

Sprague,  Peleg  ................................  358 

Stetson,  Charles  ...............................  362 

Sweat,  Lorenzo  D.  M  ..........................  371 

Walton,  Charles  W  ...........  ...............  400 

Washburn,  Israel,  Jr  ..........................  403 

White,  Benjamin...  ,  ..........................  411 

Whitman,  Ezekiel  (see  Massachusetts)  .......  412 

Wiley,  James  S  ................................  414 

Williams,  Hezekiah  ...........................  416 

Williams,  Reuel  ...............................  417 

Willamson,  William  D  .........................  418 

Wingate,  Joseph  F  ............................  421 

Wood,  John  M.  ...............................  423 


Alexander,  Robert  ............................  12 

Archer,  John  ..................................  18 

Archer,  Stevenson  ................  .  ............  18 

Archer,  Stevenson  .......................  .  .....  18 

Baer,  George  ..................................  24 

Barney,  John  ..................................  28 

Bayley,  Thomas  .................  ,  .............  32 

Bowie,  Richard  1  ..............................  46 

Bowie,  Thomas  F  ..............................  46 

Bowie,  Walter  .................................  47 

Brengle,  Francis  ..............................  51 

Brown,  Elias  ..................................  55 

Brown,  John  ..................................  56 


INDEX. 


C05 


Calvert,  Charles  B 67 

Campbell,  John 08 

Carmichael,  Richard  B 70 

Carmichael,  William 70 

Carroll,  Charles,  of  Carrollton 71 

Carroll,  Daniel 71 

Carroll,  James 71 

Causin,  John  M.  S 71 

Chambers,  Ezekiel  F 75 

Chapman,  John  (i 76 

Chase,  Jeremiah  T 77 

Chase,  Samuel 77 

Christie,  Gabriel 79 

Constable,  Albert 92 

Coutee,  Benjamin 92 

Cot  man,  Joseph  8 95 

Covington,  Leonard 95 

Crabb,  Jeremiah 96 

Craik,  William 97 

Cresswell,  John  A.  J 97 

Crislield,  John  W 99 

Culbreth,  Thomas 100 

Davis,  H.  Winter 107 

Dennis,  John 113 

Dennis,  Littleton  P 113 

Dent,  George 1 13 

Dorse v,  Clement 119 

Duvall,  Gabriel 123 

Edwards,  Benjamin 125 

Evans,  Alexander 131 

Forbes,  James 142 

Forrest,  Uriah 142 

Franklin,  John  R 145 

Gale,  George 148 

Gale,  Levin 148 

Giles,  William  E 153 

Goldsborough,  Charles  W 156 

Goldsborough,  Robert 156 

Hall,  John 167 

Hamilton,  William  T 169 

Hammond,  Edward 170 

Hanson,  Alexander  Contee. 171 

Hanson,  John 172 

Harper,  Robert  G 174 

Harris,  Benjamin  G 174 

Harris,  J.  Morrison 175 

Harrison,  William 170 

Heath,  James  P 181 

Hemsley,  William 182 

Henry,  John 183 

Herbert,  John  C 184 

Hey  ward,  William,  Jr 185 

Hicks,  Thomas  H 186 

Hillen  Solomon,  Jr 187 

Hindman,  William 188 

Hoflman,  Henry  W 189 

Howard,  Benjamin  C 19)5 

Howard,  John  Eager 196 

Hughes,  George  W « 199 

Jennifer,  Daniel 208 

Jennifer,  D.,  of  St.  Thomas 208 

Johnson,  lleverdy 211 

Johnson,  Thomas 212 

Johnson,  William  Cost 212 

Jones,  Isaac  D 213 

Kennedy,  Anthony 218 

Kennedy,  John  I' 218 

Kent,  Joseph 219 

K err,  John  Bozman 219 

Kerr,  John  L 220 

Key,  Philip 220 

Key,  Philip  Barton 220 

Kunkel,  Jacob  M 226 

Leary,  Cornelius  L.  L 233 

Lee,  John 234 

Lee,  Thomas  Sim 235 

Ligon,  Thomas  W 237 

Little,  Peter 239 

Lloyd,  Edward 240 

Lloyd,  James 240 

Long,  Edward  H 242 

Magruder,  Patrick 256 

Martin,  Luther 260 

Martin,  Kobert  N 261 

Mason,  John  Thomas 262 

Matthews  William 263 

May,  Henry 264 

McCreary,  William 249 

McCullough,  Hiram 249 

McHenry,  James 250 

McKim,  Alexander 252 

McKim,  Isaac 252 


McLane,  Louis  ................................  253 

McLane,  Kobert  M  ............................  253 

Mercer,  John  F  ................................  2ti6 

Merrick,  William  D  ............................  266 

Mitchell,  George  E  .............................  270 

Montgomery,  John  ............................  272 

Moore,  Nicholas  K  .............................  273 

Murray,  William  Vans  ........................  282 

Neale,  Kaphael  ................................  283 

Nelson,  J  ohn  ..................................  283 

Nelson,  Roger  .................................  283 

Nicholson,  Joseph  Hopper  ....................  286 

Paca,  William  .................................  292 

Pearce,  James  A  ...............................  293 

Perry,  Thomas  ................................  301 

Peter,  George  .........................  .  .......  301 

Fhelps,  Charles  E  ...............  ,  ..............  302 

Pinckney,  William  ...................  .  ........  306 

Plater,  George  .................................  307 

Plater,  Thomas  .........................  .  ......  307 

Potts,  Richard  .................................  311 

Pratt,  Thomas  G  ...............................  312 

Preston,  Jacob  A  ..............................  312 

Kamsay,  Nathaniel  ............................  316 

Randall,  Alexander  ...........................  310 

Reed,  Philip  ...................................  320 

Ricaud,  James  B  ........................  ,  ......  321 

Ridgely,  Richard  ..............................  324 

Ringgold,  Samuel  .............................  324 

Rogers,  John  ..................................  328 

Roman,  James  D  ..............................  329 

Ross,  David  ...................................  329 

Rumscy,  Benjamin  ...........................  331 

Scott,  Gustavus  ................................  337 

Semmes,  Benedict  J  ...........................  339 

Seney.  Joshua  ...........  ......................  339 

Sewe'll,  James  .................................  341 

Sheredine,  Upton  .............................  344 

Shower,  Jacob  ................................  345 

Smith,  William  ................................  354 

Sellers,  Augustus  R  ...........................  355 

Spence,  John  S  ................................  357 

Spcnce,  Thomas  A  .............................  357 

Spencer,  Richard  ..............................  358 

Sprigg,  Michael  C  .............................  359 

Sprigg,  Richard  ...............................  359 

Sprigg,  Thomas  ................................  359 

Steele,  John  N  .................................  361 

Sterrett,  Samuel  ...............................  362 

Stewart,  David  ................................  364 

Stewart,  James  A  ......  .  .......................  364 

Stoddard.JohnT  ...............................  366 

Stone,  Frederick  ...............................  366 

Stone,  Michael  .................................  366 

Stone,  Thomas  .................................  367 

Strudwick,  William  E  ..........................  369 

Stuart,  Philip  ..................................  370 

Thomas,  Francis  ...............................  378 

Thomas,  John  C  ...............................  379 

Thomas,  John  L.,  Jr  ...........................  379 

Thomas,  Philip  Francis  ........................  379 

Tilghman,  Matthew  ...........................  382 

Turner,  James  .................................  388 

Van  Home,  Archibald  .........................  393 

Vansant,  Joshua  ...............................  394 

Vickers,  George  ...............................  395 

Walsh,  Thomas  Y.  ............................  400 

Warfield,  Henry  R  .............................  402 

Washington,  George  C  .........................  404 

Webster,  Edwin  H.  ............................  407 

Weems,  John  C  ................................  407 

Wethered,  John  ...............................  409 

Williams,  James  W  ............................  410 

Wilson,  E.  K  ...................................  418 

Worthington,  John  T.  H  .......................  420 

Worthington,  Thomas  C  .......................  420 

Wright,  ttobert  ................................  427 

Wright,  Turbett  ...............................  427 


Abbott,Amos  .................................  9 

Adams,  Benjamin  .............................  9 

Adams,  Charles  F  ............................. 

Adams,  John  ..................................  10 

Adams,  John  Quincy  .........................  10 

Adams,  Samuel  ................................  11 

Allen,  Charles  .................................  12 

Allen,  Joseph  ..................................  13 

Allen,  Samuel  C  ...............................  14 

Alley,  John  B  ..................................  14 

Alvord,  James  C  ...............................  15 


606 


INDEX. 


Ames,  Fisher 15 

Ames,  Oakes 15 

Appleton,  Nathan 18 

Appleton,  William 18 

Ash  inuu,  Kii  Porter 21 

Aslimuu,  George 21 

Bacon,  Uzekiel 23 

Bacon,  John  23 

Bailey,  Goldsmith  F 24 

Bailey,  John 24 

Baker,  Osmyn 25 

Baldwin,  John  D 25 

Banks,  Nathaniel  P 26 

Barker,  Joseph 27 

Barstow,  Gideon, 29 

Bartlett,  Bailey £9 

Bates,  Isaac  C 31 

Baylies,  Francis 32 

Baylies,  William 32 

Baylies,  William 32 

Bidwell,  Barnabas 38 

Bigelo w,  A  bijah 38 

Bigelow,  Lewis 38 

Bishop,  Phanuel 40 

Borden,  Nathaniel  B 44 

Bourne,  Shearjasub 48 

Boutwell,  George  S 40 

Bradbury ,  George 48 

Bradbury  Theophilus 48 

Briggs,  George  N 52 

Brigham,  Elijah 52 

Brown,  Benjamin 55 

Bruce,  Phineas 57 

Butlinton,  James 69 

Bullock,  Stephen * 60 

Burlingamc,  Anson 61 

Burnell,  Barker 61 

Butler,  Benjamin  Franklin 64 

Cabot,  George 05 

Calhoun,  William  B 67 

Carr,  Francis 71 

CHIT,  James 71 

Chaffee,  Calvin  C 74 

Choate,  Rufus 79 

Cobb,  David 87 

Coffin,  Peleg 89 

Coming,  Linus  B 91 

Conner,  Samuel  8 92 

Cook,  Orchard 93 

Crocker,  Samuel  L 100 

Crowninshield,  Benjamin  W 100 

Crowninshield,  Jacob • 100 

Cushing,  Caleb 102 

Gushing,  Thomas 102 

Cushman,  Joshua  (see  Maine) 102 

Cutler,  Manasseh 103 

Cutts,  Richard 103 

Dalton,  Tristam 104 

Damrell,  William  S 104 

Dana,  Francis 105 

Dana,  Samuel 105 

Dane,  Nathan 105 

Davis,  George  T 107 

Davis,  John 108 

Davis,  Samuel 109 

Davis,  Timothy 109 

Dawes,  Henry  L 109 

Deane,  Josiah Ill 

Dearborn,  Henry Ill 

Dearborn,  Henry  A.  S Ill 

Delano,  Charles 112 

Dewy,  Daniel 114 

DeWitt,  Alexander 114 

Dexter,  Samuel 114 

Dickinson,  Edward 115 

Dowse,  Edward 120 

Duncan,  James  II 122 

Dvvight,  Henry  W 123 

Dwight,  Thomas 123 

Edmonds,  J.  Wiley 125 

Eliot,  Samuel  A 127 

Eliot,  Thomas  D 128 

Ely.William 130 

Eustis,  William 131 

Everett,  Edward 132 

Fay,  Francis  B 134 

Fletcher.  Kichard 140 

Folger,  Walter 141 

Foster,  Dwight 143 

Freeman,  Nathaniel 140 

Fuller,  Timothy 148 

Gage,  Joshua 148 


Gannett,  Barzillai 149 

Gardner,  Gideon 150 

Gerry,  Elbrkige 152 

Gooch,  Daniel  W 158 

Goodrich,  John  Z 157 

Goodhue,  Benjamin 156 

Gore,  Christopher 153 

Gorham,  Benjamin 158 

Gorham,  Nathaniel 158 

Green,  I.  L 160 

Grennell,  George 161 

Grinnell,  Joseph X02 

Grout,  Jonathan 163 

Hale,  Artemas 166 

Hall,  Robert  B 167 

Hancock,  John 171 

Hastings,  Seth 178 

Hastings,  Wm.  Soden 178 

H igginson,  Stephen 186 

Hill,  Mark  L.  (see  Maine) 187 

Hoar,  Samuel 188 

H obart,  Aaron 189 

Hodges,  James  L 189 

Holten,  Samuel 192 

Hooper,  Samuel 192 

Hubbard,  Levi 198 

Hudson,  Charles 199 

Hulbert,  John  W 200 

Hsley,  Daniel 203 

Jack'son,  Jonathan 206 

Jackson,  William 207 

Kendall ,  Jonas 218 

Kendall,  Joseph  G 218 

King,  Cyrus -. 221 

King,  Daniel  Putnam 221 

Kinsley,  Martin 224 

Knapp,  Chauncey  L 225 

Lamed,  Simeon 229 

Lathrop,  Samuel 229 

Lawrence,  Abbott 230 

Lee,  Silas 235 

Leonard,  George 236 

Lincoln,  Enoch 238 

Lincoln,  Levi 238 

Lincoln,  Levi 238 

Little,  Edward  P 239 

Livermore,  Edward  S 239 

Lloyd,  James 240 

Locke,  John 241 

Lovell,  James 243 

Lowell,  John 243 

Lyman,  Samuel 245 

Lyman,  William 245 

Mann,  Horace 257 

Mason,  Jonathan 262 

Mattoon,  Ebenezer 263 

Mellen,  Prentiss 265 

Mills,  Elijah  H 269 

Mitchell,  N  ahum . .  271 

Morton,  Marcus , 279 

Nelson ,  J eremiah ....  283 

Orr,  Benjamin 291 

Osgood,  Gayton  P 291 

Osgood,  Samuel 291 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray 291 

Otis,  Samuel  A 292 

Paine,  Robert  Treat 294 

Palfrey,  John  G 294 

Parker,  James 295 

Parmenter,  William 296 

Partridge,  George 290 

Phillips,  Stephen  Clarendon 303 

Pickering,  Timothy 304 

Pickman,  I icnjamiii 305 

Quincy,  Josiah 315 

Rantoul,  Robert 317 

Read,  Nathan 319 

Reed,  John 319 

Reed,  John 319 

Reed.  William 320 

Rice,  Alexander  H 321 

Rice,  Thomas 322 

Richardson,  Joseph 323 

Richardson,  William  M 323 

Rockwell,  Julius 327 

Ruggles,  Nathaniel 331 

Russell,  Jonathan 332 

Sabine,  Lorenzo 333 

Saltonstall,  Leverett 334 

Sampson,  Zabdiel 33 

Scudder,  Zeno 338 

Seaver,  Ebeuezer 338 


INDEX. 


Sedgwick,  Theodore  ...........................  339 

Sewcll,  Samuel  ................................  340 

Shaw,  Henry  ..................................  34-2 

Shcpliterd,  William  ............................  343 

Sibley,  J  onas  ..................................  345 

Silsbt;e,  Nathaniel  ............................  34(5 

Skinner,  Thompson  J.,  Jr  .....................  348 

Smith,  J  osiah  .................................  352 

Steams,  Asahel  ...............................  300 

Stedman,  William  .............................  301 

Story,  J  oseph  .................................  307 

Strong,  Caleb  .................................  308 

Strong,  Solomon  ..............................  309 

Sullivan,  James  ...............................  370 

Sumner,  Charles  ..............................  371 

T  ajrgart,  Samuel  ..............................  372 

Tallman,  1'eleg  ................................  373 

Thai-hoc,  George  ..............................  377 

Thacher,  Samuel  ..............................  377 

Thayer.  Eli  ....................................  377 

Thomas,  Benjamin  F  .........................  378 

Thompson,  Jicnjamin  .........................  379 

Trafton,  Mark  .................................  383 

Train,  Charles  It  ...............................  385 

Turner,  Charles  ...............................  388 

Twiu-lu-ll,  Ginery  .............................  389 

Upham,  Charles  W  ............................  390 

IJpham,  Jabez  .................................  390 

Varnum,  John  ................................  394 

Varnum,  Joseph  Bradley  ......................  395 

Wadsworth,  Peleg  ............................  397 

"Walker,  Amasa  ...............................  398 

\Valley,  Samuel  H  .............................  400 

Ward,  Artemas  ................................  401 

Ward,  Artemas  ...............................  401 

Washburn.  William  B  .........................  403 

Webster,  Daniel  (see  New  Hampshire)  ........  400 

AVentworth,  Tappau  ...........................  409 

\Vheaton,  Laban  ..............................  409 

White,  Leonard  ...............................  412 

Whitman,  Ezekiel  (see  Maine)  ................  412 

Widgery,  William  .............................  413 

•Williams,  lienry  ...............................  415 

Williams,  Lemuel  .............................  410 

Wilson,  Henry  .................................  419 

Wilson,  John  ..................................  420 

Winthrop,  Robert  C  ...........................  422 

Wood,  Abiel  ...................................  423 


Baldwin,  Augustus  C  ..........................    25 

Beaman,  Fernando  C  ..........................    33 

Biddle,  John  ...................................    38 

Bingham,  Kinsley  S  ............................    39 

Blair,  Austin  ..................................    41 

Bradlev,  Edward  ..............................    49 

Buel,  Alexander  W  ............................    59 

Cass,  Lewis  ....................................    7-J 

Chandler,  Zaoharlaii  ..........................    76 

Chipman,  John  S  ..........................  •  •-•    79 

Clark,  Samuel  (see  New  York)  .................    81 

Conger,  James  L  ...............................    91 

Cooper,  George  B  ..............................    93 

Crary,  Isaac  E  .................................    97 

Drig'gs,  John  F  ................................  120 

Kelcii,  Alpheus  ................................  135 

Perry,  Thomas  W  .............................  130 

Fitzgerald,  Thomas  ............................  139 

Granger,  Bradley  F  ............................  159 

Howard,  Jacob  il  ..............................  193 

H  oward  ,  William  A  ............................  197 

Hunt,  James  B  ................................  201 

.Tones,  George  W.  (see  Iowa)  ..................  213 

Kellogg,  Francis  W  ............................  217 

Leach",  De  Witt  C  ..............................  232 

Lougyear,  John  W  .............................  242 

Lyou  Lucini  ...................................  243 

McClelland,  Robert  ............................  248 

Moselev,  Jonathan  Ogden  .....................  279 

Noble,  'David  A  ................................  2S7 

Norvell,  John  ..................................  288 

1'eck,  George  W  ...............................  298 

1'eiiniman,  Ebenczer  J  .........................  299 

Phc-!ps,  William  W  ............................  303 

1'orter,  Augustus  8  .............................  309 

Kichanl,  Gabriel  ...............................  32 

Sibley,  Solomon  ...............................  340 

Sprague,  William  ..............................  358 

Stevens',  Hector  L  ............  .................  302 

Stuart,  Charles  E  ..............................  370 

Stuart,  Duvid  ..................................  3JO 


Trowbridge,  Rowland  E  .......................  386 

Upsom,  Charles  ................................  390 

AValbridge,  David  S  ............................  397 

Waldron,  Henry  ...............................  398 

Wing,  Austin  E  ........  .......................  421 

AVooilbridge,  William  ..........................  424 

Minnesota. 

Aldrich,  CJTUS  .........................  ........  11 

Cavanaugh,  James  II  ..........................  74 

Donnelly,  Ignatius  .............................  119 

Kingsbury,  William  AY  .........................  223 

Norton,  Daniel  S  ...............................  287 

Ramsey,  Alexander  ............................  310 

Rice,  Henry  M  .................................  322 

Sibley,  Henrv  H  ................................  345 

Wilkinson,  Morton  S  ...........................  413 

Windom,  William  .............................  421 

Mississippi. 

Adams,  Robert  H  ..............................    11 

Adams,  Stephen  ...............................     11 

Barksdalo,  William  ............................    27 

Barry,  William  S  ...............................    2  J 

Bennett,  H.  S  ..................................    05 

Black,  John  ....................................    40 

Brooke,  Walter  ................................    53 

Brown,  A  Ibert  G  ...................  ............    54 

Cage,  Harry  ...................................    0(5 

Chalmers,  Joseph  W  .......................  ....    74 

Claiborne,  John  F.  H  ........................    80 

Davis,  Jefferson  ...............................  108 

Davis,  Reuben  .................................  108 

Dickson,  David  ................................  1  1(5 

Ellis,  1'owhatan  ...............................  128 

Featherston,  W.  S  .............................  135 

Foote,  Henry  S  ................................  141 

P'reeman,  John  D  ..............................  143 

Gholson,  S.  J  .......................  ...  ........  152 

Greene,  Thomas  M  .............................  100 

Gwin,  William  M.  (see  California)  .............  105 

Haile,  William  ................................  106 

llammet,  William  J  ...........................  109 

Harris,  W.  L  ...................................  176 

Harris,  Wiley  P  ................................  176 

Henderson,  John  ..............................  182 

Hinds.  Thomas  ................................  188 

Holmes,  David  (see  Virginia)  ..................  191 

Hunter,  Naisworthy  ...........................  201 

Lake,  William  A  ..............................  227 

Lamar.L.Q.C  ...............................  227 

Lattimore,  William  ............................  229 

Lea  ke  ,  Wai  t  er  .................................  233 

Mcltae,  John  J  ................................  255 

McWillie,  William  .............................  255 

Nabers,  Benjamin  1)  ..........................  283 

Plummer,  Franklin  E  .........................  307 

Poindexter,  George  ...........................  307 

Prentiss,  Sergeant  S  ...........................  31 

Quit  man,  John  A  ..............................  315 

Rankin,  Christopher  ...........................  317 

Road,  Thomas  B  ...............................  319 

Roberts,  Robert  W  ............................  32(5 

Singleton,  Otlio  It  .............................  347 

Speight,  Jesse  ................................  357 

Thompson,  Jacob  ..............................  379 

Tompkins,  Patrick  W  ..........................  384 

Trotter,  F.James  .............................  386 

Tucker,  Tilghman  31  ...........................  388 

Walker,  Robert  J  ..............................  399 

Wilcox,  John  A  ...............................  414 

Williams,  Thomas  Hill  ........................  417 

Williams,  Thomas  H  ...........................  417 

Word,  Thomas  J  .............................    425 

Wright,  Daniel  B  ..............................  426 


Akers,  Thomas  Peter  ..........................  11 

Anderson,  George  W  ..........................  15 

Anderson,  Thomas  L  ..........................  J7 

A  shley,  William  H  ............................  21 

Atchison,  David  R  .............................  22 

Barrett,  J.  Richard  ...........................  28 

Barton,  David  .................................  30 

Bates,  Edward  .................................  30 

Bay,  William  V.  N  .............................  31 

Benjamin,  John  F  .............................  35 

Benion,  Thomas  Hart  .........................  30 

Blair,  F.  P.,  Jr  ................................  41 


608 


INDEX. 


Blow,  Henry  T  .................................    43 

Bower,  Gustavus  B  ...........................    46 

Bowlin,  James  B  ..............................    47 

Boyd,  Sempronius  H  ...........................    47 

Brown,  B.  Grata  ...............................    55 

Buckner,  Alexander  ...........................    59 

Bull,  John  .....................................    59 

Caruthers,  Samuel  .............................    72 

Clark,  John  B  .................................    fcl 

Craig,  James  ..................................    97 

Darby,  John  Fletcher  ..........................  105 

Drake,  Charles  C  ............................  ....  120 

Easton,  Rufus  .................................  124 

Edwards,  John  C  .............................  .  120 

Geyer,  Henry  8  ................................  152 

Gravely,  Joseph  J  .....................  ,  .......  159 

Green,  James  S  ................................  100 

Hall,  Willard  P  ................................  1C8 

Hall,  William  A  ..............................  108 

Harrison,  Albert  G  .............................  ]  7(5 

Hempstead,  Edward  ...........................  182 

Henderson,  John  B  ............................  182 

Hogan,  John  ..................................  100 

Hughes,  James  M  ..............................  200 

Jameson,  John  ................................  207 

\Tohnson,  Waldo  P  .............................  212 

Kelso,  John  H  ................................  218 

Kennett,  Luther  M  ............................  219 

King,  Austin  A  ................................  221 

Knox,  Samuel  ...............  .  .................  22(5 

Lamb,  Alfred  W  ...............................  227 

Lindley,  James  J  ..............................  238 

Linn,  Lewis  F  .................................  239 

Loan,  Benjamin  F.  ...  .........................  240 

McClurg,  J  oscph  W  ............................  248 

McCormick,  James  It  ..........................  249 

Miller,  John  .................  .................  208 

Miller,  John  G  .................................  208 

JN  ewcomb,  C.  A  ................................  284 

Noell,John  W  .................................  287 

Noell,  Thomas  E  ...............................  287 

Norton,  Elijah  H  ...............................  288 

Oliver,  Mordecai  ...............................  290 

Pettis,  Spencer  ................................  301 

Phelps,  John  S  ................................  302 

Pile,  William  A  ................................  300 

Polk,  Trnsten  ..................................  308 

Porter,  Gilchrist  ...............................  310 

Price,  Sterling  .................................  313 

Price,  Thomas  L  ...............................  313 

Reid,  John  W  ..................................  320 

Ilelfe,  James  H  .................................  321 

Rollins,  James  Sidney  .........................  329 

Scott,  John  ....................................  337 

Scott,  John  G  ..................................  338 

Sims,  Leonard  H  ..............................  347 

Van  Horn,  Robert  T  ...........................  393 

Wilson,  Robert  ................................  420 

Woodson,  Samuel  II  ...........................  425 


Marquette,  T.  M  ...............................  258 

Thayer,  John  M  ...............................  377 

Tipton,  Thomas  W  .............................  i,83 

Nevada. 

Ashley,  Delos  R  ...............................    21 

Cradlebaugh,  John  ............................    90 

Mott,  Gordon  M  ...............................  279 

Nye.James  W  .................................  288 

Stewart,  William  M  ..................  ........  364 

Worthington,  H.  G  ............................  320 

IVew  irampsliire. 

Atherton,  Charles  G  ...........................  22 

Atherton,  Charles  H  ...........................  22 

Barker,  David  .................................  27 

Bartlett,  Ichabod  .......................  ......  29 

Bartlett,  Josiah  ...............................  29 

Bartlett,  Josiah  ...............................  30 

Bean,  Benning  M  ..............................  33 

Bell,  James  ....................................  34 

Bell,  Samuel  ...................................  35 

Benton,  Jacob  .................................  36 

Betton,  Silas  ...................................  37 

Bhiisdell,  Daniel  ...............................  42 

Blancliard,  Jonathan  ..........................  42 

Brodhead,  John  C  ..............................  53 

Brown,  Titus  ..................................  56 


Buffum,  Joseph,  Jr 59 

Burke,  Edmund 01 

Burns,  Robert '.    62 

Butler,  Josiah 04 

Carlton,  Peter "0 

Chamberlain,  John  C 74 

Chandler,  Thomas 70 

Cilley,  Bradbury 80 

Cilley,  Joseph 80 

Claggett,  Clifton SO 

Clark,  Daniel 81 

Cragin,  Aaron  H 97 

Cushman,  Samuel 102 

Cutts,  Charles 103 

Dinsmoor,  Samuel 110 

Durell,  Daniel  M 122 

Eastman,  Ira  A 124 

Eastman,  Nehemiah 124 

Edwards,  Thomas  M 120 

Ela,  Jacob  H 127 

Ellis,  Caleb 128 

Farrington,  James 134 

Fogg,  George  G 141 

Folsom,  Nathaniel 141 

Foster,  Abiel 143 

Freeman,  Jonathan 140 

Frost,  George 147 

Gardner,  Francis 150 

Gilman,  Nicholas 154 

Gilman,  John  Taylor 154 

Gordon,  William" 157 

Hale,  John  P 166 

Hale,  Salma 106 

Hale,  William   153 

Hall,  Obed 107 

Hammonds,  Joseph 170 

Harper,  John  A 174 

Harper,  Joseph  M 174 

Harvey,  Jonathan 177 

Hnrvey,  Matthew 177 

Haven,  Nathaniel  A 178 

Healy,  Joseph 181 

Hibbard,  Harry 185 

Hill,  1  saac 186 

Hough,  David 195 

Hubbard,  Henry 198 

Hunt,  Samuel 201 

Jenness,  Benning  W 209 

Johnson,  James  H 210 


Kittredge,  George  W 224 

Langdou,  John 228 

Langdon,  Woodbury 228 

Livermore,  Arthur 239 

Livermore,  Samuel 239 

Long,  Pierce. 242 

Marcy,  Daniel 257 

Marston,  Gilman 200 

Mason,  Jeremiah 201 

Matson ,  Aaron 203 

Morril,  David  L 275 

Morrison,  George  W 278 

Moulton,  Mace 280 

Norris,  Moses 287 

Olcott,  Simeon 2M) 

Page,  John 293 

Parker,  Nahum 295 

Parrott.  John  F 296 

Patterson,  James  W 297 

Peabody,  Nathaniel  .'. 298 

Peaslee,  Charles  H 298 

Perkins,  Jared 300 

1'ierce,  Franklin 305 


Pierce,  Joseph 305 

Pike,  James 305 

Plumer,  William 307 

Plurner,  William 307 

Reding,  John  It 31i> 

Rollins,  Edward  H 328 

Shaw,  Tristam 343 

Sheafe,  James 343 

Sherburne,  John  S 344 

Simmons,  George  A 346 

Smith,  .ledediuh  K 351 

Smith,  Jeremiah 351 

Smith,  Siimuel 353 

Sprague,  Peleg 358 

Stevens,  Aaron  F 362 

Storer,  Clement 307 

Sullivan,  George 370 

Sullivan,  John 370 

Tappan,  Mason  W 3/4 

Tenuey ,  Samuel 377 


INDEX. 


609 


Thompson,  Thomas  W 380 

Thornton,  Matthew 381 

Tuck,  Amos 387 

Upham,  George  1$ 390 

Upham,  N athaniel 390 

Vose,  Koger 390 

Webster,  Daniel 406 

Weeks,  John  W 407 

•  Weeks,  Joseph 407 

Wells,  JohnS 408 

Wontworth,  John,  Jr. 408 

Whipple,  Thomas , 410 

Whipple,  William 410 

White,  Phillips 412 

Wilccx,  Jeduthun 414 

Wilcox,  Leonard 414 

Williams,  Jared  W 416 

Wilson,  James 420 

Wilson,  James 420 

Wingate,  Paine 421 

Woodbury,  Levi 424 


Jersey. 

Adrain,  Garnett  B 11 

Aycrigg,  John  B 23 

Baker,  Ezra 25 

Bateman,  Ephraim 30 

Beatty,  John 33 

Bennett,  Benjamin 35 

Bines,  Thomas 39 

Bishop,  James 40 

Bloomfield,  Joseph 43 

Boyd,  Adam 47 

Brown,  George  H 65 

Burnett,  W 62 

Cassedy,  George 73 

Cattell,  Alexander  G 74 

Chetwood,  William 78 

Clark,  Abraham 80 

Clawson,  Isaiah  D 9-3 

Cobb,  George  T 87 

Condict,  John 91 

Condict,  Lewis  v 91 

Condict,  Silas 91 

Condict,  Silas 91 

Cooper,  John 94 

Cooper,  Richard  M 94 

Cooper,  W.  K 94 

Cox,  James 96 

Coxe,  William 96 

Crane,  Stephen 97 

Darby,  Ezra 105 

Davenport,  Franklin 106 

Dayton,  Elias 110 

Dayton,  Jonathan 110 

Dayton,  William  L 110 

Dick,  Samuel 115 

Dickerson,  Mahlon 115 

Dickerson,  Philemon 115 

Dickerson,  Philemon 115 

Edsall,  Joseph  E 125 

Elmer,  Ebenezer 129 

Elmer,  Jonathan 129 

Elmer,  Lucius  Q.  C 129 

Farlee,  Isaac  G 133 

Fell,  John 135 

Field,  Richard  S ; 137 

Fowler,  Samuel 144 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick 146 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick  T 146 

Frelinghuvsen,  Theodore 146 

Garrison,  Daniel 150 

Gregory,  Dudleys 161 

Haight,  Charles 105 

Halsey,  George  A 168 

Halsted,  William 168 

Hampton,  James  G 170 

Hart,  John 177 

Hay,  Andrew  K 179 

Helms,  William 182 

Henderson,  Thomas 183 

Hill,  John 187 

Holcomb,  George IS 

Hopkinson,  Francis 193 

Hornblower,  Josiah 194 

Houston,  WilliamC 196 

Hufty,  Jacob 199 

Hughes,  Thomas  H 200 

Huyler,  John 203 


Imlay,  James  H 203 

Kille,  Joseph 221 

King,  James 222 

Kinsey,  Charles 223 

Kinsey,  James 224 

Kirkpatrick,  Littleton 224 

Kitchell,  Aaron 224 

Lambert,  John 227 

Lee,  Thomas 235 

Ljlly ,  Samuel 237 

Linn,  James 238 

Linn,  John 238 

Livingston,  William..  240 

Matlack,  James 203 

Maxwell,  George  C 263 

Maxwell,  J.  P.B 203 

Mcllvaine,  Joseph 251 

Mjddleton,  George 267 

Miller,  Jacob  W 268 

5Ioore,  William 273 

Morgan,  James 275 

Mott,  James 280 

Neilson,  John 283 

Ne  wbold,  Thomas 284 

Newell,  William  A 285 

Nixon, JohnI 2.^7 

Ogden,  Aaron 2S9 

Parker,  James 295 

Paterson,  William 296 

Pennington,  Alexander  C.  M 299 

Pennlngtou,  William 299 

Perry,  Nebemiah 300 

Pierson,  Isaac 305 

Price,  Rodman  H 313 

Randolph,  James  F. 317 

Randolph,  Joseph  Fitz 317 

Riggs,  Jetur  R 324 

Robbins,  George  R 325 

Rogers,  Andrew  J 328 

Runk,  John 331 

Rutherford,  John 333 

Ryall.D.B 333 

Schenck,  Ferdinand  S 336 

Schureman,  James 337 

Scudder,  John  A 338 

Scudder,  Nathaniel 338 

Sergeant,  Jonathan  D 340 

Shinn,  William  N 345 

Sinnickson,  Thomas 347 

Sinnickson,  Thomas 347 

Sitgreaves,  Charles 347 

Skelton,  Charles 348 

Sloan,  James 349 

Smith,  Bernard 350 

Smith,  Isaac 351 

Smith,  Richard 353 

Southard,  Henry 356 

Southard,  Isaac 356 

Southard,  Samuel  L 356 

Starr,  John  F 360 

Steele,  William  G 361 

Stewart,  Archibald 364 

Stockton,  John  P 305 

Stockton,  Richard 3C5 

Stockton,  Richard 365 

Stockton,  Robert  Field 365 

Stratton,  Charles  C 368 

Stratton,  John  L.  N 368 

Stratton,  Nathan  T 308 

Swan,  Samuel 371 

Sykes,  George 372 

Svmmes,  John  C 372 

Ten  Eyck,  John.  C 376 

Thompson,  Hedge 379 

Thompson,  Mark 380 

Thomson,  John  R 381 

Tucker,  Ebenezer. 387 

Vail, George 391 

Van  Dyke,  John 392 

Vroom,  Peter  D 396 

Wall,  Garret  D 399 

Wall,  James  W 399 

Ward,  Thomas 402 

Wildrick,  Isaac 414 

Wilson,  James  J 420 

Wi therspoon,  John 422 

Wortendyke.J.R 426 

Wright,  Edwin  R.  V 428 

Wright,  Samuel  G 427 

Wright,  William 427 

Yorke,  Thomas  J 429 


610 


INDEX. 


New  Yorls. 

Adams,  John..v 10 

Adams,  Parmenio 11 

Adgute,  Asa 11 

Alexander,  Henry  P 12 

Allen,  Judson,  13 

Allen.  Nathaniel 13 

Alsop,  John 15 

Anderson,  Joseph  H 16 

Andrews,  George  11 17 

Andrews,  John  T 17 

Andrews,  Samuel  G 17 

Angel,  William  G 17 

Armstrong,  John. 19 

A  mold,  Benedict 20 

Ashley,  Henry 21 

A  very,  Daniel 22 

Babcock,  Alfred 23 

Babcock,  Leander 23 

Babcock,  William  23 

Badger,  Luther 23 

Bailey,  Alexander  H 24 

Bailey,  Theodoras 24 

Baker,  Caleb 24 

Baker,  Stephen 25 

Barnard,  D.  D 28 

Barnes,  Demas 28 

Barr,  Thomas  J 28 

Barstow,  Gamaliel  II 29 

Barton,  Samuel 30 

Beale,  Charles  L 32 

Beardsley ,  Samuel 33 

Beekman,  Thomas 34 

Beers,  Cyrus 34 

Belden,  George  O 34 

Bennett,  Henry 35 

Benson,  Egbert 35 

Beaton,  Charles  S 36 

Bergen,  John  T 30 

Bergen,  Teunis  G 36 

Belts,  Samuel  R 37 

Bicknell,  Bennett 37 

Bird,  John 40 

Bird  sail,  Ausburn 40 

Birdsall,  James 40 

Birdsall,  Samuel 40 

Birdsey e,  Victory 40 

Blackmar,  Esbon 41 

Blair,  Barnard 41 

Blake,  John,  Jr 42 

Bleecker,  Hermanns 42 

Bloom,  Isaac 43 

Bockee,  Abraham 43 

Bodle,  Charles 44 

Boerum,  Simon 44 

Bokee,  David  A 44 

Boody,  Azariah 44 

Borland,  Charles,  Jr 44 

Borst,  Peter  1 45 

Bouck,  J  oscph 45 

Bovee,  Matthias  J 46 

Bowers,  J ohn  M * 46 

Bowne,  Obadiah 47 

Bowne,  Samuel  S 47 

Boyd,  Alexander 47 

Boyd,  JohnH 47 

Brewster,  David  P 51 

Briggs,  George , 51 

Broadhead,  John  C 52 

Bronson,  Isaac  H 53 

Brooks,  David 53 

Brooks,  James 53 

Brooks,  Micau 54 

Brown,  A nson 55 

Brown,  John  W 56 

Bruyn,  Andrew  D.  W < 57 

Buel,  Alexander  H 59 

Bunner,  Iludolph CO 

Burr,  Aaron 62 

Burroughs,  Silas  M 63 

Burrows,  Lorenzo 63 

Butterh'eld,  Martin 65 

Cftdy ,  Daniel 66 

Cady,  John  W 66 

Cambreleug,  Churchill  C 68 

Campbell,  Samuel 69 

Campbell,  William  W 69 

Cantme,  John... 70 

Carey,  Jeremiah  E 70 

Carpenter,  Davis 70 

Carpenter,  LeviD , 71 


Carroll,  Charles  II 71 

Carter,  Luther  C 71 

Case,  Walter 72 

Chamberlain,  Jacob  P 74 

Chanler,  John  Winthrop 76 

Chapin,  Graham  H 76 

Chase,  George  W 77 

Chase,  Samuel 78 

Childs,  Thomas,  Jr 78 

Childs,  Timothy 78 

Chittenden,  T.  C 79 

Churchill,  John  Charles 79 

Clark,  Ambrose  W 80 

Clark,  Horace  F 81 

Clark,  Lot 81 

Clark,  Robert 81 

Clark,  Samuel  (see  Michigan) 81 

Clarke,  Archibald  S 82 

Clarke,  Bayard 82 

Clarke,  Charles  E 82 

Clarke,  Freeman 82 

Clarke,  John  C 82 

Clarke,  Staley  N 83 

Clinton,  DeWitt 86 

Clinton,  George 86 

Clinton,  George,  Jr 86 

Clinton,  James  G - 86 

Cochran,  James 88 

Cochrane,  Clark  B 88 

Cochrane,  John 88 

Colden,  Cadwallader  D 89 

Collier,  John  A 90 

Collin.John  F 90 

Collins,  Ela 90 

Collins,  William 90 

Comstock,  Oliver  C 91 

Conger,  Harmon  S 91 

Conkling,  Alfred 92 

Conkling,  Frederick  A 92 

Conkling,  Roscoe 92 

Cook,  Thomas  B 93 

Cooke.Bate 93 

Cooper,  William 94 

Cornell,  Thomas 94 

Corning,  Erastus 94 

Cowles,  Hency  B 96 

Craig,  Hector 97 

Cramer,  J  ohn 97 

Crocheron,  Henry 99 

Crocheron,  J acoo 99 

Cruger,  Daniel 100 

Culver,  Erastus  D 101 

Gumming,  Thomas  W 101 

Curtis,  Edward 101 

Cushman,  John  Paine 102 

Cutting,  Francis  B 103 

Dana,  Amasa 104 

Darling,  William  A 106 

Davis.Rlchard  D 108 

Davis,  Thomas  T 109 

Day,  Rowland 110 

Dayan,  Charles Ill 

Dean,  Gilbert Ill 

DcGraff,  John  I.... 112 

Deitz,  William 112 

Delapaine,  Isaac  C 112 

De  Mott,  John 113 

Denning,  William 113 

Denoyelles,  Peter 1 13 

Dewitt,  Charles 114 

De  Witt,  Charles  G 114 

De  Witt,  Jacob  H 114 

Dickinson,  Daniel  S 115 

Dickinson,  John  D 116 

Dickson,  John 116 

Dickson,  Samuel 116 

Diven,  Alexander  S 116 

Dix,  John  A H? 

Dodd,  Edward 118 

Dodge,  William  E 118 

Doe,  Nicholas  B 119 

Doig,  Andrew  W 119 

Doulbleday,  Ulysses  F 119 

Dowse,  William 120 

Drake,  John  R 120 

Duane,  James 121 

Dudley,  Charles  E 121 

Duell,  R.  Holland 121 

Duer,  William 121 

Duer,  William 121 

Dwinnell,  Justin 12 

Eager,  Samuel  W 123 


INDEX. 


Gil 


Earll,  Jonas,  Jr 124 

Earll,  Nehemiah  H 124 

Eaton,  Lewis 124 

Edward,  John 125 

Edwards,  Francis  S 126 

Effner,  Valentine 127 

Egbert,  Joseph 127 

Ellicott,  Benjamin...; 128 

Ellis,  Cheselden 128 

Ellsworth,  (Samuel  S 128 

Elmeiulorfc  Lucas 129 

Ely,Alfred 129 

Ely ,  J  o h  n 130 

Emott,  James .-.130 

Evans,  David  E.. 131 

Farlin,  Dudley 134 

Fay,  John 134 

Fenton,  Reuben  E 135 

Ferris,  Charles  G 135 

Ferriss,  Orange 135 

Fields,  William  C 137 

Fillmore,  Millard 137 

Finch,  Isaac 137 

Fine,  John 138 

Fish,  Hamilton 138 

Fisher,  Ger-rga 138 

Fi?k,  Jonathan.... 139 

Fiteh,  Asa 139 

Flugler,  Thomas  IV 140 

Floyd,  Charles  A.  .   ,,,..,,...., 140 

Floyd,  JohnG 140 

Floyd,  William 140 

Foote,  Charles  A.. 141 

Ford,  William  D 142 

Fosdick,  Nicoll 143 

Foster  A .  Lawrence 143 

Foster,  Henry  A 143 

Fox,  John .., 144 

Franchot,  "Richard 145 

Frank,  Augustus 145 

Frost,  Joel 147 

Fuller,  Philo  C .147 

Fuller,  William  K 148 

Gallup,  Albert  149 

Gansevoort,  Leonard , 149 

Ganson,  John 149 

Gardenier,  Barent 149 

Garnsey,  Daniel  G 150 

Garrow,  Nathaniel 150 

Gates,  Seth  Merrill 151 

Gebhard,  John 151 

Geddes,  James 151 

German,  Obadiah  152 

Gilbert,  Ezekiel 153 

Gilbert,  William  A 153 

Gillet,  Ransom  H 153 

Glenn,  Henry 155 

Gold,  Thomas  R 155 

Goodwin,  Henry  C 157 

Goodyear,  Charles 157 

Gordon,  James  157 

Gordon,  Hamuel 157 

Gott,  Daniel  158 

Gould,  Herman  D 158 

Graham,  James  H 158 

Granger,  A  mos  P '. .  159 

Granger,  Francis  159 

Grant,  Abraham  P 159 

Gray,  Hiram 159 

Greeley,  Horace ' 159 

Green,  Byram 160 

Greip,  John 161 

Grinnell,  Moses  H 102 

Griswold,  Gaylord  162 

Griswold,  John  A 163 

Gross,  Ezra  C 163 

Grosvenor,  Thomas  P 163 

Grovcr,  Martin .". .  164 

Guyon,  James,  Jr 165 

Hackley,  Aaron,  Jr 105 

II  aight,  Edward 1G5 

Hale,  Robert  S 166 

Hall, George 167 

Hall,  Nathan  K 167 

Hallock,  John,  Jr 108 

Halloway,  Ransom - 168 

Halsey,  Jehiel  H •••  108 

Halsey,  Nicoll 108 

Halsey,  Silas 108 

Hamilton.  Alexander 188 

Hammond,  Jabez  D 170 

Hand,  Augustus  C 171 


Hard,  Gideon  173 

Haring,  John  173 

Harris,  Ira 175 

Harris, John 175 

Hart,  EmanuelB 177 

Hart,  Ros well t. .  177 

Hasbrouck,  Abraham  177 

Hasbrouck,  Abraham  B 177 

Hasbrouck,  Josiah 177 

Hascall,  Augustus  P 177 

Haskin,  John  B 178 

Hastings,  George  178 

Hatch,  Israel  T 178 

Hathaway,  Samuel  G 178 

Hathorn,  John 178 

Havens,  Jonathan  N 179 

Haven,  Solomon  G 179 

Hawkins,  Joseph   179 

Hawkes,  James 179 

Haws,  J.  H.  Hobart 179 

Hayden,  Moses 180 

Hazeltine,  Abner 180 

Herki  nier,  John 184 

Herrick,  A nson 184 

Herrick,  Richard  P 185 

Hoard,  Charles  B " 189 

Hobart,  John  Sloss 189 

Hobbie,  Selah  R 189 

Hoffman,  Michael 189 

Hoffman,  Ogden 190 

Hogan,  William 190 

Hogeboom,  James  L -» 100 

Holley,  JohnM 191 

Holmes,  Elias  B 191 

Holmes,  Sydney  T 192 

Hopkins,  Samuel  M 193 

Horton,  Thomas  R 194 

Hosford,  Jededifth 194 

Hosmer,  Hezekiah  L 194 

Hotchkiss,  Giles  W 194 

Houck,  Jacob,  Jr '. 195 

Hough,  William  J 195 

Howe,  Thomas  Y.,  Jr 197 

Howell,  Edward 197 

Howell,  Nathaniel J97 

Hubbard,  Demas,  Jr 198 

Hubbard,  Thomas  H 199 

Hubbel,  Edwin  N 199 

Hubbell,  William  S 199 

Hughes,  Charles  199 

Hughston,  Jonas  A 200 

Hugunin,  Daniel 200 

Hulburd,  Calvin  T 200 

I lumphrey ,  Charles 200 

Humphrey,  James 200 

Humphrey,  James  M 200 

Humphrey,  Reuben 200 

Hungerford,  Orville 201 

HuntjHiramP 201 

Hunt,  Washington 201 

Hunter,John  W 201 

Huntington,  Abel 202 

Irvine,  William 205 

Irving,  William 205 

Ives,Willard 205 

Jackson,  David  S 206 

Jackson,  Thomas  B 207 

Jackson,  W.  T 207 

Jay,  John 207 

J enkins,  Lemuel 209 

Jenkins,  Timothy 209 

Jewett,  Freeborn  G 209 

Johnson,  Jero'mus 211 

Johnson,  Noadiah 211 

Johnston,  Charles 212 

Jones,  Daniel  T 213 

Jones,  Morgan 214 

Jones,  Nathaniel 214 

Kalbfleisch,  Martin 215 

Keese,  Richard •.  213 

Kellogg,  Charles 217 

Kellogg,  Orlando 217 

Kelly,  John 218 

Kelsey,  William  H 218 

Kemble,  Gouverneur 218 

Kempshall,  Thomas 218 

•Kent,  Moss 219 

Kenyon,  William  S 219 

Kernan,  Francis 219 

Kerrigan,  James  K 220 

Ketcham  John  H 220 

King,  Adam 221 


612 


INDEX. 


King,  John 222 

King,  John  A 222 

Kink,  Perkins 222 

King,  Preston 222 

King,  Rufus 222 

King,  Rufus  H 223 

Kirkland,  Joseph 224 

Ktrkpatrick,  William 224 

Kirtlancl,  Dorranco 224 

Knickerbocker,  Herman 225 

Lafflin,  Addison  H 226 

Lansing,  Gerritt  Y 228 

Lansing,  John ."229 

Lansing,  William  E 229 

Lawrence,  Cornelius  Van  Wyck 231 

Lawrence,  John 231 

Lawrence,  John  W 231 

Lawrence,  Samuel 231 

Lawrence,  Sidney 231 

Lawrence,  William  T 232 

Lawyer,  Thomas 232 

Lay,  George  W 232 

Lee,  Gideon 234 

Lee,  Henry  B 234 

Lee,  Joshua 234 

Lee,  M.  Lindley 234 

Lefferts,  John 235 

Lent,  J ames 236 

Leonard,  Moses  G 230 

Leonard,  Stephen  B 236 

Lewis,  Abner 237 

Lewis,  Francis 237 

L'Hommedieu,  Ezra 237 

Lincoln,  William  S 238 

Linn,  Archibald  L 238 

Litchfield,  Elisha 239 

Littlejohn,  De  Witt  C 239 

Livingston,  Edward • 240 

Livingston,  Henry  Walter 240 

Livingston,  Philip 240 

Livingston,  Robert  Le  Roy 240 

Livingston,  Robert  R 240 

Livingston,  Walter 240 

Loomis,  Arphaxad 242 

Lord,  Frederick  W 242 

Love,  Thomas  C 243 

Lovett,  John 243 

Low,  Isaac 243 

Lyman,  Joseph  S 245 

Lyon,  Caleb  of  Lyonsdale 245 

Maclay  William  B 247 

Magee,  John 255 

Mallory,  Meredith 256 

Mann,  Abijah  Jr 256 

Marcy,  William  Lamed 257 

Markell,  Henry 258 

Markell,  Jacob 258 

Martin,  Frederick  S 2GO 

Martindale,  Henry  C 2C1 

Marvin,  Dudley 261 

Marvin,  James  M 261 

Marvin,  Richard  P 261 

Mason,  William 262 

Masters,  Josiah 262 

Mathews,  Vincent 262 

Matteson,  Orasmus  B 263 

Maurice,  James 2C3 

Maxwell,  Thomas 264 

Mayiuird,  John 264 

McCarthy,  Dennis 248 

McCarty,  Andrew  Z 248 

McCarty,  Richard 248 

McClellan,  Robert 248 

McCord,  Andrew 249 

McDougall,  Alexander 250 

Trie's  can,  James  Badell £51 

McKeon,  John 252 

McKissock,  Thomas 253 

McManus,  William 254 

McV  can,  Charles 255 

Meigs,  Henry 265 

Metcalf,  Arunah 266 

Miller,  John 268 

Miller,  Killian 269 

Miller,  Morris  S 269 

Miller,  Rutger  B 269 

Miller,  Samuel  F 269 

Miller,  William  S 269 

Mitchell,  Charles  F 270 

Mitchell,  Henry 270 

Mitchell,  Samuel  Latham 271 

Moffit,  llosea 271 


Monell,  Robert 271 

Montanya,  J.  D.  L 272 

Moore,  Ely 272 

Morgan,  Christopher 274 

Morgan,  Ed  win  B 274 

Morgan,  Edwin  D 274 

Morgan,  John,  J • 275 

Morris,  Daniel 276 

Morris,  Gouverneur 276 

Morris,  Lewis 277 

Morris,  Thomas 278 

Morrissey,  John 278 

Morse,  O.  A 278 

Moseley,  William  A 279 

Mullin,  Joseph 281 

Mumford,  Gurdon  S 281 

Munroe,  James 282 

Murphy,  Henry  C 282 

Murray,  A  mbrose  S 282 

Murray,  William 282 

Nelson,  Homer  A 283 

Nelson,  William 284 

Nicholson,  John 286 

Nicoll,  Henry 286 

Niven,  Archibald  C 286 

Noble,  William  H 287 

North,  William 287 

Norton,  Ebenezer  F 288 

Oakley,  Thomas  Jackson 289 

Odell,  Moses  F 289 

Ogden,  David  A ; 289 

Olin,  Abraham  B 290 

Oliver,  Andrew 290 

Oliver,  William  M 290 

Page,  Sherman.. 293 

Paine,  Ephraim 293 

Palen,  Rufus : 294 

Palmer,  Beriah 294 

Palmer,  George  W 294 

Palmer,  John 294 

Parker,  Amasa  J 294 

Parker,  John  M 295 

Partridge,  Samuel 296 

Patterson,  John 297 

Patterson,  Thomas  J 297 

Patterson,  Walter 297 

Patterson,  William 297 

Paulding, William.  Jr 297 

Peck,  Jared  V 298 

Peck,  Luther  C 298 

Peckham,  Rufus  W 298 

Peek,  Hermanns 298 

Pelton,  Guy  R 298 

Pendleton,  Edmund  H 299 

Perkins,  Bishop 300 

Petrie,  George 301 

Phelps,  Oliver 302 

Phoenix,  J.  Philips 303 

Pierson,  Jeremiah  H 305 

Pierson  Job 305 

Pitcher,  Nathaniel 307 

Platt,  Jonas 307 

Platt,  Zephaniah 307 

Pomeroy,  Theodore  M 309 

Pond,  Benjamin 309 

Porter,  James 310 

Porter,  Peter  B 310 

Porter,  Timothy  H 310 

Post,  Jotham,  Jr 310 

Pottle,  Emory  B 311 

Powers,  Gershom 311 

Pratt,  Zadock 312 

Prentiss,  John  H 312 

Pringle,  Benjamin 313 

Pruyn,  John  V.  L 314 

Purdy,  Smith  M 314 

Putnam,  Harvey 314 

Radford,  William 315 

Rathbun,  George 318 

Raymond,  Henry  J 318 

Reed,  Edward  C 319 

Reynolds,  Gideon 321 

Reynolds,  John  H 321 

Reynolds,  Joseph 321 

Richards,  John 322 

Richmond,  Jonathan 323 

Riggs,  Lewis 324 

Riker,  Samuel 324 

Ripley,  Thomas  C 324 

Risley,  Elijah » 324 

Robbie,  Reuben 325 

Kobertson,  William  H 326 


INDEX. 


613 


Robinson,  Orville 327 

Robinson,  WilliamE 327 

Rochester,  William  B 327 

Rogers,  Charles 328 

Rogers,  Edward 328 

Roosevelt,  James  1 32!) 

Root,  Erastus  329 

Rose,  Robert  L 329 

Rose,  Huberts 329 

Ross,  Henry  H 330 

Rowe,  iMer 331 

Ruggles,  Charles  H 331 

Runisey,  David,  Jr 331 

Russell,  David 332 

Russell,  Jeremiah 332 

Russell,  John 332 

Russell,  Joseph 332 

Russell,  William  F 332 

Sackett,  William  A 333 

Sage,  Ebenezer 333 

Sage,  Russell 333 

Sailly,  Peter 334 

Summons,  Thomas 334 

Sandford,  John 334 

Sandford,  Jonah 334 

Sands,  Joshua 334 

Sandford,  Nathan 334 

Savage,  John 335 

Schenck,  Abraham  H 336 

Scliermernorn,  Abraham  M » 336 

Schoolcraft,  John  L 337 

Schoonmakcr,  Cornelius  C 337 

Schoonmaker,  Marius 337 

Schunemun,  Martin  G 337 

Schuyler,  Philip 337 

Schuyler,  Philip  J 337 

Scott,  John  Morin 338 

Scudder,  Treadwell 338 

Seaman,  Henry  J 338 

Searing,  John  A 338 

Sedgwick,  C.  B 339 

Seltlen,  Dudley 339 

Selye,  Lewis 339 

Seward,  William  H 341 

Seymour,  David  L 341 

Seymour,  William 341 

Sharpe,  Peter 342 

Sherman,  J.W 344 

Sherman,  Socrates  N 344 

Sherrill,  Eliakim 344 

Sherwood,  Samuel 345 

Shiplierd,  Zebulon  R 345 

Slbley,  Mark  H 346 

Sickles,  Daniel  E 346 

Sickles, Nicholas 346 

Silvester,  Peter 346 

Silvester,  Peter  H 346 

Slingerland,  John  1 349 

Smith,  Albert 350 

Smith,  Edward  Henry 350 

Smith,  Gerritt 350 

Smith,  John 351 

Smith,  Melancthon 352 

Smith,  Williams • 354 

Snow,  William  W 355 

Soule,  Nathan 355 

Spaulding,  Elbridge  G 357 

Spencer,  Ambrose 357 

Spencer,  Elijah 357 

Spencer,  James  B 357 

Spencer,  John  C 357 

Spinner,  Francis  E 358 

Starkweather,  George  A 360 

Stebbins,  Henry  G 361 

Steele,  John  B 361 

Stephens,  Abraham  P 361 

Sterling,  Micah 362 

Stetson,  Lemuel 362 

Stewart,  Thomas  E 364 

St.  John,  Daniel  B 305 

Storrs,  Henry  R 367 

Stow,  Silas 367 

Stower,John  G 367 

Stranahan,  J.  S.  T 367 

Street,  Randalls 368 

Strong,  James, 368 

Strong,  Selah  B 368 

Strong,  Stephen 369 

Strong,  Theron  R 369 

Sutherland,  Josiah 37 

Swart,  Peter 371 

Taber,  Thomas 372 


Tabor,  Stephen '., 372 

Talbot,  Silas 373 

Talhnadge,  Frederick  A 373 

Tallmadge,  James,  Jr 373 

Talhnadge,  NathanielP 373 

Taylor,  Asher 374 

Taylor,  George, 374 

Taylor,  J  ohn  J :j~5 

Taylor,  John  W 375 

Taylor,  Nelson 375 

Taylor,  William 37(5 

Teller,  Isaac 37fl 

Ten  Eyck,  Egbert 376 

Thomas,  David 378 

Thompson,  Joel 380 

Thompson,  John 380 

Thompson,  John 380 

Throop,  Enos  T 381 

Thurman,  John  R 382 

Tibbetts,  George  382 

Titus,  Obadiah 383 

Tomlinson,  Thomas  A...- 383 

Tompkins,  Caleb 383 

Tompkins,  Daniel  D 383 

Townsend,  Dwight 38-t 

Townsend,  George 384 

Townsend,  James 384 

Tracy,  Albert  H 384 

Tracy,  Phineas  L 385 

Tracy,  Uri 385 

Tredwell,  Thomas 385 

Turrell,  Joel y 388 

Tuthill,  Selah 388 

Tweed,  William  M 389 

Tyson,  Jacob 389 

Underbill,  Walter 389 

Vail,  Henry 391 

Valk,  William  W 391 

Van  Aernam,  Henry •  391 

Van  Allen,  James  Q 391 

Van  Allen,  John  E 391 

Van  Buren,  John 391 

Van  Buren,  Martin 391 

Van  Cortlandt,  Philip 392 

Van  Cortlandt,  Pierre,  Jr 3!>2 

Vanderpool,  Aaron 392 

Vander\  eer,  Abraham 392 

Van  Gaasbeck,  Peter 393 

Van  Horn,  Burt 393 

Van  Houton,  Isaac  B 393 

Van  Ness,  John  P 393 

Van  Rcnsselaer,  Henry 393 

Van  Rensselaer,  Jeremiah 393 

Van  Rensselaer,  Solomon 393 

Van  Rensselaer,  Stephen 393 

Van  Rensselaer,  Killian  K 393 

Van  Valkenburgh,  Robert  B 394 

Van  Wyok,  Charles  H 394 

Van  Wyck,  William  W : 394 

Verplanck,  Daniel  C 395 

Verplanck,  Gulian  C 395 

Vibbard,  Chauucey •  395 

Wagner,  Peter  J 397 

Wakeman,  Abraham 397 

Walbridge,  Henry  S 397 

Walbridge,  Hiram 307 

Walden,  Hiram 397 

Walker,  Benjamin 398 

Walker,  William  A 399 

Wall,  William 399 

Walsh,  Mike 400 

Walworth,  Reuben  Hyde 401 

Ward,  Aaron 401 

Ward,  Elijah 401 

Ward,  Hamilton o 402 

Ward,  Jonathan 402 

Wardwell,  Daniel 402 

Warren,  Cornelius 403 

Watson,  James 405 

Watts,  John 405 

Wells,  Alfred 408 

Wells,  John   408 

Wendover,  Peter  H 408 

Westbrook,  Theodoric  R 409 

Westerlo,  Rensselaer 409 

Whallon,  Reuben 409 

Wheaton,  H orace 409 

Wheeler,  Grattan  H 410 

Wheeler,  John 410 

Wheeler,  William  A 410 

White,  Bartow  W 411 

White,  CampbellP 411 


614 


INDEX. 


White,  Hugh 411 

White,  Joseph  L 411 

Whitney,  Thomas  li 412 

Whittemore,  Elias 413 

Whittlesey,  Frederick 41.3 

Wickes,  Eliphalet 413 

Wilder,  A.  Carter 414 

Wilkin,  James  W 414 

Wilkin,  Samuel  J 414 

Williams,  Isaac,  Jr 416 

Williams,  John 416 

Williams,  John 416 

Williams,  Nathan 416 

Willoughby,  Westel,  Jr 418 

Wilson,  Isaac 419 

Wilson,  Nathan 420 

Winfield,  Charles  H 421 

Winter,  Elisha  J 422 

Wisner,  Henry 422 

Wood,  Benjamin 423 

Wood,  Bradford  K ».- 423 

Wood,  Fernando 423 

Wood,  John  J 423 

Wood,  Silas 424 

Woodcock,  David 424 

Woodruff,  Thomas  M 425 

Woods,  William 426 

Wood  worth,  William  W 425 

"VVright,  Silas 427 

Yiites,  Abraham,  Jr 428 

Yates,  John  B 428 

Yates,  Peter  W 429 

Young,  John 429 

IVortli   Carolina. 

Alexander,  Evan 12 

Alexander,  Nathaniel 12 

Alston,  Willis 15 

Alston,  Willis,  Jr 15 

Arrington,  H.  Archibald 20 

Ashe,  John  Baptiste 20 

Ashe,  William  S 21 

Badger,  George  E 23 

Barringer,  Daniel  L , 29 

Uarringer,  Daniel  Moreau 29 

Bethune,  Laughlin '37 

Biggs,  Asa 38 

Blackledge,  William 41 

Blackledge,  William  S 41 

Bloodworth,  Timothy 43 

Blount,  Thomas 43 

Boyden,  Nathaniel 47 

Bragg,  Thomas '. * 49 

Branch,  John 49 

Branch,  Lawrence  O'Brien 49 

Drown,  Bedford 55 

Bryan.JohnH 67 

Bryan,  Joseph  H 57 

Bryan,  Nathan 57 

Bryde,  Archibald  M 58 

Burgess,  Dempsey 60 

Burke,  Thomas 61 

Burton,  Ilutchins  G 63 

Burton,  Kobert 63 

Bynam,  Jesse  A 65 

Caldwell,  Greene  W 66 

Carson.  Samuel  P 71 

Caswell,  Richard 73 

Clark,  James  W 81 

Clark,  HenryS 81 

Clingman,  Thomas  L 86 

Connor,  Henry  W 92 

Craige,  Burton 97 

Crudup,  Josiah 100 

Culpepper,  John 101 

Cumming,  William...  101 

Daniel,  John  R.  J 105 

Davidson,  William 107 

Dawson,  William  J 110 

Deberry,  Edmund 1 12 

Dickens,  Samuel 1 15 

Dixon,  Joseph  Henry 117 

Dobbin,  James  C 118 

Dockery,  A. 118 

Donnefl,  Richard  S 119 

Dudley,  Edward  B 121 

Edwards,  Weldon  N 127 

Fisher,  Charles 138 

Forney,  Daniel  M 142 

Forney,  Peter 142 

Franklin,  J  esse , 145 


Franklin,  Meshack 145 

Gartlin,  Alfred 159 

Gorton,  William..... 151 

Giles,  John 153 

Gillespie,  James 153 

Gilmer,  John  A 154 

Graham,  James 158 

Graham,  William  A 158 

Grove,  William  B 16S'~ 

Hall,  Thomas  H 167 

Harnett,  Cornelius 174 

Hawkins,  Benjamin 179 

Hawkins,  M.  T 179 

Hey  wood,  William  H.,  Jr 180 

Henderson,  Archibald 182 

Hewes,  Joseph 1>~5 

Hill,  John 187 

Hill,  Wliitmill 187 

Hill,  William  H 187 

Hines,  Richard 188 

Holland,  J  ames 191 

Holmes,  Gabriel 191 

Hooks,  Charles 192 

Hooper,  William 193 

Iredell,  James 204 

Johnston,  Charles 212 

Johnston,  Samuel 213 

Jones,  Allen 213 

Jones,  Willie 215 

Kenan ,  Thomas 218 

Kennedy,  William 219 

Kerr.John 219 

Leach,  James  M 233 

Locke,  Francis 241 

Locke,  Matthew 241 

Long,  John 242 

Love,  William  C 243 

Macon,  Nathaniel 247 

Mangum,  Willie  P 256 

Martin,  Alexander 260 

McDowell,  Joseph 250 

McFarlan,  Duncan 250 

McKay,  James  J 251 

McNeil,  Archibald 254 

Mebane,  Alexander 264 

Mitchell,  Anderson 270 

Montgomery,  William 272 

Morehead,  I.  T 274 

Mumford,  George 281 

Murfree,  William  H 282 

Nash,  Abner 283 

Outlaw,  David 292 

Outlaw,  George  C 292 

Owen,  James 292 

Paine,  Robert  T 294 

Pearson,  J oseph 298 

Penn,  John 299 

Pettigrew,  Ebenezer 301 

Pickens,  Israel  (see  Alabama) 304 

Potter,  Robert 311 

Purviance,  Samuel  D 314 

Puryear,  Richard  C 314 

Rayner,  Kenneth 318 

Reade,  Edwin  G 319 

Reid,  David  S 320 

Rencher,  Abraham 321 

Rogers,  Sion  H 328 

Ruffin,  Thomas 331 

Saunrters,  Romulus  M 335 

Sawyer,  Lemuel 335 

Sawyer,  S.  T 336 

Scales,  Alfred  M.,  Jr 336 

Settle,  Thomas 340 

Sevier,  John  (see  Tennessee) 340 

Shadwick,  William 341 

Sharpe,  William 342 

Shepard,  Charles  B 343 

Shepard,  William  B 343 

Shepperd,  Augustus  H 344 

Sitgreaves,  John J 348 

Slocum,  Jesse ••••.  349 

Smith,  James  F 351 

Smith,  William  N.  H 354 

Spaight,  Richard  D 356 

Spaight,  Richard  D 356 

Stanford,  Richard 359 

Stanley,  Kdward 359 

Stanley,  John 359 

,..-. 361 


St 


Joh 


Stewart,  James 364 

Stokes,  Montford 306 

Stone,  David 366 


INDEX. 


615 


Strange,  Robert   367 

Swan,  John 371 

Tate,  Magnus  374 

Tatum,  Absalom  374 

Turner,  Daniel 388 

Turner,  .lames 388 

Vance.  Robert  B 31)2 

Vanoe.  Zebulon  B 392 

Tenable,  Abraham  W 395 

Walker,  Felix 398 

Washington,  William  H 405 

White,  Alexander  7 410 

Williams,  Benjamin 415 

Williams,  J  ohn 416 

Williams,  Lewis 416 

Williams,  Marmaduke 41(5 

Williams,  Robert  417 

Williamson,  Hugh  '••••  418 

Wjuslow,  Warren ,  •  •  •  •  421 

Winston,  Joseph 421 

Wyuns,  Thomas »•  •  428 

Yancey,  Bartlett 428 

Oliio. 

Albright,  Charles  J 11 

Alexander,  James,  Jr 12 

Alexander,  John 12 

Allen,  John  W 13 

Allen,  William 14 

Allen,  William 14 

Andrews,  Sherlock  J 17 

Ashley,  .lames  M 21 

Ball,  Edward  26 

Barber,  Levi 27 

Barrere,  Nelson 28 

Bartley ,  Mordecai 30 

Beall.Rezin ^ 32 

Beatty,  John 33 

Beecher,  Philemon 34 

Bell,  Hiram 34 

Bell,  James  M 34 

Bell,  John 34 

Bingham,  John  A 39 

Blake,  Harrison  G 42 

Bliss,  George 43 

Bliss,  Philemon 43 

Bond,  William  Key 44 

Brinkerholf,  H  enry  R 52 

Brinkerhott',  J  acob 52 

Brown,  Ethan  A 55 

Brush,  Henry 57 

Buckland,  Ralph  P 58 

Bundy,  Hezekiah  S 60 

Burnett,  Jacob 61 

Burns,  Joseph 62 

Busby,  George  H 63 

Cable,  Joseph 65 

Cald well,  James '. 66 

Campbell,  Alexander 68 

Campbell,  John  W 69 

Campbell,  Lewis  D 69 

Canby,  Richard  S 70 

Carey,  John 70 

Cartter,  David  K " 

Cary,  Samuel  F .•  •  •  •    72 

Chambers,  David 74 

Cbaney ,  J  ohn 7(5 

Chase,  Salmon  P 77 

Clarke,  Reader  Wright 82 

Clendenen,  David 85 

Cockerill,  Joseph  R 89 

Coffin,  Charles  G 89 

Cooke,  Eleutheros 93 

Corwin,  Moses  B ®* 

Corwin,  Thomas 95 

Cowen,  BenjaminS 9 

Cox,  Samuel  S 96 

Crane,  Joseph  H 97 

Creighton,  William 99 

Crowell,  John 100 

Cummins,  John  D 101 

Cunningham,  Francis  A 101 

Cutler,  William  P 103 

Davenport,  John 107 

Day,  Timothy  C 110 

Dean,  Ezra 11 

Delano,  Columbus 11 

Dickinson,  Kudolphus 116 

Disney,  David  T 116 

Doaue,  William 118 


Duncan,  Alexander 121 

Duncan,  Daniel 121 

Eckley,  EphraimK..' 124 

Edgerton,  Alfred  P 125 

Edgerton,  Sidney 125 

Edwards,  Thomas  O l-'7 

Eggleston,  Benjamin 127 

Elliston,  A ndrew 128 

Emrie,  J.  Reece '. . .  130 

Evans,  Nathan 132 

Ewing,  Thomas 133 

Faran,  James  J 133 

Fearing,  Paul 134 

Finck,  William  E 138 

Findlay,  James 138 

Fisher,  David 138 

Florence,  Elias 140 

Fries,  George : 147 

Galloway,  Samuel 149 

Garh'eld,  James  A 150 

Gaylord,  James  M 151 

Gazley,  James  W 151 

Giddings,  Joshua  R 152 

Goode,  Patrick  G 156 

Goodenovv,  John  M.., 156 

Green,  Frederick  W 160 

Griswold,  Stanley 163 

Groesbeck,  William  S 163 

Gurley,  John  A 164 

Hall,  Lawrence  W 1(57 

Hamer,  Thomas  L 108 

Hamilton,  Cornelius  S 169 

Hamlin,  Edward  S 169 

Harlan,  Aaron 173 

Harper,  Alexander 174 

Harrison,  John  S 176 

Harrison,  Richard  A , 176 

Harrison,  William  Henry 17(5 

Hastings,  John 178 

Hayes,  Rutherford  B 180 

Helmick.  William 181 

Herrick,  Samuel 185 

Hitchcock,  Peter 188 

Hoagland,  Moses —  188 

Horton,  Valentine  B 194 

Howard,  William 197 

Howell,  Elias 197 

Hubbell,  James  R 199 

Hunter,  William  F. 202 

Hunter,  William  H 203 

Hutohins,  John 203 

Hutchins,  Wells  A 203 

Iririn,  William  W 204 

Jennings,  David 209 

Johnson,  Harvey  H 210 

Johnson,  John 211 


Johnson,  1'erley  B 211 

Johnson,  VVilliam 212 

Jones,  Benjamin 213 

Kenuon,  William 219 

Kerr,  Joseph 220 

Kilbourn,  J ames 221 

Kilgore,  Daniel  221 

226 


Lah 


Lawrence,  VVilliam 231 

Lawrence,  William 232 

Leadbetter,  D.T • *33 

Leavitt,  Humphrey  H 233 

Le  Blond,  Francis  C 233 

Leiter,  Benjamin  F 235 

Lindsley,  William  D 231 

Long,  Alexandria 242 

Lytle, Robert  T 240 

Martin,  Charles  D 2(50 

M  ason,  Samson 262 

Mathews,  James 262 

Mathiot,  Joshua 263 

McArthur,  Duncan 247 

McC'auslen,  William  C 248 

Ale  Kinney,  John  F 253 

McLean,  John 254 

McLean,  William 254 

McLene,  Jeremiah 254 

Medill,  William 264 

Meigs,  Return  J 265 

Miller.John  K 2(i'J 

Miller,  J  oseph 2(i<J 

Mitchell,  Robert 27 1 

Moore,  Heman  A • 2?.'l 

Moore,  Oscar  F 273 

Morgan,  George  W &* 


616 


INDEX. 


Morris,  Calvary 276 

Morris,  James  R 277 

Morris,  Jonathan  D 277 

Morris,  Joseph 277 

Morris^Thomas 278 

Morrow,  Jeremiah ' 278 

Mott,  Richard 280 

Huhlenbery,  Frauds  Samuel 280 

Mungeu,  William 281 

Newton,  Eben 285 

Nicholas,  Matthias  H 286 

Noble,  Warren  1' 287 

N  u gen ,  Robert  H 288 

Olds,  Edson  B 290 

O'Neill,  John : 290 

Fairish,  Isaac a 296 

Patterson,  John r.., 297 

Patterson,  William 297 

Pendletori,  George  II 299 

Pendleton,  Nathaniel  Greene 299 

Perrill,  Augustus  L 300 

Plants,  Tobias  A 307 

Potter,  Emery  D 310 

Pugh,  Gwrge  Ellis 314 

Riddle,  Albert  G 323 

Ridgway,  Joseph 324 

Ititchey ,  Thomas 324 

Root,  Joseph  M 329 

Ruggles,  Benjamin 331 

Russell,  William 332 

Sapp,  William  R 335 

Sawyer,  William 336 

Schenck,  Robert  C 336 

Shannon,  Thomas 342 

Shannon,  Wilson i 342 

Shellabarger,  Samuel 343 

Sheplor,  Matthias 344 

Sherman,  John 344 

Shields,  J ames 345 

Sloane,  John 349 

Sloane,  Jonathan 349 

Smith,  John 352 

Spaulding,  Rul'us  Paine 356 

Spangler,  David 357 

Stanberry,  William 359 

Stanton,  Benjamin 359 

Starkweather,  David  A 3G» 

St.  John,  Henry 365 

Stokely,  Samuel 366 

Stone,  Alfred  P 366 

Storer,  Bellamy 367 

Stuart,  Andrew 369 

Swearingen,  Henry 371 

Sweeny,  George 372 

Sweetzer,  Charles 372 

Tappan,  Benjamin 374 

Taylor,  John  L 375 

Taylor,  Jonathan 375 

Theaker,  Thomas  C 378 

Thomson,  John 381 

Thurman,  Allen  G 382 

Tiffin,  Edward 382 

Tilden,  Daniel  R 382 

Tomkins,  Cydnor  B 883 

Townsend,  N.  S 384 

Trimble,  Cary  A 386 

Trimble,  Wil'lium  A 386 

Vallandigham,  Clement  L 391 

Vance,  J osepli 392 

Van  Metre,  John  J 393 

Van  Trump,  Philadelph 394 

Vinton,  Samuel  F 396 

Wade,  Benjamin  F 396 

Wade,  Edward 396 

Watson,  Cooper  K 405 

Webster,  Taylor 407 

Welch,  John 407 

Welker,  Martin 407 

Weller,  JohnB 408 

White,  Cliilton  A , 411 

White,  Joseph  W 412 

WhiUlesey,  Elisha 413 

Whittlesey,  William  A 413 

Wilson,  John  T 420 

Wilson,  William 421 

Wood,  Amos  E 423 

Woods,  John 425 

Worcester,  Samuel  T 425 

Wortliington,  Thomas 426 

Wright,  JolmC 426 


Oregon. 

Corbett,  Henry  W  .............................    94 

Grover,  Lafayette  .............................  163 

Harding,  Benjamin  F  ..........................  172 

Henderson,  John  H.  D  ........................  182 

Lane,  Joseph  ..................................  228 

Mallory,  Rufus  ................................  256 

McBride,  John  R  ..............................  248 

Nesmith,  James  W  ............................  284 

Sliiel,  George  K  ...............  .*!  ...............  345 

Smith,  Delazno  .........................  „  .....  350 

Stark,  Benjamin  ........................  .  .  .....  360 

Stout,  Lansing  .................................  367 

Thurston,  Samuel  B  ...........................  382 

Williams,  George  H  ...........................  415 


Addams,  William  ..............................  11 

Ahl,  John  A  ...................................  11 

Allen,  Andrew  .................................  12 

Allison,  James  .................................  14 

Allison,  John  ..................................  14 

Allison,  Robert  ................................  14 

Ancona,  Sy  den  hum  £  ..........................  15 

Anderson,  Isaac  ...............................  16 

Anderson,  Samuel  .............................  16 

Anderson,  William  ............................  17 

Anthony,  Joseph  B  ............................  18 

Armstrong,  James  .............................  19 

Ash,  Michael  W  ...............................  20 

At  Lee,  Samuel  John  ..........................  22 

Babbitt,  Elijah  .................................  23 

Baily,  Joseph  ..................................  24 

Baldwin,  Henry  ................................  25 

Banks,  John  ...................................  26 

Barclay,  David  .................................  27 

Bard,  David  ....................................  27 

Barker,  Abraham  A  ...........................  27 

Barlow,  Stephen  ...............................  28 

Barnard,  Isaac  D  ...........................  .  .  28 

Barnitz,  Charles  A  .............................  28 

Bayard,  John  ..................................  31 

Beatty,  William  ____  ,  ..........................  33 

Beaumont,  Andrew  ............................  33 

Beeson,  Henry  W  ..............................  34 

Bibighaus,  Thomas  M  ..........................  37 

Biddle,  Charles  John  ..........................  37 

Biddle,  Edward  ...............................  38 

Biddle,  Richard  ................................  38 

Bidlack,  Benjamin  A  ...........................  38 

Bigler,  William  ................................  39 

Bingham,  William  .............................  39 

Binney,  Horace  ................................  39 

Black,  Henry  ..................................  40 

Black,  James  ..................................  40 

Blair,  Samuel  S  ................................  41 

Blanchard,  John  ...............................  42 

Boden,  Alexander  .............................  44 

Boude,  Thomas  ................................  45 

Boudinot,  Elias  ................................  45 

Boyer,  Benjamin  M  ............................  48 

Bradshaw,  Samuel  C  ...........................  49 

Brady,  Jasper  E  ...............................  49 

Breck,  Samuel  .......  ;  .........................  60 

Bridges,  Samuel  A  .............................  51 

Brodhead,  Richard  .............................  53 

Broom,  Jacob  ...........................  .  ......  54 

Broomall,  John  M  .............................  54 

Brown,  Charles  ................................  65 

Brown,  Jeremiah  .............................  55 

Brown,  John  ..................................  56 

Brown,  Robert  ................................  56 

Buchanan,  Andrew  ...........................  58 

Buchanan,  James  ..............................  68 

Bucher,  John  C  ................................  58 

Buckalew,  Charles  R  ...........................  58 

Buffinglon,  Joseph  .............................  59 

Burd,  George  ..................................  60 

Burnside,  Thomas  .............................  62 

Butler,  Chester  ................................  64 

Cadwalader,  John  .............................  65 

Cadwallader,  Lambert  .........................  66 

Cake,  Henry  L  .................................  66 

Calvin,  Samuel  ................................  67 

Cameron,  Simon  ...............................  68 

Campbell,  James  H  ............................  68 

Campbell,  John  H  .............................  69 

Casey,  Joseph  ................................  72 


INDEX. 


617 


Chambers,  George 75 

Chandler,  Joseph  R 75 

Chapman,  Henry... 76 

Chapman,  John 76 

Clark,  M>.  S 81 

Clark,  William 82 

Clarkson,  Matthew 83 

Clay,  J  osepli 84 

Clingan,  William 86 

Clymer,  George 87 

ColFroth,  Alexander  H 89 

Conrad,  Frederick 92 

Conrad,  John 92 

Cooper,  James 93 

Cooper,  Thomas  B 94 

Coulter,  Richard 95 

Covode,  J  ohn 95 

Cowan,  Edgar 95 

Crawford,  Thomas  H 98 

Crawford,  William 98 

Crouch,  Edward 100 

Culver,  Charles  Vernon 101 

Curtis,  Carltou  B 101 

Dallas,  George  Mifflin 104 

Danner,  W.  B 105 

Darlington,  Edward 106 

Darlington,  Isaac 106 

Darlington,  William 106 

Darragh,  Cornelius 108 

Davies,  Edward 107 

Davis,  John 108 

Davis,  Roger 109 

Davis,  William  M 109 

Dawson,  John  L 110 

Denison,  Charles 113 

Denuison,  George 113 

Denny,  Harmer 1 13 

Dewart,  Lewis , 114 

Dewart,  William  L 114 

Dick,  John 114 

Dickey,  Jesse  C 115 

Dickey,  John 115 

Dickinson,  John  (see  Delaware) 115 

Dimmick,  Milo  M 116 

Dimmick,  William  H 116 

Dimock,  Davis,  Jr 116 

Drum,  Augustus 121 

Eckert,  George  N 124 

Edie,  John  li 125 

Edwards,  John 126 

Edwards,  Samuel 126 

Ege,  George 127 

Ellis,  William  C 128 

Erdman,  Jacob 130 

Evans,  J  oshua 131 

Everhart,  William 132 

E wing,  John  H 133 

Farrelly,  John  W 133 

Farrelly,  Patrick 133 

Findlay,  John 138 

Findlay,  William 138 

Findley,  William 138 

Finney,  Darwin  A 138 

Fitzsimons,  Thomas 139 

Florence,  Thomas  B 140 

Ford,  J  ames 142 

Fornance,  Joseph 142 

Forrest,  Thomas 142 

Forward,  Chauncey  ~M2 

Forward,  Walter 143 

Foster,Henry  D 143 

Franklin,  Benjamin 145 

Freedley,  .John 145 

Frey,  Joseph 147 

Frick,  Henry 147 

Fry,  Jacob,  Jr 147 

Fuller,  George 147 

Fuller,  Henry  M 147 

Fullerton,  David 148 

Galbraith,  John 148 

Gallatin,  Albert 149 

Galloway,  Joseph 149 

Gamble,  James 149 

Gardner,  J  oseph 150 

Garvin,  William  S 151 

Gerry,  James 152 

Getz,  J.  Lawrence 152 

Gillie,  James  L 154 

Gilmore,  Alfred 155 

Gilmore,  John 155 

Glasgow,  Hugh 155 

Glomnger,  J  ohn 155 


Glossbrenner,  Adam  J 155 

Green,  Innis , 160 

Gregg,  Andrew ,...  1C1 

Griffin,  Isaac 162 

Gross,  Samuel 163 

Grow,  Galnsha  A 164 

Gustine,  Amos 164 

Hahn,  John 165 

Hale,  James  T 166 

Hall,  Chapin 166 

Hamilton,  John 169 

Hammond,  Robert  H 170 

Hampton,  Moses 170 

Hand,  Edward  171 

Hanna,  John  A 171 

Harper,  Francis  J 174 

Harper,  James 174 

Harris,  Robert 175 

Harrison,  S.  S 176 

Hartley,  Thomas 177 

Hays,  Samuel  L 180 

Heister,  Daniel 181 

Heister,  Daniel 181 

Heister,  John 181 

Heister,  Joseph 181 

Heister,  William 181 

Hemphill,  Joseph 182 

Henderson,  Joseph 182 

Henderson,  Samuel 183 

Henry,  Thomas 184 

Henry,  William 184 

Hibshman,  Jacob 185 

Hickman,  John 185 

Hiester,  Isaac  Ellmaker 18ft 

Hill,  Thomas 187 

Hoge,  John 190 

Hoge,  William 190 

Hookj  Enos 192 

Hopkinson,  Joseph 194 

Horn,  Henry 194 

Hornbeck,  JohnW 194 

Hostetter,  Jacob 194 

Howe,  John  W 197 

.Howe,  Thomas  M 197 

Hubley,  Edward  B..... 199 

Humphreys,  Charles 200 

Humphreys,  Jacob 200 

Hyneman,  John  M 203 

Jhrie,  Peter 203 

Ingersoll,  Charles  J 203 

Ingersoll ,  Jared 204 

Ingersoll,  Joseph  R 204 

Ingham,  Samuel  D 204 

Irvin,  Alexander 204 

Irvin,  James 204 

Irvine,  William 204 

Irwin,  Jared 205 

Irwin,  Thomas 205 

Irwin,  William  W 205 

Jack,  William 205 

Jackson,  David 206 

Jacobs,  Israel ; 207 

James,  Francis 207 

Jenkins,  Robert 209 

Jenks,  Michael  H 209 

Johnson,  Philip 211 

Jones,  J.  Glancy 213 

Jones,  Owen 214 

Jones,  William 215 

Junkin  Benjamin  T 215 

Keim,  George  May 216 

Keim,  William  H 216 

Kelly,  William  D 217 

Kelly,  James 217 

Kerr,  John 219 

Killinger,  John  W 221 

King,  Henry 222 

Kittera,  John  W 224 

Kittera,  Thomas    224 

Klingensmith,  John,  Jr 224 

Knight,  Jonathan 225 

Koontz,  William  H 226 

Krebs,Jacob 226 

Kremer,  George 226 

Kuhns,  Joseph  H 226 

Kunkel,  JohnC 226 

Kurtz,  William  H 226 

Lacock,  Abner 226 

Landy,  James 227 

Laporte,  John .' 229 

Lawrence,  George  V... 231 

Lawrence,  Joseph 231 


618 


INDEX. 


Lazear,  Jesse 232 

Leet,  Isaac 235 

Lefevre,  Joseph 235 

Lehman,  William  E 235 

Leib,  Michael 236 

Leib,  OwenD 236 

Leidy ,  Pau  1 2:}6 

Leiper,  George  G 236 

Levin,  Lewis  C 237 

Lbgan,  George 241 

Logan,  Henry 241 

Longnecker,  Henry  C 242 

Lower,  Christian 244 

Lowrie,  Walter 244 

Lucas,  John  B.  C 244 

Lyle,  Aaron 245 

Maclanuhan,  James  X 247 

Maclay,  Samuel 247 

Maclay,  William 247 

Maclay,  William 247 

Maclay,  William  P 247 

Mann,  Job 257 

Mann,  Joel  K 257 

Marchand,  Albert  G 257 

Marchand,  David 257 

Markley,  Philip  S 258 

Marks,  William 258 

Marr,  Alem 258 

Matlack,  Timothy f 263 

McAllister,  Archibald 247 

McClean,  Moses 248 

McClenachan,  Blair 248 

McClene,  James 248 

McCoy,  Robert 249 

McCreedy,  William 249 

McCulloch, George 249 

McCulloch,  John 249 

McCulloch,  Thomas  G 249 

Mcllvaine,  Abraham  R 251 

MeKean,  Samuel 252 

McKennan,  Thomas  M.  T '.. 252 

McKenty,  Jacob  K - 252 

McKnig'ht,  Robert , 253 

McNair,  John 254 

McPherson,  Edward 254 

McSherry,  James 255 

Mercur,  Ulysses 266 

Meredith,  Samuel 266 

Middleswarth,  Ner 267 

Mifflin,  Thomas 267 

Miller,  Daniel  H 268 

Miller,  George  F 208 

Miller,  Jesse 268 

Miller,  William  H 269 

Millvvard,  John 270 

Mill  ward,  William 270 

Milnor,  James 270 

Milnor,  William 270 

Miner,  Charles 270 

Mitciiell,  James  S 270 

Mitchell,  John 270 

Montgomery,  Daniel,  Jr 272 

Montgomery,  John  G 272 

-  '272 


Montgomery,  Joseph. 
Montgomery,  William 


272 


Monlgomery,  William 272 

Moore,  Henry  D 272 

Moore,  Robert '. 273 

Moore,  Samuel 273 

Moorehead,  James  Kennedy 273 

Morrell,  Daniel  J 275 

Morris,  Charles 276 

Morris,  Edward  Joy 276 

Morris,  Mathias. 277 

Morris,  Robert 277 

Morris,  Samuel  W 277 

Morrison,  John  A 278 

Morton,  John 279 

Muhlenberg,  Frederick  Augustus 280 

Muhlenbcrg,  Henry  Augustus 280 

Muhlenberg,  Henry  Augustus 281 

Muhlenberg,  John  Peter  Gabriel 281 

Murray,  John  282 

Murray,  Thomas 282 

Myers,  Amos 282 

Myers,  Leonard 283 

Naylor,  Charles 283 

Nes,  Henry 284 

Newhard,  Peter 285 

Ogle,  Alexander 289 

Ogle,  Andrew  J 289 

Ogle,  Charles 289 


O'Neill,  Charles  ...............................  290 

Orr,  Robert  ....................................  291 

Packer,  A  sa  ...................................  293 

Parker,  Andrew  ...............................  295 

Patterson,  Thomas  ...........................  297 

Patton,  John  ..................................  297 

Pawling,  L 


297 
Paynter,  Lemuel  ..............................  yjs 

Pearce,  John  J  ................................  298 

Peters,  Richard  ..............................  .  .  300 

Pettit,  Charles  .................................  301 

Petriken,  David  ...............................  301 

Phillips,  Henry  M  .............................  303 

Phillips,  John  .......  .  .........................  303 

Philson,  Robert  ................................  303 

Piper,  William  ...................  ,  ............  306 

Pitman,  Charles  W  .............................  307 

Plumer,  Arnold.  ...............................  307 

Plumer,  George  ...............................  307 

Pollock,  James  ................................  308 

Porter,  John  ..................................  310 

Potter,  William  W  ...........  :  .................  311 

Potts,  David,  Jr  ........................  .  ......  311 

Pugh  ,  Job  n  ....................................  314 

Purviance,  Samuel  A  ..........................  314 

Ramsay,  Robert  ...............................  316 

Ramsey,  William  ..............................  316 

Ramsey,  William  S  ............................  316 

Randall,  Samuel  J  .............................  316 

Rea,  John  ........................  r  ............  318 

Read,  Almon  H  ................................  318 

Read,  J  ........................................  319 

Reed,  Charles  M  ...............................  319 

Reed,  Joseph  ..................................  320 

Reed,  Robert  R  ................................  320 

Reilly,  Wilson  .................................  320 

Reily",  Luther  ..................................  320 

Rhodes,  Samuel  ...............................  321 

Richards,  Jacob  ...............................  322 

Richards,  John  .....  ...........................  322 

Itichards,  Matthias  ............................  3','2 

Ritchie.  David  ................................  324 

Hitter,  John  ...................................  324 

Robbins,  John,  Jr  .............................  325 

Robcrdeau,  Daniel  ............................  325 

Roberts,  Anthony  E  ...................  .  .......  325 

Roberts,  Jonathan  .............................  326 

Robison,  David  F  ..............  ................  327 

Rodman,  William  .............................  327 

Rogers,  Thomas  J  .............................  328 

Ross,  George  ..................................  330 

Ross,  James  ..................................  330 

Ross,  John  ....................................  330 

Ross,  Thomas  .................................  330 

Ross,  Thomas  R.  ...  ...........................  330 

Rush,  Benjamin  ...................  .  ...........  332 

Russell,  James  M  ..............................  332 

Russell,  L.  Samuel  ............................  332 

Say,  Benjamin  .  .  .  ..............................  336 

Sch  warts,  John  ................................  337 

Scofield,  Glenni  W  ................  '  .............  337 

Scott,  John  ....................................  338 

Scott,  Thomas.  ...  ............................  ^  333 

Scranton,  George  W  ...........................  338 

Searle,  James  ..................................  338 

340 
341 
343 
345 
346 
347 
348 
348 
349 
350 
351 
351 
352 
352 
353 
353 
353 
353 
355 
357 
360 
362 
362 
362 
363 
363 
304 


Sergeant,  John. 
Seybert,  Adam  . 
Shefl'er,  Daniel 


Shippen,  William 

Sill,  Thomas  H 

Simonton,  William.. 
Sitgreaves,  Samuel. . . 
Slaymaker,  Amos. . . , 


Smilie,  John. 


Smith,  George 

Smith,  Isaac 

Smith,  James 

Smith,  JohnT 

Smith,  Jonathan  B. 

Smith,  Samuel 

Smith,  Samuel  A... 

Smith,  Thomas 

Smith,  Thomas.... 
Snyder,  John. 


Spangler,  Jacob 

St.  flair,. 


.  Arthur. , 

Stephens,  Philander. 
Stephenson,  James  S. 

Sterigere,  John  B 

Stevens,  Thaddeus... 
Stewart,  Andrew.... 
Stewart,  John 


INDEX. 


619 


Stewart,  William v 

Stiles,  John  D 

Straub,  Christian  31 

Strohm,  .John , 

Strong,  William , 

Strouse,  31  yer 

Sturgeon,  Daniel , 

Sutherland,  Joel  B 

Swannick,  John 

Tanuehill,  Adamson 

Tarr,  Christian 

Taylor,  Caleb  N 

vTaylor,  George 

Thayer,  M.  Russell 

Thomas,  Richard 

Thompson,  James 

Thomson,  Alexander • 

Todd,  John 

Todd,  Lemuel 

Toland,  George  W 

Tracy,  H.  W 

Trout,  Michael  C 

Tyson,  Job  It 

Udree,  Daniel 

Van  Auken,  Dennis  M 

Van  Home,  Espy 

Van  Home,  Isaac 

Verree,  John  P 

Wagener,  D.  D  

Wallace,  James  51 

Wallace,  John  W 1 

Wain,  Robert 

Watmough,  John  G 

Wayne,  Isaac 

Westbrook,  John 

White,  Allison 

Whitehill,  James 

Whitehill,  John 

Whitehill,  Robert 

Whiteside,  John 

Wilkins,  William '. 

Williams,  Thomas 

Willing,  Thomas 

Wilmot,  David 

Wilson,  Henry 

Wilson,  James 

Wilson,  J ames 

Wilson,  Stephen  F 

Wilson,  Thomas 

Wilson,  William 

Witte,  William  H 

Wolf,  George 

Wood,  John 

Woods,  J  ohn 

Woodward,  George  W 

Worman,  Ludwig 

Wright,  Hendrick  B 

Wurtz,  John 

Wynkoop,  Henry 

Yost,  Jacob  S 


11 1 10  tie  Island. 


,  364 
,  364 
,  308 
,  368 
,  3fi9 
,  309 
,  376 
371 
,  371 
374 
,  374 
374 
374 
378 
379 
'  380 
381 
383 
383 
383 
384 
386 
389 
390 
391 
393 
393 
395 
397 
400 
400 
400 
405 
405 
409 
411 
412 
412 
412 
412 
414 
417 
418 
418 
419 
419 
419 
420 
420 
421 
422 
423 
423 
425 
425 
425 
426 
428 
428 
429 


Allen,  Philip 13 

Anthony,  Henry  B 17 

Arnold,  J onathan 20 

Arnold,  Lemuel  H 20 

Arnold,  Peleg 20 

Arnold,  Samuel  G 20 

Baker,  Caleb 24 

Boss,  John  L 45 

Bourne,  Benjamin 46 

Bradford,  William 48 

Brayton,  William  D 50 

Brown,  John 56 

Browne,  George  H 56 

Burgess,  Tristam 60 

Burrill,  James 63 

Chatnplin,  Christopher  G 75 

Clarke,  John  H 82 

Collins,  John 90 

Cornell,  Ezekiel 94 

Cranston,  Henry  Y 97 

Cranston,  Robert  B 97 

Davis,  Thomas 109 

De  Wolfe,  James 114 


Dixon,  Nathan  F. 
Dixon,  Nathan  F. 

Durfee,  Job 

Durfee,  Nathaniel  B.. 

Eddy,  Samuel 

Ellery,  Christopher... 


117 
117 
122 
123 
124 
128 


Ellery,  William 128 

Fenner,  James 135 

Foster,  Theodore 144 

Francis,  John  B 145 

Greene,  Albert  C 160 

Greene,  Ray 160 

Hazard,  Jonathan 180 

Hazard,  Nathaniel 180 

Hopkins,  Stephen 193 

Howell,  David 197 

Howell,  Jeremiah  B 197 

Rowland,  Benjamin 197 

Hunter,  William 202 

Jackson,  Richard,  Jr 206 

James,  Charles  T 207 

Jenckes,  Thomas  A 208 

King,  George  G 222 

Knight,  Nehemiah 225 

Knight,  Nehemiah  R 225 

Malbone,  Francis 256 

Manning,  James 257 

Marchant,  Henry 257 

Mason,  James  B 261 

Mathewson,  Elisha ' 263 

Miller,Nathan  269 

Mowry,  Daniel,  Jr 280 

Pearce,  Dutee  J 298 

Potter,  Elisha  R 310 

Potter,  Elisha,  R.,  Jr 310 

Potter,  Samuel  J 311 

Robbins>,  Asher 325 

Robinson,  Christopher 326 

Shaw,  Henry  M 342 

Sheffield,  William  P 343 

Simmons,  James  F 346 

Sprague,  William 358 

Sprague,  William 358 

Stanton ,  Joseph 360 

Thurston,  Benjamin  B 382 

Tillinghast,  Joseph  L .' 382 

Tillinghast,  Thomas 382 

Varnum,  James  M 394 

Ward,  Samuel 402 

Wilbur,  Isaac 414 

SoTitli  Carolina. 

Aiken,  William 11 

Alston,  Lemuel  J /    15 

Ashmore,  John  D 21 

Barnwell,  Robert 28 

Barnwell,  R.  W 28 

Bee,  Thomas 34 

Bellinger,  Joseph 35 

Benton,  Samuel 36 

Bercsford,  Richard 36 

Black,  James  A 40 

I  l:iir,  James 41 

Bonham,  Milledge  L 44 

Boyce,  William  W 47 

Brevard,  James 51 

Brooks,  Preston  S 54 

Bull,  John. (9 

Burke,  Edanus 60 

Burt,  Armstead 63 

Butler,  Andrew  Pickens 63 

Butler,  Pierce 64 

Butler,  Samson  H C4 

Butler,  William 64 

Butler,  William 65 

Caldwell,  Patrick  C 66 

Calhoun,  John  C 66 

Calhoun,  John  E C7 

Calhoun,  Joseph 67 

Campbell,  John 69 

Campbell,  RobertB. 69 

Campbell,  Thomas  F 69 

Carter,  John 7 

Casey,  Levi 72 

Chappell,  John  J 77 

Chestnut,  James,  Jr 78 

Cheves,  Langdon 78 

Clowney,  W.  K 87 

Colcock,  William  F 89 

Davis,  Warren  R 109 

De  Saussure,  William  F 114 

Drayton,  William 120 

Dravton,  William  Henry 120 

Earie,  Elias 123 

Earle,  John  B 123 

Earle,  Samuel 12 

Elmore,  Franklin  Harper 129 


620 


INDEX. 


Ervin,  James 130 

Evans,  David  R 131 

Evans,  Josiah,  Jr 131 

Eveleigh,  Nicholas 132 

Farrow,  Samuel 134 

i  Felder,  John  M 135 

Gadsden,  Christopher 148 

Gaillard,  John 148 

Gervais,  John  L 152 

Gillon,  Alexander 154 

Gist,  Joseph 155 

Gourdin,  Theodore 158 

Govan,  A.  R 158 

Grayson,  William  J 159 

Griffin,  John  K 102 

Hammond,  James  H 170 

Hampton,  Wade 171 

Harper,  William 174 

Hayne,  Arthur  P 180 

Hayne,  Robert  Y 180 

Heyward,  Thomas 185 

Holmes,  Isaac  E 192 

Huger,  Benjamin 199 

Huger,  Daniel 199 

Huger,  Daniel  Elliot 199 

Hunter,  John 201 

Hutson,  Richard , 203 

Izard,  Ralph 205 

Kean,  John 218 

Keitt,  Lawrence  M 217 

Kershaw,  John ". 220 

Kinloch,  Francis 223 

Laurens,  Henry » . . . ! 230 

Legare,  Hugh  Swinton 235 

Lowndes,  Thomas 244 

Lowndes,  William 244 

Lynch,  Thomas 245 

Lynch,  Thomas,  Jr 245 

Manning,  Richard  I...* 257 

Marion,  Robert 258 

Martin,  William  D 261 

Matthews,  John 263 

Mayrant,  William 264 

McCreary,  John 249 

McDuffie,  George 250 

McQueen,  John 254 

McReady,  James 255 

Middleton,  Arthur 267 

Middleton,  Henry 267 

Middleton,  Henry 267 

Mjles,  W.  Porcher 267 

Miller,  Stephen  D....' 269 

Mitchell,  Thomas  R 271 

Moore,  Thomas 273 

Motte,  Isaac.. 280 

Nesbitt,  Wilson 284 

Nott,  Abraham 288 

Nuckolls,  William  C ' 288 

Orr,  James  L 291 

Overstreet,  James 292 

Parker,  John 295 

Pickens,  Andrew 304 

Pickens,  Francis  W 304 

Pinckney ,  Charles 306 

Pinckney,  H.L 308 

Pinckney,  Thomas 306 

Poinsett,  Joel  R 308 

Preston,  William  C 313 

Ramsay,  David 315 

Read,  Jacob , 319 

Rhett,  Robert  Barnwell 321 

Richardson,  John  P 323 

Richardson,  John  S 323 

Rogers,  James 328 

Rutledge,  Edward 333 

Rutledge,  John 333 

Simkins,  Eldred 346 

Simpson,  Richard  F 347 

Sims,  Alexander  D 347 

Singleton,  Thomas  D 347 

Smith,  William 354 

Smith,  William 354 

Sumter,  Thomas 371 

Sumter,  Thomas  D 371 

Taylor,  John 375 

Thompson,  Waddy 381 

Trapier,  Paul 385 

Tucker,  Starling 387 

Tucker,  Thomas  T 388 

Wallace,  Daniel 400 

Williams,  David  R 415 

Wilson,  John 420 


Witherspoon,  Robert 422 

Woodward,  Joseph  A 425 

Woodward,  William 425 

Wynn,  Richard 428 

Tennessee. 

Adams,  George  M 10 

Alexander,  Adam  R 12 

Allen,  Robert 13 

Anderson,  Alexander 15 

Anderson,  Joseph 10 

Anderson,  Joseph  M 16 

Arnell.S.M 19 

Arnold,  Thomas  D 20 

Ashe,  John  B 20 

Atkins,  John  D.  C 22 

Avery,  William  T 22 

Barrow,  Washington 29 

Bell,  John 34 

Blackwell,  Julius  W 41 

Blair,  John 41 

Blount,  William 43 

Blount,  William  G 43 

Bowen,  John  H 46 

Brabson,  Reese  B 48 

Bridges,  George  W 51 

Brown,  Aaron  V 54 

Brown,  Milton    56 

Bryan,  Henry  H 57 

Bugg,  Robert  M 59 

Bunch,  Samuel 60 

Butler,  R.  R 64 

Campbell,  Brookins 68 

Campbell,  George  W 68 

Campbell,  Thomas  J 69 

Campbell,  William  B C9 

Cannon,  Newton 70 

Carter,  William  B 72 

Caruthers,  Robert  L. 72 

Chase,  Lucien  B 77 

Cheatham,  Richard 73 

Churchwell,  William  M 80 

Claiborne,  Thomas 80 

Claiborne,  William  C.  C.  (see  Louisiana) 80 

Clements,  Andrew  J 85 

Cocke,  John SS 

Cocke,  William 88 

Cocke,  William  M 89 

Cooper,  Edmund 93 

Crockett,  David 100 

Crockett,  John  W 100 

Crozier,  John  H 100 

Cullom,  Al van 101 

Cullom,  William 101 

Desha,  Robert 114 

Dickinson,  David  W 115 

Dickson,  William 116 

Dunlap,  William  C 122 

Eaton,  John  H 124 

Etheridge,  Emerson 131 

Ewing,  Andrew : 133 

Ewing,  Edwin  H 133 

Fitzgerald,  William 139 

Forrester,  John  B 142 

Foster,  Ephraim  H 143 

Fowler,  J.  S 144 

Gentry,  Meredith  P 152 

Grundy,  Felix 164 

Hall,  William 168 

Harris,  Isham  G 175 

Harris,  Thomas  K 175 

Haskell,  William  T 177 

Hatton,  Robert i~8 

Hawkins,  Isaac  R 179 

Henderson,  Bennett  H 182 

Hill,  Hugh  L.  W 186 

Hogg,  Samuel 190 

Humphreys,  Perry  W.   200 

Huntsman,  Adam 203 

Inge.William  M 203 

Isacks,  Jacob  C 205 

Jackson,  Andrew 205 

«j  arnagin,  Spencer 207 

Johnson,  Andrew 209 

Johnson,  Care 210 

Jones,  Francis 213 

Jones,  George  W 213 

Jones,  James  C 213 

Loa,  Luke 232 

Lea,  Pryor 232 

Leftwitch,  John  W 235 


INDEX. 


621 


Marable,  John  H 257 

Blarr,  George  VV.  L 258 

Martin,  Barclay 260 

Maury,  Abraham  I' 263 

Maynard,  Horace 264 

McClellan,  Abraham 248 

McKce,  John 252 

Miller,  Pleasant  M 269 

Mitchell,  James  0 270 

Mullins,  James 281 

Nelson,  Thomas  A.  R 284 

Nicholson,  Alfred  O.  P 280 

iS'unn,  David  A 288 

Patterson,  David  T 296 

Peyton,  Bailey 302 

Pevton,  Joseph  II 302 

Polk,  James  Ivnox 303 

Polk,  William  H 308 

Povvel,  Samuel 311 

Quarles,  James  M 314 

Ready,  Charles 319 

Reynolds,  James  B 321 

Rhea,  J  ohn 321 

Rivers,  Thomas 325 

Sanford,  James  T 335 

Savage,  John  II 335 

Center,  William  T 340 

Sevier,  John  (see  North  Carolina) 340 

Shields,  Kbenezer  J... 345 

Smith,  Daniel 350 

Smith,  Samuel  A 353 

Sneed,  William  H 355 

Standifer,  James 359 

Stanton,  Frederick  P 360 

Stokes,  WilliamB 366 

Stone,  William 367 

Taylor,  Nathaniel  G 375 

Thomas,  D.  U 378 

Thomas,  Isaac 378 

Thomas,  James  Houston 379 

Trimble,  John 386 

Turney,  Hopkins  L 388 

Watkins,  Albert  G 405 

Watterson,  Harvey  M 405 

Weakley,  Robert 406 

Wharton,  Jesse 409 

White,  Hugh  Lftwson 411 

White,  James 411 

Whiteside,  Jenkins 412 

Williams,  Christopher  H 415 

Williams,  John 416 

Williams,  Joseph  L 416 

Wright,  John  V 427 

Zollicolier,  FelixK.. 430 

Texas. 

Bell,  Peter  H1 35 

Bryan,  Guy  M 57 

Evans,  Lemuel  D 132 

Hamilton,  Andrew  J 169 

Hamilton,  James 169 

Hemphill,  John t 182 

Henderson,  J.  Pinckney 182 

H  oust  1 1  n ,  Sum 195 

Howard,  Volney  E 197 

Kaufman,  David  S 216 

Pilsbury,  Timothy 306 

Reagan,  John  H 319 

Rusk,  Thomas  J 332 

Scurry,  Richardson 338 

Smyth,  George  W 355 

Wa'rcl,  Matthias 402 

Wigfall,  Lewis  T 414 

"Vermont. 

Allen,  Ileman 13 

Allen,  Heman 13 

Bartlett,  Thomas,  Jr 30 

Baxter,  Portus 31 

Bradley,  Stephen  R 49 

Bradley,  William  C 49 

Braiuerd,  Lawrence  L 49 

Buck,  Daniel 68 

Buck,  Daniel  Azro  A 58 

Butler,  Ezra 64 

Cahoon,  William 66 

Chamberlain,  William 74 

Chase,  Dudley 77 

Chipman,  Daniel 79 

Chipman,  Nathaniel 79 


Chittenden,  Martin 79 

Collamer,  Jacob 90 

Crafts,  Samuel  C 96 

Deming,  Benjamin  F 112 

Dillingham,  Paul,  Jr 116 

Edmunds,  George  F 125 

Elliot.James 128 

Everett,  Horace 132 

Fisk,  James 139 

Fletcher,  Isaac 140 

Foot,  Solomon 141 

Hall,  Hiland 167 

Hebard,  William 181 

Henry,  William 184 

Hodges,  George  T 189 

Hubbard,  Jonathan  H 198 

Hunt,  Jonathan* 201 

Hunter,  William 202 

Janes,  Henry  F 207 

Jewett,  Luther 209 

Keyes,  Elias 220 

Langdon,  Chauncy 228 

Lyon,  Asa 245 

Lyon,  Matthew  (see  Kentucky) 246 

Mallary,  Rollin  C 25(5 

Marsh,  Charles 258 

Marsh,  George  P 258 

Mattocks,  John 263 

Meacham,  James 264 

Meech,  Ezra 265 

Miner,  Ahiman  L 270 

Morrill,  Justin  8 276 

Morris,  Lewis  R 277 

Niles,  Nathaniel 286 

Noyes,  John 288 

Olin,  Gideon 290 

Olin,  Henry 290 

Paine,  Elijah 293 

Palmer,  William  A 294 

Peck,  Lucius  B 298 

Phelps,  Samuel  S 303 

Poland,  Luke  P 308 

Prentiss,  Samuel 312 

Rich,  Charles 322 

Richards,  Mark 322 

Robinson,  Jonathan 326 

Robinson,  Moses 327 

Royce,  Homer  E 331 

Sabin,Alvah 333 

Seymour,  Horatio 341 

Shaw,  Samuel 343 

Skinner,  Richard 348 

Slade,  William 348 

Smith,  Israel 351 

Smith,  John 352 

Smith,  Worthington  0 354 

Strong,  William 369 

Swift,  Benjamin 372 

Tichenor,  Isaac 382 

Tracy,  Andrew 384 

Upham,  William 390 

Wales,  George  E 398 

Walton,  E.  P 400 

White,  Phineas 412 

WlthereU.  James 4^2 

Woodbridge,  Frederick  E 424 

Young,  Augustus 429 

Virginia. 

Adams,  Thomas 11 

Alexander,  Mark 12 

Allen,  John  J 13 

Allen,  Robert 14 

Archer,  William  S 19 

Armstrong,  William 19 

Atkinson,  Archibald 22 

Austin,  Archibald 22 

Averett,  Thomas  H 22 

Baker,  John 25 

Ball,  William  Lee 26 

Banister,  John 26 

Banks,  Linn 26 

Barbour,  Jumes • 27 

Barbour,  John  S 27 

Barbour,  Philip  P 27 

Barton,  Richard  W 30          i 

Bassett,  Burwell 30 

Bayly,  Thomas  Henry 32 

Bay  ley,  Thomas  M .  32 

Beale,  James  M.  H 32 

Beale.R.L.T T 32 


622 


INDEX, 


Bedinger,  Henry 34 

Bierne,  Andrew 38 

Blair,  Jacob  I},  (see  West  Virginia) 41 

Bland,  Theodoric 42 

Bland,  Kichard 42 

Bocock,  Thomas  S * 44 

Boteler,  Alexander  K 45 

Botts,  John  M 45 

Bouldin,  James  W 45 

Bouldin,  Thomas  T 45 

Bowden,  Lemuel  J 46 

Braxtpn,  Barter 50 

Breckinridge,  James 50 

Brent,  Richard "51 

Brown,  John 56 

Brown,  William  G.  (see  West  Vii"ginia) Cf> 

Burwell,  William  B.... C3 

Cabell,  Samuel  J 65 

Caperton,  Hugh 70 

Carlile,  John  S 70 

Carrinston,  Edward 71 

Cary,  George  B 73 

Caskie,  John  S 74 

Chapman,  Augustus  A 76 

Chilton,  Samuel 78 

Chinn,  Joseph  W v 79 

Claiborne,  John 80 

Claiborne,  Nathaniel  H 80 

Claiborne,  Thomas 80 

Clark,  Christopher . . 80 

Clay,  Matthew 84 

Clemens,  Sherrard 85 

Clopton,  John 86 

Coke,  Richard 89 

Coles,  Isaac ,    90 

Coles,  Walter 90 

Colston,  Edward 91 

Craig,  Robert 97 

Crump,  George  W 100 

Davenport,  Thomas 107 

Dawsorr,  John 109 

De  Jarnette,  Daniel  C 112 

Doddridge,  Philip 118 

Draper,  Joseph 120 

*Drumgoole,  George  C 121 

Edmundsou,  Henry  A 125 

Eggleston,  Joseph 127 

Eppes,  John  W 130 

Estill,  Benjamin 131 

Evans,  Thomas 132 

Faulkner,  Charles  J 134 

J'itzhugh,  William 139 

Fleming,  William  HO 

Flournoy,  Thomas  S 140 

Floyd,  John 140 

Fulton,  Andrew  S 148 

Fulton,  John  H 148 

Garland,  David  S 150 

Garland,  James 150 

Garnett,  James  M 150 

Garnett,  Muscoo  K.  H 150 

Garnett,  Robert  S 150 

Gholson,  James  H 152 

G  hoi  son,  Thomas 152 

Giles,  William  Brance 153 

Gilmer,  Thomas  W 154 

Goggin,  William  L 155 

Goode,  Samuel 156 

Goode,  William  0 156 

Goodwin,  Peterson 157 

Gordon,  William  F 158 

Gray,  Edward 159 

Gray,  John  C .<-...  159 

Grayson,  William 159 

Griffin,  Cyrus , 161 

Griffin,  Samuel 162 

Griffin ,  Thomas 162 

Hancock,  George 171 

Hardy,  Samuel 173 

Harris,  John  T 175 

Harris,  William  A 170 

Harrison,  Benjamin 176 

Harrison,  Carter  B 176 

Hai-vie,  John 177 

Hawes,  Aylett 179 

Haymond,  Thomas  S 180 

Hayes,  Samuel 180 

Heath,  John 181 

Henry,  James 183 

Henry,  Patrick 184 

Hill,  John 187 

Holladay,  Alexander  R 191 


Holleman,  Joel 191 

Holmes,  David  (see  Mississippi) 191 

Hopkins,  George  W 193 

Hubard,  Edmund  W 197 

Hungerford,  John  0 200 

Hunter,  Robert  M.  T 261 

Jackson,  Edward  B 206 

Jackson,  John  G 206 

Jeft'erson,  Thomas 208 

Jenkins,  Albert  G 208 

Johnson,  James 210 

Johnson,  Joseph 211 

Johnston,  Charles  C 212 

Jones,  James 213 

Jones,  John  W 1 214 

Jones,  Joseph 214 

Jones,  Walter 214 

Kidwell,  Zedekiah 220 

Leake,  Shelton  F 233 

Lee,  Arthur 2:53 


Lee,  Francis  Lightfoot 233 

Lee,  Henry 234 

Lee,  Richard  Henry 234 

Lee,  Richard  Bland 234 

Leffler,  Isaac 235 

Leftwich,  Jabez 235 

Leigh,  Benjamin  Watkins 236 

Letclier,  John 236 

Lewis,  Joseph,  Jr 237 

Lewis,  William  J 237 

Lewis,  Thomas 237 

Love,  John 243 

Loyall,  George 244 

Lucas,  Edward 244 

Lucas,  William 244 

Machir,  James 246 

Madison,  James 255 

Mallory ,  Francis 256 

Marrow,  John 258 

Marshall,  John 259 

Martin,  Klbert  S 260 

Mason,  Armistead  Thomson 261 

Mason,  James  M 261 

Mason,  John  Y 262 

Mason,  Stevens  Thomson 262 

Maxwell,  Lewis 263 

McCarty,  William  M .• 248 

•McCoy,  William • 249 

McComas,  William 249 

McDowell,  James 250 

McKinl'jy,  William 252 

McMullen,  Faj-ette 254 

Meade,  Richard  K 264 

Mercer,  Charles  Fenton 265 

Mercer,  James 26(5 

Merrill,  Orsamus  C 266 

Millson,  John  S 269 

Monroe,  James 271 

Moore,  Andrew -.  272 

Moore,  S.  McD 273 

Moore,  Thomas  S 273 

Morgan,  Daniel 274 

Morgan,  William  S 275 

Morton,  Jeremiah 279 

Nelson.  Hugh 283 

Nelson,  Thomas 284 

Nelson,  Thomas  31 284 

Nevell,  Joseph 284 

Newman,  Alexander 285 

Newton,  Thomas 285 

Newton,  Willoughby 285 

Nicholas,  John 283 

Nicholas,  Wilson  C 285 

Page,  John 293 

Page,  Mann 293 

Page,  Robert 293 

Parker,  Josiah 2'J5 

Parker,  Richard •. 295 

Parker,  Richard  E 295 

Parker,  Severn  E 295 


Patton,  John  M 297 

Pegram,  John 298 

Pendleton,  Edmund 299 

Pendleton,  John  S 299 

Pennabacker,  Isaac  S 300 

Pindall,  James 306 

Pleasants,  J  ames 307 

Powell,  Alfred  H , 311 

Powell ,  Cuthbert 311 

Powell,  Levin 311 

Powell,  Paulus 311 

Preston,  Francis 312 


INDEX. 


623 


Preston,  William  B 313 

Pryor,  Roger  A »..  314 

.Randolph,  Edmund 317 

Randolph,  John,  of  Roanoke 317 

Randolph,  Peyton 317 

Randolph,  Thomas  M 317 

Rives,  Francis  K 321 

Rives,  William  C 325 

Roane,  John 325 

Roane,  JohnJ 325 

Roane,  John   I 325 

Roane,  William  H 325 

Robertson,  John 326 

Rutherford,  Robert 333 

Samuel,  Green  B 334 

Seddon,  James  A 330 

Segar,  Joseph  E 339 

Sheftey,  Dankl 343 

Smith-,  Arthur 350 

Smith,  Ballard 350 

Smith,  John 351 

Smith,  Merewether 352 

Smith,  William 354 

Smith,  William... 354 

Smyth,  A lexander 355 

Snodgrass,  John  Fryall 355 

Steenrod,  Lewis 361 

Stephenson,  James  ., 362 

Stevenson,  Andrew 363 

Stratton,  John 368 

Strother,  George  F 369 

Strother,  James  F .'. .  361J 

Stuart,  Alexander  H.ll 369 

Stuart,  Archibald 369 

Summers,  George  W 370 

Swearingen,  Thomas  V 371 

Swoope,  Jacob 372 

Talial'erro,  Benjamin 373 

Taylor,John  375 

Taylor,  Robert , 376 

Taylor,  William 376 

Taylor,  William 376 

Tazevvell,  Henry 376 

Tazewell,  Littleton  W 376 

Thompson,  George  W 379 

Thompson,  Philip  R 380 

Thompson,  Robert  A 380 

Tredway,  William  M 385 

Trez vant,  J  ames 38 

Trig*?,  Abram 3S 

Trigg,  John 386 

Tucker,  George Jar 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George 387 

Tyler,  John 38° 

Van  Winkle,  Peter  G 3'J 

Tenable,  Abraham  B 395 

Walker,  John 3'J 

Walker,  Francis 31)8 

Washington,  George 404 

White,  Fmncis 411 

Willey,  Waitman  T 415 

Williams,  Jared 416 

Wilson,  Alexander 418 

Wilson,  Edgar  C 418 

Wilson,  Thomas 421 

Wise,  Henry  A * 422 

Wythe,  George 


428 


West  "Virginia. 


Blair,  Jacob  B.  (see  Virginia) 

Brown,  William  G.  (see  Virginia) 

Hubbard,  Chester  £> 

Kitchen,  1$.  M 

Latham,  George  R 

Polsley,  Daniel 

Van  Winkle,  1'.  G.  (see  Virginia). 


41 
56 

108 
224 
229 
308 
394 
409 
415 


Whaley,  Kellian  V.  , 

Wiiley,  Waitman  T.  (tee  Virginia). 

"Wisconsin. 

Billinghurst,  Charles 39 

Brown,  James  b • 06 


Cobb,  Amasa 87 

Cole,  Orasmus 89 

Darling,  Mason  C 105 

Dodge,  Henry 118 

Doolittle,  J.  R 119 

Doty,  J  ames  D 1 19 

Durkee,  Charles  (see  Utah) 123 

Eastman,  Benjamin  C.; 124 

Eldredge,  Charles  A 127 

H  anchett,  Luther 171 

Howe,  Timothy  0 197 

Hopkins,  Benjamin  F .• 193 

Larrabee,  Charles  H 229 

Lynde,  William  P 245 

Macy,  JohnB » 247 

Martin,  Morgan  L 201 

Mclndoe,  Walter  Di 251 

Paine,  H  albert  E 293 

Potter,  John  F 311 

Sawyer,  Philetus 335 

Sloan,  A.  Scott 349 

Sloan,  IthamarC 349 

Tweedy,  John  H 389 

Walker,  Isaac  P 398 

Washburn,  Cadwaliader  C , 403 

Wells,  Daniel,  Jr.   408 

Wheeler,  Ezra 409 

'  Territory  of  A.rizont*. 

Bashford,  Coles 30 

Goodwin,  John  N.  (see  Maine) ; 157 

Poston,  Charles  D 310 

Territory  of  Colorado. 

Bennett,  Hiram  P 35 

Bradford,  Allen  A 49 

Territory  of  JDacotah. 

Burleigh ,  Walter  A 61 

Jayne,  William 207 

Todd,  JohnB.  S 383 

Territory  of  Idaho. 

Holbrook,  E.  D 189 

Wallace,  William  H.  (see  Washington  Terri 
tory) 400 

Territory  of  Montana. 

McLean,  Samuel 254 

Territory  of  IVew  Mexico. 

Chavez,  J.  Francisco 78 

Clever,  Charles  P 85 

Gallegos,  Jos<5  Manuel 149 

O tero,  Miguel  A 291 

Perea,  Francisco 300 

Watts,  JohnS • 405 

Weightman,  Richard  Hanson 407 

Territory  of  "Utah. 

Bernhisel,  John  M 36 

Imrkee,  Charles  (see  Wisconsin) 123 

Hooper,  W.  H l'->3 

Kinney,  John  Fitch 223 

Territory  of  Washington. 

Anderson,J.  P 18 

Cole,  George  E 89 

Denney,  Arthur  A U 

Flanders,  Alvin 140 

Lancaster,  Columbia 227 

Stevens,  Isaac  1 362 

Wallace,  William  H 400 


624 


INDEX. 


INDEX  TO   STATISTICAL  RECORDS. 


Successive  sessions  of  Congress 431 

Speakers  House  of  Representatives 435 

Presidents  of  the  Senate 435 

Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tern 436 

Secretaries  of  the  Senate 437 

Clerks  House  of  Representatives 437 

Chaplains  to  Congress 438 

Successive  Administrations 439 

Cabinet  Ministers  who  have  not  served  in 

Congress  443 

Executive  Officers  of  the  Civil  Service 450 

Presidential  Electors 454 

Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 496 

Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  who  have  not 

been  in  Congress 408 

Clerks  of  the  Supreme  Court 501 

Reporters  of  Supreme  Court 501 

Marshals  attendant  on  Supreme  Court 601 

Ministers,  to  Foreign  Countries 502 

Declaration  of  Independence 523 


Signers  Declaration  of  Independence 528 

Delegates  to  the  Continental  Congress 529 

Presidents  Continental  Congress 533 

Sessions  Continental  Congress 533 

Articles  of  Confederation 534 

The  Constitution  of  the  United  States 539 

The  Seat  of  the  General  Government 551 

Organization  of  Executive  Departments 553 

States  and  Territories  of  the  Union 504 

Origin  of  the  Names  of  States 570 

Progress  of  Population  of  the  United  States..  572 

Ratio  of  Representation 573 

Leading  Government  Publications 575 

Pay  Table  of  Leading  Civil  Officers 575 

State  and  Territorial  Governors 578 

Right  of  Suffrage  in  each  State 587 

Qualifications   o_f   Governors,    Senators,    and 

Representatives 591 

Concluding  Note 595 


INDEX  TO  CABINET  MINISTERS  NOT  IN  CONGRESS. 


Bancroft,  George 443 

Black,  .JeremiahS 443 

Blair,  Montgomery 443 

Bradford,  William 443 

Butler,  Benjamin  Franklin 443 

Dallas,  Alexander  J 444 

Dennison,  William 4t4 

Duane,  William  J 444 

Floyd,  John  B 444 

Gilpin,  Henry  D 444 

Granger,  Gideon    444 

Grant,  Ulysses  S 4-J9 

Hamilton,  Paul 444 

Henshaw,  David 445 

Holt,  Joseph 445 

Kendall,  Amos 445 

King,  Horatio 445 

Knox,  Henry 446 


Lee,  Charles  440 

McCulloch,  Hugh 446 

Meredith,  William  M 446 

Paulding,  James  K 446 

Randall,  Alexander  H 446 

Rush,  Richard 446 

Schofleld,  John  McAlister 447 

Scott,  Winfleld 448 

Speed,  James 447 

Stanbery,  Henry 447 

Stanton,  Edwin  M 447 

Stoddert,  Benjamin 447 

Taylor  Zachary 448 

Thomas,  Lorenzo 450 

Upshur,  Abel  Parker 448 

Usher,  John  P 448 

Welles,  Gideon 448 

Wirt,  William 448 


INDEX  TO  JUSTICES  OF  THE  SUPREME  COURT  NOT  IN 

CONGRESS. 


Blair,  John...'. 498 

Campbell,  John  Archibald 498 

Catron,  John 498 

Curtis,  Benjamin  Robbins 498 

Cushing,  William 498 

Daniel,  Peter  Vyvian 498 

Davis,  David 498 

Fields,  Stephen  J 499 

Grier,  Robert  C 499 

Harrison,  Robert  H 499 

Johnson,  William 499 


Livingston,  Brockholst 499 

Miller,  SamuelF 499 

Moore,  Alfred 499 

Nelson,  Samuel 500 

Swayne,  Noah  H A 500 

Taney,  Roger  B 500 

Thompson,  Smith 500 

Todd,  Thomas 500 

Trimble,  Robert 500 

Washington,  Bushrod 500 


ADDENDA. 


IT  has  been  deemed  advisable  to  chronicle,  in  an  addenda,  the  deaths  of 
several  Ex-Congressmen,  which  have  recently  occurred,  as  well  as  the  names, 
without  full  particulars,  of  those  who  have  been  elected  to  Congress  from  the 
Reconstructed  States  together  with  other  facts  not  received  in  time  to  be 
inserted  in  the  body  of  this  volume. 


Aldrlch,  Cyrus.— In  his  notice,  the 
word  "Hampshire"  should  read  Henne- 
pin. 

Bennett,  Henry. — Died  at  New  Ber 
lin,  New  York,  May  25,  1868. 

Blackburn   W.  Jasper.— He  was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  Louisiana, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  having  emi 
grated  from  Tennessee,  where  he  edited 
a  newspaper. 

Holes,  Thomas. — He  was  born  near 
Clarksville,  Johnson  County,  Arkansas, 
July  16,  1837;  labored  on  a  farm  until  his 
twentieth  year,  teaching  a  common  school 
for  a  portion  of  three  years ;  in  1859  to 
1860  he  was  Deputy  Sheriff  and  Deputy 
Clerk  of  the  Yell  County  Court ;  studied 
law  and  came  to  the  bar  in  the  latter  year ; 
in  1863  and  186-t  he  served  as  a  Captain  in 
the  Union  Army,  experiencing  many  trials 
from  ill  health  and  military  arrests ;  in 
1865  he  was  chosen  Judge  of  the  Fourth 
Judicial  District  of  Arkansas,  which  he 
resigned  early  in  1868,  when  he  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  Arkansas, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Bond,  ShadracJc.—Vorn  in  Mary 
land. 

Bowen,  C.  C.— Born  in  Rhode  Island ; 
long  a  resident  in  the  South;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative  from  South  Car 
olina  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Boyden,  Nathaniel.— He  formerly 
served  in  Congress  from  North  Carolina, 
and  under  the  revised  Constitution  of 
1868  was  re-elected  a  Representative,  from 
North  Carolina,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Buchanan,     James.  —  Died      at 
40 


Wheatland,  near  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania, 
June  1,  1868. 

Buckley,    Charles    W. — He    was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  Alabama, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress.  Graduated  at 
the  Union  Theological  Seminary ;  was  a 
Chaplain  in  the  Union  Army  during  the 
Rebellion;  and  Assistant  Superintendent 
of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau. 

Burke,  Joseph  TF.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Alabama,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Christy,  John  JET.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Georgia,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Cliff,  J.  W.—  He  was  elected  a  Rep 
resentative,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress.  Emigrated  from  Massachu 
setts,  and  was  a  Surgeon  in  the  Union 
Army. 

Corley,  Simon.— Born  in  South  Car 
olina,  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  that  State,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Daniel,  JohnR.  J.— Died  in  North 
Carolina,  in  June,  1868. 

Dewees,  John  T. — He  had  command 
of  an  Indiana  Regiment  during  the  Re 
bellion  ;  and  on  removing  to  North  Caro 
lina,  after  the  war,  he  was  appointed  a 
Register  in  Bankruptcy,  at  Raleigh;  and 
was  elected  a  Representative,  from  North 
Carolina,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Dickson,  Elias  8.—  He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress. 

625 


626 


ADDENDA. 


Dockery,  Oliver  H.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  North  Carolina,  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Edwards,    William  JP.— He  was 

born  in  Georgia;  and  bred  a  lawyer;  and 
was  elected  a  Eepresentative,  from  that 
State,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Epping,  J.  JP.  M.—  Born  in  North 
Carolina;  appointed  a  United  States  Mar 
shal  after  the  war;  and  was  elected  a 
Eepresentative,  from  that  State,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

French,  John  JR.— Born  in  Oilman- 
ton,  New  Hampshire;  edited  the  "  Herald 
of  Freedom "  in  that  State ;  removed  to 
Painesville,  Ohio,  where  he  edited  the 
"Press;"  was  a  Paymaster  during  the 
Rebellion ;  and,  removing  to  North  Caro 
lina,  was  a  Tax  Commissioner  in  that 
State ;  and  from  which  he  was  elected  a 
Representative  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Gillet,  Hansom  H.— He  published, 
in  1868,  a  political  work,  entitled  "  De 
mocracy  in  the  United  States." 

Goss,  James  JET. — He  was  born  in 
South  Carolina,  and  was  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  that  State,  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress. 

Gave,  Samuel  JP.— He  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Georgia,  to  the  For 
tieth  Congress.  He  was  born  in  Massa 
chusetts,  and  an  officer  in  the  Union  army 
during  the  Rebellion. 

Governors  of  Reconstructed 
States. — Those  elected  in  1868  are  as  fol 
lows  : —  Alabama  —  William  H.  Smith; 
Arkansas  —  Powell  Clayton;  Florida- 
Harrison  Reed;  Georgia— Rufus  B.  Bul 
lock;  Louisiana — Henry  C.  Warmouth; 
North  Carolina  —  William  W.  Holden; 
South  Carolina— Robert  K.  Scott. 

Sale,  Salma. — Was  born  at  Alstead, 
New  Hampshire,  March  7,  1787;  learned 
the  trade  of  a  printer  at  Walpole,  N.  H ; 
in  his  eighteenth  year  became  the  editor 
of  the  "Political  Observatory,"  at  that 
place;  subsequently  studied  law;  from 
1812  to  1834  —  with  the  exception  of  a 
few  years  —  he  was  employed  as  Clerk 
of  the  Cheshire  County  Court,  and  the 
Superior  Court  of  Judicatu  re ;  his  services 
as  a  Representative  in  Congress,  from 
Massachusetts,  were  rendered  from  1817 
to  1819 ;  and,  after  giving  up  his  connec 
tion  with  the  Courts  as  Clerk,  he  was  ad 
mitted  to  the  bar.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  New  Hampshire  Legislature  in  1823, 
1824,  and  1825,  serving  in  both  houses.  In 
1825  he  published  a  "  History  of  the  United 
States,"  for  schools,  which  was  republished 
in  England;  was  also  the  author  of  the 
"  Annals  of  Keene ; "  was  a  Trustee  of 


Dartmouth  University,  and  of  the  Uni 
versity  of  Vermont,  and  Secretary  of  the 
Board  of  Commissioners  under  the  Treaty 
of  Ghent.  He  was  a  student  of  languages 
and  history;  a  frequent  and  popular 
writer  for  periodicals;  and  died  at  Keene, 
N.  H.,  November  19,  1866. 

Hamilton,  Charles  M.— Born  iu 
Clinton  County,  Pennsylvania,  in  Novem 
ber,  1840 ;  in  1861  he  entered  the  Union  army 
as  a  private,  participated  in  sixteen  bat 
tles,  and  was  wounded  three  times, — at 
Games'  Mill,  Antietam,  and  Fredericks- 
burg  ;  was  for  a  time  confined  in  Libby  Pris 
on;  in  October,  1863,  he  was  appointed  a 
Lieutenant  in  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps ; 
was  appointed  a  Judge  Advocate,  in  which 
capacity  he  served  until  1865 ;  was  subse 
quently  a  Commissioner  of  Refugees  in 
Florida ;  and  on  being  mustered  out  of  ser 
vice,  early  in  1868,  he  turned  his  attention 
to  the  practice  of  law ;  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Florida,  to  the  Forti 
eth  Congress. 

Haughey,  Thomas.— Re  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Alabama,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Heaton,  David.— lie  was  formerly 
editor  of  the  "Middletown  Herald"  in 
Ohio;  served  in  the  Senate  of  that  State; 
was  also  a  member  of  the  Minnesota  Sen 
ate;  and  was  elected  a  Representative, 
from  North  Carolina,  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress. 

Hinds,  James. — He  was  born  in 
Hebron,  Washington  County,  New  York, 
December  5,  1833 ;  graduated  at  the  Cin 
cinnati  Law  College  in  1856;  removed  to 
Minnesota  and  practised  his  profession 
there;  was  District  Attorney  for  the  State 
until  1860 ;  served  in  the  war  for  the  Union 
as  a  private,  after  which  he  settled  at 
Little  Rock,  Arkansas ;  was  a  member  of 
the  Convention  which  formed  the  present 
Constitution  of  the  State ;  was  appointed 
a  Commissioner  to  codify  the  laws  of  the 
State ;  and  subsequently  elected  a  Repre 
sentative,  from  Arkansas,  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress. 

Johnson,  Reverdy.—Iu  June,  1868, 
he  was  appointed  Minister  to  England, 
and  received  from  St.  John's  College  the 
degree  of  LL.D. 

Jones,  Alexander  JET.— He  was  born 
in  North  Carolina ;  was  editor  of  the  "  Ash- 
ville  Progress ;  "  was  confined  in  the  Libby 
Prison  during  the  Rebellion;  and  was 
elected  a  Representative,  from  North  Car 
olina,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Kellogg,    Francis    W.— He     was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  Alabama,  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress.  (Formerly  served 
in  Congress  from  Michigan.) 


ADDENDA, 


627 


La  Branche,  Alcee — In  1837,  he 
was  appointed,  by  President  Van  Buren, 
Charge  d'affaires  to  Texas.  In  the  vol 
ume  his  name  is  anglicized. 

Lash,  Isaac  D. — He  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  North  Carolina,  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Lincoln,  Levi. — Died  at  Worcester, 
Massachusetts,  May  29,  1868.  Additional 
Facts. — Born  in  Worcester,  October  25, 
1782;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 
1802 ;  studied  law  and  came  to  the  bar  in 
1805 ;  was  a  member  of  the  "  State  Consti 
tutional  Convention  "  of  1822 ;  and  as  Pres 
idential  Elector  in  1848.  Was  the  brother 
of  Enoch  Lincoln. 

Mann,  James. — Born  in  Gorham, 
Maine,  June  20,  1822;  in  1847  he  was 
elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Maine  and 
re-elected,  and  was  also  elected  to  the 
State  Senate ;  subsequently  he  held  a 
position  in  the  Portland  Custom  House ; 
was  Treasurer  for  the  County  of  Cumber 
land;  was  a  Paymaster  in  the  Army  dur 
ing  the  Rebellion,  and  during  the  last  year 
of  his  service  disbursed  eight  millions  of 
dollars  to  the  Army  of  the  Gulf;  and,  hav 
ing  settled  in  New  Orleans,  was  elected  a 
Representative  from  Louisiana  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

McDonald,  Alexander.— lie  was 

born  in  Clinton  County,  Pennsylvania, 
April  10,  1832;  was  educated  chiefly  at 
the  Lewisburg  University;  emigrated  to 
Kansas  in  1857,  and  turned  his  attention  to 
mercantile  pursuits ;  took  a  leading  part  in 
raising  troops  for  the  Union  Army  during 
the  Rebellion,  and  for  a  time  supported 
three  regiments  at  his  private  expense ; 
in  1863  he  settled  iu  Arkansas  as  a  mer 
chant;  established  and  became  President 
of  a  National  Bunk  at  Fort  Smith;  also 
became  President  of  the  Merchants'  Na 
tional  Bank  at  Little  Rock;  and  was 
elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Ar 
kansas,  for  the  term  ending  in  1869,  hav 
ing  taken  his  seat  on  the  admission  of  that 
State  into  the  Union. 

McDonald,  Joseph  _E.— He  was  a 
Representative  from  Indiana,  and  not 
from  Ohio. 

McS.ee,  Samuel.— Having  contested 
the  seat  of  John  D.  Young,  as  a  Represent 
ative  from  Kentucky  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  the  House  decided  the  question 
in  his  favor,  and  he  was  admitted  in  the 
month  of  June,  1868. 

McMahon,  Martin  T.— Appointed 
Minister  Resident  to  Paraguay  in  June, 
1868. 

McRae,  John  J.—  Died  at  Belize, 
British  Honduras,  May  30,  1868. 


New  sham,  Joseph  JR.— Was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Louisiana,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress;  having  previously 
been  a  member  of  the  "  State  Constitution 
al  Convention"  of  1868. 

Norris,  Benjamin   W.  —  He   was 

elected  a  Representative,  from  Alabama, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Osborne,   Thomas   W.— He  was  a 

law  student  in  St.  Lawrence  County,  New 
York,  at  the  commencement  of  the  Rebel 
lion  ;  but  having  raised  a  battery  of  artil 
lery,  he  saw  much  service  on  the  Penin 
sula,  at  Gettysburg,  in  the  West,  and  was 
with  the  army  in  its  march  to  the  sea,  at 
taining  the  rank  of  Brevet  Brigadier-Gen 
eral  ;  after  leaving  the  army  lie  was  ap 
pointed  United  States  Marshal  for  the 
District  of  Florida;  was  also  connected 
with  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  there;  and 
was  elected  a  Senator  in  Congress,  from 
Florida,  for  the  term  commencing  with  the 
readmission  of  the  State  into  the  Union, 
and  ending  in  1873. 

Pierce,  Charles  W.— He  was  elected 
a  Representative,  from  Alabama,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Prince,  Charles  H. — He  was  elected 
a  Representative  from  Georgia  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress.  Born  iu  Maine,  and 
was  a  Captain  in  the  Union  army  during 
the  Rebellion. 

Rice,  Benjamin  F.—  He' was  elected 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  Arkansas,  for 
the  term  ending  in  1871,  having  taken  his 
seat  on  the  readmission  of  the  State  into 
the  Union. 

Roots,  Logan  IT.  — He  was  born  in 
Perry  County,  Illinois,  .March  26,  1841; 
graduated  at  the  Normal  University  of 
that  State ;  was  principal  of  a  high  school ; 
in  1862  he  took  an  active  part  in  raising 
troops  for  the  war,  and  was  appointed  a 
quartermaster;  and  subsequently  served 
as  a  Commissary  of  Subsistence  iu  the 
operations  against  Atlanta,  with  the  rank 
of  Colonel.  After  the  war  he  settled  in 
Arkansas  as  a  planter,  and  was  elected  a 
Representative,  from  that  State,  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress. 

Statistics,  Bureau  of.— In  June, 
1868,  this  office  was  merged  into  that  of 
Special  Commissioner  of  Internal  Rev 
enue. 

Sypher,  J.  Hale.—TSorn  in  Pennsyl 
vania,  and  elected  a  Representative,  from 
Louisiana,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress.  Com 
manded  a  regiment  of  colored  troops  in 
the  Union  army  during  the  Rebellion. 

Tiffin,  Edward.— He  was  born  in 
England;  was  Commissioner  of  the  Gen- 


628 


ADDENDA. 


eral  Land  Office  from  1812  to  1814;  and 
was  subsequently  Surveyor  General  for 
North-western  Ohio  for  several  years. 

Tifft,  Nelson. — He  was  elected  a  Rep- 
resentative,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress.  s 

Toucey,  Isaac. — In  June,  1868,  he 
founded  four  scholarships  in  Trinity  Col 
lege,  Hartford. 

Vidalj  Michael. — Was  born  in  Louis 
iana,  of  French  lineage;  was  editor  of 
the  "  St.  Landry  Express ;  "  and  elected  a 
Representative,  from  Louisiana, to  the  For 
tieth  Congress.  Was  a  member  of  the 
"  State  Constitutional  Convention"  of  1868. 

Waldbridge,  Daniel  S.—  Died  at 
Kalamazoo,  Michigan,  June  15,  1868. 

Welsh,  A..  S. — He  was  born  in  Con 
necticut,  in  1821 ;  graduated  at  the  Uni 
versity  of  Michigan;  was  for  a  time  a 
Professor  in  that  institution ;  was  also,  for 
fifteen  years,  at  the  head  of  the  Normal 
School  of  the  State;  served  as  an  officer 
in  the  Union  army  throughout  the  Rebel 
lion  ;  and,  having  settled  in  Florida,  was 
a  Senator  in  Congress,  from  that  State, 


from  the  date  of  its  readmission  into  the 
Union. 

WJiittetnore,  Benjamin  F.—  Born 
in  Massachusetts;  was  a  clergyman  and 
agent  of  the  Freedmen's    Bureau ;    ane* 
elected  a  Representative,  from  South  Caro 
lina,  to  the  Fortieth  Congress. 

Woodbridge,  Frederick  ^.—(Ad 
ditional.)  Was  in  the  State  Legislature 
in  1849,  1857  and  1858;  in  1860  and  1861  in 
the  Senate,  and  President  pro  tempore  of 
that  body;  was  a  Prosecuting  Attorney 
from  1854  to  1847;  was  several  times 
chosen  Mayor  of  Vincennes ;  and  was  en 
gaged  in  railroad  management  having 
been  Vice-President  of  the  Rutland  and 
Washington  Railroad. 

Young,  John  J>.— His  claim  to  a 
seat  as  a  Representative,  from  Kentucky, 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  was  success 
fully  contested  by  Samuel  McKee. 

Young,  P.  M.  B.—  He  was  a  Gener 
al  in  the  Confederate  army  during  the 
Rebellion ;  and  was  elected  a  Representa 
tive,  from  Georgia,  to  the  Fortieth  Con 
gress. 


Soon  after  this  work  had  gone  to  press,  in  the  month  of  May,  the  Repirol 
can  Party  held  their  National  Convention  at  Chicago,  and  nominated  Ulysses 
S.  Grant  for  President,  and  Schuyler  Colfax  for  Vice-President  of  the  United 
States,  and  a  notice  of  each  will  be  found  in  the  preceding  pages.  After  the 
work  shall  have  left  the  printer,  the  Democratic  Party  will  hold  their  National 
Convention  in  New  York  City.  Should  their  candidates  for  the  offices  in  ques 
tion  happen  to  be  men  who  have  served  in  Congress.  Sketches  of  their  lives 
will  also  be  found  in  this  volume  ;  but  if  otherwise,  the  nominees  will  be  duly 
mentioned  in  the  forthcoming  record  of  the  Twenty-First  Presidential  elec 
tion. 


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LIBRARY,   UNIVERSITY  OF   CALIFORNIA,   DAVIS 

Book  Slip-5.3m-10,'68(J4048s8)458 — A-31/5 


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JK1010 
Lanman,  C.  L3 

Dictionary  of  the     1868 
United  States  Congress. 


LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
DAVIS 


